Literatura académica sobre el tema "Étages de végétation"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Étages de végétation"
Brugiapaglia, Elisabetta, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Joël Guiot y Maurice Reille. "Transect de pluie pollinique et étagement de la végétation dans le massif du Taillefer (Isère, France)". Géographie physique et Quaternaire 52, n.º 2 (2 de octubre de 2002): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004775ar.
Texto completoBussières, Bruno, Serge Payette y Louise Filion. "Déboisement et entourbement des hauts sommets de Charlevoix à l’Holocène supérieur : origine des étages alpin et subalpin". Géographie physique et Quaternaire 50, n.º 3 (30 de noviembre de 2007): 258–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/033099ar.
Texto completoDahmani-Megrerouche, Malika. "Groupements à chêne vert et étages de végétation en Algérie". Ecologia mediterranea 22, n.º 3 (1996): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.1996.1807.
Texto completoGarraud, Luc. "Les étages de la végétation dans le sud-est de la France". Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 67, n.º 7 (1998): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.1998.11233.
Texto completoDavid, Fernand. "Établissement des étages de végétation holocène : vers la modélisation complète d’un massif". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie 324, n.º 3 (marzo de 2001): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0764-4469(00)01284-1.
Texto completoArgente del Castillo Ocaña, Carmen. "La utilización pecuaria de los baldíos andaluces (siglos XIII-XVI)". Anuario de Estudios Medievales 20, n.º 1 (2 de abril de 2020): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aem.1990.v20.1158.
Texto completoBéguin, Claude y Mélanie Progin Sonney et Michel Vonlanthen. "La végétation des sols polygonaux aux étages alpin supérieur et subnival en Valais (Alpes centro-occidentales, Suisse)". Botanica Helvetica 116, n.º 1 (junio de 2006): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00035-006-0737-z.
Texto completoThébaud, Gilles, Guillaume Choisnet y Camille Roux. "Contribution to the survey of the heathlands of the french Massif central (habitats 4030 and 4060) : analysis of phytosociological data." BIOM - Revue scientifique pour la biodiversité du Massif central 2, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2021): 62–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.52497/biom.v2i1.283.
Texto completoDucruc, Jean-Pierre, Richard Zarnovican, Vincent Gerardin y Michel Jurdant. "Les régions écologiques du territoire de la baie de James : caractéristiques dominantes de leur couvert végétal". Cahiers de géographie du Québec 20, n.º 50 (12 de abril de 2005): 365–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021326ar.
Texto completoLabelle, Claude y Pierre J. H. Richard. "Végétation tardiglaciaire et postglaciaire au sud-est du parc des Laurentides, Québec". Géographie physique et Quaternaire 35, n.º 3 (2 de febrero de 2011): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000544ar.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Étages de végétation"
Birre, Deborah. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle de la limite supérieure de la forêt dans la partie orientale des Pyrénées françaises : le rôle de l’anthropisation et des changements climatiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 13, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04651374.
Texto completoThe position of the upper forest limit, which delineates the transition between forested areas and alpine grasslands in mountainous regions, is theoretically determined by temperatures. However, its response to current climate warming is intricate and heterogeneous, carrying significant ecological and socio-economic implications. This thesis focuses on the Eastern Pyrenees to unravel the interactions between various potential factors and the dynamics of the upper forest limit. The central hypothesis suggests that the hierarchy of influencing factors, whether climatic or anthropogenic, varies depending on the scale of analysis. To test this hypothesis, a methodology combining geomatics for diachronic mapping at the scale of the entire study area, regional statistical analyses of potential factors, and local field surveys has been employed. Four major results have emerged from these analyses : (i) the lowering of the forest limit altitude compared to its theoretical altitude; (ii) the complementary nature of dynamic indicators beyond mere altitude changes; (iii) the multidimensionality of the dynamic depending on the indicator and scale considered; and (iv) the multiscale nature of the dynamic, where local contexts variably influence outcomes. These findings confirm the central hypothesis of the thesis and shed light on the relative effects of climate at regional and local scales
Otto-Bruc, Cécile. "Végétation des étangs de la Brenne (Indre) : influence des pratiques piscicoles à l'échelle des communautés végétales et sur une espèce d'intérêt européen : Caldesia parnassifolia (L.) Parl". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MNHN0018.
Texto completoArthaud, Florent. "Fonctionnement des étangs en réponse aux stress et perturbations d'origine anthropique : diversité, structure et dynamique des communautés végétales". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842280.
Texto completoBernard, Céline. "L' étang, l'homme et l'oiseau : incidences des modes de gestion des étangs piscicoles sur les ceintures de végétation et l'avifaune nicheuse en Sologne, Brenne, Bresse, Territoire de Belfort et Champagne humide". Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0054.
