Literatura académica sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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Omotosho, Olayinka, Adebayo Oke, Azarel Uthman, Adekunle Atta, and Emmanuel Ezaka. "Development of a manually operated organic and inorganic fertiliser applicator for smallholder farmers." Research in Agricultural Engineering 67, No. 2 (June 25, 2021): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/39/2020-rae.
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This paper reports the design, fabrication and testing of a low-cost PVC-based manual fertiliser applicator (MFA) for the placement of granular and powdery fertilisers (organic and inorganic) at a required soil depth and plant spacing. The MFA consists of a spring-loaded trigger mechanism, a connecting tube and a knapsack plastic tank for the fertiliser storage, holding between 8.0–12.0 kg of fertiliser depending on the fertiliser's characteristics. The MFA was tested using four common fertilisers (NPK, SSP, Urea and organic manure) at different fertiliser moisture contents (3, 4, 5 and 6% w.b.). The results reveals that the MFA performed effectively in the fertiliser's discharges although it was significantly affected by the moisture content and fertiliser type. However, the MFA performed optimally when the moisture content was not above 4% (w.b.) giving optimal discharge values of 3.82, 3.45, 1.88 and 1.70 g per application for the NPK, SSP, urea, and pulverised organic fertilisers, respectively, at 4–7 cm application depths. Operators can, however, effectively determine the depth of placement and the number of applications during use based on agronomic recommendations.
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Ansari, Arbiya Naseem, and Prof Zeba Sheereen. "An Analysis of Fertiliser Subsidies in India." Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance 6, no. 12 (December 5, 2022): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2022.v06i12.001.
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This article examines total fertiliser use in India as well as the distribution of fertiliser subsidies granted by the Indian government to its farmers. The paper primarily studies the consumption of fertilisers (NPK) from 1950-51 to 2020-21. However, the information related to the distribution of fertiliser subsidies covers the period from 1980–1981 to 2021–2022. The author further went on to analyze the fertilizer subsidy distribution concerning the agricultural GDP and the overall GDP figures of the nation to get an idea of the effectiveness of investment on the fertilizer subsidies in India.
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RZĄŻEWSKA, Emilia, and Barbara GĄSIOROWSKA. "GRAIN YIELD AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SPRING TRITICALE PLANTS AS AFFECTED BY CULTIVAR AS WELL AS MULTINUTRIENT FERTILISER TYPE AND RATE." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica 367, no. 66 (June 28, 2023): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/aapz2023.66.2.6.
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A field experiment was conducted in Borki-Wyrki, Zbuczyn Gmina (commune), from 2017 to 2019. The objective was to assess yield performance and morphological characteristics of two spring triticale cultivars as affected by multi-nutrient fertiliser type and rate, the fertilisers being Polifoska 6 and Polifoska Krzem. Three experimental factors were tested: spring triticale cultivar – Milewo and Dublet, mineral fertiliser type – Polifoska 6 and Polifoska Krzem, and mineral fertiliser rate –0 kg∙ha−1, 140 kg∙ha−1, 280 kg∙ha−1, 420 kg∙ha−1. Spring triticale plant development and yield performance were significant affected by experimental factors, that is cultivar, fertiliser type and rate, were shown to influence these characteristics. Superior yields were produced by cv. Dublet compared with cv. Milewo. Cultivars fertilised with Polifoska Krzem produced higher grain yields than Polifoska 6. An increase in fertiliser rate was followed by higher grain yields. Spring triticale cultivar as well as multi-nutrient fertiliser type and rate significantly affected ear length. Significantly longer ears were developed by cv. Milewo. Longer ears were developed by cereal plants fertilised with Polifoska 6. Similarly, higher fertiliser rates had a beneficial effect on ear length. Fertiliser rate contributed to a significant increase in plant height compared with unamended control. Cv. Milewo plants were significantly higher than cv. Dublet plants.
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Dedu, La Ode Arfan, Hartina Batoa, La Ode Alwi, Abdul Gafaruddin, Hadi Sudarmo, La Ode Kasno Arif, and La Ode Jabuddin. "NILAI TAMBAH DAN KEUNTUNGAN USAHA PUPUK ORGANIK MAJU JAYA DI DESA ALEBO KECAMATAN KONDA KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN." Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat 3, no. 4 (December 21, 2023): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56189/jippm.v3i4.46792.
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Cow manure converted into organic fertiliser is of good quality and has a high sales value. The use of faeces and urine as organic fertiliser is very beneficial, especially for soil fertility, and provides the necessary nutrients for plants. The village of Alebo has a majority of farmers, so fertilizer is the main need for the management of crops such as rice, maize, sweet potato, beans and other crops, as well as in the surrounding village communities, which also have a majority of rice fields and are farmers. Urban communities also need fertilizers to fertilize ornamental plants in their gardens. The processing of cow dung into organic fertiliser in Alebo village, Konda sub-district, is one of the areas affected by the covid-19 virus pandemic, so it is important to analyse the added value and benefits of organic fertiliser production. The objective of this study is to analyze the added value and benefits of organic fertilizer manufacturing activities after the covid-19 pandemic in Alebo village, Konda sub-county. This study should serve as a demonstration tool for other districts or surrounding villages that have not yet converted cow dung into organic fertilizer, as well as a training forum for farmers/ranchers in agricultural areas to integrate agriculture and livestock production in synergy in the same area to support the realization of food self-sufficiency. The results showed that value added and profits generally declined before the covid-19 programme and that while the covid-19 programme actually led to a decline in activity, the post-covid-19
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Arbačauskas, Jonas, Zigmas Jonas Vaišvila, Gediminas Staugaitis, Lina Žičkienė, Aistė Masevičienė, and Donatas Šumskis. "The Influence of Mineral NPK Fertiliser Rates on Potassium Dynamics in Soil: Data from a Long-Term Agricultural Plant Fertilisation Experiment." Plants 12, no. 21 (October 27, 2023): 3700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12213700.
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A fertilisation experiment, with the aim to determine the effects of different potassium fertiliser rates and their interactions with nitrogen and phosphorus on field-rotation productivity, potassium balance, fertiliser utilization, and changes in the content of potassium in soil, was carried out in Lithuania between 1971 and 2020. The multi-factorial scheme with 45 treatment plots, where seven rates (including zero) of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilisers were studied. The experimental treatments during the study period were carried out on winter wheat, spring wheat, spring barley, sugar beet, spring rapeseed, and annual and perennial grasses. It was found that potassium fertilisers were the most effective on agricultural crops when used in combination with other major plant nutrients—i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus. The required balance of potassium (K2O) in the soil was measured, when nitrogen and phosphorus fertilisers were applied together to compensate for potassium removal; when applying low nitrogen (N) (72 kg ha−1) and phosphorus (P2O5) (64 kg ha−1) fertiliser rates, 128 kg ha−1 of potassium fertilisers are required. When using high nitrogen (180 kg ha−1) and phosphorus (160 kg ha−1) fertiliser rates, 160 kg ha−1 of potassium is needed. The highest potassium uptake, reaching 51.6%, was achieved when plants had been fertilised with nitrogen (108 kg ha−1), phosphorus (96 kg ha−1), and potassium (96 kg ha−1). When fertilising with potassium fertilisers alone, the content of plant-available K2O content in the soil increased, whereas with fertilisation with nitrogen and phosphorus combined K2O content is decreased, except in the plots where the plants had been fertilised with potassium fertiliser at rates of 128 kg ha−1 and higher. Due to the influence of fertilisers, the amount of non-exchangeable potassium in the soil also increased, but relatively little compared to the amount of available potassium content. Thus, one of the main conditions for the effective use of potassium fertilisers is ensuring optimal plant nutrition with other nutrition elements, especially nitrogen and phosphorus.
