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1
Hayduk, Ulf Christoph. "Hopeful Politics: The Interregnum Utopias". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/703.
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The period of English history between the second Civil War and the Restoration opened up seemingly unlimited possibilities for shaping the country's future. The period likewise witnessed an unprecedented surge of political imagination, a development which is particularly visible in Interregnum utopianism. More than ever before, utopianism orientates itself to a hopeful and expectant reality. It is no longer fictional or contemplative. Its ambitions and fulfilment are political; there is a drive towards active political participation. Utopianism reshapes its former boundaries and reinvents itself as reality utopianism. Considering this new reality-orientated identity, the utopias of the 1650s are especially useful in providing an insight into the political imagination of this period. This thesis studies three reality utopias of the 1650s: Winstanley's The Law of Freedom, Harrington's Oceana and Hobbes's Leviathan. Each work represents a uniquely different utopian vision: Winstanley imagines an agrarian communism, Harrington revives classical republicanism, and Hobbes stresses absolute sovereignty. These three different utopian visions not only illustrate the range of the political imagination; they provide an opportunity to examine different ways to deal with the existing political and social concerns of the Interregnum and different perspectives for ideal solutions. Interregnum utopianism is shaped by the expectations and violence of the English Revolution and accordingly it is characterised by the heightened hopes and fears of its time. Despite substantial differences in the three utopias, the elemental hopes and fears expressed in these works remain similar. The hope for change and a better future is negotiated textually with a fear of anarchy and violence. In the end a compromise between opportunity and security has to be found. It is this compromise that shapes the face of Interregnum utopianism and reflects a major aspect of the post-revolutionary political imagination in England.
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Hayduk, Ulf Christoph. "Hopeful Politics: The Interregnum Utopias". University of Sydney. English, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/703.
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The period of English history between the second Civil War and the Restoration opened up seemingly unlimited possibilities for shaping the country�s future. The period likewise witnessed an unprecedented surge of political imagination, a development which is particularly visible in Interregnum utopianism. More than ever before, utopianism orientates itself to a hopeful and expectant reality. It is no longer fictional or contemplative. Its ambitions and fulfilment are political; there is a drive towards active political participation. Utopianism reshapes its former boundaries and reinvents itself as reality utopianism. Considering this new reality-orientated identity, the utopias of the 1650s are especially useful in providing an insight into the political imagination of this period. This thesis studies three reality utopias of the 1650s: Winstanley�s The Law of Freedom, Harrington�s Oceana and Hobbes�s Leviathan. Each work represents a uniquely different utopian vision: Winstanley imagines an agrarian communism, Harrington revives classical republicanism, and Hobbes stresses absolute sovereignty. These three different utopian visions not only illustrate the range of the political imagination; they provide an opportunity to examine different ways to deal with the existing political and social concerns of the Interregnum and different perspectives for ideal solutions. Interregnum utopianism is shaped by the expectations and violence of the English Revolution and accordingly it is characterised by the heightened hopes and fears of its time. Despite substantial differences in the three utopias, the elemental hopes and fears expressed in these works remain similar. The hope for change and a better future is negotiated textually with a fear of anarchy and violence. In the end a compromise between opportunity and security has to be found. It is this compromise that shapes the face of Interregnum utopianism and reflects a major aspect of the post-revolutionary political imagination in England.
3
McGruer, Ann Canavan. "Arguments for educational advancement and reform during the English Civil War and Interregnum". Thesis, Keele University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507943.
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Browell, Geoffrey Charles. "The politics of providentialism in England c1640-1660". Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322842.
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Wisdom, Sarah Page. "Ballads, Culture and Performance in England 1640-1660". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_theses/50.
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Ballads published during the English Civil Wars and Interregnum were a uniquely potent cultural medium. Ballad authors and publishers used the tools of format and genre, music, and available discourses to translate contentious topics into a form of entertainment. The addition of music to what would otherwise have been merely another form of cheap print allowed ballads to be incorporated into many parts of daily life, through oral networks as well as through print and literacy. Ballads and their music permeated all levels of society and therefore the ideas presented in ballads enjoyed a broad audience. Because any given ballad was subject to repeated performances, its meaning was recreated with each performance. Performances of ballads published in the 1640s and 1650s created a vision of an imaginary England of the past, and projected hope that this past would be restored in the future.
6
Warmington, Andrew Richard. "Civil war, interregnum and Restoration in Gloucestershire, 1640-1672". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316792.
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Jones, Isabel. "The governance of Shropshire during the Civil War and Interregnum, 1642-1660". Thesis, University of Chester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/621030.
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Often considered as an insignificant, sleepy, rural backwater, the county of Shropshire has attracted little academic interest, particularly concerning the period covering the civil war and Interregnum. Recent studies on the county have concentrated solely on the military aspect of the conflict and have not ventured into the Commonwealth and Protectorate years, nor looked at the administration and the internal politics of the shire. Yet in the first months of the war, the county was seen by Charles I as being vital to his success given its location on the Welsh border and with good transport links to the neighbouring Marcher counties. Shrewsbury was the main rallying point for the crown, and many of the local gentry flocked to the town with donations for the royal coffers. From then, up until 1645, most the county was held for the crown, until the fall of Shrewsbury in 1645 signalled an end to royalist dominance. This thesis is not an analysis of the causes of, or the actual events of, the war, as those matters are peripheral to this examination, being mentioned only briefly during the examination. It is, however, a full analysis of both county society and government, and will consider local issues, some of which had a wide-ranging effect, finances, justice and religion. But, most importantly, it will examine the personnel involved in both local and central government, how they changed over the period according to their allegiance and who was in power, and whether in the aftermath of war former royalists were welcomed back into the Commission of the Peace and other local committees to resume what they saw as being their rightful place in society. The academic study of the county is not a unique concept, having been promoted by Professor Alan Everitt in the 1960s in his study of Kent. In that research, Everitt proposed the concept of the county community, whereby the insular gentry were more interested in local affairs than national issues, and very much resented any interference from central government into what they considered was their domain. This thesis is not an attempt to try and slot Shropshire into that category, for Everitt’s argument has long been considered void. However, the basic framework of research into the county community that many academics have used in the past will be utilised to a certain extent, and the findings compared as much as possible with other neighbouring counties to try and ascertain whether there were any peculiarities within this Marcher society.
