Tesis sobre el tema "Ente locale"
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DAMASIO, RICCARDO. "Scuola ed Ente locale: complessità, governance, strumenti di policy L’esperienza genovese della Conferenza Cittadina delle Autonomie scolastiche". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/933570.
Texto completoROMANI, Nicola. "Apprendere in comune. La conoscenza: dal singolo all'organizzazione in un contesto pubblico". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/347789.
Texto completoKnowledge, in a period of globalization, is more and more important for a successful organization. Even for the Public Organizations. Nowadays, they are subjected (suffering?) pressures from two sides. For a start, they suffered because of the (togli la a) a reduction of two kinds of resources: the economics ones and the human ones, consisting in a reduction of governmental transfer and of the freeze of hirings. In the second place, they are forced to be flexible by individualization of necessity typical of our times. In order to satisfy these pressures, the Public Organizations have two possibilities: either to give up performing their fundamental functions or to use differently their resources. The First solution is dangerous because it can cause the separation between civil society and politics compromising democratic processes of our country. Choosing the second way is necessary. This research is focused on the most important govern level in our country: Local Council. According to the theoretical pattern described by Ikushiro Nonaka, this research shows which are the most important dynamics of creation and diffusion of the knowledge in the Local Council of Verona (Comune di Verona) and which remark it possible to make about the relation between individual and organization in a public context.
Guercio, Salvatore. "La rendicontazione sociale: Aziende Private e Amministrazione Pubblica a confronto. Cos'è e come si redige un Bilancio Ambientale per un Ente Locale: la sostenibilità dei Comuni dell'Unione Terre di Castelli". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Buscar texto completoLiu, Ruihua. "La diversité des pouvoirs locaux en Chine entre centralisation et autonomie dans une perspective juridique évolutive". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0300/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the diversity of local authorities in China, who are found between traditional centralizing tendency and autonomist innovative evolution. The central authorities in China still carry most of the powers of the state and overlap powerfully to local authorities. However, even if they are under the control of central authorities, local authorities have now acquired competences in multiple areas, such as economy, social sector, urban planning, culture, environment and sport. Local authorities thus represent today real centers of power that covets politicians during political events. But unlike in France, local authorities are presented in China in the context of the communist regime. However, as in France, the decentralization and deconcentration policy represents a challenge for public policy development. In this regard, the local level has changed status: it aims to become a decisive level of government corporations. This thesis is for French legal professionals and aims to explain the decentralized China also the legal and political developments which led to the current situation. Especially since the latest thirty years, that local authorities become having more and more space in the political, administrative and legal life of China. The thesis not only presents essentially the constitutional framework of decentralization in China, but also exposes the practical dimension of its operation. As are seen changes in the status of autonomous levels, their legal and political capacity and the degree of autonomy, both from the perspective of decentralization as deconcentration. The local regime in China has extremely diverse manner in both a chronological and diachronic dimension. This diversity of local authorities is demonstrated through both parts of the thesis
Romia, Sylvie. "La concurrence entre les collectivités locales : étude théorique et empirique". Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10056.
Texto completoCharmasson, Christophe. "La mutualisation des compétences et des moyens entre personnes de droit public". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10058.
Texto completoPooling is a phenomenon coming from practices of local authorities that has spread over all the other legal entities governed by public law, such as the State and administrative public establishments. These practices had led to the implementation of various plans framed by standards, by which these authorities are going the most often either to create a new institution endowed with legal personality, or to perform departmental grouping through agreements. This variety of plans encourages local relationships between all these pooled entities that are not only linked by a common objective, but also it allows making cost savings by acting together, for a common action. Thus, public authorities work for an improvement of the functioning of their services. However, some pooling plans make their organization more complex. Indeed, the protean legal nature of these plans raises implementation issues in the field. Furthermore, the changes they lead in a service organization can run up against the desire of individuals, that is to say, administrative officers and citizens, who will put them in place, or even endure them. The role of public authorities such as ministers, prefects and local elected representatives is essential in change management, but the role of the managers is all the more crucial since they act as interface between public authorities, administrative officers and citizens
DE, VITA ANTONIO. "Gli enti locali territoriali nel nuovo disegno costituzionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/101.
Texto completoThe position of the Territorial Corporate body is analyzed in the System Following the 2001 Reform Costituzionale, with reference to the aspects it is to the inherent most important characteristics to their status.
DE, VITA ANTONIO. "Gli enti locali territoriali nel nuovo disegno costituzionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/101.
Texto completoThe position of the Territorial Corporate body is analyzed in the System Following the 2001 Reform Costituzionale, with reference to the aspects it is to the inherent most important characteristics to their status.
Dauba, Caroline. "Le statut de l'élu local entre droits et contraintes". Avignon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AVIG2012.
Texto completoIn the context of elected roles, this thesis explores the issues surrounding the status of locally elected officials. Examination of accessibility and the exercise of the various elective duties reveals that the rights of elected officials have in fact hardly progressed. The question of remuneraion is at the centre of the debate. Some suggest that currently this is too high for what is in effect a voluntary role and which therefore is overly costly of local democracy. Others the majority, resent the fact that remuneration is often insufficient to compensate the loss of salaried income which arises from the sacrifice of time given over to civil duties. Caught in the cross fire, the level of remuneration is re-evaluated infrequently and all other forms of benefit deriving from the exercising compatible with carrying out normal professional duties (leave of absence, overtime, return to wor. . ), pension benefits or indeed the protection of elected officials in the carrying out of their duties. And because at the same obtaining the right talent is insufficiently rewarded, it is apparent that the total remunerative package awarded to locally elected officials in order to carry out their duties is insufficient. This package relates not only to material benefits but also institutional benefits. In fact, over and above the simple fact of carrying out duties, the question arises over the ability of all elected officials to participate in local issues. The key objective of consultative meetings, is that they are intended to guarantee the right of freedom of information and the right of participation. These rights are inalienable in the context of elected roles, and although the intention is that candidates carry out majority decisions, they seem insufficient to give elected officials the power to oppose a real issue. In parallel with the slow progression of the rights of elected officials, the constraints of office by contrast are in fact increasing. These constraints begin during the candidacy phase. In fact, in order to alleviate the legitimate concern of access to elected functions, the legislative powers have complicated electoral procedure to such a point that recourse to a legal process is more and more frequent and allows now and again a direct contradiction of the decision of the ballot fox. There fire today an electoral campaign can appear to carry certain annoyances in the eyes of the general public, the whole experience is judjed to be time-consuming, sometimes violent in terms of human relations, costly, and legally extremely complex. The problems continue of course well beyond the election itself. To be a locally elected official today means to carry out one's duties under the control of the State - a level of control that influences both actions and people. But without doubt the heaviest weight on the local official is the personal sacrifice in carrying out his duties
Calamarte-Doguet, Marie-Gabrielle. "Les collectivités territoriales à statut particulier entre autonomie et contrôle : étude comparative d'une catégorie atypique". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010274.
