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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Energy depletion"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 11 de marzo de 2023

Última modificación: 22 de junio de 2025

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1

Taegtmeyer, Heinrich, and Saumya Sharma. "Anemia and energy depletion." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 42, no. 11 (2003): 2030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2003.09.012.

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2

Stokes, Bradford T., Ruth A. Altschuld, Charlene M. Hohl, Qian Li, and Douglas K. Anderson. "Energy depletion in culture." Molecular and Chemical Neuropathology 15, no. 1 (1991): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03161054.

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3

Béjar, Alejandro Alvarez. "Energy, Integration, and Resource Depletion." NACLA Report on the Americas 47, no. 1 (2014): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714839.2014.11721868.

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4

Mozaffarian, Dariush, and Wayne Levy. "Anemia and energy depletion: reply." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 42, no. 11 (2003): 2030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2003.09.013.

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5

Francis, Zoë, Marina Milyavskaya, Hause Lin, and Michael Inzlicht. "Development of a Within-Subject, Repeated-Measures Ego-Depletion Paradigm." Social Psychology 49, no. 5 (2018): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000348.

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Abstract. Ego depletion is under scrutiny for low replicability, possibly reflecting the limited statistical power available in between-subject designs. In response, we created a within-subject, repeated-measures ego-depletion paradigm that repeatedly alternated depletion and recovery manipulations. Each manipulation was followed by measuring subjective fatigue, mood, and self-control performance. Across 12 studies (N = 754), participants reliably reported having lower energy and mood after depleting manipulations compared to after recovery manipulations. Depletion manipulations did not consistently affect behavioral self-control, although the depletion effect was meta-analytically significant (d = .045). Furthermore, unintended fatigue and practice effects occurred over the course of the paradigm, systematically interfering with the intended depletion effects. We recommend that depletion research takes advantage of within-subject designs across multiple sessions to avoid spillover effects between measurements.

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6

Watanabe, Hiroshi, Rolf Spahr, and H. Michael Piper. "Endothelial macromolecule permeability under energy depletion." Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 22 (May 1990): S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2828(90)91553-j.

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7

Nawaz, Muhammad Atif, Ali Azam, and Muhammad Azhar Bhatti. "Natural Resources Depletion and Economic Growth: Evidence from ASEAN Countries." Pakistan Journal of Economic Studies 2, no. 2 (2019): 155–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635394.

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<em>The economic growth of any country determines how developed a country is. It determines the development of any economy. However, many factors such as less labor, fewer resources, destruction of land etc., are now devaluating the economic growth and killing it. This question is of much importance as it frustrates the financial analysts and researchers. Therefore, the present study investigates the said problem in ten Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries as the traditional growth has slowed down in these countries, and to see what factors are damaging their economic economic growth. The data of 25 years is collected from Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The independent variables are natural resources depletion, mineral depletion, and energy depletion and their effects are measured on the economic growth of respective countries. The control variables are population growth and per capita income. For analysis, we have conducted cross-sectional-dependence, homogeneity tests for seeing whether the factors are heterogeneous or not. The framework for all countries has been examined using CIPS unit root test. For measuring the directional hypothesis, we have used Konya Granger causality tests. The results indicate that natural resources depletion and mineral depletion have been major causes to destroy the economic growth of many countries. This study helps the analysts to focus on how they can have more natural, mineral, and energy resources to gauge with the growing need for the betterment of economy.</em>

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8

Hossain, Mohammad Razib, Sanjeet Singh, Gagan Deep Sharma, Simona-Andreea Apostu, and Pooja Bansal. "Overcoming the shock of energy depletion for energy policy? Tracing the missing link between energy depletion, renewable energy development and decarbonization in the USA." Energy Policy 174 (March 2023): 113469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113469.

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9

Falcone, Giusy, and Zachary R. Putnam. "Energy Depletion Guidance for Aerobraking Atmospheric Passes." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 45, no. 4 (2022): 651–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.g006171.

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10

Gardner, Ann, and Richard G. Boles. "Mitochondrial Energy Depletion in Depression with Somatization." Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 77, no. 2 (2008): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000112891.

