Tesis sobre el tema "Exilés – Santé et hygiène"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Exilés – Santé et hygiène".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Siffert, Isabelle. "Accueillir et soigner les exilés face aux politiques de dispersion : reconfigurations sociales et territoriales des pratiques de soin et enjeux de coordination médico-sociale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REN20007.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the transformation of medico-social action aimed at exiles facing precarious situations in response to territorial dispersion policies. Leveraging a survey of health and social care workers across a peri-urban territory in the Parisian region impacted by those policies, we unravel the (re )configurations of local care actors, services, and practices prompted by an increasing reception of exiles. Among those reconfigurations, we identify the emergence of specialized services and the development of local expertise tailored to the specific health needs of exiles. While addressing the challenge of enabling exiles' entry into the entire healthcare system, this work scrutinizes the ambivalence of these specialized approaches and investigates the abilities as well as practices to direct individuals towards healthcare services not explicitly designed for populations in precarious situations. Given the rising prominence of the 'outreach' approach in health and social policies, we then explore the deployment of mobile interventions as a strategy to extend health services across the territory. The work not only underscores the resulting shifts in territorial and working conditions but also examines how this process reshapes partnerships and the political engagement of social and medical actors. By navigating the evolving landscape of medico-social action, this thesis actively contributes to the ongoing debate on the implementation and challenges of reducing social and health inequalities
Bauret, Michel. "Hygiène et santé publiques à Bordeaux (1870 -1914)". Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30061.
Texto completoThis study defines local authority initiatives in public health and hygiene in a french provincial city. It shows the use of nascent administrative technology by the town hall, which employed increasing financial means and equiped itself with functionnal, structured services, led by competent civil servants. Thus the city of bordeaux adopted and applied the hygienic sanitation themes born of the "pasteur revolution" and spread by the local hygienist movement, guided by several highly actives personalities. Moreover, municipal activity was assisted by a permanent political consensus and an absence of partisan divisions, since the elected council took over the legacy of former assemblies. During the 1880's and 1890's, the city installed a modern system of hygienic sanitation management, directed first of all at sanitation improvement and then at disease prevention. Thus, successfully and discreetly, the biological safety of the local population was taken care of, a testimony to the vigour of french municipalism, which took on new responsabilities as early as the end of the nineteenth century
Hélardot, Valentine. "Santé ou travail ? : les expériences sociales de la santé et de la précarisation du travail". Toulouse 2, 2005. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00471343.
Texto completoThe objective of this study is to understand how health and work are interwoven in employees' social experience, in the context of the casualisation of work and of changes in work organisation. Three levels of enquiry were used to investigate various aspects of the social construction of the links between health, work and casualisation. 50 telephone interviews with occupational doctors were carried out in order to analyze their representations and practices, and to recruit 200 employees who have answered a questionnaire. The statistical enquiry shows the variety of both health and work experiences. Finally, 30 detailed interviews with employees were carried out in order to cross examine their experiences of work and health. The biographical approach makes it possible to understand how the interweaving between work and health is perceived and reconstructed by the employees at different moments in the course of their lives
Berut-Bersier, Evelyne. "L' enfant et la santé : les institutions spécifiques de protection de la santé des enfants". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32001.
Texto completoThe evolution of the child’s rights in the field of health, in France, is charaterized by the passage from the right to the prevention of death to the right to the protection of health in a more recent objective of promoting his health. Nowadays, both the protection and the promotion of the chidren’s and teenagers’ health are ensured by two specific institutions : mother and infant welfare (MIW) and the mission of promotion for pupils’health. . MIW, which ensures the preventive assumption of responsability of the health of all children up to six years old, proves to be always indispensable nowadays. However it must be more recognized in order to allow equality, efficienc quality on its own territory. Scholl health, supposed to take over MIW, through the mission of promotion of health in favour of pupils doesn’t intend for all children not either for all those which are provided with schooling. Indeed, only those sent to state schools are concerned, contrary to the provisions of the text which organizes it. Nevertheless school health proves to be unable to meet the needs for the children and teenagers provided with schooling in the absence of a real will other than expressed in the circulars. It becomes urgent that an overall and national policy of health in the field of children’s health determines priorities and brings the necessary to their implementation
Cartierre, Nathalie. "Approche bioécologique de la santé des adolescents : filles et garçons en situation de désaffiliation contextuelle". Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30039.
Texto completoIn this thesis, the adolescents' health behaviors are discussed in terms of transactions that take place within three different life contexts : family, school and peers. The unit of analysis relies on the concept of affiliation presented in the literature as a basic need of psychological functioning. Both its contextualization and its operationalization led to the creation of the Contextual Connection Scale for Adolescents (CCSA). The contextual connection is sensitive to three sources of variability that caracterize the developmental system : sex, age and context. Its fundamental character is attested by the systematic links established with health behaviors. Specifically, disconnected adolescents' health scores are the most unfavourable ones. The situation of double disconnection - to family and to school - is particularly deleterious. In addition, the amplification of the risks that is found in the double disconnection results for girls in an extension of the manifestations of ill-being which also includes negative behaviors more typically masculine. The reverse is not found for boys. The connection and disconnection appear to be mains markers of the processes of self-regulation that are involved in health behaviors
Dias, Marisa. "Santé et travail : le principe de précaution". Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082591.
Texto completoBesson, Rachel. "La santé publique à l'école : approche anthropologique autour de l'expérience des infirmières scolaires". Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21058.
Texto completoHow can a welfare policy be implemented in the French school system ? How can this institution, in its missions as well as in its working, take into account the attention brought on health and on the pupil's body ? A study realised on school nurses of the Gironde "Department" sheds light on the implementation of welfare measures. The nurses' professional experience in the education system conduces this work. Their experience affords the comprehension of the way the nurses have to rebuild their professional identity when they take part in this institution. Their daily work induces them to articulate their practices of medical care round the pupil's attention and comprehension. The infirmary becomes a preferential scene where pupils can come and speak of themselves and their sufferings. The health education, that is another aspect of their job, highlights all the little arrangements they have to do in order to work out their missions. In this context, the AIDS prevention, that is used as an illustrating example, hasn't got a real place in their daily experience. If the daily and institutional context is one of the major causes of nurses' desinvolvement, the AIDS's prevention, because it means talking about sexuality and death, reveals other limits
Paunescu, Alexandra-Cristina. "Les composés dioxin-like mesurés par DR-CALUX et les paramètres osseux évalués par ultrasonographie chez les femmes cries et inuites du Nord-du-Québec et du Groenland". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23609.
