Tesis sobre el tema "Erosion mapping"
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Weikmann, Amanda Maria. "Urban Erosion Potential Risk Mapping with GIS". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81879.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Wilson, Kenneth T. "Shoreface mapping and sand resource inventory North Topsail Beach and Surf City, North Carolina /". View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-1/willsonk/kennethwillson.pdf.
Texto completoAbdulrahman, Ghaith H. "Erosion-corrosion mapping of carbon steel in oil/water slurries". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16792.
Texto completoChappell, Adrian. "Geostatistical mapping and ordination analyses of '1'3'7CS-derived net soil flux in south-west Niger". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327548.
Texto completoBloedel, Penny M. "Characterizing and mapping sediment erodibility of Tuttle Creek Lake in northeast Kansas". Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32715.
Texto completoGeography
Charles W. Martin
Tuttle Creek Dam was built in 1962 after near-record flooding in the Kansas River watershed. It has been in operation for over 50 years. In that time, nearly half of its storage capacity has been filled by sediment, reducing its ability to serve its intended purpose under current operations. The Corps of Engineers authorized a study to examine the sediment in Tuttle Creek Lake and determine management strategies to extend its lifespan. This report examines the erodibility of the sediment as a function of depth and distance to dam. Eight sediment cores were tested and analyzed for two erodibility parameters, critical shear stress and erodibility coefficient. After directly comparing these parameters it was determined that Tuttle Creek Lake sediment ranges from erodible to very erodible regardless of depth or location. Analyzing for locational and depth patterns in erodibility coefficients indicated that both influence the erodibility of sediment, with depth being the stronger factor. These results indicate that locations further upstream from the dam and greater depths are the least erodible. Sedimentation patterns were mapped onto a three dimensional model in ArcMap. It is hoped that this research will assist Corps of Engineers leadership in deciding which management practices to pursue for Tuttle Creek Lake.
Pinheiro, Marcos Roberto. "Técnicas cartográficas e aerotogramétricas no estudo da erosão: alta bacia do Ribeirão Araguá - São Pedro e Charqueada / SP". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-05022010-135011/.
Texto completoThis study aimed to make an inventory of the forms of linear erosion in the high basin of the river Araquá, municipality of San Pedro and Charqueada / SP, based on cartographic and aerophotogrametric techniques in analog and digital environment. The survey was conducted in 2 different scales of approach: 1:50.000 (semi-detailed) and 1:15.000 (detailed). In the semi-detailed scale, it was produced a hypsometric chart, a slope chart and a morphological map, where the forms of linear erosion were represented. These products, with the informations about soils, lithology and land use, led to the morphopedologic map. Based on this map, was choose the sub-basin of the Querosene stream for the study on detailed scale. In the sub-basin of the Querosene stream were produced hypsometric and slope charts, morphologic, soils, land use and linear erosion maps. The survey of land use and linear erosion was based on photographs of 4 different periods, 1962 (1:25.000), 1978 (1:35.000), 1995 (1:25.000) and 2006 (1:30.000). This diagnosis made possible to create a susceptibility erosion chart and to correlate forms of linear erosion with the characteristics of the physical environment as well as assessments of the temporal evolution of the erosion. The results showed that the area affected by furrows decreased 38,18% from 1962 until 2009. In contrast, the areas with grazing tracks made by cows increased 137%. In the same period, the number of ravines increased 87,5% and gullies about 300%. The data also showed that the ravines and gullies are preferably in hollow forms, >10% slopes, mainly in areas of very sandy, deep, homogeneous and permeable soils, which are covered by grassland or ciliary vegetation. The techniques of digital aerophotogrametric interpretation and restitution showed far superior to analog, but the digital process is slowest than the analog. The digital techniques allowed the correction of most of the geometric distortions of the photos, facilitating, thus, the measures of ravines and gullies.
Millward, Andrew A. "Mapping and modelling soil erosion potential in the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve, México". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35914.pdf.
Texto completoMengler, Faron. "Gully erosion on rehabilitated bauxite mines". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0176.
Texto completoBrazier, Richard Edward. "An investigation into a GIS based approach for modelling hillslope soil erosion in England and Wales". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369661.
Texto completoGoldsmith, Kevin. "Artificial intelligence techniques for soil erosion mapping and risk assessment in Almeria Province, Southeast Spain". Thesis, Kingston University, 2005. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20367/.
Texto completoOkalp, Kivanc. "Soil Erosion Risk Mapping Using Geographic Information Systems: A Case Study On Kocadere Creek Watershed, Izmir". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606783/index.pdf.
Texto completobefore these actions we must learn properties and behaviors of our soil resources. The aims of this study are to estimate annual soil loss rates of a watershed with integrated models within GIS framework and to map the soil erosion risk for a complex terrain. In this study, annual soil loss rates are estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) that has been used for five decades all over the world. The main problem in estimating the soil loss rate is determining suitable slope length parameters of USLE for complex terrains in grid based approaches. Different algorithms are evaluated for calculating slope length parameters of the study area namely Kocadere Creek Watershed, which can be considered as a complex terrain. Hickey&
#8217
s algorithm gives more reliable topographic factor values than Mitasova&
#8217
s and Moore&
#8217
s. Satellite image driven cover and management parameter (C) determination is performed by scaling NDVI values to approximate C values by using European Soil Bureau&
#8217
s formula. After the estimation of annual soil loss rates, watershed is mapped into three different erosion risk classes (low, moderate, high) by using two different classification approaches: boolean and fuzzy classifications. Fuzzy classifications are based on (I) only topographic factor and, (II) both topographic and C factors of USLE. By comparing three different classified risk maps, it is found that! in the study area topography dominates erosion process on bare soils and areas having sparse vegetation.
Lantuit, Hugues. "Mapping permafrost and ground-ice related coastal erosion on Herschel Island, southern Beaufort Sea, Yukon Territory, Canada". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82270.
