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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Electrolyte tout solide"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Electrolyte tout solide"
Cluzeau, Benoît. "Développement de batteries lithium-ion « Tout solide » pour véhicules électriques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PAUU3071.
Texto completoImprovements in the performances of Li-ion batteries in the past two decades, has enabled the introduction of many electric cars on the market. However, demands regarding the safety, autonomy, and fast charging require the development of new and more efficient technologies.It was in this context that the RAISE 2024 project, in which this thesis is part of, was founded. This collaboration between ARKEMA, SAFT and the University of Pau and Adour Countries aims to develop a lithium ion battery with a solid electrolyte. The development of such a system has a double objective: the reinforcement of safety during operation, and the use of new electrode materials with higher capacity such as metallic lithium.To achieve this objective, two electrolytes were studied in this thesis. The first consists of a gelled electrolyte obtained by crosslinking of a polymer matrix. It provides good performance in terms of ionic conductivity at room temperature (10-3 S/cm). More than 700 cycles were achieved with this electrolyte in a battery cell before reaching 80% of initial capacity. The impact of polymer matrix on performance was studied through a series of electrochemical tests and surface analysis (XPS). Finally, safety tests (nail penetration) carried out on cells filled with this electrolyte show a significant reduction of energy released.Finally, a second ionic conductor was studied. It comes in the form of a polymer membrane, plasticized with an ionic liquid and a solvent. This membrane exhibits ionic conductivity above 10-4 S/cm at room temperature. Coupled with a gel electrolyte in electrodes to improve interfacial contact, the membrane shows a high resistance to lithium dendrites. A cell using this electrolyte and composed of NMC 811 as positive electrode and lithium metal as negative electrode performed 200 cycles at a rate of C/5, D/2 before losing 20% of its initial capacity
Auvergniot, Jérémie. "Étude des mécanismes aux interfaces électrode/électrolyte d’accumulateurs « bulk tout-solide »". Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3044/document.
Texto completoThe last two decades have shown a tremendous spreading of portable electronics, changing our society. This change was made possible by the invention of Li-ion batteries, which provide a high energy density for a low weight and volume. More recently the development of new applications, such as electric vehicles or renewable energies, has led to new needs in terms of electrochemical storage. For some applications, user safety will be as important as cost and energy density. On the other hand, research around Na-ion batteries focuses an increased interest, because they do not depend on lithium cost. Replacing organic liquid electrolytes with inorganic solid electrolytes is an interesting solution to improve the safety of batteries, because inorganic ionic conductors are nonflammable, stable at high temperature, and supposed to be chemically and electrochemically more stable. Using those materials in all-solid-state batteries has however several limiting factors, such as loss of contact between particle at the interfaces during cycling, and also chemical/electrochemical compatibility issues between materials. Another issue with this type of batteries is the interdiffusion of species at interfaces leading to an impedance increase during cycling. Several solutions exist to mitigate those issues, such coating the active material particles with a less reactive inorganic material. However there is a lack of knowledge on the species forming at those interfaces, knowledge which is needed to improve the performances of such systems. Studying those interfacial interactions and characterizing the species formed as those interfaces was the main topic of this Ph.D thesis.This work has been done in collaboration between two laboratories : IPREM (University of Pau - CNRS, France) and LRCS (University of Amiens - CNRS, France). Two solid electrolytes have been studied: the argyrodite Li6PS5Cl and the NaSICON Na3Zr2Si2PO12. Those materials have been synthetized, then integrated in bulk all-solid-state batteries and their interfaces were characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). Those two techniques provide us very complementary information, the first allowing identification and quantification of surface species, the second one giving access to the spatial repartition of elements at a nanometric level.The analysis of bulk all-solid-state batteries based on the electrolyte Na3Zr2Si2PO12 using the active material Na3V2(PO4)3 showed micromorphologic changes during cycling, as well as interdiffusion phenomena between particles. AES analysis also allowed us to describe self-discharge issues.The study of Li6PS5Cl-based batteries highlighted that this solid electrolyte is stable towards the negative electrode active material LTO. It however has interfacial reactivity towards positive electrode active materials such as LCO, NMC, LMO, LFP and LiV3O8. This reactivity leads to the formation of several species such as LiCl, P2Sx , Li2Sn , S0 and phosphates at the interface with Li6PS5Cl. In spite of the encountered interfacial reactivity issues, we managed to build all-solid-state batteries based on Li6PS5Cl showing a good capacity retention over 300 cycles when cycled between 2.8 and 3.4V
Navallon, Guillaume. "Caractérisation d'électrolytes composites pour batteries tout-solide par diffusion de neutrons et rayonnement synchrotron". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALY087.
