Bibliografías temáticas / Environmental degradation – Health aspects

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 9 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Elpiner, Leonid I. y A. V. Dzyuba. "MEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE DEGRADATION OF THE PERMAFROST ZONE: PROBLEM OF PALEOVIRAL CONTAMINATION". Hygiene and sanitation 96, n.º 8 (27 de marzo de 2019): 706–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-8-706-711.

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We present the concept of a possible global viral infestation associated with the processes of permafrost melting and probability of groundwater contamination with paleoviruses. The most realistic mechanism of the development of this process is considered, as well as possible ways of forming of a new epidemic situation, depending on characteristics of groundwater and surface water use for drinking purposes by the population of the permafrost zone (permafrost). The necessity of in-depth development of large-scale multi-disciplinary researches in order to clarify the pathogenetic significance of paleoviruses in the permafrost zone and assess the need of the development of the composition and the nature of the complex environmental and anti-epidemic measures is substantiated.

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Alderwish, Ahmed M. y Fayad A. Alderwish. "Environmental Aspects of the Accelerated Urbanization in Sana’a, Yemen". Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 16 (1 de diciembre de 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol16iss0pp1-12.

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From an environmental viewpoint, the prevailing health problems must be a “first priority” in all major development projects. Public water supply provides only 36% of domestic water. Disinfection of public water supply from the south well field is essential to avoid health problems. About 60% of the drinking water sold by ‘hygienic’ stations is of questionable quality. Expansion and upgrading in hospitals, pharmacies and industries (waste producers) will have an immediate impact on the amount of hazardous waste that will have to be disposed of. To achieve a sustainable urban development and to avoid environment/resources degradation, care should be taken now to monitor and improve handling and management of hazardous waste. Initiating management programs for reducing or preventing the generation of waste during production processes or other operations would be the first step to an economically and environmentally sound way of dealing with hazardous wastes. As complete elimination cannot be realized, ways to recycle the wastes should be sought. Major air pollutants in Sana’a include dust and SPM, carbon monoxide, photochemical oxidants, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, sulfur oxides and hydrocarbons. The main sources of pollution in the cities are the mobile sources. The emissions of gases from oil consumption are exceeding the permissible level and it is essential that the gases be monitored, at least in the congested areas of the cities. Integration of environmental concerns with economic growth in Yemen should occur at the planning stage, adopting a positive approach and focusing on improvement in the health and welfare of the residents of the program area. Mitigating measures relating to the protection of the urban environment and improving public health must be primary objectives of EIA investigation for any upgrading project within urban areas and any other projects impacting on an urban environment.

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Vyas, Neha. "Environmental Aspects of Project Management". Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 33, n.º 2 (abril de 2008): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920080205.

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The primary challenge in project management is to achieve all of the defined project goals and objectives while adhering to typical constraints which are usually scope, quality, time, and budget. Often, the basic flaw in project planning and design is the complete neglect or minimal consideration of environmental and social costs and dependence only on economic analysis for project preparation and investment. A failure to understand and internalize adverse or negative impacts on environment during project preparation could lead to several undesirable consequences, which may ultimately jeopardize the very objectives of growth and development for which the project was proposed. In this paper, the author stresses upon the need for environmental management for successful project completion and discusses the challenges of addressing the key environmental issues. Environmental management is not just about the ‘trees and bees’ but also about health, safety, profits, quality assurance, reduced risks to reputation, and increased global competitiveness, states the author. Overall, it is about efficiency and reducing environmental and legal liabilities. It is argued that sound environment management reduces the unforeseen obstacles and bottlenecks that may otherwise hamper the delivery of project objectives while helping to improve the environmental performance of project operations. The key environmental issues resulting from agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and urban operations include: severe degradation of air quality due to industrial and vehicular pollution contamination of land and water resources due to pesticides, fertilizers, and dumping of hazardous wastes depletion of raw material reserves contamination of surface and ground water sources due to discharge of sewage and industrial effluents deforestation. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) study is suggested as a tool for formulating an environment management plan. EIA should, however, not be treated just as a tool for regulatory compliance but as an instrument for improving project management per se with proper expertise, time, and budget allocations made for the purpose. In environmental management, the moot question is: How to get started? The author's advice is to start small and simple and gradually turn them into action plans for a worksite and subsequently up-scale them for the entire company. It is ultimately the actions taken at personal or community level or as a project manager that matters the most when it comes to environmental sustainability. Policies and plans merely show the way. It is becoming increasingly important to make environmental management an economic driver that would serve to minimize environmental damages and promote resource efficiency and cost savings to businesses.