Texto completoBaron, Marie. "Vieillissement en bonne santé dans l'Inuit Nunangat : vers un modèle géographique des déterminants sociaux de la santé". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67219.
Texto completoBackground: The aging of the Inuit population is a new phenomenon creating new and unique social and health challenges across the Arctic. There is relatively limited evidence about the health profile and the social determinants of health (SDH) for Inuit elders. The definition of Inuit health is holistic, and is anchored in a geographical dimension such that health is created through interactions between people and the land. This geographic dimension is central to understand the role of SDH in supporting healthy aging, yet are seldom included in Inuit SDH models. The overall aim of my doctoral thesis is to conceptualize and operationalize a model of the sociogeographic determinants supporting healthy aging in Inuit communities. This model is built in coherence with Inuit’s definition of health which is The thesis follows three research objectives: 1) to conceptualize, operationalize and validate the concept of health for older Inuit aged 50 years and over; 2) to identify social determinants of health (SDH) at the individual, housing, and community levels associated with healthy aging; and 3) to explore the geographical dimension of the mechanisms connecting the social determinants to healthy aging. Methods: This thesis employs a mixed-methods exploratory and explanatory research design. Qualitative data used to conceptualize the definition of health for Inuit elders were retrieved from workshops conducted in two Nunavik communities in 2016. Using quantitative data from the 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS) (n = 850 Inuit ≥ 50 years), latent class analyses was then used to operationalize the definition of health into a holistic indicator health. Associations between this indicator and selected SDH at the individual, housing and community scales were modelled using multinomial regressions. To further explore the geographical dimension of the SDH, and to understand the mechanisms linking the SDH to health, in-depth interviews and one focus groups with 20 participants aged 50 to 86 were conducted in Baker Lake, Nunavut. Thematic analyses were conducted on the data. Results: Health was defined along eight concepts: overall health, physical limitations, mental health, spirituality, health behaviours, speaking Inuktitut, having positive relationships, and affection. A three-category holistic health indicator was created from the latent class analysis: participants in “good health” for all indicators, those with an “intermediate health” profile, and participants in “poor health” for most indicators. Associations between the holistic health indicator and SDH at individual, housing and community scales were different for the three health profiles. Compared to those with a poorer health profile, older adults with a good health profile were more likely to have strong family ties in the community and to participate in social activities. Older adults with an intermediate health profile were more likely to live in a community with a higher socio-economic status, to live in better housing conditions. In comparison to older adults with a poorer health profile, those with good or intermediate health profiles were more likely to have engaged in land-based activities in the past year. The geographic mechanisms linking the SDH to healthy aging emerged through interviews and focus group with elders in Baker Lake. Family and community activities promoted positive social relationships and symbolic connections to the land, including the sharing of traditional food. Housing conditions and community services adapted for elders’ health offered the possibility to age in place, i.e., in one’s home and community. Adapted transportation and information systems were identified as facilitating factors to access resources supportive for health at the residential, community and environmental levels. Conclusion. The geographic dimension of SDH conceptualized and operationalized in this thesis is important to understand how sociogeographic determinants influence the health of Inuit elders. This type of information is needed to guide the formulation and implementation of social and public health policies and programs to support healthy aging across Inuit communities
Monnier-Benoit, Gaëlle. "Cosmétique et hygiène du corps : théories, pratiques et représentations (XIIe-XVe siècle)". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11949.
Texto completoRennuit, Rosquet Suzanne. "Gymnastique de pause en entreprise : à propos de deux expériences dans le secteur tertiaire". Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT3412.
Texto completoSaada, Fatiha. "Représentations sociales de la santé et de la maladie chez des travailleurs marocains en France et au Maroc". Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN21027.
Texto completoThe proposed study investigates the social representations of the health and illness in 1000 Moroccan workers: 500 migrants living in France and 500 living in morocco. They have answered a same survey questionnaire and the data were analyzed by computer. Both groups define the concept of "good" or "bad" health through factors such as physical aspect, psycho-sociological status, and cultural values in how to face or prevent illness; religious beliefs and socio-economic conditions. They conceive the health as a balance between the individual and social environment. They also mentioned the psycho-social stress due to hard conditions at work and in daily life. The group living in France are more aware and better informed on how to keep themselves healthy than the group staying in morocco; this is certainly due to the availability, the access and efficiency of the French health care system and to the general medical information conveyed around. However, the France group complained strongly against the solitude and exile from their relatives and friends and original habits, which they may feel as a potential cause of disease. Globally, it seems that any group of population represents or perceives its health status in terms of its social environment and of its social reality of daily life
Roques, Claude. "La santé en Polynésie française". Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11120.
Texto completoBastide, Victor. "Facteurs de pronostic des jumeaux : expérience du CHU de Montpellier entre le 01.01.1986 et le 31.12.1990". Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11038.
Texto completoRenteux, Elisabeth. "Exposition et effets du tabagisme passif pour la santé des non-fumeurs". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P077.
Texto completoRayssac, Philippe Daniel Françis. "Sport et grossesse". Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25015.
Texto completoSimon, Valérie. "Odontologie et univers carcéral". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR20046.
Texto completoTheodose, Christian. "Les actions d'éducation pour la santé et les enquêtes de santé en milieu scolaire : analyse des difficultés rencontrées". Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11081.
Texto completoGabard, Anne. "Notre santé au risque de notre histoire". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2024/document.
