Literatura académica sobre el tema "ELECTRICITY MARKET,AGGREGATOR,ELECTRIC VEHICLE"

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "ELECTRICITY MARKET,AGGREGATOR,ELECTRIC VEHICLE"

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Rashidizadeh-Kermani, Homa, Hamid Najafi, Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam y Josep Guerrero. "Optimal Decision-Making Strategy of an Electric Vehicle Aggregator in Short-Term Electricity Markets". Energies 11, n.º 9 (12 de septiembre de 2018): 2413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092413.

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This paper proposes the problem of decision making of an electric vehicle (EV) aggregator in a competitive market in the presence of different uncertain resources. In the proposed model, a bi-level problem is formulated where, in the upper-level, the objective of the aggregator is to maximize its expected profit through its interactions and, in the lower-level, the EV owners minimize their payments. Therefore, the objectives of the upper and the lower-level are contrary. To solve the obtained nonlinear bi-level program, Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions and strong duality are applied to transform the initial problem into a linear single-level problem. Moreover, to deal with various uncertainties, including market prices, EVs charge/discharge demands and the prices offered by rivals, a risk measurement tool is incorporated into the problem. The proposed model is finally applied to a test system and its effectiveness is evaluated. Simulation results show that the proposed approach has the potential to offer significant benefits to the aggregator and EV owners for better decision-making in an uncertain environment. During different situations, it is observed that with increasing risk-aversion factor, as the aggregator tries to hedge against volatilities, its purchases from day-ahead and negative balancing markets decreases significantly. However, the participation of EV aggregator in the positive balancing market increases accordingly to make more profit.
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Gomes, Isaias, Rui Melicio y Victor Mendes. "Comparison between Inflexible and Flexible Charging of Electric Vehicles—A Study from the Perspective of an Aggregator". Energies 13, n.º 20 (19 de octubre de 2020): 5443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205443.

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This paper is about the problem of the management of an aggregator of electric vehicles participating in an electricity market environment. The problem consists in the maximization of the expected profit through a formulation given by a stochastic programming problem to consider the uncertainty faced by the aggregator. This uncertainty is due to the day-ahead market prices and the driving requirements of the owners of the vehicles. Depending on the consent of the owners, inflexible charging to flexible charging is considered. Thus, the aggregator can propose different profiles and charging periods to the owners of electric vehicles. Qualitatively, as expected, the more flexible the vehicle owners, the higher the expected profit. The formulation, however, offers more to the aggregator and provides the ability to quantify the influence of consent of favorable driving requirements in the expected profit, allowing the aggregator to consider rewarding the owners of vehicles with more flexibility. Case studies addressed are for comparison of the influence of owners having inflexibility, partial flexibility, or flexibility in the expected profit of the aggregator.
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Essiet, Ima O. y Yanxia Sun. "Maximizing Demand Response Aggregator Compensation through Optimal RES Utilization: Aggregation in Johannesburg, South Africa". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 2 (14 de enero de 2020): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020594.

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This paper examines the role of demand response aggregators in minimizing the cost of electricity generation by distribution utilities in a day-ahead electricity market. In this paper, 2500 standard South African homes are considered as end users. Five clusters (and aggregators) are considered with 500 homes in each cluster. Two cases are analysed: (1) Utilization of renewable energy sources (RES) is implemented by the distribution supply operator (DSO), where it meets excess demand for end users during peak hours by purchasing electricity from the renewable sources of the energy market, and (2) Utilization of RES is implemented by end users alone, and it is assumed that every household has one plug-in electric vehicle (PEV). The aggregators then compete with each other for the most cost-effective energy usage profile; the aggregator with the least energy demand wins the bid. In both cases, energy pricing is estimated according to the day-ahead energy market. A typical day during winter in Johannesburg is considered for the simulation using a genetic algorithm (GA). Results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of demand response aggregators in maximizing the benefits on both sides of the electricity supply chain.
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Clairand, Jean-Michel. "Participation of Electric Vehicle Aggregators in Ancillary Services Considering Users’ Preferences". Sustainability 12, n.º 1 (18 de diciembre de 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010008.