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Wood, Bethany Isobel Amy. "Combating heretics in civil war and interregnum England, 1642-1657 : parliamentarian responses to heresy". Thesis, Keele University, 2015. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/1207/.
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Puritans entered a novel position of power in the early 1640s. Their attempts to ‘combat’ heretics and further reform in the 1640s/50s were impeded by the dismantling of legal and ecclesiastical apparatus previously employed against them. Influential Presbyterians and Independents in Parliament, the Westminster Assembly, and the New Model Army, were also divided over defining orthodoxy, enforced conformity to a national Church and liberty of conscience. Chapter one addresses crucial developments in defining and punishing heresy, in the Early Church, and in England, from the first noted burning of a heretic under Henry IV up until the outbreak of Civil War. Existing fractures within Puritanism intensified as lapsed censorship produced an explosion of new or public heterodox ideas. Chapter two explores disagreements over legitimate means of reform and establishing ‘truth’, by examining the case of anti-Trinitarian Paul Best which initiated a Parliamentary Ordinance to enable execution of obstinate heretics. This legislation generated public controversy, especially in print. Chapter three addresses the significance of preaching, fasting and prayer as spiritual means to oppose heresy, and emphasis on collective national responsibility and repentance. Particular attention is paid to the Humiliation for heresy on 10 March 1647. Chapter four compares the differing political and ecclesiological contexts which produced the Heresy Ordinance and the 1650 Blasphemy Act, especially a shift from Presbyterian to Independent dominance in positions of government. The Rump settlement was predominantly shaped by a magisterial Independent vision of reform. Chapter five addresses Interregnum problems with enforcing the Blasphemy Act and upholding liberty offered in the Instrument of Government. The cases of Socinian John Biddle and Quaker James Nayler reveal fears of unrestricted definitions of heresy, and rigidly defined orthodoxy. Overall across these decades, concerns to avoid establishing precedents which could endanger the godly prevented systematic suppression of heresy and blasphemy.
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Lea-O'Mahoney, Michael James. "The navy in the English Civil War". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/4078.
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This thesis is concerned chiefly with the military role of sea power during the English Civil War. Parliament’s seizure of the Royal Navy in 1642 is examined in detail, with a discussion of the factors which led to the King’s loss of the fleet and the consequences thereafter. It is concluded that Charles I was outmanoeuvred politically, whilst Parliament’s choice to command the fleet, the Earl of Warwick, far surpassed him in popularity with the common seamen. The thesis then considers the advantages which control of the Navy provided for Parliament throughout the war, determining that the fleet’s protection of London, its ability to supply besieged outposts and its logistical support to Parliamentarian land forces was instrumental in preventing a Royalist victory. Furthermore, it is concluded that Warwick’s astute leadership went some way towards offsetting Parliament’s sporadic neglect of the Navy. The thesis demonstrates, however, that Parliament failed to establish the unchallenged command of the seas around the British Isles. This was because of the Royalists’ widespread privateering operations, aided in large part by the King’s capture of key ports in 1643, such as Dartmouth and Bristol. The Navy was able to block many, but not all, of the King’s arms shipments from abroad, thus permitting Charles to supply his armies in England. Close attention is paid to the Royalist shipping which landed reinforcements from Ireland in 1643-44. The King’s defeat in the First Civil War is then discussed, with the New Model Army, and greater resources, cited as the key factors behind Parliament’s victory, with recognition that the Navy provided essential support. Finally, the revolt of the fleet in 1648 is examined. It is concluded that the increasing radicalism of Parliament alienated a substantial section of the Navy, but that the Royalists failed to capitalise on their new-found maritime strength.
10
Loxley, James William Stanislas. "Royalist poetry in the English Civil War". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319509.
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Boniteau, Adrien. "De la résistance aux révolutions : réception, adatation et intégration des thèses monarchomaques dans le débat théologio-politique anglais : (années 1580-années 1720)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAK005.
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Les monarchomaques désignent les auteurs protestants, français et écossais, du XVIe siècle qui justifient un droit de résistance institutionnelle à la tyrannie. La thèse analyse la réception et l’interprétation des idées monarchomaques en Angleterre. Les arguments monarchomaques connaissent d’abord une première pénétration, relativement marginale, dans le débat théologique et politique anglais entre les années 1580 et 1630. Le début de la révolution anglaise suscite en revanche une véritable explosion des usages des thèses monarchomaques durant les années 1640, à tel point qu’il est possible de parler de moment monarchomaque pour désigner la période. Entre 1649 et 1660, les idées monarchomaques sont intégrées à l’argumentaire du nouveau régime, le Commonwealth, et sont l’objet de diverses tentatives d’institutionnalisation. Enfin, le recours au précédent monarchomaque se modère entre 1660 et les années 1720The Monarchomachs refer to sixteenth-century French and Scottish Protestant writers who justified a right of institutional resistance to tyranny. The PhD thesis analyses the reception and interpretation of Monarchomach ideas in England. Monarchomach arguments first made relatively marginal inroads into the English theological and political debate between the 1580s and the 1630s. However, the onset of the English Civil War implies a dramatic explosion of the uses of Monarchomach theses during the 1640s, to the extent that the period could be referred to as the Monarchomach moment. Between 1649 and 1660, Monarchomach ideas were integrated into the argument of the new regime, the Commonwealth, and were subject to various institutionalisation attempts. Finally, appeal to the Monarchomach precedent moderated between 1660 and the 1720s
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Robinson, Gavin. "Horse supply in the English Civil War 1642-1646". Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343177.
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Kelly, Charles John. "English-speaking war correspondents of the Spanish Civil War : why was objectivity impossible?" Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2145.