Texto completoWhat led me to work on this thesis was a growing amazement over my 40 years of practice as a gynecologist. What a strange discrepancy between the undeniable and spectacular achievements of modern medicine in our western world, and, at the same time, the great number of pathologies that are unaccounted for by the same medicine ! The latter failing to give any answer to the legitime and fundamental questions that every one will ask when a disease is diagnosed, among which : « why me ? » Through trying to have a transversal approach of knowledge, we were able to legitimate the consideration of the complex patient, for whom body and spirit are held together in an incompressible unity. This path of reflection, taking into account the complex patient in his entire reality led us to a hermeneutic approach that gives meaning, a meaning out of the field of science. Such a reflection enables us to understand that disease expresses in a unified language the physical and mental processes. Our diseases have a meaning in the heart of our lives. They are a signal that warns of a loss of harmony with our own selves, with our environment, and of the need to find a new balance when it is still possible. Our health is not predetermined ; our knowledge, our comprehension, our ability to act, allow us some freedom to be actors. Even though we are bound by constraints within our lineage, our environment, and subject to the unavoidable limits of longevity. We are part of a much larger whole, and, thanks to our total involvement in it, and to our capacity to act, we are able to have a local action for ourselves, and a more general action which will impact the fields with which we interfere. Our organised complex unity is based on exchanges of matter, energy, and above all, information, with the universe that builds and surrounds us. The primordial reality that some will name energy, others information, could be love. Love would be the ultimate reality
Bationo, Bouma Fernand. "Santé publique, hygiène et société (s) au Burkina Faso : soins de santé maternelle et infantile et comportements socio-thérapeutiques des Lyela dans la province du Sanguié". Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL1A001.
Texto completoGharbi, Ikbal. "La représentation de la maladie et de la santé et les médecines traditionnelles chez la communauté tunisienne en France". Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H047.
Texto completoThe study of the representation of the illness and the health in the same way as the course to traditional medicines among Tunisian in France, permit to analyze some speeches and modes of interpretation that may be as well as profane, traditional and scientific face to biological objective entite : the illness and the health the migratory problematic amid search permit to study the courses of adaptation that the Tunisian community in France can use. Therefore, we attemps to analyze the factuel sociodemographical elements and the different attitudes and opinions. Through these attitudes among the illness and by different therapeutical recourses that are being verified the self-representation and the process of structuration of collective identity of Tunisian immigrants in France
Beaulière, Arnousse. "Pauvreté et santé en Haïti". Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40002.
Texto completoMignot, Fabrice. "Santé et intégration nationale au Laos". Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040119.
Texto completoThe Thai Lao lords and the bouddhist monks have a cultural space emerged in the lowlands of the center of Indochina since the XIVth century, especially by spreading health conceptions and practices. French occupant, the kingdom of Laos and the communist regime have continued to develop this territory first by building modern health facilities along a national road parallel to the Mekong River. In 13 villages of 4 multiethnic sites settled along that road health resources and risks of diseases reveal the limits of the integration by the Nation-State of the highlanders relocated in the plains and the valleys. If any traditionnal health practices bring ethnic groups together, some deep factors of differentiation, as movements, water and malaria, lie
Teixeira, Maria. "Changement social et contre-sorcellerie féminine chez les Manjak de Canchungo émigrés à Ziguinchor : les réponses du Bëpene et du Kasara : Guinée-Bissau / Sénégal". Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0076.
Texto completoIn the northwest of Guinea-Bissau the Manjak territory is divided in several Manjak kingdoms. Some members of this ethnic group have hive off in Guinea-Bissau, towards neigbouring countries and Europe. Women from Canchungo kingdom have acquired power and an increasing authority in the magical and religious sphere of the antisorcery. Today, the offices of Napene and Namana (diviners-healers specialized in struggle against witchcraft or sorcery), left vacant by men particularly assumed by women. Their abilities are not limited to problems classified as strictly feminine. In others kingdoms, like qualequisse, the same offices are forbidden to women. We have presented ancient and current social structures, the dynamic universe of the animist religion and the position of the anti-sorcery priestesses. A Namana of the Kasara cult is named in her office after an election by trance. The shrine gathers several priestesses and a community of women members of the cult. For a Napene of the Bepene worship, the designation and the installation occur after an election by illness followed by an initiation. In her shrine the priestess officiate alone. The priestesses capacity to oppose to a diversified and an increasing sorcery is analysed through divinatory and therapeutic rituals. The diviners-healers have to face unprecedented problems. By their flexibility in the interpretation of the symbolic and cognitive system. The officiants reajust the Manjak community and it's members to an unfinished and ephemeral world, which balances between chaos and order
De, Souza Givanilda Aquino. "Faible présence de la population démunie dans les centres de santé : quelques aspects socio-économiques et culturels : une recherche participative développée au Brésil". Nancy 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN21016.
Texto completoBarlagiannis, Athanasios. "Hygiène publique et construction de l'Etat grec, 1833-1845 : la police sanitaire et l'ordre public de la santé". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0044.
Texto completoThis study is about the organization of public hygiene in the kingdom of Greece between 1833, when prince Otto of Bavaria ascends to the throne, and 1845, when the political and epidemiological frontiers of the kingdom are traced by a complete system of lazarettos and sanitary offices. We will firstly analyze the structures of sanitary prevention in the interior of the country (vaccinators, public health doctors, municipal doctors) as well as at its frontiers, and then we will focus on the measures against contagious diseases (such as the plague and smallpox) and against miasmas. We are also interested in examining the main diseases that determine the mortality of the period under scrutiny and the medical theories that explain the applicable sanitary measures. At the same time, we will review some of the aspects of the classical distinction of Erwin Ackerknecht between contagionism and miasmatic theory. Finally, we will study the difficult formation of an official group of medical professionals. The interest in public hygiene imposes the study of the biological construction of the state and, subsequently, of the state itself. Public hygiene defines the threats which it tries to prevent, and it creates and secures the collectivity. In the Police State of the cameralist king Otto, these developments are controlled by the bureaucracy, the administration, the public force and the science of medical police. Its purpose is to construct and order the public space, the space of state action, which is natural as well as social. This action of ordering imposes the centralization of health and at the same time it normalizes the natural elements and the social forces so that they can coordinate without resistance; in other words, the action of ordering pacifies. Medical police controls these processes by reconfiguring the ties that bind individuals with each other and with the geography, the nature and their diseases
Turmel, Julie. "La santé cardiorespiratoires de l'athlète d'élite : principales pathologies et mécanismes de développement". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28394.
