Tesis sobre el tema "Exception (state of)"
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Thomas, Robert Christopher. "Broken thought-images of life in the state of exception /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
Buscar texto completoMateescu, D. "The European Union, state of exception and state transformation : Romania, Turkey and ethnic minority politics". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2011. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/277/.
Texto completoDowling, G. D. "La Mascara que desomoscara : The exposure of 'State of Exception' in Juan Mayorga's theatre". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517274.
Texto completoSOUZA, TAIGUARA LIBANO SOARES E. "CONSTITUTION, PUBLIC SECURITY AND STATE OF EXCEPTION: THE BIOPOLITICS OF THE AUTOS DE RESISTÊNCIA". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18771@1.
Texto completoO presente trabalho pretende analisar o tema da segurança pública e suas tensões com os direitos fundamentais, expressas de modo emblemático na utilização generalizada dos autos de resistência pelas forças policiais no Rio de Janeiro. Como chave interpretativa, faremos uso da categoria Estado de exceção permanente para pontuar o exercício do poder soberano sobre a vida, que se percebe no desregrado uso da força letal por agentes policiais. Desta forma, será delineada uma genealogia do Estado de exceção presente nas estratégias repressivas de controle social no Brasil na vigência dos diversos textos constitucionais pátrios, desde o colonialismo, passando pelo Império, República Velha, Era Vargas, ditadura militar até chegar ao contexto inaugurado pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Neste âmbito, será abordada a segurança pública na perspectiva da constituição formal, pontuando os debates presentes na Assembléia Constituinte de 1987, e a previsão constitucional da temática da segurança. Ademais, será estudada a perspectiva da constituição material, analisando a experiência concreta das políticas de segurança pública implementadas pelos governos estaduais do Rio de Janeiro desde a reabertura democrática, o padrão lei e ordem dominante e a reflexão sobre a pertinência de categorias agambenianas como campo, biopolítica e homo sacer. Por fim, será abordado o auto de resistência enquanto dispositivo biopolítico a autorizar a matabilidade de certas categorias sociais, em pleno regime democrático.
This research intends to analyze the public security’s theme and his tensions with human rights, expressed by the general utilization of the autos de resistência by the Rio de Janeiro’s polices. We will use the permanent state of exception category as a key to study the sovereign’s power over the bare lives, which is perceived in the illegal use of lethal force by the police. So we intend to show the state of exception genealogy’s in the violent strategies of social control in Brazil along the constitutions, since the colonialism, by the empire, the República Velha, the Era Vargas, the military dictatorship, until the context reached by 1988’s Federal Constitution. Thus, will be analyzed the formal constitution perspective of public security, observing the discussion in the Constituent Assembly of 1987, and the constitutional reception of the public security theme. Moreover, will be studied the material constitution perspective, analyzing concrete experiences of security’s public policy at the Rio de Janeiro’s state governments since the reopening of democracy, observing the law and order model and the utilization of Agamben’s categories as camp, biopolitics and homo sacer. Finally, we will approach the auto de resistência as a biopolitical dispositive that authorizes deaths in certain social categories, even in the democracy.
DYNIEWICZ, LETÍCIA GARCIA RIBEIRO. "STATE OF EXCEPTION AS RUPTURE: A STUDY BASED ON CARL SCHMITT AND WALTER BENJAMIN". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27181@1.
Texto completoCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A tese toma como problema central discutir a possibilidade de ruptura da ordem constitucional por meio do estado de exceção, compreendido a partir das leituras de Carl Schmitt e Walter Benjamin. Propõe-se refletir sobre o estado de exceção não tanto como um conceito jurídico, mas como um momento que tem a possibilidade de romper ou não com a ordem jurídica até então vigente. Sendo assim, a hipótese defendida por este trabalho consiste na premissa da existência de um ponto cego no constitucionalismo liberal — uma forma de pensar o direito que, em linhas gerais, garante aos indivíduos, primeiramente, a não interferência do Estado nas relações privadas e, em segundo lugar, a possibilidade de participar do processo decisório -, qual seja: o estado de exceção. Carl Schmitt e Walter Benjamin - autores situados em extremos opostos do espectro político - compreendem a exceção nesse sentido, ou seja, como uma incapacidade do constitucionalismo liberal para tratar da possibilidade da ruptura da ordem. Por não tratar dessa fissura a partir da qual se inicia o direito, também não discute a violência que o funda e o mantém. Em outras palavras, o constitucionalismo liberal não enfrenta a exceção porque ela minaria sua própria existência e seu pressuposto. O estado de exceção, pensado tanto como mecanismo garantidor da ordem quanto como momento de ruptura, abala tais pressupostos, desnudando o constitucionalismo liberal. Para corroborar tal hipótese, o trabalho será dividido em três capítulos. No primeiro deles, expõe-se um rápido quadro histórico do momento de Weimar para contextualizar o surgimento de tais teorias. Em seguida, trata-se de aproximar e afastar Walter Benjamin e Carl Schmitt nos pressupostos que irão levar os autores a pensar o estado de exceção: a teologia política, a social-democracia e a crítica à técnica. No segundo capítulo, levanta-se a hipótese de que Schmitt teme a exceção como momento de ruptura que desencaderia o caos, por isso sua defesa de uma constituição autoritária. Para tanto, o capítulo divide-se em quatro partes. Na primeira delas, aborda-se a relação entre sujeito romântico e liberalismo. Na segunda, a tensão entre política e direito. Adiante, aborda-se soberania, política e democracia e, por último, a questão da ruptura. O último capítulo trata de pensar o direito a partir de Walter Benjamin, em especial no que diz respeito à lei e à soberania. Primeiramente, a análise centra-se na questão da soberania, para em seguida, desenvolver as concepções metodológicas e políticas de história que levaram Benjamin a pensar em um permanente estado de exceção.
This thesis takes as its central problem the discussion on the possibility of rupture of the constitutional order by means of the state of exception, as understood by Carl Schmitt s and Walter Benjamin s readings. It proposes the comprehension of the state of exception not so much as a legal concept, but as a moment that can or cannot break the actual juridical order. Thus, the hypothesis assumed by this thesis is that there is a blind spot in liberal constitutionalism — a point of view on law that, in general terms, assures the individual, firstly, the nonintervention of the State on private affairs, and, secondly, the possibility of taking part in the decision-making process —, that is, the state of exception. Both Carl Schmitt and Walter Benjamin — authors who hold opposite positions on the political spectrum — understand exception according to this meaning, that is to say, as the impossibility of liberal constitutionalism to deal with an eventual break of the order. Since it does not treat on this fissure from which law begins, it also does not discuss the violence that founds it and keeps it. In other words, the liberal constitutionalism does not faces exception because it would undermine its very existence and premises. The state of exception, considered both as a guarantor of order and as a moment of rupture, unsettles those premises, exposing liberal constitutionalism. In order to corroborate this hypothesis, this thesis is divided in three chapters. In the first one, a brief historical background of the Weimar Moment is presented, in order to contextualize the emergence of those theories. Then, it deals with the accords and discords between Walter Benjamin and Carl Schmitt concerning the assumptions that move both authors to think of the state of exception: political theology, social democracy, and critique of technique. In the second chapter, it is proposed the hypothesis that Schmitt would be afraid of exception as a moment of rupture that could initiate chaos, hence his defense of an authoritarian constitution. For this purpose, the chapter is divided in four parts. The first one treats on the relation between romantic subject and liberalism. The second, on the tension between politics and law. Further on, it treats on sovereignty, politics and democracy, and, finally, the issue of rupture. The last chapter thinks Legal Studies on the basis of Walter Benjamin s ideas, especially those concerning law and sovereignty. First, the analysis is centered on the question of sovereignty, and, next, it develops the methodological and politic conceptions of history that moved Benjamin to think of a permanent state of exception.
Van, de Weg Rachel M. "Benjamin's state of exception : an analysis of the 'Critique of Violence' with reference to Carl Schmitt". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27571.
Texto completoKamdem, Kamga Gerard Emmanuel. "Emergency regimes in contemporary democracies". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45948.
Texto completoThesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Jurisprudence
LLD
Unrestricted
Azevedo, Estenio Ericson Botelho de. "Estado de exceção, Estado penal e o paradigma governamental da emergência". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-11042013-095632/.
Texto completoThis work is an analysis of the contemporary state of exception. Currently becoming the rule in the present governmental experience, the state of exception has extrapolated its exceptionality and constituted into a technique of government. Drawing on readings by Arendt and especially by Foucault, I aim here in characterizing the meaning of biopolitics in its Agambenian design properly. Then, through Agambens dialogue with Schmitt I characterize the passage of the state of exception from exceptionality to the norm. However, the vanishing point of this exposition is to seek a dialogue between this debate and that Loïc Wacquant has called a period of strengthening of the punitive arm of the state. Using in addiction Melossi and De Giorgio, who conceive a \"political economy of punishment\" in contemporary capitalism, I attempt to draw attention to what I consider a limitation in Agamben\'s thought: the fact that he did not take into account the economic-commodities relations and its expression in the class struggle. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to think the safety as a contemporary paradigm of capital reproduction and Penal State as its expression.
Forestier, Yann. "L’École, exception médiatique. La presse face aux enjeux des changements pédagogiques, 1959-2008". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040048.
Texto completoThis thesis questions the intensity of the debates, controversies and polemics that revolve around the school question in France, by studying the speech developed in the general written press between 1959 and 2008, i.e. during the five decades when the domination of the stakes linked to the democratization of second-degree schooling and the affirmation of national general press as a framing authority of the intellectual debates meet. Based on the statistic analysis of important samples of a corpus of 8500 articles, this work seeks to link the content of these texts to the realities they claim to reflect, putting in relief the representations they contribute to work out and to mobilize. At the same time, it reviews the conditions of the treatment of information as shaped by the press – whose priorities and methods evolve – on a school matter with its specific identity stakes and current changes that affect in different ways the various categories of actors expressing themselves in newspapers
Zhang, Yunpeng. "Better city, better life? : the 'fate' of the displacees from the Shanghai World Expo 2010". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16158.
