Tesis sobre el tema "Effets sonores – Modèles mathématiques"
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Vanhatalo, Tara. "Simulation en temps réel d'effets audio non-linéaires par intelligence artificielle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0077.
Texto completoCertain products in the realm of music technology have uniquely desirable sonic characteristics that are often sought after by musicians. These characteristics are often due to the nonlinearities of their electronic circuits. We are concerned with preserving the sound of this gear through digital simulations and making them widely available to numerous musicians. This field of study has seen a large rise in the use of neural networks for the simulation in recent years. This work applies neural networks for the task. Particularly, we focus on real-time capable black-box methods for nonlinear effects modelling, with the guitarist in mind. We cover the current state-of-the-art and identify areas warranting improvement or study with a final goal of product development. A first step of identifying architectures capable of real-time processing in a streaming manner is followed by augmenting and improving these architectures and their training pipeline through a number of methods. These methods include continuous integration with unit testing, automatic hyperparameter optimisation, and the use of transfer learning. A real-time prototype utilising a custom C++ backend is created using these methods. A study in real-time anti-aliasing for black-box models is presented as it was found that these networks exhibit high amounts of aliasing distortion. Work on user control incorporation is also started for a comprehensive simulation of the analogue systems. This enables a full range of tone-shaping possibilities for the end user. The performance of the approaches presented is assessed both through objective and subjective evaluation. Finally, a number of possible directions for future work are also presented
Chati, Farid. "Diffusion acoustique par des objets cylindriques comportant un matériau viscoélastique". Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0014.
Texto completoSibert, Alexandre. "Héritabilité non génétique de la fécondité : effets sur le polymorphisme". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MNHN0017.
Texto completoThe transmission of fertility from one generation to the next is well documented. Several population genetics models integrate this phenomenon, assuming a genetic basis. Nevertheless, non-genetic inherance of fertility was described in some Human populations, whose subtle effects on genetic diversity are unknown. The present work describes an extension of the Wright-Fisher model for axesual populations, suitable for the simulation of any kind of fertility inherance. The probability of fertility is introduced as a key notion, and an algorithm for the simulation of fertility transmission from parents to their offspring is developed for a constant size population. The demographic and genealogical properties of this model show that the effects of fertility inheritance cannot be compared with any of the various models studied until now (selection, size variations, ect. ). The careful study of genetic diversity confirms these results and paradoxically shows that current neutrality tests do not allow one to distinguish between fertility inheritance and some types of selection or population expansion. Therefore, the detection of fertility inheritance from observed polymorphism data remains an open question
Busso, Thierry. "Validation expérimentale d'un modèle mathématique des effets de l'entraînement sur la performance". Saint-Etienne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STET4007.
Texto completoCarbonnell, Frédéric. "Étude de la prise en compte des effets instationnaires dans les simulations numériques (laminaire/turbulent)". Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT110H.
Texto completoDuhamel, Jean. "Effets diffusionnels dans la formation d'excimères intermoléculaires". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10401.
Texto completoBonnomet, Vincent. "Modélisation mathématique des effets toxiques sur les espèces vivantes". Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10061.
Texto completoDecreux, Yvan. "Analyse des effets de l'ouverture commerciale sur les rémunérations des facteurs en Tunisie". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010014.
Texto completoRybalko, Volodymyr. "Effets de mémoire dans quelques modèles de milieux fortement hétérogènes". Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077109.
Texto completoRamjauny, Yaasiin. "A model system to give an insight into the behaviour of gold nanoparticles under ion irradiation". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/56/51/45/PDF/these_ramjauny.pdf.