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Clear Blue Waters of the Danube was planned and drafted from October 2007 to December 2012. It is written from the perspective of Daniel Rourke, a young man whose life is changed forever by the arrival into the family home of Marija Kovač, a Croatian refugee. The wars leading to the break-up of Yugoslavia, notably the Croatian War of Independence from 1990-5 and the Bosnian Civil War from 1992-5, provide the novel's historical background. Preparation included interviews with conflict survivors, witnesses, soldiers who fought in the war, and those who were children during the fighting. Research visits to Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina took place during the summers of 2008 and 2009. I also drew upon conversations with former Yugoslav refugees from my time working in London during the 1990s and early 2000s. Other information was selected from biographies, historical records, documentary films, diaries and reports by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Although the novel notes the key moments of Yugoslavia's violent break-up, Clear Blue Waters of the Danube is not a political thriller. It follows a young man on a journey of self-discovery that takes him away from the family home, first to London, then across the Balkans. By establishing the truth about terrible incidents from the past, he comes to a greater understanding about himself and his previous behaviour. More importantly he is able to re-evaluate the relationship with his father that lies at the heart of everything he does, and in whose shadow he has always lived. The question of whether a writer is truly able to separate himself from his/her subject matter is investigated in greater depth throughout my critical project. Planned between October 2007 and June 2008 then written over the following two years, the perspectives of English-speaking war correspondents during the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939 are examined. Newspaper articles, memoirs, biographies and films are scrutinised. Although the allegiances of British newspapers were split more or less evenly, the majority of writers and reporters supported the Republican effort and invested huge amounts of personal feeling into their work. For a war fought over such contrasting values, a degree of bias was perhaps inevitable. As I began my research, my aim was to investigate to what extent objectivity in such circumstances was even possible. If news reports bore the hallmarks of fiction, what then of the Spanish Civil War novel? The final part of the project deals with Ernest Hemingway and For Whom the Bell Tolls. As a journalist, Hemingway had engaged in propaganda on behalf of the Republic and readily accepted the weak evidence behind the denunciation of Republican dissidents. Following the war‟s conclusion, he returned to Cuba to write his novel of the Spanish Civil War, For Whom the Bell Tolls. Ironically having written newspaper reports to spread misinformation, he elected to use the form of a novel to reveal his version of what had actually happened. Can fiction reveal the 'truth' about events when supposedly non-fiction texts cannot? My thesis asks fundamental questions about why we write and what we choose to write about. Can any writer truly separate him/herself from the subject matter? Can our understanding ever be full and free from bias and prejudice? Or do a writer's values permeate the work to the extent that, whether a newspaper article or a novel is written, genuine objectivity becomes impossible? Is the quest for objectivity a desirable or realistic aspiration?
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Campbell, D. A. "English public opinion and the American Civil War : a reconsideration". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597254.
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One nation which paid particular attention to the American Civil War was Great Britain. Sharing a common language, important trade links, and having its largest colony border the United States, the British were, not unnaturally, close observers of the conflict. They were also very nearly participants when, in December 1861, the Union violated international law during the Trent Affair. Despite this, and other disputes over the rights of neutrals, such as the purchase and/or building of Southern sea-raiders such as the Alabama and Northern raids into Canada, Britain neither recognised the Confederacy, nor directly intervened in the war. Nonetheless, when the conflict ended, both former antagonists condemned Britain for allegedly sympathising with the other side. This thesis examines the nature of this sympathy, not from the diplomatic approach, which has already been well-researched, but from that of English public opinion. This latter area remains controversial. There exists a traditional interpretation which, simply put, divides English sentiment between progression on the side of the Union, and reaction on the side of the Confederacy. In response to this has arisen a revisionist approach which openly questions whether English opinion can be so easily divided and has challenged certain aspects and arguments of the traditional interpretation. Despite the revisionists, however, the most recent studies on the subject have largely resurrected the traditional view of English sentiment and the American Civil War. This thesis posits that the revisionist approach, far from over-correcting the traditional interpretation, has in fact been too mild a challenge. That English public opinion was not, in fact, split between two such opposing camps; that most in England were suspicious of both sides in the conflict, and that even each side's partisans were not entirely composed of any one particular social or political group.
15
Macadam, Angela Elizabeth Joyce. "'Mercurius Britanicus' : journalism and politics in the English civil war". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429731.
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Ellis, John Edward Kirkham. "Military intelligence operations during the first English Civil War 1642-1646". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/361576/.
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Rosenbaum, Eve Esther. "Bringing daylight with them: American writers and Civil War Washington". Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5990.
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Bringing Daylight with Them: American Writers and Civil War Washington explores the capital during wartime, a city remade by the thousands of new residents and visitors searching for government jobs, for their loved ones in the city's numerous military hospitals, or for a place to escape the bonds of Southern slavery. Among those who made their new homes in the city were writers - poets, novelists, journalists, editors - who then wrote about their experiences and their new city in ways that helped readers see for themselves what Washington was like during the Civil War. This project examines three of those writers - Elizabeth Keckley, Lois Bryan Adams, and Walt Whitman - who produced drastically different takes on the capital and their places in it. For Keckley, a former slave turned dressmaker to Washington's most fashionable women, including Mary Todd Lincoln, the capital was a labyrinth of power and influence. Learning to navigate it was vital to her status as a business woman in the growing free Black community. Adams, a Michigan poet and journalist, was a correspondent for a Detroit newspaper and a clerk in the Department of Agriculture. Her weekly "Letter from Washington" captured the movement and flow of a city made riotous, while coming to terms with the sacrifices of war and questioning a government's responsibility to its citizens during wartime. While so many writers represented Washington as a temporary space for themselves, as it was for so many who found themselves in the capital during the Civil War, Whitman lived there for nearly a decade, experiencing both the rush of war and what came after. Through a study of his poetry and prose, Washington emerges as not just the government seat but ultimately as a place of personal and professional fulfillment. Bringing Daylight with Them reads both the texts of wartime Washington and the city itself to understand how writers built the capital in the public's imagination.
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De, Groot Jerome Edward Gerard. "The Royalist reader in the English Revolution". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/535.
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This thesis offers an interpretation of Royalist literature of the first civil war. It particularly addresses the importance of spatial metaphors and material realities to loyalist notions of identity and meaning.I illustrate how royalist space was predicated upon scientific and mathematical notions of authority and hierarchy, and how this sense of 'absolute space' inflected royalist conceptions of a variety of other locations: gender, society, language, the public. The thesis traces how Charles attempted to use economic, political and juridical measures to create a context in which he could impose certain sociospatial relations and structures of identity. Proclamations and royal protocols polemically reconfigured the institutional life of the country. Licensing of the presses provided a controlled textual mediation of information and fostered particular definitions of national identity. Against this background discourse Charles and his court created a model of Royalism which inflected and created social relations and in particular notions of allegiance. Modes of behaviour that seemed outside the bounds of institutionally and socially defined normality were caricatured as external, alien and other. The model of Royalism I postulate throws into new relief studies of Parliamentary texts, and restructures our thinking about allegiance, text and identity during the Civil War period. My thesis falls into two sections. The opening two chapters establish the material contexts and constraints of publication during the war. Chapter one looks in depth at the relocation of the court within the city of Oxford, considering the institutional and political manifestations of this movement. Chapter two analyses censorship and licensing, circulation and the status of text. The second part of the thesis considers a wide variety of texts published at Oxford, considering specific modes (panegyric, elegy) and forms (speeches, satires, epic, topographical verse). These works are analysed by reference to the contexts outlined in the opening section. By considering tracts, newsbooks, sermons, institutional reform, painting, poetry, hitherto unconsidered manuscript material, political theory, translation and linguistic textbooks I contextualise in depth and further our understanding of Royalist culture.