Texto completoRibeiro, Neto João. "A construção da identidade narrativa nas Memorias do Carcere de Graciliano Ramos". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270331.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Este trabalho faz uma investigação da construção da identidade narrativa, como formulada por Paul Ricoeur (1988), nas Memórias do Cárcere de Graciliano Ramos. Reflete sobre as condições históricas dos fatos narrados, especialmente sobre as condições de seu encarceramento na constituição da sua identidade. Analisa as características do texto de memórias e da sua relação com a autobiografia, a confissão e a ficção. Verifica a relação entre a obra de ficção de Graciliano e a obra memorialística pela forte presença daquela no texto desta, e analisa o processo de criação da identidade na elaboração do texto das memórias. Palavras-chave: memórias, identidade narrativa, estado de exceção, ipseidade, cárcere
Abstract: This paper explores the construction of the narrative identity developed by Paul Ricoeur (1988) in Memories of Prision by Graciliano Ramos. It aims to reflect on the historical conditions of the reported facts, especially about his imprisonment in his identity formation. An analysis was carried out to verify the characteristics of the memoirs text and to identify its relation to the autobiography, the confession and the fiction. It establishes the relationship between Graciliano Ramos¿s work of fiction and the literary production of memoirs. Key-words: memories, narrative identity, state of exception, ipséité, prision
Mestrado
Teoria e Critica Literaria
Mestre em Teoria e História Literária
ALMEIDA, Hítalo Tiago Nogueira de. "A exceção (é) a regra: os direitos humanos entre a biopolítica e o Estado de exceção em Giorgio Agamben". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17445.
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Possui como escopo o presente trabalho analisar de que maneira o pensamento do filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben pode contribuir para as discussões acerca dos direitos humanos, propondo, ao término, uma nova maneira de concebê-los. Isso porque, mesmo sendo uma categoria aceita, se não por todos, mas pela maioria de países e organismos, tanto nacionais quanto internacionais, suas violações continuam a recrudescer, pois o fato de ser humano resta insuficiente para garanti-los, além da circunstância peculiar de que mesmo quem os viola o faz em seu nome. Ao apontar as suas incongruências, pretende-se inquirir o porquê dessa sua flexibilidade. Para indagar a razão desse fato, faz-se necessária uma tentativa de radiografar algumas características formadoras da sociedade atual, a qual para ele é marcada pelos conceitos de biopolítica e de estado de exceção. Assim, verificar-se-á alguns atributos até então negligenciados, descobrindo, ao cabo, uma série de paradoxos que constituem tais direitos. Nesse diapasão, eles precisam urgentemente de uma nova maneira de compreender a vida humana, seu objeto de proteção por excelência, de modo a afastar as exclusões que lhes são adjacentes para, através disso, abrir outra possibilidade de entendimento.
The present work aims to analyze how the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben might contribute for the discussions concerning human rights, proposing at its end, a new way of conceiving them. That is because even being a category which is accepted, if not by all, however by most organizations, both national and international, its violations continue to increase, because the fact of being human presents itself insufficient to secure such rights, apart from the peculiar circumstance that even the ones who perpetrate violations of human rights, do it on their behalf. By pointing out these inconsistencies, it is intended to investigate the reason of such flexibility. In order to question the main reason of such fact, it is necessary an attempt to examine some characteristics of the formation of the present society, which in his view, it is marked by the concepts of Biopolitics and state of exception. By doing this, it will be possible to verify some attributes which, so far, have been neglected, and at the end, finding out a series of paradoxes, which constitute such rights. In this scenario, human rights are in urgent need of a new way of understanding human life, par excellence, the object of its protection, in order to remove its related exclusions, and by doing so, open another possibility of understanding.
Mello, Suzana Campos de Albuquerque. "A Exceção e a Regra de Bertolt Brecht ou a exceção como regra: uma leitura". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8144/tde-01122009-125813/.
Texto completoThis work consists of a reading of the text of the German playwright Bertold Brechts didactic play Die Ausnahme und die Regel (The exception and the rule), written in 1929/1930. This is a reading from a Brazilian academic perspective which takes into consideration aspects of the authors stylistic procedure, his positioning towards theater, the context in which the play was written, the audience to whom it was produced, its place in Brechts set of didactic plays and the review of unpublished texts for two choruses, as well as indications for other readings and stagings. From these assumptions, in the end of the work, we aim at outlining a possible dialogue Brecht established with the jurist Carl Schmitt and with society in his times.
Litsis, Giorgos. "Biopolitical bodies at the Greek-Turkish border". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22205.
Texto completoJansson, Sofi. "Sweden and its Historical Productions of Migrant Detainabilities". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22811.
Texto completoNorin, Jansson Annie. "Exceptional foreigners : Analysing the discourses around immigration detention in Sweden". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-274564.
Texto completoKusevski, Dragan. "(Un)exceptional Measures Against a Housing Crisis - A Study of Temporary Housing in Sweden". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23121.
Texto completoFavaretto, Caio Mendonça Ribeiro. "Do governo dos vivos: Giorgio Agamben, biopolítica e Estado de exceção". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-13122016-121742/.
Texto completoThe Homo Sacer project, the pillar of Giorgio Agambens later thought, seeks to operate a critique of the Western political apparatus, supported by a reading of modernity that points to the persistence, at its very core, of a negative metaphysics of juridicotheological origin. This critique derives primarily from a reading of Michel Foucaults studies on biopolitics, allied with a second debate, held between Carl Schmitt and Walter Benjamin, on the relationship between sovereignty and the state of exception. For the Italian thinker, the modern state is marked by the progressive coincidence between the political space, life-management and the state of exception. Based on this thesis, Agamben elects the concentration camp rather than the polis as the fundamental political paradigm of the West.
Xavier, Luiz Gustavo Vidal. "O estado de exceção no cinema brasileiro contemporâneo". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=706.
Texto completoThis paper aims to understand how the Brazilian cinema - designed as a symptom of our social juncture, as a result of economic conditions, political and cultural of our time points out the existence of a permanent state of exception in our legal and political structure. We will try to establish a theoretical path (Foucault, Arendt and Schmitt) to situate from where Giorgio Agamben starts in hisconception of state of exception as the contemporary biopolitic reality . The Italian philosopher focuses on the current paradigm of government: a State without rights, a legal uncertainty, a "land of nobody." The films chosen - "Notícias de uma guerra particular," "O prisioneiro da grade de ferro" and "Tropa de elite" - will give us the impact of the cinema as an experience to make a certain restlessness of our social reality visible
Beye, Pape Moussa. "Libéralisme et exception : l'état de droit et le système onusien de sécurité collective à l'épreuve du jihadisme international". Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020027/document.
Texto completoOutstanding event, September 11 attacks marked the entrance of the world politics to the era of the threat of the international jihadism. If the appearance of this threat is previous in 2001, the qaidiste attack committed against the United States indeed represented a large-scale qualitative jump, in the fact that it was synonymic of aggression committed by private actors at the heart of the cold postwar hyperpower, and in the fact that it constitued the starting point of a considerable development of the jihadist danger. From the spectacular destruction of the World Trade Center to the attacks of November 13th, via the kidnapping of the high school students of Chibok or the erection of the Islamic State, the jihadism came to represent a really global challenge, in the forms as diverse asvaried. Privileged targets of the Jihadist strengths, the western liberal democracies have then answered this challenge by making a commitment in a multifaceted ''war against the terrorism'' (military interventions, antiterrorist measures, etc.). If several extreme left-wing intellectuals, registered in a perspective of critic of the political liberalism, considered, by being inspired by Carl Schmitt's reflection, that the contemporary western States are plunged into a permanent state of exception, which the fight against the jihadism constitued either the trigger, or the revelation, we consider for our part, that this thesis does not simply allow to be made an exact idea of the legal and political effects of the post-September 11's anti-jihadism. Where from the necessity of discussing it by proceeding to the in-depth study of the context and the principles to which refers
Nakamura, Emmanuel Zenryo Chaves. "Critica a lei da apropriação capitalista = a acumulação do capital e a sua zona de anomia". [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278933.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: No campo de análise marxista, uma das tentativas contemporâneas de fornecer um diagnóstico histórico contemporâneo reavalia o papel da "acumulação originária". A acumulação de capital baseada na violência não seria uma etapa "originária" e nem uma forma exterior ao capitalismo, pois, por meio da violência de Estado, o capital criaria e preservaria as "condições assimétricas" da troca de mercadorias e a "acumulação por despossessão" (D. Harvey). Distintamente, no campo da filosofia política, uma outra tentativa de diagnosticar os problemas sociais contemporâneos baseia-se, principalmente, nos conceitos de W. Benjamin e M. Foucault. Esse ponto de vista procura analisar de maneira abrangente a "estrutura originária da estatalidade" e diagnostica que o estado de exceção tende a se apresentar como paradigma de governo dominante na política contemporânea (G. Agamben). Esta dissertação de mestrado pressupõe esses diagnósticos históricos e tem como objetivo geral analisar o conceito marxiano de "acumulação originária" e sua relação com a lei da apropriação capitalista. O objetivo específico é reconstituir a apresentação da crítica à Economia Política do Livro Primeiro d?O Capital, ressaltando a autonomia logicamente progressiva dos meios de produção e vida em relação aos indivíduos. A hipótese desta pesquisa é que uma análise conceitual imanente da "acumulação originária" nos fornecerá elementos para começar a esboçar uma atualização da crítica marxiana à relação de trabalho assalariado, tendo como pressuposto histórico os diagnósticos contemporâneos que relacionam "violência e economia" e "violência e direito". A tese esboçada preliminarmente nesta dissertação e que orienta esta análise é que a "acumulação por despossessão" é uma tendência de "captura" da violência originária "extraeconômica" no domínio legal da relação contemporânea de trabalho assalariado. Desse modo, esta dissertação pressupõe aqueles diagnósticos históricos contemporâneos, mas objetiva começar a esboçar um horizonte de legitimação do próprio diagnóstico histórico, na perspectiva presente na apresentação dialética, que reconstitui categorialmente a lógica das relações sociais capitalistas, a partir da gênese histórica do capitalismo na separação entre trabalho livre e condições objetivas de sua efetivação
Abstract: In the field of Marxist analysis, one of the contemporaries attempts to provide a contemporary historical diagnosis reevaluates the role of "originary accumulation". The accumulation of capital based on violence would not be an "originary" stage or an external form to the capitalism, because, through State violence, the capital would create and preserve the "asymmetric conditions" of commodity exchange and the "accumulation by dispossession" (D. Harvey). Distinctly, in the political philosophy field, another attempt to diagnose the contemporaries? socials problems is based, mainly, on the concepts of W. Benjamin and M. Foucault. This point of view tries to analyze, in a comprehensively manner, the "originary structure of the state" and it diagnoses that the exception state tends to present itself as the dominant paradigm of government in the contemporary politics (G. Agamben). This master's degree dissertation presupposes those historical diagnoses and it has as general objective to analyze the Marxian concept of "originary accumulation" and its relation with the law of the capitalist appropriation. The specific objective is to reconstitute the presentation of the critique of Political Economy of the First Book of The Capital, emphasizing the autonomy logically progressive of the means of production and life in relation to the individuals. The hypothesis of this research is that a conceptual immanent analysis of the "originary accumulation" will provide elements to begin to sketch an updating of the Marxian critique to the salaried work relation, having as historical presupposition the contemporary diagnoses that relate "violence and economy" and "violence and right". The preliminary sketched thesis in this dissertation guiding this analysis is that the "accumulation by dispossession" is a tendency of "capture" of the "extraeconomic" originary violence in the legal domain of contemporary relation of salaried work. This way, this dissertation presupposes those contemporary historical diagnoses, but objectives to begin to sketch an horizon of legitimation of historical diagnosis itself in the present perspective in the dialectical presentation that reconstitutes in a categorial manner the logic of the capitalist social relations, starting from the historical genesis of capitalism in separation between free labor and objective conditions of their effectivation
Mestrado
Filosofia
Mestre em Filosofia
Brito, Juliana Gomes Machado. "Copa pra quem? Estado de exceção e resistências em torno da Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-31072015-164458/.
