Tesis sobre el tema "Entreprises – Environnement"
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Guerny, Jacques de. "Gestion des entreprises et environnement concurrentiel". Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR1003.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the relations between companies and their environment in terms of competitors analysis. Its first part report an inquiry, made in france at the level of big and small firms, with reference to the evolution of economic concepts about global business competition. Based on this report, the second part of the thesis present an original four steps methodology to be included in the short and long range planning system of each firm. In the conclusion are opened possible steps of research to improve the matter and specially to reduce the considerable gap existing between economic theory and business management
Guyon, Thierry. "Les entreprises nationales et l'environnement". Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33033.
Texto completoKhireche-Oldache, Baya. "Les effets structurants des normes sur les entreprises : une application aux normes environnementales". Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN22001.
Texto completoRoudaut, Nolwenn. "Environnement économique et efficacité technique des entreprises en Côte d'Ivoire". Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10063.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the study of technical efficiencies of production. The analysis is based on a sample of Côte d'Ivoire firms observed in the mid-nineties. Particular attention is given to the effect of the business environment on productive efficiency, permitting the study of obstacles to the functioning of firms and the evaluation of their technical performance net of business environment effects. Following a survey of the existing literature on estimation models and techniques for estimating production frontiers, we propose two econometric applications. The first is based on parametric stochastic techniques, the second on nonparametric deterministic ones. The fianl part of the thesis proposes a study of production costs of the same firms. After a competitive model analysis, two rent sharing hypotheses are tested : between unions and firms, and between owner and manager
Girard, Julien. "L' engagement des entreprises et la protection de l'environnement". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010289.
Texto completoLima, Claudia Porto de. "Environnement de travail et satisfactions : une synthèse sur 23 entreprises brésiliennes". Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H067.
Texto completoResults from the mainly anglo-saxon studies highlighted that the principal problem of the open offices
Jamboue, Christine. "Organisation de la surveillance de l'environnement dans les entreprises françaises : essai de caractérisation des pratiques dans une optique managériale". Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32033.
Texto completoIdentifying and analysing the proceedings of french companies with regards to environmental scanning are the first purpose of this research. This work also aims at leading to a careful study of the organizational design of this activity. The literature review shows the existence of an "ideal" scanning model ; it reveals strong oppositions regarding organizational design and suggests possible extensions. The collected information bring to light some important results : scanning focalisation on environmental segments defined with multiple and different keys, frequent and organised exploitation of human sources, scarcity of use of analytical techniques. The research results also lead to elaborate a typology of scanning management and to explore diffusion of information, personalisation of the activity and proximity with documentary services. The above different developments allow us to formalize a potential influence model of managerial choices
Boullet, Daniel. "Entreprises et environnement en France de 1960 à 1990 : les chemins d'une prise de conscience". Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100066.
Texto completoPellé-Culpin, Isabelle. "Du paradoxe de la diffusion d'information environnementale par les entreprises européennes". Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090034.
Texto completoThis thesis studies the determining factors for environmental reporting by major European companies (German, British, French). In a first step of our research, we raise a paradox. Indeed, as far as environmental reporting is concerned neither legal obligations, nor instructions of neo, classical economy do exist. However, our review of literature, and a detailed content analysis of a sample of annual reports establish the existence of environmental reporting practices. The content analysis was undertaken on 81 large European companies in highly polluting industries. Beyond this newly defined paradox, we use stakeholder’s theory to explain environmental reporting. A questionnaire was used in this second step of our research. It was sent to our sample's companies. The results show a small perception of the shareholders' demand for environmental information. On the contrary, ethical stakeholders seem to have great demand, but they are not the privileged target of the companies. Finally, this research points out the high level of complexity of environmental reporting processes. It suggests the necessity of using a theoretical framework going beyond the purely economic aspects of this reporting
Barkat, Vanina. "Les entreprises multinationales et le droit de l'environnement". Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0049.
Texto completoNowadays, it's obvious that there are several meeting points between multinational firm and the environmental law. Whit that in mind, the multinational firm have included this kind of law in their economic practice. Indeed, the behaviour of those firms has changed deeply because of the environmental law and some of their etablished practice have been undermined from an economic point of view. In this way, they have to take environmental law into account because of international and local requirement, so they develope nowaday a new practice in that way. At the same time, as the multinatinal firm have more and more importance thoughout the world and they are attracted, and take part in the politic of international authorithies, they have more legal and social responsabilities. This thesis is about the way of multinational firm who have included environmental law in their economic practice, and their strategic role scene means to promote the environmental law. This survey tries to demonstrate how the integration of environmental pressure in the politic of the multinational firm legitimizes their economic activities, that's why they are leaded to promote it
Christophe, Bernard. "Comptabilité et environnement : prise en compte des activités environnementales dans les documents financiers des entreprises". Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA122004.
Texto completoBen, Rhouma Amel. "Etude des déterminants de la divulgation environnementale et sociale des entreprises françaises". Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0004.
