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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Psychological aspects"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 12 de febrero de 2022

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1

Van Haaften, E. Heleen y Fons J. R. Van De Vijver. "Psychological Consequences of Environmental Degradation". Journal of Health Psychology 1, n.º 4 (octubre de 1996): 411–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135910539600100401.

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2

Canter, David, Kenneth H. Craik y Jennifer Brown. "Editorial: Psychological aspects of environmental risk". Journal of Environmental Psychology 5, n.º 1 (marzo de 1985): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-4944(85)80035-9.

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3

Khrushch, Olena y Yuliya Karpiuk. "Psychological Aspects of Building Environmental Consciousness". Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 4, n.º 2 (30 de mayo de 2021): 120–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.040209.

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This paper provides a theoretical analysis of environmental consciousness in terms of its defining features, structural dimensions and types. More specifically, it explores the correlation between the anthropocentric/ecocentric perspective and sustainable household practices and interactions with the natural world. Another focus is the underlying dimensions of environmental consciousness such as environmental sensitivity, sustainable consumption, environmental concern and commitment to act pro-environmentally. Ecological crisis is examined through the lens of spirituality, value orientations, attitudes, worldviews and environmental consciousness. Among the other issues addressed are effective environmental literacy programs through school-family partnership and the driving forces of pro-environmental behaviour.

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4

De Young, Raymond. "Some Psychological Aspects of Recycling". Environment and Behavior 18, n.º 4 (julio de 1986): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916586184001.

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5

DORONINA, Marina V., Svetlana N. SEMENKOVA y Vyacheslav I. TABURKIN. "Social and Psychological Aspects of Environmental Consciousness". Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, n.º 3 (11 de septiembre de 2018): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.9.3(27).17.

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This paper studies methodological ways of formation of sociopsychological aspects of environmental consciousness. To this end, environmental psychology is singled out as the most important sociological factor in the internal structure of environmental consciousness. To clarify this problem, the article conducts a methodological analysis of the subject of environmental psychology, studies its links with values, the information environmental field, the subjective relationship of a person with the natural world, the dependence of environmental psychology on everyday environmental consciousness and cognition. From these systemic positions the subject of environmental consciousness, its place and role in environmental consciousness and environmental culture as a whole is determined.

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6

Evison, Margaret. "Psychological aspects of surgery". Foundation Years 1, n.º 1 (agosto de 2005): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/s1744-1889(06)70003-2.

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7

Morgan, Kevin. "Psychological aspects of ageing". Women's Health Medicine 3, n.º 2 (marzo de 2006): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/wohm.2006.3.2.81.

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8

Tartaglia, Charles. "Psychological Aspects of Hospice Care". Hospice Journal, The 3, n.º 4 (15 de febrero de 1989): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j011v03n04_05.

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9

Kiyak, H. Asuman. "Psychological aspects of orthognathic surgery". Psychology & Health 8, n.º 2-3 (abril de 1993): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870449308403179.

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10

Edge, M., M. Hayes, M. Mohammadian, N. S. Allen, T. S. Jewitt, K. Brems y K. Jones. "Aspects of poly(ethylene terephthalate) degradation for archival life and environmental degradation". Polymer Degradation and Stability 32, n.º 2 (enero de 1991): 131–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(91)90047-u.

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11

De Young, Raymond. "Some Psychological Aspects of Reduced Consumption Behavior". Environment and Behavior 28, n.º 3 (mayo de 1996): 358–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916596283005.

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12

Collis, Karen. "The psychological aspects of palliative care". Foundation Years 1, n.º 2 (octubre de 2005): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/s1744-1889(06)70013-5.

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13

Berg, Stig. "Aspects of Psychological Aging and Technology". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1, n.º 1 (enero de 1985): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300003779.

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Aging is generally regarded as a reduction of physical, psychological, and social resources. This reduction is due to two processes that operate simultaneously during the life of an individual. One of these processes is the basic biological changes which take place within the individual and are probably programmed by genetic factors. The other is change due to environmental factors, such as air pollution, noise, poor working conditions, and eating habits, social and psychological factors such as attitudes and norms, and technological factors which can enhance adaptation or cause a decline in social or psychological resources. According to present knowledge, biological age changes are irreversible. However, it should be possible to reverse the environmental changes either through short-term interventions among individuals and the community, or by long-term interventions in the society.