Texto completoBoillot-Burg, Christel. "La décentralisation coopérative : contribution à l'étude des rapports entre l'Etat et les autres personnes publiques territoriales". Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOD008.
Texto completoThe "cooperative decentralization" characterizes the system of the inner organisation which the French State opted for. Although the cooperation isn't a classic element of the theoretical definition of the decentralization but rather an element of federalism, it contributes as a principal operating direction to reinforce and preserve it from an evolution towards federalism. The cooperative decentralization knew significant historical, political and juridical hazards but its democratic legitimacy contributed to maintain its development. The juridical management which the cooperation between the State and the territorial collectivities had the advantage of, both on constitutional and legislative spheres, improved and determined its juridical maturity. The cooperation of public collectivities isn't uniform. Actually she knows different degrees or intensities depending on whether it unites the State with the territorial collectivities or more especially brings the only territorial collectivities together. This it serves their free governing in a variable way. This thesis intends to show the balance which the French cooperative decentralization reached to-day, following on the achievement of a cycle of legislative reforms and constitutional revisions in 2002 and without judging in advance its possible further evolutions
Besson, Élise. "L'encadrement constitutionnel des relations financières entre l'État et les collectivités infra-étatiques : recherche en droit comparé sur la garantie constitutionnelle de l'autonomie financière des entités territoriales". Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32086.
Texto completoFinanciel autonomy is a main component for the local governments' autonomy. In light of comparative law, this research intends to examine the various aspects of the local governments' financial autonomy as guarantee by the (French) Constitution, and protected by the Constitutional Court. This research allows for greater expansion of the vision of financial relations between the national and local governments in France, thanks to the comparison with other countries that have a system of vertical distribution of competences that is different than that of France. This research looks into the perspective of the current French system compared to the American, Spanish, Italian and other such models. This comparative perspective allows for the identification of both the convergent and divergent points between the various state governance models, and aims to highlight the working of the French guarantee for the local financial autonomy protection
Chiron, Pierre-Yves. "La jeunesse s’engage avec passion : participation et décision dans un Conseil de Jeunes, entre prises et maitrises". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100047/document.
Texto completoApproximately 3500 councils of children and youth councils take actions with local authorities inFrance today. Introduced in the 60s and 70s, this form of implication and commitment has considerablydeveloped. It became an important vehicle for the participation of the young people, a vehicle for transmissionand education in the values of the commitment, the local public service and the citizenship.Few investigations, nevertheless, went to examine, from the inside, in plenary meetings and in working groups,the way these exchanges are taking place. It is what is studied in this research.The work presented here is based on an observation, about nine months of a youth council and morespecifically a workgroup of this council. The modalities of decision, in the group Valuation, were used as a baseto a qualitative analysis. How are decisions, between the young people and the facilitators of the device, taken? What part do they have in this decision-making ? If the involved young people (students about 22 or 23 yearsold for the most part) are well registered in a role of decision by the community that hosted them, the researchshows a far more nuanced reality. The participation is evolutionary and uneven on duration. In everyday life,actors' sets, humour, weight of the institution, are shown to be important determinants of decision-making.In the end of this browsing in a universe of collective project, despite a displayed good faith, the communityseems to achieve the arrival bridge it had set. It is thus proposed to the involved young people, a relativelyrestricted space for participation, in which the demand for autonomy is not long in appearing
BIGONI, Michele. "LA GOVERNANCE DEGLI ENTI LOCALI SULLE AZIENDE DI GESTIONE DEI SERVIZI PUBBLICI. Strumenti di programmazione e controllo in ottica di gruppo". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389361.
Texto completoDuranthon, Arnaud. "Subsidiarité et collectivités territoriales : étude sur la subsidiarisation des rapports entre État et collectivités en droit public français". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10039.
Texto completoThe place subsidiarity might hold within the definition of the relationship between the State and local authorities is subject to intense academic discussion. For a long time, most academics seem to have thought of this concept as absolutely incompatible with French public law, based on the unitary form of the State, which confines the evolution of the State’s relationship with local authorities to decentralization, implying, by definition, an opposite movement than that of subsidiarity. This position has been seriously questioned by the consecration of a principle inspired by subsidiarity through the constitutional revision of 2003, which must be received as an invitation to a renewed reflection on the nature of French public law’s connection with this concept. Comparing the way law organizes relationships between the State and local authorities with the principle of subsidiarity implies the adoption of a particular position. The solution lies in an original use of subsidiarity, which, instead of being conceived in a normative manner, must be seen as a descriptive and analytical tool. The purpose is to let subsidiarity become a standard to which the evolution of the law will be confronted, rather than making it a guiding principle of the relationship between the State and local authorities. The aim is then to show that if, taken in a synchronic meaning focused solely on their definition by substantive law, certain traditional notions which govern the law of local authorities seem to oppose the development of subsidiarity, this impossibility can be countered, or at least seriously decreased, by the observation of movements these same notions experience in a diachronic perspective, thanks to which law’s irreducible tendency to take into account requirements inherent to the subsidiarity principle is revealed. This implies throwing the relationship between the State and local authorities in a conceptual approach which, even though it appears rather foreign to French substantive law’s normative structures, seems to characterize a latent and unconscious form of its evolution, in the observation of which academics could attempt to find new keys to describe substantive law which would allow to overcome the obstacles of its traditional analytical frames
Jonaidi, Salem Abdelwali. "Les collectivites locales : etude comparative entre la france et la jordanie". Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMD001.
Texto completoMost of modern societies, in their social, political and economical oganization obey one of the following prevailing systems : centralization or decentralization. The purpose of this study is to analyse the local authorities organization in jordan in order to apraise the degree of decentralization in relation to france. However, in this study, france is more a pattern of approach than a comparative reference. Actually, the two countries differ not only in their degree of development but also in their historical, political and social background. In the first instence, research has been directed towards a studyof the function and organization of both countries'local structures and necessary in order to understand the application of decentralization. Subsequently, to look into the question, of the relationship between the central and local governments in order to understand the efficiency, dinancial means of administration that are afficially acknowledged
Keh, Pauline. "Entre résistance et conformité : le paradoxe des stratégies locales de survie au sein de la multinationale : analyse historique du cas d'IBM Montpellier". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01019502.
Texto completoHenriot, Martine. "La participation des salariés à l'évaluation de l'action publique dans les collectivités locales : entre conformisation et émancipation : ethnographie d'une démarche qualité en collectivité locale". Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10019.
Texto completoTesoka, Laurent. "Les rapports entre catégories de collectivités territoriales". Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10061.
