Artículos de revistas: "Films within films"

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Seiderer, Anna y Alexander Schellow. "Writing within Colonial Films". Critical Arts 31, n.º 2 (4 de marzo de 2017): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2017.1345967.

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Khandelwal, A., R. Shukla y K. S. Sharma. "Effect of Different Compositions of Mixed Metal Oxides (Zinc Oxide and Tin Oxide) on Structural and Optical Properties for the Application of Window Layers in Solar Cells". Journal of Scientific Research 16, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2024): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v16i1.64157.

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Thin films of composite Zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO) are grown on glass substrates by thermal vapor evaporation. Thin films with different ratios of ZnO: SnO2= (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50) wt% were prepared and annealed at 500 °C for 2 h. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal that the ZTO films have become polycrystalline as we increase the percentage of tin oxide. The crystallinity of films also increases significantly. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results indicate that the percentage of tin oxide changes the film's morphology. UV visible spectroscopy of the films indicates that the band gap is reduced with the increased percentage of tin oxide in the mixture, and transmittance is also decreased at a higher percentage. The transmittance of the films ranges from 90 to 83 %, while the band gap falls within the range of 3.90 to 3.40 eV. These characteristics make the films well-suited for solar cell window layers.

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3

Michelson, Annette. "The Kinetic Icon in the Work of Mourning". October 169 (agosto de 2019): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00361.

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Among Dziga Vertov's films, Three Songs of Lenin is unique in its immediate and enduring approval within the Soviet Union. The film was commissioned for the tenth anniversary of Lenin's death and made extensive use of archival material documenting Lenin's political trajectory and his funeral. Annette Michelson offers a reading of the film's political function within the historical situation of the USSR in the 1930s, claiming that the register and scale of Three Songs of Lenin make the film a “kinetic icon” for the deceased leader. Michelson discusses similarities between religious icons and films, particularly the way in which death haunts both, and she examines the way in which the film's emphasis on the role of the female mourner enables it to transform document into monument.

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4

Kümmerling-Meibauer, Bettina. "Paratexts in Children's Films and the Concept of Meta-filmic Awareness". Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 5, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 2013): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2013.050208.

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This article demonstrates, on the basis of recent research in film studies and media literacy, that filmic paratexts play a significant role in contemporary children's films. It shows that paratexts effectively comment on feature films by, for example, anticipating the film's plot and characters in the opening credits, and by pursuing the film plot in the end titles. Thorough analysis of children's films reveals that paratexts stimulate the child viewer to develop a competency that might be characterized as “meta-filmic awareness”, which is the capacity to distinguish between different levels of plot, communication, or complexity within a film. In keeping with these findings, this article represents an exploration of what we might call a meta-critical approach toward children's films.

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5

Podgorski, T., J. M. Flesselles y L. Limat. "Dry arches within flowing films". Physics of Fluids 11, n.º 4 (abril de 1999): 845–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869956.

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6

Williamson, M., R. Hull, D. Dunn, J. Greene y S. Kodambaka. "Microtextural Characterization and Orientational Mapping of Polycrystalline Thin Films Using TEM Dark Field Imaging Through an Annular Objective Aperture". Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (agosto de 1999): 218–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600014410.

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Several methods have been applied to the texture characterization of polycrystalline films, including X-ray diffraction and several SEM and TEM techniques. Few of these techniques combine high spatial resolution with the ability to characterize large sample areas in a short time. We have fabricated annular objective apertures for the TEM, extending earlier work of Heinemann and Poppa, to characterize the orientation and size of grains within polycrystalline thin films. This procedure is similar to conical dark field imaging which has been shown to provide microtextural information over large areasApertures were fabricated using a FEI FIB-200 focused ion beam (FIB) workstation. Bitmap templates of apertures were created using Adobe Illustrator™ and converted to stream files. These stream files were then used to controllably cut annular apertures into an existing platinum JEOL aperture strip with a 30 keV Ga+ FIB. The apertures were then placed in the objective aperture drive of a JEOL 2000FX transmission electron microscope and TiN thin films were imaged in bright- and dark-field imaging modes.

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7

Kane, R. S., R. E. Cohen y R. Silbey. "Semiconductor Nanocluster Growth within Polymer Films". Langmuir 15, n.º 1 (enero de 1999): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la980738i.

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8

Ryan, Connor. "Diversity Within Yoruba-Language Video Films". African Studies Review 55, n.º 2 (septiembre de 2012): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2012.0040.

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Zhuravlyova, E., L. Iglesias-Rubianes, A. Pakes, P. Skeldon, G. E. Thompson, X. Zhou, T. Quance, M. J. Graham, H. Habazaki y K. Shimizu. "Oxygen evolution within barrier oxide films". Corrosion Science 44, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2002): 2153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-938x(02)00025-2.

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10

BOUSÉÉ, DEREK. "Two Brothers". Film Quarterly 59, n.º 3 (2006): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2006.59.3.52.

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ABSTRACT This review of Jean-Jacques Annaud's 2004 tale about a pair of tiger cubs in Southeast Asia details the film's formal and narrative similarities to the supposedly ““non-fiction”” wildlife films on nightly television. Despite working within the boundaries of formula (outlined here), Annaud's execution is nevertheless brilliant and moving.

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McDermott, Thomas C., Taslima Akter, J. M. Don MacElroy, Damian A. Mooney, Michael T. P. McCann y Denis P. Dowling. "Diffusion within Ultrathin, Dense Nanoporous Silica Films". Langmuir 28, n.º 1 (19 de diciembre de 2011): 506–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la203994v.