Texto completoThe availability of airborne and spaceborne imagery in the arctic over the last fifty years has made possible the temporal analysis of permafrost and ground ice-related erosion. The objectives of this thesis are (1) the creation of a large scale database for horizontal coastal retreat on Herschel Island for the 1952-2000 timespan, (2) the investigation of retrogressive thaw slump activity over the same period and its relation to coastal erosion, and (3) the elaboration of stereophotogrammetric techniques to investigate retrogressive thaw slump activity volumetrically. Herschel Island, located on the northern coast of the Yukon Territory, was chosen as the study site for this research, because of the widespread presence of retrogressive thaw slumps and the lack of data for coastal erosion during the last fifty years.
Photogrammetric tools were used to create orthorectified and stereo-images of the Island for the years 1952, 1970, 2000 and 2004 from airphoto archives and Ikonos (1 m resolution) imagery. Coastal erosion was found to be stable or declining on Herschel Island except in the vicinity of retrogressive thaw slumps. In addition, retrogressive thaw slumps were identified on the imagery and observed to have increased in frequency for the 1952-2000 period.
Stereophotogrammetric analysis of two retrogressive thaw slumps showed that eroded sediment volumes from these landforms are considerable and should be included in future assessments of sediment release from arctic coasts to the oceanic shelves.
Currie, Robert E. "The use of remote sensing and geographic information systems for soil erosion hazard mapping in Chiapas, Mexico". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0021/MQ45846.pdf.
Texto completoSimó, Josa Iolanda. "The european framework for soil sustainability: mapping soil quality in model areas in Catalonia". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385616.
Texto completoLa degradació dels sòls es defineix com la disminució de la seva qualitat causada per un mal ús per part de l’espècie humana, o bé per causes generals. Així doncs, la pèrdua de funcionalitat del sòl està lligada a la disminució de la seva qualitat. En aquesta tesi s’ha estudiat el comportament d’indicadors de qualitat del sòl escollits sota un marc polític de la Unió Europea (COM(2002)). En concret, s’han estudiat indicadors relacionats amb tres amenaces/qualitat del sòl, contingut de matèria orgànica, grau de desertificació de les terres i estat de salinitat dels sòls, amb l’objectiu de validar la seva funcionalitat per qualificar el sòl. Els estudis s’han portat a terme en dues àrees ben diferenciades de Catalunya, al marge esquerra del Delta de l’Ebre i a una zona concreta del municipi de Canalda-Odén (Solsona) a la Catalunya central. Els mètodes seleccionats han mostrat donar bons resultats en la determinació de la qualitat del sòl, sent ben seleccionats com indicadors de qualitat del sòl. L’ús de l’electromagnètic sensor proporciona bona informació per a l’estudi de la variabilitat de la salinitat del sòl. La distribució carboni orgànic del sòl és important calcular-lo per veure com canvia tan en l'espai com en profunditat. Els models MEDALUS i RUSLE han mostrat avalar l'abast, la intensitat i la gravetat dels processos de desertificació a la zona d’estudi.
La degradación de los suelos se define como la disminución de su calidad del suelo causada por un mal uso por parte de la especie humana, o bien por causas generales. Así pues, la pérdida de la funcionalidad del suelo está ligada a la disminución de calidad de éste. En la presente tesis se ha estudiado el comportamiento de indicadores de calidad del suelo escogidos bajo un marco político de la Unión Europea (COM(2002)). En concreto, se han estudiado indicadores relacionados con tres amenazas del suelo, contenido de materia orgánica, grado de desertificación de las tierras y estado de salinidad de los suelos, con el objetivo de validar su funcionalidad para cualificar el suelo. Los estudios se han realizado en 2 áreas bien diferenciadas de Catalunya, en el margen izquierdo del Delta del Ebro y una zona concreta del municipio de Canalda-Odén (Solsona) en la Catalunya central. Los métodos seleccionados han mostrado dar buenos resultados en la determinación de la calidad del suelo, siendo bien seleccionados como indicadores de calidad del suelo. El uso del sensor electromagnético proporciona buena información para el estudio de la variabilidad de la salinidad del suelo. La distribución carbono orgánico del suelo es importante calcularlo para ver cómo cambia tanto en el espacio como en profundidad. Los modelos MEDALUS y RUSLE han mostrado avalar el alcance, la intensidad y la gravedad de los procesos de desertificación en la zona de estudio.
Magri, Rômulo Amaral Faustino. "Análise da suscetibilidade à erosão da região do Médio Rio Grande (MG)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-28082013-091459/.
Texto completoThis study aimed to analyze the susceptibility to linear erosion of the region of the Middle Rio Grande (Minas Gerais - Brazil) that covers an area of 9794.12 km², through interpretive cartographic documents. Using geoprocessing techniques and remote sensing associated with field surveys and laboratory tests, the following cartographic documents were produced: Chart of Slope, Landforms Map, Map of Unconsolidated Material and Inventory of Erosive Features. The final product of this work is the Chart of Erosion Susceptibility in scale 1:100,000. It was prepared using information relating to the bedrock, forms of terrain, unconsolidated materials and slope. Each cartographic document used was analyzed individually in order to observe the potential of each of its internal attributes (or classes) to develop erosive processes, thus were assigned weights using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The Chart of Erosion Susceptibility obtained could well portray the susceptibility of the area because analyzing a total of 78 large erosion processes (gully erosion) identified in the inventory, about 80% are located in the classes of high and very high susceptibility to erosion. Therefore, this Chart indicates which areas in which to have a tighter control of the use and occupation of land to prevent large erosion triggering, ie assists in environmental planning and defining actions to be taken.
Perkovic, Martin. "Mapping and characterisation of surface damage and wear mechanisms in gun barrels : Gun barrels exposed to cyclic thermo-mechanical loading". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-79026.
Texto completoGuerra, Carlos António. "A spatially explicit framework to assess soil erosion prevention vulnerability: contributions for ecosystem service mapping and management in mediterranean land use systems". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16432.
Texto completoGuimarães, Crisley do Nascimento. "Mapeamento geotécnico da bacia córrego da Barra, aplicação do penetrômetro de impacto em estudos de processos erosivos São Pedro - SP - escala 1:10.000". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-23042008-093414/.
Texto completoAn engineering geological mapping was carried out in the basin of stream Barra, located in the São Pedro municipality in the state of São Paulo-Brasil. The area of 56,5 \'KM POT.2\' were mapped based on information of previous works, photointerpretation, and field works. The following cartographic documents were performed in 1:10.000 scale: rock substratum, unconsolidated materials, slope and inventory of erosive features. The penetrometer for soil (IAA/Planalsucar-Stolf) was utilized to determine the penetration resistance of the soil from 10 to 60 cm of depth. Soon afterwards the results of penetration resistance, soil type, use and occupation were correlated to establish the main factors in the erosion process.