Texto completoEn anglais : Nanocomposites fabricated with ion-based techniques have a number of attractive characteristics. However, the main and most crucial diculty in obtaining commercial NPs-based devices is the inability to produce a suitable narrow size and spatial NP distributions. The objective of this thesis is twofold: i) to go further in the description of the behavior of the ion-driven NPs and ii) to overcome the limitations related to the ion-beam techniques providing a guideline methodology to rationalize the synthesis of NPs when ion-beams are used. Thus, a model system is fabricated. It consists of chemically synthesized metallic nanoparticles sandwiched between two silica layers. We show how the ion irradiation and the temperature can be used to tune the size distribution of the embedded NPs. Moreover, we show that when an initially large NPs size distribution is considered, the study of the growth kinetic of the NPs under irradiation can be problematic. Our model system is than used to investigate in detail the behavior of the NPs under irradiation. We show that the evolution of the precipitate phase under irradiation is successfully described by an Ostwald ripening mechanism in an open system limited by the diusion. Moreover, the concentration threshold for nucleation as well as the surface tension and the gold diusivity in silica under irradiation is estimated. Finally, direct and inverse Ostwald ripening processes under irradiation are systematically investigated and the existing theoretical models experimentally checked
Guyonne, Vincent. "Modèles mathématiques pour flammes sphériques". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13440.
Texto completoPéry, Alexandre. "Modélisation des effets des toxiques sur le chironome Chironomus riparius de l'individu à la population". Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10117.
Texto completoMady, Franck. "Modélisation des phénomènes de transport et des effets de charge dans les matériaux isolants". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2026.
Texto completoThe fundamentals properties of insulating materials as well as their technological performances are strongly influenced by the electric charges they have stored. The charging-up of the insulator can be provoked by various stresses suffered by the sample. It is responsible for the appearance of an electric field which favours the aging and the breakdown of the material. The eradication of such undesirable effects requires a good understanding of the charging mechanisms
Elghaouty, Ahmed. "Contribution à la modélisation de la diffusion acoustique dans le domaine temporel par la méthode des équations intégrales". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-195.pdf.
Texto completoGalpin, Jérémy. "Modélisation LES de la combustion avec une prise en compte des effets de cinétique détaillée et en perspective d'application moteur". St Etienne du Rouvray, INSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ISAM0018.
Texto completoHurez, Anita. "Modélisation du comportement de stratifiés avec prise en compte de l'évolution de l'endommagement à l'aide d'un élément de plaque incluant les effets de cisaillement transversal". Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD564.
Texto completoChateau, Jean. "Effets macro-économiques des politiques publiques incitatives". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010070.
Texto completoThis work presents some public policy rules in a mix-economy. Following analytic methods of optimal fiscal policy and costs-benefits theories it shows that these recommendations depend on the goals of the government and on the constraints of the whole economy. The chosen analytical framework is the intertemporal equilibrium model with some government. Public intervention is described by two features : a provision of a pure public good and some distorsives tax instruments. The evaluation of the public policy is based upon a social welfare function. The first part presents some optimal public policy rules in an intertemporal framework with heterogeneous households. The novelty of the work lays in the private profits, some additional constraints on the fiscal power and on the adoption of the primal approach for the reasoning. The second part deals with the "extension" of the previous results in a dynamic macro-economic framework. The main subjects studied are those of the fiscal equivalence,the conditions under which the capital incomes are taxed at the long-run range and the link between the public provision and its distorsive financing. The aim of the last part is to analyze the public debt in the previous context. We study the macroeconomic and welfare effects of some deficit policies when the ricardian equivalence fails to hold because public policy is distorsive. We conclude that the nature of the deficit policy and the parameters of the economy greatly matter in the determination of these effects
Chadli, Lalla Saâdia. "Modélisation numérique de la diffusion d'une onde acoustique par un dièdre immergé dans un fluide : théorie et comparaison avec les résultats expérimentaux". Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10083.
Texto completoBourguignon, Elsa Sophie Odile. "Dessalement de matériaux poreux modèles par la méthode des compresses". Paris Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/49/43/21/PDF/EBourguignon_PhD_2009.pdf.
Texto completoEn anglais : Poultices, wet adhesive pastes applied to porous materials to draw out salts, are used in the in situ conservation of built heritage. This study aims to better understand the mechanisms of water and ion transport during desalination to improve its efficiency. Sodium chloride crystallization in laboratory-made model porous samples (sintered glass beads) was carried out to master the artificial salting process. Poultices made of kaolin, cellulose, aggregates, and water were characterized to investigate the relationship between their formulation and their properties. Finally, desalination experiments were conducted. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used throughout the studies to obtain the spatial distribution of water in the different elements non-destructively. Desalination efficiency is related to the system drying behavior which, in turn, depends partly on the material microstructure. Drying of the material before the poultice seems to lead to greater desalination efficiency
Turgeon, Félix. "Estimation des effets de pairs dans le milieu scolaire québécois". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25224/25224.pdf.
