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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Fibroblasti umani"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Fibroblasti umani"
Hänel, Gerulf, Anne-Sophie Neumann, Vesna Pulko, Christina Claus, Alexandra Leutbecher, Anetta Marcinek, Nora Zieger et al. "Augmenting Efficacy of T-Cell Bispecific Antibodies in AML through a Tumor Stroma-Targeted 4-1BB Agonist". Blood 138, Supplement 1 (5 de noviembre de 2021): 1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-146762.
Texto completoAznar, Justo. "Could iPS cells be clinically useful?" Medicina e Morale 59, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2010.218.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Fibroblasti umani"
Salvatore, Viviana <1979>. "Cambiamenti nell'espressione genica in un sistema di co-coltura di fibroblasti umani e cellule di osteosarcoma: il ruolo del microambiente". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7416/1/Tesi_Definitiva_Viviana_Salvatore.pdf.
Texto completoThe relevance of the microenvironment in metastatic progression began to take shape since the late nineteenth century through the theory of the "seed and soil", given by the English surgeon Stephen Paget (1855-1926), according to which certain cancers are able to form metastases in specific organs, just like a seed finds the right soil to take root. In molecular terms, Paget understood as cancer cell could express molecules recognized only in certain tissues. In the same years, the American pathologist James Ewing (1866-1943) developed a complementary theory, "anatomical-mechanical hypothesis ", suggesting that the lymphatic and vascular systems could play a predominant role in the passive diffusion of cells toward a particular site anatomically accessible. In 1982, Bissell delineated the modern theory that, at the basis of tumor growth, both the microenvironment and the genetic mutations play a key role. In recent decades, in fact, next to the definition of cancer as a genetic disease, it has outlined the fundamental importance of the interrelationships that exist between the tumor epithelium and tissue microenvironment in the process of tumorigenesis. The tumor has long been considered a complex tissue, the cells of which do not act alone during the progression of cancer, but they can recruit normal surrounding cells as active collaborators to establish a neoplastic phenotype. While the genomic instability of tumors guarantees them a continuous evolutionary advantage, allowing more and more aggressive and resistant cells to survive the therapies, their malleable nature has highlighted the need to implement multiple strategies: many pre-clinical and clinical studies have suggested the efficacy of combination of therapies targeting not only the tumor cells, but also the components of the microenvironment, in particular those of the stroma.
Salvatore, Viviana <1979>. "Cambiamenti nell'espressione genica in un sistema di co-coltura di fibroblasti umani e cellule di osteosarcoma: il ruolo del microambiente". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7416/.
Texto completoThe relevance of the microenvironment in metastatic progression began to take shape since the late nineteenth century through the theory of the "seed and soil", given by the English surgeon Stephen Paget (1855-1926), according to which certain cancers are able to form metastases in specific organs, just like a seed finds the right soil to take root. In molecular terms, Paget understood as cancer cell could express molecules recognized only in certain tissues. In the same years, the American pathologist James Ewing (1866-1943) developed a complementary theory, "anatomical-mechanical hypothesis ", suggesting that the lymphatic and vascular systems could play a predominant role in the passive diffusion of cells toward a particular site anatomically accessible. In 1982, Bissell delineated the modern theory that, at the basis of tumor growth, both the microenvironment and the genetic mutations play a key role. In recent decades, in fact, next to the definition of cancer as a genetic disease, it has outlined the fundamental importance of the interrelationships that exist between the tumor epithelium and tissue microenvironment in the process of tumorigenesis. The tumor has long been considered a complex tissue, the cells of which do not act alone during the progression of cancer, but they can recruit normal surrounding cells as active collaborators to establish a neoplastic phenotype. While the genomic instability of tumors guarantees them a continuous evolutionary advantage, allowing more and more aggressive and resistant cells to survive the therapies, their malleable nature has highlighted the need to implement multiple strategies: many pre-clinical and clinical studies have suggested the efficacy of combination of therapies targeting not only the tumor cells, but also the components of the microenvironment, in particular those of the stroma.