Texto completoThe purpose of our study is to explore the evolution of the scope and patterns of corporate environmental and social disclosure of the French companies and to identify determinants likely to explain the strategies of communication of this type of information. Our study is based on three-tiered conceptual framework that weaves together three complementary perspectives: information costs and benefits, legitimacy theory and governance. We focus on annual and social reports of a sample SBF 120 French firms during three years2001, 2002 and 2003. We show that in spite of the promulgation of article 116 of law NRE of May 15, 2001, the environmental information disseminated by the French companies concerns a voluntary strategy. Environmental disclosure is measured using a coding instrument on a way that is similar to Wiseman (1982) and Cormier and Magnan (1999 and 2003) adapted to the legal and regulatory context French and taking account of the voluntary international initiative of standardization of these practices of reporting (the GRI). We study also the social aspect of the disclosure of French companies in order to explore its impact on the level of environmental reporting. Regarding the first purpose, results show that level and quality of corporate social and environmental reporting tend to converge over time. With respect to the second purpose, consistent with expectations, results show that information costs and benefits faced by capital market participants, governance and monitoring considerations as well as the need for firms to legitimise their activities all influence environmental disclosure. Moreover, the level of the social disclosure significantly assigns to the rise the level of environmental reporting
Malki, Tarik el. "Environnement des entreprises, responsabilité sociale et performance : analyse empirique dans le cas du Maroc". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX24022/document.
Texto completoThis research aims to study the potential link existing between the different environments of Moroccan manufacturing firms, external (institutional and regulatory) as well as internal (relationships with stakeholders), and their economic and financial performance measured by profitability ratios. The general context of the study is the openness of Moroccan’s borders to European’s products in 2012, and the signature of the “Advanced statute” with European Union (EU) in 2008. In consequence of this, Moroccans firms will have to compete with European firms, which will impact their competitiveness, profitability and efficiency. The investment climate (IC) can therefore play an important role. In addition to that, Moroccanfirms will have to comply with European norms in terms of sustainable development and corporate social responsibility (CSR). In the first part of our study, we aim to identify the determining factors of the IC that impact the economic and financial performance of Moroccan firm. The results show that the taxation (in term of conformity) has a positive impact on performance while the fiscal’s iniquity has a negative effect. In addition, the disloyal informal sector competition has a negative impact on firms’ performance. The regulatory environment plays a role in a sense that firm’s performance is negatively associated with firm’s activity constraints, but positively related to firm’s export administrative constraints. Our results show also non significant link with the financing. In the second part, we measure the social and environmental engagement of Moroccan’s firms based on a measure of corporate social performance (CSP) created from perceptual data. We verified then the potential link existing between this CSP measure and the financialperformance. The results show that no consensus toward a theory is emerging: the stakeholder’s theory is validated for the social dimension (relation with employees) of CSP while the “classic” theory is validated for the other dimensions (environment, etc.). At last, the social commitment of Moroccan’s firms toward their employees seems to be an important dimension of the CSR, while the other dimensions are not
Celica-Caracciolo, Carole. "Le risque environnemental : élément détreminant dans la transmission de l'installation classée en procédure collective". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32020.
Texto completoFor some now decades, environmental protection has been appearing in a domain that was never its: Business Law. It first appeared as an answer to industrial nuisances but was never considered as a major decision factor in the business world. Today, this reality has changed due to an increasing ecological collective awareness. Other reasons are less praiseworthy but so important. Environmental protection is become a factor of risk for companies called classified facilities. Thus, it couldn’t be separated from the decisions of the transmission of the economic assets, especially when it’s in a crisis which needs the start of collective proceedings. Once estimated, environmental risk will be categorized into accountable, financial and scientific values. They will influence the collective procedures, defining the participants, which will then become the new environmental protectors. These protectors will have to maintain the rules and ensure all relevant information published on environmental liabilities
Persais, Eric. "La prise en compte des paramètres écologiques par l'entreprise industrielle : approche contingente". Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT4001.
Texto completoGondran, Natacha. "Système de diffusion d'information pour encourager les PME-PMI à améliorer leurs performances environnementales". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804929.
Texto completoBardy, Jennifer. "Le concept comptable de passif environnemental, miroir du risque environnemental de l'entreprise". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR0001.
Texto completoWhether it is through the risks that the company imposes on the environment or through the risks thatweigh on it with regard to the multiplication of legal obligations aimed at protecting the environment,the company can no longer afford to ignore the environmental risk. Henceforth, the environmental riskapprehension requirement must guide the company throughout its existence. The accounting law, asmuch for its historical abilities to apprehend the risks of the company as for its quality of organizing thelanguage of the company, appears as the instrument that can help in the identification and control of theenvironmental risk. Through the concept of environmental liability, the accounting law offers, on onehand, an environmental risk reading grid that highlights most of the nuances of this risk. On the otherhand, because of the concept of environmental liability, the accounting law reveals its ability to controlthe damaging consequences that the environmental risk imposes on the company or the environment.The merits of the accounting law as regards the apprehension of the environmental risk of the companymust not however mask an original conception exclusively based on the recognition of the violations ofthe financial capital of the company. Because persisting in the path of ignorance of an environmentalcapital has the effect of restricting the apprehension of environmental risk, the refoundation of theaccounting law in the direction of the integration of an environmental capital offers to the accountinglaw the opportunity to assert itself as a branch of law which, although specific, is none the less alive andas such, capable of evolution
Guerroud, Yassine. "Trois essais sur l'éco-innovation au niveau de l'entreprise : le cas français". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ0015.