19
Du, Bon-Atmai Evelyn. "Competing Models of Hegemonic Masculinity in English Civil War Memoirs by Women". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc848084/.
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This thesis examines the descriptions of Royalist and Parliamentarian masculinity in English Civil War memoirs by women through a close reading of three biographical memoirs written by Margaret Cavendish, duchess of Newcastle; Lady Ann Fanshawe; and Lucy Hutchinson. Descriptions of masculinity are evaluated through the lens of Raewyn Connell's theory of hegemonic masculinity to understand the impact two competing models of masculinity had on the social and political culture of the period. The prevailing Parliamentarian hegemonic masculinity in English Civil War memoirs is traced to its origins before the English Civil War to demonstrate how hegemonic masculinity changes over time. The thesis argues that these memoirs provide evidence of two competing models of Royalist and Parliamentarian masculinities during the Civil War that date back to changes in the Puritan meaning of the phrase “man of merit”, which influenced the development of a Parliamentarian model of masculinity.
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Stoyle, Mark. "Loyalty and locality : popular allegiance in Devon during the English Civil War /". Exeter (GB) : University of Exeter press, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36181873p.
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Worley, Katherine E. "Reason sways them: Masculinity and political authority in the English Civil War". View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318372.
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Di, Mario Anna Maria. "What Remains and The failure of idealism in the Spanish Civil War". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4344/.
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This thesis consists of two parts: a creative work and a reader’s companion to the novel which reflects on the process of research. The creative work is a novel entitled What Remains. Set during the Spanish civil war, it has a twin narrative structure, and through alternating chapters follows the fortunes of Michael, a Scottish volunteer fighting with the International Brigades, and Ana, a Spanish woman in Nationalist territory whose husband is fighting for the Republicans. At the start of the novel Michael volunteers to fight in the conflict and the narrative follows his progress through a year and eight months of fighting for the Republic and examines how the harsh realities of war affect his political beliefs. Ana discovers her husband has been captured by the Nationalists and makes a Faustian pact with a Nationalist captain to get her husband out of prison and back home. What Remains is an exploration of how war affects the soldier and the civilian, how they are desensitised and ultimately dehumanised by their environment. The reader’s companion is titled Faith and doubt: The failure of idealism in the Spanish civil war and is intended as an illumination of the process of researching and writing a historical novel. It guides the reader through the historical research, the texts utilised by the writer and the broader themes and contradictions of the war as discovered through the reading of nonfiction and creative works.
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Fielding, John. "Conformists, puritans and the church courts : the diocese of Peterborough, 1603-1642". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313470.
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Evans, David Sidney. "The Civil War career of Major-General Edward Massey (1642-1647)". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1995. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-civil-war-career-of-majorgeneral-edward-massey-16421647(479e0416-3025-4c0f-8b45-2eb7936427e0).html.
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Gurney, John. "The county of Surrey and the English Revolution". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364693.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a study of political conflict and local-national relations during the English Revolution, in the context of the county of Surrey, a county in which a moderate parliamentarian administration was able to survive until 1649. The thesis concentrates in particular on political developments in the period from 1640 to 1653. The character of local society in Surrey before 1640 is examined in Chapter One, as are relations between the Surrey gentry and the government of Charles I. The importance of localism is emphasised, despite the cosmopolitan nature of society in the county. Political and religious developments in Surrey between the autumn of 1640 and the, end of 1642 are examined in Chapter Three; Chapter Four provides a study of patterns of civil war allegiance in the county. In Chapters Five and Six, political conflicts from 1642 to 1646 are studied, and in particular the campaign to remove Sir Richard Onslow and his associates from their dominant position in local administration. It is argued that parliament's sensitivity to localism helped to ensure Onslow's political survival during the 1640's. The Surrey petitioning movement of 1648, the Earl of Holland's rising, and local reactions to the establishment of the Commonwealth in 1649, are discussed in Chapter Six, The final chapter provides a study of the Surrey Digger movement, and of social conflict in the county during the civil war and after. Although it is clear that the Diggers met with considerable opposition in Walton, it is suggested that there was some sympathy for them in Cobham, and that they should not be dismissed as outsiders in that parish.
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Rakoczy, Lila. "Archaeology of destruction : a reinterpretation of castle slightings in the English Civil War". Thesis, University of York, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11092/.
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This thesis addresses the archaeology of destruction and the challenges and opportunities it presents to archaeologists. It primarily focuses on the recording, analysis, and interpretation of destroyed buildings, and how the overall life cycle of these buildings affects our understanding of the destruction evidence. At its core are two fundamental arguments. The first is that the deliberate destruction of a society's material culture is a complex social phenomenon with a variety of causes and effects, all of which deserve to be examined closely by the archaeological community. The second is that the methodological challenges posed are so complex that they require a multidisciplinary approach utilising a range of subjects including-but not limited to-history, structural and explosives engineering, building construction, and conservation. These themes are explored by looking at one particularly misunderstood type of destruction: the slighting of castles in the English Civil War, specifically between 1642 and 1660. While the word 'slighting' is generally used as a synonym for destruction, its application to castles has been problematic as interpretations of what this means vary widely. In the absence of a universally recognised definition, this thesis has provided one: the non-siege, intentional damage during times of war of high status buildings, their surrounding landscape or works, and/or their contents and features. In the course of expanding the definition of slighting, several common assumptions regarding the motivation for slighting are challenged. The most prevalent is that slighting was simply a fiscal and military policy by Parliament to save money and 'deny use to the enemy'. Instead, other social, religious, and political factors are shown to be equally if not more significant causes for destruction, including local rivalries, social climbing, gender tensions, property speculating, and religious turmoil. The conclusion is that communities both benefited and suffered from slighting, and played active roles in instigating, stopping, and interacting with the destruction in their midst.