Texto completoState-of-the-art lithium–ion technology is reaching its limits regarding applications as energy storage devices for electric mobility. In fact, both high energy density and safety standards requested by the market are hardly attainable with the actual materials and components. In theory, the current limitations could be overcome by the use of metallic lithium as the negative electrode, which would increase the energy density of the cell but would also require a mean to prevent lithium dendritic growth. In this context, polymer electrolytes are promising materials as their solid state could hinder the dendritic growth. Nevertheless, in practice, they still lack sufficient ionic conductivity. It has been reported that, in some conditions, the fabrication of composite material by adding fillers inside a polymer electrolyte can enhance the ionic conductivity. Some studies attributed this effect to beneficial interactions occurring at the interface between fillers and the polymer-lithium salt system. Other studies, on a larger scale, highlighted modifications of the polymer mobility in presence of filler. Together, these results suggest that fillers create faster conduction pathways surrounding them, which on a macroscopic scale could enhance the electrolyte conductivity.This thesis work aims at understanding the contribution of these effects on the transport properties, in order to clarify the role of fillers added inside a polymer electrolyte. The system under investigation is an electrolyte based on poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) and LiTFSI, inside which we mixed different proportion of alumina particles. We selected three kind of particles with different morphologies and crystalline phases. In order to study the impact of fillers at multiple scales, we combined characterizations in lab and at large-scale facilities. The ionic transport properties were studied by electrochemical techniques. The composite microstructure was probed by phase contrast X-ray imaging and small angle scattering - X-rays and neutrons. Several relevant microstructural parameters were identified, quantified, and then correlated with the properties of ion transport of the electrolyte. We showed that the density of hydroxyls on the surface of particles for a given volume of electrolyte could be increased two-fold depending on the filler type, and that this parameter is linked to the state of agglomeration of fillers and the homogeneity of their dispersion. This structural study is supplemented by a study on the dynamics of PTMC at the molecular scale by quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS). Our results show that the presence of lithium salt hinders the intrinsic mobility of PTMC, while in presence of alumina, the PTMC polymer backbone recovers a local mobility. At typical timescales of hundreds of picoseconds, relaxation times are divided by a factor two in presence of fillers.All the characterization conducted shed light on the impact of inert filler on the transport properties of polymer electrolyte. Inside a composite electrolyte, the presence of filler induce multiple effects that combine and the complex outcome depend on multiple factors. We showed that the extent of interactions at the interface between particles and polymer as well as variations in the local mobility of polymer correlate with changes in the ionic transport properties of the electrolyte. The understanding of these mechanisms establish an important step toward the optimization of composite formulation for the production of better performing composite electrolytes
Castro, Alexandre. "Développement de batteries tout solide sodium ion à base d’électrolyte en verre de chalcogénures". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S126/document.