Texto completoThe piscicultural ponds are simultaneously economic areas of production by the intermediary of an extensive pisciculture, still strongly marked by traditions, and major ecosystems for the vegetation and the reproduction of water birds in France. The reception capacities of the ponds avifauna are obviously dependent on piscicultural practices which have to be replaced in their historical and socio-economic points of view. The adopted space approach tends to explore the existing interactions between three compartments of the piscicultural system, complex and variable from one area to another: - nesting of the avifauna - belts of aquatic vegetation - the piscicultural management, whose methods condition the economic and ecological potentialities. The comparative analysis of five piscicultural systems in the Sologne, Brenne, Bresse, Territory of Belfort and Wet Champagne has the aim of describing the specific adaptation of the piscicultural activity to their particular geohistorical contexts. It makes it possible to release the conditions under which piscicultural production and reception of the avifauna are set out, supplemented or compete with the possible use by hunting, on the same space: the pond, with its ambiguous and evolutionary definition. The various methods thus described, of balances between practices or possibly of user-conflicts, are used as a framework on a reflexion on the complementarity of the multiple functions of ponds. They pose the topical question of the multifonctionality of spaces largely in debate in the agricultural and forest world
Senterre, Bruno. "Recherches méthodologiques pour la typologie de la végétation et la phytogéographie des forêts denses d'Afrique tropicale". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210954.
Texto completoII. Field data consisted in phytosociological homogeneous sample plots localized within different recognized phytogeographical entities, in a region of tropical Africa where these entities are known to be well conserved. A total of 37 such plots were inventoried in the region extending from the littoral forests of Ndoté, Equatorial Guinea, which are wet evergreen forests, to the continental forests of the Dja, Cameroon, known as evergreen seasonal forests. The studied region also included the oriental Atlantic forests of Equatorial Guinea, known as moist evergreen forests or caesalp forests. In various parts of this continentality gradient, some plots were localized within climax non-zonal formations, namely the submontane rain forests. The emphasis was put on the vegetation of the Monte Alén National Park.
The sampling methodology was willing to be as "complete ", including all strata, "quantitative ", enumerating all individuals, and "representative ", within each stratum, as possible. These multi-layers plots were realised using nested sub-plots, with a sampling size of 100 individuals for every ligneous stratum recognized (dominant trees, dominated trees and shrubs) and a sampling size of 200m² for the herbaceous and suffrutex stratum.
Forest types were defined independently for each stratum and the differences were analysed. A method was proposed for the simultaneous analysis of all floristic data, converting and standardizing the values from ligneous strata, on the one hand, and from understorey strata, on the other hand.
III. Ten forest types were described using IndVal and discussed in the general context of the guineo-congolian region, from a syntaxonomic view point (agglomerative classification) and from a phytogeographical view point (divisive classification). Homologies between these two approaches are described. The proposed phytogeographical system is based on an "open " conception of hierarchical classifications, combining advantages of agglomerative and divisive classifications. In concrete terms, the non-zonal criteria, for example the submontane variants, are categorised separately and in analogy with the zonal criteria, related to the usual phytochoria.
Analysis of ecological relationships for the 10 communities showed that the main variables related to the floristic variability in our mainland rain forests are elevation, rainfall, hygrometry (estimated using bryophytes cover levels) and distance to the ocean. The two extremes on the vertical microclimatic gradient, dominant trees stratum and herbaceous stratum, give similar typologies, however canonical analysis showed that for the herbaceous layer, non-zonal variables (hygrometry and elevation) were gaining more importance when the influence of the two zonal variables was attenuated. In every case, spatial autocorrelation was less important than the environment in explaining floristic variability but its role increased in the spatial arrangement of understorey species, whose dispersal capacity is generally lower than canopy trees. The phytosociological, phytogeographical and ecological description of forest types is accompanied by a physiognomical description using biological types spectrum, as well as architectural models, leaf sizes, etc.
With regard to diversity, we have demonstrated that species richness was higher from upper to lower strata because of the accumulation in lower strata of species from various strata. On the other hand, the proper stratum diversity, i.e. the structural set, decreased from dominant trees to shrubs. The proper diversity of the herb layer showed relatively high figures mainly due to the higher individual density in relation to the existence of microstrata. Within the 37 sample plots, 1,050 taxa have been identified to species or morpho-species levels, for a total of 25,750 individuals. These taxa represent 442 genus among 104 families. The richest forest type is found on the foothills of the Niefang range, on the windward side. This forest type is also characterised by a high number of oligotypic genus and by species belonging to functional types indicators of glacial refuges. These functional types are defined on the basis of the dispersal capacity and on kind of stand needed for effective germination. We formulated the hypothesis that this kind of "foothills refuge ", characterised by his zonal nature, could have been one of the rare refuges for species from mainland rain forests, while montane and fluvial refuges would mainly have preserved species from non-zonal forest types: (sub)montane and riverine.