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11

Ashrafian, Houman, Charles Redwood, Edward Blair, and Hugh Watkins. "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:a paradigm for myocardial energy depletion." Trends in Genetics 19, no. 5 (2003): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(03)00081-7.

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12

Spencer, Paul. "Oil depletion." Refocus 5, no. 5 (2004): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(04)00196-9.

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13

Yu, Jiankai, and Benoit Forget. "Verification of depletion capability of OpenMC using VERA depletion benchmark." Annals of Nuclear Energy 170 (June 2022): 108973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2022.108973.

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14

Alkhateeb, Tarek Tawfik Yousef, and Haider Mahmood. "Oil Price and Energy Depletion Nexus in GCC Countries: Asymmetry Analyses." Energies 13, no. 12 (2020): 3058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123058.

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Oil price has played a prominent role in oil exporter economies and may also affect energy depletion in oil-dependent countries. Considering asymmetry, the relationship between oil price (OP) and energy depletion has been investigated in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region from 1970 to 2017. We find asymmetrical positive effects of OP on the energy depletion in the panel of the GCC region. To avoid aggregation biasness in the panel estimates, we also conduct a time-series analysis on each GCC country. We find a positive impact of increasing OP on the energy depletion in six GCC countries, and this effect is found to be elastic in the case of all countries except for Kuwait. Positive effects of decreasing OP on the depletion are also found in all the GCC countries, and these effects are found to be elastic or unit elastic in the case of all countries except Saudi Arabia. Asymmetry in the relationship of oil price and energy depletion is established for Bahrain, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia in terms of the different magnitude of effects.

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15

Kandpal, Rohan, and Rajendra Singh. "Renewable Energy Sources – A Review." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 8133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.8133ecst.

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The development of technology combined with the surge in population has led to a new era of living that has increased energy demand. Fossil fuel has been the main energy source for so many years, but it is no longer sustainable with its depletion and negative consequences. A need has arisen for a replacement resource to replace the depleting fossil fuels using right now. This need is what pushes us towards renewable energy. An examination of renewable energy sources: their uses, potentials, and limitations, as well as their effects on the climate and human health, is presented in this work. As final recommendations, the paper outlines policies and strategies to address climate change and fully integrate renewables as a sustainable energy source.

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16

Sokoloff, Louis. "Energy Metabolism and Effects of Energy Depletion or Exposure to Glutamate." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, S1 (1992): S107—S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-251.

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The entire program of the first day of the IBRO satellite meeting entitled Ions, Water, and Energy in Brain Cells was devoted to the subject of energy. There were three sessions on the topics of energy metabolism, activation, and development and pathological conditions, followed by a final general discussion on the contents of the day's topics. During this general discussion there were spirited exchanges on the role of glycogen in the energy metabolism of the brain, on the metabolic source of the energy consumed by functional activity, e.g., glycolytic or oxidative energy metabolism, and on the sources of the acid-equivalents that are responsible for the tissue acidosis accompanying cerebral hypoxia. Despite the arguments pro and con presented on all of the issues that were discussed, it is doubtful that a consensus was achieved on most of the issues.Key words: glycogen, glycolysis, oxidative metabolism, acidosis, energy metabolism.

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17

Kang, Young-myoung, and Yeon-sup Lim. "Handling Power Depletion in Energy Harvesting IoT Devices." Electronics 13, no. 14 (2024): 2704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13142704.

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Efficient energy management is a significant task in Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices because typical IoT devices have the constraint of a limited power supply. In particular, energy harvesting IoT devices must be tolerant of complex and varying temporal/spatial environments for energy availability. Several schemes have been proposed to manage energy usage in IoT devices, such as duty-cycle control, transmission power control, and task scheduling. However, these approaches need to deal with the operating conditions particular to energy harvesting devices, e.g., power depletion according to energy harvesting conditions. In this paper, regarding a wireless sensor network (WSN) as a representative IoT device, we propose an Energy Intelligence Platform Module (EIPM) for energy harvesting WSNs. The EIPM provides harvested energy status prediction, checkpointing, and task execution control to ensure continuous operation according to energy harvesting conditions while minimizing required hardware/software overheads such as additional measurement components and computations. Our experiment results demonstrate that the EIPM successfully enables a device to cope with energy insufficiency under various harvesting conditions.