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Clark, Michael A., Marco Springmann, Jason Hill y David Tilman. "Multiple health and environmental impacts of foods". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n.º 46 (28 de octubre de 2019): 23357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1906908116.

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Food choices are shifting globally in ways that are negatively affecting both human health and the environment. Here we consider how consuming an additional serving per day of each of 15 foods is associated with 5 health outcomes in adults and 5 aspects of agriculturally driven environmental degradation. We find that while there is substantial variation in the health outcomes of different foods, foods associated with a larger reduction in disease risk for one health outcome are often associated with larger reductions in disease risk for other health outcomes. Likewise, foods with lower impacts on one metric of environmental harm tend to have lower impacts on others. Additionally, of the foods associated with improved health (whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, olive oil, and fish), all except fish have among the lowest environmental impacts, and fish has markedly lower impacts than red meats and processed meats. Foods associated with the largest negative environmental impacts—unprocessed and processed red meat—are consistently associated with the largest increases in disease risk. Thus, dietary transitions toward greater consumption of healthier foods would generally improve environmental sustainability, although processed foods high in sugars harm health but can have relatively low environmental impacts. These findings could help consumers, policy makers, and food companies to better understand the multiple health and environmental implications of food choices.

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Matos, Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de, Camila Domit y Ana Paula Frederico Rodrigues Loureiro Bracarense. "Seabirds: studies with parasitofauna and potential indicator for environmental anthropogenic impacts". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, n.º 4 (13 de mayo de 2020): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n4p1439.

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The aim of this review was to present the main anthropogenic threats to seabirds, a taxonomic group described as environmental sentinels, and the dynamics between parasites and hosts and their relationship with the health of the marine ecosystem. Coastal marine environments support various anthropogenic activities, exposing seabirds to multiple and synergistic environmental changes. These activities are considered negative to the maintenance of several seabird species, such as exposure to constant aquatic contaminants and fishing. In addition, parasitic and infectious diseases (viral, bacterial, and fungal) may also play an important role in maintaining some seabird populations. Some pathogenic organisms have public health importance and/or may indicate environmental quality. Host-parasite interaction may be positive, negative, or absent depending on some environmental factors potentially associated with degradation, as well as intrinsic factors of host or parasite. In addition, investigating aspects of seabird mortality also contributes to the constant population monitoring and understanding of the interaction between animals, humans, and the environment. Thus, seabirds and their parasitofauna can provide important ecological and health information, including those related to environmental health, supporting strategies for reducing degradation and maintaining marine ecosystems.

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Sene, Luciane, Attilio Converti, Geslaine Aparecida Ribeiro Secchi y Rita de Cássia Garcia Simão. "New aspects on atrazine biodegradation". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 53, n.º 2 (abril de 2010): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132010000200030.

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The world practice of using agrochemicals for long periods, in an indiscriminated and abusive way, has been a concern of the authorities involved in public health and sustainability of the natural resources, as a consequence of environmental contamination. Agrochemicals refer to a broad range of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, and among them stands out atrazine, a herbicide intensively used in sugarcane, corn and sorghum cultures, among others. Researches have demonstrated that atrazine has toxic effects in algae, aquatic plants, aquatic insects, fishes and mammals. Due to the toxicity and persistence of atrazine in the environment, the search of microbial strains capable of degrading it is fundamental to the development of bioremediation processes, as corrective tools to solve the current problems of the irrational use of agrochemicals. This review relates the main microbial aspects and research on atrazine degradation by isolated microbial species and microbial consortia, as well as approaches on the development of techniques for microbial removal of atrazine in natural environments.

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Vidishcheva, Evgenia, Yuriy Dreizis y Andrey Kopyrin. "The impact of ecological aspects on sustainable development of resort territories (example of the Krasnodar region, Russia)". E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 14010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017514010.

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Rapidincreaseofeconomicaffairs,expansionofhumanactivity, aswellasacceleratinggrowth ofman-madefactorsincreasethepressureon the environment as the basis of human life. Environmental degradation can bring into challenge both sustainability and future development of territories. Nowadays, regions and countries are on the way to sustainable development, as the most reasonable in terms of rational and effective use of resource potential. According to the concept, environmental conditions, economic and social stability are the three pillars of sustainable development. Importanceofenvironmentalcomponenthasbeenunderestimatedforalong period.However,environmental«health»andbalancedeterminethedynamics, duration and direction of development. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of environmental component on the sustainability of resort territory using the example of the Krasnodar regionindicators.