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14

Yuan, Jianhua, Jie Ma, Yiran Sun, Tao Zhou, Youcai Zhao y Fei Yu. "Microbial degradation and other environmental aspects of microplastics/plastics". Science of The Total Environment 715 (mayo de 2020): 136968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136968.

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15

Severini, Febo, Raffaele Gallo y Salvatore Ipsale. "Some aspects of the environmental photo-degradation of LDPE". Polymer Degradation and Stability 22, n.º 1 (enero de 1988): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(88)90056-0.

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16

Scappaticci, Anne Lise Silveira y Sergio Luis Blay. "Homeless teen mothers: social and psychological aspects". Journal of Public Health 17, n.º 1 (4 de junio de 2008): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-008-0195-8.

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17

Olsevich, Yu. "Psychological Aspects of the Current Economic Crisis". Voprosy Ekonomiki, n.º 3 (20 de marzo de 2009): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2009-3-39-53.

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In this article the formation of new «market psychology» in the conditions of pyramidal globalization and liberalization, as a general precondition of the current crisis, is considered. Basic elements of this psychology - shift of US households from saving up behavior to credit-dependent consumption, transition of large American corporations under the control of financial hawks, creation of the system of global capital inflow to the USA. On this basis a quasi-keynesian model of unstable equilibrium at the stage of growth generated by external credits is put forward. The conclusion is made that psychological disbalance of ruling elites of the USA, on the one hand, and Western Europe and Japan - on another interferes with maintaining global economy stability.

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18

Allen, Norman S., Michele Edge, Mehrdad Mohammadian y Ken Jones. "Physicochemical aspects of the environmental degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)". Polymer Degradation and Stability 43, n.º 2 (enero de 1994): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(94)90074-4.

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19

Ljesevic, Milutin, Milutin Mrksa y Misko Milanovic. "Environmental aspects of rural development planning". Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 91, n.º 1 (2011): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1101033l.

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Environment of rural areas is specific. Rural area is different from the city because of the different densities of housing, different economic activities and different social psychological characteristics of the population. In contrast to the urban rural areas are mostly developed elementary, while the city doing different types of urban plans and development. Opinion is that the rural environment and healthier preserved from the city. However, as rising demand for food, so it is coming to an increase of different agro chemicals, additives and hormones. In recent times the current problems of genetically modified agricultural products. Therefore, is control and environmental management has become liabilities.

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20

Osipov, V. I. "Environmental aspects of sustainable development". Вестник Российской академии наук 89, n.º 7 (8 de julio de 2019): 718–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-5873897718-727.

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The term "sustainable development" is based on the fundamental principle of improving human quality of life without destroying the natural environment (the biosphere). Humankind develops through the consumption of renewable (air, water, landscapes, and biota) and nonrenewable (fuel, ores, and other mineral resources) resources from the Earth. Constant renewal of resources is an essential condition for sustainable development. However, the present-day use of nature ignores this requirement, which inevitably leads to the depletion of resources, degradation of ecosystems, and global ecological disaster. This paper considers the modern level of consumption of life-supporting resources, which exceeds the permissible limits, and possible ways to prevent the approaching disaster. We draw several conclusions regarding the necessity to adopt a radically new nature-use strategy on the bases of the rational use and reproduction of resources as well as the development of new technologies of energy production from nontraditional sources.

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21

No authorship indicated. "Review of Environmental Toxins: Psychological, Behavioral, and Sociocultural Aspects, 1973-1989." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 35, n.º 10 (octubre de 1990): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/029192.

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22

Sharma, Ekta. "THE KILLER OF NATURE – ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION". International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 3, n.º 3 (27 de septiembre de 2015): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2015.335.

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The Presented summary paper target is to draw the attention of the public to the benefits of Environment and how we are connected to the Environment. To show that if there’s any change in the Environmental conditions, then how the conditions change in human beings lives. Living Being, whether a Human Being or Animals or plants, are all directly or indirectly Dependent on the Environment for their Survival. When asked truly it can be said that none of the living being can survive without the presence of Environment. It is difficult to find absolutely natural environments, and it is common that the naturalness varies in a continuum, from ideally 100% natural in one extreme to 0% natural in the other. More precisely, we can consider the different aspects or components of an environment, and see that their degree of naturalness is not uniform.