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18

Kazakis, Nerantzis, Diamantis Karakatsanis, Maria Margarita Ntona, et al. "Groundwater Depletion. Are Environmentally Friendly Energy Recharge Dams a Solution?" Water 16, no. 11 (2024): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16111541.

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Groundwater is a primary source of drinking water; however, groundwater depletion constitutes a common phenomenon worldwide. The present research aims to quantify groundwater depletion in three aquifers in Greece, including the porous aquifers in the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, Mouriki, and the Marathonas basin. The hypothesis is to reverse the phenomenon by adopting an environmentally acceptable methodology. The core of the suggested methodology was the simulation of groundwater using MODFLOW-NWT and the application of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) by using water from small dams after the generation of hydropower. Surface run-off and groundwater recharge values were obtained from the ArcSWAT simulation. The predicted future climatic data were obtained from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), considering the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and the climate model REMO2009. Groundwater flow simulations from 2010 to 2020 determined the existing status of the aquifers. The simulation was extended to the year 2030 to forecast the groundwater regime. In all three sites, groundwater depletion occurred in 2020, while the phenomenon will be exacerbated in 2030, as depicted in the GIS maps. During 2020, the depletion zones extended 11%, 28%, and 23% of the aquifers in Mouriki, the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, and the Marathonas basin, respectively. During 2030, the depletion zones will increase to 50%, 42%, and 44% of the aquifers in Mouriki, the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, and the Marathonas basin, respectively. The simulation was extended to 2040 by applying MAR with the water from the existing dams as well as from additional dams. In all sites, the application of MAR contributed to the reversal of groundwater depletion, with a significant amount of hydropower generated. Until 2040, the application of MAR will reduce the depletion zones to 0.5%, 9%, and 12% of the aquifers in Mouriki, the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, and the Marathonas basin, respectively. Apart from over-pumping, climatic factors such as long periods of drought have exacerbated groundwater depletion. The transformation of dams to mini-scale hydropower facilities combined with MAR will benefit clean energy production, save CO2 emissions, and lead to an economically feasible strategy against groundwater depletion.

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19

Porkka-Heiskanen, Tarja, Anna Kalinchuk, Lauri Alanko, Anna Urrila, and Dag Stenberg. "Adenosine, Energy Metabolism, and Sleep." Scientific World JOURNAL 3 (2003): 790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.65.

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While the exact function of sleep remains unknown, it is evident that sleep was developed early in phylogenesis and represents an ancient and vital strategy for survival. Several pieces of evidence suggest that the function of sleep is associated with energy metabolism, saving of energy, and replenishment of energy stores. Prolonged wakefulness induces signs of energy depletion in the brain, while experimentally induced, local energy depletion induces increase in sleep, similarly as would a period of prolonged wakefulness. The key molecule in the induction of sleep appears to be adenosine, which induces sleep locally in the basal forebrain.

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20

Lee, Bonggi, Liping Qiao, Brice Kinney, Gen-Sheng Feng, and Jianhua Shao. "Macrophage Depletion Disrupts Immune Balance and Energy Homeostasis." PLoS ONE 9, no. 6 (2014): e99575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099575.

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21

Shadwick, B. A., C. B. Schroeder, and E. Esarey. "Nonlinear laser energy depletion in laser-plasma accelerators." Physics of Plasmas 16, no. 5 (2009): 056704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3124185.

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22

Lowry, C. W., T. M. Brennan, and B. G. Hammons. "Pump depletion through coherent energy transfer in semiconductors." Optics Letters 20, no. 2 (1995): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.20.000127.

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23

Goldberg, Emily L., and Vishwa Deep Dixit. "Bone Marrow: An Immunometabolic Refuge during Energy Depletion." Cell Metabolism 30, no. 4 (2019): 621–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.022.