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Nowakowski, Przemysław. "Health and ecological aspects in shaping of furniture equipment". BUILDER 284, n.º 3 (24 de febrero de 2021): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7426.

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The choice of furniture does not only affect the comfort of one’s life or work space. Materials utilized in furniture production may contribute to the quality of chemical microclimate in rooms and have an influence on the users’ health. Plenty of substances used in the furniture industry have negative effects on human health. These effects are usually of low intensity. However, they occur over a long period of time and as a result they may even lead directly to permanent health problems. Consumer lifestyle boosts frequent changes in interior decoration. The changes include mainly replacing furniture and household appliances. The furniture industry offers a wide range of products to satisfy the growing needs of buyers. Mass production results in a significant increase in the exploitation of natural resources and (often) leads to degradation of the natural environment. The downsides of mass furniture production are usually considered only in terms of utilizing various resources. Producers, however, implement measures to reduce the consumption of materials and energy. Their aim is to cut the production costs and lower the final price of manufactured goods. Worn out furniture, produced from highly processed materials is not biodegradable. Such waste is a heavy burden on the natural environment. The paper describes „the life cycle” of furniture items and presents a critical analysis of raw materials and intermediate products used in the furniture industry in the context of sustainable development (the impact on human health and on the condition of the natural environment). It may serve as a means to promote pro-health and pro-environmental awareness. A thorough assessment of the furniture available on the market may facilitate in making conscious decisions which will also take into consideration additional technical criteria. The choice of furniture neutral for people as well as for the environment is not an easy task and often involves higher spending.

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Abadi, Saeed Daryaee Bajhdad, Mohammad Hossain Ramazani Ghavam Abadi, Seyed Ghasem Zamani y Mehrzad Kiani. "Legal, Commercial, Medical, Ethical and Environmental Aspects of Granting Patents for Biotechnological Innovations". Journal of Politics and Law 10, n.º 1 (29 de diciembre de 2016): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v10n1p62.

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Biotechnology has many applications in environment (clean up or prevent its degradation), agriculture (increased efficiency and productivity), medical (new methods of treatment or new drugs) and various industries, including Oil industry (elimination of oil pollution), textile products (increasing the quality of textiles) and food industry (raising the quantity and quality of food). But there are also concerns relating to some unknown aspects, effects and consequence of biotechnology in a way that the long-term effects are not so clear on human health or on the environment in the agriculture and in the food industry on the health of consumers. For example, gene therapy and genetic drugs, can cause some genetic complications or biotechnological product may cause growth of useless or harmful like weeds resistant to pesticides and even pollute the environment by disrupting the function in agriculture. Of course to address this concern, there are some principles such as biological safety and the necessity assess the risks arising from the use of this product, and prudent use of these innovations on the domestic and international level. Ethical considerations and objections have been raised by the moralists in terms of loss of intrinsic value of life due to manipulate by biotechnology or threaten the dignity of living creatures with dominance and monopoly over them. These considerations will be strongly when we are confronted with the fact that the granting of monopoly to biotechnology can lead to the misuse of this knowledge against humans and other organisms. Of course, there are ways to prevent or address these abuses, including the abolition of the patent or parallel import of product or granting licenses to others. In addition, human rights lovers also believe that the granting of monopoly and patent to the achievements of this science is In some cases contrary to human rights So have objected to it. Like threaten the right to health and healthy food (in terms of risk to human health resulting from biotechnology. Threaten the right to work (due to market monopolization by big companies and unemployment and the gradual elimination of small farmers) and threaten the right to a healthy environment (due to possible adverse effects on the environment and biodiversity). Of course, these concerns can be reduced by international regulations such as the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. Another challenge is on how to prove damages resulting from biotech crops to the environment, people and their property and also proving the causal relationship between the biotech and damage is difficult because their harmful and unknown effects usually becomes apparent in long-term and this makes it hard to prove a causality relationship. Also in such damages, the best way of compensation (i.e. restore the former state) is difficult or impossible. Because the reproducibility of biotechnology can reduce the ability to control on extent of damage and the harmful effects. However, concerns have been reduced slightly by stipulating strict liability for the damage in international regulations.

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Champ, Martine M.-J. "Physiological Aspects of Resistant Starch and in vivo Measurements". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 87, n.º 3 (1 de mayo de 2004): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/87.3.749.