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23

Müller, M. y P. Valášek. "Environmental degradation aspects influencing coach-working one-component epoxy adhesives". Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, No. 1 (27 de marzo de 2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/42/2013-rae.

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Degradation processes act on adhesive bonds behaviour in a negative way. The aim of experiments is to set the influence of liquid contaminants on strength changes of the adhesive bonds created with the adhesive used in the area of a coach-work construction. It is presumed according to a hypothesis that the adhesives applied in the construction of traffic and electricity means are resisting to liquid contaminants. The rain water, 33% solution of the rain-water and halite and the oil were used as the degradation mediums/environments. On the basis of evaluated experiments it can be said that resultant strength of the adhesive bonds decreases in the course of time at simultaneous affection of the environment. The measure of the strength decrease depends on specific conditions of the environment; however, it can be as much as 55%. The significant contaminant is the solution of the water and halite.    

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24

Sakai, Yasuyoshi y Suresh Subramani. "Environmental Response of Yeast Peroxisomes; Aspects of Organelle Assembly and Degradation". Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 32, n.º 1-3 (2000): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/cbb:32:1-3:51.

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25

Rode, Ojārs. "Educational and Psychological Aspects of Environmental Awareness and a Sense of Belonging". Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 4, n.º 1 (2 de febrero de 2015): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2013-0006.

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Abstract The research problem concerns the sphere of relationships with the environment and an individual's awareness in the aspect of satisfying the need for belonging. This research aims to determine the conditions of relationships with the environment and an individual's awareness in the process of personality formation. The research is constituted by an analysis of literary sources in education, psychology, philosophy and folklore studies as well as by a study of the formation process of a sense of belonging in Latvian folk songs or dainas. This research shows that a sense of belonging is associated with harmony between an individual and the surrounding environment. It is developed in the space of conditions for an individual's self-realisation that balances individual and social interests. For the development of inborn gifts, a natural environment of upbringing is needed. For the development of a sustainable education model in Latvia, the ideas found in Latvian dainas that have ascertained their sustainability may be of importance.

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26

Salvaggio, John E. "Psychological aspects of ″environmental illness,” ″multiple chemical sensitivity,” and building-related illness". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 94, n.º 2 (agosto de 1994): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ai.1994.v94.a56017.

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27

Druzhilov, Sergey A. "CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN ECOLOGY: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS". Hygiene and sanitation 97, n.º 7 (15 de julio de 2018): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-7-597-603.

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Introduction. The information environment of the society as an integral part of a human habitat is a factor of his health and must comply with safety requirements. As a result of the development of communication technologies on the basis of computer devices and the Internet, there have been significant changes in the information environment of the society and its impact on people. The study of the negative impact of the contemporary information environment on a human cannot be limited to physical and psychophysiological factors. A semantic component of the information itself is significant. Information environment has a negative impact on the cognitive and emotional sphere of his psyche. The object of information influence is the personality. The objective of the paper is to study the formation of the contemporary information and communication environment of the society, the trends in its development, to define its main components and psychological peculiarities. Material and methods. The method of investigation is a comparative analysis of the views of various authors and their theoretical generalization. Results. Based on the analysis of publications, a current understanding of the information and communication environment of the society is presented. The formation of the information environment is connected with the development of technologies and tools for fixing, preserving and transferring social experience. Six stages of the development of the means of the information transferring and preservation in the society are selected. Global informatization of the environment leads to the changes in people’s lives and activities. The picture of the human world, his worldview, his way of life are exposed to the effects of the information traffic. The risk factor is the deterioration of the human adaptation to new conditions. The changes within the individual do not keep up with the rapid changes in technology. Conclusion. In the context of the new information and communication reality the importance of the problems of human ecology was shown to increase. The information environment of a society as an object of the study can be considered in the following aspects: a) as a human habitat; b) as a means of information human activities; c) as a system of communications, including interpersonal ones; d) as an information infrastructure that provides storage, access and use of information arrays.