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Mwafulirwa, Samuel. "Evaluation of Mbeya Based Organic Fertilizer on Maize Yield and Yield Components in Malawi." Asian Plant Research Journal 11, no. 2 (April 13, 2023): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2023/v11i2208.
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The recent boom in organic business in the name of Mbeya manure fertilizer has taken shape in commercialisation without government approval as several implications were at stake. Laboratory and field experiments were, therefore, conducted to ascertain the quality of the products with and without modifications. The original products, as proclaimed by suppliers, were evaluated against the control treatment of inorganic fertilizer and the modified products by the inclusion of specific microorganisms in solubilisation of fixed nutrients and oxidation of ammonia and nitrite. Field layout followed a Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications and 5 treatments viz Modified Funani Mbeya fertilizer, Modified Kambeu Mbeya fertilizer, Original Funani Mbeya fertilizer, Original Kambeu Mbeya fertilizer and the recommended inorganic fertilizer for Maize. Besides assessing the grain yield, biomass and nutrient bioavailability, the effect of the organic fertiliser on biostimulation was also studied in the rhizospheric soil. Results showed that there were no significant differences in grain yield and its components between Mbeya based organic fertilisers and inorganic fertilisers. However, maize yield and some parameters (environmental and nutrient content) were higher in modified organic fertiliser.
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El-Mogy, Mohamed M., Suzy M. Abdelaziz, Abdel Wahab M. Mahmoud, Tarek R. Elsayed, Noha H. Abdel-Kader, and Mohamed I. A. Mohamed. "Comparative Effects of Different Organic and Inorganic Fertilisers on Soil Fertility, Plant Growth, Soil Microbial Community, and Storage Ability of Lettuce." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 66, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 87–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0009.
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AbstractThe current study was conducted to assess whether organic fertilisation could replace mineral fertilisation in lettuce production without adverse effects on yield, quality, and postharvest behaviour. The effect of either mineral or organic fertiliser on soil fertility or the microbial community was also studied. Control plots were fertilised with recommended rates of mineral fertiliser (150: 45: 65 kg/ha NPK) and the other treatments were 15 t/ha compost, 10 t/ha rabbit manure, and 10 t/ha chicken manure. Our results indicated that all sources of organic fertiliser significantly increased total nitrogen, organic carbon, total fungi, and bacteria contents of soils compared with mineral fertiliser. Rabbit and chicken manure fertilisers resulted in a significant increase in yield. Compared with conventional fertiliser and other organic treatments, plots receiving rabbit manure showed a lower weight loss and microbial load on fresh lettuce head. Moreover, rabbit manure significantly reduced polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity. Hence, these results suggest that rabbit manure fertiliser could be an alternative to conventional production without significant reduction in yield and with low enzymatic browning and better storability.
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Magdalena, Jastrzębska, Kostrzewska Marta, Treder Kinga, Makowski Przemysław, Saeid Agnieszka, Jastrzębski Wiesław, and Okorski Adam. "Fertiliser from sewage sludge ash instead of conventional phosphorus fertilisers?" Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 10 (October 15, 2018): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/347/2018-pse.
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Recycling of phosphorus (P) from municipal waste for the use as a fertiliser can be an alternative to the non-renewable resources of this element as well as a method in the management of civilisation by-products that are a burden to the environment. An innovative phosphorus suspension fertiliser, produced on the basis of ash from incineration of sewage sludge and phosphorus solubilising bacteria Bacillus megaterium was compared in field trials with spring wheat conducted in 2014 and 2015 with superphosphate and phosphorite. The new fertiliser was not inferior to the commercial fertilisers in terms of the effect on wheat yield volumes, the uptake of P by wheat and the sanitary condition of the wheat field, especially when grown protected from weeds, pathogens and pests. It is expected that such a fertiliser can be an alternative to fertilisers produced from non-renewable resources, provided it does not deteriorate the quality of agricultural production and will be safe for the environment.
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Al-Khalidi, Alyaa M. A., and Luma S. J. Al-Taweel. "The Effect of Organic and Biofertilizers on Carbon and Nitrogen of Biomass in Soil Seasoned with Broccoli." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1371, no. 8 (July 1, 2024): 082008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1371/8/082008.
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Abstract The purpose of this experiment is to examine the impact of organic fertilisers and biofertilizers on the carbon and nitrogen biomass during the blooming and full maturity stages in broccoli-planted soil. The experiment was conducted in a field in the Al-Nouriya district of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate in 2023, on a clay-silty soil mixture. The researchers used a Randomised Complete Blocked Design for the factorial experiment. (R.C.B.D) with three replicates. The first factor included the addition of biological fertilizers (Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria and Trichoderm harzianum fungi) which coded by (F, B) respectively, while the second factor is addition of organic fertilizer with one level (10 tons ha−1) (Yellow corn cobs, rice straw, and wheat waste) which coded (O1, O2, O3) respectively. The third factor included adding two levels of seaweed extract (20 and 40) kg ha−1, coded (A1 and A2) respectively, in addition to the comparison treatment. (Without adding fertilizer). During the maturity and blooming stages, the fertiliser combination (FO2) had the highest value of biomass carbon at 221.1 and 248.6 mg C kg soil−1, respectively, indicating that the additional fertilisers significantly affected biomass carbon and nitrogen. During the blooming stage, the nitrogen content of the soil reached 71.02 mg N kg−1, while at full maturity, it reached 91.47 mg N kg−1, all thanks to the fertiliser combination (BO2).
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Konovalov, S. N., and V. V. Bobkova. "Efficiency of mineral and organomineral fertiliser systems for column-like apple trees on sod-podzolic soil." Horticulture and viticulture, no. 1 (March 24, 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2022-1-21-30.
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Currently, biologized systems of land use and cultivation of agricultural crops based on the application of biological methods of plant protection, organic and organomineral fertilizer systems are becoming more widespread in various branches of crop production, including industrial horticulture. At present, in various fields of crop research, including industrial horticulture, biological land use and cropping systems based on biological plant protection methods, organic and organomineral fertiliser systems, have increasingly been used. The fertilisation of the column-like apple tree, dramatically different in its parameters and characteristics of physiological development from the apple tree with a conventional crown, has been insufficiently studied. The specific biological fertiliser systems for column-like apple trees should be developed. It is necessary to define doses, forms, periods, methods of mineral and organic fertiliser application into particular soil and weather conditions of cultivation, which will ensure stable fruiting of column-like varieties, high performance of plants, commercial and consumer qualities and environmental safety of fruits, beneficial for human health. The present work established the influence of mineral and organomineral fertiliser systems on plant performance and fruit quality of column-like apple-tree cultivated on sod-podzolic soils. The research objects included the Triumph, President, Valyuta and Ostankino column-like apple varieties, organic and mineral fertilisers. The research was carried out in 2016-2020 in the field agrochemical experiment at the Demonstration Garden of FSBSO ARHCBAN (Moscow region) on the sod-podzolic soil having medium loamy particle-size distribution. The experiment included 4 groups: 1) control without fertilisers, 2) N90K90, 3) 100 t/ha of organic fertilisers, 4) N90K90 + 100 t/ha organic fertilisers. Mineral fertilisers (Na, Kc) were applied annually; organic fertiliser (bedding horse manure and sawdust) was applied in 2014. The performance measurements, plant biometrics and analyses of plant samples were carried out following the standard methods. The influence of mineral and organomineral fertiliser systems on plant performance and fruit quality of column-like apple trees growing on sod-podzolic soil showed varietal specificity and diversity, depending on the variety. The Valyuta variety was more sensitive to mineral fertilisers (plant performance improved by 22.1 % over the unfertilised control) than organic fertilisers (plant performance decreased by 14.3 % compared to the reference). Although the President variety reacted positively to the application of organic fertiliser (plant performance increased by 22.5 %), the apple mass per plant in this variety decreased by 9.0 % when mineral fertiliser was applied. Furthermore, the co-application of an additional fertiliser (organic or mineral, respectively) for Valyuta and President varieties reduced the plant performance. The Triumph variety showed a weak sensitivity to various forms of fertilisers; upon their coapplication, the plant performance of this variety decreased by 12.4 % relative to the unfertilised control. The Ostankino variety characterised by the highest plant performance (up to 5.5 kg/plant) showed low sensitivity towards each fertiliser; under their co-application, the plant performance increased by 14.6 % relative to the control.