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Abstract Resistant starch (RS) is the sum of starch and products of starch degradation not absorbed in the small intestine of healthy individuals. There are a number of RS with different characteristics which may have a different fate in the colon. As a consequence, all RS should not be considered equivalent as far as physiological properties are concerned; indeed, they may have a different impact on colonic health. This statement may explain part of the apparent contradictions in the literature on RS and cancer or inflammatory disease prevention. RS is fermented in the large intestine into short-chain fatty acids and, among those, butyrate, which is recognized as the main nutrient of the colonocyte. This fermentation pattern seems to be responsible for most of the effects of RS on colonic health. Another important property is linked to its ability to lower colonic pH, which is usually considered as beneficial for mineral biovailability in the colon or cancer prevention. Due to their fate in the digestive tract, RS materials do not seem to have any significant impact on glucose absorption or metabolism. On the contrary, they may have a hypocholesterolemic effect, but available information is contradictory.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Speldewinde, Peter Christiaan. "Ecosystem health : the relationship between dryland salinity and human health". University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0127.

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Australia is experiencing widespread ecosystem degradation, including dryland salinity, erosion and vegetation loss. Approximately 1 million hectares (5.5%) of the south-west agricultural zone of Western Australia is affected by dryland salinity and is predicted to rise to 5.4 million hectares by 2050. Such degradation is associated with many environmental outcomes that may impact on human health, including a decrease in primary productivity, an increase in the number of invasive species, a decrease in the number of large trees, overall decrease in biodiversity, and an increase in dust production. The resulting degradation affects not only farm production but also farm values. This study examines the effects of such severe and widespread environmental degradation on the physical and mental health of residents. Western Australia has an extensive medical record database which links individual health records for all hospital admissions, cancer cases, births and deaths. For the 15 diseases examined in this project, the study area of the south west of Western Australia (excluding the capital city of Perth) contained 1,570,985 morbidity records and 27,627 mortality records for the 15 diseases examined in a population of approximately 460,000. Environmental data were obtained from the Western Australian Department of Agriculture?s soil and landscape mapping database. A spatial Bayesian framework was used to examine associations between these disease and environmental variables. The Bayesian model detected the confounding variables of socio-economic status and proportion of the population identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. With the inclusion of these confounders in the model, associations were found between environmental degradation (including dryland salinity) and several diseases with known environmentally-mediated triggers, including asthma, ischaemic heart disease, suicide and depression. However, once records of individuals who had been diagnosed with coexistent depression were removed from the analysis, the effect of dryland salinity was no longer statistically detectable for asthma, ischaemic heart disease or suicide, although the effects of socio-economic status and size of the Aboriginal population remained. The spatial component of this study showed an association between land degradation and human health. These results indicated that such processes are driving the degree of psychological ill-health in these populations, although it remains uncertain whether this 4 is secondary to overall coexisting rural poverty or some other environmental mechanism. To further investigate this complex issue an instrument designed to measure mental health problems in rural communities was developed. Components of the survey included possible triggers for mental health, including environmental factors. The interview was administered in a pilot study through a telephone survey of a small number of farmers in South-Western Australia. Using logistic regression a significant association between the mental health of male farmers and dryland salinity was detected. However, the sample size of the survey was too small to detect any statistically significant associations between dryland salinity and the mental health of women. The results of this study indicate that dryland salinity, as with other examples of ecosystem degradation, is associated with an increased burden of human disease.

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Zoannou, Kali-Stella. "Aspects of degradation of monoethanolamine solutions during Co2 absorption". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/18346/.

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The most common technique for carbon dioxide removal from gaseous streams is amine scrubbing, a proven technology in the oil and gas industries. The use of this route in coal fired power plants is not fully understood and the likelihood of solvent degradation is high. Decreased absorption efficiency, undesirable byproducts, the environmental impact of their disposal and increased process costs are the main consequences. In this study, two experimental rigs were designed and commissioned to explore the effects of gas composition and temperature on monoethanolamine degradation. Analytical procedures to detect and quantify its major thermal and oxidative degradation products were also developed. It became apparent early on that solvent degradation, under actual plant conditions, is a slow phenomenon, thus, it was decided to focus on thermal degradation. The present study uniquely enabled the absorption/desorption behaviour of thermally degraded solvents to be evaluated. The major thermal degradation products were quantified. After 14 full absorption/stripping cycles at the presence of 16% oxygen and 15% carbon dioxide, significant concentrations of nitrites and nitrates were detected in the samples. Thermal degradation at 160 oC for 8 weeks reduced monoethanolamine concentration by almost 95%, as evidenced by the chemical analysis, but the remaining solvent retained 22% of its capacity to remove carbon dioxide. Therefore, although not fully quantified, the requirement for monoethanolamine make-up may not be quite as serious as initially believed. There is some evidence to support that the rate of thermal degradation was enhanced as carbon dioxide loading increased and a 20% higher MEA loss was determined in the samples with the rich initial molar loading. A range of degradation products were quantified that correspond to those cited in the literature. 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone was indicated as the most stable MEA degradation product in the degraded samples at concentrations of up to 17% v/v.