Texto completoThe idea supported in the literature for a long time was that the regulatory framework had a negative impact on the activity of firms, as well as on their prosperity. Starting from the 1990s, this vision started to change progressively and was substituted by a new approach in which the conflict between economic and ecological performance should be approached differently. More concretely, political decisions and researchers' endeavours triggered this new approach according to which neither the regulatory framework nor the reduction of pollution should involve any economic activity harming. According to this context, firms should introduce environmental innovations or eco-innovations which are, as their name suggests, innovations with less environmental negative externalities. The content of this thesis sticks with this context and aims to bring in new elements to the debate, to deepen the extant analysis related to the questions of the introduction of eco-innovation at the firm level, as well as by highlighting the French context.The first chapter of this thesis presents a theoretical and conceptual literature review on eco-innovation. This review is based on a bench of contributions in the field and aims to underline the impact of eco-innovation on firm performance, as well as the different consequences related to its activity. This review suggests that the effects of the introduction of eco-innovation can be decomposed into two separate categories: the internal effects and the external effects. First, internal effects are mainly related to employment and to the ability of firms to create more jobs, also including qualitative substitution effects based on improved qualifications. Second, external effects are related to changes in relationships across firms while complying with the environmental regulation through the transformation of the supply chain. The objective of this chapter is to develop and explain these mechanisms alongside other aspects related to eco-innovation.The second chapter includes a theoretical and an empirical analysis on the determinants of eco-innovation based on French data. Literature on the question is generally quite scarce, particularly regarding France, and almost inexistent concerning eco-organisational and eco-marketing innovations.The analysis along this chapter aims to emphasise these points, in a context marked by an increasing adoption of eco-organisational and eco-marketing innovations by firms. Results reveal a great importance of firm's reputation ahead of the introduction of all types of eco-innovation (product, process, organisation, and marketing), the importance of cost savings as well as the implementation of good environmental practices for the introduction of eco-organisational innovation, and the role of existing governmental aids and the contracts with customers for the introduction of eco-marketing innovation.Finally, the third chapter deals with the question of the impact of eco-innovation on firm growth, considering two growth indicators: employment and turnover, and analysing French data. After the presentation of a literature review, the empirical analysis is developed to analyse the impact of the introduction of eco-innovation (with no distinction in types), on both growth indicators previously explained. Following the very recent literature, multiple quantile regressions are performed given the non-linearity and the heterogeneity of firms' growth. Findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between eco-innovation and turnover growth of the top decile (10%) of the sample. Meanwhile, these results are not confirmed regarding eco-innovation and employment growth. Finally, other variables, namely patenting activity, research and development, and group ownership, are found to be important for firms' growth of the sample whatever the growth indicator used
Draetta, Maria Laura. "La modernisation écologique en milieu industriel : contribution à l'analyse de l'action environnementale des entreprises". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHESA143.
Texto completoThe focus of this thesis is the comprehension of industrial firm's engagement in ecological modernization. This thesis provide a critical analysis of two currents ideas in public opinion and scientific debates : that one of a corporate environmentalism rational but cynic and, on the opposite, that one of a real environmental culture emerging in industrial field. The thesis suggests the explication of a plurality of logics. It draws corporate environmental action as the product of presures originate within social and institutional networks (what are called the firm's organizational field), but also as the product of firms's characteristics, of their tendency to institutional isomorphism and of sensibility of some directors. Rather than to limit to market and legal logics analysis, that are the current explications provided by economical theory in order to explain ecological modernization process, the thesis suggest the notion of moral obligation, by giving a civic dimension to this process
Njime, Honoré. "Les Leviers fiscaux des opérations de financement et d'intégration par les entreprises de leur environnement". Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUEL217.
Texto completoThe search for the fiscal optimization in the integration and financing operations by firms in their environment goes through a clear and coherent action in all fiscal levers. These levers whose identification is the support points with fertilization orders or strategic maximization vectors. They are a precise knowledge of options given by fiscal law in the intended operations. As an integrant part of the decisions making equation for which the firm searchs the optimal solution, the levers identified then, can be "activated" ufstream and in the implementation of the accepted solution. The fiscal engineering linked to financing and integration operations within their environment can'not however reach efficiency only if the firm tries and controls the legal, financial and fiscal risks tied to the achievement of these operations in compliance with the subordination of the fiscal policy to the general policy of the firm
Boullet, Daniel. "Entreprises et environnement en France de 1960 à 1990 : les chemins d'une prise de conscience /". Genève : Droz, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413853673.
Texto completoErrami, Youssef. "Modes de pilotage de la performance et environnement des entreprises : quels outils pour quels contrôles?" Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU2011.
