Tesis sobre el tema "État composé"
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Amaral, Souto Sérgio Paulo. "Ordre à moyenne distance dans les verres de borate ternaires". Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066300.
Texto completoRossignol, Sophie. "La reconnaissance des discriminations multiples en droit du travail français : état des lieux et perspectives". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAA010.
Texto completoAnti-discrimination law is always evolving. It must be receptive to new types of discrimination against workers to guarantee a level of legal protection consistent with international and national standards. In that sense, multiple discriminations are a perfect example. They take place when several protected characteristics occur and interact with each other. The concept of multiple discriminations arises from social sciences but has only been legally theorized since the 80s. If French law does not consider them, jurisprudence and practice tends to underline the necessity of a legal acknowledgment. Seized by employment law, multiple discriminations pose many questions with regard to their definition and implementation. Nonetheless, studying them offers a different approach to the duty to not discriminate at work, and to insuring diversity in the workplace
Maloufi, Nabila. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés de transport à basse température dans les semiconducteurs amorphes du groupe IV : Application au système SI::(X) SN::(1-X)". Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10357.
Texto completoDahaoui, Slimane. "Cristallographie haute résolution en fonction de la température : application à des matériaux à propriétés optiques non-linéaires de la famille de KTiOPO₄". Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10341.
Texto completoSeung, Do-Young. "Approche structurale et étude de la conduction ionique de verres a base de thioarsenite de lithium et de verres a formateur mixte, thioborate et thioarsenite de lithium". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144777.
Texto completoBoulanger, Benoît. "Synthèse en flux et étude des propriétés optiques cristallines linéaires et non linéaires par la méthode de la sphère de KTiOPO et des nouveaux composés isotypes et solutions solides de formule générale (K, RB, CS) TIO (P,AS) O4". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10043.
Texto completoSouhassou, Mohamed. "Densité d'électrons dans les composés peptidiques par méthode X-X et calcul théorique : LA (N) acétyl-L-tryptophane-méthylamide et la (N)-acétyl-alpha-béta -dehydrophenylalanine-methylamide, influence de La alpha -beta -déhydrogénation et étude critique des modèles multipolaires". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10418.
Texto completoEssaddek, Abderrahim. "Sur l'insertion des alliages césium-antimoine dans le graphite". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10057.
Texto completoCoquerel, Gérard. "Etude de dérives chiraux de la fenfluramine et de la norfenfluramine en vue de la séparation par cristallisation préférentielle". Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES045.
Texto completoChastaingt, Bruno. "Spectroscopie d'hétérostructures ultra-minces appliquée à l'étude de l'interface GaAa/AlAs". Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE4694.
Texto completoMagalhães, Costa Dos Santos Daniel. "Communes et provinces au Brésil au temps des monarchies : les origines d'un fédéralisme tropical". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ASSA0033.
Texto completoCooperation between the federal government, the federated states, the federal district and the municipalities is the keystone of the Brazilian political system. Established in 1988, this scheme is the result of historical tensions between local interests, regional demands and national projects. “History is written by the victors” and the current predominance of the federal bodies, in the Brazilian case, is both the cause and the consequence of an overvaluation of their role in the genesis of the nation state in Brazil. This thesis manuscript offers an analysis of the institutional organization of the Brazilian territorial administration before the adoption of the Republican Regime in 1889. Was the Empire of Brazil truly a unitary and centralized state? Did the imperial municipalities and provinces participate in the process of state-building in Brazil? Thanks to a historical study that goes back to the colonial period, this manuscript shows how the local and regional levels of the Brazilian Imperial Administration occupied a much more important place than that which is usually given to them. In order to better understand the present issues in the eternal “country of the future”, what better way there is than to revisit past experiences
Cador, Olivier. "Composés moléculaires bimétalliques : états fondamentaux et excités et ordre magnétique". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007268.
Texto completoCambero, Quezada Guillermo. "L'instauration du système de responsabilité de l'administration publique au Mexique : analyse de droit comparé". Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT4021.
