Tesis sobre el tema "Estuary process"

The Dee estuary, one of the most important British estuaries in terms of size and conservation value, has been subject to extensive colonisation and development of intertidal mudflats by salt marsh vegetation. In the last century, acceleration of this process has been attributed to the ability of Spartina anglica C.E. Hubbard to colonise bare sediment. The research in this thesis aims to investigate the ecological patterns and processes involved in the development of salt marsh vegetation. These have been examined using a large-scale approach involving remote sensing techniques and a small-scale approach to examine ecological processes at the level of the individual plant and species. Large-scale temporal patterns in the distribution were investigated by analysing a sequence of monochrome aerial photographs dating from 1955 to 1997. At the marsh apex, initial rapid colonisation was followed by a decreased rate of expansion and a reduction in the pioneer zone. This suggested a steepening of the marsh elevation gradient, which is interpreted as the marsh approaching its natural limit of expansion. The rate of salt marsh expansion was consistent across the time sequence for the second target area, a cross-section of the marsh gradient, but with S. a«g/zca-dominated colonisation of mudflats changing to colonisation by a pioneer community co-dominated by S. anglica and Salicornia europaea. Large-scale spatial distribution patterns were further investigated using multispectral remote sensing data from 1997. Radiometric data were used to define the spectral characteristics of the major types of salt marsh vegetation. Airborne Thematic Mapper data were used to classify the reflectance data from the whole marsh to determine the spatial distribution of plant communities based on their spectral characteristics. Mapping of these communities provided a baseline that will be a useful tool for future management of the salt marsh. An experimental approach was used to examine the role of abiotic and biotic factors on the growth and interactions between S. anglica and Puccinellia maritima (Huds.) Parl. In two series of competition experiments, P. maritima exerted a one¬way effect over S. anglica. The intensity of this interaction was increased in environmental conditions favourable to P. maritima, and was greater in terms of above-ground than below-ground biomass. In both experiments, S. anglica exhibited a disproportionate reduction in below-ground competitive interaction in abiotic conditions less favourable to P. maritima. A corresponding increase in rhizomes suggested that this is a potential mechanism by which S. anglica may evade competitive neighbours at low marsh elevations. An appreciation of the importance of scale has led to a multi-scaled and holistic view of the ecological process of salt marsh colonisation and development. Integration of both large and small-scale approaches has provided valuable information on the ecological patterns and processes, and has important implications for current and future management of salt marsh in the Dee estuary.

The Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) is an important climate system, affecting over half of the global population. Understanding past ASM changes is therefore crucial for assessing potential impacts of future climate change in Asia. However, previous reconstructions of ASM precipitation intensity generally rely on the local-scale catchments of lake, cave and vegetation-based records. There is significant disparity between these records, possibly attributable to local microclimate responses overprinting the regional signal. This thesis reconstructs precipitation-driven river flux to the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), a major river system in China, to record monsoon variability over a more regional scale. A suite of biornarker-based ratios indicative of terrestrial organic matter (TOM) flux (the concentration ratio of terrestrial to marine n-fatty acids, n-alcohols and sterols, and the BIT Index), are analysed in contemporary grab samples and a sediment core from 6.5 ka to present. Additionally, carbon isotope (813C) values of leaf wax n-fatty acids are analysed from 6.5 ka to present to assess potential vegetation change. TOM input to the modem PRE generally decreases from river to ocean. Superimposed on this decrease, the biomarker distributions record a rapid decrease across the delta toe, indicating that organic matter (OM) burial is largely dictated by the sedimentary regime. From 6.5 ka to present, BIT indices show strong covariance with a precipitation record within the drainage basin, indicating that soil OM input to the PRE covaried with paleoprecipitation 6.5 ka to present. The other three biomarker ratios also record a general decrease in TOM. However, these ratios record some disparity at 5.5 ka, suggesting a change in vegetation OM input to the core. Leaf wax 813C values record a significant enrichment at 2 ka, consistent with a previously published bulk 813C record, suggesting an anthropogenically-driven shift to a greater C4 plant component with the onset of agriculture. 111.

Doutoramento em Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente
Triggered by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, among other seminal publications, ecosystem services research has experienced an almost exponential growth over the past two decades. Since then, ecosystem services have become widespread and the concept has been used in different disciplines, separately and in collaboration, to address complex socioecological problems. These efforts were accompanied at political level with a number of international and European initiatives, such as the creation of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, the adoption of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity of the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the adoption of the EU Biodiversity Strategy. Driving the uptake of ecosystem services is the argument that its integration can lead to better environmental decision-making. Moreover, by emphasizing the ecosystems’ central role on human well-being it provides anthropocentric-oriented argumentation for biodiversity and nature conservation. This is particularly relevant for coastal regions which are complex socialecological systems with high ecological value but simultaneously under significant pressure. This challenges traditional forms of management and calls for a more integrative, adaptive, inclusive, and ecosystem-based management. Despite of the growing body of work, the actual uptake of ecosystem services into policy and decision-making processes is still limited and challenging. On this basis, and considering the constraints when putting ecosystem services into practice, this research aims to: i) develop and discuss a managementoriented approach to identify, classify and map the ecosystem services provided by a complex social-ecological system; ii) develop an in-depth study of the ecosystem services present in Ria de Aveiro coastal region, as well as the main pressures and potential impacts; iii) explore the potential of integration of the ecosystem services on spatial planning process, particularly on Estuary Programmes. Estuary Programmes were seen as a unique opportunity to investigate these issues, since they are special programmes, are focused on complex socialecological systems, and can be further explored. Though Vouga Estuary Programme was created in 2009, it has not been developed yet, which presents an opportunity for testing the proposed approach and methodologies in the future. Although it uses Ria de Aveiro costal region as case study, the lessons learned and the proposed model can be used in other social-ecological systems beyond the estuary level or Portugal. Despite of the identified biophysical, technical and management constraints, this research proved that it is possible to map multiple ecosystem services using available data, and that ecosystem services knowledge can be incorporated in spatial planning process by adapting current planning practices (including participation). As new data becomes available, ecosystem services’ assessment methods become standardized, and technical skills evolve, the proposed approach and methodologies can be gradually improved, following the adaptive management rationale. This research suggests that spatial planning processes need to bring together various disciplines from natural and social sciences, and be informed by multiple layers of information regarding the provision of ecosystem services, pressures, alternative futures and stakeholders’ preferences and concerns. Principles such as comprehensive, adaptive, inclusive, and integrative were considered key for guiding ecosystem services integration into spatial planning process. Additionally, it highlights the viability and relevance of integrating ecosystem services into the technical configuration of Estuary Programs and spatial planning processes, in general. It also demonstrates how the integration of these concepts helps to innovate and strengthen the process of environmental planning and management towards sustainability, territorial and social cohesion, responding to current societal challenges and contributing to human well-being.