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24

Bronisz, Agnieszka, E. Antonio Chiocca, and Jakub Godlewski. "Response to energy depletion: miR-451/AMPK loop." Oncotarget 6, no. 20 (2015): 17851–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4606.

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25

Marini, Guendalina, Elisabeth Nüske, Weihua Leng, Simon Alberti, and Gaia Pigino. "Reorganization of budding yeast cytoplasm upon energy depletion." Molecular Biology of the Cell 31, no. 12 (2020): 1232–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e20-02-0125.

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Yeast responds to energy depletion with a rapid cytoplasmic reorganization that includes cytosol compaction and de novo formation of membraneless compartments. The reversible polymerization of eIF2B into filamentous assemblies suggests a mechanism of translational control that allows cells to move quickly back and forth between response states.

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26

Nguyen, Van-Linh, Po-Ching Lin, and Ren-Hung Hwang. "Energy Depletion Attacks in Low Power Wireless Networks." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 51915–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2911424.

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27

Oda, Teiji, Tetsuhiro Kimura, Yoshitaka Ogata, and Yutaka Fujise. "Optimized retrograde cerebral perfusion reduces ischemic energy depletion." Journal of Artificial Organs 7, no. 1 (2004): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10047-003-0247-3.

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28

Pinson, Arié, Régine Tirosh, Victoria Trembovler, and Esther Shohami. "Energy depletion triggers eicosanoid synthesis in cultured myocytes." Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 24 (May 1992): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2828(92)90616-8.

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29

Kobayashi, Takashi, Malcolm K. Robinson, Vickye Robinson, Eve Derosa, Douglas W. Wilmore, and Danny O. Jacobs. "Glutathione Depletion Alters Hepatocellular High-Energy Phosphate Metabolism." Journal of Surgical Research 54, no. 3 (1993): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1993.1030.

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30

Larsen, Dorthe H., Ying Liu, Miaomiao Yao, et al. "Basil chilling injury: Oxidative stress or energy depletion?" Food Chemistry 477 (June 2025): 143581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143581.

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31

Houz, Michael. "The Energy Depletion Model of Light and Cosmology." International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 15, no. 02 (2025): 80–89. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijaa.2025.152006.

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32

Kuaban, Godlove Suila, Erol Gelenbe, Tadeusz Czachórski, Piotr Czekalski, and Julius Kewir Tangka. "Modelling of the Energy Depletion Process and Battery Depletion Attacks for Battery-Powered Internet of Things (IoT) Devices." Sensors 23, no. 13 (2023): 6183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23136183.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming almost every industry, including agriculture, food processing, health care, oil and gas, environmental protection, transportation and logistics, manufacturing, home automation, and safety. Cost-effective, small-sized batteries are often used to power IoT devices being deployed with limited energy capacity. The limited energy capacity of IoT devices makes them vulnerable to battery depletion attacks designed to exhaust the energy stored in the battery rapidly and eventually shut down the device. In designing and deploying IoT devices, the battery and device specifications should be chosen in such a way as to ensure a long lifetime of the device. This paper proposes diffusion approximation as a mathematical framework for modelling the energy depletion process in IoT batteries. We applied diffusion or Brownian motion processes to model the energy depletion of a battery of an IoT device. We used this model to obtain the probability density function, mean, variance, and probability of the lifetime of an IoT device. Furthermore, we studied the influence of active power consumption, sleep time, and battery capacity on the probability density function, mean, and probability of the lifetime of an IoT device. We modelled ghost energy depletion attacks and their impact on the lifetime of IoT devices. We used numerical examples to study the influence of battery depletion attacks on the distribution of the lifetime of an IoT device. We also introduced an energy threshold after which the device’s battery should be replaced in order to ensure that the battery is not completely drained before it is replaced.

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33

Mattio, Nastasia, Charlotte Juin, Madeleine Lauverjat, Cécile Chambrier, Charlotte Bergoin, and Thomas Couronne. "Micronutrient Status in Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome Weaned off Parenteral Support." Nutrients 17, no. 9 (2025): 1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091598.