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28

Kovacic, Marin, Daria Juretic Perisic, Martina Biosic, Hrvoje Kusic, Sandra Babic y Ana Loncaric Bozic. "UV photolysis of diclofenac in water; kinetics, degradation pathway and environmental aspects". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, n.º 15 (13 de abril de 2016): 14908–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6580-x.

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29

Arborelius, Elisabeth y Ditte Lindell. "Psychological Aspects of Early and Late Discharge after Hospital Delivery". Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 17, n.º 1 (abril de 1989): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/140349488901700115.

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30

Susman, Elizabeth J., Editha D. Nottelmann, Gale Inoff-Germain, Lorah D. Dorn y George P. Chrousos. "Hormonal influences on aspects of psychological development during adolescence". Journal of Adolescent Health Care 8, n.º 6 (noviembre de 1987): 492–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(87)90050-7.

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31

de Young, Raymond. "Some Psychological Aspects of Living Lightly: Desired Lifestyle Patterns and Conservation Behavior". Journal of Environmental Systems 20, n.º 3 (1 de enero de 1990): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/030q-q4ke-7yfb-4q0f.

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32

Yunusov, Abduljabar, Muslim Yunusov y Michael Olenev. "Professional culture forming process by penal system students (pedagogical, psychological and environmental aspects)". E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 12019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124412019.

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The penitentiary system puts forward special requirements for students and to the level of their professional culture. The specificity of penal system imposes the fulfillment of certain specific tasks on cadets. It determines the main directions of formation of a students’ professional culture. The current state and development of penitentiary system of Russian Federation dictates the need for future specialists to master a complex of certain knowledge, skills and abilities that allow them to effectively fulfill office tasks. The peculiarity of conditions of activity of penal system employees is also associated with the fact that they constantly have to deal with persons associated with criminal activity. In the process of penal system employees training, emphasis is placed on the development of professional, spiritual, moral and cultural values. The key condition for achieving law and order in society and institutions of penitentiary system and reducing social tension is the organization of process of forming the professional culture of students in the penitentiary sphere.

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33

Trups-Kalne, Ingrīda. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT: HISTORY AND RECENT STUDIES". SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 7 (25 de mayo de 2018): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3400.

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The aim of the study is to analyse psychological aspects of moral development by assessing studies on cognitive rational theory, as well as to learn about the most recent studies on the socially intuitive and evolutionary paradigm of morality. The study analyses the views of Piaget, Kohlberg, Lind, Shweder, Haidt, Joseph, Hamlin, Wynn, Bloom and others on cultural differences of the content of morality, process and mechanisms of moral development, as well as endogenous and environmental factors affecting development. The study led to conclusion that general understanding about morality is innate to a human being and that morality is the core of personality, which helps people to work and live together in a community.

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34

Aneshensel, Carol S., Antonio L. Estrada, Mary Jo Hansell y Virginia A. Clark. "Social Psychological Aspects of Reporting Behavior: Lifetime Depressive Episode Reports". Journal of Health and Social Behavior 28, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1987): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2136843.

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35

Md.din, Ili Atiqah Bte y Ruslin Bin Amir. "ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY AND IT’S CONTRIBUTION TO STUDENTS PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING". Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research 1, n.º 1 (19 de mayo de 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jsder.v1i1.6246.

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This study is to identify the effect of environmental psychology to the dimensions of psychological well-being. Those dimensions are (i) acceptance of self, (ii) the purpose of life, (iii) freedom of autonomy, (iv) control of the environment (v) a positive relationship with other people, and (vi) the self - development among National University of Malaysia students. A total of 51 students participated in this study. The respondents in the study consisted of students from one to fourth year undergraduate. The instrument used to measure the study was adapted and modified based on Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Scales (1995). This study used quantitative method in the form of questionnaires (surveys). In addition, this research also employs descriptive and inference statistics analysis in the form of mean score, standard deviation, percentage, frequency, regression analysis and t- test. Results showed that the psychological aspects of the environment significantly affect all dimensions of psychological well-being among students where as the most dominant influence in psychological well-being is the dimension of self-acceptance. Hence, the results showed that there were no significant differences among male and female students in the dimension of psychological well-being. Thus the study has to carried out more comprehensive and far-reaching that mainly involving aspects of physical, emotional, spiritual, intellectual and spiritual so that it can measure the level of well-being holistically among students from primary school up to the tertiary level in turn to enhance the quality of national education.