Van, Jaarsveld Francis. "Characterising and mapping of wind transported sediment associated with opencast gypsum mining". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2352.
Texto completoThis study aims to provide a practical tool for the prediction and management of dust generated by the activities of an opencast mining operation. The study was conducted on opencast gypsum mines in the semi-arid environment of the Bushmanland, 90 km north of Loeriesfontein in the Northern Cape Province from April 2000 to October 2007. The vertical and horizontal components of wind transported sediment were sampled and a dust settling model was designed to predict the settling pattern of dust generated by opencast mining operations. The model was applied to soil samples collected from an area surrounding a mine. The influence sphere of the mining operation was predicted by the application of the model and then mapped. Once the influence sphere is mapped, the dust influence can be managed with the aid of an onsite weather station. By further applying the predictions based on climatic data, the influence sphere can be modelled. The model is not only applicable to the planning phase of an opencast mine to plan the position of dust sensitive areas like the living quarters, office buildings and workshops etc., but also to indicate the historical impact that a mining operation had once a quarry on an active mine is worked out and rehabilitated or a mine is closed. The model application can also aid with the explanation and visual or graphic representation of the predicted impact of planned mining operations on communities or neighbouring activities to them and thus avoid later penalties.
Brinkerhoff, Alonzo R. "Mapping Middle Paleozoic Erosional and Karstic Patterns with 3-D Seismic Attributes and Well Data in the Arkoma Basin, Oklahoma". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/907.
Texto completoLima, Eduardo Queiroz de. "Vulnerabilidade ambiental da zona costeira de Pititinga, Rio do Fogo, Rio Grande do Norte". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18807.
Texto completoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
This work presents a study on the environmental vulnerability of the coastal region of Pititinga, Rio do Fogo/RN. The coastal erosion of Pititinga beach was analyzed and considerated as one more process that produces environmental vulnerability in the area of study, taking into account its human and natural environment and establishing the relation between them, to understand the arrangement that produced its spatial configuration. The natural environment was expressed by thematics maps with geology, geomorphology, vegetation and soil themes, while the human environment was expressed by the use and occupation of the soil map. The coastal erosion was put in an erosion vulnerability map. The methodological procedure to generate the thematics maps, vulnerability maps and of the erosion coastal involved the bibliographic research, field visits with check-list form fill, collect and analysis of sediment sample, photo-interpretation techniques, integration of the information in a database, data store and spatial analysis in a Geographic Information System (GIS) ambient. The natural vulnerability map shows a predominancy of environments with low (29,6%) or medium (42,4%) vulnerability, pointed the frontal and mobile dune as the areas with the highest vulnerability. The environmental vulnerability map, presents a predominancy of environments with low vulnerability (53,8%), with the high vulnerability concentrated on Pititinga community. The coastal erosion vulnerability presented distinct behaviors on three sections among the coastal line according each one characteristics. Where there are frontal and transgressive dunes, vulnerability are, generally, medium or low, respectively, and in the absence of them, as what occurs in Pititinga community, the vulnerability is predominately very high
Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a Vulnerabilidade Ambiental da regi?o costeira de Pititinga, Rio do Fogo/RN. A eros?o costeira da praia de Pititinga foi analisada e considerada como mais um processo que gera vulnerabilidade ambiental na ?rea de estudo, considerando seu meio natural e humano e estabelecendo a rela??o entre eles, para compreender os arranjos que produziram a sua configura??o espacial. O meio natural foi expresso por meio de mapas tem?ticos envolvendo os temas geologia, geomorfologia, vegeta??o e pedologia, enquanto que o meio antr?pico foi expresso pelo mapa de uso e ocupa??o do solo. A eros?o costeira foi cartografada em um mapa de vulnerabilidade ? eros?o. O procedimento metodol?gico para gerar os mapas tem?ticos, os mapas de vulnerabilidade natural e ambiental e da eros?o costeira envolveu o levantamento bibliogr?fico, visitas a campo com preenchimento de check-list, coleta e an?lise de amostras de sedimentos, t?cnicas de fotointerpreta??o, integra??o das informa??es em uma base de dados e armazenamento e an?lise espacial em um ambiente de Sistema de Informa??es Geogr?ficas (SIG). O mapa de vulnerabilidade natural apontou para um predom?nio de ambientes com vulnerabilidade baixa (29,6%) e m?dia (42,4%), destacando as dunas frontais e m?veis com as ?reas de maior vulnerabilidade. J? o mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental, apresenta um predom?nio de ambientes com vulnerabilidade baixa (53,8%), estando a vulnerabilidade alta concentrada sobre a vila de Pititinga. A vulnerabilidade ? eros?o costeira apresentou comportamentos distintos em tr?s trechos ao longo da linha de costa de acordo com as caracter?sticas de cada um. Quando ocorrem dunas frontais e transgressivas as susceptibilidades s?o, em geral, m?dia e baixa, respectivamente, e quando da aus?ncia destas, como ocorre vila de Pititinga, a vulnerabilidade ? predominantemente muito alta
Miranda, Jocy Gonçalo de. "Mapeamento geotécnico e estudo da susceptibilidade à erosão na bacia do Ribeirão Ponte de Pedra (MT), escala 1:100.000". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-21062006-162918/.
