Tesis sobre el tema "Économie de service"
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Bras, Bénédicte. "La Poste entre le service public et le marché : le cas de la distribution". Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100068.
The postal market evolution leads to a process of deregulation by reason of national monopoly review and competition rules application. The external environment transformation was accompanied by the creation of a new regulation: the change of the post office status. This old administration, which turned a nationalized company, seems to be into a heterogeneous organization. The hybrid nature of the post office status is analyzed in this thesis: the new rules and the new game of this organization have been described. The new regulation understanding is based on the case of the delivery of letters. This economic thesis includes not only a sociological proceeding but also a juridical and historical analysis of the organization
Karpa, Waldemar. "Comment concilier service public et concurrence? : essais sur le rôle de l'État durant la transition". Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00261208.
Dhers, Georges. "Pour des dispositifs d'intermédiation créative au service du développement des personnes et des territoires". Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT4004.
Scientific literature concerning economic and social local development is abundant on the theme of proximity organization which allows the engagement of developmental dynamics. However, there is much less documentation on the processes that explain its origin. The objective of this thesis is to show the processes at work using a multi-disciplinary approach in social studies and social science, notably through the concepts of intermediation, contextualization and ritualization of communication, which permit and facilitate the co-construction of developmental projects. These concepts act simultaneously on human and territorial development as they support the principles of ethics and communicative structures which enrich the quality of communication between people, facilitate collective learning and the construction of collective competence, ease the constitution of social links and their integration in open social networks which disencumber economical exchanges by augmenting reciprocity, enhance the efficiency of these exchanges by augmenting their degree of cooperation and coordination, and finally, allow the creation of knowledgeable externalities and thus improve human and territorial creativity ; numerous examples cited in different fields of development are analysed using the standard principles of communication structures to which they are linked. The author even proposes the creation and animation of new standards for intermediation methods
Déprés, Christophe. "Une approche néo-institutionnelle de la fourniture de services environnementaux : le cas du service d’épandage agricole des boues d’épuration et ses formes d’organisation territoriale". Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOE011.
The PhD thesis develops a neo-institutional approach of the supply in environmental services and of the role played by authorities. The idea puts forward is the plurality of contractual arrangements likely to be efficient to supervise the supply of these services such as spot contracts, long-term contracts and administrated contracts. This thesis raises the question of the compared efficiency of these arrangements. Then, it develops a framework inspired from the transaction costs theory and confronts it with the empirical analysis of the following case: sewage sludge spreading service by farmers. The studied case shows the importance of the administered contract considering the service characteristics which are as follows: multiplicity of concerned stakeholders and difficulties in measuring sludge quality. Besides, it shows the interest of taking into account micro-institutional factors in the analysis
Coissard, Steven. "Paul Krugman ou La Théorie au service de la politique économique". Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE21024.
This doctoral thesis deals with Paul Krugman, the man, the economist and the polemist. Our research axis is structured around a quotation from an interview with G. Benko ‘understanding before acting’ This quotation perfectly represents Paul Krugman’s work and his leitmotiv since the beginning of his career. At first, his research work is set up around the introduction of certain variables in order to understand economics more easily, notably by visiting unexplored fields. Yet, understanding is not his only goal, it is no worth deciphering the theory if we cannot apply the results. As a consequence, Paul Krugman played the unofficial part of ‘conseiller du prince’. Economics is not disembodied; it depends on its time, on the places and men who form it. He tries then to understand how an economist can act on his time, which is not without repercussions. Indeed, he does not mind contradicting some of his assertions since the world is on the move; his economic analysis fits in with a strong dynamic view and must evolve
Youssef, Mayssa. "Réseaux de transport WDM : planification de réseaux translucides et économie d'énergie". Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00680565.