Texto completoSince the 1st of January 2004, the administrative responsibility in the Mexican law was established by a reform of the Article 113 paragraph 2 in the Mexican Constitution, taking the example of Spanish law. This reform has introduced an objective and direct administrative responsibility in Mexico: the responsibility thus applies directly to the public administration and not to the public official as it has been the case before (in the former regime of private law section 1927 of the Federal Civil Code). However, the current law system limits the responsibility to an irregular administrative activity of the public administration. In light of the above, this leads to a contradiction between the system of responsibility in the civil law tradition in Mexico and an administrative responsibility limitation on the detriment of victims, but also to all the shortcomings of the Spanish law at the moment of the integration in the Constitution reform. Thus, in this work the substantial analysis of the administrative responsibility in France and Europe, through a study in comparative law, has been made in order to improve the general understanding of the current Mexican system and to bring new doctrinal elements to the recent administrative responsibility system and the general administrative law in Mexico
La reforma al articulo 113 parágrafo 2 de la Constitución mexicana, en aplicación desde el 1° de enero de 2004, introduce la responsabilidad de la administración publica al derecho positivo mexicano. El sistema elaborado por el legislador ha sido el de una responsabilidad objetiva y directa: La Administración responde directamente por los danos y perjuicios ocasionados a la victima, y no el funcionario público, como lo establecía el antiguo régimen del derogado articulo 1927 del Código Civil Federal, donde la Administración respondía indirecta y subsidiariamente. Sin embargo, la responsabilidad se limita únicamente a los supuestos de una actividad administrativa irregular. Todo lo anterior implica una contradicción del sistema debido a la tradición civilista arraigada en México y a las imperfecciones de integración del derecho español en la reforma constitucional. El presente estudio tiene por objeto confrontar el sistema actual de "responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado" en México con el derecho de la responsabilidad de la Administración en Francia, mediante un estudio de derecho comparado, con la finalidad de aportar nuevos elementos jurídicos y doctrinales, así como fortalecer la comprensión en general de la responsabilidad de la administración pública y del derecho administrativo en México
Panagiotopoulos, Christos. "Distribution moléculaire et état de dégradation des sucres combinés dans la matière organique particulaire". Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22079.
Texto completoJebbari, Saïda. "Contribution à l'étude structurale des halogénures de plomb par diffraction des rayons X. Système PBCL::(2X)BR::(2(1-X)) : Comportement de la structure de PBCL::(2) en fonction de la température". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10159.
Texto completoJacquemet-Gauché, Anne. "La responsabilité de la puissance publique en France et en Allemagne : étude de droit comparé". Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GREND008.
Texto completoDespite its unique foundations, the liability of public authorities in German law - hasn't aroused the interest of French scholars so far. Yet. The study of German law from a comparative standpoint reveals a number of peculiarities in French public liability law, which leads us to appreciate the similarities and differences of the domain in the two states. The study of the elaboration of tort law shows a partial convergence : in both states, case law (the decisions from the higher courts) is the main and fastest growing source of law. Public liability is being enforced more and more, following administrative, legislative and judicial activities. Some differences remain however, in particular regarding the function of liability: in France, liability aims to compensate for loss or injury ; in Germany, it aims to protect rights. This main difference allows us to build a specific conceptualization of each liability regime, reflecting the specific connections established between the state and the citizens subject to each legal system
Payerne, Alain. "Dynamique des états excités de cétones en présence de composés riches en électrons". Mulhouse, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MULH0012.
Texto completoDyevre, Arthur. "L' activisme juridictionnel en droit constitutionnel comparé : France, États-Unis, Allemagne". Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010266.
Texto completoRachidi, Idris El-Idrissi. "Interactions orbitalaires en chimie organométallique et chimie du solide : structures de complexes déficients en électrons ML₅ d⁶ et de complexes acétyléniques : instabilités électroniques dans les bronzes mono et diphosphates de tungstène". Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112152.
Texto completoAissaoui, Rached. "Contribution à l'étude des couches minces de l'alliage germanium-sélénium, avec une concentration de germanium inférieure à trente-trois pour cent : élaboration, relaxation, conduction". Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES046.
Texto completoHervé, Jocelyne. "Composés du phosphore à basse coordinence : Etude quantique des états ioniques et de la réactivité". Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU3009.