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12

Martínez‐Zalce, Graciela. "The country within: María Novaro's border films". Journal of Borderlands Studies 25, n.º 3-4 (septiembre de 2010): 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2010.9695774.

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Loughlani, Rayane-Ichrak, Alonso Gamero-Quijano y Francisco Montilla. "Electroassisted Incorporation of Ferrocene within Sol–Gel Silica Films to Enhance Electron Transfer". Molecules 28, n.º 19 (28 de septiembre de 2023): 6845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196845.

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The sol–gel method is a straightforward technique that allows electrode modification with silica thin films. Furthermore, the silica pores could be functionalized to enhance the electrical conductivity and reactivity of the silica films. In this context, silica thin films were functionalized with ferrocene species. This functionalization was performed by electroassisted accumulation, generating a micro-structured composite electrode (Fc@SiO2 electrode). These modified electrodes were characterized by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods, pointing out that ferrocene species were confined with high stability within the microporous silica thin film, demonstrating the good adsorption capacity of the silica. While the spectroelectrochemical characterization indicates that only a fraction of the confined species within the silica films were electroactive, the electrochemical results demonstrate that the Fc@SiO2 film enhances the electrochemical response of cytochrome c in a solution, which gives rise to further applications of these films for redox-controlled release and electrochemical detection of other redox-active proteins.

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14

Temple, Walter S. "Transitions Within Queer North African Cinema". Screen Bodies 2, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2017): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/screen.2017.020205.

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In recent years, North African queer cinema has become increasingly visible both within and beyond Arabo-Orientale spaces. A number of critical factors have contributed to a global awareness of queer identities in contemporary Maghrebi cinema, including the dissemination of films through social media outlets and during international film festivals. Such tout contemporain representations of queer sexuality characterize a robust wave of films in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, inciting a new discourse on the condition of the marginalized traveler struggling to locate new forms of self and being—both at home and abroad.

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Sánchez Vergara, María Elena, César Raúl Monzón González, José Ramón Álvarez Bada, Leon Hamui y Cecilio Álvarez Toledano. "Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrid Hole Transporting Layers of Organotin (IV) Semiconductors within Molybdenum Oxide/Poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene) Polystyrene Sulfonate Matrices". Polymers 14, n.º 19 (3 de octubre de 2022): 4143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194143.

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The hybrid film of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a promising candidate for use as hole transport layer (HTL) in low-cost devices. A fast, controllable and economic process was used to fabricate high-performance HTLs by adding organotin (IV) semiconductors to the MoO3/PEDOT:PSS films. These hybrid films were fabricated by spin-coating and the MoO3/PEDOT:PSS-organotin (IV) complex films were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Some mechanical and optical properties of the hybrid films were obtained and, to electrically characterize the hybrid films, hetero-junction glass/ITO/MoO3/PEDOT:PSS-organotin (IV) complex/Ag devices were prepared. Regarding the mechanical properties, the films have high plastic deformation, with a maximum stress of around 40 MPa and a Knoop hardness of 0.14. With respect to optical behavior, the films showed high transparency, with optical gap values between 2.8 and 3.5 eV and an onset gap of around 2.4 eV, typical of semiconductors. Additionally, the films in their respective devices show ambipolar and ohmic behavior with small differences depending on the substituent in organotin (IV) semiconductors. The MoO3/PEDOT:PSS matrix defines the mechanical behavior of the films and the tin complexes contribute their optoelectronic properties.

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16

Sasi, Giuma. "Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties of Surface Films and Their Relation To the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Steels". مجلة الجامعة الأسمرية: العلوم التطبيقية 1, n.º 2 (30 de diciembre de 2016): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/aujas.v1i2.1559.

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Electrochemical and mechanical techniques were used to grow films and study some of their properties. Polarization curve measurements were performed on Cr-Mo alloy steel specimens in carbonate/bicarbonate solutions at 75 ˚C .Films were grown at -700, -725, -750, -800 and -850 mV at 75 ˚C. It was found that stress corrosion cracking (SCC) was most likely to occur between -650 and -750 mV (SCE). AC impedance and nano- hardness of the films were measured. The results showed that the impedance of the films grown within (SCC) range had diffusion control behavior which indicated passivity whereas the impedance of the films grown outside the (SCC) range showed charge transfer behavior which meant that they were not passive. This result implies that the passive films might cause SCC in Steels. The films grown within the (SCC) range had relatively high hardness compared to those grown outside the range which indicated that the films grown within the range were brittle and might induce SCC in steels.

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17

Mahmood, Reeda, Tristan Mananquil, Rebecca Scenna, Emma S. Dennis, Judith Castillo-Rodriguez y Bryan D. Koivisto. "Light-Driven Energy and Charge Transfer Processes between Additives within Electrospun Nanofibres". Molecules 28, n.º 12 (19 de junio de 2023): 4857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124857.

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Electrospinning is a cost-effective and efficient method of producing polymeric nanofibre films. The resulting nanofibres can be produced in a variety of structures, including monoaxial, coaxial (core@shell), and Janus (side-by-side). The resulting fibres can also act as a matrix for various light-harvesting components such as dye molecules, nanoparticles, and quantum dots. The addition of these light-harvesting materials allows for various photo-driven processes to occur within the films. This review discusses the process of electrospinning as well as the effect of spinning parameters on resulting fibres. Building on this, we discuss energy transfer processes that have been explored in nanofibre films, such as Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF), and upconversion. A charge transfer process, photoinduced electron transfer (PET), is also discussed. This review highlights various candidate molecules that have been used for photo-responsive processes in electrospun films.