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36

Modlinska, Klaudia y Wojciech Pisula. "Selected Psychological Aspects of Meat Consumption—A Short Review". Nutrients 10, n.º 9 (14 de septiembre de 2018): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091301.

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Eating meat is deeply entrenched in Western culture. It is often associated with wealth and a highly nutritional diet; and for many people it is also an established habit that is difficult to change. The second half of the 20th century was a period of rapid growth in meat consumption, which resulted in intensified meat production. At the same time, eating meat has recently become subject to criticism for health-related, environmental or humanitarian reasons. This review aims to signal the potential consequences of a change of diet or switching to diets that are rich/poor in certain ingredients on the functioning of the hormonal and nervous system, which translates into changes in mood and behavior. This paper discusses the psychological phenomena which underlie the difficulty of changing one’s food preferences and problems encountered while adding new products to the daily diet. Finally, this study summarizes the limitations of modifying eating habits that have resulted from established attitudes and habits.

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37

Daudin, Marianne, Magali-Diane Renard, Virginie Louzon, Sabine Chollet y Marie-Dominique Colas. "Ejection in Hostile Environments: Medico-Psychological Aspects for the Fighter Pilot". Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 84, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 2013): 856–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/asem.3596.2013.

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38

Bettin, Johannes y Meike Wollni. "Environmental Concern and Urbanization in India: Towards Psychological Complexity". Sustainability 12, n.º 24 (12 de diciembre de 2020): 10402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410402.

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Urbanizing social-ecological systems often experience environmental degradation, especially in the Global South. Traditional urban psychology has attributed this to decreasing environmental concern due to weakening connections to nature. However, urban psychological research has barely considered how predictions may improve when including psychological complexity, exemplified by context, in the urbanization-concern link. In this work, we test for sensitivity of a loss of nature connection to cultural context, for substitution by additional southern urban features, and for the emergence of aggregate preferences based on the feedback between these mediators in regard to the overall relationship. Our structural equations model is calibrated using original survey data from the globalized southern megacity Bangalore, India. The spatial explicitness of our data allows for representative sampling from its rich urban variation. Spatial lags of exogenous variables provide instrumental variables to control for endogeneity arising from feedback. The results suggest that modernization-induced value change is the main policy leverage that facilitates pro-environmental preferences within a uniquely Indian interplay of various urban psychological effects.

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39

Weiskel, Timothy C. y Richard A. Gray. "The Anthropology of Environmental Decline: Part 1 Historical aspects of Anthropogenic Ecological Degradation". Reference Services Review 18, n.º 2 (febrero de 1990): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb049090.

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40

Flensborg-Madsen, Trine, Søren Ventegodt y Joav Merrick. "Sense of Coherence and Physical Health. A Review of Previous Findings". Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.85.

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The aim of this paper is to systematically review the available scientific publications published concerning the association between the sense of coherence (SOC), designed by Aaron Antonovsky (1923-1994), measured with the scales SOC-29 or SOC-13, and different aspects of health. The study is descriptive and integrates more than 50 scientific publications. The results are divided into the categories: Physical health; biological measures; psychological measures; health measures incorporating psychological aspects; stress; and behavioural aspects. The conclusion from this review is that SOC is highly associated with psychological aspects, including stress and behavioural aspects when SOC is operationalized with the prevailing scales. However, we were unable to show a strong association between SOC and physical health that Antonovsky had predicted. Therefore, we conclude that the SOC scale can only serve as a predictor for health that is measured by incorporating psychological aspects, while it is not capable of explaining physical health that is measured only by means of physical terms.

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41

Vyas, Neha. "Environmental Aspects of Project Management". Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 33, n.º 2 (abril de 2008): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920080205.