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Growing environmental concerns have contributed to urban transit alternatives, such as Electric Vehicles (EVS). As a result, the market for EVs is growing each year, which are a solution to mitigate these concerns. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Although EVs present several environmental advantages, a massive introduction of them could generate power systems issues. Several works have proposed strategies to mitigate those issues. Since EVs posses batteries with significant capacity, they could provide services to the power grid, such as ancillary services. Thus, this paper presents a methodology where EVs could participate in Secondary frequency response through an EV aggregator. Moreover, EV user’s preferences are taken into account to facilitate their participation. The case study of Quito, Ecuador is considered. The results of this methodology show that the EV aggregator has a significant potential for providing electricity market regulation services, especially in view of the use of V2G mode.
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Park Lee, Esther H., Zofia Lukszo y Paulien Herder. "Conceptualization of Vehicle-to-Grid Contract Types and Their Formalization in Agent-Based Models". Complexity 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3569129.

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Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) have the potential to be used as flexible power plants in future energy systems. To integrate FCEVs through vehicle-to-grid (V2G), agreements are needed between the FCEV owners and the actor that coordinates V2G on behalf of them, usually considered the aggregator. In this paper, we argue that, depending on the purpose of providing V2G and the goal of the system or the aggregator, different types of contracts are needed, not currently considered in the literature. We propose price-based, volume-based, and control-based contracts. Using agent-based modeling and simulation we show how price-based contracts can be applied for selling V2G in the wholesale electricity market and how volume-based contracts can be used for balancing the local energy supply and demand in a microgrid. The models can provide a base to explore strategies in the market and to improve performance in a system highly dependent on V2G.
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Ni, Feng, Linfang Yan, Ke Wu, Mengxuan Shi, Jianyu Zhou y Xia Chen. "Hierarchical Optimization of Electric Vehicle System Charging Plan Based on the Scheduling Priority". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, n.º 13 (4 de febrero de 2019): 1950221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619502219.

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Unregulated charging of a large number of electric vehicles (EVs) simultaneously may cause electricity shortages and price spikes in the power market. This paper deals with the optimization of EV charging strategy using the priority sequence. Firstly, the evaluation indices such as the schedulable interval ratio, the emergency probability and the battery losses are proposed. Then a comprehensive evaluation system for the EV scheduling priority is established by adopting the entropy weight method to incorporate multiple indices. Based on the scheduling priority obtained, a double-hierarchical optimal model is proposed, taking into account the constraints such as the demand of the EV owner. Its upper objective aims to minimize the sum of the square of deviation between the actual and the required schedulable capacity of EV aggregator over every interval. The lower one minimizes the sum of EV scheduling priority sequence over the scheduling interval. Case studies with 100 EVs show that the hierarchical optimization model can assist EV aggregator in making effective charging scheme. It is also observed that better flexibility for dispatching EVs can be achieved using multiple indices with weights.
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Perez-Diaz, Alvaro, Enrico Harm Gerding y Frank McGroarty. "Catching Cheats: Detecting Strategic Manipulation in Distributed Optimisation of Electric Vehicle Aggregators". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 67 (5 de marzo de 2020): 437–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11573.