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18

Mustafa, M. H., H. M. Ali, G. S. Ahmed y B. H. Hussein. "Enhancement efficiency of cadmium selenium solar cell by doping within silver". Chalcogenide Letters 20, n.º 10 (10 de noviembre de 2023): 733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2023.2010.733.

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We studied at the morphology, structural setup, and optical characteristics of thin cadmium (CdSe) films a thickness of 250 nm that were created by thermal evaporation over glass, The films exhibited a hexagonal shape were crystalline, and tended to form grains in the (111) crystallographic direction, according to the X-ray diffraction examinations. These characteristics were established using the investigation's findings. Through the use of thin films of CdSe doped with Ag at a concentration of 1.5%, the crystal structure orientations for pure CdSe (25.32, 41.84) and CdSe:Ag (25.39, 41.01) that were both pure as well as those that were doped with silver were both determined. The band gap of the optical spectrum decreased by 1.93–1.81 eV (300–700 nm). This reduced the rate of absorption measuring the current-voltage properties of heterojunctions made from a range of clean and doped materials with an incident electrical power density of (100 mW/cm2 ). The films' hexagonal structure was revealed by the X-ray investigation, and grain development was driven by the (220,111) crystallographic direction.

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19

Jaouen, Vincent, Roberta Brayner, David Lantiat, Nathalie Steunou y Thibaud Coradin. "In situgrowth of gold colloids within alginate films". Nanotechnology 21, n.º 18 (14 de abril de 2010): 185605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/21/18/185605.

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20

Bernhardt, Paul V., Nathan L. Kilah, Andrew P. Meacham, Paul Meredith y Robert Vogel. "Immobilisation of electroactive macrocyclic complexes within titania films". Dalton Transactions, n.º 15 (2005): 2508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b505917h.

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21

Kincaid, Helen A., Tom Niedringhaus, Madalina Ciobanu, David E. Cliffel y G. Kane Jennings. "Entrapment of Photosystem I within Self-Assembled Films". Langmuir 22, n.º 19 (septiembre de 2006): 8114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la061326+.

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22

Davis, Frank y Seamus P. J. Higson. "Structured thin films as functional components within biosensors". Biosensors and Bioelectronics 21, n.º 1 (julio de 2005): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2004.10.001.

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23

Xu, Li, Veronika Kozlovskaya, Eugenia Kharlampieva, John F. Ankner y Svetlana A. Sukhishvili. "Anisotropic Diffusion of Polyelectrolyte Chains within Multilayer Films". ACS Macro Letters 1, n.º 1 (30 de noviembre de 2011): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mz200075x.

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24

Mathieu, Christoph, Matthew J. Hadley y Venkateswara R. Inturi. "Within wafer magnetic anisotropy in sputtered FeCo films". Journal of Applied Physics 103, n.º 7 (abril de 2008): 07E715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2831332.

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Li, Qianqian, Hong Sun, Xingchao Liu y X. S. Zhao. "Electroactive porous films of myoglobin within calcium alginate". Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 16, n.º 4 (6 de noviembre de 2011): 1651–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1580-8.

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26

Bergbreiter, David E. y Martha L. Liu. "Polythiophene formation within hyperbranched grafts on polyethylene films". Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 39, n.º 23 (2001): 4119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.10066.

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27

Kim, Jinsang, D. Tyler McQuade, Aimee Rose, Zhengguo Zhu y Timothy M. Swager. "Directing Energy Transfer within Conjugated Polymer Thin Films". Journal of the American Chemical Society 123, n.º 46 (noviembre de 2001): 11488–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja016693g.

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28

de Vargas, Ferran. "Rituals Within Walls: Thinking Post-War Japan’s History through Cinematic Allegories of Everyday Life". Film-Philosophy 27, n.º 3 (octubre de 2023): 507–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/film.2023.0244.

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Between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s, the quotidian dimension took political centrality in Japan thanks to the leading role of the New Left movement and its ideology. This went hand in hand with an appreciation of the philosophical approaches of Marxist intellectuals such as Jun Tosaka and Gorō Hani, who saw the quotidian as a fundamental space for historical transformation. We know how Tosaka and Hani developed an everyday-centred philosophy of history through their writings, but we know little about how formats other than the written word – such as cinema – contributed to thinking historical reality from the same ideological approach. To address this gap in our understanding, this article analyses the intersection of two highly representative films with Tosaka and Hani’s historical thought: Secrets Within Walls ( Kabe no naka no himegoto, Kōji Wakamatsu, 1965) and Ceremonies ( Gishiki, Nagisa Ōshima, 1971). These films’ cinematic allegorisation of post-war Japan’s everyday relationships was a way to reflect on the political character of that period.

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Ouma, Kevin y Susan Gitimu. "An analysis of marketing strategies for Kenyan films: Mission to Rescue and A Grand Little Lie". Journal of African Cinemas 15, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2023): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jac_00091_1.