Os serviços de ecossistemas têm vindo a assumir um papel central na investigação científica, observando-se um crescimento exponencial no número de publicações científicas nas últimas duas décadas. Impulsionado por um conjunto de publicações influentes, designadamente a avaliação global do Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, este conceito tem vindo a ser adotado por várias disciplinas no sentido de responder, individual ou conjuntamente, aos desafios decorrentes da complexidade dos sistemas socio-ecológicos. Paralelamente, a nível político, tem-se observado um aumento significativo de iniciativas internacionais e europeias com enfoque nos serviços de ecossistemas, como a criação da Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, a adoção do Plano Global Estratégico para a Biodiversidade, e a adoção da Estratégia Europeia para a Biodiversidade. Vários argumentos têm motivado a sua apropriação, nomeadamente a convicção de que a integração dos serviços de ecossistemas permitirá melhorar o processo de tomada de decisão no desenho e implementação das políticas ambientais, salientando o papel basilar dos ecossistemas no bem-estar humano. Estes aspetos são particularmente relevantes para as zonas costeiras, uma vez que estas são sistemas socio-ecológicos complexos caracterizados, simultaneamente, por um elevado valor ecológico e elevada vulnerabilidade. Esta circunstância desafia as práticas tradicionais de planeamento e apela a uma gestão mais integradora, adaptativa, inclusiva e fortemente baseada nos ecossistemas. Não obstante o crescente volume de investigação desenvolvido nesta área, a integração dos serviços de ecossistemas no processo de planeamento e tomada de decisão é considerada, ainda, limitada e desafiante, em particular nestes territórios de interface – as zonas costeiras. Assim, e tendo em consideração os constrangimentos da sua aplicação prática, são objetivos específicos desta investigação: i) desenvolver e discutir uma abordagem, orientada para a gestão do território, que permita identificar, classificar e mapear os serviços de ecossistemas; ii) desenvolver um estudo aprofundado dos serviços de ecossistemas presentes na Ria de Aveiro e zona costeira adjacente, bem como as principais pressões e potenciais impactos; iii) propor um modelo de integração dos serviços de ecossistemas no processo de planeamento espacial, aplicado aos Programas de Estuário. A figura de Programa de Estuário – por ser um programa de natureza especial, por incidir sobre um sistema socio-ecológico complexo, e por ainda não estar devidamente explorada – foi encarada como uma oportunidade única para investigar esta temática. Criado em 2009, o Programa de Estuário do Vouga não foi, à data, elaborado. Neste contexto real, antevê-se como uma excelente oportunidade de futuro para testar as metodologias e abordagem desenhadas ao longo desta investigação. Apesar do âmbito territorial da investigação ter incidência na Ria de Aveiro e zona costeira adjacente, a abordagem, os resultados e o modelo desenvolvido podem ser replicados noutros sistemas socio-ecológicos que vão para além dos estuários e do território nacional. A complexidade da área de estudo evidenciou constrangimentos de ordem biofísica, técnica e de gestão territorial. Através deste estudo demonstra-se que é possível, com base na informação existente, mapear múltiplos serviços de ecossistemas e incorporar este tipo de informação no processo de planeamento através da adaptação das práticas correntes (inclusivamente de participação). À medida que novos dados vão surgindo, que os métodos e técnicas vão sendo padronizados, e que as competências técnicas vão evoluindo, a abordagem e metodologias propostas podem ser gradualmente melhoradas, seguindo a lógica da gestão adaptativa. Constata-se a necessidade de o processo de planeamento envolver várias disciplinas das ciências naturais e sociais, bem como ter em consideração múltiplos tipos de informação, não só relativa aos serviços prestados pelos ecossistemas, mas também às pressões, aos cenários alternativos, e às preferências e preocupações dos atores chave. Finalmente, identificam-se quatro princípios fundamentais que devem orientar a integração dos serviços de ecossistemas no processo de planeamento e gestão territorial: holístico, adaptação, inclusão, integração. Esta investigação evidencia, de modo inequívoco, a viabilidade e relevância de integração dos serviços de ecossistemas na configuração técnica dos Programas de Estuário, e dos processos de planeamento em geral. Demonstra, ainda, o modo como a integração destes conceitos inova e fortalece o processo de planeamento ambiental e gestão do território, numa ótica de sustentabilidade, coesão territorial e social, respondendo aos atuais desafios societais e contribuindo para o bem-estar humano.