Texto completoThe high prevalence of cardiorespiratory problems in athletes reported in the literature and observed in our clinical practice, as well as the importance of cardiovascular screening in athletes lead us to evaluate the prevalence of different cardiorespiratory condition in endurance athletes of Quebec and Chaudiere-Appalaches area. Our studies allowed to assess the effect of intense training and environmental factors on respiratory and cardiovascular function in high level athletes as well as analyzed some mechanisms that could explain these particular cardiorespiratory conditions. Our results mainly showed a high prevalence of exercise-induced asthma, post-exercise cough in winter endurance athletes, and few cardiac abnormalities, such as arterial hypertension at rest and during exercise. Following a literature review on the effects of cold air on lung function of athletes practicing winter sports, we have evaluated whether there was a seasonal variation in the airway responsiveness and airway inflammation which could explain the frequent respiratory symptoms that are reported by these athletes. Our results suggest that there is no seasonal variation in airway responsiveness or airway inflammation in these athletes. However, a significant decrease in lung function was observed during the winter compared to summer and fall time. It seems to be associated with epithelial damage which was significantly higher in the winter time. Post-exercise cough being the symptom most frequently reported by endurance athletes practicing winter sports, we assessed whether the cough reflex could be increased by the inhalation of large volumes of cold air during winter time in these athletes. Our results showed that athletes had more post-exercise cough (1 hour after and up to 8 hours after exercise) than control subjects. However, we have not observed an increase in the cough reflex during the winter season. This has therefore led us to assess whether there were differences in resting and exercise blood pressure, heart rate variability and lipid profile between a resting period and a training period in a group of athletes. Our results suggest that heart rate variability and exercise blood pressure are increased during training period. In addition, athletes with an hypertensive response to exercise have higher resting blood pressure but within normal limits, as well as lowered values of protective factors of lipid profile (decrease in HDL) than those with a exercise normotensive response.
Berche, Thierry. "Un projet de santé en pays Dogon : enjeux de pouvoirs et stratégies : 1987-1992". Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0021.
Texto completoThis work is focused on actors-strategies in round an health development project as part of cooperation between mali and germany in the district of bandiagara. It begins by placing this project in the ethnological context and historical specificities of the health institutions in mali. And historical specificities of the health institutions in mali. Then the processes of implementation of this primary health care project are explained as well as their intitutional, financial and professional logics. Lastly the autor describes the logics and strategies of four actorsgroups or "strategic groups" : the "clientele", the administrative authorities, the network of health centers, and the project-organization. Their struggles do operating the specific political field of this project. The work ends with a thought about the trade and vocation of anthropologist in developement operation
Franckel, Aurélien. "Les comportements de recours aux soins en milieu rural au Sénégal : le cas des enfants fébriles à Niakhar". Paris 10, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00195109.
Texto completoMalaria is a serious infectious disease which claims more than a million lives each year and which strikes 80% of African children. This situation is partly due to sanitary and social factors. This thesis deals focuses on the different ways to heal children with a fever, in Senegal. The results show that children are mainly tended at home while very few people resort to sanitary structures, that people wait a long time before taking their children and that they do not follow the prescriptions so well. However, people tend to be pragmatic in their responses as they are faced with deficient biomedical care. The child's health is taken care of on a collective basis, in which each member of the family cell as a specific role to play. The way people resort to medical care varies according to numerous elements, among which illness characteristics, the morphology of the family cell and contextual parameters
Coelho, Carlos Manuel. "Pollution atmosphérique intérieure : campagne de mesures dans six logements occupés par des personnes âgées, relation entre qualité de l'air et symptômes déclarés". Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA132023.
Texto completoThe objective was to analyse the indoor air quality in dwellings occupied by old people and to correlate pollutants with life habits and health statement. A sociological survey on 96 elderly people living in social housing was firstly undertaken in order to determine risk factors responsible of poor health. Then measurements of several pollutants were carried out in six typical dwellings. Results were analyzed at the light of activities and reported symptoms. Besides discomfort due to CO2 accumulation, several pollutants with levels near or over guidelines were identified in particular particulate matter under 1 um, airborne microbiological counts and permanent TVOC levels. Dust was at the origin of cough, eyes and throat irritations and flows of the nose, fungi and bacteria seems to be responsible of skin irritations, digestive disorders, sneezes and rhinitis. However, most of symptoms appeared after 10 hours of exposure time for people of all ages
Laurent, Jean-François. "Pathologie des pilotes d'hélicoptères". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR1M103.
Texto completoPerozzo, Cristina y Cristina Perozzo. "Perturbations du sommeil, du fonctionnement diurne et de la qualité de vie associées à l'insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique ou médical". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27405.