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Background/Objectives: In short bowel syndrome adults (SBS), about 50% of patients on parenteral support (PS) are weaned off. However, micronutrient deficiency prevalence has never been studied in weaned patients. We aimed to assess the prevalence of micronutrient depletions and potential risk factors, more than a year after PS weaning. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on our 161 weaned SBS patients between January 2011 and December 2021. Only 42 of them had an assessment of their plasma micronutrient status more than a year after PS weaning. Results: 40/42 patients had at least one micronutrient depletion, with an average of 4.0 ± 1.9 depletions per patient. Depletions in vitamins D, E, selenium, copper, and zinc were the most frequent, present for >50% of patients. In 75% of cases, patients depleted in vitamin B12 and D were already supplemented. Long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and duration on PS was associated with ≥ three depletions (p = 0.02). A daily mean of the total energy infused per week > 20 kcal/kg/day at the time of weaning was associated with more depletions (5.8 ± 1.6 vs. 3.7 ± 1.7 depletions, p = 0.02). Other factors (digestive anatomy, particularly SBS type, or associated chronic disease) were not predictive of depletion. Conclusions: Nearly all patients with SBS have at least one micronutrient depletion after PS withdrawal. This study suggests that a long-term monitoring of micronutrients status is needed for SBS patients weaned off PS. A larger-scale study would be necessary to generalize these results.

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34

Khalatov, A. A., N. M. Fialko, and M. P. Tymchenko. "ENERGY SECURITY OF UKRAINE: THE THREAT OF LONG-TERM ENERGY RESOURCES DEPLETION." Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering 42, no. 3 (2020): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ttpe.3.2020.1.

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In the context of the energy transition, the impact on the energy security of Ukraine of the global threat of depletion of the main types of fossils of traditional energy resources is analyzed. The peculiarities of FER consumption in the recent period in the world as a whole, in the EU and in Ukraine are considered. It points to the fundamental difference in the dynamics of consumption of fossil fuels in the world as a whole and in the EU. The data concerning the proved world reserves of traditional energy resources and terms of their exhaustion are given. Estimates of fossil fuels own stocks in Ukraine are presented and prospects of their use are considered. It is indicated that the development of nuclear energy in Ukraine is promising (as one of the directions of decarbonization of energy in the French interpretation) given the significant world geological reserves of various uranium isotopes. At the same time, it is noted that hybrid technologies of nuclear power deserve special attention.

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35

Kim, Jun Soo, and Igal Szleifer. "Depletion Effect on Polymers Induced by Small Depleting Spheres." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 114, no. 48 (2010): 20864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp107598m.

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36

Herdian and Dwi Suci Ningtyas Putri Nadia. "Ego Depletion on Students During Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 04, no. 11 (2021): 1664–68. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v4-i11-27.

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Learning problems during the COVID-19 pandemic have been widely studied. We explore the picture of Ego depletion during online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ego depletion is when the individual feels a decrease in ego or self-control due to excessive activities involving the ego, resulting in reduced energy in the body. This research is descriptive quantitative research. Ego Depletion is measured based on the ego-depletion scale based on aspects of ego depletion, including psychological exhaustion, physical exhaustion, helplessness, drained energy, and cognitive impairment. A total of 92 students participated in this study. Data was obtained online via Google form. The study results showed that ego depletion in students was dominated in the moderate category, followed by high and low categories. We also describe the categories based on the demographic data obtained. Ego depletion in the high category is more common in semester four -level and semester six-level. The results and implications are discussed further.

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37

Seo-Mayer, Patricia W., Gunilla Thulin, Li Zhang, et al. "Preactivation of AMPK by metformin may ameliorate the epithelial cell damage caused by renal ischemia." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 301, no. 6 (2011): F1346—F1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00420.2010.