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The arena in which films are made within the Kenyan film industry forms the elaborate network of artistic, technical and economic apparatuses that produce, distribute and exhibit films to audiences. While this arena is ever-changing, filmmakers and marketers must explore various ways to position their films within the minds of consumers to encourage consumption of their films. This article sought to investigate the marketing strategies of two Kenyan films: Mission to Rescue (2021) directed by Gilbert Lukalia and A Grand Little Lie (2021) directed by Philip Karanja. The study was guided by the need to establish the marketing strategies used by the producers of the films and the overall impact these strategies had on the success of the films. Content analysis and interviews were the main data collection methods. Guided by the theories of marketing mix, this article brings to light ways in which the choice of a proper marketing strategy by the producers contributed to the success or lack of films in the market.

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KARABAĞ, Müge. "Türk Sinemasinda Toplumsal Gerçekçi Filmlerde İstanbul Temsili: Acı Hayat ve Banker Bilo Filmleri Örneği". Journal of Social Research and Behavioral Sciences 8, n.º 16 (20 de junio de 2022): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/jsrbs.8.16.6.

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In this study, it has been tried to explain how and with which variables Istanbul is represented in the films within the scope of the social realist cinema movement in Turkey by analyzing the selected sample films. In this context, in the study, first of all, the social realism movement in Turkish cinema was mentioned and the films shot in line with this movement were briefly mentioned. In the study, the representations of Istanbul in Yeşilçam films were mentioned and the films selected as samples were examined by text analysis method. Sample films are films that are evaluated within the scope of the social realism movement in Turkish cinema and shot in different periods. These films are Acı Hayat made in 1962 and Banker Bilo made in 1980. As a result of the study, it has been that in both films, Istanbul is represented as a trap that alienates people from themselves and society, pushes them to loneliness and mistakes, and leads to the loss of purity and goodness. Keywords: Turkish Cinema, Social Realism, Istanbul, City, Cinema

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P, Sanjay, Vishal Gupta N, Gowda Dv y Praveen Sivadasu. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORAL DISINTEGRATING FILM OF ATENOLOL". Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, n.º 8 (7 de agosto de 2018): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.26464.

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Objective: The main objective of the study was to formulate the oral disintegrating films loaded with atenolol by solvent-casting method and to carry out its evaluation studies.Methods: The films were prepared using the film-forming hydrophilic polymer like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (E-5) and super disintegrant like pectin in various proportions.The formulated oral films were characterized for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and morphological evaluations. Various physicochemical parameters such as weight variation, folding endurance, surface pH, in vitro disintegration, and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out.Results: FTIR studies revealed that there was no drug-polymer interaction. The morphological evaluation of films showed that all the films were homogenous and transparent. The folding endurance test ensured that the films had sufficient brittleness and by weight variation test, it was inferred that all the films were within the deviation. The surface pH study showed the pH of the films was around neutral pH. The drug was well distributed in all the films. The films disintegrated within 120 s and the fastest being disintegrated in 30 s. Based on all the evaluation parameters, F6 had shown optimal performance and remarkable increase in drug release of 94.38% in 2 min.Conclusion: Thus, formulated oral disintegrating films can be termed as an alternative approach to deliver atenolol.

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Castaldelli-Maia, João Mauricio, Hercílio Pereira Oliveira, Arthur Guerra Andrade, Francisco Lotufo-Neto y Dinesh Bhugra. "Using selected scenes from Brazilian films to teach about substance use disorders, within medical education". Sao Paulo Medical Journal 130, n.º 6 (2012): 380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802012000600005.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Themes like alcohol and drug abuse, relationship difficulties, psychoses, autism and personality dissociation disorders have been widely used in films. Psychiatry and psychiatric conditions in various cultural settings are increasingly taught using films. Many articles on cinema and psychiatry have been published but none have presented any methodology on how to select material. Here, the authors look at the portrayal of abusive use of alcohol and drugs during the Brazilian cinema revival period (1994 to 2008). DESIGN AND SETTING: Qualitative study at two universities in the state of São Paulo. METHODS: Scenes were selected from films available at rental stores and were analyzed using a specifically designed protocol. We assessed how realistic these scenes were and their applicability for teaching. One author selected 70 scenes from 50 films (graded for realism and teaching applicability > 8). These were then rated by another two judges. Rating differences among the three judges were assessed using nonparametric tests (P < 0.001). Scenes with high scores (> 8) were defined as "quality scenes". RESULTS: Thirty-nine scenes from 27 films were identified as "quality scenes". Alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens and inhalants were included in these. Signs and symptoms of intoxication, abusive/harmful use and dependence were shown. CONCLUSIONS: We have produced rich teaching material for discussing psychopathology relating to alcohol and drug use that can be used both at undergraduate and at postgraduate level. Moreover, it could be seen that certain drug use behavioral patterns are deeply rooted in some Brazilian films and groups.

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Shaikh, Hamid M., Arfat Anis, Anesh Manjaly Poulose, Niyaz Ahamad Madhar y Saeed M. Al-Zahrani. "Date-Palm-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystals as Reinforcing Agents for Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Guar-Gum-Based Phase-Separated Composite Films". Nanomaterials 12, n.º 7 (27 de marzo de 2022): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12071104.