As operators strive today to optimize their networks, considerations of cost, availability, eco-sustainability, and quality of service are beginning to converge. Solutions that reduce capital and operational expenditures not only save money, but also tend to reduce the environmental impact. In “opaque” networks, optical signals undergo expensive electrical regeneration systematically at each node. In “transparent” networks, signal quality deteriorates due to the accumulation of physical impairments from source to destination. “Translucent” networks stand halfway between opaque and transparent networks. In such networks, sparsely chosen nodes are equipped with electrical regenerators while the others are transparent to the optical signal. In this thesis, we have proposed an proposed an optimization technique for translucent network design, and developed, for this purpose, an algorithm performing routing and wavelength assignement as well as regenerator placement consisting in a cross-optimization between CapEx and OpEx costs. The second part of this thesis focuses on energy-aware WDM network design applied to scheduled traffic. Client cards interfacing the IP router and the optical cross-connect represent the key elements which deployment can be exploited to prevent power waste. We have proposed an approach to optimize the number and usage of these components by addressing the time-space correlation between traffic connections
Gaspar, Jean-François. "Ethnographie du travail social : une économie des biens symboliques". Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0021.
How make the social workers (very mainly women), ''to like", in the exercise of testing professions, but little valued socially and economically, little recognized academically and scientifically? Led in a city of average importance marked by the deindustrialization in one of the former Walloon mineral fields, an ethnographical inquiry allowed to bring to light principles appropriate for the symbolic economy in the universe of the social work. Take seriously "their reasons for being" led to be interested in their practices (often tacit because considered coarse), in their expectations, in their symbolic remunerations under ail their forms. Three poles were identified in the space of the social work. Ln their presentation of themselves as in their practices, the clinical social workers advance their "will" to work "beyond the demand of the user" "to relieve of his suffering". They so appear as first-line agents of what Didier Fassin names "the compassionnel treatment of the social question". The militant social workers advance their humanist or political reading of the world and their "will of social change" that they try to relate to their practices and talk in front of particular social situations of the users. The normative social workers consider their work as "a work as the other one": from their point of view, the respect for rules, laws, standards, hierarchies and contracts is a factor of integration otherwise of insertion
Bourguignon, Hélène. "Service universel et concurrence, une analyse des effets stratégiques de contraintes politiques". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010042.
Jouini, Nizar. "Impact of service trade liberalization for developing countries : Evidence form Tunisia". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR1006/document.
This dissertation focuses on the effects of trade service liberalization in Tunisia. Using a DGSE model, the first chapter studies the overall effect of service liberalization on economic growth while considering the non-tariff barriers preventing investors to access this market. The second chapter analyzes the particular case of the banking sector liberalization by estimating its effect on capital accumulation. In particular, it suggests that increasing bank competition via liberalization is benefitting to the Tunisian banking sector up to a doubling of its capital accumulation. The third chapter shall estimate the direct and indirect effect of air transport liberalization on tourist flows in the southern Mediterranean countries. The agreements signed by these countries will be considered as well as those signed between third countries. In particular, when these third countries have transit airports through which pass tourists to visit Mediterrenean countries, liberalization can also be beneficial to the latter. For this purpose we have collected an original database to account for all of these agreements. Our results show that the liberalization of the service sector in Tunisia has a positive effect and depends mainly on the performance of the goods sector as well as the value of non-tariff barriers, evaluated at 37% of total of production. Morever, the liberalization of the Tunisian banking sector has a positive impact on capital accumulation running up to about 200 % of the current accumulation. Finally, the study of air transport liberalization on tourism shows that there is an increase in tourist flows using direct and indirect routes. The direct effect (following one unit increase of the liberalization index) increases the tourist flows by 3 to 4 percent, while the indirect effect is between 2 and 3 percent
Siffert, Antoine. "Libéralisme et service public". Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0022/document.
Far from being contradictory liberalism and public services go hand in hand. The notion of public service seals the impact of liberalism on public law. Public service allows the desacralisation of public power and underpins it to the objectives of liberalism. Public power upholds the fulfillment of society, serving both the individuals and the markets. As a perfect example of a liberal institution, public service also reveals the contradictions of liberalism
Krief, Nathalie. "Les pratiques stratégiques des organisations sanitaires et sociales de service public". Lyon 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO20052.