Texto completoEzzat, Mani. "Acquisition de relations entre entités nommées à partir de corpus". Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0008/document.
Texto completoNamed entities have been the topic of many researches during the 90’s. Their detection in texts has reached a high level of performance, at least for the main categories (person, organization and location). It becomes now possible to go further, toward relation between entities recognition. For instance, knowing that a text contains the words “Google” and “Youtube” can be relevant but being able to link them and detect an acquisition relation can be more interesting (Google has bought Youtube in 2006). Our work is focusing on two different aspects: to define a finer perimeter around the relation between named entities definition, with linguistic aspect in mind, and to explore new techniques that make use of linguists in order to build a relation between named entities recognition system
Presicce, Laura. "Los entes locales en la acción climática global: responsabilidades, retos y perspectivas jurídicas". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671955.
Texto completoEl cambio climático antropogénico constituye un problema global de primer orden y uno de los grandes retos del siglo XXI, también para el Derecho. Pese a su carácter global y a la necesaria acción internacional y nacional en este ámbito, la actuación de los gobiernos locales resulta también imprescindible. El papel de los municipios y de los gobiernos locales, como administraciones más próximas a los ciudadanos, es crucial en la lucha contra el cambio climático, puesto que, actualmente, más de la mitad de la población mundial vive en las ciudades y en ellas se localiza una cuota significativa del crecimiento económico, del consumo energético y de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Estos factores, unidos a los desafíos que conlleva la problemática del cambio climático, hacen del todo necesaria la corresponsabilización de los entes locales y su implicación activa en una acción climática conjunta. Bajo dichas premisas, la presente tesis doctoral se propone, investigar, por un lado, la efectividad de la integración de los entes locales en la global governance climática, y, por el otro, el margen de actuación político-administrativa de los entes locales, en lo tocante a la definición y atribución normativa de sus competencias. Las hipótesis de partida son, por ende, de una parte, la inexistencia de mecanismos jurídicos que permitan la integración efectiva de los entes locales en la acción climática conjunta y, de otra, la falta de competencias jurídicas, que imposibilita a los entes locales contribuir a la lucha conjunta contra el cambio climático.
Anthropogenic climate change is a major global problem and one of the most significant challenges of the 21st century, including for the Law. Despite its global nature and the need for international and national action in this area, the action of local governments is also essential. The role of municipalities and local governments, being the administration closest to the citizens, is crucial in the fight against climate change, since currently more than half of the world's population lives in cities and a significant share of economic growth, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are located in them. These factors, combined with the challenges posed by the issue of climate change, makes it necessary for local authorities to take co-responsibility and become actively involved in joint climate action. Against this backdrop, this doctoral research aims to investigate, on one hand, the effectiveness of the integration of local authorities in global climate governance and, on the other hand, the scope for political and administrative action by local authorities with regard to the definition and normative attribution of their competences. The starting hypothesis are, on the one hand, the lack of legal mechanisms for the effective integration of local authorities in joint climate action and, on the other hand, the lack of legal powers, which makes it impossible for local authorities to contribute to the joint fight against climate change.
Da, Rold Jacques. "Les sociétés d'économie mixte locales : acteurs et témoins des politiques urbaines territoriales : "quelle légitimité entre partenariat public privé et entreprise publique locale ,"". Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343880.
Texto completoSignoles, Aude. "Municipalités et pouvoir local dans les Territoires palestiniens : entre domination israélienne et État en formation (1993-2004)". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010266.
Texto completoClerc, François. "Les contrats d'assurance des collectivités territoriales ou la difficile conciliation entre des logiques juridiques différentes". Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOD014.
Texto completoDecentralization by transferring powers and responsibilities to local governments has created decision centers that are likely to be insured, and has led to a change in risk management. This risk management is a logical operation in the economic and insurance-time segmentation, based on the actuarial calculation that ignores the notion of equality and solidarity, common between them and puts them in a situation of contractual weakness inconsistent with the public powers that are their prerogative. The application of the public procurement code certainly organizes competition objectification procedures, but does not necessarily lead to a choice based on quality, as the specificity of insurance law limits the virtues attributed to the process of competition. Qualification criticized administrative contract procurement insurance has not reached its goal of unification of pre-contractual and contractual disputes because of the specific insurance rules and has not either restored within the contractual relationship equality between the contracting parties. Moreover, despite the expansion of recourse and in the absence of control over the content of contracts, subrogation mechanism associated with settlement agreements between insurers is almost entirely escape the settlement of disputes with local authorities. Coexistence between insurance law legislative source, administrative law still largely based on jurisprudence law, and private law thus appears to be quite difficult
Silva, Roseane Grossi. "Arranjos produtivos locais e impactos no desenvolvimento local: inter-relações entre as dimensões ambiental, cultural, econômica, espacial, institucional, política e social, em arranjos situados no Sudeste e Centro-Oeste brasileiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96132/tde-30102018-101347/.
Texto completoThe agglomerations of companies attracted the interest of researchers and policymakers, given their particularities, compared to companies not located in agglomerations, because occurred satisfactory performances by the companies participating in the agglomerations, and development in the localities where the agglomerates settle. The local development contributes to the improvement of the quality of life of the regions, by the impact generated in several dimensions, such as: spatial, cultural, political, institutional, social, economic and environmental. The cluster is a type of industrial agglomerated composed of a system of collective actions and promising results for a given region. Thus, it is an agent for the development of this locality, given its capacity to affect the dimensions of local development through actions that contribute to or inhibit in this development. The research was the purpose of studying which, and how, factors present in three clusters, situated in the Southeast and Center-West regions of Brazil, contribute or inhibit the local development of the regions in which they belong, based on the interrelations between the dimensions: environmental, cultural, economic, spatial, institutional, political and social. The specific objectives were: i) identify the actors, dimensions, and factors present in the clusters, considering the possible interference in local development; ii) allocate the factors according to the categories of analysis; iii) understand the set of factors, relationships and interactions, present between the actors/agents and the dimensions of local development; iv) understand the factors that contribute to local development; v) understand the factors that inhibit local development. The research considered a study of an applied nature, qualitative approach and descriptive. The strategy used to reach the proposed goal was the multi-case study. The techniques of data collection were interviews, non-participant observation, and documentary analysis. For the interpretation of the data, was used the content analysis according to the categories, aspects: environmental, cultural, economic, spatial, institutional, political and social. The results showed that there was local development in the three arrangements studied, but with differences of impact between the factors forming each dimension, as well as between the contribution of each dimension to local development. Several factors have both potentialized and inhibited development. The factor Cooperation, Collectivity was indicated as fundamental for the development practices, as well as the institutional dimension, for having a potential coordinator and disseminator of actions for this purpose. The economic dimension is still the one that most motivates the actions and strategies in the arrangements, and the environmental dimension has less motivation, which has greatly committed the development of the analyzed regions. It is necessary to contemplate a vision of greater involvement and cultural transformation among the agents/actors from locals. As practical suggestions, the policies (public and private) should consider aspects essential to local development, such as: the formation of the autonomy of the arrangement; the flexibility of spatial frontier to define varied problems and solutions; the long-term perspective; the innovation and the professionalism, for a broad vision, beyond the financial dimension.