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Alterations in epithelial cell polarity and in the subcellular distributions of epithelial ion transport proteins are key molecular consequences of acute kidney injury and intracellular energy depletion. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy sensor, is rapidly activated in response to renal ischemia, and we demonstrate that its activity is upregulated by energy depletion in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. We hypothesized that AMPK activity may influence the maintenance or recovery of epithelial cell organization in mammalian renal epithelial cells subjected to energy depletion. MDCK cells were ATP depleted through a 1-h incubation with antimycin A and 2-deoxyglucose. Immunofluoresence localization demonstrated that this regimen induces mislocalization of the Na-K-ATPase from its normal residence at the basolateral plasma membrane to intracellular vesicular compartments. When cells were pretreated with the AMPK activator metformin before energy depletion, basolateral localization of Na-K-ATPase was preserved. In MDCK cells in which AMPK expression was stably knocked down with short hairpin RNA, preactivation of AMPK with metformin did not prevent Na-K-ATPase redistribution in response to energy depletion. In vivo studies demonstrate that metformin activated renal AMPK and that treatment with metformin before renal ischemia preserved cellular integrity, preserved Na-K-ATPase localization, and led to reduced levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, a biomarker of tubular injury. Thus AMPK may play a role in preserving the functional integrity of epithelial plasma membrane domains in the face of energy depletion. Furthermore, pretreatment with an AMPK activator before ischemia may attenuate the severity of renal tubular injury in the context of acute kidney injury.

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38

Lear, M. "The New Zealand Energy Scene Now and Post-Maui." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 13, no. 2-3 (1995): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598795013002-302.

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Supply and demand forecasts to 2020 published by the Ministry of Commerce highlight the significance of the depletion of the Maui gas and condensate field for the New Zealand energy scene. Maui currently produces around 34% of our primary energy and 45% of our transport fuels, including fuel from the synthetic fuels plant. The depletion of Maui around 2010 is expected to reduce our liquid fuel self-sufficiency and reduce the availability of gas for electricity generation and petrochemicals. The Ministry's forecasts conclude this will result in price rises for gas and electricity, and increased use of coal, geothermal, hydro, wind and other renewables for generation. The depletion of the Maui field highlights the importance of developing an attractive petroleum royalty regime to encourage further exploration of New Zealand's petroleum resources.

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39

Lomneth, R., and E. I. Gruenstein. "Energy-dependent cell volume maintenance in UC-11MG human astrocytomas." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 257, no. 4 (1989): C817—C824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1989.257.4.c817.

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Swelling of astrocytes in the brain is a major cause of the morbidity and mortality associated with stroke and head trauma. Using a human astrocytoma cell line (UC-11MG) as a model system, we studied cell volume changes caused by ATP depletion under conditions mimicking hypoxia. ATP levels were reduced to less than 10% of control using the metabolic inhibitors KCN or antimycin in combination with glucose deprivation. This was sufficient to eliminate ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake, indicating the Na+-K+-adenosinetriphosphatase was not operating. Furosemide-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake was reduced by approximately 60%, indicating Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport was also sensitive to ATP loss. ATP depletion resulted in a 30-40% reduction of cell volume within 60 min. ATP depletion also resulted in a net loss of intracellular K+. This loss of K+ could be blocked by Ba2+, indicating the K+ loss was through a conductive channel. When the net K+ loss was blocked by Ba2+, the volume decrease was also prevented. The cells remained viable throughout the time period as judged by exclusion of ethidium bromide by 99% of the cells and recovery of ATP levels to 75% of control within 60 min. We conclude that ATP depletion, following inhibition of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, causes astrocytes to shrink because of a more rapid loss of K+ than uptake of Na+. Thus it appears that ATP depletion alone is not sufficient to account for the rapid phase of astrocytic swelling observed during cerebral ischemia.

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40

Valente, P. C., C. B. da Silva, and F. T. Pinho. "The effect of viscoelasticity on the turbulent kinetic energy cascade." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 760 (October 31, 2014): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.585.

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AbstractDirect numerical simulations of statistically steady homogeneous isotropic turbulence in viscoelastic fluids described by the FENE-P model, such as those laden with polymers, are presented. It is shown that the strong depletion of the turbulence dissipation reported by previous authors does not necessarily imply a depletion of the nonlinear energy cascade. However, for large relaxation times, of the order of the eddy turnover time, the polymers remove more energy from the large scales than they can dissipate and transfer the excess energy back into the turbulent dissipative scales. This is effectively a polymer-induced kinetic energy cascade which competes with the nonlinear energy cascade of the turbulence leading to its depletion. It is also shown that the total energy flux to the small scales from both cascade mechanisms remains approximately the same fraction of the kinetic energy over the turnover time as the nonlinear energy cascade flux in Newtonian turbulence.