Texto completoThis dissertation consists of a study about the FIFA World Cup 2014 effects, from the power and resistance relations that were established around it. By examining the normative production laws, decrees, edicts and other rules produced under the justification of the megaevent -, this study describes by what means was possible to introduce in the law system a group of excepcion laws, meaning here as a government dispositif. Also, by describing the demarcation of exclusive comercial zones in the public space, the study pursues to look the manner how that rules could be territorialized, aiming to garantee the creation of market for a group of companies linked to FIFA. Finally, we describe the resistance that articulated around the 2014 World Cup, meaning the gravitation field that permitted to put the soccer in the centre of the right to the city\'s conflict.
Comitre, Felipe [UNESP]. "Planejamento urbano em Sorocaba-SP: a militarização urbana e o estado de exceção". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152569.
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A violência urbana vem sendo analisada por diferentes correntes científicas e metodológicas, fator que evidencia o seu caráter multidisciplinar. Os principais estudos se direcionam para a análise das principais causas e consequências da criminalidade nas cidades para, posteriormente, propor-se possíveis soluções para atenuar o problema que se incide no espaço urbano. Muitas vezes, a ciência geográfica se esforça em analisar a distribuição espacial dos crimes nas cidades para gerar informações que tentam revelar se as cidades, os bairros ou as regiões podem ser considerados violentos para, enfim, se estabelecer um indicador de violência. Entretanto, acredita-se que os estudos geográficos podem contribuir com reflexões que transcendem a quantificação relacionada à esfera físico-territorial dos crimes, permitindo a compreensão da relação entre violência e espaço urbano de forma mais ampla, especialmente pela interferência da violência na reprodução do espaço urbano. O intuito da tese consiste em revelar como a violência urbana tem sido utilizada como motivação para a criação de estratégias pelo poder público legitimar e impor novas normas e leis como forma de combatê-la, destacando-se a imposição do novo urbanismo militar, que muitas vezes estimula parcerias entre o poder público e o setor privado. Como se tratam de tentativas de se reduzir a violência nas cidades, as políticas públicas respaldadas pelo novo urbanismo militar são habitualmente aceitas por grande parcela da sociedade. Contudo, será analisado que muitas das leis e normas de combate aos crimes resultam na negação de direitos elementares já conquistados pelos cidadãos. A contenção da violência urbana sob a égide do novo urbanismo militar tende a gerar um processo contraditório, pois possibilita, simultaneamente, o retrocesso de garantias básicas do indivíduo pelo não cumprimento de leis e a ampliação da jurisdição repressivo-penal nas cidades, sendo essas destinadas quase que exclusivamente aos grupos sociais estigmatizados e criminalizados. O processo de retirar e impor direitos, normas e leis, de acordo com as particularidades sociais, econômicas e étnicas, confere a formação e ampliação do estado de exceção, entendido na tese pela perspectiva agambeniana como a exclusão por meio da suspensão de direitos dos cidadãos. A inter-relação entre violência, planejamento urbano e estado de exceção foi analisada de forma empírica por meio do estudo de caso das principais políticas públicas de combate à violência executadas no município de Sorocaba entre os anos de 1997 e 2017. No recorte temporal mencionado, se evidencia o avanço de normas e leis instituídas que convergem com os ideais do novo urbanismo militar e com a ampliação do estado de exceção, destacando-se as ocupações policiais em bairros periféricos, a Lei dos Bares, a implantação de câmeras de monitoramento e a privatização do espaço público.
Urban violence has been analyzed by different scientific and methodological currents, a factor that shows its multidisciplinary character. The main studies are directed to the analysis of the main causes and consequences of crime in the cities and, later, to propose possible solutions to mitigate the problem that affects the urban space. Often, geographic science endeavors to analyze the spatial distribution of crime in cities to generate information that tries to reveal whether cities, neighborhoods or regions can be considered violent, in order to establish an indicator of violence. However, it is believed that geographic studies can contribute with reflections that transcend the quantification related to the physical-territorial sphere of the crimes, allowing an understanding of the relationship between violence and urban space in a broader way, especially by the interference of violence in space reproduction urban. The purpose of the thesis is to reveal how urban violence has been used as a motivation for the creation of strategies by the public power to legitimize and impose new norms and laws as a way to combat it, highlighting the imposition of new military urbanism, which many times encourages partnerships between public authorities and the private sector. As these are attempts to reduce violence in cities, public policies backed by new military urbanism are usually accepted by a large part of society. However, it will be analyzed with many laws and standards to combat crimes resulting from the denial of human rights, have already been conquered by citizens. The containment of urban violence under the aegis of the new military urbanism tends to generate a contradictory process, as it simultaneously facilitates the retreat of the basic guarantees of the individual for non-compliance with laws and the extension of the penal repressive jurisdiction in the cities that are almost destinated exclusively to stigmatized and criminalized social groups. The process of withdrawing and imposing rights, norms and laws, according to the social, economic and ethnic particularities, confers the formation and expansion of the state of exception, understood in the thesis by the agambenian perspective as the exclusion by means of the suspension of rights of the citizens. The interrelation between violence, urban planning and state of exception was analyzed empirically through a case study of the main public policies to combat violence carried out in the city of Sorocaba between 1997 and 2017. In the mentioned time-cut, there is evidence of the advance of norms and laws instituted that converge with the ideals of the new military urbanism and with the expansion of the state of exception, with special emphasis on police occupations in peripheral neighborhoods, the Law of Bars, the implantation of monitoring cameras and the privatization of public space.
Pereira, Márcio Fransen. "Bertolt Brecht : utopia e imagem : uma narrativa do exílio". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104357.
Texto completoIn this research, a path was developed for Bertolt Brecht specifics of his exile. The main focus was to draw relations between his position as an exiled person and the layers of brechtian thoughts verified by Fredric Jameson (2013), in the book Brecht method. The nature of Brecht's exile is understood as a displacement, within a state of exception, of an exile situation to a position of exile (DIDI-HUBERMAN, 2008) in which, among different characteristics, Brecht puts in evidence himself his own exception (AGAMBEN, 2004). At the end, psychoanalyst authors and utopian thinkers were used, bearing in mind the hypothesis that Brecht made a symptom out of his exile situation.
En la pesquisa desarrollamos un recorrido por Bertolt Brecht en la especialidad del su exilio. Objetivamente trazar relaciones entre su posición de exilado y las capas del pensamiento brechtiano verificado por Fredric Jameson (2013), en el libro Brecht y el Método. La constitución del exilio de Brecht es entendida como un desplazamiento, dentro del estado de excepción, de una situación del exilio para una posición de exilio (DIDI-HUBERMAN, 2008) que, entre distintas características, evidencia la propia excepción (AGAMBEN, 2004). Al fin del recurrido producimos, a partir de autores de la psicoanálisis y del pensamiento utópico, con la hipótesis de que Brecht hizo de su situación de exilio un síntoma.
Barsalini, Glauco 1972. "Estado de exceção permanente = soberania, violência e direito na obra de Giorgio Agamben". [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280805.