Perot, Pierre. "Entre politiques publiques et action collective : l'action économique locale". Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21033.
Texto completoDécentralization opened new topics for local authorities, especially in the économic policies. However, the companies seem less and less concerned to the ressources available in their own environement. The communities, vis-à-vis this report, build general policies, turned, not towards the territory, but towards the capacity of their citizens to be more effective on the external markets. These policies, by their power as well in the political speeches as in the managérial practices of the communes, engage the communities towards other innovations, with respect to all their inhabitants and their public partners. One will seek to characterize these evolutions and their feedback on the local economic policies
Jeronimo, Gabriela Guimarães [UNESP]. "Dos saberes da roça: entre plantas, memórias e palavras". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/158259.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Le concept de définition, ainsi que la relation entre les mots et les choses sont des thèmes discutés depuis longtemps, et ne sont pas encore complètement épuisés parmi les théoriciens qui se consacrent à les étudier. A partir de la Lexicologie et de son interface avec d'autres domaines du savoir, en particulier, la Lexicographie, l'Anthropologie, l'Histoire et la Sociologie, nous proposons de mener une recherche dont les objets d’enquête sont des types particuliers de définition employés oralement par les locuteurs au fur et à mesure qu’ils décrivent les éléments de la flore. Pour la constitution du corpus oral, il a fallu, d'abord, mener des recherches sur le terrain dans sept municipalités situées dans la région sud-est de l'État de Goiás. Nous avons interviewé deux femmes et deux hommes dans chaque localité, représentant le total de vingt-huit personnes, la majorité âgée de plus de soixante ans. En plus d'appartenir, quasiment, à la même génération, un autre point commun est le fait que leur histoire de vie est traversée par la relation avec la campagne avant et après l'exode rural qui a commencé dans les terres de Goiás en 1980. Notre objectif principal est d'analyser les procédures linguistiques utilisées par les dames et messieurs dans la constitution des définitions qui font référence aux plantes de la région. Plus précisément, ce travail propose : i) de comparer les définitions faites par nos interlocuteurs avec celles enregistrées dans la base de données du Dictionnaire Historique du Brésil (DHPB), qui se compose des textes et des documents les plus variés ; ii) discuter de la relation entre le lexique, la culture et la société à partir du corpus de recherche ; iii) souligner les différences entre les savoirs des personnes interviewées et le savoir basilaire des définitions enregistrées dans la base de données de la DHPB datée du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle, et de la première décennie du XIXe siècle; iv) proposer une typologie définitionnelle qui réponde aux particularités du corpus oral. Le corpus est organisé sur la base de la proposition Begriffssystem (HALLIG ; WARTBURG, 1963), dans laquelle la séquence d'apparition des unités lexicales est basée sur la logique du locuteur, c'est-à-dire, la relation des sujets de la recherche avec les plantes est ce qui définit l’ordre dans lequel les unités lexicales sont disposées et non celle alphabétique. Quant aux procédures d'analyse, nous avons fait la comparaison entre les définitions extraites de la base de données du DHPB et celles extraites du corpus oral transcrit, où nous avons observé les similitudes dans l'utilisation des éléments paralexicographiques qui introduisent les processus de description; séparément, nous avons analysé certaines des unités lexicales qui ne sont pas enregistrées dans la base de données, afin de saisir les particularités et les subjectivités impliquées dans la construction des définitions formulées par nos interlocuteurs, les comprenant en tant que lieu où se matérialisent les savoirs et les mémoires des locuteurs qui, linguistiquement, les formulent. Enfin, sur la base des discussions théoriques que nous avons menées, notamment, Biderman (1984), Blinkstein (1938), Certeau (1998), Geertz (1997, 2008, 2009), Martin (1988), Mignolo, (2003), Murakawa (2005, 2014, 2016), Paula (2007), Pollak (1889), Rey-Debove (1984), Rey (1988), nous proposons une typologie définitionnelle qui puisse embrasser ces cas particuliers que nous appelons la « définition de seuil ».
O conceito de definição, bem como a relação entre as palavras e as coisas são temas discutidos há bastante tempo e, ainda assim, não são assuntos completamente esgotados entre os teóricos que dedicam-se a estudá-los. A partir da Lexicologia e sua interface com outros campos do saber, em especial, a Lexicografia, a Antropologia, a História e a Sociologia, propomo-nos realizar uma pesquisa cujo objeto de investigação são tipos peculiares de definição empregados oralmente pelos falantes ao descreverem elementos da flora. Para constituição do corpus oral foi necessário, primeiro, a realização da pesquisa de campo que ocorreu em sete municípios localizados na região sudeste do estado de Goiás. Entrevistamos duas mulheres e dois homens em cada lugar, somando um total de vinte e oito pessoas, a maioria com idade acima de sessenta anos. Além de pertencerem, praticamente, à mesma geração, outro ponto que têm em comum é o fato de suas histórias de vida estarem atravessadas pela relação com o campo antes e depois do êxodo rural que, nas terras goianas, iniciou-se em 1980. Nosso objetivo principal é analisar os procedimentos linguísticos utilizados pelas senhoras e senhores na constituição das definições referentes às plantas da região. Mais especificamente, este trabalho se propõe: i) comparar as definições realizadas pelos nossos interlocutores àquelas registradas no banco de dados do Dicionário Histórico do Português do Brasil (DHPB) que é constituído pelos mais variados textos e documentos; ii) discutir a relação entre léxico, cultura e sociedade a partir do corpus de pesquisa; iii) apontar diferenças entre os saberes dos entrevistados e o saber basilar das definições registradas no banco de dados do DHPB com datação localizada desde o século XVI até o XVIII, e o primeiro decênio do XIX; iv) propor uma tipologia definicional que atenda às particularidades do corpus oral. O corpus está organizado com base na proposta do Begriffssystem (HALLIG; WARTBURG, 1963), em que a sequência de aparição das unidades lexicais está pautada na lógica do falante, isto é, a relação dos sujeitos da pesquisa com as plantas é quem define a ordem em que as unidade lexicais estão dispostas e não a alfabética. Quanto os procedimentos de análise, fizemos a comparação entre as definições extraídas do banco de dados do DHPB e àquelas retiradas do corpus oral transcrito, onde observamos as semelhanças no uso dos elementos paralexicográficos que introduzem os processos de descrição; separadamente, analisamos algumas das unidades léxicas que não se encontram registradas no banco de dados, no intuito de apreender as particularidades e subjetividades envolvidas na construção das definições formuladas por nossos interlocutores, entendendo-as enquanto lugar onde se materializam os saberes e as memórias dos falantes que, linguisticamente, as formulam. Por fim, embasados pelas discussões teóricas que trouxemos, ao longo desse trabalho, especialmente, Biderman (1984), Blinkstein (1938), Certeau (1998), Geertz (1997, 2008, 2009), Martin (1988), Mignolo (2003), Murakawa (2005, 2014, 2016), Paula (2007), Pollak (1889),), Rey-Debove (1984), Rey (1988), propomos uma tipologia definicional que possa abarcar esses casos peculiares que chamamos de "definição liminar".