Texto completoKalamatianou, Phèdre. "L' état de nécessité sous l'angle du droit pénal comparé (grec, français) et de la justice pénale internationale". Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020045.
Texto completoCherradi, Nabih Mohamed. "Propriétés de transport électronique à basse température d'alliages amorphes Au-Si et de multicouches Au/Si". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10011.
Texto completoAthanassopoulou, Hariclia. "La théorie des troubles de voisinage résultant des activités publiques en droit comparé français et allemand". Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40022.
Texto completoThe theory of the trouble of neighbors encompasses all the damages (such as noises, dust, bad smells, pollutions and various other nuisances) that the state can cause to the private individual because of its activity. The aim of this study is to analyze the juridical system of the liability for the trouble of the neighbors during its formation and evolution within the framework of french and german law. In spite of differences in the evolution of the law of neighbors in these two juridical orders, the determining elements of their compensation system can be said to share common features. We then notice that french laws of jurisprudential origin manage to coordinate with german laws of legislative inspiration. The resemblances between juridical notions here allows us to look for the basis of the liability of the state. The broad notions constituting this basis contribute towards a convergence between national and community norms. The theory of the trouble of neighbours is not confined to the precise outlines of national law. It has juridical extensions which consolidate the broad founding principles of liability in the european juridical order. These extensions come, not only from the notion of national damage, but also from the notion of international damage and that of ecological damage. The european court of human rights acknowledges this tendency in its jurisprudence. Is it not the moment to uniformise the law of neighbors at the level of european law in order to adopt common principles ? The european jurist turns towards the study of shared characteristics between national and community laws so as to build a common european administrative law
Orain, Jean-Christophe. "Frustration géométrique et nouveaux états quantiques de spins dans les composés vanadates fluorés à géométrie kagomé". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS113/document.
Texto completoThe search for quantum liquid state is a very active field in condensed matter research. In two dimensions, the antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 kagome lattice seems to be the most able to stabilize such a ground state. Indeed, from recent theoretical investigations, we are now quite sure that this model has a quantum spin liquid ground state. However, we still do not know its nature, in particular the nature of its correlations. They could be short ranged with a gap in the excitation spectrum, or long ranged with a gapless excitation spectrum. On the experimental side, only few materials exist and only one possesses a geometrically perfect lattice, the Herbertsmithite. All the experiments that have been done on this compound reveal a gapless spin liquid state along with deviations to the spin 1/2 Heisenberg hamiltonian which could be responsible of the gap closure.This thesis deals with the experimental study, mainly by NMR and µSR, of new vanadium based kagomé compounds which are part of a newly synthesized family, the kagome fluoride vanadates. The material that we studied the most is a spin 1/2 kagomé compound based on V4+, (NH4)2[C7H14N][V7O6F18] (DQVOF). The magnetic model of this compound can be decomposed in two rather independent parts, trimerized kagome planes and quasi paramagnetic V3+ ions. The µSR studies, showing the absence of frozen moment down to 20 mK, reveal a spin liquid ground state in DQVOF. The heat capacity and the NMR experiments point out a gapless behavior despite trimerization and likely weak Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interactions. Our results demonstrate that the gapless ground state, whether intrinsic or due to deviation to the ideal hamiltonian, is a rather robust characteristic of kagome materials.Furthermore, we studied another compound of this family, (NH4)2[C2H8N][V3F12] (DDVF), which magnetic lattice is made of uncoupled kagomé planes based on V3+ (S = 1). The lattice shows large deviations to the ideal kagomé and the thermodynamic experiments and the µSR studies reveal a magnetic transition to a frozen state at 10 K with a long distance order which is effective only below 6 K
Cléquin, Aurore. "L’autorité du juge : Étude de droit constitutionnel comparé États-Unis, France, Royaume-Uni". Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020055.