Texto completoThis paper involves the study of the cerrado soils, a savannah-like formation found in Brazil, at the Western border of the Brazilian Central Plain, based on its use and occupation and the impacts thereof on the environment, in the Water Basin of Ribeirão Ponte de Pedra, which drains the municipalities of Rondonópolis, Pedra Preta and Itiquira, in the South of the State of Mato Grosso, in the Center-West region of Brazil. The purpose of this paper was to identify the physical characteristics through geotechnical mapping, such as, the rock substrate, landforms, unconsolidated materials, topography, the drainage network and other anthropic features that influence changes in the environmental characteristics of this important ecosystem, rich in biodiversity, based on the methodology proposed by Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos (USP) and on the Land Evaluation Technique, by means of various geoprocessing models, to produce maps and charts, to subsidize the study, evaluation and examination of the susceptibility levels of the soils to erosion
Fushimi, Melina [UNESP]. "Vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares de parte dos municípios de Marabá Paulista-SP e Presidente Epitácio-SP". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139565.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
No atual momento histórico, diante das transformações aceleradas das paisagens, em que as dinâmicas da sociedade se interpenetram e, muitas vezes, se sobressaem às dinâmicas da natureza, a questão ambiental assume importância em vários campos do conhecimento, sobretudo, na Geografia. Em meio aos diversos trabalhos desenvolvidos no âmbito geográfico e ambiental, tem-se a erosão como um dos assuntos mais enfatizados. Neste contexto, o objetivo geral da tese foi analisar os principais elementos que influenciam na vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares (sulcos, ravinas e voçorocas) de parte dos municípios de Marabá Paulista-SP e Presidente Epitácio-SP. Sob a perspectiva teórico-metodológica do pensamento da complexidade, foram caracterizados os aspectos do relevo, declividade, solos, substrato rochoso, cobertura vegetal, curvatura da superfície e uso da terra, além da elaboração de documentos cartográficos em ambiente de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, em especial, o mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares. Em virtude das possibilidades de integração dos dados e atribuição de pesos, o referido mapa foi realizado a partir da lógica fuzzy, especificamente, da Técnica do Processo Analítico Hierárquico (AHP), a qual proporcionou o mapeamento de maneira classificada: baixa (0.32%), média (65.15%), alta (34.45%) e muito alta vulnerabilidade (0.08%). A baixa vulnerabilidade está elencada às matas ciliares remanescentes. A média vulnerabilidade se localiza nos topos das colinas com declividades inferiores a 5%. O uso da terra predominante é a pastagem e os solos são, em sua maioria, desenvolvidos e arenosos. A alta vulnerabilidade está, principalmente, nas vertentes convexas e retilíneas, em que as inclinações podem alcançar 15%. A pastagem prevalece, todavia, verificou-se a expansão do cultivo de cana de açúcar e do solo exposto para seu consecutivo plantio. A muito alta vulnerabilidade apresenta-se nas vertentes côncavas, cuja curvatura favorece a convergência das águas pluviais e, portanto, o fluxo linear. Tal evento se intensifica perante às declividades acentuadas – superiores a 20% para a região. Combinado a estes atributos, sobre solos rasos tem-se o pastoreio intensivo do gado, o qual acelera a compactação do solo e acarreta a erosão, sendo uma das formas de degradação mais recorrente no Extremo Oeste Paulista. Assim, o presente estudo pode contribuir no sentido de orientar a implantação de medidas preventivas e corretivas de controle à erosão por intermédio do planejamento ambiental.
In the current historical moment, given the accelerated changes in landscapes, in which the dynamics of society interpenetrate and, often, exceed the dynamics of nature, the environmental issue assumes importance in several fields of knowledge, especially, Geography. Among the diverse assignments developed in geographical and environmental contexts, erosion is one of the most commonly emphasized subjects. Therefore, this thesis aimed to analyze the main elements that influence environmental vulnerability to linear erosive processes (rills, ravines and gullies) in parts of Marabá Paulista-SP and Presidente Epitácio-SP. From the theoretical-methodological perspective of thought complexity, the relief, slope plans, soils, bedrocks, vegetation, surface curvature and land use aspects were characterized, in addition to the elaboration of cartographic documents using the Geographic Information System, in particular, the map of environmental vulnerability to linear erosive processes. Due to the possibilities of integrating data and assigning weights, the map was performed based on fuzzy sets, specifically, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which provided classified mapping: low (0.32%), medium (65.15%), high (34.45%) and very high vulnerability (0.08%). The low vulnerability is identified in the reminiscent cilliary forests. The medium vulnerability is located on the hilltops with slopes of less than 5%. The land use is predominantly for pasture and soils are for the most part developed and sandy. The high vulnerability is primarily the convex and rectilinear aspects, where the slopes can reach 15%. On the prevailing pasture, however, the expansion of the sugar cane crop was found and soil exposed to its successive planting. The very high vulnerability is present in the concave slopes, whose curvature favors the convergence of rainwater and thus, linear flow. This event is intensified towards the steep slopes – more than 20% of the region. Combined with these attributes, on shallow soils there is intensive grazing of livestock, which accelerates soil compaction and leads to erosion, one of the most recurrent means of degradation in the Far West of São Paulo. Thus, the present study may contribute to guiding the management of preventive and corrective measures to control erosion through environmental planning.
Silveira, Leonardo Luiz Lyrio da. "Elaboração de carta de susceptibilidade à erosão das bacias dos rios Araraquara e Cubatão-SP, escala 1:50.000". Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-23032007-103205/.
Texto completoIn this present work many environmental attributes were identified, in order to create a soil erosion susceptibility chart (1:50.000 scale) for the Cubatão and Araraquara hydrographic basin, which in turn, are part of the greater Pardo river basin. These attributes were bedrock classification, unconsolidated materials, slope and land use. The soil erosion susceptibility chart was meant to help the land use management of that particular region by identifying areas with different soil erosion vulnerability. This study was leaded following conceptual and methodological bases from the traditional engineering geological mapping approach. Geographical information system (GIS) were applied to analyze satellite images for a specific utilization, as well as for dealing with the environmental data, obtained along all the work stages. It was intended also to provide a better understanding of the property called erodibility and to identify which of the unconsolidated material attributes really contributes to its erosion.
Slimi, Ahmed. "Mouvements de terrain et ravinements dans le bassin supérieur de l’Oued Djemaa (versant sud du Djurdjura, Algérie)". Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0066.