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41

Gourlay, T., J. Fleming, and KM Taylor. "The effects of pulsatile flow on the leukocyte depleti ng qualities of the Pall LG6 leukocyte depleting arterial line filter: a laboratory investigation." Perfusion 7, no. 3 (1992): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919200700308.

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The Pall LG6 arterial line filter has, in a previous publication, demonstrated its inherent leukocyte depleting qualities. This initial study was however carried out under continuous flow conditions. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of the LG6 filter in performing this leukocyte removal function under the more dynamic conditions of pulsatile flow. In addition to leukocyte depletion, the general blood handling and degree of energy absorbtion associated with the LG6 and Stat-Prime filters was also assessed. The results demonstrated that the LG6 filter was unaffected by the flow regime employed in terms of leukocyte removal and platelet depletion. There was a higher level of measured haemolysis associated with the use of pulsatile rather than nonpulsatile flow, however, this was the case with both filter types and was not found to be the case when generated values were computed. The LG6 filter absorbed more energy than the Stat-Prime filter as reflected by energy equivalent pressure (EEP) measurement, but this difference did not reach a level which was considered to be clinically significant.

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42

Thivel, David, Graham Finlayson, Maud Miguet, et al. "Energy depletion by 24-h fast leads to compensatory appetite responses compared with matched energy depletion by exercise in healthy young males." British Journal of Nutrition 120, no. 5 (2018): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518001873.

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AbstractAlthough there is a growing interest for the effects of intermittent fasting on energy balance, this study aimed to compare appetite, energy intake and food reward responses with an energy depletion induced either by 24-h food restriction or an equivalent deficit with exercise in healthy males. In all, twelve healthy lean males (21·5 (sd 0·5) years old; BMI: 22·5 (sd 1·7) kg/m2) participated in this study. Body composition, aerobic capacity, food preferences and energy intake were assessed. They randomly completed three conditions: (i) no depletion (CON); (ii) full 24-h energy restrictions (Def-EI); and (iii) exercise condition (Def-EX). Ad libitum energy intake and food reward were assessed at the end of each session. Appetite feelings were assessed regularly. Ad libitum energy intake was higher on Def-EI (7330 (sd 2975) kJ (1752 (sd 711) kcal) compared with that on CON (5301 (sd 1205) kJ (1267 (sd 288) kcal)) (P<0·05), with no difference between CON and Def-EX (6238 (sd 1741) kJ (1491 (sd 416) kcal) (P=0·38) and between Def-EX and Def-EI (P=0·22). There was no difference in the percent energy ingested from macronutrients. Hunger was lower on CON and Def-EX compared with Def-EI (P<0·001). Satiety was higher on CON and Def-EI compared with that on Def-EX (P<0·001). There was a significant interaction condition × time for food choice fat bias (P=0·04), showing a greater preference for high-fat v. low-fat food during Def-EI and Def-EX. Although 24-h fasting leads to increased energy intake at the following test meal (without total daily energy intake difference), increased hunger profile and decreased post-meal food choice fat bias, such nutritional responses are not observed after a similar deficit induced by exercise.

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43

Jemaà, Mohamed, Myriam Fezai, and Florian Lang. "Inhibition of Suicidal Erythrocyte Death by Reversine." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 41, no. 6 (2017): 2363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475654.