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The current study delineates the use of date-palm-derived cellulose nanocrystals (dp-CNCs) as reinforcing agents. dp-CNCs were incorporated in varying amounts to poly(vinyl alcohol)/guar-gum-based phase-separated composite films. The films were prepared by using the solution casting method, which employed glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent. Subsequently, the films were characterized by bright field and polarizing microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and mechanical study. The microscopic techniques suggested that phase-separated films were formed, whose microstructure could be tailored by incorporating dp-CNCs. At higher levels of dp-CNC content, microcracks could be observed in the films. The transparency of the phase-separated films was not significantly altered when the dp-CNC content was on the lower side. FTIR spectroscopy suggested the presence of hydrogen bonding within the phase-separated films. dp-CNCs showed reinforcing effects at the lowest amount, whereas the mechanical properties of the films were compromised at higher dp-CNC content. Moxifloxacin was included in the films to determine the capability of the films as a drug delivery vehicle. It was found that the release of the drug could be tailored by altering the dp-CNC content within the phase-separated films. In gist, the developed dp-CNC-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/guar-gum-based phase-separated composite films could be explored as a drug delivery vehicle.

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Henzler, M., V. Zielasek, D. Erdös y J. Wollschläger. "Epitaxial Insulating Films". Surface Review and Letters 05, n.º 03n04 (junio de 1998): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x98001031.

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The study of insulating films is possible also with electrons, as soon as the charging up of the surface and the electron damage are avoided. Thin epitaxial films do not charge up, as long as the thickness is less than about 5 nm. Therefore the epitaxy of several insulating films could be studied using the spot profile analysis of low energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED). The results show special features of growth, which are described as elastic bending of the growing films. For this phenomenon defects of the substrate or special growth conditions may be decisive. The features may be enhanced due to the strong binding within the ionic film compared to the weaker bonding to the substrate. Point defects are generated in NaCl films by electron bombardment with an energy over about 30 V. Since these defects have an electronic transition (color centers), they are easily quantitatively measured with electron energy loss spectroscopy. Therefore their effect on the background intensity of the elastic scattering has been studied quantitatively for the first time.

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Kosicki, Piotr H. "Forests, Families, and Films". East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 29, n.º 4 (16 de septiembre de 2015): 730–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325415594670.

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Taking theoretical cues from the respective works of Jan and Aleida Assmann and Dan Diner, this article has two fundamentally linked goals: to historicize Polish cultural memory of Katyń, emplotting it within a narrative arc encompassing the seven decades separating 1943 from 2015; and to identify individual and collective agency within the history of Polish memory of Katyń. Certainly, the word “Katyń” exists variously as toponym, as metonym, as rallying cry. Yet the historical narratives anchored in that word are the outcomes of actions taken by concrete actors—individuals, states, social movements, international institutions. Although this article takes seriously the many theoretical frameworks undergirding the academic study of collective memory, its principal focus is the balance of historical contingency and structure that has constituted discrete, identifiable episodes of both commemorating and forgetting.

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Quilez-Molina, Ana Isabel, Lara Marini, Athanassia Athanassiou y Ilker S. Bayer. "UV-Blocking, Transparent, and Antioxidant Polycyanoacrylate Films". Polymers 12, n.º 9 (3 de septiembre de 2020): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092011.

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Applications of cyanoacrylate monomers are generally limited to adhesives/glues (instant or superglues) and forensic sciences. They tend to polymerize rapidly into rigid structures when exposed to trace amounts of moisture. Transforming cyanoacrylate monomers into transparent polymeric films or coatings can open up several new applications, as they are biocompatible, biodegradable and have surgical uses. Like other acrylics, cyanoacrylate polymers are glassy and rigid. To circumvent this, we prepared transparent cyanoacrylate films by solvent casting from a readily biodegrade solvent, cyclopentanone. To improve the ductility of the films, poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) biopolymer was used as an additive (maximum 5 wt.%) while maintaining transparency. Additionally, ductile films were functionalized with caffeic acid (maximum 2 wt.%), with no loss of transparency while establishing highly effective double functionality, i.e., antioxidant effect and effective UV-absorbing capability. Less than 25 mg antioxidant caffeic acid release per gram film was achieved within a 24-h period, conforming to food safety regulations. Within 2 h, films achieved 100% radical inhibition levels. Films displayed zero UVC (100–280 nm) and UVB (280–315 nm), and ~15% UVA (315–400 nm) radiation transmittance comparable to advanced sunscreen materials containing ZnO nanoparticles or quantum dots. Transparent films also exhibited promising water vapor and oxygen barrier properties, outperforming low-density polyethylene (LPDE) films. Several potential applications can be envisioned such as films for fatty food preservation, biofilms for sun screening, and biomedical films for free-radical inhibition.

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37

Chrzanowski, J., J. C. Irwin, R. R. Parsons y P. J. Mulhern. "Raman scattering from sputtered films of YBa2Cu3Oy". Canadian Journal of Physics 66, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 1988): 695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p88-115.

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Thin films of the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3Oy have been deposited on Al2O3 and MgO substrates by dc magnetron sputtering. Raman-scattering experiments have been carried out on these films at various temperatures. The results of these experiments have been used to estimate the amount of impurity phases in the films, to characterize the actual superconducting films, and to test for any preferential orientation within the film. Vibrational modes of the superconductor were found at 148, 226, and 338 cm−1 in both sets of films, at 446 and 491 cm−1 in the Al2O3 films, and at 441 and 500 cm−1 in the MgO films. The measured frequencies of the highest energy modes have been used to determine the oxygen content of the films.

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38

Atta, Nwaba Abraham, Sulayman Muhammad Kabeer y Matthew David Femi. "PREPARATION AND OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF COPPER SULPHIDE THIN FILM USING CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION METHOD". FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 6, n.º 3 (26 de septiembre de 2022): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0603-1079.