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Gladwish, Paul Norman. "The sales of confiscated properties after the English Civil War in five counties". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272015.
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Saunders, James Benedict John. "English cathedral choirs and choirmen, 1558 to the Civil War : an occupational study". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271956.
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Chakravarty, Prasanta. ""Like parchment in the fire" : literature and radicalism in the English Civil war /". New York : Routledge, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401679540.
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Worton, Jonathan. "The Royalist and Parliamentarian war effort in Shropshire during the First and Second English Civil Wars, 1642-1648". Thesis, University of Chester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/612966.
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Addressing the military organisation of both Royalists and Parliamentarians, the subject of this thesis is an examination of war effort during the mid-seventeenth century English Civil Wars by taking the example of Shropshire. The county was contested during the First Civil War of 1642-6 and also saw armed conflict on a smaller scale during the Second Civil War of 1648. This detailed study provides a comprehensive bipartisan analysis of military endeavour, in terms of organisation and of the engagements fought. Drawing on numerous primary sources, it explores: leadership and administration; recruitment and the armed forces; military finance; supply and logistics; and the nature and conduct of the fighting. The extent of military activity in Shropshire is explained for the first time, informing the history of the conflict there while reflecting on the nature of warfare across Civil War England. It shows how local Royalist and Parliamentarian activists and 'outsider' leaders provided direction, while the populace widely was involved in the administrative and material tasks of war effort. The war in Shropshire was mainly fought between the opposing county-based forces, but with considerable external military support. Similarly, fiscal and military assets were obtained locally and from much further afield. Attritional war in Shropshire from 1643 to 1646 involved the occupying Royalists engaging Parliamentarian inroads, in fighting the garrison warfare characteristic of the period. Although the outcome of both wars in Shropshire was determined by wider national events, in 1646 and again in 1648 the defeat of the county Royalists was due largely to their local Parliamentarian adversaries. Broadening this study to 1648 has provided insight into Parliamentarian county administration during the short interwar period.
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Orchard, Christopher R. "Politics and the literary imagination 1642-1660". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239402.
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Coates, Ben. "The impact of the English Civil War on the economy of London, 1642-1650". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31024.
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The purpose of this thesis is to ask to what extent and in what ways the economy of London was affected by the English Civil War. This will be placed in the context of the evolution of London's economy and society in the 16th and 17th centuries. Comparisons with the impact of the Civil War on the economy of other parts of England will be made. The focus will be on the short term effects of the Civil War. In the first part of the thesis the impact on the economy of London of Parliamentary taxation, loans and contracts for Parliament's war effort will be assessed, as well as the policies of economic blockade pursued by the belligerents. Subsequently the impact of disruption brought about by the English Civil War on the major props of the London economy will be examined, namely London's role in the internal and external trades of England, and manufacturing in London. It will be argued that the Civil War caused a major economic crisis in London partly because the economy of the metropolis rested on its interrelationship with the rest of England, and also because of its function as the capital as the centre for the social and economic networks of the kingdom. The Civil War disrupted those networks. However, the impact of the war was limited because the disruption of the national economic networks was partial, and because different aspects were disrupted at different times.
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Coates, Ben. "The impact of the English Civil War on the economy of London, 1642-50 /". Aldershot ; Burlington (Vt.) : Ashgate, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39934501g.
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Waddell, Katherine. "AMERICAN MNEMONIC: RACIAL IDENTITY IN WOMEN’S LIFE WRITING OF THE CIVIL WAR". UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/english_etds/71.
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American Mnemonic: Racial Identity in Women’s Life Writing of the Civil War takes up three American women's autobiographies: Emilie Davis’s pocket diaries (1863-65), Elizabeth Keckley’s Behind the Scenes: Thirty Years a Slave and Four in the White House (1868), and Louisa May Alcott’s Hospital Sketches (1863). Chapter one is devoted to literary review and methodology. Chapter two, "the all-absorbing topic': Belonging and Isolation in Emilie Davis’s Diaries," explores the everyday record of Emilie Davis in the context of Philadelphia’s free black community during the war. Davis’s position as a working-class free woman offers a fresh perspective on the much-discussed “elite” black community in which she participated. Chapter three, “'The Past is Dear': Nostalgia and Geotemporal Distance in Elizabeth Keckley’s Behind the Scenes,” explores Keckley’s memories of the South as she narrates them from her position as an upwardly mobile free black woman in Washington, D.C. My analysis illuminates the effect of shifting subject positions (e.g., from slave to free) on the process of self-narration, a process that I argue ultimately recasts Keckley in a more abolitionist light. Finally, chapter four, “'A Forward Movement': Louisa May Alcott’s Hospital Sketches and the Racialized Temporality of Progress,” argues that Alcott uses the geotemporal conditions of the war hospital to gain social mobility. This forward movement for Alcott leads her to cast black characters in a regressive light, revealing the racial hierarchy of progress. All of these authors express their experiences of time in unique ways, but in each case, the temporal cultural shifts catalyzed by the Civil War impact how they process their racial identities, and the genre of autobiography offers an intimate view of that process.
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Cobley, Jennifer Francis. "The construction and use of gender in the pamphlet literature of the English Civil War, 1642-1646". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/169833/.