Tesis sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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Muskolus, Andreas. "Anthropogenic plant nutrients as fertiliser." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15774.
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Nachhaltige Landbewirtschaftung impliziert ausgeglichene Pflanzennährstoffflüsse ohne die Abhängigkeit von Düngern aus nicht erneuerbaren Quellen. Stickstoff, Phosphor und Kalium aus der menschlichen Nahrung werden in Mitteleuropa im Allgemeinen in Schwemmkanalisationen gesammelt und dabei mit Schadstoffen vermengt. Neuartige stoffstromtrennende Sanitärsysteme ermöglichen die Bereitstellung von Humanurin und Fäkalien zur Verwendung als Düngemittel. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden praxisrelevante Aspekte der Verwendung von Düngemitteln anthropogener Herkunft untersucht. Die in Gefäß- und Feldversuchen in Berlin Dahlem ermittelte Ertragswirkung zeigte, dass Urin in dieser Hinsicht äquivalenten Mineraldüngern grundsätzlich gleichwertig ist. Bei sehr hohen Konzentrationen kam es abhängig von der Pflanzenart zu Depressionseffekten, welche vermutlich auf den Salz- und Ammoniumgehalt von Urin zurückzuführen sind. Unter Freilandbedingungen traten diese Effekte nicht auf. Bodenbiologische Auswirkungen von Düngerapplikationen sind entscheidend für die Abschätzung ihrer langfristigen Bodenfruchtbarkeitserhaltung. Sowohl in Labor-versuchen als auch im Freiland zeigten sich Regenwürmer durch menschlichen Urin aus Trenntoiletten deutlich beeinträchtigt. Die Ursache der Schädigung konnte nicht geklärt werden. Von einer langfristigen bodenfruchtbarkeitsreduzierenden Beein-trächtigung wird jedoch nicht ausgegangen. Mikrobielle Enzymaktivitäten im Boden wurden im Freiland durch Urinapplikation nicht beeinflusst. Für die Praxis wird empfohlen Urin während der Ausbringung einzuarbeiten, da die Tiere dann weniger mit der Flüssigkeit in Kontakt kommen. Da es ein umweltpolitisches Ziel ist, die Ammoniakemissionen der Landwirtschaft zu minimieren, wurden diese nach der Urinausbringung im Freiland gemessen. Auf Grund der sehr geringen Trockensubstanzgehalte von Humanurin emittierte deutlich weniger NH3 als üblicherweise nach Ausbringung von Schweine- oder Rindergülle. Verbraucherumfragen bestätigten eine hohe Bereitschaft pflanzliche Nahrung, welche mit Urin als Dünger erzeugt wurde, zu kaufen und zu verzehren. Praktizierende Landwirte reagierten dagegen deutlich reservierter. Die Ausbringung von Urin aus Trenntoiletten kann im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Landwirtschaft grundsätzlich empfohlen werden. Es besteht aber weiterer Forschungsbedarf.<br>Sustainable agriculture implies balanced nutrient flows and independence from fertiliser made from non renewable resources. In Europe, plant nutrients excreted by humans are commonly collected in water borne sewage systems and thus mixed with potentially harmful substances. Novel segregating sanitation techniques can collect separated urine and faeces in a form which enables their use as fertiliser. In the presented thesis selected aspects concerning the use of anthropogenic plant nutrients relevant to farming were investigated. Pot and field experiments indicated that equal yields can be gained if urine instead of mineral fertiliser is applied. Very high concentrations of urine led to reduced growth, presumably caused by the presence of ammonium or salt. However, this was not found under field conditions. Soil biological effects caused by the application of a fertiliser must be considered when assessing its long term contribution to soil fertility. Laboratory experiments as well as field investigations showed that human urine application severely affects earthworms, however, the harmful components were not identified. The results suggest that the effect is of short term only. Soil microbial enzyme activities were not influenced by urine fertiliser. For farming practice it is recommended to inject or incorporate urine to prevent earthworms from coming into direct contact with the infiltrating fertiliser. Gaseous ammonia loss was measured after urine application on fields as reducing harmful emissions from agriculture is a goal of European environmental policy. Because of the very low Dry Matter contents of urine, far less ammonia was emitted to the atmosphere than usually occurs after application of cattle or pig slurry. A consumer acceptance study showed a general high public willingness to accept urine as fertiliser even if used on crops for food production. The reaction of farmers was mainly reserved as a result of the present legal regulations in Germany. Within the context of sustainable agriculture the use of human urine as fertiliser can be recommended. Further research is necessary, especially concerning any effects resulting from residues of pharmaceutical substances contained in human excreta.
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Schlapp, Julia Emily, and julia schlapp@rmit edu au. "Modelling Fertiliser Use in the Glenelg Hopkins Catchment." RMIT University. Mathematics and Geospatial Science, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090602.144534.
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The improvement of water quality in the streams of the Glenelg Hopkins catchment is a priority of the Glenelg Hopkins regional strategy. A major source of water pollution in the region is linked to agricultural activities as high nutrient levels from runoff have the potential to increase the incidence of blue-green algae in the waterways. Land use change, reduced rainfall, more frequent extreme rainfall events and higher temperatures associated with climate change are likely to exacerbate this trend. Water testing data of the Total Phosphorus (TP) levels in the Hopkins River and at other sites within the Hopkins Catchment indicate increasing incidence of TP above the Environment Protection Authority's target levels for extended periods of each year. Earlier research indicated that phosphorus in runoff increases when pasture fertility increases and that fertiliser management practices should be considered as an element of preventative action for reducing nutrient pollution. During our research, a survey was undertaken in the Hopkins River catchment, to determine the current management of phosphorus (P) fertilisers on grazing and mixed enterprise farms, the attitude of farmers to natural resource management and their understanding of nutrient pollution. The survey also gathered information on the way farmers made fertiliser management decisions. If cooperation relating to phosphorus fertiliser application could be facilitated between groups of farmers, it may be possible to reduce nutrient runoff into the Hopkins waterways. Cooperative game theory has successfully been used worldwide in the resolution of environmental problems where there is an economic impact to the decision making process. In this project, the amount of phosphorus applied per hectare was used in a cooperative game theory model assessing the potential for cooperative action on phosphorus management by groups of farmers, based on the trade off between the economic cost of pollution to the region waterways and the economic production benefits to the individual. The outcome of this work was individual optimal strategies for fertiliser application, allowing individual farmers to reduce their impact of agricultural production on the health of the catchment. Involving the farmer groups, while undertaking the project, raised awareness amongst the farming population of the regional nutrient pollution caused by runoff from agricultural land, and enlisted their assistance towards adopting a cooperative approach to the problem. In addition, the results have been mapped using a Geographical Information System (GIS) for visual presentation and to demonstrate the use of this process in natural resource management with the farmer groups.