Texto completoIn this doctoral research, we analysed the works of both orientations which tried to find an alternative to the weakening of the predominant model of control. It is twenty years since the first orientation has tried to develop a "new" model of control. The second one aims at identifying the conditions of smooth running of particular types of control. We enlarged our analysis then to locate our research in its organizational frame and its environmental context. We tried through two successive studies to answer the following question of research: What modes of driving the performance of firms, for which environments? And is there difference of tools and purpose between a traditional control and a control qualified as more modern? The first study leant on a qualitative step and allowed us to offer a new typology of driving performance systems through a dynamic and historical analysis. It also led to identify a managerial problem: the weak use of control systems in some firms in difficulty. The second study rests on a quantitative methodology. Il allowed to cast light, sometimes new lights, concerning the purposes of tools included in the modern plans of control and especially the Balanced Scorecard
Vallier, Romain. "La conformité environnementale, une politique juridique au service de la performance globale de l’entreprise". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR0028.
Texto completoThe aim of the thesis consists of wondering how companies lead their legal politics to get a global performance. In other words, it will be advisable to demonstrate that environmental regulations and voluntary environmental standards which companies and States try to conform, can improve at the same time their environmental protection, their competitiveness, and to a lesser extent their social performance. This environmental compliance has taken a particular development since the big economic phenomena led by the globalization. The globalization is characterized since the 1970s by the advent of an opened market economy in which companies circulate freely from a country to another. This economy is particularly based on free trade of properties, services, technologies, capital, as well as on free circulation of companies themselves. But globalization had led to a serious environmental degradation. In order to meet these challenges as operationally as possible, countries have put regulations and voluntary standards with a view to regulating firms’ activities, that form the basis of a environmental compliance legal policy undertaken by these companies. These companies are trying to adapt to those legal mechanisms in order to better protect the environment, but also to become more competitive
Barzi, Redouane. "Perceptions des dirigeants et stratégies dans un environnement perturbé : le cas des PME marocaines de l'habillement". Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE0507.
Texto completoSaïri, Rabah. "Une forme d'approche des comportements stratégiques et de la performance des PME : Valeurs, environnement, stratégies, planification, performance". Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN11011.
Texto completoThe strategy as well as the efficiency of the smps are subjects which have focused the researcher's attention these last decades. Both this interest was translated into several approaches with different angles of studies and even different appreciation of each of the two constructs. Despite the great number of researchers, there is only little consensus of positions concerning the dimensions and factors which contribute to a better understanding of each of them. Ideological considerations are probably the root of such a disagreement. Each time the strategy is the object of a new definition, it exhibits in fact a distinct philosophy and a theoritical conception which is different, whereas researchers keep claiming to be in the same theoritical pattern. In this spirit, the field of strategy as well as the performance's one would be enriched if each other would deign to understand that the different patterns suggested in litterature don't come from the same theoritical, ideological and methodological conceptualization. As a consequence, rather than sink into controversy or filling with indignation for the paradoxe they evidence, the best is to see the complementarity of these patterns. In this spirit a satisfactory knowledge of the smes strategy requires the conjugation of the different patterns in the complementary and exchange's modes, the single way which can clarify its vast space in a satisfactory way. It is only the beginnings of such an approach in our knowledge's field. But the systemic approach can be used to improve it. In accordance with this orientation, the accepted approach in this research gives a greater place to the improvement of the different patterns which goes through the way they articulate themselves in a global approach's pattern, specifying in the same time the nature and the dynamic of the relations which are establishing between 5 complexes of variables, contributing to the knowledge of the strategy as well as the performance of the smes
Samson, Patrick. "L'entreprise entre marché et écologie". Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10207.
Texto completoToday the environment is a factor of firms' every day life. We wanted to show how firms could integrate it. For that, in our first part we studied the reasons why firms should consider the environment. In our second part, we studied how firms could integrate environment in their operations. Tree main reasons could push firms to consider the environment : more and more environmental problems, new demands from the society and the creation of new rules to protect the environment. The developping scientific knowledge led to the awareness of environmental problem and to the birth of ecology. This trend made the society awared of what was at stake with the environment and imposed new demands to the firms. The same trend applied to the economic instruments and the laws. To face an ever growing environmental reglementation, firms can choose to be outlaw, but they have to be aware of the danger of such a behaviour. So, environment is part of every level of the firm, of every stage of the product life. An investment in an environment fiendly process can lead to change the whole production process, but the environment is also a part of the firm identity. We studied a sample of industrial firms located in Brittany to shows these trends
Abbes, Nader. "L'impact du volet environnemental de la loi sur les nouvelles régulations économiques (NRE) sur le management des entreprises". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100088.