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This thesis examines how the authors of ephemeral print used the gender framework for political ends during the first Civil War. In particular it considers how both the royalist and parliamentarian pamphleteers constructed and promoted a hegemonic, patriarchal definition of manhood amongst their male supporters in order to encourage them to fight for either king or parliament. It also demonstrates how the pamphleteers of each party drew upon deep-seated cultural allusions and a pre-existing language of insult in order to claim that their enemies were ‘unmanly’ or ‘effeminate’ and therefore unable or unwilling to uphold the patriarchal social order. The thesis shows that the pamphleteers of both sides set out to demonstrate that their own men were exemplars of patriarchal manhood, while simultaneously claiming that the anti-patriarchal behaviour of their opponents had betrayed their unsuitability for a position of authority within the commonwealth. Gendered language was therefore a powerful way to legitimise the claim of one’s own side to patriarchal authority and political power while simultaneously delegitimizing the claim of one’s opponents. The introduction outlines the key questions which the thesis seeks to address and gives my reasons for undertaking this study. Chapter one examines the reluctance of past generations of historians to study the wartime tracts and highlights the importance of the new cultural history, gender studies and the linguistic turn in bringing the gendered language of the wartime tracts to academic attention. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the print culture of the Civil Wars. In particular, the pioneering work of David Underdown has led other historians to explore how the wartime pamphleteers made use of cultural references in order to communicate political ideas. Chapter one situates my thesis within these recent developments in scholarship. Chapter two considers the main gendered themes of the parliamentarian tracts during the first Civil War. It explores how and why manhood was constructed and how gendered insult was utilised by the pamphleteers. Chapter three focuses on how three principal royalist personalities were represented in parliamentarian tracts, namely Charles I, Queen Henrietta Maria and Prince Rupert. Chapter four considers the broader gendered themes within the royalist literature of the period and tests the assertions of previous historians that royalist propaganda was frequently elitist and self-defeating. Chapter five explores the royalists’ treatment of three key parliamentarian figures: Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, Sir William Waller and Lady Ann Waller. It explores the careful treatment that Essex initially received from the royalist polemicists and contrasts this with the increasingly barbed attacks that were made against Waller, particularly by commenting upon the actions of his wife, Ann. The conclusion summarises the key arguments of the thesis and relates my findings to other broader questions regarding the operation and contestation of patriarchal power during the conflict, the practice of printing and how the use of gendered language developed in the polemical works of the later 1640s. The thesis ends with a brief discussion of some areas in which further research might enable us to better understand the vital role that gender played in reinforcing authority during the turbulent 1640s.
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Askew, Rachel M. C. "'The house of every one' : the consumption of material culture in castles during the English Civil War". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4748/.
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Castles studies are currently polarised between proponents of the castle as defensive stronghold and those who view it as elite status symbol. However, these debates largely ignore the participation of castles in the English Civil War. This thesis addresses these problems through the development of an alternative, biographical approach which is applied to drinking and dining assemblages from three castles: Eccleshall, Staffordshire and Sandal and Pontefract, West Yorkshire. Rather than interpret the castle from the viewpoint of its elite owner, a biographical approach utilises excavated material culture to investigate how the castle was inhabited on a daily basis by its non-elite occupants. It highlights the possibility that a castle is not identified on the basis of its appearance, but the way in which it is experienced by those who inhabit it. This is demonstrated by case studies of three buildings utilised as castles during the Civil War: a bishop’s palace, a ruined motte and bailey and a strong fortress. The selected assemblages demonstrate the important role played by food, drink and their containers during the Civil War. As well as being integral to a garrison’s ability to stave off starvation, these assemblages were vital in the maintenance of group cohesion and identity. This is most clearly seen through the adoption of outmoded vessels and other material culture at all the castles studied. Analysis of these suggest the occupation of castles during this period, far from being an act of desperation, was instead part of a conscious effort by their defenders to legitimise and sustain their identity through references to the past. This demonstrates that, far from being divorced from the medieval period, the occupation of castles during this period was instead the continuation of a much longer history lasting from their initial construction until the present day.
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Bell, Mark Robert. "The theology of violence : just war, regicide and the end of time in the English Revolution". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cdb766b2-f75e-40b0-acfb-61196cc60ebe.
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This thesis investigates the theology of violence in early modern England. It finds that violence had an important place in the theology of the English Revolution, which is at variance with many twentieth-century perceptions of Christianity. After introducing these ideas in the first chapter, chapter two begins with an outline of the general conceptions of the relationship between the Divine and violence, contrasting the image of a God of peace with a God of war. It also outlines just war theory, which was central to early modern English views of legitimate violence. Additional aspects of contemporaries' conceptions involved ideas of authorisation, violence as punishment, and a hierarchy of legitimate violence. These ideas are further developed in chapter three, first with reference to the Elizabethan Homilies and then in relation to theologians during the civil wars. This discussion of theologies of obedience anticipates chapter four's analysis of the theologies of resistance in relation to the theology of violence. Chapter four addresses a variety of themes concerning the illegitimacy of suicide and the corresponding legitimacy of self defence. The chapter concludes by addressing the idea of direct divine authorisation for violence, which is modelled by the biblical Book of Joshua and developed by examining Calvin's commentaries on the text. Direct authorisation lays the groundwork for chapter five, which addresses the apocalyptic perspective in relation to the theology of violence. The three interrelated themes of anti-Catholicism, anti-idolatry, and a new dispensation are examined. In chapter six, the previous themes are considered in an analysis of the regicide. The discussion of the regicide not only draws on the preceding discussion of the theology of violence but also examines the "scapegoating" dimension of the execution of the king. The final chapter offers reflections on the importance of the theology of violence for the view of the English civil wars as "wars of religion."
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Allsopp, Niall. "Turncoat poets of the English Revolution". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:72c956c3-ec8b-4b07-ad91-a05b0e72fd39.
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Edmund Waller, William Davenant, Andrew Marvell, and Abraham Cowley were royalist poets who changed sides following the English Revolution, attracted to Cromwellian military power, and the reforming aims of the Independents. This thesis contributes to existing scholarship by showing that the poets engaged strongly with theories of allegiance, self-consciously returning to first principles - the natures of sovereignty and obligation - to develop a concept of allegiance that was contingent and transferrable. Their crucial influence was Hobbes. Hobbes collapsed partisan perspectives into a general theory of sovereignty constituted by a de facto protective and coercive power; this was grounded on a psychological analysis of humans' restless appetite for power. The poets' approach to Hobbes was crucially mediated by Machiavelli, who provided a less abstract account of the relationship between individual agency and collective institutions, and whose concept of virtù offered a model for how restless ambition could be harnessed to political order. An introductory chapter sketches out the intellectual background to this body of theory and reflects on the methods used to show how the poets dramatized it in their works. Chapter two considers the disintegration of Waller's courtly poetry under the pressure of civil war, and his resulting turn to rationalist theory. Chapters three and four focus on the immediate aftermath of the revolution, considering the synthesis of Hobbes' and Machiavelli's theories of military power ventured by Davenant, and the influence of Davenant's ideas on Marvell's Machiavellianism. Chapter five focuses on Cowley and his more religiously-inflected account of Hobbesian psychology and political obligations. Chapter six asks how the poets responded to the Restoration of Charles II, and in particular charts their influence on the younger poet John Dryden. With their emphasis on materialist psychology, the turncoat poets abandoned allegory in favour of a mode of dramatization which observed the contingent circumstances in which allegiances could be generated, dissolved, and transferred. They possessed a political conservatism, but a conceptual radicalism which presented a serious challenge to Anglican and constitutionalist discourses of Stuart monarchy.