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Kirkpatrick, T. "Fertiliser formulations to maximise nitrogen efficiency on grassland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398096.
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O'Connell, Kathleen Ann. "Environmentally sustainable fertiliser nitrogen management practices for pasture production." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426720.
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Sweet, Nina. "Temperature, grass growth and the timing of fertiliser application." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316992.
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Jamieson, Nicola. "Competition between roots and soil micro-organisms for fertiliser N." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU548165.
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Low fertiliser recoveries are often found for temperate coniferous forests and appear to be associated with the 'locking-up' of residual fertiliser N in stable organic forms. This phenomenon may well be caused by strong microbial immobilisation, out competing uptake by tree roots. This thesis investigates root/microbe competition for fertiliser-derived N (FDN) in microcosms of coniferous forest soil (supporting Sitka spruce seedlings) as well as in re-seeded blanket peat (supporting a mixed grass pasture). Combinations of selective microbial inhibitors, both with and without either 15N-labelled urea or NH4NO3, were applied to microcosms to selectively inhibit target microbial groups which may be competing with roots for FDN and determine the role of microbial immobilisation as a mechanism controlling N flow to seedlings/herbage. The dynamics of FDN novement into microcosm N pools was also studied in microcosms to which 15N-labelled urea was applied alone. At harvest, plant and soil N pools were analysed for 15N and total N (15 N &'43 14N). The impact of biocide and fertiliser N treatments on concentrations of target and non-target soil organisms were also determined. Biocidal (benlate and to a lesser extent streptomycin) inhibition of soil micro-organisms (particularly fungi) increased the uptake of both urea-derived N and NH4O3 N by Sitka spruce seedlings. Increases were associated with reduced percentages of FDA active hyphae and concentrations of FDN immobilised in the microbial biomass of LFH layer and peaty mineral soil. The results suggest that roots were competing with soil microbes for both fertiliser N forms. In conclusion this study has demonstrated the role of microbial biomass, particularly the dominant fungal component as a major competitive sink for fertiliser N and a major factor contributing to the low efficiency of fertiliser N in temperate coniferous forests. The study also has identified selective biocidal manipulation as a powerful technique for characterising competition between roots and microbes for nutrients in soil.
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Lodge, Timothy Andrew. "The construction, irrigation and fertiliser nutrition of UK golf greens." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1994. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/553/.
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A field trial was established of a mixed grass sward grown on three types of golf green construction. These consisted of a topsoil, a sand, peat and soil mixture, and a pure sand. Experimental treatments applied were three levels of irrigation, five of nitrogen fertiliser and two of phosphate. The trial was maintained as a golf green, and artificial wear was applied. Soil moisture deficit predictions by the Meteorological Office conformed with measurements from the soil construction, but the sand-based construction types showed higher deficits. The overall rate of evapotranspiration was around 65 % of predicted values. Pore structure of the sand-based rootzones changed slowly over time, but water infiltration rates fell markedly. The soil constructions showed a reduction in the proportion of larger pore spaces in the top of the profile, and infiltration rates were consistently low. Plant death was associated with both high and low rates of nitrogen fertiliser, low rates of irrigation, and was especially apparent on the sand constructions not receiving phosphate fertiliser. Ingress of the weed species Poa annua (L.) occurred mainly on the soil constructions and its rate of ingress was enhanced by increased nitrogen input. Golf ball roll and various aspects of their behaviour after impact onto the turf with simulated 5-iron flight characteristics were measured. Roll length declined with increasing fertiliser rate. Hard greens produced long, high bounces and shallow pitch marks. High rates of both irrigation and nitrogen produced deeper pitchmarks and were associated with the tendency of balls to "screw back". A multivariate method of classifying the quality of golf greens on the basis of a small number of objective measurements was developed. The classes of greens derived were described in terms of their average visual merit, green "speed", bail behaviour after impact, and the treatment factors which they had received.
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Rose, Terry. "Deep-placed phosphate fertiliser improves phosphorus uptake and seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.) in a Mediterranean-type climate." University of Western Australia. Dept. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0237.
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In Mediterranean-type climates, topsoil frequently dries out during spring. Problems associated with reduced nutrient (P, K) availability in dry topsoil may be overcome by placing fertilisers deeper in the soil, where the soil is more likely to remain moist for longer periods as opposed to conventional fertiliser placement. Deep-P placement has resulted in significant yield improvements for lupin crops in Mediterranean environments because lupin crops generally require soil P supply during spring (throughout the flowering stage); in contrast, wheat yields have seldom improved with deep P placement, presumably because plants have accumulated sufficient P prior to spring (grain filling stage) for maximum grain yields. The P and K accumulation patterns of canola had not been investigated, and therefore any potential yield benefits of deep placed fertilisers were unknown. This study aimed to define the P and K demands of canola throughout the growing season, and assess the viability of deep placement of fertiliser in matching soil P and K supply to crop demand. The study further investigated the impact of deep placement of P fertiliser on root growth and distribution throughout the soil profile. Initial glasshouse studies compared the P and K accumulation patterns of several canola cultivars with wheat, and found that the P and K demand of canola continued until later into the season than wheat, but there was little difference in the P and K accumulation patterns of the various canola cultivars. Further experiments in sand culture determined that regardless of the level of K supply, canola plants had accumulated sufficient K for maximum seed yields by early flowering. Under high P supply, canola plants had accumulated enough P for maximum seed yields by early flowering, but when P supply during vegetative growth was just adequate, plants required a continual P supply until mid silique-filling to attain maximum yields. Because plants had accumulated sufficient K for maximum seed yields by early flowering (therefore topsoil drying in spring was unlikely to affect yields), further field experiments examined only deep placement of P fertiliser to improve P uptake and yields.
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Jinadasa, N., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Agriculture Faculty, and School of Horticulture. "Cadmium effects on vegetables : production, physiology and biochemistry." THESIS_FSTA_HOR_Jinadasa_K.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/456.