Texto completoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A presente tese de doutorado tem por escopo discutir aspectos da teoria política de Giorgio Agamben, em especial os conceitos que ele apresenta a respeito do poder soberano, da violência do Estado contemporâneo, da exclusão, em razão do estado de exceção permanente, dos sujeitos sociais por ele chamados homo sacer e, finalmente, dos direitos humanos. A obra política de Giorgio Agamben se ergue sobre um intenso debate ocorrido especialmente entre três importantes pensadores contemporâneos: Carl Schmitt, Walter Benjamin e Hannah Arendt. Enquanto o pensador contemporâneo se utiliza de Schmitt para entender a condição violenta do Estado atual naquilo que corresponde ao estado de exceção e da consequente criação do campo como o espaço da consolidação da exceção; ele se aproxima de Arendt para discutir a democracia como uma proposta para o futuro, na perspectiva da criação efetiva do direito a ter direitos; e se fundamenta em Benjamin para compreender a condição violenta do Estado e do direito contemporâneos, descortinando o engodo gerado pelo mito do contrato social. Este trabalho se divide em seis capítulos, além de sua Introdução. No primeiro, discutiremos a questão da soberania, exceção, Estado e direito, traçando paralelos e demonstrando discordâncias entre fontes diretas e indiretas da obra de Agamben, como Carl Schmitt, Hans Kelsen, Max Weber e Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. No segundo capítulo, abordaremos os reflexos, no pensamento de Agamben, dos antagonismos entre as teorias de Schmitt, Benjamin, Kelsen e Arendt, no que concerne à questão da unidade e da pureza. No capítulo seguinte, concentraremos maior atenção sobre os conceitos de autoridade e poder, momento em que promoveremos um contraponto entre Arendt e Schmitt, observando os reflexos das formulações desses autores na filosofia política de Agamben. No quarto capítulo mostraremos as críticas, divergentes entre si, feitas por Arendt, de um lado, e Schmitt, de outro, sobre o problema da revolução permanente. Então, demonstraremos a influência de Karl Marx sobre a obra de Georges Sorel, e desta sobre a de Benjamin. Nesse momento, relacionaremos o messianismo de Benjamin com a "profecia" da "política que vem", feita por Agamben, além de demonstrarmos as proximidades de tal "profecia" com a concepção anárquica da política social desenvolvida por Foucault. No quinto capítulo, trabalharemos a questão do sagrado, do profano e do tempo que resta, este, tema de livro de Agamben, em que ele tem por referência preciosas formulações de São Paulo. O centro deste capítulo, além da obra mencionada, será o livro Homo Sacer: o poder soberano e a vida nua I. Finalmente, no capítulo derradeiro, abordaremos os temas direitos humanos e democracia, ao procedermos à conclusão deste trabalho
Abstract: This doctorate thesis has for its objective to discuss aspects of the political theory of Giorgio Agamben, especially the concepts that he presents in regards to the sovereign power, in regards to the violence of the contemporary State, in regards to the exclusion, on account of the state of permanent exception, of the social subjects by him called homo sacer and, finally, in regards to the human rights. The political work of Giorgio Agamben was based upon an intense debate occurring amongst three important contemporary thinkers: Carl Schmitt, Walter Benjamin and Hannah Arendt. While the contemporary thinker uses Schmitt to understand the violent condition of the present State in that that it corresponds to the state of exception and of the consequent creation of the rural environment as the space of the consolidation of the exception; he comes close to Arendt to argue the democracy as a proposal for the future, in the perspective of the effective creation of the right to have rights; and he bases in Benjamin to understand the violent condition of the State and of the contemporary rights, uncovering the decoy generated by the myth of the social contract. This work is composed of six chapters, not including the introduction. In the first chapter, we will discuss the question of sovereignty, governing by exception, State and right, drawing parallels and showing disagreements between direct and indirect sources of the work of Agamben, and Carl Schmitt, Hans Kelsen, Max Weber and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. In the second chapter, we will approach Agamben's thoughts about the consequences of the differences between the theories of Schmitt, Benjamin, Kelsen and Arendt, with respect to the question of unity and purity. In the following chapter, we will focus attention on the concepts of authority and power, when we will promote a counterpoint between Arendt and Schmitt, observing the consequences of the formulations of those authors in the political philosophy of Agamben. In the fourth chapter we will show the criticisms, made by Arendt, on one hand, and Schmitt, on the other, and about the problem of the permanent revolution. We will then demonstrate the influence of Karl Marx over the work of George Sorel, and also the influence of George Sorel over the work of Benjamin. At this moment, we will relate the messianism of Benjamin with the "prophecy" of the "politics that comes", made by Agamben, as well demonstrating the proximity of such "prophecy" with the anarchic conception of the social politics developed by Foucault. In the fifth chapter, we will pursue the question of the sacred, of the profane, and of the time that remains, the latter being the subject of the book of Agamben, in which he has referenced precious formulations of Saint Paul. The focus of this chapter, beyond the work mentioned, will be the book Homo Sacer: the sovereign power and the bare life. Finally, in the last chapter, we will approach the subjects of human rightsand democracy, after which we will proceed to the conclusion of this work
Doutorado
Filosofia
Doutor em Filosofia
Rovere, de Godoy Fernando Henrique 1989. "Hannah Arendt e Giorgio Agamben : duas visões do Estado de direito". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279519.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Neste Trabalho, o escopo é analisar como Giorgio Agamben e Hannah Arendt pensam a política contemporânea, principalmente a relação da política com o direito. A intenção é mostrar que, apesar de ambos os autores partirem de diagnósticos da modernidade bastante parecidos, chegam a lugares bem diferentes no tocante à relação do direito com a política. Ambos parecem compartilhar, à primeira vista, um diagnóstico de esvaziamento do espaço público, o predomínio da violência nas relações, uma sociedade massificada, a vida biológica ganhando centralidade nos contextos políticos, etc. Porém, com base nessas premissas, Agamben chega a teses como o Estado de Exceção permanente, o campo (de concentração) como paradigma da política contemporânea, a contiguidade entre o totalitarismo e a democracia e o caráter essencialmente violento do direito, teses essas que não podem ser aceitas por Arendt. A intenção é demonstrar que mesmo Arendt compartilhando esse diagnóstico com sua concepção de política pautada na pluralidade e na liberdade, ela enxerga outras perspectivas para a política atual, como o papel da Constituição de garantir as liberdades públicas
Abstract: This study aims to analyze how Giorgio Agamben and Hannah Arendt think the contemporary politics, chiefly the relation between politics and law. The intent is to show that, although both authors derive from very similar diagnosis of modernity, they reach well-distinct places regarding the relation between law and politics. Both of them seem to share, at first sight, a diagnosis of public space emptying, the predominance of the violence in relations, a massified society, the biological life acquiring centrality in political contexts etc. However, based on those premises, Agamben get to theses such as the state of permanent exception, camp (concentration) as a contemporary politics paradigm, the contiguity between the totalitarianism and democracy, and the essential violent character of the law, such theses which cannot be accepted by Arendt. The intent is to demonstrate that, although Arendt shared that diagnosis with his conception of politics guided by plurality and liberty, she sees other perspectives for the current politics, as the role of the constitution to assure the public liberties
Mestrado
Filosofia
Mestre em Filosofia
Alabsi, Mohamad Moustafa. "Exception, normativité et unité politique : l’Etat et son ennemi au Moyen-Orient,entre le démembrement l'empire ottoman et l'apparition de l’Etat islamique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALP002.
Texto completoThe reflection of this thesis work questions the idea of 'legitimacy', in the light of the civil war, and revolves around the relationship between order and law and the theoretical and practical crisis of normativity within the state and constitutional system of the Middle East.This thesis therefore lies at the indeterminate and uncertain boundaries of the logic of the law and its organising function, as it oscillates between the methodological field of order and the experimental field of observation of exception and indeterminacy. . Indeed, the study of a post-State context - or pre-State - requires the mobilization of theories and concepts originating from the territory of the exception, this makes it inevitable to be at the crossroads of several disciplines and several academic fields.The territorial rupture in Iraq and Syria and the spatial availability for the rebellion impose a visibility and historicity of the state of nature reflected in this civil and cross-border war. In the face of these events, the legal présupposées of the finalised character of the State and the legal continuity of the constitutional order come out deeply shaken, which reminds, especially from doctrinal perspective, of both conceptions of the order, that of the ‘normal and legal time’ attributed to Hans Kelsen and that of the ‘exceptional moment” attributed to Carl Schmitt.Thus our thesis text is divided into three parts:The first is the legal status of the State based on the international standard of interstate recognition. This allowed us to describe the fragility of the spatial order when various conceptions of legality and norm are opposed. With Hans Kelsen, in whom an internal and external conception of the pure norm and the nomological function of law is emerging, we wanted to highlight the profound contradictions of the concrete order in the rising with the theoretical hypotheses and abstract conception of the constitutional State.In our second part, which is about 'metaphysical and spatial rupture', we have resorted to the thought of Carl Schmitt, for whom legitimacy is not limited to legality nor the State to the constitution. The modern Middle East offers a concrete illustration of Schmittian concepts. Firstly by the contradiction between this interstate order with that of the Jus publicum europaeum, a product of the European spatial and physical order. Then because of the totalitarian rupture during which the State is reduced to the Party and politics to religiosity and uniqueness. The fate of the post-totalitarian State, such as that of Iraq and Syria, also invokes Arendt's work on totalitarianism and Gauchet's work on the metaphysics of unity and political expression of the religious phenomenon. In fact, the Potestas indirecta, a Hobbesian and Schmittian notion, could explain on the occasion of this crisis of unity and religion the logics of continuity and rupture that are discussed by these three authors. In the light of this theoretical association, we define the Exception as the crisis of the Decision and not as the appeal for recovery requesting the Decision.Our third part deals with the Katechon, the theological-political principle of continuity and conservation. We first define the conceptual value of this concept at Hobbes and Schmitt thoughts, and then extend it to the Hegelian condition of civil society and the current aspirations of Arab societies about political change. This part returns first to the crisis of legality, rather than legitimacy, that characterizes the Islamist political project (especially moderate Islamism). Then it evokes political nominalism and the dialectical relationship it defines between ideas and action on the one hand and the project of change on the other
Medeiros, Eduardo Luiz. "Devido processo constitucional e a (in)efetividade das garantias processuais nos processos administrativos militares pós-1988: estado democrático de direito ou estado de exceção?" Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3645.
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As arbitrariedades nos processos administrativos disciplinares militares são um fenômeno que vem se manifestando nas instituições militares pós-Constituição de 1988. Violações a princípios como devido processo legal, legalidade, estado de inocência, ampla defesa e contraditório, proporcionalidade da punição, respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana, razoabilidade e proporcionalidade, dentre outros, são comuns nas casernas. Este estudo analisa abusos decorrentes nos processos disciplinares nas Forças Armadas e Forças Auxiliares, demonstrando violações constitucionais do processo em casos concretos pós-redemocratização por meio de pesquisa doutrinária e jurisprudencial. Tal fato torna-se um enigma, ou seja, o enigma da legalidade autoritária, invertendo-se o Estado Democrático de Direito pelo Estado de Exceção. Resposta disso é fruto de um militarismo conservador, com a mesma tradição do período ditatorial (1964-1985) empleno século XXI, soçobrando direitos e garantias constitucionais do processo assegurados pela Carta Magna. Seria a falta de uma justiça de transição? A saída dessa “legalidade” autoritária passa pela conscientização e pelo respeito aos direitos humanos, inerentes ao homem. O que se busca é justamente a transição do Estado de Exceção para o Estado Democrático de Direito, tendo em vista que, sem direitos do homem reconhecidos e efetivamente protegidos, não existe democracia; sem democracia não existem condições mínimas para a solução pacífica dos conflitos que surgem entre os indivíduos e entre grupos.