Texto completoRakotoniaina, Jean-Claude. "La transition de phase du dioxyde de vanadium thermochrome : substitution chimique et effets de pression. Elaborations, caractérisations et modélisations". Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11068.
Texto completoBourgeois, Frédéric. "Élaboration des modèles rhéologiques des argilites et bétons partiellement saturés avec prise en compte de la microfissuration". Lille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL10056.
Texto completoBen, Kilanie Imed Eddine. "Les effets didactiques des différences de fonctionnement de la négation dans la langue arabe, la langue française et le langage mathématique". Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10195.
Texto completoLecysyn, Nicolas. "Etude et modélisation des effets d'un impact balistique sur un réservoir". Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX11072.
Texto completoThis study is intended to improve our knowledge about the sequence of events that occurs when a high-speed projectile (from 960 m. S. -1 to 1480 m. S-1) penetrates a vessel filled with toxic liquid. We find that prior to liquid ejection, several well-defined phases occur, including the phenomenon known as the "hydraulic ram". Then, a catastrophic tank failure leads to liquid ejection and fragmentation. This paper focuses on this phenomenon and explains how it can be related to the initial conditions of the target
Fothi, Abdellah. "Effets induits de la turbulence benthique sur les mécanismes de croissance du périphyton". Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT027H.
Texto completoGaetano, Andrea de. "Mathematical modelling of the glucose-insulin system". Pau, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PAUU1022.
Texto completoFlandrin-Le, Maire Gwénaëlle. "Les facteurs financiers dans le cycle économique : l'importance des effets de patrimoine pour les ménages et pour les entreprises". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010012.
Texto completoNAJCHAUS, RICHARD. "Effets de bord dans les plaques stratifiees composites elastiques". Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066695.
Texto completoTulet, Olivier. "Intégration des effets spatiaux et spatiotemporels dans la prédiction de l'apparence colorée". Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Tulet-Olivier/2009-Tulet-Olivier-These.pdf.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis aims to study the spatial and temporal behaviour of the human visual system colour perception. Modulations, whether spatial, temporal or spatio-temporal of stimuli alter our perception of colour and a lot of works try to measure this influence. It is to take account of these phenomena by a colour appearance model (CAM) that this work was carried out. To meet this need various psychophysical tests were conducted. The first of these tests was to measure the influence of spatial variations on the perception of colours in a standard environment. The results of this test were modelled and then integrated into the CAM normalized by CIE : The CIECAM02. This new model, able to take into account the spatial modulations, can correct the appearance of spatially modulated stimuli like existing CAMs in addition to the spatial effect. An extension of this model to images was then performed. This extension makes use of the frequency properties of the image in order to enhance the colour contrast and / or apply a correction based on the colour constancy. Different tests were made on this model and are presented in this work. Finally, a measure of the influence of spatio-temporal modulations was performed using a psychophysical test. The results of the latter allow to measure the influence of these modulations on our colour perception of a dynamic stimulus. The model emerged from these experiences has been incorporated in CIECAM02 leading to ST-CIECAM02. This model can now take into account and correct the colour appearance of video stimuli. Among the future work, we can include a consideration of the influence of the orientation and an extension of ST-CIECAM to correct the appearance of video sequences
Varvenne, Céline. "Etude des effets de taille atomiques sur les diagrammes de phases et les microstructures". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066674.
Texto completoHladky, Anne-Christine. "Application de la méthode des éléments finis à la modélisation de structures périodiques utilisées en acoustique". Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10042.
Texto completoBaillard, André. "Influence de raidisseurs longitudinaux sur la diffusion acoustique par un tube : théorie et expérience". Le Havre, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LEHA0001.