Melloni, David. "Délégation de service public : du contrat à l'habilitation institutionnelle". Nancy 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN20013.
The current meaning of the notion of delegation of public utility in French Law rest on too narrow an approach, which is based on two axioms : risk and contract. This conception fails to give relevant limits to this notion, whose boundaries with public procurements and partnership contracts turn to be unclear. Neither does it reflect the variety of contractual tools that can be used to implement it. The analytical study of traditional models (concession, affermage, régie intéressée, gérance) and different types of complex contractual arrangements emphasizes this observation and calls for an urgent redefinition of the notion. Redefining the notion first entails objectively taking into account non-contractual modes of structural delegation of public utility through hypotheses of structural delegation (to which the EC definition of institutionalised PPPs takes us back) and unilateral delegation of public utility, which shows the very diversity of the delegation process. It then calls for a new approach of the notion in which the public utility (apprehended as an institution) remains the only element of unity. Going beyond the controversy surrounding unilaterality and contract, the delgation of public utility thus materializes through an act of capacitation that creates an objective legal situation whose regulatory nature precisely stems from its relationship with the very organization of the public utility. Transcended by its purpose, this institutional capacitation entails the application of a specific legal system. As such, it is gradually emerging - in French law as in EC law - as an instrument of regulation whose function is precisely to reconcile the principles of public utility with the demands inherent to a competitive environment
Baudry, Rachel. "Service public, filière industrielle, coûts sociaux du traitement des déchets ménagers : quelle place pour le recyclage ?" Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10062.
Saltiel-Pallas, Valérie. "Confiance et procédures : un essai d'approche méthodologique appliqué à la relation banque-entreprise". Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20026.
Laget, Florence. "La pensée politique de Jean-Baptiste Say : droit et politique au service de l'ordre libéral". Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33014.
Carnoye, Leslie. "Les services écosystémiques : de nouveaux outils de justification au service de la critique écologiste ? Une analyse conventionnaliste à partir du Parc Naturel Régional Scarpe-Escaut (France)". Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL12018.
The paradox of "ecosystem services" is that they tend to become today a dominant approach to conservation and biodiversity protection, while remaining at the same time very controversial, especially in the field of Ecological Economics. The thesis aims at questioning the transformative potential of the ecosystem services approach, regarding the institutional dynamics governing the relations between conservation and development. This research is built on a precise case study: the Scarpe-Escaut Regional Natural Park, in the north of France. In the park, we carried out a participative observation experience within an ecosystem services valuation project; we conducted semi-structured interviews and studied the park’s management documents using a text-based data analysis software (Prospéro). The theoretical perspective developed is conventionalist. This thesis points out that ecologism shouldn’t be modelled as an ideal "order of worth", but rather as a critique of capitalism, following Boltanski & Chiapello (1999). We show that the main contemporary forms of ecologist criticisms are degrowth, sustainable development and green growth, each of them relying on different forms of compromises between several "orders of worth". Our analysis leads us to think that the role of ecosystem services, as justification tools for the Scarpe-Escaut Park can be relativised. What gives meaning to the park’s conservation and development project is indeed the mobilisation of a domestic "order of worth", while the normative basis of ecosystem services appears to be related to the merchant and per-projects “orders of worth”. This makes of ecosystem services an important part of the green growth ecological criticism, the latter being poorly subversive towards connexionist capitalism
Diawara, Tiefing. "La Stratégie d'extension de l'offre de l'enseigne de grande distribution vers de nouveaux services marchands : proposition et test d'un modèle d'évaluation du service en extension par les consommateurs". Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA123008.