The arbitrariness in administrative disciplinary military proceedings are a phenomenon that hás manifested itself in military institutions after the Constitution of 1988. Violations as: due process of law, legality, state of innocence, legal defense and contradictory, disproportionate punishments, lack of respect for human dignity, fairness and proportionality, among others, are common in the barracks. This study examines abuses in disciplinary proceedings in the Armed Forces and Auxiliary Forces, showing constitutional violations of the process in individual cases after (re) democratization through doctrinal and jurisprudential research. This fact becomes a puzzle, the puzzle of authoritarian legality, reverting the Democratic State of Law to a State Exception. The answer to that is the result of a conservative militarism, with the same tradition of the dictatorship period (1964-1985) in the XXI century, capsizing constitutional rights and guarantees of the process provided by the Constitution. Would it be a lack of transitional justice? The output of this authoritarian “legality” is awareness and respect for human rights inherent in man. What is sought is precisely the transition from the State of Exception by the Democratic State of Law, considering that without human rights recognized and effectively protected there is no democracy, and without democracy there is no minimum conditions for the peaceful settlement of conflicts that arise between individuals and between groups.
Santos, Vivian Palma Braga dos. "A arte da elaboração: poéticas artísticas contemporâneas como espaços para a construção de memórias". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27160/tde-07022014-164058/.
Texto completoThis research has as a starting point the observation of some poetics contemporary art that present experiences and/or memories concerning the States of exception as the main object of their work. This critical study is based on the hypothesis that these works of art can also be interpreted as spaces for the elaboration of memories and that these mnemonics constructions lead to a reconstruction of social identities fractured during the moment of exception. For each of these works of art the name \"elaboration\"s art\" is suggested. This concept is adopted in this research and is based on two different appliances of the term \"elaboration\" that can be found in the Freudian psychoanalytical theory.
MourÃo, Alexandre de Albuquerque. "ResistÃncias à biopolÃtica na educaÃÃo: arte ativista na exceÃÃo brasileira". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10245.
Texto completoA partir do contexto de uma realidade BiopolÃtica, articulada com as doutrinas neoliberais, apontadas por Michel Foucault, procuraremos, em um primeiro momento, relacionar esse poder sobre as espÃcies e as populaÃÃes, com os conceitos de Estado de ExceÃÃo e Homo Sacer desenvolvidos por Giorgio Agamben. à dizer, situaremos de que maneira os temas referentes à exceÃÃo brasileira â a influÃncia da Ditadura Militar na democracia â se articulam com a educaÃÃo. Nesse sentido, essa dissertaÃÃo tem como objetivo realizar uma pesquisa das prÃticas de arte ativista, as denominadas intervenÃÃes urbanas educativas, Ãs biopolÃticas incrementadas do perÃodo da Ditadura Militar atà hoje. Trata-se de pesquisar de que maneira essas intervenÃÃes urbanas se colocam como estratÃgias de resistÃncia educacional ao campo biopolÃtico. Como metodologia, escolheremos a pesquisa bibliogrÃfica e documental em livros, fotografias, vÃdeos e imagens referentes à temÃtica. Apresentaremos as estratÃgias de resistÃncia à biopolÃtica, com foco na apresentaÃÃo dos trabalhos de trÃs coletivos que vem desenvolvendo IntervenÃÃes Urbanas, de arte e resistÃncia ao modelo de exceÃÃo brasileiro iniciado pela Ditadura Militar e presente na atualidade. Analisaremos experiÃncias do coletivo fortalezense Aparecidos PolÃticos, do paulista Coletivo PolÃtico QUEM e do nacional Levante Popular da Juventude. SerÃo apresentadas algumas intervenÃÃes dos coletivos realizadas entre os anos de 2010 e 2012 centradas nas questÃes concernentes Ãs exceÃÃes brasileiras. Finalizaremos a dissertaÃÃo relacionando com os aportes teÃricos levantados, os trabalhos desses coletivos, e demonstrando de que forma essas intervenÃÃes urbanas educativas vÃm, de alguma maneira, quebrando consensos estabelecidos em relaÃÃo à educaÃÃo e à realidade.
At first, from the perpective of a biopolitic reality and neoliberal doctrine pointed by Michel Focault, this writting will describe the interectation between the power over species and population with the concepts of "Exception State" and "Homo Sacer", which was developed by Giorgio Agamben. In addition, it will be made referance of how, themes such as the brazilian exception - the influence of military dictactorship in democracy- and education can be articulated. The aim of this dissertation is to research how the artistic intervention on urban areas about the military dictatorship, named as "education urban intervention" can be used as educational strategy in the biopolitc field. The methodology we choose was the bibliographic and documental research, books, photography, videos and images refering to the topic were used. Whatsmore, there will be presented the work of three groups, called "coletivos" which have been using those urban interventions and its strategies. The name of those are : "Aparecidos PolÃtcos" from Fortaleza , "Coletivo PolÃtico QUEM" from SÃo Paulo and the national wide "Levante Popular da Juventude", This intervention are between the years 2010 and 2012 and are linked with the brazilian exception. The dissertation ends with the relationship of the studieded theories, the work of theses colectives and a demonstration at the way this educational urban interventions changes the way people see the education and the reallity.
Sahd, Fábio Bacila. "As violações impunes de direitos humanos e humanitários dos palestinos vivendo sob a ocupação israelense: possíveis interpretações". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8161/tde-21022018-102435/.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the conflict in Palestine/Israel, more specifically the policies of the Israeli occupation in the Gaza Strip and West Bank and the Palestinian vulnerability, from 1967 to the present day. To analyze the conflict and the occupation they are contextualized in the contemporary world and in the region and the specific and general bibliography are compared to human and humanitarian rights reports. One checks to what extent this documentation endorses or undermines different interpretations of the conflict and Israeli occupation, as well as what other readings are suggested by their analysis. It is the permanence of the impasse that keeps the theme always current, justifying its study. Is verified the maintenance of a peculiar pattern of systematic violations of the human and humanitarian rights of the Palestinians by the State and part of the Israeli population, which keeps them exposed to sovereign violence, and the pertinence of the concept of state terrorism and of the agambean categories of homo sacer and camp to understand this situation.
Freitas, Maria Seabra Aveiro de. "Estratégia, Securitização e Direitos Humanos no Século XXI Estudo de Caso: Genocídio dos Rohingya 2012-2019". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21528.
Texto completoO ano de 2012 assinalou o princípio de uma campanha segregacionista, através de um combinado de medidas discriminatórias, violação de Direitos Humanos e difusão célere de retóricas islamofóbicas, responsável por identificar a comunidade Rohingya como ameaça interna à sobrevivência de Myanmar. O resultado seria a propagação de confrontos civis e, em 2017, a execução de uma ofensiva militar genocida contra a minoria, cumprida pelas Forças Militares mianmarenses no Estado de Rakhine. Apesar do conflito evocar dimensões étnicoreligiosas (Budismo versus Islamismo), argumenta-se que a securitização societal dos Rohingya se reforçou pela existência de interesses geoestratégicos nacionais e internacionais, desempenhando um papel significativo na sua continuidade e intensificação, em especial, com o desenvolvimento económico, abertura ao comércio internacional e aposta no investimento estrangeiro da antiga Birmânia. Através de uma abordagem descritiva e analítica a um Estudo de Caso (O Genocídio dos Rohingya 2012-2019) e aplicando o método dedutivo, a presente Dissertação, sob perspectiva pós-positivista, esforça-se por delinear uma possível resposta à questão de partida “De que forma o processo de Securitização Societal dos Rohingya – que tem colocado em risco a protecção e respeito dos Direitos Humanos desta minoria -, em especial entre 2012 e 2019, pode ser considerado como uma das acções políticas que contribuiu para a concretização de interesses geoestratégicos do Governo de Myanmar no Estado de Rakhine”. Esta Dissertação, através do levantamento bibibliográfico, maioritariamente, qualitativo, visa clarificar as dinâmicas geoestratégicas correlacionadas com as práticas de violência contra o grupo étnico em análise, como um dos elementos que afluíram, dentro de um sistema de interconexões variadas, no esforço de destruição da minoria. Pretende-se ainda elucidar sobre as etapas do processo de securitização dos Rohingya, bem como os abusos aos Direitos Humanos e à dignidade humana de que têm sido alvo, sobretudo, após a declaração de Estado de Emergência pelo Governo birmanês.
2012 marked the beginning of a segregationist campaign, through a combination of discriminatory measures, Human Rights violations and Islamophobic rhetoric rapid dissemination, responsible for identifying the Rohingya community as an internal threat to Myanmar's survival. The result would be the spread of civil strife and, in 2017, the execution of a genocidal military offensive against the minority, carried out by the Myanmar military forces in the state of Rakhine. Despite the conflict evoking ethnic-religious dimensions (Buddhism versus Islam), it’s argued that the Rohingya’s societal securitization was reinforced by the existence of national and international geo-strategic interests, playing a significant role in its continuity and intensification, especially with the economic development, the openness to international trade and the betting on foreign investment of former Burma. Through a descriptive and analytical approach to a Case Study (The Rohingya’s Genocide 2012-2019) and by applying the deductive method, this Dissertation, under a post-positivist perspective, strives to outline a possible answer to the main question “How the Rohingya's Societal Securitization process - which has jeopardized the protection and respect of this minority’s human rights -, especially between 2012 and 2019, can be considered as one of the political actions that contributed to the realization of geostrategic interests by the Government of Myanmar in Rakhine State? ”. This Dissertation, through a bibliographic survey, mostly qualitative, aims to clarify the geostrategic dimensions correlated with the practices of violence against the ethnic group under analysis, as one of the elements that converged, within a system of varied interconnections, to the minority extermination effort. It’s also intended to elucidate the stages of the Rohingya’ securitization process, as well as the Human Rights and Human Dignity’ abuses of which they have been targeted, mainly after the declaration of State of Emergency by the Burmese Government.