La qualité des réservoirs est l’un des facteurs « risque » pour l’exploration d’hydrocarbures ou pour le développement futur de la géothermie dans les hydro-systèmes silicoclastiques. Les propriétés réservoirs sont définies par les valeurs de porosité et perméabilité. Dans les réservoirs silicoclastiques profondément enfouis, des coatings de chlorite authigénique autour des grains de quartz permettent de préserver ces propriétés. Les mécanismes régissant la formation et la distribution de ces tapissages sont encore mal connus. Les objectifs de ce projet de thèse sont: (1) de caractériser (minéralogie, cristallochimie, propriétés texturales et microstructurales) et de déterminer la distribution spatio-temporelle des tapissages argileux dans des environnements sédimentaires bien contraints et dans un cadre stratigraphique bien défini; (2) de mieux comprendre les facteurs contrôlant la formation des tapissages argileux dans les réservoirs silicoclastiques; (3) de décrire les processus intermédiaires de formation de chlorite authigénique via différents minéraux précurseurs au cours de l’enfouissement; (4) de prédire la distribution des bonnes propriétés réservoirs en lien avec les coatings argileux. L’analogue moderne choisit dans le cadre de cette étude est l’estuaire de la Gironde où la présence de tapissages argileux détritiques a pu être mise en évidence dans la zone intertidale des barres tidales et barres de méandres, mais aussi dans des carottes sédimentaires de plusieurs mètres de profondeur. Les mécanismes de formation de ces tapissages ont été appréhendés avec l’interaction entre processus hydrodynamiques et biologiques. Des analogies avec des réservoirs gréseux enfouis (>3500m) ont permis de déterminer que les dépôts sableux de barres tidales externes déposées à la fin d’un cycle transgressif sont les cibles privilégiées pour trouver de bonnes propriétés réservoirs dans les réservoirs estuariens. L’évolution des coatings détritiques au cours de l’enfouissement a pu être retracée par l’étude de réservoirs enfouis entre 400 et 1000m de profondeur. Les coatings détritiques se transforment en berthiérine et interstratifié chlorite-smectite vers 600-900m de profondeur et des températures comprises entre 30-40°C. Ces minéraux constituent de véritables précurseurs aux coatings de chlorites ferreuses apparaissant plus en profondeur
The reservoir quality is one of the "risk" factors for hydrocarbon exploration or for the future development of geothermal energy in siliciclastic hydrosystems. Reservoir properties are defined by porosity and permeability values. In deep buried siliciclastic reservoirs, chlorite coatings around quartz grains help to preserve these properties. The mechanisms behind these coatings are still poorly understood. The objectives of this study are: (1) to characterize (mineralogy, crystallography, textural and microstructural properties) and to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of clay and clay coatings in well constrained sedimentary environments and within a well-defined stratigraphic framework; (2) to better understand the factors controlling the formation of clay coatings in siliciclastic reservoirs; (3) to describe the intermediate processes of authigenic chlorite formation via different precursor minerals during burial; (4) to predict the distribution of good reservoir properties in relation to clay coatings. The modern analogue chosen for this study is the Gironde estuary, where the presence of detrital clay grain coats was detected in the intertidal zone of tidal and point bars, but also in pluri-meters long sedimentary cores. The formation mechanisms of these coatings have been investigated with the interaction between hydrodynamic and biological processes. Analogies with buried sandstone reservoirs (>3500m) showed that sand facies of external tidal bars deposited at the end of a transgressive cycle are the preferred targets for finding good reservoir properties in estuarine reservoirs. The evolution of detrital clay grain coats during burial was approached by studying buried reservoirs between 400 and 1000m deep. The detrital coatings are transformed into berthierine and mixed-layer chlorite-smectite at depths between 600 and 900m and temperatures between 30-40°C. These minerals are true precursors to ferrous chlorite coatings that appear at greater depth

This study aims to describe and quantify the important sedimentary processes which control the dispersal and accumulation of sediment in the Dwyryd Estuary, adjacent to Tremadog Bay in West Wales. It is shown that sedimentation in the estuary is dominantly control by fast tidal currents, and in the bay by weak tidal currents. Landward transport of coastal sediments by tidal currents is the residual sediment transport path. The spatial distribution of textural parameters of the estuarine sediments is related to the strength of tidal currents as well as the morphology and bathymetry of the study area. The estuarine sediments, predominantly sand, are very similar in texture and mineralogy to the adjacent beach sediments but markedly different to the river sediments. However, the beach sediments are slightly coarser and more poorly sorted than the estuarine sediments. In contrast, sediment in the deeper parts of Tremadog Bay are finer than both the estuarine and beach sediments due to the presence of substantial admixture of mud. The grain size distributions of most of the sediments are neither lognormal nor log-hyperbolic reflecting the great variability of hydrodynamic conditions in the study area. Using previously published flume data, a new sediment transport rate formula in the form of a power law has been developed for computation of total sediment load from the bed mean grain size and flow parameters: Uc The exponent n varies from 2.7 (for 0.93 mm sand) to 4.18 (for 0.19 mm sand). This is in contrast to the Bagnold (1966) formula which regards the exponent value (equal to 3) as constant for all grain sizes. Sediment transport patterns depend on the asymmetry between flood and ebb tidal currents due to distortion of the tidal wave on entering the estuary. Estimates of sediment budgets from surveyed profiles suggest that large amounts of sand have been transported from coastal areas into the estuary, supporting the mineralogical evidence. The estimates are of the same order of magnitude as estimates using flow velocity data and the above sediment transport formula.

Le modèle input-output régional environnementalisé développé dans la thèse de M. Cordier suggère qu’il serait possible de restaurer 25% des surfaces naturelles de nourriceries de poissons détruites dans l’estuaire de la Seine entre 1834 et 2004. Le modèle suggère que la mesure de restauration pourrait augmenter de 15% à 23% la biomasse de soles produite dans l’estuaire par rapport à une situation sans mesure. Quant à l’effet des coûts de restauration sur les agrégats macroéconomiques (PIB, emploi, etc.), il génère une diminution qui ne dépasse pas 0,5% par rapport à une situation sans mesure. Le modèle montre cependant que trois secteurs sont particulièrement touchés par la mesure, leur bénéfice étant considérablement réduit. Cela indique le compromis à réaliser entre les objectifs écologiques à long terme et les objectifs économiques sectoriels à court terme. La quantification des compromis par le modèle constitue un atout utile aux processus de décision participatifs multicritère / The regional green input-output model developed in Mateo Cordier's PhD shows that it seems possible to restore 25% of the natural areas of fish nurseries destroyed in the Seine estuary between 1834 and 2004. The model suggests that the restoration measure could increase between 15% and 23% the biomass of sole generated by the estuary compared to a situation without measure. Regarding the impact of restoration costs on macro-economic indicators (GDP, employment, etc.), it generates a decrease that does not exceed 0,5% compared to a situation without measure. However, the model shows that three sectors are particularly impacted by the measure. Their benefits are considerably reduced. This shows the trade-off that occurs between ecological targets on the long run and economic targets on the short run. The quantification of such trade-offs in the model is particularly useful to public participation in decision-making.
Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Au cours de ce travail, j’ai réalisé une série d'études dans le bassin du Changjiang (Yangtze), afin de mieux comprendre l'influence de ces effets.Tout d'abord, l'exploitation du barrage des Trois Gorges (TGD) a modifié la composition géochimique des sédiments en aval. Depuis 2003, les sédiments venant des hauts bassins ont été en grande partie retenus en amont, tandis que les sédiments précédemment déposés dans le bassin moyen-inférieur ont été progressivement remis en suspension. Ces processus expliquent l’évolution géochimique des sédiments exportés vers la mer de Chine. En deuxième partie, une étude systématique démontre que les compositions isotopiques en lithium des phases dissoutes et particulaires se comportent de façon conservative dans la zone de mélange de l'estuaire du Changjiang. Cependant, les phases échangeables ne représentent qu'une faible quantité de Li, ce qui explique son impact négligeable dans cette zone. Troisièmement, Cette étude confirme que dans les grands bassins versants, l'altération chimique peut réagir rapidement à de grandes amplitudes climatiques. Ceci est particulièrement bien illustré, dans la carotte CM97, par la période du Younger Dryas. Depuis 2 000 ans, les δ7Li des argiles s’accentuent clairement par rapport à la période précédente, à cause de l'érosion des sols de plaines induite par l'homme. En résumé, ces résultats apportent de nouveaux éclairages sur l'interprétation des proxys et sur la réponse de l'altération chimique aux variations climatiques, ce qui est essentiel pour mieux quantifier l’impact du l’altération continentale sur les climats passés et futurs de notre planète
In order to better understand the weathering-climate feedback, a series of studies was carried out in the Changjiang (Yangtze) Basin. First, the operation of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) changed downstream sediment geochemical compositions. Before 2003, large amounts of upstream-derived sediments deposited and experienced further weathering in the mid-lower basin. Since 2003, strong riverbed sediment resuspension changed the roles of the mid-lower reaches from important sinks to major sources of sediments delivered to the sea. As a consequence, an intensified weathering intensity of downstream sediment was observed.Second, dissolved δ7Li exhibit a conservative behavior in the Changjiang Estuary. During the process of SPM transported offshore, weathering product flocculated and deposited, while primary minerals resuspended. The combined effect resulted in the UCC-like SPM δ7Li values. There is a Li isotope fractionation between the dissolved load and exchangeable phase. However, this process shows negligible impact on δ7Li of dissolved load and particulates. Third, weathering response to climate is complex in large river basins. During the Younger Dryas, the positive excursion of clay δ7Li is consistent with enhanced incongruent weathering, in response to temperature cooling. The minor variation of clay δ7Li at 11 – 2 ka likely indicate stable weathering and mile climate variation. Over the last 2 kyr, the fluctuation of clay δ7Li is mostly caused by intensification of human activities. In summary, this thesis sheds new lights on the weathering-climate feedback over geologic past, and provides perspectives on how human activities affect natural processes

The Mawddach Estuary and Barmouth Bay now occupy what was a deeply incised glaciated valley at the last ice maximum. This valley is now filled by a complex suite of sediments, up to 75m thick at the present estuary mouth, which record increasing marine influence. A regressive coastline is also present today. In the Bay, Welsh glacial drifts were eroded to form deep depressions, infilled by complex cross- stratified Late- or Postglacial sediments, overlain by a parallel-stratified sequence, perhaps formed behind a coast-parallel morainal barrier. Net sediment transport of the fine sand in the Bay is shoreward, controlled by a strong mesotidal and wave regime. Calculated sediment transport rates infer long term sediment accumulation rates of 82mm per year for the estuary as a whole, but repeated surveys suggest much spatial variation within the estuary. Waves greatly enhance sediment transport in the bay, by approximately 30 times in storms, when coarse sand is mobilised. The estuarine sand fines landward, from medium- to very finegrained. Grain size and petrological evidence suggest sediment is derived from erosion of glacial deposits in Cardigan Bay. A highly skewed tidal wave creates strong flood currents and net flood sediment transport throughout the estuary and in the southwest portion of the bay. The estuary is generally well-mixed, and the tidal wave is a standing wave with a progressive component. The estuary comprises a two part hydrodynamic system, with decreased currents and sediment transport inland of a hard rock constriction. Intertidal megaripples dominate large areas of the seaward portion of the estuary. They show very complex morphological and dynamic behaviour over a lunar cycle. Detailed velocity profile measurements over these megaripples, show complex relationships of bedform to flow. Flow parameters show considerable scatter, and have only weak correlations with bedform morphology or migration. Within each flood-ebb cycle, the relationship of shear velocity to roughness length appears related to the underlying bedforms. Natural variation of megaripple behaviour is a major factor in limiting palaeoflow estimates from deposits of intertidal megaripples. A concluding chapter discusses the relationship between sea-level, sedimentation, and estuarine hydrodynamics, through the Holocene. Sea level rise brought drowning and erosion of coastal glacial complexes, leading to conditions allowing spit formation and growth, with, in the estuary, increased tidal asymmetry, salinity and low water elevation. Fine-grained estuarine sedimentation was initiated in the sheltered back-barrier region, intertidal flats and supratidal marshes prograded, and tidal channels were progressively restricted towards the northern side of the estuary mouth. Within the modern estuarine sand wedge, preserved estuarine sedimentary structures may exhibit an upwards-increasing expression of flood- directed sediment transport.

O presente estudo tem como objeto a análise das condições de (in)efetividade do direito da criança ser inquirida em processos judiciais por meio do depoimento especial do Poder Judiciário do Estado do Tocantins. A finalidade da pesquisa consiste em averiguar em que medida o Poder Judiciário do Estado do Tocantins está preparado para realizar o depoimento especial, quais os caminhos que vem percorrendo para tanto e quais as perspectivas para a sua implantação. Os objetivos centrais da pesquisa foram apontar a evolução histórica do tratamento jurídico dispensado à criança, inclusive na seara penal especificamente quanto ao crime de estupro de vulnerável, apresentar o método tradicional de oitiva do sujeito passivo do crime e o método do depoimento especial e, por fim, analisar da realidade atual das condições materiais e humanas necessárias à oitiva da criança pelo método do depoimento especial, na tentativa de identificar estruturas e projetos existentes no Poder Judiciário tocantinense com tal desiderato. O método de abordagem foi o descritivo; o de pesquisa, dedutivo. Informações advindas de diversas fontes oficiais de pesquisa foram reunidas, organizadas e avaliadas. Apurou-se que o Poder Judiciário do Estado do Tocantins não reúne condições materiais e humanas necessárias à implementação do depoimento especial. Concluiu-se que, apesar dos esforços e iniciativas, o depoimento especial, trazido pela Lei n. 13.431/2007, não encontra ambiente para efetiva e imediata aplicação no Estado do Tocantins, sequer a curto ou médio prazo, o que representa uma violação ao direito de a criança ser ouvida por meio do depoimento especial.
The present study has as its object the analysis of the conditions of (in) effectiveness of the right of the child to be interviewed in judicial processes through the special testimony of the Judicial Branch of the State of Tocantins. The purpose of the research is to find out to what extent the Judicial Branch of the State of Tocantins is prepared to carry out the special testimony, what are the paths it has been going through and the perspectives for its implementation. The main objectives of the research were to point out the historical evolution of the legal treatment given to the child, including in the criminal chamber specifically regarding the crime of rape of vulnerable, to present the traditional method of hearing of the subject of the crime and the method of the special testimony, To analyze the current reality of the material and human conditions necessary for the child's hearing through the special testimony method, in an attempt to identify existing structures and projects in the Tocantins' Judiciary with such desideratum. The method of approach was descriptive; the research, deductive. Information from various official sources of research was gathered, organized, and evaluated. It was found that the Judicial Branch of the State of Tocantins does not meet the material and human conditions necessary for the implementation of the special testimony. It was concluded that, despite the efforts and initiatives, the special testimony, brought by Law no. 13.431 / 2007, does not find an environment for effective and immediate application in the state of Tocantins, even in the short or medium term, which represents a violation of the right of the child to be heard through the special testimony.