Texto completoThe evolution of energy consumption in recent decades has led to major changes in the design of autonomous electrical systems dedicated to either electrical or electronic applications. The present demand to build generators capable of delivering sufficient energy, with a guarantee of maximum safety, requires to explore new storage routes. The current lithium battery routes tend to show their limits, both strategic and environmental. In this context, the construction of new electrochemical systems implementing sodium opens the way of the lithium-free accumulators production. The need for ever more efficient batteries requires innovative designs, giving up the liquid path in favor of stronger solid systems. In addition, the miniaturization of electronics leads to a review of the size of the batteries, to micro-type batteries, for which the interest of a solid stack is no longer to demonstrate. Today, sulfur chalcogenide glasses allow access to ionic conductivities that suggest the possibility of a realization of all solid batteries, both in the form of micro batteries or massive batteries. A research effort has been made to formulate these chalcogenide glasses in order to obtain a maximum of ionic conductivity and properties allowing their use as electrolytes. The composition of these glasses highlights the interest of the different elements for such properties. The study of the electrolyte shaping by thin-film deposition (obtained by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputering, RFMS) proves the feasibility of these all-solid sodium micro-batteries. Subsequently, the realization of massive all solid batteries required the synthesis of two cathode materials (NaCrO2 and Na [Ni0.25Fe0.5Mn0.25]O2) and two anode materials (Na15Sn4 and Na) thus allowing the implementation of four electrochemical stacks, all characterized as accumulators. Finally, the improvement of the interfaces thanks to a gel-polymer made it possible to improve the properties of the assemblies with notably an increase of the speeds of charge / discharge and an enhanced mobilization of the cathode active materials
Castillo, Adriana. "Structure et mobilité ionique dans les matériaux d’électrolytes solides pour batteries tout-solide : cas du grenat Li7-3xAlxLa3Zr2O12 et des Nasicon Li1.15-2xMgxZr1.85Y0.15(PO4)3". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX107/document.
Texto completoOne of the issues for the development of all-solid-state batteries is to increase the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes. The thesis work focuses on two types of materials as crystalline inorganic solid electrolytes: a Garnet Li7-3xAlxLa3Zr2O12 (LLAZO) and a Nasicon Li1.15-2xMgxZr1.85Y0.15(PO4)3 (LMZYPO). The objective of this study is to understand to what extent the conduction properties of the studied materials are impacted by structural modifications generated either by a particular treatment process, or by a modification of the chemical composition. Structural data acquired by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) were then crossed with ions dynamics data deduced from NMR measurements at variable temperature and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).The powders were synthesized after optimizing thermal treatments using solid-solid or sol-gel methods. Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique was used for the densification of the pellets used for ionic conductivity measurements by EIS.In the case of garnets LLAZO, the originality of our work is to have shown that a SPS sintering treatment, beyond the expected pellets densification, also generates structural modifications having direct consequences on the lithium ions mobility in the material and therefore on the ionic conductivity. A clear increase of the lithium ions microscopic dynamics after SPS sintering was indeed observed by variable temperature 7Li NMR measurements and the monitoring of the relaxation times.The second part of the study provides an exploratory work on the substitution of Li+ by Mg2+ in LMZYPO. We studied the ionic conduction properties of these mixed Li/Mg compounds, in parallel with a fine examination of the crystalline phases formed. We have showed in particular that the presence of Mg2+ favors the formation of the less conductive β’ (P21/n) and β (Pbna) phases, which explains the decrease of the ionic conductivity with the substitution level of Li+ by Mg2+ observed in these Nasicon type materials.Our work therefore highlights the crucial importance of structural effects on the conduction properties of ceramic solid electrolyte materials
Ravet, Nathalie. "Développement et caractérisations de constituants d'un système électrochrome tout solide : photo-électrochimie aux interfaces WO3/électrolyte polymère". Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0150.
Texto completoTarhouchi, Ilyas. "Etude des phases Li10MP2S12 (M=Sn, Si) comme électrolyte pour batteries tout-solide massives". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0220/document.
Texto completoBy replacing the liquid electrolyte by a solid one, solid state batteries are oftenconsidered as a solution to safety issues in current Li-ion batteries. The recentdiscovery of Li10GeP2S12 with so-called LGPS structure, which exhibits an ionicconductivity equivalent to that of liquid electrolytes, has boosted related researchactivities.In this perspective, we studied the Li10MP2S12 (M=Sn, Si) materials with LGPSstructure, using various methods to characterize the structure (XRD, 31P NMR,Mössbauer spectroscopy …), the ionic mobility/conductivity (7Li NMR, Impedancespectroscopy), and the electrochemical properties (cycling voltammetry,galvanostatic cycling) of the material.Commercially available Li10SnP2S12 batches contain impurities and there remains anambiguity in the actual composition of the LGPS type phase. Modelling of the 31PNMR shifts reveals the effect of lithium in neighboring octahedral sites. Impedencemeasurements suggest reactivity with Li metal, and cyclic voltammetry confirms thatthe material is highly unstable at low potential, which excludes its use as a simpleelectrolyte in solid state batteries. We propose that it might be used both as anelectrolyte and as a negative electrode.The preliminary study on silicon based materials highlights difficulties in obtaining apure LGPS-type compound and questions the real nature of the so-calledthio-LiSICON structural model. Besides, it also shows the instability of thesematerials versus lithium metal
Cozic, Solenn. "Étude des propriétés électriques et structurales de verres de sulfures au lithium pour électrolytes de batteries tout-solide". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S054/document.