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Background/Aims: The A3 adenosine receptor antagonist reversine (2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-6-cyclohexylaminopurine) influences cellular differentiation, inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell-cycle arrest, triggers apoptosis, causes cell swelling with polyploidy and stimulates autophagy. The effect on apoptosis involves mitochondria and caspases. Erythrocytes are lacking mitochondria but express caspases and are, similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, able to enter suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis. Stimulators of eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i), energy depletion and oxidative stress. The present study explored, whether reversine influences eryptosis. Methods: Flow cytometry was employed to quantify phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface from annexin-V-binding and cell volume from forward scatter. Measurements were made without or with energy depletion (glucose deprivation for 48 hours), Ca2+ loading (30 minutes treatment with 1 µM Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin), or oxidative stress (15 min exposure to 0.3 mM tert-butylhydroperoxide). Results: A 48 hours exposure of human erythrocytes to reversine (1-10 µM) did not significantly modify the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells and forward scatter. Energy depletion, Ca2+ loading, and oxidative stress were each followed by profound and significant increase of the percentage annexin-V-binding erythrocytes and a significant decrease of forward scatter. The effects of each, Ca2+ loading, energy depletion and oxidative stress on annexin-V-binding were significantly blunted in the presence of reversine (1-10 µM). The effect of ionomycin, but not the effects of energy depletion and oxidative stress on forward scatter were again significantly blunted in the presence of reversine (≥1 µM]. Conclusions: Reversine is a powerful inhibitor of cell membrane scrambling following energy depletion, Ca2+ loading and oxidative stress.

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44

Zohar, Moshe, Dima Bykhovsky, and Shlomo Hava. "Clarifying the Differences Between the p/n-Type Definitions Based on Materials and Energy Levels." Electronics 13, no. 24 (2024): 4906. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244906.

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Understanding the behavior of p-n junctions is fundamental in semiconductor physics and electronics engineering. Traditional teaching methods often focus on material-based definitions of p-type and n-type semiconductors by discussing doping. However, within the depletion region, an additional description is also applicable; this relates to the relative positioning of the energy, which depends on the energy discrepancy between the Fermi (Ef) and intrinsic Fermi (Ei) levels and is also based on carrier type. These two descriptions are at variance when describing the properties of the voltage drop and the energy band bending in the depletion regions of the p-n junction diode in equilibrium, and also when the doping is asymmetrical (Na≠Nd). Our experience teaching introductory semiconductor courses has revealed a lack of clarity regarding the behavior of the region types within the depletion region, which can, in turn, lead to confusion and hinder students’ understanding of the critical concept of voltage drop in the depletion region. This paper aims to underline the difference between the two descriptions above and propose specific terminology for the energy band-based definition in the depletion region; we suggest that instead of “n-type” and “p-type”, the terms “n-like” and “p-like” materials will be used. Further, building on the similarities in energy band bending and potential variations between p-n junctions and MOS capacitors, we suggest that studying the depletion region of p-n junctions can offer valuable insights into the formation and behavior of the inversion layer at the semiconductor surface of MOS capacitors.

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45

Muhammad Imran Malik, Shen Ting Zhi, and Umar Farooq. "Energy Depletion in MANET While Using AODV Routing Protocol." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences 4, no. 7 (2012): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/aiss.vol4.issue7.32.

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46

Tinguely, Patrick, Shiko M. Ben-Menahem, Fang He, and Georg von Krogh. "Creativity under Time Pressure? When Resources Buffer Energy Depletion." Academy of Management Proceedings 2019, no. 1 (2019): 12595. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2019.12595abstract.

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47

Desnitsky, V. A., and I. V. Kotenko. "Analysis of energy resource depletion attacks on wireless devices." Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Priborostroenie 61, no. 4 (2018): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17586/0021-3454-2018-61-4-291-297.

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Kalinchuk, Anna V., Anna-Sofia Urrila, Lauri Alanko, et al. "Local energy depletion in the basal forebrain increases sleep." European Journal of Neuroscience 17, no. 4 (2003): 863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02532.x.

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49

Bandura, Albert. "Failures in Self-Regulation: Energy Depletion or Selective Disengagement?" Psychological Inquiry 7, no. 1 (1996): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_3.

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Bhuiyan, Miraj Ahmed, Khalid Zaman, Alaa Mohamd Shoukry, et al. "Energy, tourism, finance, and resource depletion: panel data analysis." Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 13, no. 11-12 (2018): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2019.1572837.

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