Texto completoCette thèse visait à comparer les perturbations du sommeil, du fonctionnement diurne et de la qualité de vie associées à l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique ou médical à celles de l’insomnie seule. En premier lieu, une revue de littérature sur les perturbations du sommeil et du fonctionnement diurne caractérisant l’insomnie comorbide, comparativement à l’insomnie seule, a été effectuée. Celle-ci incluait 38 études et a révélé que l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique n’était pas associée à des perturbations du sommeil subjectives plus sévères que l’insomnie seule, mais qu’elle était liée à une variabilité internuits du sommeil plus importante. L’insomnie comorbide à un trouble dépressif comportait une proportion plus élevée de sommeil paradoxal et moins d’activité électroencéphalographique à hautes fréquences au cours de la nuit que l’insomnie seule. L’insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique (principalement dépressif) était liée à une utilisation accrue des soins de santé et à des perturbations plus sévères de l’humeur, de la cognition et des tâches quotidiennes. Peu de différences sur le plan du sommeil ont été observées entre l’insomnie avec et l’insomnie sans douleur chronique comorbide. La fréquence et la sévérité des perturbations de l’humeur ainsi que les risques d’absentéisme et d’invalidité au travail étaient plus élevés lorsque l’insomnie était accompagnée de douleur. Parmi les recherches recensées, la plupart portaient sur l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble dépressif ou à une condition douloureuse. Un nombre limité d’études a exploré la comorbidité médicale et celles qui ont évalué les perturbations objectives du sommeil dans l’insomnie avec et sans comorbidité psychiatrique ont obtenu des résultats mitigés. Plusieurs études comportaient des limites méthodologiques majeures, telles que l’utilisation de critères distincts afin de définir l’insomnie dans différents groupes au sein d’une même étude et le manque de contrôle des effets confondants d’autres troubles comorbides et de médicaments prescrits. Tenant compte de ces limites, une étude empirique visant à comparer les perturbations du sommeil, du fonctionnement diurne et de la qualité de vie qui caractérisent l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique et l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble médical à celles de l’insomnie seule a été réalisée. L’échantillon était composé de 84 adultes, répartis en cinq groupes : insomnie seule (INS; n = 22), insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique (INS+PSY; n = 16), insomnie comorbide à un trouble médical (INS+MED; n = 14), bons dormeurs avec un trouble médical (BD+MED; n = 17) et bons dormeurs en santé (n = 15). Des analyses multivariées suivies de corrélations canoniques pour des contrastes planifiés ont révélé que le groupe INS+PSY rapportait un sommeil non réparateur un plus grand nombre de nuits par semaine et des atteintes diurnes plus sévères (motivation, fatigue physique, fonctionnement physique et occupationnel, impacts de l’insomnie) que le groupe INS. Selon des agendas du sommeil, les participants du groupe INS+MED dormaient moins longtemps et se réveillaient plus souvent la nuit que ceux du groupe INS. Ces premiers étaient aussi moins productifs au travail. Comparativement aux BD+MED, le groupe INS+MED était plus déprimé et fatigué et avait un fonctionnement occupationnel plus perturbé, alors que le groupe INS avait un meilleur fonctionnement physique, mais plus de symptômes dépressifs, un niveau de fatigue plus élevé et moins de vitalité. Les résultats de la thèse suggèrent que la nature des difficultés de sommeil dans l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble dépressif et l’insomnie seule pourrait différer et que l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique est caractérisée par des perturbations du fonctionnement diurne plus sévères, comparativement à l’insomnie seule. L’insomnie comorbide à un trouble médical est liée à un sommeil plus fragmenté et de courte durée et à plus de difficultés sur les plans de l’humeur et du fonctionnement occupationnel que l’insomnie seule. Ces observations soulèvent les possibilités que l’insomnie comorbide à un trouble psychiatrique soit un sous-type d’insomnie distinct de l’insomnie seule et que la comorbidité d’un trouble psychiatrique favorise le maintien de l’insomnie par le biais de processus cognitifs et comportementaux transdiagnostiques (p. ex., mode de pensée répétitif). Les résultats appuient la pertinence d’adapter les interventions pour l’insomnie chez les personnes qui ont un autre trouble, notamment psychiatrique, afin de les aider à surmonter le fardeau d’un double diagnostic et de leur assurer un meilleur sommeil et bien-être.
This thesis aimed to compare the disturbances in sleep, daytime functioning, and quality of life associated with insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric or medical disorder to those of insomnia alone. First, a review of the literature on the sleep disturbances and daytime impairments characterizing comorbid insomnia as compared to insomnia alone was conducted. The review included 38 studies and revealed that insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder was not associated with more severe subjective sleep disturbances than insomnia alone, but that it was related to increased night-to-night sleep variability. Insomnia comorbid with a depressive disorder involved a higher proportion of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and less high frequency electroencephalographic activity during the night than insomnia alone. Insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric (mainly depressive) disorder was linked to higher health care use and more severe daytime impairments in mood, cognition, and ability to complete daily activities. Few differences in sleep were observed between insomnia with and insomnia without comorbid chronic pain. The rate and severity of mood disturbances and risks of sick leave and disability were higher when insomnia was accompanied by pain. Among reviewed studies, most investigated insomnia with a comorbid depressive disorder or painful condition. A limited number explored medical comorbidity and those that compared objective sleep disturbances in insomnia with and without a comorbid psychiatric disorder yielded inconclusive results. Many studies had major methodological limitations, including the use of different criteria to define insomnia for subgroups within a same study and the lack of control for the confounding effects of other comorbid disorders and prescribed medications. Considering these limitations, an empirical study comparing the sleep disturbances and daytime impairments characterizing insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder and insomnia with a comorbid medical disorder to those of insomnia alone was conducted. The sample included 84 adults, divided into five groups: insomnia alone (INS; n = 22), insomnia comorbid with a psychiatric disorder (INS+PSY; n = 16), insomnia comorbid with a medical disorder (INS+MED; n = 14), good sleepers with a medical disorder (GS+MED; n = 17), and healthy good sleepers (n = 15). Multivariate analyses followed by canonical correlations for a priori contrasts revealed the INS+PSY group reported more nights of nonrestorative sleep and more severe daytime impairments (motivation, physical fatigue, physical and occupational functioning, insomnia-related consequences) than the INS group. According to sleep diaries, participants in the INS+MED group had shorter nights of sleep and more nighttime awakenings than those in the INS group. The former were also less productive at work. Compared to GS+MED, the INS+MED group was more depressed and fatigued, and had poorer occupational functioning, while the INS group had better physical functioning, but more severe depressive symptoms, higher levels of fatigue, and less vitality. Results of the thesis suggest that the nature of sleep complaints differs in insomnia with and without a comorbid depressive disorder and that insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder is characterized by more severe daytime deficits compared to insomnia alone. Insomnia with a comorbid medical disorder was associated with a shorter and more fragmented sleep, and with more impairments in mood and role functioning than insomnia alone. Findings raise the possibilities that insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder is distinct from insomnia alone and that psychiatric comorbidity contributes to the maintenance of insomnia via transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes (e.g., repetitive thinking). Results support the relevance of adapting interventions for insomnia among persons with another disorder, notably a psychiatric disorder, to help them overcome the burden of a dual diagnosis and insure improved sleep and well-being.