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Silva, Henrique Candido da. "A intervenção humanitária e a (in)decisão soberana". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6846.
Texto completoThe background to this paper is the challenging field of the human security, where the objects of reference are the State and the sovereign decision; and the main issue is the use of emergency measures, such as the humanitarian intervention. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the discussion about the priority between the safety of States or of human beings, especially when it comes to the paradox of the defence of Human Rights through force, or, in other words, protection of life through the production of death. In order to do so, the ontogenetic analysis of the state of exception will be employed, showing that the permission to the use of force, concretized through the humanitarian intervention, exposes man s humanity to something that can, simultaneously, save it and destroy it, constituting an autoimmune malfunction of the Law s autopoietic system. Our conclusion, therefore, is that the sedimentation of the idea of prevention in the global community is the most appropriate element to the safeguard of the Human Rights, and that the considerations on the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention prove themselves to be useless, be it because they constitute an immunizer instrument that searches its legitimation in the inclusion of life through its suspension, be it because it constitutes a pretentiously juridical action occurring in an anomic field where the corpus won the battle against the free man
O presente trabalho tem como pano de fundo o campo desafiador da segurança humana, onde o Estado e a decisão soberana são os objetos de referência; e o uso de medidas de emergência, como a intervenção humanitária, a preocupação central. Objetiva este trabalho contribuir com a discussão sobre a prioridade entre segurança dos Estados ou dos seres humanos, especificamente sobre o paradoxo da defesa dos Direitos Humanos através da força, ou melhor, da defesa da vida pela produção da morte. Para tanto, lançaremos mão da análise ontogenética do fenômeno estado de exceção, verificando que a permissão do uso da força, concretizada pela intervenção humanitária, expõe a humanidade do homem àquilo que pode simultaneamente salvá-la e aniquilá-la, constituindo, assim, uma disfunção autoimune do sistema autopoiético do direito. Concluiremos, portanto, que a sedimentação da ideia de prevenção na comunidade mundial é o elemento mais apropriado para a salvaguarda dos Direitos Humanos, e que restam inúteis as considerações de legalidade da intervenção humanitária, seja por se tratar de um instrumento imunizador que busca sua legitimação através da inclusão da vida por meio da sua suspensão, seja por constituir uma ação pretensamente jurídica incidente em um campo anômico onde o corpus ganhou a batalha contra o homem livre
Nascimento, Daniel Arruda. "Do fim da experiência ao fim do jurídico = percurso de Giorgio Agamben". [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280810.
Texto completoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Tem a presente pesquisa o intuito de identificar e mapear na obra ainda em formação do filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben o percurso que, do ponto de vista da filosofia política, leva de um composto de reflexões em torno da crítica da cultura às incursões decisivas do que aqui chamei de crítica do jurídico, priorizando num primeiro momento as leituras de Infanzia e storia, La comunità che viene e Il tempo che resta, e num segundo momento os livros que se inserem no projeto Homo sacer, especialmente Homo sacer: il potere sovrano e la nuda vita, Stato di eccezione e Quel che resta di Auschwitz. Se o nosso século é aquele em que a sociedade tornada espetacular culmina na erosão de toda experiência possível, ele é também aquele em que os conceitos jurídicos perdem sempre mais sua materialidade: em nome da defesa do direito chegamos contraditoriamente a uma realidade jurídica rarefeita. Explorando os diálogos estabelecidos pelo filósofo com outros filósofos, tais como Walter Benjamin e Michel Foucault, e outras áreas do saber constituído, tais como a história, a literatura ou a teoria social, o texto que se segue buscará permitir visualizar um complexo diagnóstico. Através do uso de conceitos políticos basilares e do auxílio de determinadas figuras paradigmáticas, veremos como o liame entre soberania, exceção e vida nua contamina todo o espaço político contemporâneo. O fruto do trabalho que agora se apresenta não quer todavia somente decifrar ou diagramar um cenário decomposto. Pode ser que, em última instância, ele queira também contribuir, ainda que modestamente, para desobstruir - como escreve o filósofo na introdução do primeiro livro da série Homo sacer - o campo em direção à nova política que ainda resta inventar
Abstract: The present research's goal is to map and identify a path in Giorgio Agamben's on-going work that, from the perspective of political philosophy, leads from a cluster of reflections around cultural critics to decisive incursions of what here I called juridical critics, prioritizing in the first moment the readings of Infanzia e storia, La comunità che viene and Il tempo che resta, and in a second moment the books which belong to the project Homo sacer, specially Homo sacer: il potere sovrano e la nuda vita, Stato di eccezione and Quel che resta di Auschwitz. If our century is the one in which society becoming spectacular culminates in the erosion of every possible experience, it is also the one where the juridical concepts loose more and more their materiality: in behalf of right's defense we arrive contradictorily at a thin juridical reality. Exploring the dialogs established by Agamben with others philosophers, such as Walter Benjamin and Michel Foucault, as well with others areas of constitutive knowledge, like history, literature or social theory, the text that follows will search to allow the visualization of a complex diagnosis. Through the use of basic political concepts and with the assistance of some paradigmatic figures, we shall see how the bond between sovereignty, exception and bare life contaminates the entire contemporaneous political space. However, the fruit of the work which now comes to presentation does not only intend to decipher or to diagrammatize a decomposed scenario. It might be that, in the last instance, it also wishes to contribute, even if modestly, to open the field up - or as the philosopher writes in the introduction of the first book of his Homo sacer series - to clean the way towards the new politics which remains largely to be invented
Doutorado
Historia da Filosofia Contemporanea
Doutor em Filosofia
Roque, José Manuel de Carvalho. "Resistência e crise do estado social – contributo para uma teoria crítica". Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15262.
Texto completoEm vários países da Europa ocidental vem sendo perseguido, desde há décadas, um modelo de organização política e económica baseado na democracia representativa e no império da lei, apoiado ainda numa componente social que vai ao encontro de direitos sociais, económicos e culturais dos cidadãos, juridicamente garantidos em catálogos de crescente amplitude e conteúdo, a imporem aos Estados um cada vez maior esforço orçamental, criando também uma consciência colectiva de bens adquiridos e eximidos ao poder de disposição do Estado. Todavia, desde o princípio deste século, alguns Estados defrontam-se com graves problemas financeiros, decorrentes do abrandamento da economia, do aumento das despesas e da crescente dificuldade de financiamento da dívida, associada a crises dos sectores imobiliário e bancário. Alguns Estados obtiveram empréstimos de emergência, contraídos junto de um consórcio de três entidades (troika), concedidos contra a aplicação de medidas de orientação neoliberal, implicando redução da presença do Estado na economia, aligeiramento da protecção jurídica das relações laborais e forte compressão das despesas sociais públicas. As medidas impostas neste quadro terão atingido direitos dos cidadãos, que opuseram resistência, de forma genericamente não violenta. Estuda-se a fundamentação da resistência em Estado de Direito democrático social, no quadro da crise do Estado social.
For decades, several west European countries have pursued a model of political and economic organization based upon representative democracy, rule of law and a social component that meets citizens’ social, economic and cultural rights, lawfully guaranteed and of increasing reach and content, thereby requiring a growing public budgetary effort, as well as creating a collective perception of lawfully protected goods, beyond the power of disposition of the state. Yet, since the beginning of this century, some states are faced with grievous financial problems, arising from economic slowdown, increased expenditures and growing difficulty to procure public debt financing, linked to crises of their sovereign debts and of the housing and banking sectors. Some states obtained emergency loans from a consortium of three instances (troika), granted against forcible application of neoliberal-oriented politics, implying privatization of public services, relaxation of labour protection and strong compression of social expenditures. The political measures taken may have negatively impacted the rights of citizens, who opposed generically non-violent resistance. The work addresses the fundaments of resistance in the modern west European democratic state, in the framework of the crisis of the social state.
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Reis, Júnior José Carvalho dos. "Estado de exceção no Direito Penal e Processual Penal brasileiro contemporâneo". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2019. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21986.
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The present thesis seeks to achieve a theoretical approximation between the concept of State of exception, as an expression of legal suspension of the norm, and the contemporary criminal and procedural Brazilian reality. For this purpose, we will make a picture of the constitucional criminal system of individual guarantees and liberties, presenting to the reader it’s line of action and the importance of the institutes in the democratic system model. In the following chapter we will reconstruct the concepts of State, Constitucional state, Liberal State of Law, Social State of law until we arrive at the current model, the democratic State governed by the rule of the law, demonstrating to the reader it’s bases and primacy. In the sequence we will trace the historical and philosophical evolution of the State of exception, starting from it’s core, in the Roman "iustitium", addressing here the conceptions formulated by Carl Schmitt and, at the modern time, by Giorgio Agamben. When approaching the state of exception, we will present its modern "branches" and its way of acting, notably the judicial activism, the central point of our study, as well as its differentiation with "decrees of urgency", in the Brazilian case the state of siege and of defense. In the last chapter we will present paradigmatic case studies of manifestation, even if shy, of the State of exception within the Brazilian legal regime, drawing the reader the risks of acceptance of this model, especially in the field of legal security and harmony of the system
O presente trabalho busca realizar uma aproximação teórica do conceito de Estado de exceção, como expressão de suspensão legal da norma, da realidade penal e processual brasileira contemporânea. Para tanto fazemos uma leitura do sistema de garantias e direitos individuais penais e processuais penais constitucionais, apresentando ao leitor seu âmbito de atuação e a importância dos institutos no modelo democrático garantista. No capítulo subsequente reconstruiremos os conceitos de Estado, Estado de direito, Estado liberal de direito, Estado social até chegarmos ao modelo atual, o Estado democrático de direito, demonstrando ao leitor suas bases e primados. Na sequência traçaremos a evolução histórica e filosófica do Estado de exceção, partindo de seu cerne, no iustitium romano, abordando aqui as concepções formuladas por Carl Schmitt e, contemporaneamente, por Giorgio Agamben. Quando da abordagem do Estado de exceção apresentaremos seus “braços” modernos e sua forma de atuação, notadamente o ativismo judicial, ponto central do nosso estudo, bem como sua diferenciação com os “decretos de urgência”, no caso brasileiro, o estado de sítio e de defesa. No derradeiro capítulo traremos estudos de casos paradigmáticos de manifestação, mesmo que tímida, do Estado de exceção dentro do regime jurídico brasileiro, desenhando ao leitor os riscos de aceitação desse modelo, notadamente no campo da segurança jurídica
Borges, Neto João Lourenço. "Os espaços do entre: o estado de exceção em Giorgio Agamben". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7739.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
At the end of the year 2013, in Athens, Giorgio Agamben presented an important reflection on the fate of European democracy. According the philosopher, we no longer live under the aegis of democracy and the governmental paradigm of our time could not even be called political. The concept that replaced any political notions was that of security, and the slogan "for security reasons" has taken on a worldwide scale the new parameter of government of the contemporary political order. In order to understand this diagnosis, Giorgio Agamben proposed, on that occasion, the invitation to carry out a genealogy of the concept of security from an acute research on its origin and history in the paradigm of state of exception. This dissertation aims, together with Agamben, to untangle the concept of a state of exception, too demonstrating its implication and relation with human life. The concept of exception state developed by Agamben during the Homo Sacer project resumes the debate about the law between Carl Schmitt and Walter Benjamin in the 1920s. We reconstitute this debate step-by-step to demonstrate how essential it was for Agamben to contact the works of the German jurist for the development of the theme of exception. It was, however, taking on Benjamin's side in that discussion that the Italian philosopher was instigated to direct his fiercest criticisms of the democratic state of law. It follows from this takeover of the diagnoses of being the state of exception the governance paradigm of contemporaneity and the sign that the state of exception inscribes sovereignty in a paradox. We also develop Agamben's proposal to point to the confluence between the biopolitical model coined by Foucault, but years before also diagnosed by Hannah Arendt, and the juridical-institutional model. That is, the point where life and right touch the figure of the sovereign and the bare life. What this dissertation also worried to point out from the title was how much the contact with the theoretical contribution of Walter Benjamin was decisive for Agamben in the development of his political concepts composed in the political project Homo Sacer.