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The primary challenge in project management is to achieve all of the defined project goals and objectives while adhering to typical constraints which are usually scope, quality, time, and budget. Often, the basic flaw in project planning and design is the complete neglect or minimal consideration of environmental and social costs and dependence only on economic analysis for project preparation and investment. A failure to understand and internalize adverse or negative impacts on environment during project preparation could lead to several undesirable consequences, which may ultimately jeopardize the very objectives of growth and development for which the project was proposed. In this paper, the author stresses upon the need for environmental management for successful project completion and discusses the challenges of addressing the key environmental issues. Environmental management is not just about the ‘trees and bees’ but also about health, safety, profits, quality assurance, reduced risks to reputation, and increased global competitiveness, states the author. Overall, it is about efficiency and reducing environmental and legal liabilities. It is argued that sound environment management reduces the unforeseen obstacles and bottlenecks that may otherwise hamper the delivery of project objectives while helping to improve the environmental performance of project operations. The key environmental issues resulting from agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and urban operations include: severe degradation of air quality due to industrial and vehicular pollution contamination of land and water resources due to pesticides, fertilizers, and dumping of hazardous wastes depletion of raw material reserves contamination of surface and ground water sources due to discharge of sewage and industrial effluents deforestation. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) study is suggested as a tool for formulating an environment management plan. EIA should, however, not be treated just as a tool for regulatory compliance but as an instrument for improving project management per se with proper expertise, time, and budget allocations made for the purpose. In environmental management, the moot question is: How to get started? The author's advice is to start small and simple and gradually turn them into action plans for a worksite and subsequently up-scale them for the entire company. It is ultimately the actions taken at personal or community level or as a project manager that matters the most when it comes to environmental sustainability. Policies and plans merely show the way. It is becoming increasingly important to make environmental management an economic driver that would serve to minimize environmental damages and promote resource efficiency and cost savings to businesses.

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42

Ayer, Lynsay, Brinda Venkatesh, Robert Stewart, Daniel Mandel, Bradley Stein y Michael Schoenbaum. "Psychological Aspects of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict: A Systematic Review". Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 18, n.º 3 (27 de octubre de 2015): 322–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838015613774.

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Despite ongoing local and international peace efforts, the Jews, Arabs, and other residents of Israel and the Palestinian territories (i.e., the West Bank and Gaza) have endured decades of political, social, and physical upheaval, with periodic eruptions of violence. It has been theorized that the psychological impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict extends beyond the bounds of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Exposure to the ongoing conflict may lead to changes in the way Israelis and Palestinians think, feel, and act; while these changes may not meet the thresholds of PTSD or depression, they nonetheless could have a strong public health impact. It is unclear whether existing studies have found associations between exposure to the conflict and nonclinical psychological outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the empirical research on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and its psychological consequences. As a whole, the body of literature we reviewed suggests that exposure to regional political conflict and violence may have detrimental effects on psychological well-being and that these effects likely extend beyond the psychiatric disorders and symptoms most commonly studied. We found evidence that exposure to the conflict informs not only the way Israelis and Palestinians think, feel, and act but also their attitudes toward different religious and ethnic groups and their degree of support for peace or war. We also found that Palestinians may be at particularly high risk of experiencing psychological distress as a result of the conflict, though more research is needed to determine the extent to which this is due to socioeconomic stress. Our review suggests the need for more studies on the nonclinical psychological aspects of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict as well as for longitudinal studies on the impact of the conflict on both Israelis and Palestinians.

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43

Morasch, Barbara, Hans H. Richnow, Bernhard Schink y Rainer U. Meckenstock. "Stable Hydrogen and Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Microbial Toluene Degradation: Mechanistic and Environmental Aspects". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 2001): 4842–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.10.4842-4849.2001.