This thesis aimed to compare the disturbances in sleep, daytime functioning, and quality of life associated with insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric or medical disorder to those of insomnia alone. First, a review of the literature on the sleep disturbances and daytime impairments characterizing comorbid insomnia as compared to insomnia alone was conducted. The review included 38 studies and revealed that insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder was not associated with more severe subjective sleep disturbances than insomnia alone, but that it was related to increased night-to-night sleep variability. Insomnia comorbid with a depressive disorder involved a higher proportion of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and less high frequency electroencephalographic activity during the night than insomnia alone. Insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric (mainly depressive) disorder was linked to higher health care use and more severe daytime impairments in mood, cognition, and ability to complete daily activities. Few differences in sleep were observed between insomnia with and insomnia without comorbid chronic pain. The rate and severity of mood disturbances and risks of sick leave and disability were higher when insomnia was accompanied by pain. Among reviewed studies, most investigated insomnia with a comorbid depressive disorder or painful condition. A limited number explored medical comorbidity and those that compared objective sleep disturbances in insomnia with and without a comorbid psychiatric disorder yielded inconclusive results. Many studies had major methodological limitations, including the use of different criteria to define insomnia for subgroups within a same study and the lack of control for the confounding effects of other comorbid disorders and prescribed medications. Considering these limitations, an empirical study comparing the sleep disturbances and daytime impairments characterizing insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder and insomnia with a comorbid medical disorder to those of insomnia alone was conducted. The sample included 84 adults, divided into five groups: insomnia alone (INS; n = 22), insomnia comorbid with a psychiatric disorder (INS+PSY; n = 16), insomnia comorbid with a medical disorder (INS+MED; n = 14), good sleepers with a medical disorder (GS+MED; n = 17), and healthy good sleepers (n = 15). Multivariate analyses followed by canonical correlations for a priori contrasts revealed the INS+PSY group reported more nights of nonrestorative sleep and more severe daytime impairments (motivation, physical fatigue, physical and occupational functioning, insomnia-related consequences) than the INS group. According to sleep diaries, participants in the INS+MED group had shorter nights of sleep and more nighttime awakenings than those in the INS group. The former were also less productive at work. Compared to GS+MED, the INS+MED group was more depressed and fatigued, and had poorer occupational functioning, while the INS group had better physical functioning, but more severe depressive symptoms, higher levels of fatigue, and less vitality. Results of the thesis suggest that the nature of sleep complaints differs in insomnia with and without a comorbid depressive disorder and that insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder is characterized by more severe daytime deficits compared to insomnia alone. Insomnia with a comorbid medical disorder was associated with a shorter and more fragmented sleep, and with more impairments in mood and role functioning than insomnia alone. Findings raise the possibilities that insomnia with a comorbid psychiatric disorder is distinct from insomnia alone and that psychiatric comorbidity contributes to the maintenance of insomnia via transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes (e.g., repetitive thinking). Results support the relevance of adapting interventions for insomnia among persons with another disorder, notably a psychiatric disorder, to help them overcome the burden of a dual diagnosis and insure improved sleep and well-being.
Grand, Alain. "Representations et pratiques de sante dans une population agee en milieu rural". Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20042.
Texto completoThe object of this study is double : showing the insertion of health representations and practices in the life styles ; demonstrating how these life styles influence in return the evolution of the state of health. I is based on two surveys, the first longitudinal and quantitative, the second cross-sectional and qualitative, carried out on a population of elderly people aged 60 and over, living at home rural areas. The exposition of results is organized in two parts : - the first part is devoted to the analysis of health representations and practices and to the identification of their organizing dimensions. It enables demonstration of the insertion of representations and practices in the life styles, two organizing dimensions of which have been particularly studied : sex and socio-professional category (opposing agriculturists to non agriculturists). - the second part is devoted to the identification of the psycho-social factors predictive of the evolution of the state of health, with regard to two indicators : mortality and disability aggravation. Several risk markers have been identified in the longitudinal survey and their meaning have been analysed in the cross-sectional qualitative study. Three methodological implications have been drawn from this work. The respect of which is required for a beter understanding of the sociogenesis of illnesses
Gilbert-d'Halluin, Philippe. "Éthique humanitaire et politiques de santé : études sur la prise en charge du sida et de la toxicomanie auprès de personnes en situation sociale extrême". Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0126.
Texto completoDijols, Gilbert. "Évolution de la santé et du travail vers une nouvelle " épistémè " : La société et le droit corrélativement revisités". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010273.
Texto completoRemaury, Bruno. "La belle femme en santé : représentations et imaginaire physiologique du féminin". Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0026.
Texto completoEngel, Gerhardt Tatiana. "Anthropologie et santé publique : approche interdisciplinaire : pauvreté, situations de vie et santé au quotidien à Paranagua, Parana, Brésil". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21805.
Texto completoPandolfi, Maria Rosaria. "Le mémorial corporel : patho-histoire du corps et de la personne dans le milieu paysan féminin de l'Italie du Sud, Samnium". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0063.
Texto completoThe thesis' approach is derived from the theoretical junction between the italian anthropology of de martinio, the french school of the anthropology of illness and north american psychological anthropology. Through the combination of psychoanalytic and anthropological methodologies, narratives of peasant women of the southern italian region of samnium are analysed. These analyses demonstrate the manner in which the narratives accentuate the marked opposition between men and women, both explicit and implicit. The body's central r9ole is perceived as that of a corporal memorial in both historical and phenomenological terms, where both memories of traumatic and collective events, and memories of personal events are stored. Finally, these analyses demonstrate the tendency to situate feminine identity in an intermediate zone between illness and emotion
De, Moraes Pontual Mariana. "Exposition au mercure via la chaîne alimentaire au Nunavik : tendances géographiques et temporelles chez les femmes enceintes". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67943.