Texto completoThe energy storage market is in constant growth for both portable and stationary applications. To satisfy the requirements of various applications (electronic devices, hybrid-electric vehicles, renewable energy storage…), always more efficient, more compact and lightweight batteries have to be developed. Then, thanks to their high energy densities, batteries using Li metal anodes are the most promising to complete this challenge. However, the use of conventional liquid electrolytes raises safety issues, mainly related to the flammability of the organic liquid. In this thesis, glassy materials, exhibiting great interest towards developing solid electrolytes are considered and might enable the development of safe and efficient all-solid-state batteries. Here, Li-sulfide glasses, attractive for their ionic conduction properties, have been studied and characterized. The ionic conduction properties of glasses are still misunderstood and controversial, the structural investigation of glasses is of great interest in order to get a better understanding of structure-properties relationship. Then, the short and intermediate range order of prepared glasses have been investigated by the mean of various complementary structural analysis techniques. Finally, glassy materials are usually quite easy to shape. Thus, studied glasses in this thesis can also be used as thin-film electrolytes in microbatteries. First tests of sputtering of conducting thin-films have been performed by RF magnetron sputtering and constitute a first step in order to design microbatteries
Morin, Pierrick. "Etude des propriétés d’électrolytes solides et d’interfaces dans les microbatteries tout solide : Cas du LiPON et des électrolytes soufrés". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI003/document.
Texto completoThe link between the structure and the electrochemicalproperties of thin-film electrolytes and the interface formed withthe cathode material LiCoO2 has been intensively studied bycoupling Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and X-rayPhotoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Nitrogen incorporation intoLiPON, reference solid-state electrolyte for microbatteries, ischaracterized by the formation of lithium and oxygen vacancies,increasing the lithium ions transport. A sulfide based thin filmelectrolyte called LiPOS has been developed by radiofrequencysputtering, with the incorporation of sulfur into the initial Li3PO4structure. The solid/solid interface between LiPON and LiCoO2 ischaracterized by a partial reduction of cobalt and oxidation ofLiPON, which is in all probability responsible of the increase of thecharge transfer resistance between the two materials
Maouacine, Koceila. "Matériaux hybrides poreux silice/polymère comme électrolytes pour batterie lithium-ion tout solide". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023AIXM0024.
Texto completoThe design of lithium-ion batteries using a solid electrolyte is currently one of the most studied ways to overcome safety problem of these devices. In this thesis work, we propose a new approach to develop a porous silica/polymer hybrid electrolyte, containing a higher weight fraction of mesoporous silica than polymer. Two morphologies of silica hybrid materials were studied: as compressed powders (pellets) and as thin films. In the first part of the work, a hybrid silica powder was synthesized and then calcined to liberate the porosity. The mesoporous silica was then functionalized with different polymers of PEG of low molecular weight then by a simple solution impregnation. The hybrid powders were shaped as pellets, presenting inter- and intra-particle porosity. It was shown that the hybrid pellets present promising ionic conductivity properties when the inter- and intraparticle porosities are filled with the PEG-LiTFSI complex for PEG of low molar mass (300-600 g/mol). In the second part, mesoporous silica films were deposited on a glassy carbon electrode using a rotating disc electrode (RDE). After the characterization of these films from a textural properties and a microstructure point of view, they were functionalized by the PEG-LiTFSI complex via an impregnation process and the preliminary study of their ionic conductivity was performed