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Cadmium (Cd) is absorbed through the lungs and the digestive tract; however, for most human non-smokers, the major route of Cd entry into the body is by ingestion. Perhaps 5% of ingested Cd is absorbed and once absorbed, Cd accumulates mostly in the liver and kidneys, where it can cause a variety of health problems. This applies equally to grazing stock. The major entry point of Cd into the food chain is therefore uptakes of traces of Cd by crop plants. This thesis focuses on Cd in vegetables. The study was conducted in an Australian context, where geogenic Cd contributions to soils are typically low. Most of the Cd in soils on Australian vegetable farms originates from materials added to boost crop production. Phosphate fertilisers were and remain the dominant Cd source. Most Australian soils are P-deficient and high rates of P fertiliser are essential for successful vegetable cropping. The P fertilisers used throughout Australia were formerly made from guano deposits mined on Pacific Islands. These contained high percentages of Cd. Current rock sources contain lower Cd concentrations. Studies showed that all the vegetable samples which contained excessive Cd concentrations were leafy vegetables, including cabbage, lettuce, silverbeet, parsley and bok choy. Cadmium impaired photosynthesis; reduced dry weight of the whole plant; slowed leaf elongation rate; decreased the length of fully expanded leaves; slowed the rate at which new leaves appeared; and altered foliar concentrations of Zn, Mn, Cu, Ca and S. These profound changes affected all parts of the plant; consequently, Cd did not affect the proportion of dry weight partitioned to the roots, stems and leaves.<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Smaill, Joshua Ballantyne. "Geochemical variations in glauconitic minerals : application as a potassium fertiliser resource." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10407.
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Nutrients for plant growth are often limited in soil systems and additions are required in the form of fertiliser. Potassium is an essential macro-nutrient for plants and demands for K are expected to increase in the future. Glaucony is an abundant marine mineral which may provide an alternative K-rich fertiliser resource. The South Island of New Zealand contains deposits of glaucony-rich rocks which were deposited in the Early- to Mid-Cenozoic during periods of low sedimentation to the seafloor. Here, the geochemistry of glaucony from the Waitaki Basin (Otago), the Waipara Greensand (North Canterbury) and the Stoney Creek Limestone (Karamea) was examined using spatially resolved geochemical analysis and dissolution experiments. Grain-by-grain analysis using Laser Ablation Induction Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrscopy (LA-ICP-MS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM + EDS) revealed that glaucony from all deposits were of the mature type and were enriched in K. Glaucony derived from growth inside faecal pellets was found to contain elevated K and Fe concentrations compared to bioclast hosted glaucony. These variations can be explained by the physical properties of host grains and sea-floor redox conditions at the time of precipitation, both of which increased ionic mobility into the zone of glauconitisation. Solubility analysis showed that K^{+}
was released from glaucony more rapidly than any other element. Additionally, decreasing the pH and introducing an oxidising agent (i.e, birnessite which is ubiquitous in soil environments) accelerated K^{+}
release 13-fold. Trace metals including Cr, Zn, Cu and Ni were present in the solid phase analysis, however further investigation revealed that these elements were released into solution in low concentrations and may present a source of micro-nutrients, not a soil contaminant. These results suggest that glaucony may offer a source of slow releasing K fertiliser, and the South Island of New Zealand is ideally situated as a place to consider using glaucony as a locally sourced, environmentally sustainable K resource for agriculture.
Libros sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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FAI Seminar (2009 Hyderabad, India). Fertiliser policy for sustainable agriculture. New Delhi: Fertiliser Association of India, 2009.
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Uganda. Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry, and Fisheries, ed. National fertiliser policy. Kampala: Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, 2016.
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Agriculture, Malawi Ministry of, ed. National fertiliser policy. Lilongwe: Ministry of Agriculture, 2021.
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Association, Fertiliser Manufacturers. Fertiliser review: The official journal of the Fertiliser Manufacturers Association. London: The Association, 1988.
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Association, Fertiliser Manufacturers. Fertiliser review: The official journal of the Fertiliser Manufacturers Association. London: The Association, 1989.
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Association, Fertiliser Manufacturers. Fertiliser review: The official journal of the Fertiliser Manufacturers Association. London: Fertiliser Manufacturers Association, 1987.
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Sailaja, K. Fertiliser imports of India. Allahabad, India: Chugh Publications, 1991.
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Subramaniyan, G. Fertiliser demand in India. New Delhi: Classical Pub. Co., 1994.
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Majumdar, Anupam. The Indian fertiliser industry. New Delhi: ICRA Limited, 2000.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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Pagett, Richard. "Fertiliser Dependency." In Building Global Resilience in the Aftermath of Sustainable Development, 29–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62151-7_5.
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Laksono, N. D., U. Setiawati, F. Nur, M. Rahmaningsih, Y. Anwar, H. Rusfiandi, B. P. Forster, E. H. Sembiring, A. S. Subbarao, and H. Zahara. "Fertiliser programmes." In Nursery practices in oil palm: a manual, 55–61. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242140.0055.
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Hariprasad, Durgasi, Harish Chandra Singh, Pranab Bhattacharyya, and Ranjit Singh Chugh. "Fertiliser Plant Phosphogypsum." In Circular Economy in the Construction Industry, 103–10. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003217619-14.
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Payer, Harald. "Fertiliser Production in Austria." In Green Industrial Restructuring, 217–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04419-3_13.
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Hernández, Natalia. "Variable rate fertiliser application." In Manuali – Scienze Tecnologiche, 20. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-044-3.20.
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In this topic, the principles of the modulation of the fertiliser dose (liters or kilograms put in the soil, per square meter) will be explained. Consequences on plant growth and final crop yield. Advantages and disadvantages of the application of such technologies, along with the electronics systems abroad the machinery, capable of performing such variable dosing will be presented.
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Antonkiewicz, Jacek, Agnieszka Baran, Tomáš Kopta, Tomáš Lošák, and Pavel Ryant. "From biowaste to fertiliser." In The Circular Bioeconomy, 322–53. London: Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003453529-14.
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Sheppard, Lucy J., and Håkan Wallander. "Atmospheric Nitrogen - Pollutant or Fertiliser?" In Plant Ecophysiology, 65–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2728-4_3.
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Willson, C. "Mineral Nutrition and Fertiliser Needs." In Coffee, 135–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6657-1_6.
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Rees, Robert M., Iain P. McTaggart, and Keith A. Smith. "Potential nitrogen availability and fertiliser recommendations." In Progress in Nitrogen Cycling Studies, 359–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5450-5_60.
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Praveen, K. V. "Indian Fertiliser Policy: Retrospect and Prospect." In Soil Science: Fundamentals to Recent Advances, 765–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0917-6_38.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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Marshall, Alan, John G. Baker, and David R. Evans. "Solving Problems Caused by Unusual Water Characteristics in a Fertiliser Plant Cooling Systems." In CORROSION 1987, 1–17. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87152.
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Abstract A large Fertiliser Plant has two cooling systems providing cooling for nitric acid and ammonia plants. One cooling system uses river water as make-up, whilst the other uses a blend of river water, clarified river water and process condensate. Historically the system using the blended water has always been difficult to treat and has experienced higher corrosion rates than the system using river water make-up. An investigation was carried out to evaluate the differences between the two systems, focussing particularly on water characteristics and the effects of contaminants introduced by the process condensate. The use of a low toxicity treatment incorporating a sulphonated - co-polymer dispersant was identified as an improved treatment programme for both systems and plant data comparing the use of this approach with that of a traditional zinc organic treatment are presented.
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Zhang, Yu, Gaoshan Bi, Simon Jeffery, Max Davis, Yang Li, Qing Xue, and Po Yang. "TMTCIL-st: Spatio-Temporal Tensor Multi-Task Continuous Incremental Learning for Multi-Fertiliser Management." In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), 1–8. IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icit63637.2025.10965303.
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Pilvere, Aija, Irina Pilvere, Ilze Upite, and Aleksejs Nipers. "EUROPEAN UNION FARM TO FORK STRATEGY: FERTILIZER USE REDUCTION POSSIBILITIES." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 511–20. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s21.64.