PEZZINI, Francesco. "Behaviour of endo-lysosomal and mitochondrial compartments in human NCL fibroblasts in vitro". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/343907.
Texto completoNeuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are degenerative disorders of childhood, which affect the central nervous system (CNS). NCL belong to the wider group of lysosomal storage diseases and they are characterized by the accumulation of endo-lysosomal material with specific ultrastructural features, both in neuronal cells and other peripheral tissues. NCL arise from either primary or secondary involvement of the lysosomal compartment, since mutated NCL proteins reside not only in the lysosomes but also in other cellular structures, such as the endoplasmic reticulum. Over last 30 year ten NCL forms have been identified according to clinical, pathological and molecular criteria; moreover, eight NCL genes have been cloned, coding for proteins of specific and different functions. Therefore, today, NCL represents the acronym of a group of genetically different disorders of the CNS, leading to progressive shrinkage of the brain. The main issue in the NCL pathology is the comprehension of which cellular mechanisms are involved in neuronal cell death in these conditions. Recently the attention has been addressed mainly to the pathogenetic role that the abnormal storage may exert on the cellular homeostasis and survival, even through apoptotic cell death. Moreover, a role for autophagy is also under scrutiny, since morphological and molecular evidences suggest the activation of this cellular mechanism both in humans and animal models of disease. The aim of this doctorate project was to analyze in vitro the cellular behaviour of human genetically determined NCL fibroblasts derived from skin biopsies of patients affected with NCL forms, harbouring mutations on CLN1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6 and CLN7 genes. Specifically, fibroblasts cell lines were analyzed in a ‘prolonged culture paradigm’ in order to assess which cellular responses could be activated by NCL cells, carrying a pre-existing endo-lysosomal dysfunction, to cope with the aging process in vitro. We focused our attention principally on the evolution of the endo-lysosomal system during the prolonged growth; at the same time, we checked the mitochondria functionality and the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Both morphological and biochemical tools were used. The morphological investigation of the endo-lysosomal system revealed that the aging of NCL cultures was associated with a progressive accumulation of lysosomal elements (lysosomal bodies, autolysosomes and empty vacuoles) in different manner as compared to controls. Furthermore, a different behaviour in the accumulation process of dense bodies and single membrane vacuoles was seen between CLN1 and the other forms. The detection of autophagosomes led to investigate the autophagic pathway, that was found to be activated in several cell lines, regardless the NCL forms and the severity of mutation. Moreover, the morphological alterations of the endo-lysosomal compartment occurring in all NCL cell lines affected the mitochondrial network and the distribution of polarized mitochondria as well. No evidences of apoptotic activation were seen under basal conditions during the prolonged growth in all the cell lines analyzed. However, the treatment with the apoptotic chemical inducer Staurosporine revealed a different activation of the caspase-3 dependent apoptosis in two CLN1 lines as compared to the other NCL forms and controls. These results suggested that autophagy is activated in NCL fibroblasts, probably as a rescue cellular program to cope with the endo-lysosomal stress, intensified by the prolonged growth in vitro. At the same time, mitochondria, a vital compartment for the cell survival, were secondary affected in this in vitro model, whereas the indirect evidence of involved apoptotic pathway in CLN1 only seems to be consistent with recent scientific reports.
MARCHEGGIANI, FABIO. "Ruolo di composti fito-chimici ad azione antiossidante e antinfiammatoria in colture di fibroblasti del derma umano nella protezione dal foto-invecchiamento". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/245506.