No fim do ano de 2013, em Atenas, Giorgio Agamben expôs uma importante reflexão sobre o destino da democracia europeia. Segundo o filósofo, não vivemos mais sob a égide da democracia e o paradigma governamental de nosso tempo sequer poderia ser denominado político. O conceito que substituiu quaisquer noções políticas foi o da segurança e o slogan ―por razões de segurança‖ assumiu, em escala mundial, o novo parâmetro de governo da ordem política contemporânea. Para compreendermos esse diagnóstico, Giorgio Agamben propôs, naquela ocasião, o convite de realizar uma genealogia do conceito de segurança a partir de uma pesquisa aguda sobre a sua origem e história no paradigma de estado de exceção. Esta dissertação tem como finalidade, em conjunto com Agamben, destrinçar o conceito de estado de exceção demonstrando, também, qual seria a sua implicação e relação com a vida humana. O conceito de estado de exceção desenvolvido por Agamben no decorrer do projeto Homo Sacer retoma o debate sobre o direito travado entre Carl Schmitt e Walter Benjamin na década de 20 do século XX. Reconstituímos passo-a-passo esse debate para demonstrar o quanto foi essencial para Agamben o contato com as obras do jurista alemão para o desenvolvimento do tema de exceção. Foi, contudo, tomando para si o lado de Benjamin naquela discussão que o filósofo italiano foi instigado a direcionar suas críticas mais ferozes ao estado democrático de direito. Seguem dessa tomada de partido os diagnósticos de ser o estado de exceção o paradigma de governo da contemporaneidade e a indicação de que o estado de exceção inscreve a soberania em um paradoxo. Desenvolvemos ainda a proposta de Agamben em apontar para o ponto de confluência entre o modelo biopolítico, cunhado por Foucault, mas anos antes também diagnosticado por Hannah Arendt, e o modelo jurídico-institucional. Isto é, o ponto onde vida e direito se tocam na figura do soberano e da vida nua. O que esta dissertação também se preocupou em pontuar, desde o título, foi o quanto o contato com o aporte teórico de Walter Benjamin foi determinante para Agamben no desenvolvimento de seus conceitos políticos compostos no projeto político Homo Sacer.
Sabuktay, Aysegul. "Locating Susurluk Affair Into The Context Of Legal-political Theory: A Case Of Extra-legal Activities Of The Modern States". Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605186/index.pdf.
Texto completo#8217
s and Jü
rgen Habermas&
#8217
s theories of the rule of law, and Hans Kelsen&
#8217
s legal positivism, both of which provide perspectives that define the state as a legal institution, and from the viewpoints of doctrine of raison d&
#8217
etat and Carl Schmitt&
#8217
s theories of the political and sovereignty that conceptualize the state as a political institution. Susurluk Affair can be interpreted in accordance with Weber&
#8217
s, Habermas&
#8217
s and Kelsen&
#8217
s theoretical standpoints either as a deficiency in legitimacy or violations by certain persons, however it can be interpreted as activities for maintaining the state in the framework of the doctrine of raison d&
#8217
etat. On the other hand, the Schmittian approach acknowledges extra-legal activities of the state, but Susurluk Affair cannot be interpreted as a case of deciding the exception in the Schmittian sense.
Martini, Alexandre Jaenisch. "Ceticismo jurídico vs. leitura moral do direito:elementos para um debate sobre a concretização do estado democrático de direito". Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2010. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2467.
Texto completoNenhuma
O presente estudo trata do problema da interpretação na teoria do direito. Tem o intuito de fazer uma reflexão sobre alguns aspectos da teoria positivista e o grau de discricionariedade nas decisões dos casos excepcionais. Parte da exposição do debate travado entre Carl Schmitt e Hans Kelsen sobre quem deve guardar a Constituição e de suas concepções céticas em relação a uma teoria do direito que alie o elemento moral. Passa pela hipótese sustentada por David Dyzenhaus sobre a existência de um mini-estado de exceção nas decisões em casos difíceis e a consequente aproximação entre o debate sobre a guarda da Constituição e a crítica de Ronald Dworkin quanto à tese da discricionariedade. Termina, analisando elementos da teoria do direito e da justiça de Dworkin no sentido de desenvolver algumas críticas às teorias positivistas e apontar para uma teoria da interpretação que alie o elemento moral à teoria do direito, no caso, a leitura moral do direito.
Rosa, Susel Oliveira da. "Estado de exceção e vida nua : violencia policial em Porto Alegre entre os anos de 1960 e 1990". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280398.
Texto completoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Abordo, neste trabalho, histórias de pessoas que entre os anos de 1960 e 1990 foram alvo da violência policial na cidade de Porto Alegre, no intuito de mostrar que se a violência e a tortura intensificaram-se durante a ditadura militar brasileira (1964-85), elas acompanham a trajetória das instituições policiais no Brasil até a atualidade. Utilizo os conceitos de ¿biopolítica¿, de Michel Foucault, ¿vida nua¿ e ¿estado de exceção¿ de Giorgio Agamben, ao refletir e escrever sobre a vida e a morte de Manoel Raimundo Soares, Hugo Kretschoer, Luis Alberto Arébalo, Mirajor Rondon, Antônio Clóvis, Júlio César, Jefferson Pereira e Guiomar Nunes
Abstract: I approach, in this work, histories of people who had been, between the years of 1960 and 1990, object of police violence in the city of Porto Alegre, in an effort to show that if violence and torture had been intensified during the Brasilian military dictatorship (1964-85), they follow the trajectory of the police institutions in Brazil until nowadays. I use the concepts of ¿biopolitics¿, from Michel Foucault, ¿naked life¿ and ¿state of exception¿ from Giorgio Agamben, when reflecting and writing about the life and the death of Manoel Raimundo Soares, Hugo Kretschoer, Luis Alberto Arébalo, Mirajor Rondon, Antônio Clóvis, Júlio Cesar, Jefferson Pereira and Guiomar Nunes
Doutorado
Politica, Memoria e Cidade
Doutor em História
Abdalla, Guilherme de Andrade Campos. "O estado de exceção em Giorgio Agamben: contribuições ao estudo da relação direito e poder". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2139/tde-01082011-163923/.
Texto completoThe complex philosophy of Giorgio Agamben summons us to review the crisis of the existing political-juridical models and the on-going governmental security rationale, which, based on a pre-oriented administration of fear, aims at eliminating those somehow non-adapted, as well as to join a defence towards a new political ontology beyond the tradition of sovereignty and law. Through the confront of semantically distinct definitions of life and its relation with the sovereign power, including under a biopolitical normalizing society, emerges the protagonist of Agamben`s work, the bare life. A life that is not a modern phenomena but the original activity of the sovereign power, that is, a life exposed to death that can be found either in the pólis or the civitas - in the form of homo sacer or in the modern totalitarianism as well as the democracy that we live in. A life that is permanently subject to death and, founded on an inclusive exclusion relation, that is, a relation of abandonment, exposes the real social bound. The state of exception links life and law, violence and norm. The law is applied through its own withdrawal: the force-oflaw exercised in the state of exception does not posit nor conserve the law, but conserves it through its suspension and posits it through the exception. A place where factum and ius are brought into conjunction and homines sacri are freely produced, a space where traditional political categories such as right and left, public and private, loses clearness and intelligibility. A zone of indistinction materialized in the camp, either of refugees or concentration camps or those in full force and effect and yet unnamed. The camp is the contemporary political paradigm and this is the era in which the exception becomes the rule. The way out to deactivate such relation is to profane, a political task in search for a new form-of-life that abolishes any remembrance of theological sovereign politics and law and that reflects a coming community able to turn inoperative the biopolitical machine producer of bare life: a new community that thinks beyond sovereignty, the sovereign band and the law itself. A community composed of singularities, with no identity nor properties or destinies, but pure potentiality. A community free of means in search for an end, but solely a community of pure means without ends.
Teixeira, Alessandra. "Do sujeito de direito ao estado de exceção: o percurso contemporâneo do sistema penitenciário brasileiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-19032007-132607/.