The concept of definition, as well as the relationship between words and things represent themes that have long been discussed, yet they are not completely exhausted among the theorists who devote themselves to studying them. From Lexicology and its interface with other fields of knowledge, in particular, Lexicography, Anthropology, History and Sociology, we propose to carry out a research whose object of investigation are peculiar types of definition used orally by the speakers in describing elements of the flora. For constitution of the oral corpus was necessary, first, the realization of field research that occurred in seven municipalities located in the southeast region of the state of Goiás. We interviewed two women and two men in each place, totaling twenty-eight people, most of them over the age of sixty. Besides belonging, practically, to the same generation, Another point they have in common is that their life histories are crossed by the relationship with the countryside before and after the rural exodus that began in the lands of Goias in 1980. Our main objective is to analyze the linguistic procedures used by the mistress and mister in the constitution of the definitions concerning the plants of the region. More specifically, this paper proposes: i ) compare the definitions made by our interlocutors with those registered in the database of the Brazilian Historical Dictionary (DHPB), which consists of the most varied texts and documents; ii ) discuss the relationship between lexicon, culture and society from the research corpus; iii) point out differences between the interviewees' knowledge and the basilar knowledge of the definitions recorded in the DHPB database with dating located from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, and the first decade of the nineteenth century; iv) propose a definitive typology that meets the particularities of the oral corpus. The corpus is organized based on the Begriffssystem proposal (HALLIG; WARTBURG, 1963), in which the sequence of appearance of the lexical units is based on the logic of the speaker, that is, the relation of the subjects of the research with the plants is who defines the order in which the lexical units are arranged and not the alphabetical one. Regarding the procedures of analysis, we compared the definitions extracted from the DHPB database and those extracted from the transcribed oral corpus, where we observe the similarities in the use of the paralexicographic elements that introduce the processes of description; separately, we analyze some of the lexical units that are not registered in the database, in order to apprehend the particularities and subjectivities involved in the construction of the definitions formulated by our interlocutors, understanding them as a place where the knowledge and memories of the speakers that linguistically formulate them materialize. Finally, based on the theoretical discussions that we have brought along this work, specially, Biderman (1984), Blinkstein (1938), Certeau (1998), Geertz (1997, 2008, 2009), Martin (1988), Mignolo , Murakawa (2005, 2014, 2016), Paula (2007), Pollak (1889), Rey-Debove (1984), Rey (1988), propose a definitional typology that can cover these peculiar cases that we call the "liminal definition".
PROEX 0487
Cornu, Jean-Yves. "Les cofinancements entre collectivités publiques : une perspective de microéconomie appliquée". Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100131.
Texto completoGrand, Florence. "Recherche sur la coopération entre les communes et les départements". Renne 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN1A001.
Texto completoLEONI, GIULIA. "Performance Management in the Intermunicipal Network Context: an Italian case study". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/299833.
Texto completoLocal Government (LG) cooperation is often identified as a tool aimed at overcoming issues linked with territorial fragmentation which can often be seen in Italy. Even though the wider focus on inter-institutional collaboration, the performance management role within this context seems to be rather scarce. This analysis is focused on the Municipal Union (MU), which is a widespread Italian cooperation model between two or more municipalities. This essay analyzes the Economia Aziendale literature with the aim to theoretically conceptualize the MU. Moreover, to better understand how collaborative performance management can be operationalized, network performance literature has been analyzed with the aim to understand PMS design, implementation, and use. This study makes use of an explanatory multiple case study. It examines eight cases of MUs in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy. Qualitative research has been carried out (document analysis and semi-structured interviews) with the aim to analyze PMS design and use, and how contextual and organizational conditions influence decision-making. The results of the analysis offer insights into the theoretical conceptualization of the MU, contextualizing it in an international panorama. It enhances the definition of the MU provided by literature in terms of LG networks, discussing the issues on governance and network management. Moreover, this essay provides a conceptual framework drawing on previous studies and performance management models, describing them with reference to LG networks, and particularly, to MUs. In terms of practical implications, the paper identifies the fundamentals for a methodologically correct PMS design for a specific context and structure, while supporting proper monitoring, decision-making, and accountability. This essay highlights how MU performance measures are usually not implemented for achieving desired network outcomes, but they are often used to monitor MUs meant as a single LG.
PORRICOLO, MATTEO. "La sicurezza sul lavoro negli Enti locali". Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/102511.
Texto completoAstolfi, Matteo <1996>. "LA PROGRAMMAZIONE DI BILANCIO NEGLI ENTI LOCALI". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17702.
Texto completoPillon, Valentina <1994>. "Gli strumenti della programmazione negli enti locali". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19555.
Texto completoBinot, Aurélie. "La conservation de la nature en Afrique centrale entre théorie et pratiques. Des espaces protégés à géométrie variable". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508990.
Texto completoFigueira, Sonia Maria de Almeida. "Entre o corpo e a alma: as inter-relações do campo sanitário com o campo religioso". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-08022018-101929/.
Texto completoThe objective of this work is to investigate the relationships between two \"cure\" spaces: the local health service and the religious institution represented here by several Pentecostal Churches. The qualitative section investigation was based on statements taken from people who attended the two \"cure\" spaces simultarieously. We concluded that the two spaces are used concurrently and understood as clearly distinct. Through the analysis of the statements it was possible to establish a series of different categories permitting to specifY peculiarities and dissimilarities between the -rational - scientific and the religious spaces when we refer to \"cure\". We have also concluded that the official systems have much to leam from \"religious systems\" especially when considering the \"welcoming\" character of the latter ones.
Fuini, Lucas Labigalini [UNESP]. "A relação entre competitividade e território no circuito das malhas do sul de Minas". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95671.