Texto completoThe upper basin of the oued Djemaa which includes to the mountain of Djurdjura is affected by an important morphogenesis. The ground movements introduces a large variety in the study area and play a preponderant role in the evolution of mountainsides. The geomorphology detailed study an investigation into the local populations, geotechtonic and analyses it sedimentology of displaced trainings allows us to do ground typology movement and to chow theire development factors and their location. The big rainfalls of winter and sprinter are the origin of these ground movements and gully erosions, but exposition and lithology allow to understand different forms on northern and southern slope. Human activities play more and more an important role in morphogenesis acceleration. In this study, a geographical information system has been used to provide degradation maps of risks of which are tools for planning and management of soil using in the upper basin of the oued Djemaa. He allows to cross vulnerability witch vagary. The result of these crossroads which we codified results in a total map of risk levels
Pi?rri, Guilherme Cherem Schwarz. "An?lise de risco ? eros?o costeira na regi?o de Tibau do Sul/RN atrav?s de mapeamento geoambiental e an?lise morfodin?mica". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18739.
Texto completoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
The research area is located on the county of Tibau do Sul, in the east coast of Rio Grande do Norte State, about 80km south of the capital Natal. The tourism represents the main income activity and Pipa beach is the most visited beach in the city, annually receives a large influx of domestic and foreign tourists. Some recent studies have reported the occurrence of coastal erosion in this littoral, being the main objective of the research, analyze the existing coastal erosion, through two methodologies, the geoenvironmental mapping and beach morphodynamics. The geoenvironmental mapping was done from oblique aerial photographs and field visits, which sought to carry out first the geomorphological mapping, with the purpose of analyzing features that suggest susceptible areas to erosion, as areas without protection of natural dunes, marine terraces, or sandstones (beach-rocks and ferruginous sandstones), areas with the presence of gullies and stretches where the sea-cliffs were in direct contact with the action of the sea, representing the beginning of the beach profile. In the morphodynamic study sought to carry out the survey of the physical and morphological characteristics, the analysis of sediment grain of the beaches and finally the analysis of the morphodynamic parameters to generate a table of risk to erosion by sector of the beach. The morphodynamic parameters were defined by the methodology proposed by Short (2006), in which considers different patterns of dynamism on beaches with characteristics favorable and unfavorable to erosive profiles. The maps indicated different levels of risk to the segments of the beaches analyzed, suggesting risk to erosion low and low to moderate only in areas north and northwest of the beaches of Madeiro and Curral, and levels of moderate and high risk sectors in the south and southeast of these beaches . The beach of Pipa showed moderate levels of risk and moderate to high at the ends and high risk to erosion in the central portion. The study of the coastal environment, its morphological evolution, and areas with problems of erosion, are of fundamental importance to assist coastal management policies, giving grants for planning activities undertaken in these regions
A ?rea da pesquisa localiza-se no munic?pio de Tibau do Sul, situado na costa leste do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, cerca de 80 km a sul da capital Natal. O turismo representa a principal atividade geradora de renda e a praia de Pipa, a mais conhecida do munic?pio, recebe anualmente um grande fluxo de turistas nacionais e estrangeiros. Alguns estudos recentes relatam a ocorr?ncia de eros?o costeira em pontos desta regi?o litor?nea, sendo o objetivo principal da pesquisa, analisar a eros?o costeira existente, atrav?s de duas metodologias, o mapeamento geoambiental e a morfodin?mica praial. O mapeamento geoambiental foi realizado a partir de fotografias a?reas obl?quas e visitas a campo, onde buscou-se realizar primeiramente o mapeamento geomorfol?gico, com o objetivo de analisar fei??es que sugerem ?reas suscept?veis ? eros?o, como zonas sem prote??o natural de dunas, terra?os marinhos, ou arenitos (de praia e ferruginosos), ?reas com presen?a de ravinamentos e trechos onde as fal?sias encontravam-se vivas, ou seja, representando o in?cio do perfil praial, em contato direto com a a??o do mar. No estudo morfodin?mico buscou-se realizar o levantamento das caracter?sticas f?sicas e morfol?gicas, a an?lise granulom?trica dos sedimentos das praias e por fim a an?lise dos par?metros morfodin?micos para gerar uma tabela de risco ? eros?o por setor praial. Os par?metros morfodin?micos foram definidos atrav?s da metodologia proposta por Short (2006), em que considera diferentes padr?es de dinamismo em praias com caracter?sticas favor?veis e desfavor?veis a perfis erosivos. Os mapas indicaram diferentes n?veis de risco para os segmentos das praias analisadas, sugerindo risco ? eros?o baixo e baixo a moderado apenas nos setores norte e noroeste das praias do Madeiro e Curral, e n?veis de risco moderado a alto nos setores sul e sudeste destas praias. A praia de Pipa apresentou n?veis de risco moderado e moderado a alto nas extremidades e alto risco ? eros?o na por??o central. O estudo do ambiente costeiro, de sua evolu??o morfol?gica, e de ?reas com problemas de eros?o ? de fundamental import?ncia para auxiliar pol?ticas de gerenciamento costeiro, dando subs?dios para o planejamento das atividades desenvolvidas nestas regi?es
Cabezas, Rabadán Carlos. "Beach Morphology and its Dynamism from Remote Sensing for Coastal Management Support". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/165076.