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In the European Union (EU), food production needs to become more sustainable and environmental-friendly. Farmers play a crucial role in sustainable agricultural practices on their farms because one of the goals of the EU Farm to Fork Strategy is to reduce nutrient losses by at least 50%, while ensuring that there is no deterioration in soil fertility, which could reduce fertilizer use by at least 20% by 2030. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to examine fertilizer consumption in EU Member States and to assess the impact of the potential fertilizer use reduction by at least 20% by 2030 on value of crop output. The research examined and analysed information on inorganic nitrogen fertilizer consumption in the EU and the Member States in 2016-2021, as such fertilizers account for 89% of the total consumption of mineral fertilizers in the EU. The research applied the monographic method, statistical data analysis and scenario development methods. In 2021 in the EU, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer consumption totalled 9.8 mln. tonnes, which was a 5% decrease compared with 2016. Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer consumption per ha utilized agricultural area, per ha arable land and per 1000 EUR value of crop output varied in EU Member States, which was affected by the composition of agricultural production, technologies applied and other factors. The research analysed a possibility to achieve the target set by the Farm to Fork Strategy � to reduce N fertilizer use by 20% by 2030 � through designing two scenarios. However, achieving this target would probably lead to a decrease in value of crop output. It would be desirable to set different rates of reduction of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers for the Member States, depending on the intensity and effectiveness of the previous use of nitrogen fertilizers.
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Varsha, Joshua O. Trevisanutto, and Gautam Das. "Detection of Gases at the Molecular Level." In Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference, W2A.4. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/laop.2024.w2a.4.
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Developing a low-power device using intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy to measure gases (e.g., ammonia) emitted from fertilized fields. An inventory of these gases will minimize the application of fertilizers and help to combat climate change.
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Karlsons, Andis, Anita Osvalde, and Laura Abolina. "EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON AMERICAN CRANBERRY CULTIVATION � MINERAL NUTRITION STATUS, PLANT VITALITY AND POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 229–36. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s13.28.
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The cultivation of American cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) with organic fertilizers is becoming more common in the world. With 180 ha of producing plantings and 376 tonnes of yearly production, Latvia is one of the largest cranberry producers in the world. The lack of knowledge on fertilization management can be an obstacle to a successful transition to organic farming. The objective of this study was to test the effect of organic fertilizer of animal origin on cranberry mineral nutrition status, plant vitality, vegetative growth and berry yield. Field experiments on cranberry cultivar Bergman were conducted during 2022-2023 in a commercial plantation established on cutover peat bog in Latvia. In the spring of both experimental years, cranberries received five levels (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 t ha-1) of certified pelleted organic fertilizer FERTIPLUS (4-3-3-65 OM). Two control treatments � without fertilizer and conventional fertilizer with Novatec Classic (12-8-16+3+TE) � were also established. The results showed that even the highest doses of organic fertilizer added in 2022 did not affect the nutrient content in the peat in 2023 at the beginning of vegetation, thus indicating a high release of plant-available nutrients in the first year. Nutrient release process occurred over a longer period than from conventional fertilizer, reaching maximum in August. Adjustment of the organic fertilization strategy is needed to account for the slow release pattern and synchronize with the cranberry growth phases. Thus, organic fertilizer can be successfully incorporated into the American cranberry fertilization plan for plantations in peat bogs with the optimal dose of 2-3 t ha-1.
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Bulgakov, Volodymyr, Adolfs Rucins, Ivan Holovach, Oleg Adamchuk, Aivars Aboltins, Hrihorii Zabolotnyi, Larysa Kolomiiets, and Svitlana Polishchuk. "Computer investigation of mineral fertiliser particle movement along centrifugal spreader disc inclined under angle to horizontal plane." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf109.
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Spreading of mineral fertilisers on the surface of the soil is the most widely used and effective way to increase the harvest of agricultural crops. The new construction of a centrifugal fertilizer spreading apparatus with the spreading disc the axis of which is inclined to the horizontal plane, developed by the authors, allows for essential increase of the distance of mineral fertiliser particles from leaving the blades of the disc. Nevertheless, the constructive peculiarities of the inclined spreading disc require comprehensive substantiation of the parameters of the disc and feeding mineral fertilisers from the feeder and the tank. The aim of the research is substantiation of the working width of the machine for mineral fertiliser spreading and productivity depending on the constructive and kinematic parameters, as well as the place where the mineral particles will be deposited on the surface of the spreading disc that is inclined at the angle to the horizon based on the performed computer analysis of movement of particles along the surface of the disc of the centrifugal spreader. The present research has been performed using the methods of modeling, theoretical mechanics and higher mathematics, as well as the methods of calculation, using graphs and computer modeling. Based on the mathematical model, previously developed by the authors, for spreading mineral fertiliser particles and the obtained differential equations of the movement of mineral fertiliser particles along the disc of the inclined under an angle to the horizontal plane working body and equations of the absolute movement of the particle leaving the disc of the working body, computer calculations are performed. The graphs of dependence of the absolute speed of mineral fertiliser particles leaving the disc of the working body on the time and the above mentioned parameters have been obtained, on which the distance of the mineral fertiliser particle after leaving the disc blade of the working organ is dependent. The angle speed of the disc and radius of feeding have higher influence on the relative speed of the particle leaving the blade. Rational values of the radius of the fertilizer supply do not exceed 0.5 of the radius of the disk of the fertilizer spreading working body. Changing the angle of the disc within 0°…40° does not influence the dispersion time of the particles and the values of the relative and absolute speed of particles leaving the blade. Rational disc inclination values to the horizontal plane are within 20° … 30°.
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Bulgakov, Volodymyr, Ivan Holovach, Oleg Adamchuk, Adolfs Rucins, and Aivars Aboltins. "Research in mineral fertiliser particle throwing distance from new centrifugal fertilizer spreader working tool." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf110.
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The produced mineral fertiliser spreaders have the working width and productivity that do not satisfy today’s requirements in high-technology agricultural production. It refers also to the distance the mineral fertiliser particle can reach. We have developed a new centrifugal fertilizer spreading working tool with an inclined axis of rotation. It allows for increased distance of mineral particles at centrifugal spreading. The aim of the present research is to determine the throwing distance of the mineral particle from the spreading disc inclined to the horizon. The analytical research has been performed using the methods of modeling, mechanics and mathematics, as well as methods of calculation and computer modeling. In the result of the theoretical research differential equations were obtained describing throwing of the mineral fertiliser particles from the blades and their further distance after leaving the working tool. In the result of calculations new graphical dependences have been obtained of the throwing time from the blades and the distance the particles of different mineral fertilisers can reach, in particular ammonium nitrate, depending on the frequency of the disc rotation, angles of inclination to the horizontal plane, radius of feeding the mineral fertiliser particles, coefficient of friction along the surface of the disc etc. The obatined new analytical expressions and the developed graphical dependences allowed for determination of the working tool parameters that ensure maximal distance of mineral fertiliser particles at centrifugal spreading. The performed experimental investigations proved the correctness of the theoretical research and showed increased throwing distance at the used improved parameters of the new centrifugal working tool.
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Dugalic, Marijana, Ljiljana Boškovic Rakočevic, Vera Rajicic, and Dragan Terzic. "UTICAJ NAČINA PRIMENE MINERALNIH ĐUBRIVA NA PRINOS KROMPIRA." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujeva, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.079d.