Texto completoCourts’ authority stands very high in the United Kingdom and in the United States. The institutional position of the Judiciary in France, at least for judicial judges, is more precarious. The position of French administrative law judges is different and comes closer to the situation of British and American Judges. A comparison between those judges and the constitutional systems they evolve in appears to be an effective way to understand how courts’ authority is built. Two factors are actually decisive. The first one, which is the most important, is related to the judge’s function. It is crucial that the judge is able to say what his judicial duty covers and where are its limits. Similarly, he has to be able to resist executive and legislative encroachments on his function. When those criteria are met, the judge’s authority is necessarily strong. The second factor only comes next. It appears indeed that the judge’s authority is acknowledged and strengthened when his independence is strongly protected, both in its individual and institutional sense. Once those factors are highlighted, one question comes up. Would it be wise to resort to legal transplants to improve the institutional position of judicial judges in France? It is not that easy. Comparative constitutional law is a very useful tool. However, it must be used carefully
Rayssac, Olivier. "Étude du collage par adhésion moléculaire hydrophile : application au contrôle de l'énergie de collage". Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0163.
Texto completoHydrophilic wafer bonding allows to put in contact two surfaces and to lead, after annealing treatment, to the creation of hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds through the interface. This process is more and more used in microtechnologies and microelectronics, particularly to get SOI structures. The objective of this study was to find the conditions allowing to control the bonding energy of the obtained structures, that is to say either to increase the bonding energy (low temperature applications), either to decrease the bonding energy (high temperature applications). In this way, some characterisation methods have been developed in order to well-understand the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the bonded structures. Various surface treatments (wet treatments and dry treatments) and various layers (dielectric layers and conductive layers) have been used. We observed the influence of surface microroughness for the SiO2/SiO2 structures too. The increase of the surface microroughness value of each SiO2 surface up to 0. 63 nm RMS allowed to decrease the bonding energy at 1100ºC from 2. 1 J. M-2 to 0. 4 J. M-2. With these results, some tools have been realised to debond the obtained structures. These tools allowed to debond thin wafers (100 μrn) processed on their two sides. Only 2/3 of a 100 mm wafer surface has been debonded. Some improvements have to be brought for arriving at the total debonding of 100 mm and 150 mm wafers surfaces. So, this study highlights a possible diversification of the wafer bonding
Blinder, Rémi. "Étude par Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire de nouveaux états quantiques induits sous champ magnétique : condensation de Bose-Einstein dans le composé DTN". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY030/document.
Texto completoWe present a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) study of the NiCl2-4SC(NH2)2 compound, called DTN, consisting of spin-1 chains that are weakly coupled along the transverse directions. At low temperatures and for magnetic field values between the two critical fields Hc1 and Hc2, this system enters an ordered phase of the Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) type. Within this phase, we first describe the experimental determination of the order parameter (transverse magnetization), the amplitude of which is found to be well described by theory while its phase (orientation) seems to be fixed by an anisotropy term. Second, by NMR relaxation rate 1/T1 we have studied the low-energy fluctuations of the electronic spins and found that they obey the power law 1/T1 ~ T 5. Such a behaviour points to a 2nd order process involving linearly dispersing excitations, such as Bogoliubov quasiparticles, but its nature is not yet well understood. Outside the BEC phase, we report a study of the spin fluctuations in the quantum critical regime (H ~ Hc2), demonstrating a scaling law on 1/T1 similar to the one that has already been observed in another equivalent compound, BPCB spin-ladder, thus proving the universality of this regime [S. Mukhopadhyay et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 177206 (2012)]. We have also studied the effect of disorder induced by the Br-Cl substitution in the compound Ni(Cl1-xBrx)2-4SC(NH2)2 (doped DTN), for which measurements using macroscopic techniques have suggested the existence of a "Bose glass" phase [R. Yu et al., Nature 489, 379 (2012)]. This phase is characterized, for all studied doping concentrations x = 4%, 9%, 13%, by a peak in the NMR relaxation rate 1/T1 at the field value Hp ~ 13.5 T, evidencing an upsurge of the longitudinal spin fluctuations, and presenting strong inhomogeneity of the 1/T1 values – probably reflecting the glassy character of the system. The observed doping-independence of Hp demonstrates that the corresponding physics is dominated by local effects due to the dopants
Riviere, Eric. "Sur la migration des composés hydrocarbones dans des mélanges complexes (huiles naturelles) par diffusion thermogravitationnelle en milieu poreux : étude expérimentale et état des modélisations". Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30213.
Texto completoTalbaoui, Ahmed. "Etude en microscopie électronique par cryofracture des systèmes chlorures et bromure de dodécylamine-eau". Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES006.