Texto completoThe State missed a long time the management relationship of economy and law with the environment. Under the increasing pressure of a national and international mobilization and due to the increase of problems involving environment, several regulatory and economic measures in favor of the environmental protection were adopted by the whole of the Western countries. Initially, the public authorities started to worry about the general state of the environment and set up legislation, which intend to fight the insufficiencies of social equity and environmental concerns. Then, in response to a regulatory step, considered to be too constraining by the private actors, the State formulate a set of economic tools, reconciling society waits and companies’ development competitiveness objectives. Lastly, with the relative effectiveness of the various regulatory economic and environmental protection instruments, known as traditional, the State gradually transferred its responsibilities to the private actors by betting on the co-regulation and self-regulation. Our empirical work concerns the law impact on the new economic regulations (NRE) on the behavior of the companies concerning environmental reporting. The narrative contents of of the CAC 40 companies reports SD/CSR, is the object of our study. Our analysis will be led by two complementary approaches: a statistical and lexical analysis and an analysis set of themes, both, carried out using a textual analysis software, “Alceste”
Hafsaoui, Aymen. "Performances de niveau applicatif en environnement filaire et sans fil". Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00669973.
Texto completoThe interest in data collected passively, measurement and analysis of traffic has increased tremendously and provides us with new ways to understand, operate and improve Networks performance. The heterogeneity of the Internet is constantly increasing, with new access technologies, new client devices and with more and more services and applications. On the other hand, the interest for the research community to measure enterprise performance has grown, due to a complexity that sometimes rivals Internet. This thesis is concerned with TCP traffic which carries the large majority of the Internet’s traffic. While analyzing the performance of TCP transfers, we focused on the connections that correspond to valid and complete transfers, from the TCP perspective. The present work deals with various aspects of the challenging task of, revisiting TCP performance, performance study and anomalies detection. We revisit most important works and discuss problems faced when we studied TCP performance. We present an overview of the impact of the application, on the TCP transfers. We compare the performance of Cellular, FTTH (Fiber To The Home) and ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) accesses. We shows that a study of classical parameters of performance analysis does not lead to a full understanding of client perceived throughput. Then, we propose and validate a method that drills down into the data transfer of each well-behaved connection. The Data time break-down approach automatically extracts the application, access, server and client behavior impacts. Our method enables to pinpoint the root cause of the performance problem, which can be either losses or some idle times during data preparation or transfer. We apply this methodology to several traces corresponding to internet and enterprise traffic. We demonstrate the existence of specific strategies to recover from losses on cellular networks that seem more efficient than what is done currently in wired networks
Nivault, Sébastien. "L'évolution du statut des entreprises locales de distribution d'́électricité et de gaz dans un environnement concurrentiel". Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT3004.
Texto completoJodoin, Emmanuelle. "L'impact sur les entreprises de la certification à la norme environnementale ISO 14001". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Buscar texto completoRadhouane, Ikram. "Analyse de l'impact des pratiques de reporting environnemental sur la performance des entreprises". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0435.
Texto completoThis doctoral research focus on the voluntary environmental information released by French firms in their annual reports and sustainability reports through five articles. The aim of this thesis is to provide better understanding of the potential benefits achieved by firms through communicated their environmental engagement to their external stakeholders. Using a sample of French listed firms belonging to the SBF 120 stock index over an eleven-year period (2001-2011), this research examines the mechanisms by which environmental reporting can influence firms’ financial performance. First, it illustrates the potential benefits for firms that report more on environmental initiatives, with regard to two important categories of stakeholders: shareholders and customers. Second, it investigates circumstances under which firms operating in environmentally sensitive industries can obtain financial benefits from the disclosure of their environmental initiatives. Our findings show that firms can reap economic benefits arising from environmental information disclosed to shareholders and customers
Reynaud, Emmanuelle. "Les déterminants du comportement de protection de l'environnement des entreprises". Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32041.
Texto completoOur research consists in identifying all of the reasons for environmental protection behavior and in proposing a classification of these behaviors. To clear up the vague theorical corpus, we conducted an exploratory study. First, we presented all of the reasons for environmental protection behavior available in the litterature. We completed this state of the art with an empirical study. This empirical study has three steps : - the identification of empirical reasons of protection thanks to the presentation of scenarios to top managers of "green" firms. - we hierarchized the empirical reasons thanks to analytic hierarchy process of saati. - finally, a typology of behaviors was proposed. This typology allowed to compare the hierarchy of the reasons with the behaviors
Abbes, Nader. "L'impact du volet environnemental de la loi sur les nouvelles régulations économiques (NRE) sur le management des entreprises". Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100088.
Texto completoThe State missed a long time the management relationship of economy and law with the environment. Under the increasing pressure of a national and international mobilization and due to the increase of problems involving environment, several regulatory and economic measures in favor of the environmental protection were adopted by the whole of the Western countries. Initially, the public authorities started to worry about the general state of the environment and set up legislation, which intend to fight the insufficiencies of social equity and environmental concerns. Then, in response to a regulatory step, considered to be too constraining by the private actors, the State formulate a set of economic tools, reconciling society waits and companies’ development competitiveness objectives. Lastly, with the relative effectiveness of the various regulatory economic and environmental protection instruments, known as traditional, the State gradually transferred its responsibilities to the private actors by betting on the co-regulation and self-regulation. Our empirical work concerns the law impact on the new economic regulations (NRE) on the behavior of the companies concerning environmental reporting. The narrative contents of of the CAC 40 companies reports SD/CSR, is the object of our study. Our analysis will be led by two complementary approaches: a statistical and lexical analysis and an analysis set of themes, both, carried out using a textual analysis software, “Alceste”
Heim, Stéphane. "La coopération dans un environnement concurrentiel : une comparaison France-Japon". Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1058.