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ABSTRACT Primary features of hydrogen and carbon isotope fractionation during toluene degradation were studied to evaluate if analysis of isotope signatures can be used as a tool to monitor biodegradation in contaminated aquifers. D/H hydrogen isotope fractionation during microbial degradation of toluene was measured by gas chromatography. Per-deuterated toluene-d 8 and nonlabeled toluene were supplied in equal amounts as growth substrates, and kinetic isotope fractionation was calculated from the shift of the molar ratios of toluene-d 8 and nondeuterated toluene. The D/H isotope fractionation varied slightly for sulfate-reducing strain TRM1 (slope of curve [b] = −1.219), Desulfobacterium cetonicum(b = −1.196), Thauera aromatica(b = −0.816), and Geobacter metallireducens (b = −1.004) and was greater for the aerobic bacterium Pseudomonas putidamt-2 (b = −2.667). The D/H isotope fractionation was 3 orders of magnitude greater than the13C/12C carbon isotope fractionation reported previously. Hydrogen isotope fractionation with nonlabeled toluene was 1.7 and 6 times less than isotope fractionation with per-deuterated toluene-d 8 and nonlabeled toluene for sulfate-reducing strain TRM1 (b = −0.728) andD. cetonicum (b = −0.198), respectively. Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation during toluene degradation by D. cetonicum remained constant over a growth temperature range of 15 to 37°C but varied slightly during degradation by P. putida mt-2, which showed maximum hydrogen isotope fractionation at 20°C (b = −4.086) and minimum fractionation at 35°C (b = −2.138). D/H isotope fractionation was observed only if the deuterium label was located at the methyl group of the toluene molecule which is the site of the initial enzymatic attack on the substrate by the bacterial strains investigated in this study. Use of ring-labeled toluene-d 5 in combination with nondeuterated toluene did not lead to significant D/H isotope fractionation. The activity of the first enzyme in the anaerobic toluene degradation pathway, benzylsuccinate synthase, was measured in cell extracts of D. cetonicum with an initial activity of 3.63 mU (mg of protein)−1. The D/H isotope fractionation (b = −1.580) was 30% greater than that in growth experiments with D. cetonicum. Mass spectroscopic analysis of the product benzylsuccinate showed that H atoms abstracted from the toluene molecules by the enzyme were retained in the same molecules after the product was released. Our findings revealed that the use of deuterium-labeled toluene was appropriate for studying basic features of D/H isotope fractionation. Similar D/H fractionation factors for toluene degradation by anaerobic bacteria, the lack of significant temperature dependence, and the strong fractionation suggest that analysis of D/H fractionation can be used as a sensitive tool to assess degradation activities. Identification of the first enzyme reaction in the pathway as the major fractionating step provides a basis for linking observed isotope fractionation to biochemical reactions.

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44

Ambrose, John R. y Priya R. Bendale. "Beneficial Aspects of the Environmental Instability of Materials". MRS Bulletin 18, n.º 9 (septiembre de 1993): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400038033.

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The environmental degradation of materials poses a serious limitation in the utility of engineering materials. The corrosion of metals, for example, has been estimated to represent a 4–5% decrease in the Gross National Product each year. To this, add losses involved in the replacement or restoration of ceramic structures such as buildings and transportation systems, i.e., the “infrastructure,” and the result is a significant sacrifice of economic strength.Most of us are familiar with the consequences of exposing materials to environments in which the materials are chemically unstable and convert into substances that are unable to perform the function for which the original material was selected. The corrosion of metals into soluble or insoluble oxidation reaction products, chain scission or molecular mutation in polymers, even hydrolysis and leaching of silicious ceramic compounds represent behavior which ultimately limits the service applications of most engineering materials. For example, aluminum and its alloys are unsuitable for use in environments where oxide formation rates are high enough to represent a problem with respect to useful service life.

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45

Isohanni, Matti y Katja Nevala. "Psychological and Managerial Aspects of the Scientist and the Research Team". Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 2, n.º 3 (julio de 1997): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135581969700200302.

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Lawlor, Brian A. "Environmental and Social Aspects of Behavioral Disturbances in Dementia". International Psychogeriatrics 8, S3 (mayo de 1997): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104161029700344x.

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Are the behavioral disturbances of dementia a primary manifestation of a devastating degenerative brain disease or a consequence of a demented patient's inability to cope with a hostile environment that does not adapt to his or her needs? Our current state of knowledge regarding the origin of noncognitive symptoms in dementia does not allow us to neatly dichotomize behavioral disturbances into either syndromes that can be attributed to altered neurobiologic substrates or behavioral reactions to a change in social routine or environment. The best fit model is one that incorporates biologic (neurochemical, neuropathologic, or genetic); psychological (premorbid personality and behavior, and response to stress); and social (environmental change and caregiver factors) aspects. For any particular symptom or group of symptoms, the relative input from each causal source can vary and may change in the future as our knowledge and understanding grow. The importance of an interactive causal model is that is has direct and immediate relevance to the development of treatment strategies.