Texto completoA presente dissertação aborda, por meio de ampla revisão teórica e estudo empírico, a relação entre as noções de território e competitividade ao considerar que o sucesso das empresas na atualidade está relacionado a elementos específicos das regiões e localidades onde estão inseridas, através de seus recursos, organizações, instituições e externalidades. Para tanto, a noção de Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) se coloca como instrumento de intercâmbio entre a busca de competitividade e a base territorial da atividade econômica, articulando os atores locais em estratégias coletivas para fortalecimento da competitividade do ambiente de negócios, sendo evidente tal relação no Circuito das Malhas do sul de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de região formada por pequenos municípios especializados na produção de artigos de vestuário em pequenas malharias, produção voltada predominantemente para o mercado nacional. A hipótese aventada é que a configuração sócioprodutiva do Circuito se aproxima muito da idéia de Arranjo produtivo local em fase de consolidação por conta do aglomerado de empresas ali existentes e do arcabouço institucional que as serve. Por fim, propõe-se um estudo da competitividade territorial, abordando as estratégias concorrenciais da região para uso de recursos específicos do território, à luz das categorias principais definidoras da moderna competitividade.
The present dissertation treats, by means of ample theoretical revision and empirical study, the relationship between the notions of territory and competitiveness when considering that the economic success of the companies in the present time is related to specific elements of regional localities where they are inserted through its resources, organizations, institutions and externalities. This way, the notion of Local Productive Arrangements (APL) takes place as instrument of interchange between the search of competitiveness and the territorial base of the economic activity, articulating the local actors in common strategies for stress of business-oriented competitiveness of the environment, being latent such relationship in Minas Gerais south Circuit Tourist of Knitted clothes. This is a region formed of small cities that had been specialized in clothes production to be sold in small shops, directed specially to the national market. The hypothesis is that the partner-productive configuration of the Circuit approaches to the idea of Local Productive Arrangement in consolidation phase, for account of the accumulation of these existing companies and partner-institutional bases being settled. Finally, a study of the territorial competitiveness is considered, approaching the strategies of concurrence of the region to the use of specific resources of the territory by defining the main categories of the modern competitiveness.
Souza, Fábio Augusto Pera de. "Competição entre cooperativas de crédito e bancos em mercados locais". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18060.
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This study evaluates competition between Brazilian Cooperative Financial Institutions (CFIs) and commercial banks in local credit markets running a pooled OLS of bank interest rate as a function of CFI market share, competition and county characteristics. Database has 55920 observations regarding the four quarters of 2013. Results show no significant impact of CFI presence on bank interest rates. On the other hand, bank type and Human Development Index (HDI) are important determinants of bank rates. It is necessary to look at relationship between CFIs and banks beyond traditional literature on banking competition. Moreover, regulators should not treat them the same way for empowering population should be a main goal of government.
Este estudo analisa a competição entre cooperativas de crédito (CFIs) e bancos comerciais em mercados de crédito locais por meio de modelos MQO tendo a taxa de juros dos bancos em função da participação de mercado das CFIs, do nível de competição e de características locais. A base de dados contém as operações de cada trimestre de 2013, totalizando 55920 observações. Os resultados não mostram efeito significativo da presença de CFIs sobre as taxas dos bancos. Por outro lado, o tipo de banco e o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDHm) são importantes determinantes da taxa. É necessário analisar o relacionamento entre CFIs e bancos para além da literatura tradicional sobre concorrência bancária. Além disso, o regulador não deve tratar instituições cooperativas e bancárias da mesma forma. Finalmente, dar mais poder aos clientes do sistema financeiro deve ser uma meta fundamental do governo.
Vega, Alejandro. "Les relations intergouvernementales au Mexique : dynamiques locales et dépendance fédérale". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DENS0037.
Texto completoIn a country with strong centralist tradition where have just occurred important political and administrative changes, how the various levels of govemment articulated theirs actions ? The thesis concerns the analysis of the local intergovemmental relations in three states of Mexico (Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosi and Tabasco) during the period 2001 2006. The objective of this thesis is to question the nature of the relations of the actors belonging to various sectors (bureaucratic-political) and at various levels of government (municipal, state and federal), in the public affairs administration
Nguyen, Danh Toan. "Analyse locale du frottement entre une surface rugueuse et un élastomère". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066111.
Texto completoThe improvement of the tire performances requires a better understanding of the frictional properties of local multi-contact interface. These properties can not be studied directly by simple measurement of integrated forces all over the contact. In this context, the thesis aims to study the local friction in a contact between a rigid surface and a smooth elastomer. Based on contact imaging techniques, we are able to measure the displacement field induced by friction on the elastomer surface. This displacement is then inverted to obtain the friction law between the local shear stress and the local contact pressure at each point of the contact. We have then demonstrated the existence of large deformations in the contact region and developed a displacement - stress inversion by finite element method to take into account these deformations. This approach was first applied to the smooth contacts where we observed a shear stress independent of the local contact pressure and the nominal area of contact, which is not the case of rough interfaces. The experimental local friction law in a rough interface shows a remarkable nonlinearity even at low contact pressures. This law also indicates a tendency of interface saturation at high contact pressure. Different rough surfaces with gaussian and non-gaussian statistics nature allowed us to evaluate the sensitivity of the local friction law to the roughness details and discuss the theoretical models which are based on a purely spectral description of surfaces. The use of surfaces with well controlled roughness has helped us in identifying the contribution of the viscoelastic dissipation to the friction on a rubber surface
Volpi, Matilde <1998>. "Enti locali e terzo settore l’elaborazione dell’impresa sociale". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/22014.
Texto completoImola, Ilenia <1981>. "Enti locali e società di capitali nella gestione di servizi pubblici locali e strumentali". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7222/1/Tesidotto_def_ileniaimola.pdf.
Texto completoThe management of local public services and instrumental services used by corporations owned by local authorities is explored in view of a general reappraisal of the system within the socio-economic context has developed in the years following the global economic crisis of 2008.
Imola, Ilenia <1981>. "Enti locali e società di capitali nella gestione di servizi pubblici locali e strumentali". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7222/.
Texto completoThe management of local public services and instrumental services used by corporations owned by local authorities is explored in view of a general reappraisal of the system within the socio-economic context has developed in the years following the global economic crisis of 2008.
Huglo, Benjamin. "La contractualisation des relations entre l'Etat et les collectivités territoriales". Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020037.