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Chengyi, Peng. "The Western philosophical tradition as the prime culprit : a new interpretation of Hobbes's diagnosis of the English Civil War". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2328.
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There is little question that Hobbes's Leviathan and Behemoth are largely responding to the civil conflicts that were tearing seventeenth-century England apart, but scholars disagree in their interpretations of Hobbes's diagnosis and prescription for the civil war. Complementing previous interpretations, my MA thesis suggests that Hobbes also traces the source of the civil conflicts to Western philosophical tradition (WPT) itself both methodologically and substantially. Methodologically, ancient Western philosophers do not start their ratiocination process with definitions of the terms used, and Hobbes argues that this lack of adequate method leads to all kinds of absurdities and consequently a whole false reference world. This critique is largely based on Hobbes's materialist accounts of philosophy and mind. Substantially, Hobbes suggests that Aristotle's natural, moral and civil philosophies in particular contribute to the chaotic opinions and the civil conflicts. After detecting this source, Hobbes undertakes perhaps the most ambitious endeavor to exorcise the demon of the tradition in Western history, by radically scientizing the philosophical tradition and establishing a science of politics.
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Okada, T. "Religious liberty and authority : Hobbes's use of the Bible in Leviathan in the context of the English Civil War". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1461015/.
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It has long been a great riddle why Hobbes expressed his bizarre view about Christian religion in Leviathan. This thesis is a serious attempt to explain it. The procedure followed is, in the first place, to identify the precise nature of arguments distinctive of Leviathan and of the new religious challenges Hobbes faced in Leviathan, and then to connect them with religious issues in the English Civil War. The issues identified are enthusiasm, “the Foole” in Chapter 15, and the toleration controversy. The first context investigated is several rational justifications for the authority of the Bible as a reaction to enthusiasm. Works by William Chillingworth, Edward Leigh, John Goodwin, Seth Ward and Henry Hammond are examined, and the originality of Hobbes’s view on biblical authority in comparison with them is clarified. It lies in Hobbes’s radical scepticism towards all forms of the pretended word of God as his solution to the political threat of enthusiasm, and in the correspondent certainty of his answer, the civil sovereign as the foundation of biblical authority. Clarification has been given of several layers of his scriptural interpretation underlying the conclusion, such as the philological investigation about revelation in the Bible in Chapter 36, the foundation of Moses’s authority in Chapter 40. This conclusion, in turn, lays a theoretical foundation for Hobbes’s eschatology in Chapter 38. The second context examined is the Anglican defences of toleration as part of the toleration controversy most relevant to Leviathan. The possible influence Hobbes and Jeremy Taylor had on each other concerning mutual toleration is shown, together with their originalities compared with Chillingworth. Moreover an explanation is supplied of some arguments specific to Leviathan as Hobbes’s reaction to the general toleration controversy.
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Van, Duinen Jared Pieter History & Philosophy Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "The 'Junto' and its Antecedents: the character and continuity of dissent under Charles I from the 1620s to the Grand Remonstrance". Publisher:University of New South Wales. History & Philosophy, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43579.
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ABSTRACT This thesis aims to (re)examine the breakdown of consensus that led to the outbreak of the English Revolution. It aims to do so from the particular perspective of a group of moderate godly laymen, commonly known as the 'Junto', who played a prominent role in the religious and political machinations of the Long Parliament before the outbreak of hostilities in 1642. Of particular concern is an exploration of the ideological background of these men in order to delineate possible contours of continuity of thought and action extending from the 1620s to the Long Parliament; an objective which has been facilitated via the deployment of a kind of micro-prosopographical methodology which focuses more on qualitative rather than quantitative 'ties of association'. With a view towards charting such contours of continuity, the 1630s provide the crux of the thesis. To this purpose, a number of ties of association have been interrogated including the involvement of these men in colonisation schemes (in particular the Providence Island Company); their resistive action to prerogative taxation; the efficacy of godly communitarian and social ties; and their association with the irenic schemes of John Dury and Samuel Hartlib. Deeply contextualised analysis of such ties of association has the potential to reveal and reframe previously obscured contours of continuity. Furthermore, this focus not only sheds light on this important yet relatively neglected decade but also contributes to a growing body of post-revisionist research by reappraising the revisionist emphasis on short-term and non-ideological causes of the English Revolution. This thesis demonstrates that, for these men at least, there can be discerned a continuity of dissident ideological thought and action stemming from the mid-1620s and receiving its fullest expression in the Grand Remonstrance of November 1641. Moreover, although this dissident ideological framework had political/constitutional implications, it was fundamentally religious in origin and nature, stemming as it did from a reaction to the Arminianism of the Caroline ecclesiastical establishment in the 1620s and its subsequent Laudian efflorescence in the 1630s. Thus this thesis demonstrates that for these men the causes of the English Revolution were essentially religious in nature.
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Nusbacher, Aryeh J. S. "The triple thread : supply of victuals to the army under Sir Thomas Fairfax 1645-1646". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391170.
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Mori, Antonello <1993>. "From the Archival document to the Digital: News of religious, ethnic and political conflicts during the First English Civil War (1642-1646)". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21888.
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Il seguente progetto ha l'ambizioso obiettivo di creare in piccolo una sintesi efficace tra il mondo accademico e quello pubblico, tra il mondo archivistico analogico e quello digitale, tra passato e presente. L'obiettivo iniziale era quello di generare un prodotto ibrido tra storia pubblica e digital humanities. Partendo dall'analisi di uno specifico evento storico, in questo caso la cosiddetta 'Prima Guerra Civile Inglese (1642-1646)' , si è voluto creare un'esperienza di storytelling supportata da tecniche di animazione digitale e web design che potesse coinvolgere e informare un pubblico non esperto e allo stesso tempo valorizzare la documentazione inedita consultata effettuando analisi specifiche grazie agli strumenti resi disponibili dall'informatica, rendendo così il prodotto interessante anche per la componente accademica e specialistica.