Texto completoThis thesis analyzes the recent evolutions and roots of cooperation in the automotive sector, the discourses that support these changes and the actors’ practices of activities coordination in automotive supply chains. Since the mid-1980s, several studies converge towards an interpretation of these relationships in terms of industrial partnership, with roots to be found and inherited from Japan. However, a study of interactions at different levels of supply chains on two territories of the global automotive sector, the Great East in France and Germany and the Tokai Region in Japan, shows a remaining and strong tension between cooperation and competition. While it is undeniable that some former suppliers tended to the relational model with their clients because of the complexity of their activities, other suppliers are still struggling with choices between interdependence and autonomy. Cooperation with their clients, suppliers, and competitors appears to be a complex mechanism in which it is important to simultaneously maintain its individual position in a market of organizations and to contribute to the collective effort towards this market reproduction. This thesis puts forward the idea that, beyond the logics and choices between authority, price and trust, one may find the dynamics of participation, often forced, in this mechanism
Levet, Anne-Laure. "Impact économique des politiques environnementales : les effets sur les coûts et la compétitivité des entreprises aéronautiques". Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020008.
Texto completoPepino, Camille. "La performance en droit des affaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/181206_PEPINO_868ahiam689nbkhcn363qt196twr_TH.pdf.
Texto completoEconomic operators are facing a sharp increase in competition combined with social and environmental concerns that have become of the essence. From this observation, it seems that the performance, be it economic, social or environmental, has become an value that is part of obligations, or creates itself obligations. It will sometimes be outside the contract and imposed by the law itself. In this sense, the legislator requires that the remuneration of certain companies executives is compulsorily indexed on performance criteria. But the performance will sometimes be internal to the contract and will be an essential element for the latter. These events reflect an overall movement making it necessary to construct a legal dissertation on performance, a new reading prism that has become inevitable and particularly crucial. Despite the attractiveness of the quest for performance, the law is seeking a point of balance likely to allow economic development in the best conditions, backed by respect for the environment, natural, human, even societal. It is in this perspective that the dynamics of this study is built. It understands performance as achieving a goal, with efficient means and methods, while limiting financial losses and adverse effects. Performance is the new key to reading life in society, and business law is one of the first relays
Kwane, Bebey Giscard Léon. "Le comportement stratégique des PME dans un environnement incertain". Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0101/document.
Texto completoThis research of SMEs in France and Cameroon, shows that the strategic behavior of the company has a significant positive influence on performance. The environmental uncertainty has no direct impact on the performance, but positively moderate the relationship between strategic behavior and performance. However, the role of cultural variables is more contrasted. Some have both a direct effect on the strategic behavior variables and also play the role of moderating variables of the relationship between the strategic behavior and performance. Others are both a direct effect on performance, as they moderate the relationship between strategic behavior and performance. Results by country show no significant relationship between strategic behavior and performance. The country is not a moderator, but has a significant direct effect on performance. At the managerial and theoretical levels implications are numerous
Aissi, Ines. "Formes d’évolution de la gestion des carrières : le cas des entreprises privées, 2013-2017". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12017/document.
Texto completoThis thesis proposes an analysis of the way employees' careers evolve today. In a context marked by changes in position, employment, status or organization, careers are largely managed by the employees themselves who are made responsible of their choices of activity or career path. Indeed, the capacity of organizations to monitor employability or career paths in a sustainable manner is limited. The role they play has thus relaxed, reduced to encouraging or accompanying individual progressions. Employees are then led to react on their own, using relational networks from which they detect work opportunities, create links or develop their employability. They are therefore given more autonomy, assuming that they will have to integrate several organizations. This transformation of the object and the approaches of career management has thus led to a reversal of roles and responsibilities, thus introducing other actors as well as new organizational and individual approaches. This thesis then tries to bring a better understanding of these different dynamics that carry the professional paths. Exploratory interviews were conducted with thirty HR directors and managers and seventy employees. The aim is therefore to analyze the reality of the interactions and actors of the relationship between organizations, individuals and the institutional environment as well as career management practices in companies. These different investigations also make it possible to take seriously the question of career management’s integration in an organizational context and a more or less structuring institutional and relational framework
Maucuer, Raphaël. "Partenariats ONG-entreprise et évolution du business model de la grande entreprise. Le cas de Suez-Environnement". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871802.
Texto completoChrétien, Samuel. "La performance environnementale des entreprises et le risque de réputation : une approche axée sur le comportement". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9771.
Texto completoGiraudo, Stéphane. "L' intégration de la contrainte environnementale dans les entreprises concurrentielles : conditions et avantages des stratégies de protection de l'environnement". Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0032.