Confronted to a market share stagnation and to a growth deceleration, the grocery retailers are numerous to adopt the strategy of retailer extension towards new trading services. The success or the failure of this strategy, whereby one new service is marketed under an already-established and well-know retailer name, results mainly from consumers' evaluations of the new service. However, we note that there is not consistent conceptual framework to evaluate the retailers' new service. The purpose of this research is then to develop a model to assess how consumers evaluate the new services being offerd by retailers. Accordingly, the conceptual tools borrowed from cognitive psychology are used to underpin our reasoning by analogy to brand extension evaluation. We have conducted a questionnaire-based investigation covering three types of services offered by Auchan, the French retailer. Our final study covered a sample of 335 Auchan customers. The proposed model is tested through structural equations. Our research shows that consumers evaluations of retailers' new service depends largely on whether the service is typical of the retailer's traditional offer but also on the new service's relevance in the market and on the retailer's image associations. The research concludes that work on strategies of retailer extension towards new trading services should be brought closer to those of brand extension and proposes a new integrated framework for analysing both strategies
Blein, Alexandre. "L’émergence du coworking dans l’offre d’immobilier d’entreprise en Ile-de-France : un service relationnel coproduit par ses utilisateurs". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1039/document.
Coworking spaces are flexible workspaces shared by individuals from different organizations in an open-plan space. This thesis analyses the development of a coworking market in the Greater Paris region in light of the working arrangements in those spaces. The role of proximity in collaboration is observed in a Parisian coworking space. The overlap between commercial and non-commercial exchanges shows that reciprocity contributes to reinforcing ties between coworkers. Coworking spaces can encourage entrepreneurial projects through peer learning and the access to resources in the space. However, this requires the work of coworking managers who are key in organizing collaboration and making it visible. They are thus creating a new form of real estate service that ties physical space to an informal networking service between coworkers. The value in coworking spaces is therefore coproduced by its users. This research also shows that the development of coworking in Greater Paris was first structured by local public policies, and that real estate developers are now scaling up the idea of coworking. Coworking space operators are becoming intermediaries enabling small companies to share their offices in metropolitan regions, thus positioning themselves in the corporate real estate value chain
Hurdebourcq, Philippe. "L'innovation institutionnelle territoriale au service du développement économique : tentative de modélisation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1103.
Since the end of the Fordist system, numerous researchers have researched the reasons for which some French territories managed to overcome the systemic crises to which they were subject whereas others did not. Paradoxically, whereas all of them developed within similar economic, social and institutional contexts, they have shown that the resilience of some resulted directly from endogenous factors. Local [characteristics], far from being absorbed by globalisation, have on the contrary appeared as a defence against the trend towards uniformity and a factor in competitiveness for firms. However, the meso economic approach underlying these analyses assumes that the territory can itself initiate a dynamic of coordination by its agents, whether they belong to the public or the private sphere, and can encourage them to integrate collaborative policies. However, these virtuous principles, creating value for firms and bringing cohesion to the territories themselves, cannot become effective unless individuals, business leaders, institutional managers and their staff accept these principles and agree to devote time and resources to them.However, our experience demonstrates relative ignorance on the part of actors liable to be concerned. The challenges and constraints relating to each tend, on the contrary, to be a barrier. That is why our research, based on in-depth testimony collected from the principal local actors aims to offer keys for ensuring the application of these meso concepts to the micro economic reality of these territories, with the aim of enabling them to apply and to benefit in concrete terms from the main principles of the territorial economy
Baritaud, Manuel. "La tarification des infrastructures d'un service public subventionné : le cas des péages ferroviaires en Europe". Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1062.
Hurdebourcq, Philippe. "L'innovation institutionnelle territoriale au service du développement économique : tentative de modélisation". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1103/document.