Texto completoNundloll, Sapna. "Dos and don'ts in augmentative biological control : insights from mathematical modelling". Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4054.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the mathematical analysis of models in augmentative biological control, from which practical guidelines are the derived. Biological control provides a means to fight pest invertebrates that attack crops with their natural predators. It is an essential component in efforts to reduce pesticide usage in agriculture. Pesticides pose a threat to human health, both to the agricultural worker and the consumer, as well as to the environment because of their toxicity : this largely motivates the need for current biological control programs to be improved and new ones developed. In this thesis, we look in particular at augmentative biological control, which involves the periodic release of predators that are not able to establish in an ecosystem in the absence of the pest, their primary prey. We introduce a general class of models that describe the intrinsic predator-prey dynamics by a pair of ordinary differential equations and the periodic releases by a discrete equation. We study the variants of this class of models, that may arise in a biological control set-up and highlight the consequences on the strategy of releases. We analyse the effect of intrapredatory interference occurring when the predator preys the pest, the impact of cannibalism among the predators, and finally the outcome of partial harvests of crops on the biological control program. Finally, we summarise the results of our mathematical analysis into a set of practical guidelines. We also report experiments on an agronomic predator-prey system, in which the predator species exhibits interfering behaviour. The experimental results validates out mathematical predictions
Mnif, Hassène. "Contribution à la modélisation des transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction Si/SiGe en température". Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12786.
Texto completoThe consideration of the temperature and in particular of he self-heating effect in Si/SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors is a fundamental aspect to predict in a precise way these electric characteristics. The use of these components in microwaves applications exposes to various tempertaures and strong densities of current, accentuates enormously these effects. Consequently, a precie modelling of these phenomena is necessary. A dynamic model describing the self-heatinng, characterized by a rise in the junction temperature, is developed. An electric equivalence close to the analytical model, compatible with SPICE electric models type, is established. A specific test bench is used in order to evaluate the new model and to extracts its parameters. In a second part, the temperature dependence of the various compact model parameters is studied, in particular in the HICUM model
Bian, Hanbing. "Numerical model for unsaturated sandy soils in seismic area : application to liquefaction". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Bian.pdf.
Texto completoHappy, Henri. "Helena : un logiciel convivial de simulation des composants à effets de Champs". Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10062.
Texto completoVanlandeghem, Virginie y Virginie Vanlandeghem. "Modélisation des effets de la configuration spatiale des interventions de coupes sur la mortalité du caribou des bois en forêt boréale". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37594.
Texto completoCe projet vise à évaluer l’effet de la configuration spatiale des coupes forestières et des routes sur la mortalité des adultes du caribou des bois (Ranfiger tarandus), écotype forestier, dans des paysages habités par le loup gris (Canis lupus) et une proie alternative, l’orignal (Alces alces). Nous avons utilisé un modèle centré sur l’individu pour modéliser les déplacements d’agents, représentant des individusfictifs de chaque espèce, dans des environnements virtuels. Les agents se déplaçaient selon des règles de déplacement établies à partir de l’analyse des données de suivis télémétriques de caribous, d’orignaux et de loups. Les environnements virtuels étaient façonnés par différents aménagements forestiers se distinguant par leur niveau de perturbations et par la configuration spatiale des coupes et du réseau routier. Le nombre de caribous morts par la prédation augmentait avec le niveau de perturbations des scénarios d’aménagement forestier. De plus, pour un même niveau de perturbations, la mortalité des caribous différait selon la configuration spatiale des activités forestières. Le risque de prédation des caribous était plus élevé lorsque la configuration des coupes dans le paysage engendrait un dense et vaste réseau routier et une fragmentation importante de l’habitat du caribou. Ainsi, en plus du niveau de perturbations, les plans de gestion de l’habitat de l’écotype forestier du caribou des bois devraient prendre en compte l’effet de la configuration spatiale des coupes et des routes sur la mortalité du caribou afin d’atténuer l’impact dela prédation sur ces populations dû à l’extraction des ressources.
The aim of this project was to assess the impact of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on adult mortality of the boreal ecotype of woodland caribou (Ranfiger tarandus)in landscapes inhabited by the gray wolf (Canis lupus) and an alternative prey, the moose (Alces alces). We used an individual-based model to simulate movements of agents, which are virtual individuals of each species, moving in virtual landscapes. Agents moved according to movement rules determined from field studies conducted on radio-collared caribou, moose and wolves. Virtual landscapes were shaped by various forest managements, differing in disturbance level sand spatial configuration of cuts and roads. The number of caribou killed by wolves increased with increasing disturbance levels. Also, for a given level of disturbance, caribou mortality varied with the spatial distribution of forest activities. Predation risk of caribou was higher in landscapes with extensive road networksand high degree of forest fragmentation. Thus, habitat management plans for boreal caribou should not only focus on assessing habitat disturbance thresholds but also consider the effect of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on caribou mortality in order to reduce the impact of predation due to natural resource extraction on the ecotype’s populations.