Texto completo[CAT] Les platges són espais costaners que desenvolupen nombroses funcions ambientals. Aquestes proporcionen importants beneficis a la societat i comunitats costaneres, entre les quals destaquen la funció ecològica, el subministrament de protecció per als territoris costaners i el fet que constitueixen un recurs bàsic de la indústria turística. De forma lligada al canvi climàtic, així com a accions humanes que alteren el dinamisme natural de la costa, les platges estan experimentant processos erosius cada vegada més nocius que afecten la seua integritat física i al manteniment de les seues funcions. La gestió de les platges en moltes ocasions no es troba adaptada a les particularitats dels diferents segments costaners. La presa de decisions no es sustenta en informació suficient sobre les característiques, el dinamisme i l'estat actual de les platges, donant lloc a solucions curtterministes o ineficaces. Les característiques geomorfològiques són essencials en el desenvolupament de les seues funcions en condicionar les seues dimensions físiques i el seu comportament enfront de l'acció de la mar. Per això, la seua caracterització de manera detallada i actualitzada és necessària per a dur a terme accions eficients, permetent virar cap a una gestió costanera més ecosistèmica i sostenible. Les tècniques de teledetecció presenten una gran capacitat per a l'adquisició de dades de la superfície terrestre. En concret, els satèl·lits Sentinel-2 i Landsat (5, 7 i 8) permeten disposar de manera gratuïta d'imatges de resolució mitjana amb cobertura mundial i alta freqüència de captura d'informació a un mateix punt. Els algorismes d'extracció de la línia de costa desenvolupats recentment pel Grup de Cartografia Geo-Ambiental i Teledetecció (CGAT - UPV) permeten definir sobre aquestes imatges la posició de la línia de costa, constituint dades potencialment útils per descriure la morfologia de les platges i el seu dinamisme. Universalitzar la seua aplicació requereix el seu testatge i validació en diferents tipus de costa. Per a això, el procés d'extracció ha sigut adaptat per a la seua explotació en entorns mareals, i les línies de costa resultants han sigut avaluades davant diferents condicions oceanogràfiques oferint una precisió pròxima als 5 m RMSE (arrel de l'error quadràtic mitjà). Tenint en compte les necessitats d'informació per a la gestió existents, a partir d'aquestes línies de costa es proposa derivar indicadors que permeten caracteritzar la geomorfologia de les platges i monitorar els seus canvis. Per a això, les metodologies proposades asseguren una gestió eficient de grans volums de línies de costa, sent així capaces de caracteritzar les platges cobrint grans territoris i períodes de temps. Així es deriven l'ample de platja i la grandària dels grans de sediment com a indicadors objectius i fàcilment comprensibles de la geomorfologia de la platja. La modelització espai-temporal de l'estat i els canvis de la línia de costa i de l'amplària possibilita monitorar la resposta de les platges a temporals i a actuacions antròpiques, permetent analitzar els canvis ocorreguts cada pocs dies fins a cobrir dècades. La seua cobertura espacial al costat de la integració amb altres bases de dades cartogràfiques permet caracteritzar la influència de la geomorfologia de la platja en l'acompliment de les seues funcions, permetent una anàlisi holística de la costa a escala regional. Les metodologies desenvolupades en aquesta tesi i els indicadors derivats des de la teledetecció brinden suport per a dotar de criteris i prioritzar les accions dels gestors. Es contribueix així a omplir l'espai existent entre la disponibilitat de tècniques per a obtenir informació remota i la seua aplicació en els processos de presa de decisions sobre la costa.
[EN] Beaches are coastal spaces that perform numerous environmental functions. They provide important benefits to society and coastal communities, including the ecological function, the provision of protection for coastal territories, and constitute a basic resource for the tourism industry. Due to climate change and human actions that alter the natural dynamism of the coast, beaches are experiencing increasingly harmful erosive processes that affect their physical integrity and the maintenance of their ecological functions. Beach management is often not adapted to the particularities of the different coastal segments. Decision-making is not based on sufficient information about characteristics, dynamism, and current state of beaches, resulting in short or ineffective solutions. Geomorphological characteristics are essential in the development of beach functions as they condition their physical dimensions and their behavior in response to the action of the sea. Therefore, their detailed and updated characterization is necessary to carry out efficient actions, allowing a more ecosystemic and sustainable coastal management. Remote sensing techniques have a great capacity for acquiring data from the land surface. In particular, Sentinel-2 and Landsat (5, 7, and 8) satellites freely provide medium resolution images with global coverage and high-revisit frequency. The algorithms for extracting the water/land interface recently developed by the Geo-Environmental Cartography and Remote Sensing Group (CGAT - UPV) allow defining the position of the shoreline on these images, constituting potentially useful data to describe beach morphology and dynamics. Universalizing their application requires testing and validation at different coastal types. For this purpose, the extraction process has been adapted for exploitation in tidal environments, and the resulting shorelines have been assessed under different oceanographic conditions offering an accuracy close to 5 m RMSE (Root-Mean-Square Error). From these shorelines, and taking into account the existing information needs for management, it is proposed to derive indicators to characterize the geomorphology of the beaches and to monitor their changes. To this end, the proposed methodologies ensure the efficient management of large volumes of shorelines, being able to characterize the beaches along broad coastal segments and periods. Thus, beach width and sediment grain size are derived as objective and easily understandable indicators of the beach geomorphology. Spatial-temporal modeling of the state and changes of shoreline position and beach width makes it possible to monitor the response to storms and anthropogenic actions, allowing to analyze changes that occur every few days or over decades. The large spatial coverage together with the integration with other cartographic databases allows characterizing the influence of beach geomorphology in the performance of its functions, offering a holistic view of the coast from a regional scale. The methodologies developed in this thesis and the indicators derived from remote sensing provide support and criteria for prioritizing the actions of managers. This contributes to fill the gap between the availability of techniques to obtain remote information and its application in the coastal decision-making process.
This research integrates findings and results obtained within the framework of the contract FPU15/04501 granted to the author by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports, which has allowed this doctoral thesis to become a reality. The research has been supported by the funds of the project RESETOCOAST, by the Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (chapters 2 to 5), and the project MONOBESAT PID2019-111435RB-I00 by the Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (chapter 6). About my stay in Portugal, it was possible with the funds of the Erasmus+ program. The contribution of Ó. Ferreira was funded by EW-COAST (PTDC/CTA-OHR/28657/2017) and by FCT and Univ. Algarve through the grant UID/MAR/00350/2013, while S. Costas’ was funded by IF/01047/2014. The following institutions have provided free access to essential data for the development of the publications that constitute this thesis: ESA and USGS for the satellite imagery; Puertos del Estado, and the Portuguese Hydrographic Institute in collaboration with CIMA for supplying oceanographic data; Ministry MITECO and DGSCM for data regarding beach sedimentology and nourishments.
Cabezas Rabadán, C. (2021). Beach Morphology and its Dynamism from Remote Sensing for Coastal Management Support [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/165076
TESIS
Chevigny, Emmanuel. "Cartographie de la diversité des sols viticoles de versant par imagerie à haute résolution : contribution à la connaissance des terroirs". Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL014/document.