Texto completoRole of phytochemicals with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity in preventing photo-aging in human dermal fibroblasts Skin ageing is strictly connected to oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced either from exogenous and endogenous sources are able to react and damage proteins, DNA and lipids of the cellular (fibroblast and keratinocyte) and extracellular matrix component of the skin underlying the typical sign of ageing in this tissue (wrinkles, sagging, hypersensitivity). UV radiation, among environmental factors, represent a major source of ROS, in particular UVA. In our study we tested innovative phytochemical substances with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities for their ability to prevent UV-mediated oxidative damage to fibroblasts . In particular we developed a model of UV photo-damaged fibroblast using a UVA source at 36 J/cm2 where isolated substances or mixes of those were used to evaluate through flow-cytometric techniques their ability in lowering ROS intracellular content triggered by UV irradiation. Moreover, antinflammatory effect of the same substances was also evaluated following LPS exposure (10 ng/ml for 3h) by quantifying the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL6, IL8, COX2 and MCP-1) in real time PCR. The study allowed the identification of a sub set of photostable compounds, biocompatible and their optimal range of concentrations in preventing UVA mediated damage. In particular the identification of most promising combinations represent a first step toward the development of novel formulation for the cosmetic industry. The project was supported by ACRAF Angelini SpA and Regione Marche within the EUREKA project.
LATINI, SILVIA. "Metilazione e cambiamenti di espressione delle LINE1 associati alla senescenza replicativa delle cellule endoteliali umane e dei fibroblasti dermici". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/292113.
Texto completoAging is characterized by a morpho-functional adaptation, variably affecting major physiological systems, depending on a complex interaction between genetic, environmental and stochastic factors. One of the main challenge of the research on aging is to explain how cellular mechanisms can affect the complex phenomena observed during organismal aging. In this framework, a better understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the acquisition of the senescent phenotype, could help to underpinn the key features of aging process and age-related diseases development. We firstly analysed DNA methylation status of genome in young and senescent endothelial cells (HUVECs). This analysis hightlighted that senescent HUVECs were characterizated by increased levels od demethylated sequences, located in regions with low gene density. Since genomic regions with mild-low gene density could be enriched of retrotransportable elements (TEs), both short (SINE) and long interspersed elements (LINE), that can contribute to genomic instability via retrotransposition and induction of double strand breaks. TEs activation could be a molecular mechanisms promoting or affecting cellular senescence. Based on this assumption, we studied TEs activation in two different cell types, such as endothelial cells (HUVECs) and fibroblasts (NHDF). We focused our analysis on some LINE subfamily, such as L1PA2, and on some SINE subfamily, like Alu, that require L1 ORF2 protein for the retrotrasposition. The analysis of the RNA expression revealed a significant increase of both Alu and ORF2 in senescent HUVEC and NHDF. Since an increase in TEs copies in the nucleus could indicate an increase of the integrated sequences, while an increased amount of TEs DNA in the cytoplasm should indicate an increase in the retrotransscription process, which proceeds through a cDNA intermediate, we analysed also the cellular localization of the ssDNA derived from retrotrasposable activity. Significant reduction of DNA sequences of L1PA2, Alu and ORF2 was observed in the nuclear fractions of senescent HUVECs, whereas in NHDF nucler fraction of senescent cells only a significant reduction of L1PA2 was observed. Interestingly, a significant increased of DNA sequences derived from Alu, ORF2 and even L1PA2 was observed in the cytoplasmatic fractions, both in HUVEC and NHDF cells. The increased amount of L1PA2 cDNA sequences not associated with increased mRNA, suggests a complex mechanism in the retrotrascription of TEs in senescent cells. Finally, the increased amount of cytoplasmatic nucleic acids derived from TEs in senescent cells should contribute to activate the cytoplasmic sensors inducing antivilar response and INF1 synthesis. Surprisingly, senescent NHDF showed increased INF1 expression, as predicted, whereas in senescent HUVECs INF1 expression was not significantly modulated. This result, suggest that some cell types, i.e. endothelial cells, could be “tolerant” during senescence to the increased amount of misplaced cytosolic nucleic acids, becoming more susceptible to viral infections.
D'Amici, Sirio. "Regolazione dell’espressione del Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 umano". Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917393.
Texto completoNOTO, Antonio. "CYCLICAL MECHANICAL STRETCH OF FOETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST". Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/95358.
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