Texto completoAlmeida, Kato Mariana. "La transparence de la justice constitutionnelle : une étude de droit comparé (France, Brésil, États-Unis)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2021. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247226580.
Texto completoThe subject of the thesis is the analysis of transparency in constitutional jurisdiction from a comparative perspective. The development of constitutional justice is one of the essential qualities of contemporary legal systems. The institutions entrusted with the responsibility of safeguarding the Constitution have increasing importance in modern democracies, for not a very long time in France and more in other countries. In parallel, in these same democracies, the exigency of transparency of public action continues to gain importance. Many legal or constitutional devices encourage transparency in different perspectives: the fight against corruption, control, confidence, or citizen participation. But transparency also presents some challenges, for example, regarding the deliberation process or the surcharge of a jurisdiction. In this context, the project reunites, for the first time, two different subjects - transparency and constitutional jurisdiction - which have never been studied together in a profound analysis, despite its importance. The thesis will precisely examine the rules concerning the regulation or limitation of the transparency in the constitutional courts, such as the nomination process for constitutional courts judges, judicial disqualification, choice of cases to be examined in detail, motivation and decision making, publicity of dissident opinions, role of judge's collaborators, the access to the deliberation and documents, publication of the amici curiae and also public hearings and its diffusion. Moreover, while the Conseil constitutionnel is often presented as a constitutional court similar to those existing in other European states, the confrontation with the experiences of Brazil and the United States will allow to measure the degree of transparency of this institution and to extend the research
Bouchikhi, Benachir. "Propriétés physiques des structures métal/isolant/semiconducteur réalisées sur INP(N) à l'aide d'un oxyde natif plasma". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10085.
Texto completoCabrol, Olivier. "Spectroscopie et dynamique de molécules diatomiques : étude théorique des états excités du fluorure d'iode. Contribution expérimentale à la spectroscopie femtoseconde du dimère de césium". Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30269.
Texto completoOcchiminuti, Léonore M. "La protection du patrimoine forestier contre le risque d'incendie : approche de droit comparé France / États-Unis". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010298.
Texto completoHow could the legal prevention of forest fires be improved ? Answers to this issue are envisaged through the comparison of French and American prevention systems. One suggests the development of public or even private ownership, whereas it appears that those two options can only be presented as alternatives. Moreover, it is recommended that legal constraining systems (i. E. Servitudes or restrictions imposed by the exercise of the police power) be developed on both public and private owners and, associated to the reinforcement of civil and criminal liability procedures. It is also necessary that fire risks be included into land use planning documents, that agencies improve their information and education programs on fire risks and, that they cooperate more effectively. In addition, it is proposed that preventive management tools be improved; for example, it is necessary to develop and modify the use of prescribed burning and green belt buffer zone techniques, by adapting them to the actual situation. Finally, a solution must be found in order to improve the implementation of "brush cleaning" or fuel removal servitudes and obligations
Neron, Sylvain. "L'obligation de paix sociale aux États-Unis et en France : étude de droit du travail comparé". Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU10025.
Texto completoThe industrial peace is the main objective of the American labor law. In France, an implicit obligation is equally the matrix of the labor law. Nevertheless the reality of this obligation is completely different in both countries. But nowadays the convergence of these laws appears unavoidable. Concerning the American labor law, although the collective agreement permits to secure the collective agreement by limiting the resort to the strike or to the judge, the lack of a continual and plural dialogue encourages the opposition between th employer and the union. .
Darwish, Tarek. "Le principe de neutralité économique en droit constitutionnel : étude de droit comparé : Allemagne, États-Unis, France". Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020025.