Texto completoThe aim of this doctorate is to understand how competitive companies perceive environmental goods and take them as a productive input in their economic calculation to deploy strategies of environmental protection. We began with an analysis of environmental materials and a re reading of environmental Public Policy to be aware of the different strategies set up by a company with a special view on statutory law and self regulation. We will focus on the environmental management system and will study the system of a world leader of his industrial sector and we will see how it reduces its environmental impact. We will study how an environment management system of a company is an integrated part of a global management of that compagny
Mattei, Laetitia. "La responsabilité sociétale des entreprises et la médiation". Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090038/document.
Texto completoCurrent multifaceted crises bring to light the importance of corporate responsibility in our society, thereby challenging a neoliberal tenet summarized by Milton Friedmand’s famous saying (1970): “The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits”.It is in response to these crises and thanks to the active role played by civil society who now condemns certain practices that the concept of corporate social responsibility (“CSR”) has emerged.Today’s challenge is thus to put in place a responsible marketplace between the company and its stakeholders.In the so-called Grenelle I Law, the French legislator specifies that mediation should be a toolto implement CSR.He therefore advocates the development of mediation as a procedural tool to implement CSR as an integral part of substantive law.Mediation, from both a preventive and a remedial perspective, is accordingly an instrument toimplement CSR.The CSR / mediation nexus successfully combines economic efficiency and social, societal and environmental respect
Alzahrani, Yahya. "La responsabilité sociale et environnementale des entreprises en Arabie saoudite : approche de droit international". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829090.
Texto completoBoubaker, Wided. "Eco-innovation, Performance environnementale et impact économique sur les entreprises : étude de cas des groupes Papetiers présents en France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0048.
Texto completoThis thesis seeks to demonstrate that improved Environmental Performance (EP), through the implementation of eco-innovative initiatives , positively influences Financial Performance ( FP) of a company. As basic hypothesis, we chose that of Porter ( 1991), which emphasizes the benefits of implementing environmental strategies respecting the principle of sustainable development. This hypothesis is totally opposed to the neoclassical vision that considers the costs of environmental protection as additional and excessive costs that may hamper the company's economic development. To validate our research hypothesis , we chose to test econometrically , through the method of linear regression, the relationship between EP and FP choosing as EP indicators, environmental investments and expenses (IE), the percentage of certified fiber (CF) and the "Sustainable Value"Environment indexes, relative to each of the environmental resources. These indexes are calculated using the approach "Sustainable Value" destined to evaluate the corporate sustainability and who represents an application of reasoning of classical financial analysis to environmental resources. We chose to conduct this study in a static and dynamic perspectives in order to assess the effects of EP on FP in a short and a medium term, through the evaluation of both the current effect and the one and two years delayed effect of the EP in FP. The results thus released from the econometric study provided a validation of our main research hypothesis , stating that a good EP influence positively the FP and the profitability of the Company.We note that the environmental initiatives are profitable since the first year of their implementation, except that the intensity of this profit varies according to the nature of Eco-innovation (Eco-innovation product, Eco-innovation process) and according to the characteristics of each company
Kedjar, Malia. "Essais sur les déterminants de l'éco-innovation : une application aux entreprises françaises". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC020.
Texto completoThe main objective of this thesis is to study the factors that trigger the development of eco-innovations for the case of French firms. We have addressed this question in different contexts using original data. We contribute to the empirical literature by focusing on entrepreneurial and spatial aspects. The main results show that environmental policy instruments have a different impact on the types of eco-innovations (waste treatment, renewable energy and climate change mitigation technologies) and that eco-innovations are not always profitable for firms. Hence, it is essential to adjust public policy instruments in a way to improve the profitability of eco-innovations. After carrying out a survey on French start-ups, the results of the analysis have shown that there is a diversity of profiles of eco-innovators. Indeed, firms cluster into five main profiles and exhibit different eco-innovation drivers. We have shown empirically that the different categories of eco-innovators do not have the same difficulties in accessing funds. This led us to conclude that public policies must be designed taking into account the specificity of each profile. We have also shown that the recombination of environmental and non environmental technologies and environmental political support are the main factors explaining the location of eco-innovative firms. Moreover, by applying spatial econometrics we found that there is a clear spatial dependence on their creation while the impact of knowledge spillovers is quite local
Alzahrani, Yahya. "La responsabilité sociale et environnementale des entreprises en Arabie saoudite : approche de droit international". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Avignon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AVIG2024.
Texto completoThis thesis tries to explain the various definitions of corporate social and environmental responsibility from different perspective in focusing on its legal & international sources of this definition. This study tent to decompose this social and environmental responsibility in three aspects: corporate governance – environmental regulation – labor regulation. Then from its international sources we try to measure the impact of this international regulation in Saudi Arabia in its national regulation and on the corporate
Moones, Emna. "Proposition d'une approche méthodologique d'interopérabilité multi-niveaux dans un environnement de PLM collaboratif". Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080093/document.