SIQUEIRA, Camilla Karla Barbosa. A liberdade sexual da mulher na prática judicial: análise da aplicação de esteriótipos de gênero em processos de estupro. 2016. 142 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito) - Faculdade de Direito, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Fortaleza, 2016.
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For centuries, women have been treated as inferior people, suffering because of this all kindsof violence. Despite the evolution brought by the era of recognition of rights, in both national and international level, including rights specifically designed for women, it is noticeable that they are still considered as inferior human beings in some level.This scenario causes the persistence ofgender-based violence, including sexual violence, which is adifficult problem to overcome nowadays. In the scenario described here, the study aims to investigate the persistent use of gender stereotypes in criminal rape cases. The Criminal Justice System is considered the legitimate arena for prevention of crime, and its effectiveness with regard to gender-based crimes needs to be investigated. In order to achieve this goal, the study first analyzed the concept of gender as a female emancipation tool and explored stereotypes related to gender. The next step consisted in researches around gender-based violence and its sexual form, including the investigation of rape as a crime in Brazilian law. It is argued that the Criminal Justice System, by incorporating gender stereotypes in their judgments, replicates the violence suffered by women, emerging as an institution incapable of protecting their sexual freedom, given that the gender violence is not slowing down. For the study, we used literature analysis, involving the reading of academic books and articles on the topics discussed, and documental analysis, mostly related to the examination of national and international normative documents, as well as criminal lawsuits that investigate crimes of rape committed against women, all of them originated .The approach is qualitative, and Critical Discourse Analysis isusedas a methodological tool for the lawsuit sanalysis, thus setting up a qualitative methodology.
Durante séculos, a mulher tem sido vista como ser inferior, sofrendo em razão disso violências de várias naturezas. Apesar dos avanços trazidos pela era do reconhecimento de direitos em âmbito nacional e internacional, inclusive direitos específicos das mulheres, percebe-se que a concepção inferiorizada do feminino ainda persiste no imaginário coletivo, tornando a violência de gênero, inclusive a de teor sexual, um problema difícil de contornar. Em virtude do cenário esboçado, o trabalho tem como objetivo principal investigara persistência do uso de estereótipos de gênero em processos penais de estupro.O Sistema de Justiça Criminal se põe como instância privilegiada de prevenção e reparação de crimes, e sua eficácia no que diz respeito aos crimes de gênero precisa ser averiguada. Para isso, foi analisado o conceito de gênero enquanto ferramenta de emancipação feminina, bem como o estudo de estereótipos relacionados ao gênero e da violência sexual como violência de gênero. Sustenta-se que o Sistema de Justiça Criminal, ao incorporar estereótipos de gênero em seus julgamentos, replica a violência sofrida pelas mulheres, surgindo como meio inábil para a proteção de sua liberdade sexual. Para a realização do estudo, utilizou-se análise bibliográfica, com análise de livros e artigos acadêmicos sobre os assuntos abordados, e documental, com o exame de normas nacionais e internacionais, bem como de processos judiciais em que se apurou o cometimento de crime de estupro contra mulheres, retirados do Judiciário cearense; a pesquisa é, portanto,restrita às práticas da Justiça do Ceará. A abordagem é predominantemente qualitativa. A Análise de Discurso Crítica foi usada como ferramenta metodológica para a análise processual. .

Se realizó una investigación en el tema de la Hidrodinámica de sistemas acuáticos ambientales, específicamente, acerca de los procesos de flujo y transporte en la capa límite béntica de estuarios afectados por oleaje. Este estudio se enmarca dentro del proyecto FONDECYT “Turbulencia y Transporte en la capa límite béntica de Lagos y Estuarios, Estudio de Terreno y Modelación”. Los experimentos fueron realizados en un canal abierto de 12 m de largo y 0.3 m de ancho, con un lecho de sedimentos de arena uniforme de 0.5 mm. Se instalo un generador de oleaje en el extremo de aguas abajo. Sus frecuencias de oscilación fueron controladas mediante una computadora. En un tramo central del canal, de 0.5 m de largo, el lecho fue aislado y saturado con un trazador, el cual fue inyectado a través de agujeros ubicados en el fondo. Además se utilizó una esponja como difusor, la cual permite obtener una concentración uniforme y homogénea del trazador en el lecho de sedimentos. Se utilizó una solución salina de concentración baja como trazador, para poder detectarlo en el flujo con la ayuda de un sensor de conductividad. La cota del estanque principal que contiene la solución salina se mantuvo constante e igual al nivel medio de la superficie libre del canal, para así no crear un flujo artificial del trazador hacia la columna del agua. Se utilizó un sensor eléctrico para registrar la altura del flujo y el período de onda. Un sensor de velocidad tipo ADV y un sensor de conductividad, fueron utilizados para medir la estructura de la turbulencia en el flujo y la concentración de sal en la columna del agua, a lo largo de varios perfiles situados en la línea central del canal, en la región donde el trazador fue inyectado al lecho de sedimentos. Se realizaron 3 tipos de experiencias para 2 caudales distintos: una experiencia solo con flujo gravitacional y otras 2 con oleaje de períodos distintos. Se integraron los perfiles de concentración del trazador a lo largo del volumen de control, para determinar el intercambio de masa entre la columna de agua y los sedimentos. Se utilizó un modelo lineal de intercambio de masa, considerando la diferencia entre las concentraciones de sal en los sedimentos y la columna del agua, para así determinar un valor del coeficiente total del intercambio. Se adimensionalizó el coeficiente de intercambio mediante el número de Sherwood y se graficó en función del número de Reynolds del flujo. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que existe un aumento del número de Sherwood a medida que aumenta el número de Reynolds, es decir, la turbulencia generada por el flujo provoca aumento en la transferencia de masa. Esto último es consecuente con los resultados obtenidos en experiencias similares de transferencia de oxígeno disuelto. Además, se concluyó que el efecto de agitación por oleaje aumenta el valor del coeficiente total de intercambio y por ende del número de Sherwood, para un mismo número de Reynolds. El efecto de las olas modifica la estructura del flujo y la turbulencia, aumentando los gradientes de velocidades, la energía cinética turbulenta y la componente vertical de la velocidad, lo que provoca el aumento del intercambio de masa entre la columna de agua y los sedimentos.