The aim of this project was to assess the impact of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on adult mortality of the boreal ecotype of woodland caribou (Ranfiger tarandus)in landscapes inhabited by the gray wolf (Canis lupus) and an alternative prey, the moose (Alces alces). We used an individual-based model to simulate movements of agents, which are virtual individuals of each species, moving in virtual landscapes. Agents moved according to movement rules determined from field studies conducted on radio-collared caribou, moose and wolves. Virtual landscapes were shaped by various forest managements, differing in disturbance level sand spatial configuration of cuts and roads. The number of caribou killed by wolves increased with increasing disturbance levels. Also, for a given level of disturbance, caribou mortality varied with the spatial distribution of forest activities. Predation risk of caribou was higher in landscapes with extensive road networksand high degree of forest fragmentation. Thus, habitat management plans for boreal caribou should not only focus on assessing habitat disturbance thresholds but also consider the effect of the spatial configuration of cuts and roads on caribou mortality in order to reduce the impact of predation due to natural resource extraction on the ecotype’s populations.
Yessad, Karim. "Effets de résolution dans le modèle PERIDOT : analyse diagnostique par divergences de flux". Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30120.
Texto completoSaubin, Méline. "Effets des variations démographiques sur la structure génétique de populations, dans le cadre d'une maladie émergente". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AGPT0013.
Texto completoThe demography and genetic structure of a population are closely linked. The study of this interplay is crucial, especially for organisms with frequent demographic fluctuations such as pathogen species responsible for emerging diseases. Classical population genetics models have been used to explore this link for simplified demographic processes. In this thesis, I further investigate the interplay between demography and genetic evolution in pathogen species that display complex life cycles. For this purpose, I focus on two ecological systems that strongly deviate from demographic equilibrium, each of which allows for realistic modelling assumptions. The first ecological system focuses on a major selection event with the temporal dimension being of prime importance. The second system reports recurrent colonisation events in which the spatial aspect is decisive.In the first part, I study an event of resistance overcoming by a pathogen population. Firstly, a modelling approach is used to establish the conditions for observing resistance overcoming and to identify the determinants of resistance durability. The results highlight the antagonistic effect of the proportion of resistant hosts deployed in the agricultural landscape, which decreases the probability of overcoming but increases the speed of overcoming when it occurs. Secondly, this model is implemented to account for genetic evolution at neutral loci. The results identify three demographic scenarios associated with distinct genetic signatures during resistance overcoming: 1) small variations in population sizes and small changes in genetic structures, 2) a strong founder event on the resistant host that in turn creates a genetic structure on the susceptible host, and 3) an evolutionary rescue event that results in a strong founder event on the resistant host, preceded by a bottleneck on the susceptible host. Finally, this theoretical framework of demogenetic analysis is applied to empirical data to infer the parameters underlying the overcoming of resistant RMlp7 poplars by the pathogen Melampsora larici-populina. Two parameters are particularly well estimated and the inferred values are in agreement with our biological knowledge: a high proportion of resistant hosts in the landscape (more than 80%) and an initial frequency of virulent alleles in the pathogen population between 5 and 10%.In the second part, I study colonisation and its genetic consequences. These analyses focus on the recurrent invasion of the Durance River valley by Melampsora larici-populina. Firstly, a mechanistic-statistical model is coupled to epidemiological data to infer the parameters underlying the pathogen's expansion dynamics. This approach shows that colonisation results from frequent long-distance dispersal events, with an average dispersal distance of more than two kilometres. Secondly, the characterisation of several annual colonisation events highlights a similar genetic structure which amplitude however varies greatly between years. Two extremes are identified: in 2011, strong conservation of the initial genetic diversity along the colonised domain; in 2004, rapid erosion of genetic diversity. The inter-annual variations in these structures can be explained by variations in the frequency of long-distance dispersal events.This work highlights the importance of contextualised models that take into account demogenetic variations for a better understanding of biological systems. The information obtained is then crucial for developing relevant control strategies against pathogen populations responsible for emerging diseases
Benzenati, Ikhlef. "Modélisation du comportement dynamique des sols saturés appliquée aux barrages et effets de site". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0275.