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Copper Sulphide thin films is a metal usually found in superconducting films, diamond films, among others Solution growth method was used for the preparation of CuS thin films on glass substrates at various temperatures and deposition times. In this research, optical properties of these films were investigated. It is used in ultra violet range and microwave shielding. Best deposition was obtained at 600C. The corresponding 14950 Å film showed 3.7% transmittance at 300 nm and the band gap of the films was within 1.35 – 2.35 eV.

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39

Zhang, Tingting. "The Anti-Corporate Films Nostalgic Inclination". Communications in Humanities Research 25, n.º 1 (3 de enero de 2024): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/25/20231980.

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As a niche genre within the yet-to-be-systematized film landscape, anti-corporate films serve the purpose of exposing and critiquing the prevailing inequities in society, particularly the exploitation of capital on the masses. These films often revolve around narratives of capital oppressing human rights and the struggles of ordinary individuals attempting to rebel against colossal corporations. They provide a platform for denunciation and irony aimed at the prevailing dominance of capital. The debate between irony and nostalgia is continuous within this context, yet both evoke unexpected dual emotions and agency. Nostalgia in anti-corporate films explicitly presents an inappropriate present juxtaposed with an idealized past as binary spatial symbols, ultimately portraying a utopian vision of the future.

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40

Tikhonov V. V., Gubanov V. A. y Sadovnikov A. V. "Spin-wave resonances in a diffusion-sensitive epitaxial film YIG". Physics of the Solid State 64, n.º 9 (2022): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pss.2022.09.54156.03hh.

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It is shown that in a tangentially magnetized film of iron yttrium garnet exist two types of resonances --- a homogeneous ferrimagnetic resonance in the region of the film's homogeneous magnetization (outside the diffusion layer), and inhomogeneous spin-wave resonance within the thickness of the diffusion layer. A method of calculating the magnetization distribution over the film thickness using measured frequencies of the spin-wave and ferrimagnetic resonances. The method of mathematical modeling has established that the magnetic inhomogeneity of the transition layer layer introduces significant distortions of the oscillation epure at the frequency of the spin-wave resonance, and the nature of the distortions significantly depends on the magnitude of the magnetizing field. The results of the conducted can be useful for nondestructive control of the layered structure of YIG epitaxial films. Keywords: yttrium iron garnet epitaxial films, exchange spin waves, spinwave electronics, magnonics.

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41

MOHAMAD RASIT, ROSMAWATI, MUHAMAD FAISAL ASHAARI y SALASIAH HANIN HAMJAH. "The Application of Laswell Communication Model on The Good Message Within Religious Malay Films". Ulum Islamiyyah 33, n.º 1 (25 de abril de 2021): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol33no1.273.

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The general public perceives film as the factor that encourages negativity in the behaviour of its audience. However, through the perspective of film studies, the film can serve as the means to convey a good message. However, more in-depth reviews need to be done to attest to its capability in doing so. Therefore, using Laswell Communication Model (1948), this study was carried out to examine the good messages from religious Malay films. This study used qualitative content analysis design. by using purposive sampling, the researcher chose four Malay films as the subjects in this film study. The movies were Maut (Death) (2009), Syurga Cinta (Love Heaven) (2009) and Nur Kasih (The Light of Love) The Movie (2011). The films were watched and analysed by inserting all the facts into content analysis forms - the film meaning evaluation form and theme coding form. Narrative and theme analysis were used to analyse the film text data. Overall, the study found that the Malay religious films examined to discuss the concept of good message. There were four themes from the religious Malays films analysis which were promoting the good messages; the plays of emotions, based on the target group, negative reinforcement style and the good advice. However, not all the film samples highlight the idea of good messages in their purest sense as they are inharmonious with the principle of Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar (encouraging good deeds, forbidding bad acts).

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42

Sharma, Ameya, Vivek Puri, Pradeep Kumar y Inderbir Singh. "Rifampicin-Loaded Alginate-Gelatin Fibers Incorporated within Transdermal Films as a Fiber-in-Film System for Wound Healing Applications". Membranes 11, n.º 1 (23 de diciembre de 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010007.

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The various biological and molecular cascades including different stages or phases such as inflammation, tissue proliferation, and remodeling phases, which significantly define the wound healing process. The natural matrix system is suggested to increase and sustain these cascades. Biocompatible biopolymers, sodium alginate and gelatin, and a drug (Rifampicin) were used for the preparation of fibers into a physical crosslinking solution using extrusion-gelation. The formed fibers were then loaded in transdermal films for wound healing applications. Rifampicin, an antibiotic, antibacterial agent was incorporated into fibers and afterwards the fibers were loaded into transdermal films. Initially, rifampicin fibers were developed using biopolymers including alginate and gelatin, and were further loaded into polymeric matrix which led to the formation of transdermal films. The transdermal films were coded as TF1, TF2, TF3 and TF4.The characterization technique, FTIR, was used to describe molecular transitions within fibers, transdermal films, and was further corroborated using SEM and XRD. In mechanical properties, the parameters, such as tensile strength and elongation-at-break (extensibility), were found to be ranged between 2.32 ± 0.45 N/mm2 to 14.32 ± 0.98 N/mm2 and 15.2% ± 0.98% to 30.54% ± 1.08%. The morphological analysis firmed the development of fibers and fiber-loaded transdermal films. Additionally, physical evaluation such as water uptake study, water transmission rate, swelling index, moisture content, and moisture uptake study were executed to describe comparative interpretation of the formulations developed. In vivo studies were executed using a full thickness cutaneous wound healing model, the transdermal films developed showed higher degree of contraction, i.e., 98.85% ± 4.04% as compared to marketed formulation (Povidone). The fiber-in-film is a promising delivery system for loading therapeutic agents for effective wound care management.