A Educação Física (EF) escolar no Brasil passa por um momento bastante delicado. Situações como a diminuição de carga horária dessa disciplina nas escolas e a sua baixa presença no planejamento curricular nacional para o Ensino Médio, são indícios que a sociedade atribui pouca importância a esse componente curricular no ambiente escolar. Colabora para isso o fato de que mesmo com o aumento do número de professores atuando com práticas inovadoras nos últimos anos, o modo tradicional – centrado em poucas modalidades esportivas – e os casos de abandono docente ainda são maioria nas aulas da EF brasileira. Frente a isso, pesquisadores que assumem um posicionamento propositivo, para além de criticar as atuações dos professores nas escolas, têm apontado a formação continuada como uma possibilidade de mudança. No entanto, o formato da maioria das formações para os docentes de EF apresenta características de carga horária reduzida, poucos encontros e desconsideração pelos saberes e interesses dos professores. A partir desse diagnóstico, chega-se ao entendimento que passa a ser fundamental o investimento público em formação continuada de longo prazo baseada em estudos colaborativos com os professores. Tendo esse contexto como referência, esta pesquisa se centra na seguinte questão: de que modo um processo de formação continuada de longa duração, pautado nos pressupostos de uma EF renovada, pode contribuir para uma mudança na concepção de ensino de professores na qual o direito a aprender a pluralidade dos temas da cultura corporal de movimento seja central? Especificamente, buscou-se: compreender os conceitos e sentidos que orientam os docentes no processo de ensino na EF escolar; verificar a ocorrência – ou não – de uma mudança nas concepções dos professores em relação aos processos de ensino em decorrência de uma formação continuada oferecida; identificar os fatores que possibilitam a mudança na concepção de ensino dos professores; analisar como o formato e a condução da formação continuada, na lógica de uma experiência colaborativa, potencializa o processo de mudança de concepção. Para tanto, operou-se metodologicamente com a realização de uma investigação de abordagem qualitativa, caracterizada como uma pesquisa documental com a utilização de dados secundários como técnica de levantamento/aquisição de informações. Mais precisamente, foram analisados os seguintes documentos: materiais didático-pedagógicos produzidos por professores, anotações realizadas por docentes, imagens, transcrições das falas dos professores, um questionário com questões abertas, entrevistas com os participantes, anotações de um acadêmico-bolsista que acompanhou os encontros. Todos estes materiais são de propriedade da 36ª Coordenadoria Regional de Educação do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, responsável por uma formação continuada que contou com a participação regular de 15 professores de EF, em 26 encontros de estudos realizados de novembro de 2015 a agosto de 2018. A análise dos documentos permite afirmar que: a) os professores possuem concepções prévias, enraizadas ao longo de sua vida profissional, que freiam o processo de mudança de concepção; b) à medida que o sentido da EF na escola não é claro para os docentes, eles não têm certeza sobre o que ensinar. Consequentemente, optam por abordar alguns esportes com os quais sentem-se mais à vontade; c) os professores se mostram incomodados com essa forma de atuação uma vez que não conseguem oportunizar aos alunos a aprendizagem acerca da pluralidade de temas da cultura corporal de movimento; d) ao tomarem contato com temas que desconheciam, os docentes passaram a suspeitar de suas concepções e de suas atuações nas aulas. Em consequência, emergiu um estado de angústia que diminuía ou aumentava de acordo com o que fazia sentido para eles; e) todos os participantes da formação continuada alteraram suas concepções de ensino sobre a EF escolar, contudo em níveis distintos. A partir da ideia de gradualidade, constatou-se que não houve um momento único gerador de mudança, ao contrário, vários fatores influenciaram a constituição de novos saberes, sendo os principais: o direito dos alunos aprender a pluralidade de temas da cultura corporal de movimento, a experimentação corporal dos temas estudados e a construção coletiva de uma proposta curricular para a EF em âmbito regional; f) o formato e a condução da formação continuada pelo viés dos estudos colaborativos, considerando as opiniões dos professores e incentivando sua participação ativa, foram fundamentais para as transformações nas formas de compreender a EF escolar.
The Physical Education (PE) at school in Brazil is going through a very delicate moment. Situations such as the decrease in the number of hours for that subject in schools and its low presence in the national curricular planning for high school are indications that society attaches little importance to it in the school environment. Such reality contributes to the fact that even with the increase in the number of teachers working with innovative practices in recent years, the traditional mode – centered on only a few sports modalities – and cases of teacher abandonment are still a majority in Brazilian PE classes. Against that, researchers who assume a propositional position, instead of just criticizing the teachers’ actions in schools, have pointed to continuing education as a possibility of change. However, the format of most formations for PE teachers presents characteristics of reduced workload, few meetings and disregard for the knowledge and teachers’ interests. Based on this diagnosis, it is concluded that public investment in long-term continuing education based on collaborative studies with teachers is essential. Taking this context as a reference, this research focuses on the following question: how can a long-term continuing education process, based on the assumptions of a renewed PE, contribute to change the conception of teacher education in which the right to learn a plurality of body culture of movement themes is central? Specifically, we searched: understanding the concepts and meanings that orient the teachers in the teaching process in the school PE; verifying the occurrence – or not – of change in the teachers’ conceptions in relation to the teaching processes as a result of a continuous formation offered; identifying the factors that make it possible to change the teacher’s education conception; analyzing how the format and the conduction of the continuous formation, in the logic of a collaborative experience, potentiates the process of change of conception. In order to do so, we performed methodologically with the accomplishment of a qualitative approach research, characterized as a documentary research with the use of secondary data as information gathering/acquisition technique. More precisely, the following documents were analyzed: educational materials produced by teachers, notes made by teachers, images, transcripts of teachers' speeches, a questionnaire with open questions, interviews with the participants and notes from an university student who’s accompanied the meetings. All these materials are the 36th Regional Education Coordination of Rio Grande do Sul State property, responsible for a continuous training that had the regular participation of 15 PE teachers in 26 meetings held from November 2015 to August 2018. The analysis of the documents shows that: a) the teachers have previous conceptions, rooted throughout their professional life, that restrain the process of conception change; b) as the sense of EF in school is not clear to teachers, they are not sure about what teaching. Consequently, they choose to approach some sports with which they feel more comfortable; c) teachers are uncomfortable with this form of action since they fail to give students the opportunity to learn about the plurality of themes of movement body culture; d) when they came into contact with unknown subjects, the teachers began to suspect their conceptions and their performances in the classes. As a consequence, a state of anguish emerged that diminished or increased according to what made sense to them; e) all participants in continuing education changed their conceptions of teaching on school PE, however in different levels. From the idea of graduality, it was verified that there was not a unique moment generating change, on the contrary, several factors influenced the constitution of new knowledge, being the main ones: the right of students to learn the plurality of themes of movement body culture, the corporal experimentation of the subjects studied and the collective construction of a curricular proposal for PE at the regional level; f) the format and conduct of continuing education through the collaborative studies bias, considering the teachers' opinions and encouraging their active participation, were fundamental for the transformations in the ways of understanding the school PE.