Texto completoThe Burgundian vineyard hillslopes (Côte-d’Or, France) exhibit a high diversity of soils resulting from the combination of several natural and anthropogenic factors acting at various spatio-temporal scales. The soil types have major role in viticulture, since they partly determine wine-growing quality. However, soil undergoes important degradation caused by hydric erosion and vineyard management practices. To control this soil heritage for a sustained viticulture in Côte-d’Or, a better knowledge of soil is necessary. The objectives of this work is to characterise vineyard soils and to identify the factors governing their diversity using an interdisciplinary approach crossing geology, geomorphology, pedology and history of soil land use and vineyard management practices. Data have been acquired at a high spatial resolution from different imagery methods i.e. remote sensing, subsurface geophysics, and digital terrain model. At the hillslope scale, high resolution soil maps permit to predict soil agronomical comportment and discuss the spatial soil organisation of vineyard hillslope soils. At the plot scale, these maps highlight the human impact on soil diversity through its role on landscape structure and erosion intensity. Our work shows that the soil diversity of the vineyard hillslopes depends on the spatial scale used to analyse this diversity. At the hillslope scale, soil is gradually evolving along the slope, and is controlled by the geological substrate and topographical variations, and responds to topolithosequence model. At the plot scale, variations of soil thickness and organic status are taken into account and permit to predict soil agronomic behaviour. This soil diversity is partly related to human impact, due by both historical and present vineyard management practices. It appears that human activities have a past and present influence on the terroir construction in Côte-d’Or, through its action on soil diversity
Brinkerhoff, Alonzo Riley. "Mapping middle Paleozoic erosional and karstic patterns with 3-D seismic attributes and well data in the Arkoma Basin, Oklahoma /". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1868.pdf.
Texto completoTeixeira, Luís Gustavo. "Mapeamento da erodibilidade de latossolos utilizando a cor /". Jaboticabal, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151728.
Texto completoCoorientador: José Marques Júnior
Coorientador: Diego Silva Siqueira
Banca: Walter Maccheroni Junior
Banca: Newton La Scala Junior
Banca: Marcos Guimarães de Andrade Landell
Banca: Teresa Cristina Tarle Pissarra
Resumo: A busca por ferramentas que estimem a erosão usando técnicas mais rápidas e menos onerosas e não impactantes ao ambiente são assuntos em ascensão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a predisposição à erosão em Latossolos por meio da cor obtida por Espectroscopia de Reflectância Difusa (ERD). Este proposito melhora as estratégias de manejo e conservação do solo e da água em áreas de expansão e reforma de cana-de-açúcar, evitando os impactos ambientais negativos. A área de estudo localiza-se no município de Guatapará (SP), com os solos: Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico e Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico. Foram coletadas 9 amostras de solo representativas da área em transeção de 2600 m (1 ponto a cada 289 m) e mais 129 pontos em malha de densidade amostral de 1 ponto a cada 3 ha, na profundidade de 0,00 a 0,20 m. Para as 138 amostras coletadas, foram determinados os atributos mineralógicos, físicos, químicos e da cor. Os valores da Ki, Kr e c foram estimados por meio de equações propostas por Flanagan e Linvingston (1995). A variabilidade dos atributos do solo foi descrita por meio da construção dos gráficos boxplot em função de 3 compartimentos previamente observados. Foi possível identificar os limites entre os compartimentos com diferentes potenciais erosivos, não identificados pela carta de Munsell. Regressões lineares simples foram estabelecidas entre Ki, Kr e c e os atributos mineralógicos e aqueles ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The tools to estimate the erosion using faster techniques, which are also less expensive and inoffensive to the environment, are issues on the rise. The aim of this work was to estimate erosion predisposition in Latosoils using the color obtained by Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). This purpose improves the strategies to soil and water conservation and management in areas of sugarcane expansion and reform, as well as avoids negative environmental impacts. The study was carried out in the municipality of Guatapará (SP), with the following soil types: Dystrophic Red Latosol, oxisol, eutrudox red latosol, and Brazilian Oxisol. 9 representative soil samples were collected in a transect with 2600 m (1 point in each 289 m), and another 129 soil samples into a grid of sample density of 1 point per 3 ha, in the depth of 0.00 to 0.20m. For the total 138 soil samples collected, mineralogical, physical, chemical and color attributes of the soil were determined. Interrill and Rill erodibility and critical soil shear stress were estimated using equations proposed by Flanagan and Linvingston (1995). The variability of the soil attributes was described using boxplot graphs in function of three compartments previously studied in the area. It was possible to identify the limits between compartments and different erosive potential not identified by the Munsell Soil Color Charts. Simple linear regressions were established to Interrill and Rill erodibility, and critical soil shear stress with soil mineralogical attributes, and those related to soil color. The most efficient color components to estimate Interrill erodibility were Hue (88% of precision), Rill erodibility, Value (62% of precision) and critical soil shear stress, Chroma (86%). Spatial dependence analyzes show that the hue can estimate those erosion factors with 68% of prec... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Anderson, Alvin D. "Geology of the Phil Pico Mountain Quadrangle, Daggett County, Utah, and Sweetwater County, Wyoming". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2384.pdf.
Texto completoZiebell, Arthur. "Mapeamento geotécnico dos principais condicionantes de ruptura de taludes de corte da duplicação da BR-116 entre São Lourenço do Sul e Barra do Ribeiro (RS)". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172712.
Texto completoThe BR-116 is one of the most important longitudinal highways in Rio Grande do Sul state (RS, Brazil). The highway has 653.8 kilometers, starting at the bridge over the Pelotas River, and extending to Jaguarão city. It is part of an important economic corridor, that connects the north of RS to the Rio Grande Harbor (through BR 392) and Uruguay border. Therefore, the importance of the highway to the economic outflow from the state. The BR-116 duplication effort is actually halfway to the end, each segment in a different situation, and is slowly going on. This work was focused on mapping the geotechnical controlling factor for road cuts slidings, that occurred between São Lourenço do Sul and Barra do Ribeiro municipalities (RS) along BR-116 highway. The geotechnical investigation was carried out through fieldworks road cut slopes analysis, which included geology and pedology slopes characterization along the 332 and 477 kilometer of the BR-116 highway. The geotechnical field mapping procedures include recording and analyzing the geographic location (geodetic coordinates, and altimeter), photographic survey, and mainly the height, inclination, extension, structural features measurements, measure and description of pedogenetic horizons, geotechnical problems, mechanical behavior, surface water flow, groundwater level, geological description, description of weathering level and sample collection for all road cut slopes that show sliding or erosional features. The slopes numbered 8, 15 and 30 were defined as representative slopes for mineralogical analysis (X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscope) This analyses allowed to define that the main controlling factor for the road cut sliding along BR-116 under duplication is the exposure of the pedogenetic C horizon, since this enables different erosional processes upon it. The investigation has shown that the rainwater can acts directly on the footwall erosion, or even in the formation of channels and piping, which evolve to ravines. The relict geological structures weathered to kaolinite additionally contribute to the erosion processes. In such a scenario, the decreasing structural support due to C horizon erosion enable gravity to act upon pedogenetic A and B horizons, as well as on the vegetation cover just above, and cause rotational sliping on the road cut slopes. The subsequent pluviometric events contribute to additional direct erosion on slope footwall, to material removal to adjacent drainage channels, and, consequently, to repeated sliping in some slopes.