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This study showed the effect of different methods of application of mineral fertiliser rates on the yield of two potato cultivars grown under the agroenvironmental conditions of the Radočelo Mountain massif on a luvisol exhibiting rather favourable agrophysical and some what poorer agrochemical properties. In 2018 and 2019, a trial with potato cvs. ‘Arizona’ and ‘Esmee’ was established. Planned rates of mineral fertilisers (N200, P150, K150) were applied as two treatments: treatment 1 – fertiliser rates were ploughed in during autumn, and treatment 2 – one half of the planned rates was applied during seedbed preparation and the other half in-furrow at planting. The results showed that the treatment involving the application of one half of the fertiliser rate before planting, and the other half at planting resulted in higher total yields of both potato cultivars compared with the placement of the whole rate of fertilisers during deep ploughing in autumn.
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Bulgakov, Volodymyr, Semjons Ivanovs, Ivan Holovach, Oleg Adamchuk, Aivars Aboltins, Yevhen Ihnatiev, and Svitlana Polishchuk. "Theoretical determination of absolute speed of mineral fertiliser particles from centrifugal spreading disc." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf108.
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One of the main technological approaches for ensuring favourable conditions of growth and development of plants is depositing mineral fertilisers. The quality of it influences the soil fertility and harvest of agricultural crops. We have developed a new construction of the spreader working body, the axis of which is at the angle to the horizon. Theoretical and experimental research is conducted on the kinematic parameters of such working body. The aim of the present research is determination of the constructive and kinematic parameters that ensure maximal distance of spreading mineral fertiliser particles from the spreading disc with the angle to the horizontal plane. In the research the methods of modeling, theoretical mechanics and mathematics, as well as calculations and presentations of graphical dependences are used. The present article describes the obtained analitical expressions for determination of the absolute speed of mineral fertiliser particles from the spreader disc with an inclined working body, considering the initial speed of moving the aggregate for spreading mineral fertilisers on the surface. The mineral fertiliser particle absolute speed from the spreading disc of the working body is presented as a vector through its projection on the axis of specially developed system of Cartesian coordinates at a moment of time. Based on the obtained analytical expressions, graphical dependences are presented characterising the studied process. It is proved that at increasing the coefficient of friction of the mineral fertiliser particles from 0.1 to 0.7, the angle of the mineral fertiliser particles leaving the disc increases from 2 to 33 deg at the initial speed of movement of the aggregate 2 m·s-1 and from 2 to 37 deg at the initial speed 4 m·s-1. Therefore, some of the fertiliser particles will leave the disc at the agle bigger than the inclination of the disc to the horizontal plane within 20…30 deg. Changes of the angle speed of the disc rotation do not essentially influence changes of the angle of the fertiliser particles leaving the disc.
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JUCHNEVIČIENĖ, Aistė, and Ilona VAGUSEVIČIENĖ. "THE DYNAMICS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS IN WINTER WHEAT LEAVES WHEN USING NITROGEN FERTILISERS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.033.
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The paper investigates the effect of nitrogen fertilisers on the amount of photosynthetic pigments in winter wheat leaves. The research was carried out in the period between 2012 and 2013 at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University in carbonate shallow gleyic leached soil, (Calc(ar)i-Epihypogleyic Luvisol). The object of investigation: winter wheat cultivars ‘Zentos’ and ‘Ada’. Granular superphosphate (P60) and potassium chloride (K60) fertilisers were spread during sowing, while amonium nitrate (N60) was used in tillering time (BBCH 23–25), after the vegetative growth had resumed. Additionally, the plants were treated with foliar fertiliser urea solution: N30, N40 at booting stage (BBCH 34–36) and N15, N30 at milk ripening stage (BBCH 71–74). After the analysis of the data, it was established that additional fertilization with N30 and N40 fertiliser application rates at later stages of plant development stimulated the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and prolonged the period of active photosynthesis. Irrespective of treatment with nitrogen fertilisers, genetic properties of the cultivar also had influence on the accumulation of the pigments. Wheat cultivar ‘Zentos’ tended to accumulate larger amounts of pigments. The highest amounts of pigments were found at the beginning of milk ripening stage before additional treatment with N15, N30 fertiliser application rates.
Informes sobre el tema "Fertiliser"
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Philanthropy, Active Philanthropy. Philanthropy Brief: Nitrogen Fertiliser. Active Philanthropy, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.43399.
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Barnett, Symiah, and Jonathan Wentworth. The future of fertiliser use. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn710.
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Briones, Roehlano, Helena Luz Pastolero, and Ivory Myka Galang. Prospects for Widespread Adoption of Organic-Based Fertilizers in the Philippines: A Rapid Appraisal. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, December 2024. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2024.30.
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Modern conventional agriculture has relied heavily on inorganic fertilizers to achieve higher crop yields. However, concerns have arisen regarding its ecological and economic sustainability due to its impact on soil health, pollutants off-site, and recent surges in fertilizer prices. This paper reports on a rapid appraisal of the current state and potential expansion of organic fertilizer utilization and availability in the Philippines. The study finds that combining inorganic and organic-based fertilizers allows for a balanced realization of the advantages of each type. Government policies and programs promote both organic agriculture and balanced fertilization, although the budget is heavily skewed toward incentivizing farmer purchases of inorganic fertilizers. The policy implications of the study are: 1) Strengthen the National Organic Agriculture Program by (1) expanding the implementation of Participatory Guarantee Systems and b) aggressively rolling out organic labeling for packaged organic produce; (2) Review the regulatory system and competition oversight for organic fertilizers and biofertilizers; (3) Adopt a phased repurposing of fertilizer subsidies by gradually shifting the allocation from inorganic fertilizers to organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and area-based research and development to promote adaptive balanced fertilization strategy (BFS), including soil mapping of all agricultural land in the country; (4) Beyond research and development, the Department of Agriculture must invest heavily in extension services to promote the widespread adoption of adaptive BFS; (5) Implement a value chain program for the development of the biofertilizer and organic fertilizer industry; (6) Anchor the value chain program on support for commercial networks of private corporations and capacitated farmer organizations, coordinated with the distribution of organic fertilizer and biofertilizer vouchers; and (7) Integrate the value chain development of organic fertilizers and biofertilizers with the development of the livestock, poultry, and agro-processing industries.
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Mishra, Ashok K., Harold Glenn A. Valera, Takashi Yamano, and Valerien O. Pede. The Russian Invasion of Ukraine, Fertilizer Prices, and Food Security: Evidence from Rice-Producing Economies in Asia. Asian Development Bank, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps240233-2.
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Rice is a valuable crop for more than four billion people worldwide. Asia is the world’s leading rice producer. Rice cultivation depends largely on fertilizer use. The Russian invasion of Ukraine has led to a shortage of fertilizers and increased prices. The major rice-producing economies could therefore face a decline in output and higher rice prices. This study assesses the impact of higher fertilizer prices on rice production, consumption, trade and prices, and discusses the implications for major rice-producing economies in Asia.
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Dhakal, Rajendra, Shankar Neupane, Pragati Sipkhan, Kailash Bhatta, Oshin Sharma, and Ram Dev Shah. Vermiwash: A Low-Cost and Eco-Friendly Liquid Fertilizer. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), September 2024. https://doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1075.