Based on indicator species of submontane forests, a potential distribution map of this forest type has been realised at the Atlantic central African scale. More than 400 submontane forest localities have been mapped. These forests begin at 400m of altitude near the ocean, and progressively at higher altitude for increasing distance to the ocean. Many lowland localities also comprised submontane species, which could indicate the existence of ecological transgressions. These transgressions would allow migratory tracks for submontane species between isolated mountain ranges, not only during glacial periods, through heights at the northern and southern borders of the congo basin, but also contemporarily through the lowland riverine forest network, in the centre of this basin. Finally, a special attention has been attributed to littoral forests and to some cases of choroecological transgressions, coupled to the ecological equalization phenomenon.
Doctorat en sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Arthaud, Florent. "Fonctionnement des étangs en réponse aux stress et perturbations d’origine anthropique : diversité, structure et dynamique des communautés végétales". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10064/document.
Texto completoOne important issue of research in Ecology is to understand how anthropogenic activities are influencing biodiversity and what are the consequences on ecosystem functioning. The aim of the study is to improve the knowledge of the mechanisms governing aquatic plant communities, particularly those related to human disturbance and eutrophication. Meta-ecosystems constituted by networks of fish-farming shallow lakes are study models adapted to our problematic because they are submitted to a strong anthropogenic pressure and because they show a high environmental variability. First, we studied the impact of watershed management practices on shallow lakes eutrophication. In a second step, we measured eutrophication effect on productivity and on diversity of phytoplankton communities. Finally, we were able to link 3 types of constraints generated by human practices (eutrophication, drying and connectivity between shallow lakes) to aquatic plant communities in terms of specific and functional diversity. The impact of eutrophication, recruitment and establishment of aquatic plant communities has been approached through the relationship between the seed bank and established vegetation. Eutrophication is the major factor responsible for the loss of plant biodiversity in shallow lakes. However frequent disturbances due to drying events induce a cyclic succession that helps maintain a high biodiversity
Dumas, Noé. "La végétation concurrente de la régénération forestière : évaluation des surfaces colonisées, modélisation de l'abondance et de l'impact sur la régénération ligneuse à l'échelle de la France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AGPT0015.
Texto completoForest renewal is a key stage in the life of forest stands as it allows the long-term maintenance of the forest and its associated ecosystem services. Among the factors likely to have a negative impact on forest renewal, colonisation by competitive species can slow down tree regeneration, or even block it for several decades.The objective of this thesis is to estimate the impact of competitive vegetation on tree regeneration on a regional to national scale. The thesis is mainly based on the use of French National Forest Inventory (NFI) data.A first step, using the results of a survey of forest managers, was to establish a list of the main competing species for tree regeneration, and to determine the areas where each species is present with a high abundance. Bramble (Rubus fruticosus), Eagle Fern (Pteridium aquilinum) and Purple Moor-grass (Molinia caerulea) are the main competitive species in France, and are each present with a high abundance in more than 300,000 ha of forests with open canopies in France.In order to better understand the ecology of competitive species, the role of canopy openness on the probability of presence and high abundance of competitive species was studied. For a majority of species, canopy cover has a weak effect on the probability of presence of species. Conversely, species abundance was strongly correlated with canopy cover, with high canopy cover being associated with lower abundance for most competitive species.The effect of competitive vegetation on tree regeneration cover was then modelled at the scale of France for the three main species. High abundance of P. aquilinum and M. caerulea is associated with a relative decrease in tree regeneration cover of about 30% and 40% respectively, compared to situations where these species are present at low abundance. Conversely, R. fruticosus has a more ambivalent effect on tree regeneration. Woody regeneration cover increases slightly on average at intermediate R. fruticosus abundances, and decreases significantly at high abundance of this species.Finally, the probability of presence and high abundance of the three main competing species was modelled, in order to identify the conditions of high abundance and to predict the location of the areas potentially impacted by the appearance of these three species when the canopy is opened. The difficulty of accurately modelling the presence and, more importantly, the level of abundance of these species led to models with poor predictive abilities, which did not allow for robust estimates of the conditions at high risk of colonisation by the three species studied.In conclusion, this thesis has shown that tree regeneration problems related to competitive vegetation species are present on significant areas in French forests. P. aquilinum and M. caerulea have a marked negative effect on tree regeneration regardless of their abundance, whereas the effect of R. fruticosus is only negative at high abundances. Finally, this thesis also demonstrated the importance of modelling presence and abundance separately, and identified the main factors that need to be taken into account to better model species abundance
Valdès, Gomez Hector. "Relations entre états de croissance de la vigne et maladies cryptogamiques sous différentes modalités d’entretien du sol en région méditerranéenne". Montpellier, ENSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0012.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "Étages de végétation"
Ozenda, Paul. La Végétation de la chaîne alpine dans l'espace montagnard européen. Dunod, 1985.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Étages de végétation"
COLIN, Elise y Laetitia THIRION-LEFEVRE. "Modéliser la rétrodiffusion radar par les forêts : une première étape pour inverser". En Inversion et assimilation de données de télédétection, 237–69. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9142.ch7.
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