Texto completoIn the Arctic, indigenous populations living off marine mammals and fish consumption may be exposed to high doses of methylmercury (MeHg). Furthermore, since their availability varies over months, there is every reason to believe that exposure to MeHg also varies from month to month. There are still significant knowledge gaps with respect to geographic and temporal variations in MeHg exposure and about country foods responsible for MeHg exposure, particularly for pregnant women in Nunavik. Several findings from the Nunavik Child Development Study highlight that fetal life is a critical moment to prevent MeHg exposure in order to avoid neurodevelopmental outcomes later in childhood. Accordingly, in 2011, the Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services (NRBHSS) released and disseminated a dietary recommendation for pregnant and childbearing age women to reduce their consumption of beluga meat. The aim of the present study was to characterize the geographic and temporal variations in MeHg exposure among Inuit women during pregnancy and to better identify country foods responsible for these variations. This cross-sectional study was carried out with pregnant women aged 16 and over in Nunavik between October 2016 and March 2017. Pregnant women were recruited on a voluntary basis and blood and hair samples were collected. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on pregnancy, country food frequencies of consumption by season and awareness of public health messages. Blood total Hg was measured using Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Hair total Hg was measured by centimeter as a surrogate for monthly exposure using Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Multiple regressions analyses were done to assess the seasonal variation and the regional difference of mercury (Hg) levels. A latent class growth analysis was conducted to identify pregnant women with similar monthly trajectories in hair Hg levels over time. Based on the MeHg concentrations in country foods and consumption frequencies, their seasonal daily intake of MeHg was estimated. In total, 97 pregnant women from the 13 of the 14 Nunavik communities were recruited. Up to 23% of participants had blood Hg levels above the Health Canada guideline (≥ 8 µg/L) at the recruitment time (Oct 2016 – March 2017). While no regional difference in hair and blood Hg were observed in this period, sequential Hg hair analyses show important monthly variations in Hg exposure over the past year as Hg hair concentrations were significantly higher in summer (< 0.05) and lower in winter (p < 0.001) Three latent classes (groups) of pregnant women with similar trajectories of Hg hair monthly variations were identified: high variation (n=20, 22%), moderate variation (n=38, 41%) and low variation over time (n=35, 38%). Beluga meat was the country food generally contributing to most of daily MeHg intake within each group of pregnant women for all seasons, but primarily in the summer. Beluga meat intake was also the only country food associated to the odd of being classified into moderate and high hair Hg monthly variations groups (OR = 1.19 [1.01-1.39] for moderate versus low; OR = 1.25 [1.04 -1.50] for high versus low). Only one-third (35%) of pregnant women were aware of the public health message recommending to reduce their consumption of beluga meat. Our study shows a high MeHg exposure among Nunavik pregnant women, particularly in the summer, and that beluga meat consumption was the primary source of exposure to MeHg among these women. This study also highlight the importance of documenting the seasonality in country foods consumption before conducting biomonitoring studies in order to more adequately assess MeHg exposure on an annual basis. Given the high prevalence of food insecurity in Nunavik and the central role that country foods play in the culture and nutritional status of Inuit, a more consolidated approach together with local health professionals and targeted dietary counselling as summer is coming and in villages where beluga meat is often consumed may be promising avenues for preventing MeHg exposure while promoting traditional foods for healthy pregnancies and children in Nunavik.
Gauthier, Myriam. "Étude exploratoire sur les expériences de santé et de soin d'adolescentes immigrantes de la ville de Québec". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25292/25292.pdf.
Texto completoBrisson, Chantal. "Validité des entrevues d'histoire professionnelle dans l'industrie du vêtement". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33500.
Texto completoMontréal Trigonix inc. 2018
Prairie, Jérôme. "Contexte de travail de l'intervention préhospitalière et analyses biomécanique et ergonomique de l'activité d'embarquement de la civière chez les techniciens ambulanciers paramédicaux". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27501.
Texto completoElle a combiné la démarche ergonomique centrée sur l'activité de travail à celle de la biomécanique dans un milieu non contrôlé (hors laboratoire) où la variabilité est omniprésente et le contexte de travail est imprévisible. La rigueur employée dans la méthodologique et les analyses effectuées a permis de proposer plus d'une vingtaine de pistes de transformation touchant les équipements, le travail d'équipe, la formation et l'environnement physique et social du travail.
Gadais, Tegwen. "Description de la pratique et du niveau de connaissance liés à la compétence "adopter un mode de vie sain et actif" des participants à un pentathlon en équipe". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27083/27083.pdf.
Texto completoPons, Caroline. "Travail et santé des femmes en Midi-Pyrénées de 1870 à 1939". Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10063.
Texto completoIndustrial revolution drives many women at work. Even in regions less industrialized like Midi-Pyrénées, women's work becomes very important and concerns many different factories unfortunately, as in the other places, women's working conditions are very bad and unhealthy. That is why, at the end of the XIXth century, parliament decides to protect women's health at work. Many different laws try to reduce working time and to improve the working conditions. But, in reality, the evolution of women's working conditions has to face lots of problems. The French state hesitates in fact to organize a real protection. Little bosses, judges, and local authorities are against this protection too. Women themselves don't fight in order to improve their situation. Therefore, before the Second World War, and after ninety years, women's health at work is still very bad in this region which is not a big industrial centre
Bergeron, Amélie. "Caractérisation de l’apport en sucres libres et naturellement présents dans la population adulte québécoise, et leur association avec des marqueurs de santé cardiométabolique". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66707.
Texto completoThe direct or indirect effect of the consumption of free sugars on cardiometabolic health is a controversial and complex topic. In recent years, interest in this nutrient has increased. There are two main types of sugars (free sugars, as opposed to naturally occurring sugars; referring to whether or not they are extracted from their original food matrix), which appear not to be associated in the same way with health variables. Since there is no chemical method to distinguish free sugars from naturally occurring sugars, only the total sugar content is generally found on nutrition facts labels and in nutrient databases. Manual differentiation of total sugars must therefore be made in order to characterize the intake of free and naturally occurring sugars in populations and to compare it with current dietary recommendations. Our work has made it possible to characterize these intakes in the Quebec adult population for the first time. Once free and naturally occurring sugars were differentiated, we were able to study the associations of sugar consumption by type (free or naturally occurring) and by source (liquid (beverages) or solid (foods)) with cardiometabolic health markers. Our work, although based on cross-sectional observational data and from which we cannot therefore draw causal relationships, is part of an emerging literature that is relatively sparse, controversial, and deserves a nuanced approach. This master’s thesis presents the work I did on sugar during my master's project, its importance, as well as what its repercussions suggest for improving public health strategies about sugar consumption, more generally, and sugar-sweetened beverages, more specifically.
Baldi, Isabelle. "Santé et environnement en Aquitaine : bilan des données disponibles et perspectives épidémiologiques". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR23023.
Texto completoMorissette, Éliane. "Prévalence et déterminants des comportements alimentaires reliés à la gestion du poids chez les athlètes féminines de niveau secondaire". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24140.