Texto completoThe development of contractual technique between the State and local authorities in France is an opportunity to reflect on the evolution of their relationship. The contractualisation of relationship between the State and local governments (territorial contractualisation) has become the symbol of an unfinished decentralization, halfway between a model based on principles of the Jacobins and another model based on partnership or the idea of co-administration. Territorial contractualisation appears as anopportunity to transcend this difficulty. It is based primarily on the implementation ofsoft law techniques, as administrative agreements, even if the legal recognition is not currently accomplished. This circumstance is likely to mislead the territorial contracts for an instrument additional supervision for the benefit of the State. The territorial contractualisation is thus diverted from its original purpose : to organize the state - local government relationship in a new context. Indeed, the crisis of public finances associated with an unprecedented political and legal globalization requires a major adaptation of French institutional structures which remains the linchpin state - local government relationship. Territorial contractualisation appears to be the only tool able to absorb all of these new settings to build a state - local government relationship with the principles on which it is supposed to be based
Fernandes, Monize Arquer 1988. "Voto, partidos e contexto : uma análise da volatilidade eleitoral nos municípios brasileiros entre 2000 e 2012". [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279724.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar que o contexto local - seja ele sociodemográfico ou institucional - importa na decisão do voto. Assim, buscamos contribuir para a literatura sobre comportamento eleitoral e sobre sistema partidário. A partir de uma amostra representativa de todos os municípios brasileiros, analisamos a volatilidade eleitoral partidária e ideológica para o cargo de vereador nas eleições de 2000 a 2012. Dessa forma, colaboramos com estudos que dizem respeito tanto à organização e ao funcionamento do sistema partidário em nível local, como também àqueles que buscam compreender o que determina a decisão do eleitor, apresentando quais características contextuais são capazes de explicar sua alternância entre os diversos partidos. Os resultados comprovam a relevância das características contextuais para explicar a variação do voto
Abstract: The central aim of this research is to demonstrate that the context matters for the electoral choice. Using a sample of the Brazilian cities, we analyzed the electoral volatility of each political party and of the ideological groups of parties for city councilors in four municipal elections ¿ 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012. Our intention is to identify which variables (sociodemographic or institutional) explain vote change between two consecutive elections. In this way, we contribute to the literature about electoral behavior and about party systems. The results show that context is important to understand the dimensions of the electoral decision
Mestrado
Ciencia Politica
Mestra em Ciência Política
Amorim, Klinger de Souza. "Comparação da eficácia anestésica entre dois géis em exodontias de molares superiores: ensaio clínico randomizado". Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5879.
Texto completoIntroduction: Pain control is a constant concern for the health and local anesthetics are widely used for this purpose. The effectiveness of topical anesthetics has been greatly improved with the liposomal technology. The use of local anesthetics encapsulated in liposomes has the advantage of the slow release of the drug, prolonging duration of anesthesia and reducing toxicity to the cardiovascular system and the central nervous system.Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of topical anesthesia between gels Prilocaine 2.5% + Lidocaine 2.5% encapsulated in liposomes (GEL 1) with the formulation of Prilocaine 2.5% + Lidocaine 2.5% gel(GEL 2) in anesthesia of palatal mucosa of molars. Materials and methods: It is a triple blind study, parallel and randomized, were selected 80 individuals who required upper molar extraction. The volunteers received topical formulation according the randomization. A second researcher applied the topical formulation and carried out the extraction. During the procedure another researcher made note of the time that there was pain, when it did occur. Data were tabulated and submitted to a statistical analysis. It was considered the significance level of 5%. Results: There was statistically significant differences (Fisher exact test, p <0.0001) between the groups in relation to the success observed, and the GEL 1 group showed significantly more successful than GEL 2.In addition, there were no statistically significant differences (unpaired t test, p = 0.9486) between the groups considering the time taken for the procedure in GEL 1 group (14.1 ± 7.8 minutes) and GEL 2 (14.0 ± 6, 3 minutes), indicating that this factor does not interfere with the results. Conclusion: The association in GEL 1 was more effective than the GEL 2. The GEL 1 formulation proved to be able to anesthetize the palatal mucosa and sufficient to carry out extraction of maxillary molars.
Introdução: O controle da dor é uma preocupação constante para a área da saúde e os anestésicos locais são muito utilizados para esta finalidade. A eficácia dos anestésicos tópicos tem sido muito aprimorada com a tecnologia de lipossomas. O uso de anestésicos locais encapsulados em lipossomas tem como vantagens a liberação lenta da droga, prolongando a duração da anestesia e reduzindo a toxicidade para o sistema cardiovascular e o sistema nervoso central. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo comparar a eficácia da anestesia tópica entre os géis de Prilocaína a 2,5% + Lidocaína a 2,5% (Gel 1) encapsuladas em lipossomas com a formulação de Prilocaína a 2,5% + Lidocaína a 2,5% em gel (Gel 2), na anestesia da mucosa palatina de molares. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo triplo cego, paralelo e randomizado com 80 indivíduos que necessitavam de exodontia de molares superiores. A formulação tópica foi atribuída pela randomização, em seguida aplicada para realização da exodontia. Durante o procedimento um terceiro pesquisador cronometrou e fez nota do momento em que houve dor, quando houve. Os dados foram tabulados e enviados a um estatístico apara análise. Os dados foram submetidos a tratamento estatístico e foi considerado o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes (Exato de Fisher, p<0.0001) entre os grupos em relação ao sucesso observado, sendo que o grupo Gel 1 mostrou significativamente mais sucesso que o Gel 2. Além disso, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes (teste t não pareado, p=0.9486) entre os grupos considerando o tempo dispendido para os procedimentos no grupo Gel 1(14,1±7,8 minutos) e Gel 2(14,0±6,3 minutos), indicando que este fator não interferiu com os resultados. Conclusão: a associação da mistura de lidocaína 2,5% e Prilocaína 2,5% com lipossomos mostrou-se mais eficaz que a mistura sem associação com lipossomos. A formulação combinada aos lipossomos mostrou-se capaz de anestesiar a mucosa palatina e suficiente para realização de exodontias de molares na maxila.