A presente dissertação insere-se no contexto de um projeto global de pesquisa, em desenvolvimento no GESID-PPGA/EA/UFRGS, com a cooperação de algumas universidades estrangeiras. Tal projeto tem como tema a percepção do processo decisório individual e a influência da cultura nacional e da experiência decisória. Para estudar a inter-relação destes assuntos é preciso, antes de mais nada, elaborar um conjunto de instrumentos que permitam investigar a percepção das pessoas sobre a tomada de decisão. Este é o objetivo principal do presente trabalho, que refere-se à primeira fase desse projeto global: a partir da literatura, e do conhecimento de um grupo de pesquisadores, conceber e desenvolver um conjunto de instrumentos (quantitativos e qualitativos) válidos para estudar a decisão. E ainda estabelecer uma metodologia de aplicação desse instrumental, a qual possa determinar uma seqüência (ordem) e forma de aplicação mais adequada. Para tanto, primeiramente foram definidas as 3 questões de pesquisa, que nortearam o desenvolvimento dos instrumentos de pesquisa, as quais deverão ser investigadas no contexto do projeto global de pesquisa, e que podem ser resumidas da seguinte forma: (1) Independentemente da cultura nacional ou do nível de experiência decisória dos indivíduos é possível identificar fatores comuns (passos, princípios, insights) a respeito da forma como as pessoas percebem o processo decisório individual, especialmente se tomado o modelo de processo decisório da “Racionalidade limitada” de Simon (1947) como padrão de comparação? (2) A cultura atua como fator de diferenciação na percepção do processo decisório individual? (3) A Experiência Decisória (vivência) dos indivíduos influencia a forma como eles percebem o processo decisório individual? A definição destas 3 questões de pesquisa possibilitou a concepção dos instrumentos, nos quais posteriormente foi realizada uma validação de conteúdo (por uma comissão de juízes) e de sua seqüência de aplicação (testando-se diferentes ordens), bem como a verificação da sua fidedignidade (através do Teste-reteste). Com este processo obteve-se os seguintes resultados: (1) projeto global consolidado; (2) conjunto de instrumentos de pesquisa concebido e validado; (3) seqüência de aplicação do instrumental definida e validada; (4) quadro de construtos definido fornecendo subsídios para a definição de um protocolo de análise de dados; (5) concepção de um método para verificação da "contaminação" de instrumentos de pesquisa.
The present dissertation is part of a global project research that is been developed by GESID-PPGA/EA/UFRGS, in association with some foreing universities. The theme of that project is the perception of the individual decison-making process and the influence of the national culture and the decision experience. To study the interconection of this subjects it is necessary, firstly, to elaborate an instrument allowing to investigate the individual perception referring to the decision-making. That is the main purpose of the present work, that covers the first phase of this global project: based on the literature and researche group knowledge it aims at conceiving and developing an instrument set (quantitative and qualitative) in order to study the decision. It also aims at establishing an application methodology of these instruments, that can determine a sequence (order) and appropriate form of the application. For that, firstly it was defined 3 research questions, that guide the development of the research instrument, which must be investigated in the context of the global research project. They can be summarized like that: (1) independently of the national culture or the individual decision's experience level is it possible to identify common factors (steps, principles, insights) about the way how people perceive the individual decision process, especially in situations when it is followed the "bounded rationality", by Simon, (1947) as a comparation model? (2) Does the culture act like a differentiation factor inside the individual decison-making process? (3) Does the individual decision's experience influence the way how they perceive the individual decison-making? The definition of this 3 research questions allow the conception of the instruments, in which afterwards was accomplished a content validation (by a judges' commission) and their application (testing differents orders), as well as the verification of their reability (by test-retest). With this process the follow results were reached: (1) the global project consolidated; (2) a research instrument set conceived and validated; (3) the application sequence of the instruments defined and validated; (4) construct board defined giving subvention to the definition of a data analysis protocol; (5) conception of a methodology to verify the research instrument "contamination".

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T22:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o completa - cd.pdf: 8832700 bytes, checksum: 901441b40563e7d6f7e81dc8087e6e40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-01
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Abstract: Written records represent human thought and language, and from them it is possible to unravel the way of life of a society in a given period. Therefore, documentary collections are an invaluable source of philological-linguistic research. In this sense, we selected as corpus of this dissertation the crime of robbery followed by rape of Maria Francisca de Jesus and Maria dos Santos. It is a manuscript document with 56 folios, mostly written in the straight and verse, drafted in 1914, which is under the guardian of the Documentation and Research Center (CEDOC), located at the State University of Feira de Santana-BA. Thus, we undertake two main objectives: the first one, referring to the philological character, is about the fac-similar and semidiplomatic editions of the corpus, highlighting some paleographic and codicological aspects of the document. The second main objective, from the semidiplomatic edition, the lexical study based on Eug?nio Coseriu's Methodology of Lexical Fields (1977), evidencing the vocabulary of crime contained in the corpus, from which fifty-one lexias were selected. We highlight the use of the AntConc computational tool (ANTHONY, 2016) for the investigation of lexias referring to the field of crime, as well as contexts of occurrences. As a theoretical basis, in the philological area, we use authors such as Spina (1977 and 1994), Cambraia (2005), Spaggiari and Perugi (2004), among other references; in the lexicological area, in turn, we had as theoretical foundation Eugenio Coseriu ([1977] 1991 and 1987), Abbade (2006 and 2011), Mario Vilela (1994), Biderman (1981 and 1998), among others. We emphasize that we also discuss some socio-historical aspects related to violence in the city of Feira de Santana, according to the period that places the corpus. Concerning to the violence in the city of Feira de Santana, we use as references Poppino (1968), Oliveira (2000) and some newspaper clippings from Folha do Norte (1909-1913). Therefore, in making the facultative and semidiplomatic editions of the crime of robbery and rape, from the beginning of the twentieth century, we contributed to the non-deterioration of the document, facilitating the reading of it by future researchers from different areas. This study stamped through its lexical estate, daily historical, social, political and cultural configurations of local communities of the city of Feira de Santana-BA