Texto completoOur thesis work deals with the study of interoperability in a collaborative and dynamic enterprise environment. Interoperability is considered as a key factor for collaboration that must be considered throughout the life cycle of the product. This is particularly important for collaborative enterprise networks, such as DMN, where a group of partners is connected in a chain model and where cooperation is crucial to achieve a specific goal.This context has led to the need for inter-operate a multitude of distributed, autonomous and heterogeneous information systems.Basis on a thorough analysis of the interoperability problems within the DMN, this work proposed a generic conceptual multi-level approach of interoperability. This approach relies on the use of ISA95 standard and Model Driven Engineering (MDE) method. It aims to contribute to the improvement of the interoperability of information systems during the manufacturing phase of the product in a collaborative DMN. By focusing on the three levels of interoperability, this approach ensures that information is physically exchanged (technical interoperability), is understood (semantic interoperability), and is well used to achieve the purpose for which it have been produced (organizational interoperability). The quality and effectiveness of the proposed approach were confirmed by an application on a concrete case of collaboration between ERP and MES in a DEKENZ pen manufacturing plant
Bonne, Catherine. "La participation syndicale à la gestion environnementale des entreprises : entre responsabilité et utopie. Le cas de la CFDT et la CGT (1970--2002)". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED026/document.
Texto completoThis thesis intends to highlight, thanks to a longitudinal study, a double paradox between union, management and environment. The process that has enabled unions and more precisely confederations to gain legitimacy about environmental issues since the 1970's was reconstructed based on trade-union archives. In reply to the absurdities of society and owing to the responsibility for the employees they defend, confederations set up union environmental policies. These policies, despite being irregular, are a support to activist actions to protect jobs, working conditions (health, safety) and personal life conditions of workers. Their expertise, partly outshined by other powerful actors, allows them to often be proactive with institutional decision-makers especially in order to have a legal framework favourable to a dialogue concerning the environment. That's how they participated in the creation of the first sustainable development report in 2001. Beyond the construction of a union history, this thesis contributes to the definition of the concept of participation in management and environmental management (Richard, 2012)
Ndoumbe, Berock Isaac Bernard. "Construction de la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises (RSE) dans les pays en développement : une application dans les entreprises d'exploitations forestières au Cameroun". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2017. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2017/Ndoumbe-Berock_Isaac-Bernard_2017_ED221.pdf.
Texto completoIn an uncertain environment that is also marked by a growing instability, firms try to seek a global and sustainable performance which is considered as a lever not only for longevity but also for competitive advantage (Porter and Kramer, 2006; Crane and Matten, 2004). Thus, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is perceived as a unifying topic in management science and, by its societal dimension, in the economic and social sciences. Considered as an extension to the consideration of sustainable development in its managerial implications (Brundtland report, 1987), CSR has been at the attention of a large number of researchers for several decades now, in particular for twenty years in its social, environmental and normative dimension (ISO 14000) and since the 2000’s in its societal nature.While the concept of CSR is still under debate in its rather large literature, it should also be noted that this literature is usually silent on the construction mechanisms of CSR practices and even more on the role that stakeholders play in this construction.In this context, and relying on stakeholder theory (Freeman, 1984; Oliver, 1991; Clarkson, 1995; Mitchell et al., 1997; Sethi, 1995; Rowley, 1997), the present analysis of the collected data from an eight-month-long in-depth investigation of six forestry firms in Cameroun yields several findings: First, the CSR model in Carroll (1979, 1991) is contingent to the context and the strategic CSR behaviour of the different firms in the forestry industry in Cameroun is strictly correlated to the nationality of these firms. Second, this study shows that the “field of action” variable has a non-significant effect on the strategic behaviour adopted by the firms in this forestry industry. Finally, this research also reveals that the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification represents the deposit of a voluntary commitment in terms of CSR of the forestry exploitation firms in Cameroun. The present work also opens new lines for future research focussing on the internalisation of the CSR practices by the contracting parties in strategic management of the firms that are in direct confrontation to the environmental challenges
Daimée, Monique. "Essai de modélisation du déclenchement ou du renforcement du processus d'internationalisation de la firme : le cas des entreprises de capital-risque". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010029.
Texto completoThe aim of the thesis is to explain why a venture capital firm choses to open out to foreign country or to reinforce its presence abroad. The model of internationalization is based on three articulations. The first one is the activity-differential which is the gap between what is required and what is acquired. It begins with a dissatisfaction that will generate a reaction of the venture capital fire. A failure in the skills of the venture capital firm and or in the conditions of the environment invevitably brings an inbalance of the inputs outputs or a lack of their level. The required level of the activity is a ideal combinaison of inputs and outputs which takes into account the potential of the environment and the venture capital firm. The second one is the country-diversity. The needs of the venture capital firm, which are tied with the limits of the original environment, lead the venture capital firm to an opening on foreign countries only if the country-diversity exists. The concept of country-diversity puts the differences and synergies existing between two environments forward, differences and synergies however relativised in regard to the needs and the caracteristics of the venture capital firm. The relative profil is more important that the objective one. When the environments present intrinsec limits, the country-diversity is compensatory. When the limits are relative ones, the county-diversity is synergetic. The third one is set up on the preferences and power. The rationality, which the activity-differential and the country-diversity underlie, is contested by the filter that the preferences of those who have the power constitute. The limited knowledge of the human resources, their preferences, their reluctance to change, their backgrounds can generate some negative behaviours against the solution required by the activity-differential and the country-diversity