Since the end of the Fordist system, numerous researchers have researched the reasons for which some French territories managed to overcome the systemic crises to which they were subject whereas others did not. Paradoxically, whereas all of them developed within similar economic, social and institutional contexts, they have shown that the resilience of some resulted directly from endogenous factors. Local [characteristics], far from being absorbed by globalisation, have on the contrary appeared as a defence against the trend towards uniformity and a factor in competitiveness for firms. However, the meso economic approach underlying these analyses assumes that the territory can itself initiate a dynamic of coordination by its agents, whether they belong to the public or the private sphere, and can encourage them to integrate collaborative policies. However, these virtuous principles, creating value for firms and bringing cohesion to the territories themselves, cannot become effective unless individuals, business leaders, institutional managers and their staff accept these principles and agree to devote time and resources to them.However, our experience demonstrates relative ignorance on the part of actors liable to be concerned. The challenges and constraints relating to each tend, on the contrary, to be a barrier. That is why our research, based on in-depth testimony collected from the principal local actors aims to offer keys for ensuring the application of these meso concepts to the micro economic reality of these territories, with the aim of enabling them to apply and to benefit in concrete terms from the main principles of the territorial economy
Jacquemin, Mélanie. "Sociologie du service domestique juvénile : "petites nièces" et "petites bonnes" à Abidjan". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0108.
The first section describes young and adolescent girls' domestic work in Abidjan as a fundamental component of urban life and urban economy. This study clarifies the over-representation of a female age group (5-19 year-old) in the city, a long-standing demographic phenomenon. By gathering oral sources, ethnographical observations and written documentation, the second part shows how a specific market of child domestic labour has been progressively constituted in Ivory Coast. From fieldwork, three models of hiring are drawn, within which several types are characterised. The practices of putting girls to work and the relations between the women « bosses » and the « girls » are then explored, which brings to light the effects of the deepening economic recession on domestic production. The third and last part is interested in the recent media coverage of the phenomenon of little maids in Ivory Coast. It presents a critical analysis of Ivoirian and international media
Lehmann, Michel. "Programme de médicalisation des systèmes d'information : historique, développements, applications médicales et financières à un service de pneumologie". Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11152.
Zhang, Min. "La stagnation séculaire et la quatrième révolution industrielle : histoire et temps présent". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080104.
In response to the last financial and economic crisis of 2007/08, many central banks have implied unusual aggressive monetary policies in order to maintain the right amount of liquidity in the economy and hopefully to maintain the economic stability and reboot the growth. Unfortunately, the expansionary monetary policies weren’t enough for the economy recovery, and it has left the world economy with stagnated growth and productivity, poorly performed labour market and extreme inequalities. The outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic has emphasized these fragilities in all economies, and the expansionary monetary policies as emergency response has become a new normality. Are we currently living the hypothesis introduced by Alvan Hansen in the 1930s – a Secular Stagnation? And what is underneath the surface of low-growth and low-productivity economyGoing back through time from the 18th century till today, to explore the origins of growth and stagnation theories at the heart of industrial capitalist civilisation through both the history of economic thinking and the history of economy. This research aims to understand the evolution of economic development from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy and then service economy. It observes in detail the transformation of the economy through each factors of secular stagnation, each of them represents as a building block of economic development: demography, resources, and technology. This research tackles also some of the most urgent problems of the current economy, e.g., aging society, low interest rate, impact of Artificial Intelligence on labour market, inaccurate economy indicators, climate change
Ouferhat, Nesrine. "Une approche pour le routage adaptatif avec économie d’énergie et optimisation du délai dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil". Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0023.
Through the joint advanced microelectronic systems, wireless technologies and embedded microelectronics, wireless sensor networks have recently been possible. Given the convergence of communications and the emergence of ubiquitous networks, sensor networks can be used in several applications and have a great impact on our everyday life. There is currently a real interest of research in wireless sensor networks; however, most of the existing routing protocols propose an optimization of energy consumption without taking into account other metrics of quality of service. In this thesis, we propose an adaptive routing protocol called "EDEAR" which takes into account both necessary criteria to the context of communications in sensor networks, which are energy and delay of data delivery. We are looking the routes for optimizing a nodes’ lifetime in the network, these paths are based on joint optimization of energy consumption and delay through a multi criteria cost function. The proposed algorithm is based on the use of the dynamic state-dependent policies which is implemented with a bio-inspired approach based on iterative trial/error paradigm. Our proposal is considered as a hybrid protocol: it combines on demand searching routes concept and proactive exploration concept. It uses also a multipoint relay mechanism for energy consumption in order to reduce the overhead generated by the exploration packets. Numerical results obtained with NS simulator for different static and mobility scenario show the efficiency of the adaptive approaches compared to traditional approaches and proves that such adaptive algorithms are very useful in tracking a phenomenon that evolves over time
Gueorguieva-Bringuier, Laura. "Les stratégies de proximité de l’ESS au service des alternatives économiques". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAE005.