Freitas, Maria Viviana de. "Análise de convergência de renda local entre países". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2614.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
A análise de convergência de renda passou nos últimos vinte anos por diversos desenvolvimentos teóricos e empíricos. Todavia, a variedade de modelos, idéias e resultados presentes na literatura são provas cabais da importância acadêmica dessa linha de pesquisa e sua notável evolução. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho investigou a hipótese de convergência condicional numa perspectiva espacial local contribuindo, dessa forma, à literatura vigente por ocasião da busca de resultados que não sejam apenas globais, mas que provêem informação sobre o coeficiente para cada país. A taxa de crescimento do produto por trabalhador é a variável dependente utilizada para 148 países no período quinquenal compreendido entre os anos 1985 e 2005. Além das variáveis explicativas “básicas” relacionadas na literatura de convergência (PIB inicial, crescimento populacional e capital físico), variáveis explicativas adicionais foram incluídas, tais como: capital humano, expectativa de vida, gastos do governo, grau de abertura ao mercado internacional e medida de distorções do mercado. Conforme classificação da WEO/FMI, há uma nítida divisão entre países desenvolvidos e países emergentes e subdesenvolvidos o que sugere a existência de regimes espaciais distintos. A heterogeneidade espacial extrema foi tratada pela estimação de regressões ponderadas geograficamente (RPG). Os resultados da Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais indicaram a presença de dependência espacial global para a taxa de crescimento do PIB por trabalhador para os 148 países amostrados, em um padrão de concentração. Os resultados econométricos indicam a presença de efeitos não-observados, sendo mais adequada a estimação por efeitos fixos. O modelo espacial global que melhor se ajusta aos dados é o modelo de defasagem espacial confirmando a hipótese de convergência a uma velocidade encontrada na ordem de 2,07% ao ano. Como esperado, o investimento em capital físico assim como em capital humano e a inserção no mercado internacional atuam positivamente sobre o crescimento econômico. Atuando de maneira oposta estão os gastos do governo e a medida de poder de paridade de compra. Além disso, constatou-se que a taxa de crescimento do país vizinho é um fator relevante do crescimento de um determinado país. Considerando os regimes espaciais, o melhor modelo espacial estimado para os países desenvolvidos foi o de erro espacial. A hipótese de convergência foi, mais uma vez, confirmada, alcançando uma velocidade de 1,92% ao ano. O investimento privado influencia de maneira substancial o desenvolvimento alcançado pelos mesmos ao contrário da atuação insignificante do governo. Quanto à heterogeneidade espacial extrema, por intermédio da estimação por regressões ponderadas geograficamente, foram verificadas diferenças significativas quando consideradas as respostas locais, específicas a cada país. O mapeamento dos resultados de velocidade de convergência local e meia-vida local demonstrou considerável concentração geográfica. Ademais, as evidências internacionais e as estimativas desta dissertação validam a hipótese de convergência teorizada pela vertente neoclássica de crescimento econômico. A velocidade de convergência de, aproximadamente, 2% ao ano parece ser, portanto, “uma constante onipresente”.
Income convergence analysis has undergone in the last twenty years several theoretical and empirical developments. However, the variety of models, ideas and results put forward in literature are a compelling evidence of the relevance of this kind of research and its notorious evolution. Within this context, this study investigated the conditional convergence hypothesis in a local perspective, thereby contributing to the current literature estimating not only global results but providing information about each country coefficient. The growth rate of GDP per worker is the dependent variable for 148 countries over a five-year period between 1985 and 2005. In addition to the “basic” explanatory variables related to convergence literature (initial GDP, population growth and physical capital), other explanatory variables were included, such as: human capital, life expectancy, government spending, international markets opening degree and market distortions measurement. According to WEO/IMF classification, there is a clear division among advanced economies and other emerging markets and developing countries. This specification suggests the existence of different spatial regimes. The extreme spatial heterogeneity was handled by Geographically Weighted Regressions estimation (GWR). The results obtained by Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis indicated spatial dependence for global growth rate of GDP per worker across 148 countries in the form of a concentration pattern. The econometric results indicate unobserved effects suggesting a better fit when fixed effects are considered in the estimation. The best global spatial model is the spatial lag model confirming the convergence hypothesis and providing an estimate of 2.07% speed per year. As expected, investment in physical capital and human capital and the international market insertion act positively on economic growth. On the contrary, government spending and purchasing power parity measurement impact negatively. Moreover, the neighbors’ economic growth rate is an important factor in growth of a particular country. As to spatial regimes, the best model for advanced economies is the error spatial model. Once again convergence hypothesis was confirmed, reaching a 1.92% speed per year. Private investment influences substantially the development attained by the advanced ones, as opposed to the insignificant role played by the government. Addressing the extreme spatial heterogeneity by means of GWR approach, significant differences were verified when considering local relationships, specific to each country. Mapping results of local speed of convergence and local half-life demonstrated considerable geographic concentration. Besides, international evidences validate the convergence proposed by neoclassical economists. The speed of convergence around 2% per year seems to be “a ubiquitous constant”.
Niel, Adriano Leite de Noronha Alves. "Entre a identidade local e a cidade global". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13560.
Texto completoDaoud, Adel. "La Traduction : un ancrage entre universel et local". Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1579.
Texto completoNdong, Ngoua Pascal. "La politique de décentralisation au Gabon (1996-2007) : entre conflits de compétences, manœuvres politiques et des populations urbaines non urbanisées : les cas de Libreville et de Médouneu". Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083989.
Texto completoLocal communities are now presented as a guarantee for better “governance” and economic, social and cultural development. With the support of international donors and the democratic revival of the 1990s, these local communities embody a new approach to the organization of local territories, benefit from new credits, and most of the governments of sub-Saharan Africa are committed to ambitious reforms in this direction. Both structural and functional in their nature, these reforms have involved so-called decentralisation policies, i. E. “the transfer or the delegation of different levels of power, by the central Government to various State institutions at the lowest level”. In Gabon, this process was started on June 6, 1996, with the promulgation of the organic law n° 15/96 relative to decentralisation. This step towards reform attempts to break with a strong tendency towards the centralisation of management devices. It thus creates the conditions for a repositioning of political actors [or not], both on the local and national levels, mobilising old and new opinion leaders, creating alliances and competitions, even when the transfers of power, in fact, amount to zero. An analysis of the text seeks to understand how the devices of the organic law n° 15/96 are apprehended, and sometimes manipulated by the various authorities involved in the ongoing process. Also, it is important to identify important points of contradiction which prevent the efficient application of the Law and to analyse the relationship between policy development and socio-political and cultural factors. Moreover, grasping the impact of the reform requires us measure the level of social and economic development it stimulated and to grasp how people participate in public spaces. Reflection on local government reform also involves an assessment of the impact of the Gabonese National Commemoration celebrations on August 17, which, since their resumption in 2002, are every year held in a different province of the country. Finally, the discussion of decentralization in Gabon leads us to ask, to what extent decentralised development cooperation could contribute to the improvement of the socio-economic structures of local Gabonese municipalities, in particular those of Libreville and Medouneu
Bigand, Karine. "L'insurrection catholique d'irlande de 1641 : entre histoire des représentations et histoire locale". Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030034.
Texto completoThe 1641 rising was the first major insurrection of the Catholic population of Ireland since the island was finally conquered in 1603. The rising started in Ulster, where British Protestants had recently settled as part of the official scheme for the plantation of the province. The 1641 rising has long been represented as a general premeditated massacre of Protestants by Catholics. This study seeks to confront the dominant representation of the insurrection with what can be known of the local history of the event. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse both the place of the rising in Irish history and its meaning as regards the colonising process it interrupted. This research is based on the exploitation of the depositions left by the victims of the rising and tries to throw a different light on the matter by focusing on the local living conditions and cross-community relations that existed before and during the insurrection