Texto completoThis work intends to investigate the trajectory of Brazil?s contemporary penitentiary policy, starting from the bid for humanizing and rehabilitative conceptions of prison which redemocratization tardily introduced during the 80s, including its developments that would lead to its exact opposite. Therefore, already in the beginning of 90s, a set of measures characterized by continuous suppression of rights and greater punitivity of sanctions imposed to defendants and prisoners was able to install true regimes of exception within the penal system, in which the subject conceived tends gradually to vanish. Moreover, this discussion is inserted through a wider theoretical frame which discusses the persistence of prison in contemporaneity, albeit the crisis of disciplines and the sequence of reconfigurations imposed by recent capitalism transformations to a whole social world founded on its representations. The analysis of practices and guidelines lately adopted by Brazilian?s penitentiary system is conducted taking into account the pertinence or not of ontological displacements suggested by the literature elected for this study on categories which provided intelligibility to crime, criminal and punishment and that are presented as central to the comprehension of the goals referred to prison nowadays
Ferreira, Natália Damazio Pinto. "Testemunhas do esquecimento: uma análise do auto de resistência a partir do estado de exceção e da vida nua". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7211.
Texto completoThe Resistance Act, na atipical figure in Criminal Law, is utilized, commonly, by Public Security forces of the State, what has being legitimized by the punitive discourse, presents not only in the judiciary, but in brazillian society in general. This apparatus is analised in this work as a symptom of a deeper question, present inside of the origins of Law and of the State of Law. In the majority of cases, the Resistance Act use to materialize itself through summary executions made by the Public Security Forces, which became legitimized by the allegation of police self-defense. Despite that, the higher rates of this violation in poor areas e upon black individuals shows that this is just one apparatus that alows the criminal and public security system selectivity to work based on racism and elitism. The categories presented in Giorgio Agamben and Walter Benjamins theories seems to put new light upon the political brazillian reality, mainly, when we analyse the bipolitical apparatus of public security. This system, since its origin. is excludent, what confirms that the oppressed or homo sacer, manifests itself in the brazillian society through the black and the poor. This singular subjects still find themselves in a permanent state of exception, not beign through any emancipatory rupture of this system in Brazil. This system has being alternateing among cicles of violences that puts the law ( like the passage from the oligarquic system to the Republic, or from the dictatorship to democracy), and cicles of violence that maintains the law (as the one present in the supposed State of Law). The structures have being maintained, and the criminal stereotypes and discriminatory behavior have only be gaining strength. I question the importance of thinking about an anamnetic justice, an testimonial potencial expressed trough testimony as messianic strength, which make present and past coincide in order to search for reparation.
Borba, Carolina dos Anjos de. "Terras negras nos dois lados do Atlântico : quem são os proprietários? : estudo comparado - Cabo Verde/Brasil". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72253.
Texto completoThis doctoral thesis intends to analyze the social processes that enabled the rise of the descendants of slaves as having land in postcolonial contexts. The debate raised now seeking election as a focus for reflection relations that produce discourse of truth, in which former tenants (Cabo Verde) and maroon (Brasil) are not easily figure of the owners. Theories of the state of exception read these oscillation phenomena in politics as a peculiar form of protecting public safety in a paradigm of arbitrary government. Thus, arguments are presented that envisage tenure insecurity in both countries in a complex picture of that state of exception that ethnic and political mix. This core will be presented two rural universes: the São Salvador do Mundo (Cabo Verde) and Canguçu, Quilombo Maçambique (Brasil) - the first attended the strong territorial disputes between heirs and tenants, through the agrarian reform project and currently is under possession of small farmers, the latter tried the various historical transformations in relation to the southern land issue, and focused on their territorial space a large number of slave laborers in the century. XIX. The two locations run by social contexts of work subalternizado by white owners, but finding racially diverse destinations, offering dense ethnographic materials to work the theoretical question "land-security."
Benhessa, Ghislain. "La pensée juridique de l'exception aux Etats-Unis après le 11 septembre 2001". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA024.
Texto completoThe attacks of September 11, 2001 caused a shock wave both in the United States and the wholeworld. In the aftermath, the government adopted extraordinary measures to address the threat. Our study focuses on contemporary American legal scholars. John Yoo, Professor at Berkeley University, played a significant role within the Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) at the time of the attacks. Since then, he has never stopped addressing how the United States government reacted in the wake of these events. Using a utilitarian perspective, Eric Posner and Adrian Vermeule, for their part, bring forward a state of exception theory which dismisses certain views that are commonly accepted and embraced. The main issue that guides the whole of our work is to try and comprehend – from within and through reading of the three authors’ writings – the fundamental tensions of the approach adopted by the United States government in view of the country’s constitutional tradition
Castro, Bruno Dornelles de. "Expressões de autoridade aplicadas às instituições políticas". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/185068.
Texto completoThe remain work aims a natural concept of authority, with the purpose of explaining its importance and firstness to freedom, at personal and social levels, with focus into how the naturally constituted forms of authority express themselves through political institutions. Moreover, the work proposes a political institutional model that separates these expressions of authority, so that they avoid merging with one another, a characteristic that is imprinted on the possibility of a state of exception, typical of tyrannical or authoritarian regimes.
BOSCARIOL, MARCO. "STATO DI ECCEZIONE, SECURITIZZAZIONE E TIKKUN INTERNAZIONALE". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/110706.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to investigate the concept of the state of exception, in particular its international declination and what the Copenhagen School calls the “securitization process”. The relationship between international anarchy and exception is investigated along with the idea that exception should be regarded as a "corrective process" rather than an "event", using some Jewish / Kabbalistic categories of thought and Emanuel Adler's "Evolutionary Constructivism". We also focus on how “technological neoliberalism” could control this process. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter seeks to outline the international relevance of the concept of the state of exception. For this, key authors on the subject have been explored, namely: Carl Schmitt, Walter Benjamin and Giorgio Agamben. In the second chapter the concept of "emergency" and Copenhagen School’s concept of securitization were introduced, concluding with an investigation on the Schmittian origins of the aforementioned School. Finally, the third chapter focuses on the theme of international anarchy then shifting attention to a discourse of "human anarchy", useful for introducing a "Jewish-Kabbalistic" discussion of exception centered on the category of "tikkun" (correction) and Adler's Constructivism, concluding with an analysis of technological neoliberalism.
Goupy, Marie. "L'essor de la théorie juridico-politique sur l'état d'exception dans l'entre-deux guerres en France et en Allemagne : une genèse de l'état d'exception comme enjeu pour la démocratie". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683729.
Texto completoSerges, Giuliano. "La dimension constitutionnelle de l'urgence en France et en Italie". Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0122.
Texto completoThe research concerns «the constitutional dimension of the emergency in France and Italy». The PhD Thesis will be divided into two parts.The first part is aimed at the theoretical definition of the emergency. We have paid priority attention to highlighting the difference between the emergency and the others “similar” legal notions (necessity, periculum in mora, celerity, etc. Is it possible defining the emergency in a rigorous way?In the second part we have examined the articles 47, al. 4, and 61, al. 3, of the French Constitution and the articles 13, 21, 72, 73 and 77 of the Italian Constitution. We have also analyzed the state of emergency law in France and in Italy. It is possible to envisage a «democratic emergency»
Siegert, Philipp. "Staatshaftung im Ausnahmezustand : doktrin und Rechtspraxis im Deutschen Reich und Frankreich, 1914-1919". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH041/document.
Texto completoThis work explores the state's legal responsibility for the expropriation or destruction of property in wartime. This responsibility is analysed in a two-fold manner: First, regarding its evolution at the national level (government liability, "Staatshaftung"), and second regarding its evolution within internaional law (state responsibility, "Staatenverantwortlichkeit"). With respect to the first aspect, wartime laws and judgements are taken into account (1914-1918), while with respect to the second, the elaboration of the treaties of Bucarest, Berlin and Brest-Litovsk (1918) and Versailles (1919) is analysed. By considering these aspects, the work aims to establish whether there was a provable link between the evolution of national and international law, and to what extent there has been a “spill-over” from the national into the international legal sphere. The primary research question is thus: To what extent did German and French government liability before 1918 shape these states' concept of state responsibility after 1918? This dissertation aims to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between state and the individual in modern society, as it was conceived in domestic and international law. Legal norms in these two realms existed before, throughout and after the war; however, there is a “before” and an “after” in the sense that the war brought about some major shifts in the legal convictions held by the authorities. The war has led to both securitisation and juridification, depending on the issue, and certain decisions – especially in juridification – from the years of 1914-1919 still shape our (international) legal order today. This is particularly true regarding sanctions directed against non-state entities
Die „Urerfahrung“ des modernen Rechtsstaats mit dem Ausnahmezustand war der Erste Weltkrieg. Geleitet von der Frage nach der rechtlichen Verantwortung des Staates während des Ausnahmezustandes (1914-1918) und bei der Abwicklung desselben (1918/19) soll dieser „Urerfahrung“ und ihrer Handhabung in Deutschland und Frankreich nachgegangen werden. Ziel der Untersuchung ist zunächst die Identifikation der Wurzeln der verschiedenen internationalen Rechtsordnungsentwürfe von 1918 (Ostfriedensverträge) und 1919/20 (Pariser Vorortverträge). Diese Wurzeln werden weniger im Völkerrecht der Vorkriegszeit als vielmehr in der Entwicklung des Staatsrechts während des Krieges vermutet, welcher der Hauptteil der Arbeit gewidmet ist. Darauf aufbauend soll dargelegt werden, welche Kategorien von Recht und Unrecht, von legitimem und illegitimem Staatshandeln den einzelnen Leitsätzen zur rechtlichen Verantwortung des Staates zugrunde lagen, die in den Friedensverträgen festgehalten worden sind. Trotz der zwei weiteren großen Zensuren des 20. Jahrhunderts – 1945 und 1989 – lassen sich mehrere Grundelemente unserer gegenwärtigen internationalen Ordnung gerade auf diejenigen Entscheidungen zurückführen, die schon um 1919 gefällt worden sind – und hier besonders auf die Entscheidungen zur Verantwortung des Staates vor dem Individuum. Darin liegt die politikhistorische Relevanz des hier bearbeiteten rechtshistorischen Gegenstands: In den Regelwerken, die dem vierjährigen Ausnahmezustand ein Ende setzen sollten, kamen Staats- und Ordnungsvorstellungen zum Tragen, die eine langfristige Wirkung entfaltet haben, zum Teil bis in unsere Gegenwart