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Mingotti, Nicola. "Passive environmental design for health". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709015.

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Evanshen, Brian G., C. Knight, A. Zaslow, Phillip R. Scheuerman y G. R. Lanza. "In Situ Degradation of M-Cresol in Creosote Contaminated Soil". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1992. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2892.

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Gangula, Srilatha. "Degradation of Chlorophenols in Swine Waste". TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/151.

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Naturally occurring plant derived phenols can be degraded through bacteria in swine waste. Chlorinated phenols, which are not naturally present in the environment, are toxic and generated from industrial activities as such petrochemical, pharmaceutical, plastic, rubber, pesticide, iron, steel, paper production, coal conversion, wood preserving, and cellulose bleaching. Large scale coal gasification and carbonization plants are another source of chlorinated phenols. Although not normally present in the environment, chlorinated phenols are structurally similar to many plant derived phenolics. It is our hypothesis that bacteria located in swine wastes may also have the ability to degrade chlorinated phenols. Identifying situations (and organisms) in which degradation of pollutants occurs is important field of research. Experimental work was focused on measuring the degradation of seven chlorinated phenols in swine waste using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography(GC). Microbes in the waste perform respiration or fermentation to obtain the energy they need to carry out their life processes. Fermentation is a process in which electrons are transferred from one organic substrate to another and which results in incomplete degradation of organic compounds. Anaerobic respiration is a process in which organic substrates are degraded completely to CO2, but using substances other than oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor (such as Fe(III), NO3- or SO42-). Anaerobic respiration using these alternative electron acceptors provides an easier pathway for degradation of aromatics than fermentation alone. Usually the abundance of these electron acceptors in waste is low since microbes consume them readily and thus they must be added to the mixture. Our work focused on development of methods for the quantification of chlorinated phenols in swine wastes and results of bioremediation research. In this study, chlorophenols were extracted by SPME and analysed by GC. This research project mainly focused on the anaerobic degradation of chlorophenols in swine waste. It was observed that the decreased concentration of the chlorophenols was likely due to partitioning of the chlorophenols to solids, sticking to glass bottles and by bacteria present in the swine waste. In summary, it was observed that by ANOVA and gas production analysis 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol were likely to be degraded by bacteria present in swine waste.

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Howell, Desiree Pearl. "Evaluation of surfactants for the enhancement of PCB degradation". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20746.

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Barrett, E. y Phillip R. Scheuerman. "The Effect of Cell Inoculum Level and Substrate Concentration on p- cresol Degradation". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1998. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2914.

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Otter, Robert. "Aspects of environmental public health in Portsmouth, 1764-1864". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387284.

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Black, T. E., Phillip R. Scheuerman y G. R. Lanza. "Effects of Initial Biomass Concentration on the Degradation of the Creosote Constituent m-Cresol". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1995. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2902.

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Fitzwater, Kendra K. "Assessment of environmental and public health hazards of electronic waste". Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1380100.

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Electronic waste or `e-waste' is a rapidly growing form of solid waste worldwide. The heavy metals present in various electronic components demand attention because such metals may leach and pose significant health and environmental hazards (U.S. EPA, 2007). Knowledge of the potential of heavy metal leaching from e-waste represents an important contribution for developing U.S. standards for classifying e-waste as hazardous waste. Hazardous elements which leach from a variety of electronics wastes were assessed in laboratory batch studies. Electronic components evaluated included PC cathode ray tubes, PC motherboards, PC mice, television remote controls, and cellular phones. Each component was disassembled and digested using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), EPA Method 1312, Method EA NEN 7371 (Dutch Environmental Agency), and Method DEV-S4 (Germany). The extracts were analyzed for lead, cadmium, chromium, silver, and cobalt. The TCLP consistently leached the greatest amounts of all metals; TCLP-soluble lead was extracted well beyond federal limits for several electronic devices.
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

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Libros sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Kochtcheeva, Lada. An assessment of risks and threats to human health associated with the degradation of ecosystems. [Nairobi?]: United Nations Environment Programme, 1999.

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Tainted milk: Breastmilk, feminisms, and the politics of environmental degradation. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2006.

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Fitzsimons, D. W. Conflict, war and public health. London: The Research Institute for the Study of Conflict and Terrorism, 1994.