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Given the rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide, and the ambitious targets set for the near future, the management of large EV fleets must be seen as a priority. Specifically, we study a scenario where EV charging is managed through self-interested EV aggregators who compete in the day-ahead market in order to purchase the electricity needed to meet their clients' requirements. With the aim of reducing electricity costs and lowering the impact on electricity markets, a centralised bidding coordination framework has been proposed in the literature employing a coordinator. In order to improve privacy and limit the need for the coordinator, we propose a reformulation of the coordination framework as a decentralised algorithm, employing the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). However, given the self-interested nature of the aggregators, they can deviate from the algorithm in order to reduce their energy costs. Hence, we study the strategic manipulation of the ADMM algorithm and, in doing so, describe and analyse different possible attack vectors and propose a mathematical framework to quantify and detect manipulation. Importantly, this detection framework is not limited to the considered EV scenario and can be applied to general ADMM algorithms. Finally, we test the proposed decentralised coordination and manipulation detection algorithms in realistic scenarios using real market and driver data from Spain. Our empirical results show that the decentralised algorithm's convergence to the optimal solution can be effectively disrupted by manipulative attacks achieving convergence to a different non-optimal solution which benefits the attacker. With respect to the detection algorithm, results indicate that it achieves very high accuracies and significantly outperforms a naive benchmark.
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-Guarin, J. Garcia, W. Infante, J. Ma, D. Alvarez y S. Rivera. "Optimal scheduling of smart microgrids considering electric vehicle battery swapping stations". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, n.º 5 (1 de octubre de 2020): 5093. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5093-5107.

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Smart microgrids belong to a set of networks that operate independently. These networks have technologies such as electric vehicle battery swapping stations that aim to economic welfare with own resources of smart microgrids. These resources should support other services, for example, the supply of energy at peak hours. This study addresses the formulation of a decision matrix based on operating conditions of electric vehicles and examines economically viable alternatives for a battery swapping station. The decision matrix is implemented to manage the swapping, charging, and discharging of electric vehicles. Furthermore, this study integrates a smart microgrid model to assess the operational strategies of the aggregator, which can act like a prosumer by managing both electric vehicle battery swapping stations and energy storage systems. The smart microgrid model proposed includes elements used for demand response and generators with renewable energies. This model investigates the effect of the wholesale, local and electric-vehicle markets. Additionally, the model includes uncertainty issues related to the planning for the infrastructure of the electric vehicle battery swapping station, variability of electricity prices, weather conditions, and load forecasting. This article also analyzes how both the user and the providers maximize their economic benefits with the hybrid optimization algorithm called variable neighborhood search - differential evolutionary particle swarm optimization. The strategy to organize the infrastructure of these charging stations reaches a reduction of 72% in the overall cost. This reduction percentage is obtained calculating the random solution with respect to the suboptimal solution.
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Zheng, Yanchong, Hang Yu, Ziyun Shao y Linni Jian. "Day-ahead bidding strategy for electric vehicle aggregator enabling multiple agent modes in uncertain electricity markets". Applied Energy 280 (diciembre de 2020): 115977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115977.

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Gonzalez Vaya, Marina y Goran Andersson. "Optimal Bidding Strategy of a Plug-In Electric Vehicle Aggregator in Day-Ahead Electricity Markets Under Uncertainty". IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 30, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2015): 2375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2014.2363159.

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Tesis sobre el tema "ELECTRICITY MARKET,AGGREGATOR,ELECTRIC VEHICLE"

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Thiruthni, Monika. "Optimal bidding strategies of an electric vehicle aggregator in an electricity market". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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In recent years Electric Vehicles (EVs) are getting more importance as future transport systems, due to the increase of the concerns relevant to the greenhouse gases emission and the use fossil fuel. The management of the charging and discharging process of EVs could provide new business model for participating in the electricity markets. Moreover, vehicle to grid systems have the potential of increasing utility system flexibility. This thesis develops some models for the optimal integration of the EVs in the electricity market. In particular, the thesis focuses on the optimal bidding strategy of an EV aggregator participating to both the day ahead market and the secondary reserve market. The aggregator profit is maximized taking into account the energy balance equation, as well as the technical constraints of energy settlement, power supply and state of charge of the EVs. The results obtained by using the GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling System) environment are presented and discussed.
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Lambert, Quentin. "Business Models for an Aggregator : Is an Aggregator economically sustainable on Gotland?" Thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98482.