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Tam, Kim-Pong. "Anthropomorphism of Nature, Environmental Guilt, and Pro-Environmental Behavior". Sustainability 11, n.º 19 (30 de septiembre de 2019): 5430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195430.

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Feeling guilty about the occurrence of environmental problems is not uncommon; however, not everyone experiences it. Why are there such individual differences? Considering that guilt is a predominantly interpersonal phenomenon, as emotion research has demonstrated, how is it possible that some individuals feel guilty for the degradation of the non-human environment, and some others do not? The present investigation tests an integrated solution to these two questions based on the concept of anthropomorphism. In three studies, with an individual difference approach, it was observed that anthropomorphism of nature predicted the experience of environmental guilt, and this feeling in turn was associated with engagement in pro-environmental behavior. That is, it appears that individuals who view nature in anthropomorphic terms are more likely to feel guilty for environmental degradation, and they take more steps toward environmental action. This observation not only improves existing understanding of environmental guilt, but also adds evidence to the theoretical possibility of describing and understanding the human–nature relationship with reference to psychological knowledge regarding interpersonal relationships.

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Waskito, Jati, I. Imronudin y C. Chuzaimah. "Observing pro-environmental behavior based on consumer attitudes and norms". Diponegoro International Journal of Business 2, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dijb.2.2.2019.76-85.

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This study aims to investigate the differences in underlying psychological aspects regarding pro-environmental behavior between two distinct consumer groups: green product and non-green product consumers. Psychological aspects investigated includes cognitive attitude, affective attitude, social norm, and behavioral intention. Using survey, a total of 276 responses from Solo, Jogyakarta, and Semarang are succesfully collected. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to check the measurement model, while a multiple regression and MANOVA were performed to examine the proposed hypothesis. Compared to non-green product consumers, green product consumers exhibited significantly higher levels of cognitive attitude, affective attitude, social norm, personal norm, and green consumer behavior. Also cognitive, affective attitude, and personal norm predicted green consumer behavior. The limitations of this study include the self-reporting questionnare and the measurmenet of consumers’ recycling intention rather than their actual behavior.

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Brebu, Mihai. "Environmental Degradation of Plastic Composites with Natural Fillers—A Review". Polymers 12, n.º 1 (8 de enero de 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010166.

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Polymer composites are widely used modern-day materials, specially designed to combine good mechanical properties and low density, resulting in a high tensile strength-to-weight ratio. However, materials for outdoor use suffer from the negative effects of environmental factors, loosing properties in various degrees. In particular, natural fillers (particulates or fibers) or components induce biodegradability in the otherwise bio inert matrix of usual commodity plastics. Here we present some aspects found in recent literature related to the effect of aggressive factors such as temperature, mechanical forces, solar radiation, humidity, and biological attack on the properties of plastic composites containing natural fillers.

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Zdarta, Agata, Wojciech Smułek, Amanda Pacholak y Ewa Kaczorek. "Environmental Aspects of the Use of Hedera helix Extract in Bioremediation Process". Microorganisms 7, n.º 2 (5 de febrero de 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7020043.

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This paper analyzes the impact of saponins from English ivy leaves on the properties of environmental bacterial strains and hydrocarbon degradation ability. For this purpose, two bacterial strains, Raoultella ornitinolytica M03 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus M1B, have been used in toluene, 4-chlorotoluene, and α,α,α-trifluorotoluene biodegradation supported by Hedera helix extract. Moreover, theeffects of ivy exposition on cell properties and extract toxicity were investigated. The extract was found to cause minor differences in cell surface hydrophobicity, membrane permeability, and Zeta potential, although it adhered to the cell surface. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus M1B was more affected by the ivy extract; thus, the cells were more metabolically active and degraded saponins at greater amounts. Although the extract influenced positively the cells’ viability in the presence of hydrocarbons, it could have been used by the bacteria as a carbon source, thus slowing down hydrocarbon degradation. These results show that the use of ivy saponins for hydrocarbon remediation is environmentally acceptable but should be carefully analyzed to assess the efficiency of the selected saponins-rich extract in combination with selected bacterial strains.

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