Os registros escritos representam o pensamento e a linguagem humana, e a partir deles ? poss?vel desvendar o modo de vida de uma sociedade, em um determinado per?odo. E, assim sendo, os acervos documentais se constituem como fontes inestim?veis de investiga??es filol?gico-lingu?sticas. Neste sentido, selecionamos como corpus desta disserta??o o processo crime de roubo seguido de estupro de Maria Francisca de Jesus e Maria dos Santos, documento manuscrito com 56 f?lios, em sua maioria escritos no recto e verso, lavrado em 1914, o qual est? sob a guarda do Centro de Documenta??o e Pesquisa (CEDOC), localizado na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana ? BA. Assim, empreendemos dois objetivos principais: o primeiro, referente ao cunho filol?gico, pauta-se nas edi??es fac-similar e semidiplom?tica do corpus, destacando alguns aspectos paleogr?ficos e codicol?gicos do documento; e o segundo, a partir da edi??o semidiplom?tica, o estudo do l?xico com base na Metodologia dos Campos Lexicais de Eug?nio Coseriu (1977), evidenciando o vocabul?rio do crime contido no corpus, do qual foram selecionadas cinquenta e uma lexias. Destacamos o uso da ferramenta computacional AntConc (ANTHONY, 2016) para o levantamento das lexias referentes ao campo do crime, bem como dos contextos das ocorr?ncias. Como embasamento te?rico, na ?rea filol?gica, utilizamos estudiosos como Spina (1977 e 1994), Cambraia (2005), Spaggiari e Perugi (2004), entre outras refer?ncias; na ?rea lexicol?gica, por sua vez, tivemos como fundamenta??o te?rica Eugenio Coseriu ([1977] 1991 e 1987), Abbade (2006 e 2011), Mario Vilela (1994), Biderman (1981 e 1998), dentre outros. Ressaltamos que tamb?m discutimos, neste trabalho, alguns aspectos s?cio-hist?ricos, relacionados ? viol?ncia na cidade de Feira de Santana, de acordo com a ?poca em que o corpus se insere. No que concerne ? viol?ncia na cidade de Feira de Santana, utilizamos como refer?ncias Poppino (1968), Oliveira (2000) e alguns recortes de not?cias do Jornal Folha do Norte (1909-1913). Portanto, ao realizarmos as edi??es fac-similar e semidiplom?tica do processo crime de roubo e estupro, do in?cio do s?culo XX, contribu?mos para a n?o-deteriora??o do documento, facilitando a leitura do mesmo por pesquisadores futuros de ?reas diversas, al?m de ter estampado, atrav?s do seu esp?lio lexical, configura??es de cotidianos hist?ricos, sociais, pol?ticos e culturais de comunidades locais da cidade de Feira de Santana ? BA

Esta pesquisa parte da leitura de uma cobertura jornalística e desvenda o processo de produção das notícias e as condições de sua veiculação, com mediações dos estudos de jornalismo, estudos de direito e dos estudos de gênero. Iniciamos com a análise empírica do conteúdo jornalístico produzido pelo jornal Folha de S.Paulo entre janeiro de 2009 e maio de 2015, sobre os acontecimentos relacionados à investigação, ao julgamento, à fuga e à prisão de Roger Abdelmassih, especialista em reprodução humana assistida condenado a 278 anos de prisão por cometer crimes contra a dignidade sexual de 37 pacientes. O processo de leitura colocou-nos interrogações sobre a cobertura jornalística. Em busca de respostas, entrevistamos jornalistas e profissionais do direito envolvidos no caso e constatamos diferenças e relações de interdependência no trabalho deles, que condicionam os acontecimentos em 1) fatos jurídicos culminados em processos de caráter privado na Justiça e 2) em fatos jornalísticos culminados em informações traduzidas em textos publicáveis na imprensa, conforme demonstramos no Capítulo 2 desta dissertação. Estudos de jornalismo apontam as limitações do fazer jornalístico e sua inserção na vida cotidiana e o processo de repetição do senso comum que pode ser desafiado em condições especiais (MORETZSHON, 2007). Mas pesquisa da feminista (SEGATO, 2003) destaca a importância da informação veiculada pela imprensa para a defesa dos direitos das mulheres. Estudos de gênero rastreiam a construção dos estereótipos de gênero e a ordem patriarcal de gênero que embasam valores morais a partir dos quais são forjados os estigmas e preconceitos que atingem as vítimas de estupro (SAFFIOTI, 2015). Na análise de conteúdo do jornal Folha de S.Paulo, constamos uso de termos inadequados para nominar vítimas e agressor, erros jurídicos e julgamentos morais impertinentes ao caso. Essas visões dominantes e equivocadas sobre as vítimas de estupro precisam ser desconstruídas por outro modo de fazer jornalismo. Esta pesquisa nos mostrou que, ao descolar-se dos fatos jurídicos, a cobertura jornalística confinou no universo privado a violência sexual. Deixando de tratá-la como questão de saúde pública, não promoveu a divulgação de informações que poderiam contribuir para a construção da cidadania das mulheres.
This research stems from the reading of a news story coverage and unveils the production process of news stories and their dissemination, negotiated by media, law, and gender studies. We begin with the empirical analysis of the journalistic content produced by Folha de São Paulo between January 2009 and May 2015 about the incidents involving the investigation, trial, escape and arrest of Roger Abdelmassih - specialist in assisted human reproduction condemned to 278 years of prison for committing crimes against the sexual dignity of 37 patients. The process of reading posed questions about the news coverage. In search for answers, we interviews journalists and lawyers involved in the case and found differences and relations of interdependence in their work, which condition the events in 1) legal facts culminating in private processes in the legal system and 2) in journalistic facts culminating in information translated into publishable texts in the press, as demonstrated in the 2nd chapter of this dissertation. Media studies point the limitations of journalistic procedures and its insertion in the daily lives and the repetition process of commen sense that may be challenged in special conditions (MORETZSHON, 2007). But feminist research (SEGATO, 2003) highlights the importance of the information circulated by the media to defend women\'s rights. Gender studies trace the construction of gender stereotypes and the patriarchal gender order that ground the moral values on which the stigma and prejudice that affect rape victims is forged (SAFFIOTI, 2015). In the content analysis of Folha de São Paulo we found the use of inadequate terms to name the victims and the aggressor, legal errors, and unconnected value judgments about the case. These dominant and erroneous views about rape victims must be deconstructed by a different type of journalistic procedure. This research demonstrates that in disconnecting from legal facts, the news coverage confined sexual violence to a private realm. By not treating it as a matter of public health, it did not promote the circulation of useful information that would help the women\'s rights cause.