Texto completoThis subject carries with it a stake, a fundamental stake: that of the economic action of the State and more specifically that of the economic dimension of its constitution, around which the theses of Friedrich Hayek, Milton Friedman and Walter Eucken have clashed during the last century. The principle of economic neutrality is in fact an illusory principle in the service of the "laissez-faire" and those from whom it benefited between the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century (the advent of progressivism and socialism). The end of the 19th century was to be decisive in the conception of this principle. It was the time of the great industrial revolutions that saw the emergence of "thieving barons" in Europe and the United States. Even today, after the economic and financial crisis of 2008, the principle of economic neutrality questions how the State can or should intervene through its constitution with regard to economic actors. Should a Constitution include a vision of the economy? And in the silence of the Constitution, is the responsibility of a constitutional judge to confer on the State a determined economic identity? This thesis is organized in two moments of reflection. The first part is devoted to the implementation of the ideology of neutrality, based on its historical and economic foundations, which has enabled liberal doctrine to integrate this principle into the legal sphere. Can a Constitutional Court build an economic doctrine based on the principle of economic neutrality? To answer this problem, the second part is devoted to the utopian nature of this principle, through its implementation and political realities. To this end, it appears that a pragmatic reconciliation between the economy and constitutional law is needed
Eichenberger, Lucas. "État de valence de l’ytterbium dans YbMn6Ge6-xSnx et ses dérivés : matériaux magnétocaloriques haute température". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0252/document.
Texto completoIn the YbMn6Ge6-xSnx system, intermediate valent Yb magnetically orders at an astonishingly high temperature (up to TYb~125 K). This work aims to improve the understanding of the physical properties of these compounds, with an emphasis on the concentration range 4.6~2,8). External pressure experiments showed an analogy between mechanical and chemical pressure effects. Increasing the pressure favors trivalent state and Yb magnetism. In a second part, we investigated the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Mn4-xFexGa2Sn and Fe3Sn2. High temperature magnetocaloric applications, such as heat pump or heat conversion, need materials with high Curie temperature. These two compounds have working temperatures above 330 K. The magnetocaloric effect has been evaluated : the magnitude is moderate but close to other compounds with a second order transition near this temperature region
Boudot, Cécile. "Transitions de phase sous champ électrique dans la thiourée". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10087.
Texto completoGrelié, Julien Jacques. "Le contrat d'assurance en France et aux Etats-Unis : aspects de droit comparé". Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT4015.
Texto completoLe contrat d'assurance en droit français et américain : aspects de droit comparé is a comparative analysis that outlines how the objectives of the insurance contract regulation and its judicial interpretation are commonly shared, and how the different means are implemented to achieve these goals in France and in the United States. French and American Insurance Law are diverging, whether it is a matter of controlling the balance between contractual freedom and the protection of interests of the insured, or whether it is about establishing rules of preventing fraud and enforcing the requirement of fortuity within the formation and the execution of insurance contracts. The laws reflect the philosophy held in their own judicial system. While taking this gap into consideration, this thesis brings a new source of inspiration and ideas about current and future issues related to French Insurance and Private Law
Gutierrez, Fabien. "Etude théorique des états excités de grandes molécules". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30152.
Texto completoPavkovic, Daniella. "Le délit d'initié en droit comparé : Europe, Etats-Unis et Japon". Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0042.
Texto completoOver the last thirty years, financial markets have developed at lighting speed. The internationalisation and modernisation of these markets have resulted in a globalisation of the financial sector. At the same time, this phenomenon has opened up new oppartunities for the development of insider dealing. This comparative study of the definition and national and international insider dealing operations shows a two-fold tendency. In the national laws of those countries dealt with in this study, there is a general tendency towards a uniform definition of insider dealing. This shows increased convergence between legislative provisions and national regulations leaving the way clear for insider dealing. Regarding how this offence operates, uniformity of supervision and repression of insider dealing operations by these countries is becoming a reality
Ross, Amanda Jane. "Etude par spectrométrie par transformation de Fourier des états électroniques de basse énergie des molécules NaK et K2". Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19035.
Texto completoDesgagné, Richard. "La participation des états au commerce international : les contrats gouvernementaux en droit comparé et en droit international". Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60704.
Texto completoLongueville, Claude. "Pluralisme, concurrence et concentration dans le secteur des médias audiovisuels : étude de droit comparé : États-Unis-Europe". Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10055.