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43

Ilyas, Nadia, Nagma Fatima y S. M. Shahidulla. "Formulation and In-Vitro evaluation of Nortriptyline Hydrochloride mucoadhesive buccal films". Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 13, n.º 12 (15 de diciembre de 2023): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i12.6331.

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This contemporaneous research was aimed to formulate buccal mucoadhesive DDS to enhance bioavailability and avoid pre systemic metabolism. The mucoadhesive film was fabricated by solvent casting method with base polymer chitosan and a combination of hydrophilic polymer like PVP or Gelatin. The films were then evaluated. All the formulations were found to have optimum strength to withstand folding endurance. The films' consistent size, thickness, and weight variation were discovered. The drug content uniformity of films was exceptionally well. Given that the film's surface pH falls between 6.6 and 6.7, buccal administration is appropriate for it. The pH near to the neutral region decreases the chances of mucosal irritation. The invitro adhesion ability of the formulations were affected by the composition of chitosan and PVP or Gelatin. The lower and higher concentration of chitosan was not sufficient for invitro adhesion of films. The formulation having chitosan and hydrophilic polymers in the ratio 1:1.5 showed strong invitro adhesion. The invitro bioadhesion time of the formulations containing chitosan and gelatin or PVP was less due to poor ionization of gelatin. On increasing the concentration of hydrophilic polymers, the invitro bioadhesion time increased. The highest concentration of the polymers decreased the adhesion time. The formulation NF5 with chitosan and gelatin within the proportion of 1:1.5 exhibited drug release of 98.1% at 6 hours. The sole purpose of this work is to adhere the buccal film with the mucosa, hence formulation NF5 was selected as best formulation. Thus, current investigation's goal to develop a buccal mucoadhesive drug delivery was fulfilled. Keywords: Buccal film, Nortriptyline HCl, depression, in vitro studies, mucoadhesive

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44

Graham, James A., Hope Yuhas y Jessica L. Roman. "Death and Coping Mechanisms in Animated Disney Movies: A Content Analysis of Disney Films (1937–2003) and Disney/Pixar Films (2003–2016)". Social Sciences 7, n.º 10 (16 de octubre de 2018): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci7100199.

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The purpose of this content analysis was to examine how death depictions in animated Disney films has changed in the past 14 years and the coping mechanisms used to process death within these films. A content analysis from 2005 was used to investigate the influence of Disney films on children’s concepts of death based on 23 death scenes from 10 full-length Disney Classic animated films from 1937 to 2003 and 10 death scenes from 8 selected full-length Disney and Pixar animated films from 2003 to 2016. Our goal was to compare the findings across the two studies. Similar to the original study, the portrayal of death focused on five categories: character status; depiction of death; death status; emotional reaction; and causality. We expanded on the original study and more research by examining coping mechanisms used to process death within a selection of these films. Our findings indicated that some scenes from animated Disney and Pixar films obscure the permanence and irreversibility of death and often fail to acknowledge deaths emotionally. Our conclusions showed that Disney’s and Pixar’s portrayal of death in newer films might have more positive implications for children’s understanding of death than Disney Classic animated films.

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45

Kumar, Paipalem Manoj. "Comparison of Piezo Resistive Property of Graphene based Polymer Films and Carbon Nanotube based Polymer Films to Optimize the Conductivity". Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, n.º 2 (5 de junio de 2021): 1324–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i2.1760.

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Aim: The piezo resistive property of Graphene PVDF films and Carbon nanotube PVDF films is analyzed and the possibility of replacing solid state resistor (10 ohm) in electronic circuits is explored. Materials and Methods: Embedded hardware interface and Wheatstone bridge circuit is used to analyze the electrical conductivity of Graphene PVDF films (n=10) and Carbon nanotube PVDF films (n=10) of length 2.6 cm and width 1.1 cm. Results: Graphene PVDF films have significantly higher Conductivity (0.082 s/m) (p<0.05) than Carbon nanotube PVDF films (0.0108 s/m). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study Graphene PVDF films offer best Conductivity and can be used as a replacement for solid state resistors.

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46

Razali, Mohd Zikri, Abdullah Huda, Sahbudin Shaari, Taha Mohd Raihan, Azimah Omar y Mohd Ambar Yarmo. "Effect of Heat Treatment on CNT/TiO₂ Photoelectrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Application". Journal of Nano Research 28 (junio de 2014): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.28.151.

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In this research, the CNT/TiO2 nanocomposite solution was prepared using sol-gel method process. Definite amounts of CNT (0.06 g) were sonicated in 30 ml anhydrate 2-propanol. The measured quantities of Titanium (IV) Tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) – 5 ml were introduced into the CNT/2-propanol solution. The CNT/TiO2 paste was doctor-bladed onto the FTO glass and consequently annealed at 250 °C, 350 °C and 450 °C for 30 min. The effect of annealing temperatures on the CNT/TiO2 thin films was discussed. The CNT/TiO2 thin films were characterized for morphological and electrical performance by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Incident Photon to Charge Carrier Efficiency (IPCE) and IV-Curve Efficiency analysis. The XRD patterns show the thin films major peak at (101) with average anatase phase crystallite size. The CNT/TiO2 thin film's morphological structure composed of compressed and porous distributed composition. The crystal structures were changed upon increasing the annealing temperature. The IV measurement shows that the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) at 450 °C produced highest photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) with 3.88 %. IPCE graph shows the solar cell absorb light within the UV spectrum region. It is revealed that annealing temperature has influence toward photovoltaic performance of the assembled DSSC.