Gomes, Dirlene Moreira. "Mapeamento geotécnico para análise de feições erosivas concentradas na bacia do Ribeirão do Meio, São Pedro/SP, na escala 1:20.000". Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-01042016-101454/.
Texto completoThis research proposes the elaboration of the Ribeirão do Meio river\'s basin erosion susceptibility map. This area was chosen due to serious problems related to the gully erosion observed on the site. This cartographic document was obtained using tools such as the Geological-Geotechnical Mapping and Geoprocessament; essential to define the physical environment\'s potentialities and limitations. The procedures adopted during the geological-geotechnical mapping made it possible to obtain qualitative and quantitative information of the unconsolidated material, which were analyzed and characterized. The in situ infiltration test must be emphasized among the other work techniques due to its quality, low cost and importance of the obtained information. The criteria established to evaluate the main factors were: erodibility index, declivity, the unconsolidated material\'s thickness, material texture, hydraulic conductivity, the material\'s source, possible presence of vegetable covering and antropic activity process. During the information analysis process, the hydraulic characteristics and the erodibility indexes were correlated to all other properties of the unconsolidated materials, and among the parameters used to evaluate the erosive process the hydraulic characteristics and erodibility indexes provided the most consistent results. Cartographic documents and the other information were crossing culminating on the recognition of five susceptibility classes of erosion for concentrated drainage.
Bean, Tamsyn A. "Erosion phenomena on Round Island, Mauritius". Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46214.
Texto completoMini-dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2015
Zoology and Entomology
MSc
Unrestricted
Taruvinga, Kanyadzo. "Gully Mapping using Remote Sensing: Case Study in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4216.
Texto completoMoore, Laura Jean. "Quantitative shoreline change assessment and identification of erosion hotspots in Santa Cruz County, California". Diss., 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39296310.html.
Texto completoTesfamichael, Solomon Gebremariam. "Mapping potential soil erosion using rusle, remote sensing, and GIS : the case study of Weenen Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6399.
Texto completoThesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.
"SOIL EROSION RISK MAPPING USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY ON KOCADERE CREEK WATERSHED, ÝZMÝR". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606783/index.pdf.
Texto completoSepuru, Terrence Koena. "Assessing the use of multispectra remote sensing in mapping the spatio-temporal variations of soil erosion in Sekhukhune District, South Africa". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2406.
Texto completoSoil erosion, which is a critical component of land degradation, is one of the serious global environmental problems often threatening food security, water resources, and biodiversity. A comprehensive assessment and analysis of remote sensing applications in the spatial soil erosion mapping and monitoring over time and space is therefore, important for providing effective management and rehabilitation approaches at local, national and regional scales. The overall aim of the study was to assess the use of multispectral remote sensing sensors in mapping and monitoring the spatio-temporal variations in levels of soil erosion in the former homelands of Sekhukhune district, South Africa. Firstly, the effectiveness of the new and freely available moderate-resolution multispectral remote sensing data (Landsat 8 Operation Land Imager: OLI and Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument: MSI) derived spectral bands, vegetation indices, and a combination of spectral bands and vegetation indices in mapping the spatio-temporal variation of soil erosion in the former homelands of Sekhukhune District, South Africa is compared. The study further determines the most optimal individual sensor variables that can accurately map soil erosion. The results showed that the integration of spectral bands and spectral vegetation indices yielded high soil erosion overall classification accuracies for both sensors. Sentinel-2 data produced an OA of 83, 81% whereas Landsat 8 has an OA of 82.86%. The study further established that Sentinel-2 MSI bands located in the NIR (0.785-0.900 μm), red edge (0.698-0.785μm) and SWIR (1.565-2.280 μm) regions were the most optimal for discriminating degraded soils from other land cover types. For Landsat 8 OLI, only the SWIR (1.560-2.300 μm), NIR (0.845-0.885 μm) region were selected as the best regions. Of the eighteen spectral vegetation indices computed, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Global Environmental Monitoring Index (GEMI) were selected as the most suitable for detecting and mapping soil erosion. Secondly, the study assessed soil erosion in the former homelands of Sekhukhune, South Africa by applying a time-series analysis (2002 and 2017), to track changes of areas affected by varying degrees of erosion. Specifically, the study assessed and mapped changes of eroded areas (wet and dry season), using multi-date Landsat products 8 OLI and 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+)). Additionally, the study used extracted eroded areas and overlay analysis was performed together with geology, slope and the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) of the area under study to assess whether and to what extent the observed erosional trends can be explained. ii Time series analysis indicated that the dry season of 2002, experienced 16.61 % (224733 ha) of erosion whereas in 2017 19.71% was observed. A similar trend was also observed in the wet season. This work also indicates that the dominant geology type Lebowa granite: and Rustenburg layered its lithology strata experienced more erosional disturbances than other geological types. Slopes between 2-5% (Nearly level) experienced more erosion and vice-versa. On the hand, the relationship between TWI and eroded areas showed that much erosion occurred between 3 and 6 TWI values in all the seasons for the two different years, however, the dry season of 2002 had a slightly higher relationship and vice-versa. We, therefore, recommend use and integration of freely and readily available new and free generation broadband sensors, such as Landsat data and environmental variables if soil erosion has to be well documented for purposes of effective soil rehabilitation and conservation. Keywords: Food security Global changes, Land degradation, Land-based ecosystems, Land management practices, Satellite data, Soil conservation, Sustainable Development; Topographic Wetness Index; Time series analysis.