Texto completoLa littérature démontre une forte préoccupation à l'égard du poids ainsi qu'une prévalence élevée de désordres alimentaires chez les athlètes féminines, particulièrement chez les athlètes d'élite pratiquant des sports esthétiques et à catégories de poids. Puisque l'adoption de ces comportements entraîne des conséquences importantes, l'implantation d'un programme de prévention primaire auprès des adolescentes athlètes s'avère pertinente. Toutefois, la connaissance des facteurs influençant l'adoption de ces comportements demeure inconnue. Ce mémoire présente les résultats d'une étude ayant pour objectif général d'évaluer les comportements alimentaires reliés à la gestion du poids chez les athlètes féminines de niveau secondaire. Les facteurs psychosociaux de l'intention d'adopter ces comportements sont également identifiés. Basés sur la théorie du comportement planifié, nos résultats démontrent que seule l'attitude prédit cette intention. Ainsi, ce projet permet une compréhension plus approfondie des éléments permettant le développement d'un programme de prévention primaire auprès d'athlètes féminines de niveau secondaire.
Barnay, Thomas. "La santé comme facteur d'équité dans la cessation d'activité". Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002247830204611&vid=upec.
Texto completoThe doctoral thesis aims at underlining the intragenerationnal iniquities of health and their consequences at the moment of the activity's cessation and on redistributions in the pays-as-you-go system owed in particular to the differences of life expectancy. The study of the models activity's cessation by sex allows to determine the explanatory factors of the age of activity's cessation. The results show how much the reason of health is determining as well for the men as for the women. The actuarial fairness calculated for cases-types is positive for the male retired generations on 1921-1936 (in the private sector with linear career) but the distances between PCS are very important from 1 for unskilled workers to 1,34 for executives. The age of actuarial equilibrium (that is the age of the retired rights's liquidation respecting the actuarial fairness) or "critical age" should 65-year-old being for executives and 59 years for unskilled workers is a distance about equivalent unlike life expectancy
Godonou, Gratias Gloria Denise M. y Gratias Gloria Denise M. Godonou. "Analyse des prédicteurs de la saine alimentation : cas du Canada". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37156.
Texto completoLa présente étude s’est donnée pour objectif d’actualiser les prédicteurs de la saine alimentation, chez les Canadiens âgés de 18 ans et plus avec des données récentes (Enquête sur la Santé dans les Collectivités Canadiennes (ESCC)-Nutrition 2015) et de vérifier l’effet de nouvelles variables. Ce, parce que les études menées jusque-là pour évaluer les déterminants de la saine alimentation sont des études anciennes ou lorsqu’elles sont récentes elles sont quand même basées sur les données de 2004. Dans ce cadre, nous avons évalué la qualité de l’alimentation avec l’indice de saine alimentation, version 2005 adaptée au contexte canadien (HEI-C2005), puis nous avons mené une régression linéaire multiple avec comme variables explicatives des facteurs socioéconomiques, démographiques, l’état de santé, le niveau d’activité physique et le bien-être général perçu. Nos résultats montrent qu’actuellement, la qualité de l’alimentation de la plupart des Canadiens doit être améliorée (un indice moyen de 68/100 avec un écart-type de 12, sachant qu’une valeur de 80/100 ou plus est le seuil d’une saine alimentation). Toutefois, il y a eu une amélioration par rapport à 2004 (indice moyen de 50,2/100). En ce qui concerne les prédicteurs, l’effet connu des variables classiques (âge, genre, éducation, bien-être perçu, revenu, origine ethnique et niveau d’activité physique) n’a pas changé. Concernant ce qui n’a pas encore été vérifié dans les études précédentes, nos résultats démontrent que l’insécurité alimentaire et le prix des légumes ont un effet négatif sur la qualité de l’alimentation Les personnes diabétiques et les personnes ne souffrant pas de cancer ont une alimentation plus saine que les non-diabétiques et les personnes souffrant de cancer. Aussi, nos résultats montrent que le prix des fruits et le milieu de résidence n’ont pas d’effet sur la qualité de l’alimentation.
The objective of this study is to update the predictors of healthy eating for adult Canadians with recent data (Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) -Nutrition 2015) and check the effect of new variables. This, because studies conducted to date to assess the determinants of healthy eating are either old studies or recent ones are still based on 2004 data. In this context, we evaluated the quality of the diet with the healthy eating index, 2005 version adapted to the Canadian context (HEI-C2005), then we carried out a multiple linear regression with as variables socioeconomic and demographic factors, health, level of physical activity and perceived general well-being. Our results show that currently, the diet quality of most Canadians needs to be improved (an average index of 68/100 with a standard deviation of 12, knowing that a value of 80/100 or more is the threshold of a healthy diet). However, there has been an improvement over 2004 (average index of 50,2 / 100). For predictors, the known effect of the classic variables (age, gender, education, well-being, income, ethnicity and level of physical activity) has not changed. Regarding what has not been verified in previous studies, our results show that food insecurity and vegetable prices have a negative effect on the diet quality. People with diabetes and people who don’t have cancer have a healthier diet than non-diabetics and people with cancer. Also, our results show that the price of fruits and the residence area have no effect on the diet quality
The objective of this study is to update the predictors of healthy eating for adult Canadians with recent data (Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) -Nutrition 2015) and check the effect of new variables. This, because studies conducted to date to assess the determinants of healthy eating are either old studies or recent ones are still based on 2004 data. In this context, we evaluated the quality of the diet with the healthy eating index, 2005 version adapted to the Canadian context (HEI-C2005), then we carried out a multiple linear regression with as variables socioeconomic and demographic factors, health, level of physical activity and perceived general well-being. Our results show that currently, the diet quality of most Canadians needs to be improved (an average index of 68/100 with a standard deviation of 12, knowing that a value of 80/100 or more is the threshold of a healthy diet). However, there has been an improvement over 2004 (average index of 50,2 / 100). For predictors, the known effect of the classic variables (age, gender, education, well-being, income, ethnicity and level of physical activity) has not changed. Regarding what has not been verified in previous studies, our results show that food insecurity and vegetable prices have a negative effect on the diet quality. People with diabetes and people who don’t have cancer have a healthier diet than non-diabetics and people with cancer. Also, our results show that the price of fruits and the residence area have no effect on the diet quality
Brimo, Sara. "L'Etat et la protection de la santé des travailleurs". Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020080.
Texto completo