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Under the determined impulse of the European Union to limit the environmental impact of energy-related services, the electricity sector will face several challenges in coming years. Integrating renewable energy sources in the distribution networks is certainly one of the most urging issues to be tackled with. The current grid and production structure cannot absorb the high penetration shares anticipated for 2020 without putting at risk the entire system. The innovative concept of smart grid offers promising solutions and interesting implementation possibilities. The objective of the thesis is to specifically study the technical and economic benefits that the creation of an aggregator on the Swedish island of Gotland would imply. Comparing Gotland's power system characteristics to the broad variety of solutions offered by demand side management, wind power integration enhancement by demand response appeared particularly suited. A business case, specifically oriented towards the minimisation of transmission losses by adapting the electric heat load of private households to the local wind production was designed. Numerical simulations have been conducted, evaluating the technical and economic outcomes, along with the environmental benets, under the current conditions on Gotland. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to determine the key parameters for a successful implementation. A prospective scenario for 2020, with the addition of electric vehicles, has finally been simulated to estimate the long term profitability of an aggregator on the island. The simulation results indicate that despite patent technical benefits for the distribution network, the studied service would not be profitable in the current situation on Gotland. This, because the transmission losses through the HVDC-cable concern limited amounts of power that are purchased on a market characterized by relatively cheap prices and low volatility. Besides, the high fixed costs the aggregator has to face to install technical equipment in every household constitutes another barrier to its setting up.
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Bessa, Ricardo Jorge Gomes de Sousa Bento. "Methodologies for the Participation of an Electric Vehicles' Aggregator in the Electricity Markets". Tese, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/73890.

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Bessa, Ricardo Jorge Gomes de Sousa Bento. "Methodologies for the Participation of an Electric Vehicles' Aggregator in the Electricity Markets". Doctoral thesis, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/73890.

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Faria, António Sérgio Barbosa. "A chance-constrained approach for electric vehicle aggregator participation in the reserve market". Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/121802.

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As recorrentes preocupações ambientais têm levado a que se verifiquem alterações nos sistemas de energia, sendo que a aposta em sistemas distribuídos é já uma realidade, contudo a aposta em energia renovável está, normalmente, associada a intermitência no que diz respeito ao aproveitamento de energia proveniente do sol, vento, ondas, etc. Assim, neste paradigma, surgem os veículos elétricos que fazem parte do sistema e têm boas perspetivas de verem a sua penetração a aumentar exponencialmente num futuro próximo, pelo que devem ser estudadas novas formas de relação entre este recurso e os agentes de mercado. Neste momento, já é possível carregar e descarregar os veículos elétricos, o que, auxiliado pelas decisões e algoritmos corretos, pode contribuir com um apoio fundamental para a rede de energia tratar de forma simplificada congestionamentos e variações nos valores nominais de tensão e frequência. Tudo isto, está dependente da disponibilidade do proprietário do veículo para fornecer este tipo de serviço e que estados mínimos de carga sejam assegurados para as viagens diárias. Geralmente, os operadores da rede elétrica gerem elevados níveis de geração e carga, pelo que surge a necessidade do conceito de agregador de veículos elétricos, que terá a função de juntar vários veículos elétricos para assim corresponder de forma mais eficaz e com capacidade de oferta conforme as necessidades da rede.Neste trabalho, pretende-se otimizar o lucro do agregador, que poderá estar sujeito a penalidades em caso de falha no fornecimento de reserva a subir ou a descer, não colocando de parte a fiabilidade no fornecimento do serviço ao mercado de reserva. Deste modo, são utilizadas técnicas de otimização estocástica que pretendem modelar incertezas de uma pequena frota de veículos elétricos como disponibilidade para fornecer o serviço e perfis de consumo. A técnica de otimização chance-constrained, mais precisamente as relaxações Big-M e McCormick, são aplicadas a fim de analisar o risco da oferta que o agregador deve submeter em mercado.Para situações de mercado real, mais precisamente o FCR-N na Dinamarca, são explorados diversos cenários para diferentes níveis de risco submetidos em mercado, diferentes probabilidades de o veículo estar conectado à rede
The recurring environmental concerns have led to changes in energy systems, and the investment in distributed systems is in progress, however, the investment in renewable energy is usually associated with intermittent with regard to the use of energy from the sun, wind, waves, etc. Thus, within this scope, electric vehicles that are part of the system rises and stand good chances of seeing their penetration increase significantly in the near future, so new forms of relationship between this resource and the market agents should be addressed. At this point, it is already possible to charge and discharge electric vehicles, which, aided by correct decisions and algorithms, can contribute with a fundamental support for the energy network to deal in a simplified way with congestion and fluctuations in voltage and frequency. It all depends on the willingness of the vehicle owner to provide this type of service and that minimum states of charge are ensured for the daily trips. In general, electricity grid operators manage high power generation and load capacities, so there is a demand for the concept of electric vehicle aggregator, which will have the function to bring together several electric vehicles to correspond more effectively and with supply capacity according to the requirements of the grid.The aim of this work is to optimise the profit of the aggregator, which may be subject to penalties in the event of a failure in the provision of reserve upward or downward, regardless of the reliability in the provision of the service to the reserve market. Therefore, stochastic optimization techniques are used to model uncertainties of a small fleet of electric vehicles as availability to provide the service and consumption profiles. The optimization technique chance-constrained, namely Big-M and McCormick the relaxation methods, are applied in order to analyze the risk the aggregator must submit in the market. For real market cases, specifically the FCR-N in Denmark, several scenarios are analyzed for different levels of risk submitted in the market, different probabilities of the vehicle being connected to the grid.
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Ferreira, João C. "Mobi-System: towards an information system to support sustainable mobility with electric vehicle integration". Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/28871.