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Kelly, James Edward. "Learning to survive : the Petre family and the formation of Catholic communities from Elizabeth I to the eve of the English civil war". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633492.
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Hsu, Chao-Chi. "Freedom and authority of conscience : religion and politics in the thought of Lord Herbert of Cherbury (1582-1648)". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33219.
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This thesis focuses on a long-misunderstood person - Edward, Lord Herbert of Cherbury (1582-1648), a diplomat, philosopher, and historian. He has been labelled 'the father of English deism', a title invented by John Leland (1691-1766) more than a hundred years after his death. Although this label has recently been challenged, modern scholarship continues to pay disproportionate attention to Herbert's religious ideas, while research on political and historical aspects of his thought remains quite underdeveloped. This thesis places Herbert in the context of contemporary issues of religion and politics, including the controversy over the royal supremacy, the relationship between King and Parliament, and debates over the lawfulness of resistance to tyrants in the Early English Civil War. It argues that his viewpoints on these issues reflected his deep concern for the freedom and authority of individual conscience. Herbert held that laws enacted in the name of the royal supremacy should not force individuals to accept anything contrary to the judgement of their consciences. He also suggested that the safety and liberty of the people took priority over the prerogatives of the King, and that Parliament, as the highest court in the kingdom, had the authority to protect the people's consciences from the oppression of the King's unlawful commands. Finally, Herbert held that resistance to tyrants was indeed lawful and that conscience granted that a tyrant's misdeeds could lawfully be bridled. The thesis is based on a close analysis of Herbert's religious treatises, his manuscript collections deposited in the National Library of Wales, and his historical works, including 'On the King's Supremacy in the Church' and The Life and Raigne of King Henry the Eighth. His manuscript collections and historical treatises in particular have never been properly examined. The main contributions of the thesis are to restore Herbert's thought to its seventeenth-century context, broaden the research on Herbert to include his political thought, and reveal that the common purpose of his works of philosophy, religion, and history was to save the people from unjust religious coercion. This approach provides a more comprehensive understanding and a more complete picture of Herbert's thought, and challenges several commonly held views of Herbert: that Herbert's thought was a precursor to eighteenth-century deism, that his theory of common notions represented the whole picture of his thought, and that his historical works were of little value and aimed only at gaining royal recognition.
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Fisher, Victor C. "IN DEFENSE OF “JUST IMMUNITIES”: ONTOLOGICAL RISK AND NATURAL COMMUNITY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1406289185.
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Matthews, Joshua Steven. "The American Alighieri: receptions of Dante in the United States, 1818-1867". Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2939.
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At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the medieval Florentine poet Dante Alighieri was an almost completely unknown figure in the United States. Yet, by mid-century, he was considered by many Americans to be one of the world's greatest poets and his major epic, the Divine Comedy, was translated during the Civil War by the most popular American poet at the time, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. This dissertation examines Dante's nineteenth-century emergence in the United States and the historical and cultural reasons why Dante, for many nineteenth-century Americans, became a highly-regarded literary figure and an unexpectedly popular poet during the Civil War. Using new historicist and book studies methodologies, it argues that Dante was widely viewed as an important theological-political poet, a cultural representative of Italy and nineteenth-century Italian nationalism and liberalism, one who spoke powerfully to antebellum and wartime issues of national disunity, states' rights, the nature of empire, and the justice and injustice of civil war. American periodicals and English-language translations of the Comedy touted Dante as a great national poet--a model who might inspire any would-be national poet of the United States--while interpreting his biography and the Comedy in terms of American and transatlantic political events, ideologies, and discourses. Aware of such promotion, many American writers, including Longfellow, James Russell Lowell, Herman Melville, and Walt Whitman, read and interpreted the Comedy in terms of national politics and, by the early 1860s, the Civil War. Given its relevance and popularity during the 1860s--numerous books by or about Dante were published in the United States during this decade--the Divine Comedy thus became an important epic poem of the Civil War, a poem that Longfellow and Walt Whitman turned to while constructing their wartime and Reconstruction-era poetry.
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Falcão, Renata Vieira. "A naturaza da sedição : a natureza humana e a história no Behemoth de Thomas Hobbes". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131751.
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O presente trabalho busca analisar a compreensão da natureza dos homens presente na história da guerra civil inglesa de Thomas Hobbes intitulada Behemoth e investigar as relações entre tal compreensão e a escrita histórica do autor. Trabalha-se com a hipótese de que a teoria da natureza humana definida e defendida por Hobbes em suas obras de filosofia política perpassa a obra em estudo em múltiplos níveis que merecem exame. Apresentam-se as definições teóricas da natureza humana estabelecidas por Hobbes no Leviathan para então examinar de que formas esta teoria informa a história no Behemoth, com especial atenção ao funcionamento das ações, paixões e opiniões e ao papel da natureza humana como causa e explicação da história. De modo a melhor compreender a associação entre história e teoria presente na obra, são examinadas também as concepções de Hobbes acerca da ciência, da experiência e da causalidade. Por fim, discutem-se as relações entre a natureza humana, os propósitos da história e as escolhas discursivas de Hobbes no Behemoth.This study aims to analyze the ideas about men‘s nature in Behemoth, Thomas Hobbes‘ history of the English Civil War, and to inspect the connections between those ideas and the author‘s historical writing. My working hypothesis is that the theory of human nature defined and upheld by Hobbes in his works of political philosophy permeates the book under analysis in several ways that merit investigation. For comparison, I first present the theoretical definitions and explanations about human nature established by Hobbes in Leviathan and then I examine in what ways that theory influences and informs Behemoth‘s history, focusing on how actions work, the role of passions and opinions, and the use and presentation of human nature as explanation and cause in history. In order to better understand the association between history and theory at work in Behemoth, I analyze Hobbes‘ conceptions about science, experience and causality. Lastly, I discuss how human nature as presented in the book under analysis is related to Hobbes‘ idea about the purpose of history and his discursive choices in Behemoth.
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Gilreath, Heather Rhea. "Coming Home, Staying Put, and Learning to Fiddle: Heroism and Place in Charles Frazier's Cold Mountain". [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0716104-120033/unrestricted/GilreathH081004f.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0716104-120033 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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McCall, Fiona. ""Our dear mother stripped" : the experiences of ejected clergy and their families during the English Revolution". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670060.
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