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FitzSimmons, David W. Conflict, war, and public health. London: The Research Institute for the Study of Conflict and Terrorism, 1994.

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Institute for Social and Economic Change, ed. Population growth, natural resource degradation and environmental pollution in India. Bangalore: Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2012.

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Wargo, John. Green intelligence: Health, environmental quality, and individual freedom. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press, 2009.

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Lebel, Jean. Health: An ecosystem approach. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 2003.

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Huan jing wu ran yu shi pin an quan. Beijing: Hua xue gong ye chu ban she, 2007.

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Sohair, Mehanna y Haggar Salah el-, eds. People and pollution: Cultural constructions and social action in Egypt. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 2001.

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K, Bose S. y Roy S. K, eds. Environmental degradation of metals. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2001.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Nnamani, C. V., D. B. Adewale, H. O. Oselebe y C. J. Atkinson. "African Yam Bean the Choice for Climate Change Resilience: Need for Conservation and Policy". En African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 453–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_203.

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AbstractGlobal warming has emerged as a major challenge to development and human wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and Nigeria in particular. Periodic incidents show that this challenge will continue and increase in impact on all aspects of natural resources – agriculture, ecosystems services, biodiversity depletion, environmental degradation and human health. Recognizing the enormous potential of underutilized plant genetic resources (PGRs) is crucial as sources of solutions to a number of these threatening challenges emanating from climate change (food and nutrition insecurity, genetic erosion, loss of agro-biodiversity, green job growth and income generation) cannot be over-emphasized. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex. A. Rich) Harms., commonly known as African yam bean (AYB) belonging to the leguminous Fabaceae, is an underutilized PGR with rich portfolio which could serve as vital source of robust adaption and resilient germplasm for vulnerable local communities in Nigeria. Its substantial nutritional, environmental, cultural, social, medicinal, industrial and soil restorative potentials underpins its position as climate – smart species. Enhancing the potentials of African yam bean via robust innovative approaches for wider utilization through accelerated research, farmer seed exchanges, in-situ and ex-situ conservations, farmers selection, and policy programs such as seed sovereignty will accentuate its adaptation and used as resilient climate –smart species for the vulnerable groups in Nigeria to cushion impact of climate change.

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Schierl, Rudolf y Uta Ochmann. "Occupational Health Aspects of Platinum". En Environmental Science and Engineering, 463–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_28.

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Roebuck, Annette. "Environmental Aspects of Communication". En Rethinking Communication in Health and Social Care, 125–46. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-46495-8_6.

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Cairncross, Sandy y Richard Feachem. "Health aspects of waste use". En Environmental Health Engineering in the Tropics, 251–62. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. |Includes bibliographical references and index.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315883946-14.

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Chikanda, Abel. "Environmental Degradation in Sub-Saharan Africa". En Environment and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: Managing an Emerging Crisis, 79–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9382-1_6.

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Gürses, Ahmet, Metin Açıkyıldız, Kübra Güneş y M. Sadi Gürses. "Colorants in Health and Environmental Aspects". En SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 69–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33892-7_5.

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Balabanova, Biljana. "General Aspects of Environmental Degradation vs. Technological Development Progression". En Emerging Contaminants and Associated Treatment Technologies, 1–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66135-9_1.

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Skakkebaek, Niels E. "Trends in Male Reproductive Health. Environmental Aspects". En Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1–4. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0089-0_1.

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Bertazzi, Pier Alberto y Alessandro di Domenico. "Chemical, Environmental, and Health Aspects of the Seveso, Italy, Accident". En Dioxins and Health, 587–632. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1462-0_18.

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Brown, A. W. A. y J. O. Deom. "Summary: Health Aspects of Man-Made Lakes". En Man-Made Lakes: Their Problems and Environmental Effects, 755–64. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm017p0755.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Kamilova, E. y G. Rakhmatkariev. "Medico-ecological aspects of hydrochemistry of Uzbekistan". En Environmental Health Risk 2001. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr010121.

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Krzysik, David. "Utilization of the MK Combustion Optimization System™ to Maximize Combustion Efficiency in an Environment-First Fashion". En ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52182.