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Tese de doutoramento do Programa Doutoral em Líderes para as Indústrias Tecnológicas (Programa MIT-Portugal - Área EDAM)
The current Thesis proposes the conceptual aspects and the preliminary prototype of a mobile information system to support information integration and manipulation towards the Electric Vehicle (EV) introduction, and the support of mobility process in urban environments, giving recommendations to drivers about EV range autonomy, charging stations, electricity market, and also as route planner taking into account public transportation, car or bike sharing systems. The main work objective is the creation of an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platform based on successful approaches developed in the Computer Science Area, recommender systems, cooperative systems and mobile devices, to help the driver of EV by giving real time information related with EV charging process, range autonomy, electricity market participation, and also smart mobility process in cities by giving guidance towards best route options, taking into account time travel and CO2 emissions. Based on the analysis of the problem a conceptual system and a prototype application were created under the designation “Mobi-System”, designed to mobile devices, with relevant information oriented to: (1) EV charging process; (2) EV range autonomy; (3) electricity market participation; and (4) mobility process in smart cities of the future. In this work it was developed an application to store data related with EV charging/discharging process, for further intelligent analysis and remote interaction with the charging system, determining a smart charging procedure, taking into account the distribution electrical system limitations, and the creation of communities with participation in the electricity market. A range estimation and representation process is introduced as part of the help process to assist EV drivers. An Aggregator system and a collaborative broker for distributed energy sources are proposed, taking into account the electricity market. A proposal for data integration of different transportation sources and a multimodal best route path are proposed based on CO2 emissions and time travel.
O presente trabalho consiste na concepção e discussão do sistema Mobi-System, que disponibiliza informação relevante para condutores de veículos elétricos (VE), tendo em conta os problemas dos carregamentos dos VE, a gestão da ansiedade de autonomia (range anxiety) dos condutores, a participação no mercado de energia elétrica, a integração das fontes de energia renováveis, bem como a integração de informação de transportes públicos e a criação de sistemas para gerir o problema da mobilidade sustentável em cidades inteligentes (smart cities). O objectivo principal do trabalho é o uso apropriado de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) baseada em abordagens bem-sucedidas desenvolvidas na área da informática, como os sistemas de recomendação, sistemas cooperativos e dispositivos móveis para ajudar o condutor de VE, dando informações relevantes em tempo real, orientando o condutor para os pontos de carregamento públicos, ou para o melhor caminho tendo em conta o tempo e as políticas ambientais, nomeadamente as emissões de CO2. Com base na análise do problema, um sistema conceitual e uma aplicação protótipo foram criadas sob a designação de Mobi-System, projetada para dispositivos móveis com informações relevantes orientadas a: (1) processo de carregamento do VE feito num local público com a orientação e a reserva de slots de carregamento, ou em casa com a programação do processo de carregamento lento, tendo em conta limitações de potência; (2) gestão assistida da autonomia dos VE; (3) participação no mercado de energia, pela criação de comunidades de condutores com capacidade de participar no mercado de energia, dado o VE poder atuar como um armazenador de energia; e (4) processo de mobilidade em cidades inteligentes do futuro, com a proposta de integração de dados de diferentes tipos de transporte, com indicação do trajeto de melhor rota multimodal, proposto com base nas emissões de CO2 e no tempo das viagens.
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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "ELECTRICITY MARKET,AGGREGATOR,ELECTRIC VEHICLE"