Texto completoIn the recent years, the audiovisual sector has seen a signifiant evolvement and development in the states members of OCDE. This expansion has been accompanied by development of the private audiovisual sector and a correlating unprecedented merger movement in the media sector both in Europe and the United-States. Faced with this movement, most of the democratic states are concerned as to the high level of integration of such a special sector. Consequently, by its potential negative impact on pluralism (and even to the democracy itself), they have tried to limit risks against pluralism. The methods used by these states have mainly focused on competition law and media law. Whether media law provisions, especially audiovisual communication law provisions, are effective tools sufficient to ensure pluralism, would not seem to be the case. Moreover, with technological changes in progress, we may wonder if the media sector should not merely and purely be subject to antitrust law, which is becoming more predominant in the media sector
Hulin, Anne-Sophie. "La philanthropie au profit des musées d’art : une étude de droit privé comparé (France/États-Unis/Québec)". Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020070.
Texto completoWhether resulting from a private or public initiative, art museums have developed through the support of philanthropy (creation, funding the museums’ activities, development of museum collections). In recent years, philanthropy has become an increasingly popular practice in the museum sector, sometimes with the hope of reaching a level comparable to the American philanthropic practice. As a result, the French legislator undertook to support philanthropy by implementing tax incentives. These measures had an important effect as philanthropy for the benefit of art museums developed massively. However, the legal framework for philanthropy remains generally incomplete and its role in encouraging gifts underestimated. This observation has a particular resonance in the context of art museums, where the deficiencies in the legal framework for philanthropy have a significant influence on the conduct of museum activities. This observation is even a matter of urgency in view of the current context in which the legitimacy of tax incentive schemes is being discussed. Consequently, this work focuses on the legal qualification of philanthropic acts for the benefit of art museums in order to determine what complementary legal levers could be put in place to establish an attractive and sustainable legal framework. This approach is enriched by the legal comparison with the United States and Québec, as the former is the reference model for philanthropy for art museums, and the latter allows for a dialogue between civil law and common law traditions. More broadly, this work highlights the challenges related to the development of philanthropy for the benefit of art museums. It also pays particular attention to the power of private will in view of its growing influence on the conduct of activities in the public interest
Evans, Maria. "L’évolution de la régulation des marchés financiers : analyse comparée France, États-Unis et Costa Rica". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU10004.
Texto completoThe financial crisis of 2007/2008 has shaken the whole world. Its extension and its devastatingeffects on the economy have put financial regulation to the test and revealed its shortcomings. As aresult, reforms and the adoption of certain common standards have been proposed by internationalinstitutions such as the G20 and the Basel Committee.In this context, regulation has become an administrative governmental mode of action.Governments no longer intervene directly in the regulation of the economy, the supervision of theactivities of private individuals and sensitive sectors. For this, they delegate this function to regulatoryauthorities.The present research analyzes the evolution of financial market regulation in three countries, theUnited States, France and Costa Rica, in a comparative approach. This study focuses on the regulatorymodels chosen by these countries and more especially on the structure of the authorities in charge ofregulating securities market. To this end, we also analyze the challenges of the authorities, such as theintroduction of ESG criteria, new technologies, as well as questions of legitimacy and independence.These regulatory authorities are the guardians of the proper functioning of the securities markets andthe safety of investors
Ribes, Didier. "L'état protecteur des droits fondamentaux : recherche en droit comparé sur les effets des droits fondamentaux entre personnes privées". Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32043.
Texto completoAre fundamental rights a source of obligations for private parties? If so, a dogma can be questioned, i. E. The definition of fundamental rights as subjective rights of defence against the State. The normativist theory of law leads us to offer a definition of fundamental rights that implies, apart from a positive law restriction, an applicability of these rights to private parties. Such applicability is controversial as it may endanger the private's will autonomy and the private law's purpose. Different theories have been developed with the aim of defending an immediate applicability to private parties or a mediation through state norms of private law. Concurrent, but in reality complementary, these modalities allow the State to fulfil its mandate of protection. This mandate, derived from the guarantee of rights towards public law remedies, ensures its fulfilment in the sphere of private relationships
Sawadogo, Clarisse. "La prévention des difficultés des entreprises dans les États d'Afrique francophone". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010311.
Texto completoBorghetti, Jean-Sébastien. "La responsabilité du fait des produits : étude de droit comparé". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010264.
Texto completoChezlemas, Marie-Hélène. "La situation des salariés dans les opérations de transfert d'entreprise en droit comparé : France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010283.
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