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The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in Nepalese agriculture threatens crop production and environmental health, adversely impacting soil, water quality, and human health. In this context, vermiwash emerges as an effective, cost-efficient, and organic alternative. Derived from the interaction of water with earthworms and organic waste, vermiwash serves as a nutrient-rich liquid fertilizer that enhances soil health, promotes plant growth, and boosts crop yields. The process of making vermiwash involves a double filtration system, where organic materials, cattle dung, and earthworms are used to produce a liquid rich in essential nutrients and beneficial microorganisms. The nutrient composition of vermiwash is beneficial for various crops, including cauliflower, tomatoes, and leafy greens.
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Helwig, Karin, Olga Biosca, Emanuella Christensen, Michael Mikulewicz, Patrick Mugiraneza, and Liberata Mukamana. Climate Resilience Through Microfinance: Insights from Rwanda. Glasgow Caledonian University, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59019/ivkp2328.
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Research Topic: Smallholder farmers are highly sensitive to climate change impacts and often have limited means of recovering from or adapting to these. In Rwanda, microfinance products directed at farmers, available through farming or financial cooperatives, have mainly comprised of loans of seed and fertiliser, aimed at increasing yield but not specifically at increasing climate resilience. This project investigated farmers’ experiences with climate change and mitigation; vulnerabilities and exclusions; reverberations of rural climate change impacts in the urban areas of Kigali; opportunities for microfinance institutions (MFIs) to support climate adaptation beyond current products, and possibilities for widening access to climate-resilient solutions through financial inclusion for lower income and more vulnerable groups. Methods: Interviews (n=30), surveys (n=270), participatory mapping (n=3) and transect walks (n=3) were conducted with smallholder farmers (n=30) in three rural districts of Rwanda: Gisagara, Musanze and Ngoma. Participants were selected through initial contacts identified by Urwego Bank, the local MFI partner of Opportunity International, who funded this research project. Additional interviews were held with agricultural loans officers. Furthermore, 10 interviews were conducted with traders in agricultural produce in Kigali district. Finally, e-interviews (n=11) were held with stakeholders working in the field of financial inclusion, agriculture, development and climate change in Rwanda, to consider the way forward for microfinance as a tool for climate adaptation. The three rural districts comprise a range of climate vulnerabilities, in terms of the population’s income and age, infrastructure, agricultural sensitivity, and weather patterns.
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Brockhoff, Shane R., and Nick E. Christians. Turfgrass Fertilizer Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-201.
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Palmborg, Cecilia. Fertilization with digestate and digestate products – availability and demonstration experiments within the project Botnia nutrient recycling. Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.25rctaeopn.
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To increase our food security in Västerbotten we will need to become more self-sufficient of both energy, feed and nutrients that are now imported to the region. Biogas production from different waste streams is one solution to this. Biogas is produced using biowaste or sewage sludge as substrate in the major cities Umeå and Skellefteå. Biogas systems offer a range of benefits to society. Biogas production is currently prized for its climate benefits when replacing fossil fuels for the production of heat, electricity and vehicle gas, but at Bothnia Nutrient Recycling we have studied how to use the digestate, i.e. the residual product of production, as fertilizer in agriculture. We have been working to improve profitability for biogas producers and develop sustainable products from recycled nutrients, like phosphorus and nitrogen. Improving the uses for digestate increases self-sufficiency in agriculture and contributes to a circular economy. We conducted three agricultural demonstration experiments in collaboration with agricultural high schools in Finland and Sweden to introduce digestate and digestate products to the future farmers in the regions. We found that it may be possible to replace cattle slurry with compost when growing maize despite the low levels of nitrogen, N, available to plants in the compost. In barley, NPK fertilizers gave the highest yield. Digestate from HEMAB and sludge biochar supplemented with recycled ammonium sulphate gave a smaller yield but higher than unfertilized crop. Digestate from a dry digestion biogas plant in Härnösand was better suited to barley than to grass because in an experiment on grass ley the viscous fertilizer did not penetrate the grass and did not increase the growth of the grass. Fertilizer effects on crop quality were small. There was no increased uptake of heavy metals in barley after fertilization with digestate or digestate products compared to NPK fertilization. These demonstration experiments show that more thorough scientific experimentation is needed as a foundation for recommendations to farmers. The amounts of nitrogen and phosphorous in digestate from Västerbotten that could become used as fertilizer were modelled. It showed that if sewage sludge digestate is used to make sludge biochar and ammonium sulphate and the other available digestates are used directly in agriculture, the entire phosphorous demand but only a small part of the nitrogen demand in the county, could be covered. Thus, to achieve a true circular food production, development and increase of both the waste handling sector and agriculture is needed.
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Simelton, Elisabeth, Rachmat Mulia, Clement Rigal, Tuan Minh Duong, Phuong Mai Nguyen, Hanna North, and Xuan Hieu Le. Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21025.pdf.
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Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced. To challenge the mitigation perspective, we contrasted two hypothetical tree planting strategies: a mitigation (carbon finance) perspective and a livelihoods-centred (local) perspective and explored what a rapid, gender and social inclusion-oriented livelihoods perspective could bring to the process of tree selection. The survey documents indigenous knowledge of trees’ potential (dis)benefits in coffee agroforestry systems among 106 female and male arabica-growers in northwest Vietnam. The results display many similarities between women and men in term of perceived benefits from trees. Women and men prioritized trees based on their economic benefits, impacts on coffee production and improved soil fertility. However, in determining the preferred species, women considered more factors, including consequences for pest and disease (on host tree or coffee), microclimate regulation and shade provision. These findings resemble those by others from the same region and demonstrate that consulting both women and men can result in a more diverse shortlist of potential trees for agroforestry/afforestation that reflect both genders’ economic and labour contributions to the household. Furthermore, tree planting projects would benefit from seeking collaboration for bundled ecosystem services, rather than merely from carbon finance. Conversely, carbon investors can rely on farmers’ preferences and rest assured that they also contribute to sequestering carbon.
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Karacic, Almir, and Anneli Adler. Fertilization of poplar plantations with dried sludge : a demonstration trial in Hillebola - central Sweden. Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.2q9iahfphk.
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Wastewater sludge contains essential nutrients for plant growth and is frequently used as fertilizer in European agriculture. Sludge contains elevated concentrations of heavy metals, microplastics, and other substances that may pose potential risks to human health and the environment. Nevertheless, dried pelletized sludge emerges as a viable product for fertilizing short-rotation poplar plantations within a circular model, enabling nutrient recycling and converting waste into a valuable resource to enhance biomass production for different markets. In Hillebola, central Sweden, we demonstrated the application of dried pelletized sludge to pilot plantations with climate-adapted Populus trichocarpa clones. The trial was established in four blocks with four treatments three years after the poplar trees were planted. The treatments were: mineral NPK fertilizer + soil cultivation between poplar rows, dried pelletized sludge + soil cultivation, no fertilization + soil cultivation only, and control (no treatments). The effect of fertilization on poplar growth was evaluated two years later, after the fifth growing season. The results showed a significantly improved basal area increment in NPK and sludge treatments compared to the control. The ground vegetation inventory revealed substantial differences in weed biomass between control and cultivated plots. Control plots contained double the amount of aboveground grass and herbaceous biomass (8.6 ton ha-1 ) compared to cultivated and cultivated + fertilized plots. The low-intensity Nordic-Baltic poplar establishment practices allow for a substantial amount of ground vegetation to develop until the canopy closure, potentially contributing to the soil carbon pool more than it is usually recognized when modeling carbon balances in short-rotation poplar plantations, which is the theme of our next report.