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Farahmand-Zahed, Amir, Sayyad Nojavan y Kazem Zare. "Robust Scheduling of Plug-In Electric Vehicles Aggregator in Day-Ahead and Reserve Markets". En Electricity Markets, 199–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36979-8_9.

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Sharma, S., P. Jain y P. P. Gupta. "Risk-Averse G2V Scheduling of Electric Vehicle Aggregator for Improved Market Operations". En Intelligent Computing Techniques for Smart Energy Systems, 195–203. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0214-9_23.

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Adnan, Nadia, Shahrina Md Nordin, Imran Rahman, Pandian Vasant y Muhammad Amir Noor. "An Overview of Electric Vehicle Technology". En Green Marketing and Environmental Responsibility in Modern Corporations, 198–220. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2331-4.ch011.

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Modern studies on green technologies for transportation sector are attaining attraction among the research communities from diverse parts. We learn the significance of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles which play a key role toward the policy option to reduce the environmental concern. There are major uncertainties in the diffusion of electric vehicles timing of market diffusion among consumers. However, there has been a considerable effort made towards the benefit of electric vehicles demand. Yet, the debates on consumer behavior towards the adoption of electric vehicles are less recognized. Researcher's highlighting the significance of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles from a combined perspective considering V2G technology which allows bi-directional flow of electricity. On the other hand, when electric vehicles are recharged from electricity produced from conventional technology power plants such as oil or coal-fired plants, they may produce equal or sometimes more greenhouse gas emissions than conventional gasoline vehicles.
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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "ELECTRICITY MARKET,AGGREGATOR,ELECTRIC VEHICLE"

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Zhang, Huajun, Xian Wang y Shaohua Zhang. "Equilibrium models of electricity market considering wind power producer and electric vehicle aggregator". En 2018 Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2018.8407852.

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Gonzalez Vaya, Marina y Goran Andersson. "Optimal bidding strategy of a plug-in electric vehicle aggregator in day-ahead electricity markets". En 2013 10th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2013.6607304.

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Bessa, R. J., M. A. Matos y F. J. Soares. "Framework for the participation of EV aggregators in the electricity market". En 2014 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ievc.2014.7056228.

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Zhao, Yuxuan, Changsen Feng, Zhenzhi Lin, Fushuan Wen, Chuan He y Zhemin Lin. "Development of Optimal Bidding Strategy for an Electric Vehicle Aggregator in a Real-Time Electricity Market". En 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt-asia.2018.8467845.

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Perez Diaz, Alvaro, Enrico H. Gerding y Frank McGroarty. "Catching Cheats: Detecting Strategic Manipulation in Distributed Optimisation of Electric Vehicle Aggregators (Extended Abstract)". En Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/714.