Texto completoLa, Foye Alexandre de. "Calcul de la réponse dynamique des structures élancées à la turbulence du vent". Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT2074.
Texto completoEProgresses in civil engineering allow to design more and more light and slender structures. The results of this is a higher sensitivity of these structures to fluctuating wind sollicitations. A vibratory behaviour can then lead civil engineering works to failure. The aim of our work is to develop numerical tools which enable to assess the response of slender structures to wind turbulence. The natural wind is a three-dimensional stochastic process which can be described by probalistic modèls. Fluctuating aerodynamic forces are divided into two parts : the buffeting forces, directly linked to the wind turbulence, which are associated to the concept of aerodynamic admittance ; aeroelastic forces, generated by structure vibrations which can induce a unstable dynamical behaviour
Niederst, Claudine. "Mise au point et intégration en clinique d'un programme prévisionnel de calcul de la répartition du champ électrique et des températures induites par des applicateurs électromagnétiques externes". Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30167.
Texto completoGuerni, Mahoui Malika. "L'impact des objets typés sur le modèle transactionnel à effets différés". Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20147.
Texto completoRancourt, Marie-Pierre. "Programmes d'aide à l'emploi et solidarité sociale : analyse causale des effets de la participation par l'approche des forêts aléatoires". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67007.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we assess the effect of employment assistance programs on the number of exits from social assistance and the cumulative duration spent outside of it among beneficiaries living with severe constraints. It is obvious that not all beneficiaries will derive the same benefits from participating in a program and for this reason it is useful to assess treatment effects conditional on the characteristics of each individual. To answer the research question, we need a flexible method that allows us to estimate differentiated treatment effects based on individual characteristics. To do this, we use a machine learning technique called generalized random forests (grf ) allowing us to evaluate heterogeneous treatment effects by conditioning on the characteristics of individuals. We used a database provided by the Ministère du Travail, de l’Emploi et de la Solidarité sociale (MTESS) containing monthly observations of all recipients of social assistance between 1999 and 2018 in Quebec. Using the grf method and the MTESS database, we found that beneficiaries with the longest cumulative durations on social assistance had lower treatment effects than those with shorter durations. We also observed that the younger and more educated beneficiaries benefited more from program participation than the others. This is also the case for individuals who have an auditory diagnosis and those who do not have an organic diagnosis.
Lafon, Lucile. "Modélisation de l'interaction des ondes électromagnétiques avec le corps humain : Application à la dosimétrie liée à l'utilisation d'un téléphone portable". Limoges, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIMO0016.
Texto completoRudat, Richard. "Modèles combinatoires implicites et résolution de problèmes en classe de 4ème : une étude des effets liés à la sémantique des situations". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00270060.
Texto completoconcerne les modèles combinatoires implicites. Afin de relever l'ensemble des procédures observables, une première épreuve est organisée sous forme de devoir sur table.
La deuxième épreuve a pour ambition de se placer au niveau des processus de résolution.
Elle est organisée sous forme de travail en groupe. Une analyse du contenu des échanges permet d'appréhender les interprétations des énoncés. L'ensemble des observations nous conduit à définir deux modèles de résolution dominants avec quelques variantes.
Meuriot, Frédéric. "Etude et modélisation des effets de l'intensité de la coupe et du niveau des réserves organiques initiales sur la dynamique de l'azote et du carbone au cours de la repousse chez la luzerne (Medicago sativa L. )". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN2016.
Texto completoThiery, Mylène. "Modélisation numérique du tremblement sur profil d'aile supercritique". Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0022.
Texto completoLobry, Jean R. "Ré-évaluation du modèle de croissance de Monod : effet des antibiotiques sur l'énergie de maintenance". Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10134.
Texto completoRichard, Nicolas. "Approche multi-échelles pour la modélisation de structures en bois sous sollicitations sismiques". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DENS0010.
Texto completo