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Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions discharged into the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion prove to have adverse effects on the environment and human health. Contributing factors include the formation of acid rain, ozone, degradation of visibility, and inhalable fine particles. In addressing these problems, environmental regulations are becoming more stringent on electric utilities. Low NOx burner (LNB) technology was developed to provide a cost-effective means of complying with the NOx Reduction Program under Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990. Prior to LNB technology, standard burners were designed to rapidly mix the fuel and oxidant, producing high combustion efficiency and large quantities of NOx. Limiting the reaction rate at which the air and fuel mix, particularly during the early stages of combustion, can effectively control NOx formation; however, this rate limitation tends to diminish combustion efficiency and proves to be the compromise of LNB technology. Controlling one aspect or the other can be intuitively easy, but controlling both is challenging and trade-offs are necessary. Identifying a happy medium between the standards of yesterday and today is necessary in the optimization of coal-fired combustion. The ultimate effect will improve commercial availability in an environment-first fashion.

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Newcombe, A., A. Evangelio, P. Revilla, T. Laranjeiro y S. F. Hansen. "The environmental, social and ethical aspects of multinational corporations exploiting oil resources in Ecuador". En ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr130141.

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Melton, H. Rodger y Nina K. Springer. "Risk-Based Environmental Aspects Assessment". En SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111946-ms.

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Hinderliter, Brian y Stuart Croll. "Monte Carlo simulations of environmental degradation on polymer coatings". En NDE for Health Monitoring and Diagnostics, editado por Norbert Meyendorf, George Y. Baaklini y Bernd Michel. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.483814.

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Baralis, L., C. Cigna y M. Patrucco. "Vibration exposure of workers: considerations on some technical and interpretative aspects of the EC standards recently issued". En Environmental Health Risk 2005. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr050311.

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Oberdorster, Gunter, Juraj Ferin, Jacob Finkelstein, Raymond Baggs, D. M. Stavert y Bruce E. Lehnert. "Potential Health Hazards from Thermal Degradation Events: Particulate vs. Gas Phase Effects". En International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/921388.

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Wensky, Tobias, Lutz Winkler y Jens Friedrichs. "Environmental Influences on Engine Performance Degradation". En ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22748.

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Environmental influences have an increasing effect on the performance degradation and durability of modern aircraft engines. The study provides information on environmental effects using in-flight engine data and results of engine overhauls performed at MTU Maintenance. According to these investigations global regions are classified into erosive and anthropogenic polluted areas. Both types of regional effects significantly degrade performance and engine durability. The investigation, which is based upon the in-flight data taken from Engine Trend Monitoring (ETM), provides one approach for the estimatation of environmental effects on aircraft engine performance degradation. The results of the monitored engines provide detailed information on the environmental effects atlocal airports. The Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) that has been measured under flight conditions is compared with a calculated EGT of a calibrated fully thermodynamic gas path engine model (MOPS). Therefore, the EGT also serves as an indicator for performance degradation, increase of specific fuel consumption and the need for on-wing maintenance actions. Further information provided by the engine shop visit data at MTU Maintenance allows for an estimation of environmental influences on durability and overhaul costs. The on-wing time of maintained shop visit data is compared with a model for on-wing time calculation, whereas variations in durability were observed and analyzed under the aspects of environmental influences. Depending on the variations, corrections were made by defining the factors contributing to the classifications of environmental effects. These corrective factors provide information on reduced durability and increased operating costs. The result of the ETM performance degradation analysis shows significant variations in engine performance degradation as a result of specific regional operation. The analyses of maintenance data as well as performance degradation measured by ETM show remarkable environmental effects on engine durability and an increase in maintenance costs.

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Kovalchuk, L. A., A. E. Tarkhanova y A. A. Tarkhanov. "Some aspects of reproductive health and metabolic disturbances in pregnant women and their newborn in ecologically injurious conditions of an industrial city in the Urals". En ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND BIOMEDICINE 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr110241.

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Torabi, Farshid, Weiguo Luo y Suxin Xu. "Chemical Degradation of HPAM by Oxidization in Produced Water: Experimental Study". En SPE Americas E&P Health, Safety, Security and Environmental Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/163751-ms.

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Informes sobre el tema "Environmental degradation – Health aspects"

Thumm, W., A. Finke, B. Neumeier, B. Beck, A. Kettrup, H. Steinberger, P. D. Moskowitz y R. Chapin. Environmental and health aspects of CIS-module production, use and disposal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), diciembre de 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34355.

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Steinberger, H., W. Thumm, R. Freitag, P. D. Moskowitz y R. Chapin. Environmental and health aspects of copper-indium-diselenide thin-film photovoltaic modules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), diciembre de 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/46644.

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Van Hook, R., P. Fairchild, W. Fulkerson, A. Perry, J. Regan y G. Taylor. Environmental, health, and CFC (chlorofluorocarbons) substitution aspects of the ozone depletion issue. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), noviembre de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5293212.