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We consider a scenario where self-interested Electric Vehicle (EV) aggregators compete in the day-ahead electricity market in order to purchase the electricity needed to meet EV requirements. We propose a novel decentralised bidding coordination algorithm based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). Our simulations using real market and driver data from Spain show that the algorithm is able to significantly reduce energy costs for all participants. Furthermore, we postulate that strategic manipulation by deviating agents is possible in decentralised algorithms like ADMM. Hence, we describe and analyse different possible attack vectors and propose a mathematical framework to quantify and detect manipulation. Our simulations show that our ADMM-based algorithm can be effectively disrupted by manipulative attacks achieving convergence to a different non-optimal solution which benefits the attacker. At the same time, our proposed manipulation detection algorithm achieves very high accuracy.
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Dodder, Rebecca, Tyler Felgenhauer, William Yelverton y Carey King. "Water and Greenhouse Gas Tradeoffs Associated With a Transition to a Low Carbon Transportation System". En ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63991.

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Transportation fuels are heavily dominated by the use of petroleum, but concerns over oil depletion (e.g., peak oil), energy security, and greenhouse gas emissions from petroleum combustion are driving the search for alternatives. As we look to shift away from petroleum-based transportation fuels, most options consume and withdraw more water during their life cycle. Thus, shifting to alternative fuel and energy supplies for transportation will likely increase water use for the transportation sector. Previous work suggests that water consumption for transportation could reach 10% of total U.S. water consumption when meeting the Federal Renewable Fuels Standard mandate at modest irrigation levels for feedstock crops (corn, cellulosic grasses) in combination with other alternative fuels and vehicle technologies (electric vehicles, natural gas vehicles, etc.), but more refined analysis is needed. It is important to understand when and where these new water demands for transportation are anticipated to occur. This paper presents results from simulations of the U.S. 9-region (EPAUS9r) MARKAL (MARKet ALlocation) integrated energy systems model for mapping the changes in water withdrawal and consumption during a transition to a low carbon-emitting U.S. transportation fleet. The advantage of using a bottom-up, multi-sector model like MARKAL is the ability to look at consistent scenarios for the full energy system, and endogenously capture interactions between different sectors (e.g. electric power production, biorefineries, and the LDV fleet). MARKAL can simulate a baseline scenario driven by assumptions for biomass feedstock and fossil resource costs and availability, as well as the costs of converting those resources to liquid fuels and electricity. We investigate alternative scenarios both with and without carbon constraints, while varying the pace of vehicle electrification. We compare these scenarios to assess regional differences in water needs as well as aggregate water demand for transportation energy, and how those trade off against greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Our results indicate that the regional water demands and interregional transfers of embodied water could be significant as the light-duty vehicle fleet moves away from petroleum-based fuels, with exports of embodied water on the order of hundreds of billion gallons of water per year for ethanol coming from the Midwest. Interregional transfers of water embodied in electricity may also reach tens of billion gallons of water per year. However, these water requirements will vary substantially based on the light-duty vehicle mix, carbon policy, electric power generation mix, biofuel production levels, and feedstock characteristics.
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Wu, Zhouyang, Junjie Hu, Jiechen Wu y Xin Ai. "Optimal Charging Strategy of an Electric Vehicle Aggregator in Ancillary Service Market". En 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt-asia.2019.8881131.

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Sikdar, Swapan y Karen Rudie. "A decentralised electricity market model: An electric vehicle charging example". En 2014 IEEE 27th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2014.6900995.

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Sharma, Suman, Prerna Jain, Rohit Bhakar y Pranda Prasanta Gupta. "Time of Use Price based Vehicle to Grid Scheduling of Electric Vehicle Aggregator for Improved Market Operations". En 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt-asia.2018.8467857.

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Olivella-Rosell, P., G. Bosch-Llufriu, R. Villafafila-Robles, D. Heredero-Peris, Mario Kovacevic y Niels Leemput. "Assessment of the impact of Electric vehicles on iberian day-ahead electricity market". En 2014 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ievc.2014.7056160.

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