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47

Suklaw, N. y U. Ratanakamnuan. "Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of Starch-based Biocomposite Films Reinforced with Microcrystalline Cellulose from Rice Embryo". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2175, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2022): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2175/1/012034.

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Abstract In this research, glycerol-plasticized cassava starch/San Pa Tong sticky rice embryo plant microcrystalline cellulose (SPT-MCC) biocomposite films were prepared by solvent casting technique. SPT-MCC were extracted from sticky rice embryo plant by alkaline delignification process, bleached with hydrogen peroxide and hydrolysis with sulfuric acid, respectively. Effect of SPT-MCC content (0-60% wt% based on starch content) on thermal properties, mechanical properties and biodegradability of the biocomposite films were studied. Biodegradation of biocomposite films were investigated by soil burial test methods for 8 days. The biodegradability test results were compared with the degradation of three types commercial plastic bags. The result showed that thermal stability of biocomposite films decreased with the increasing of SPT-MCC addition while the tensile strength and Young’s Modulus of biocomposite films increased with the increment of SPT-MCC content. Starch-based biocomposite films reinforced with 10-40% wt% of SPT-MCC completely decomposed within 3 day, while the 50-60% wt% of SPT-MCC biocomposite films entirely degrade within 8 day.

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48

Sato, Mitsutaka, Rong Tu, Takashi Goto, Kyosuke Ueda y Takayuki Narushima. "Hydroxyapatite Formation on Calcium Phosphate Coated Titanium". Materials Science Forum 561-565 (octubre de 2007): 1513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.1513.

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Calcium phosphate films were prepared by MOCVD using Ca(dpm)2 and (C6H5O)3PO precursors. The phases, composition and morphology of films changed depending on the molar ratio of Ca to P precursors (RCa/P), total pressure (Ptot) and substrate temperature (Tsub). α-tricalcimu phosphate (α-TCP, α-Ca3(PO4)2) films in a single phase were obtained at Tsub = 1073 K, 0.1 < RCa/P < 0.4 and Tsub = 973 K, RCa/P < 0.4. Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) films in a single phase were obtained at Tsub = 1073 K, 0.8 < RCa/P < 1.0 and Tsub = 973 K, 0.5 < RCa/P < 0.6. Ca-P-O films had a dense and smooth surface. HAp formed within 1 day on the α-TCP film and wholly covered the specimens within 2 weeks in a Hanks’ solution. The surface of CVD-HAp film was covered by precipitated HAp within 6 hours.

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Pospíšilík, Václav y Stanislav Honus. "Issue of heat mirror films overheating". MATEC Web of Conferences 345 (2021): 00025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134500025.

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The study focuses on the issue of coated thin plastic films overheating due to the absorption of solar radiation. These films are suspended within the sealed space of dual-pane insulating glass units (IGU). Films are deformed due to thermal stress and the glazing ceases to carry out its function. The surface temperature of the glazing system was evaluated from energy balance during a sunny day. It was supposed the intensity of solar radiation 1000 W/m2. Solar radiation incidents perpendicular to the surface of the glazing. Spectroscopic measurement was performed and optical properties of glasses and films were evaluated. Finally, suitable glazing was designed, which partially prevents transmission of the solar radiation into the inner space of glazing and the thin plastic films are not significantly overheated.

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50

Rawooth, Madhusmita, SK Habibullah, Dilshad Qureshi, Deepti Bharti, Ankit Pal, Biswaranjan Mohanty, Maciej Jarzębski, Wojciech Smułek y Kunal Pal. "Effect of Tamarind Gum on the Properties of Phase-Separated Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films". Polymers 14, n.º 14 (8 de julio de 2022): 2793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14142793.

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The current study aims to evaluate the effect of tamarind gum (TG) on the optical, mechanical, and drug release potential of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based films. This involves preparing PVA-TG composite films with different concentrations of TG through a simple solvent casting method. The addition of TG has enhanced the phase separation and aggregation of PVA within the films, and it becomes greater with the increase in TG concentration. Brightfield and polarized light micrographs have revealed that aggregation is favored by forming crystalline domains at the PVA-TG interface. The interconnected network of PVA-TG aggregates influenced the swelling and drying properties of the films. Using Peleg’s analysis, the mechanical behavior of films was determined by their stress relaxation profiles. The addition of TG has made no significant changes to the firmness and viscoelastic properties of films. However, long-durational relaxation times indicated that the interconnected network might break down in films with higher TG concentration, suggesting their brittleness. The controlled release of ciprofloxacin in HCl solution (0.5% (w/v)) appears to decrease with the increase in TG concentration. In fact, TG has inversely affected the impedance and altered the ionic conductivity within the films. This seems to have directly influenced the drug release from the films as the mechanism was found to be non-Fickian diffusion (based on Korsmeyer–Peepas and Peppas–Sahlin kinetic models). The antimicrobial study using Escherichia coli was carried out to evaluate the activity of the drug-loaded films. The study proves that TG can modulate the properties of PVA films and has the potential to fine-tune the controlled release of drugs from composite films.

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