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Gribok, Andrei, Sobhan Patnaik, Christian Williams, Marut Pattanaik y Raghunath Kanakala. Framework for Structural Online Health Monitoring of Aging and Degradation of Secondary Systems due to some Aspects of Erosion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1369370.

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Ahmad, Ehtisham y Hans van Rijn. The Role of Local Governments in Driving High-Quality Growth in the People’s Republic of China. Asian Development Bank, diciembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200400-2.

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Over the past 25 years, the People’s Republic of China has gone through a long period of remarkable growth, lifting millions of people out of poverty. But this focus on growth has come at a cost, particularly in terms of environmental degradation, increasing socioeconomic and spatial inequalities, and the building up of fiscal liabilities at the local government level. Under the High-Quality Growth agenda, the People’s Republic of China seeks to rebalance the economy by addressing those negative side effects, and local governments will have a key role to play in the implementation of that agenda. In this paper, some critical aspects of the fiscal and institutional environment in which local governments operate are analyzed, and proposals are offered for the strengthening of local government finances.

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Reinhardt, Sarah. From Silos to Systems: Investing in Sustainable Nutrition Science for a Healthy Future. Union of Concerned Scientists, septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2021.14270.

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Diet-related disease, climate change, and environmental degradation exact an enormous toll on human and planetary health. These challenges could be addressed in part by shifting what we eat and how we produce food, yet key questions remain about how to make such transitions effective, equitable, and sustainable. To help answer these questions, investments in “sustainable nutrition science”—research and education at the intersection of nutrition, food production, and climate and environment—are urgently needed. However, the Union of Concerned Scientists has found that US public funding for sustainable nutrition science is severely limited, totaling an estimated $16 million annually between 2016 and 2019, and recommends more than tripling that amount in response to our devastating public health and environmental crises.

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Seale, Maria, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero, R. Salter y Alicia Ruvinsky. An epigenetic modeling approach for adaptive prognostics of engineered systems. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41282.

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Prognostics and health management (PHM) frameworks are widely used in engineered systems, such as manufacturing equipment, aircraft, and vehicles, to improve reliability, maintainability, and safety. Prognostic information for impending failures and remaining useful life is essential to inform decision-making by enabling cost versus risk estimates of maintenance actions. These estimates are generally provided by physics-based or data-driven models developed on historical information. Although current models provide some predictive capabilities, the ability to represent individualized dynamic factors that affect system health is limited. To address these shortcomings, we examine the biological phenomenon of epigenetics. Epigenetics provides insight into how environmental factors affect genetic expression in an organism, providing system health information that can be useful for predictions of future state. The means by which environmental factors influence epigenetic modifications leading to observable traits can be correlated to circumstances affecting system health. In this paper, we investigate the general parallels between the biological effects of epigenetic changes on cellular DNA to the influences leading to either system degradation and compromise, or improved system health. We also review a variety of epigenetic computational models and concepts, and present a general modeling framework to support adaptive system prognostics.

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Ruiz de Gauna, Itziar, Anil Markandya, Laura Onofri, Francisco (Patxi) Greño, Javier Warman, Norma Arce, Alejandra Navarrete et al. Economic Valuation of the Ecosystem Services of the Mesoamerican Reef, and the Allocation and Distribution of these Values. Inter-American Development Bank, mayo de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003289.

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Coral reefs are one of the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth. The Mesoamerican Reef contains the largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere. However, its health is threatened, so there is a need for a management and sustainable conservation. Key to this is knowing the economic value of the ecosystem. “Mainstreaming the value of natural capital into policy decision-making is vital” The value of environmental and natural resources reflects what society is willing to pay for a good or service or to conserve natural resources. Conventional economic approaches tended to view value only in terms of the willingness to pay for raw materials and physical products generated for human production and consumption (e.g. fish, mining materials, pharmaceutical products, etc.). As recognition of the potential negative impacts of human activity on the environment became more widespread, economists began to understand that people might also be willing to pay for other reasons beyond the own current use of the service (e.g. to protect coral reefs from degradation or to know that coral reefs will remain intact in the future). As a result of this debate, Total Economic Value (TEV) became the most widely used and commonly accepted framework for classifying economic benefits of ecosystems and for trying to integrate them into decision-making. This report estimates the economic value of the following goods and services provided by the MAR's coral reefs: Tourism & Recreation, Fisheries, Shoreline protection. To our knowledge, the inclusion of non-use values in the economic valuation of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System is novel, which makes the study more comprehensive.

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