This thesis is about initiatives in the field of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) that put forward proximity-based organizations departing from the dominant paradigm, and especially from the predominant neoliberal ideology. They are born from the concerns of the civil society and result in the creation of local answers to problems arising from the multidimensional crisis that encompasses social, political, economic and environmental issues. The proliferation of these alternative economic experimentations could be an opportunity for the emergence of more diverse ways to devise and govern the economy. However, when they build local production networks, these initiatives encounter isomorphic influences from the prevailing institutional system that seem to hinder their development and push them toward normalization. This can jeopardize their power to transform the society and the economy on a bigger scale. This research provides an explanation of this phenomenon through a meso-economic analysis of the interrelations within the SSE and with the public and lucrative sectors. The purpose is to explain the logic of local coordination that favours the efficiency of these alternatives and of those who result in the resilience of the neoliberal system that they criticize. The thesis is divided into three parts; an historical one that gives perspective on the present issues, a theoretical one that adopts a heterodox and institutional standpoint in order to provide analytical tools that are specifically suited to the chosen subject. The economy of proximity is the main scientific discipline that was selected, with intakes from the economy of convention. Lastly, an empirical part, based on a multidisciplinary approach presents the geographical, institutional and organizational proximity relations of four local SSE networks in the area of Grenoble-Alpes-Métropole and an assessment of their impact ; a territorial pole of economic cooperation (PTCE), a local network of the ethical bank La Nef, a network of urban community-based gardens and a network of local currency and community exchange systems
De, Gouvello Bernard. "La recomposition du secteur de l'eau et de l'assainissement en Argentine à l'heure néo-libérale. Lecture au travers du phénomène coopératif". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129511.
L'objet de cette thèse est d'étudier les recompositions du secteur de l'eau et de l'assainissement en Argentine dans le contexte actuel de libéralisation de l'économie et de privatisation des entreprises publiques. La méthode adoptée consiste à appréhender les changements au travers du phénomène coopératif qui est sorti de sa marginalité pour s'intégrer aux dispositifs institutionnels émergeant au niveau local. Quatre cas sont analysés en détail, respectivement situés en banlieue de Buenos Aires, en proximité de Rosario, à Villa María (ville moyenne de la province de Córdoba) et dans la province de Chubut en Patagonie.
Le travail met en évidence que la recomposition du secteur, bien qu'influencée par des modèles d'organisation exogènes (modèle anglais de privatisation-régulation, modèle français de délégation), se décline en pratique sous la forme d'une très grande diversité de solutions organisationnelles. Cette diversité témoigne, d'une part d'une re-territorialisation marquée du secteur, et, d'autre part, de la construction progressive et par apprentissage des modes de gestion émergents. Enfin, la conclusion souligne que la recomposition du secteur ne peut être véritablement achevée sans que soit redéfini précisément le rôle de l'état fédéral.
Ouellet, Fernande. "La participation des agriculteurs aux démarches volontaires en agroenvironnement : le cas du programme Alternative Land Use Service (ALUS) en Ontario". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33146.
Faced with the negative externalities arising from the intensification of agriculture, several industrialized countries, including Canada, have put in place intervention measures ranging from regulation to support. However, the literature shows that the adoption of beneficial management practices (BMPs) by farmers remains relatively limited to a clientele already convinced and that the sustainability of participation is not assured beyond the payment of aid. The absence of a market to monetize the environmental benefits of adopting BMPs also does not allow regulation by the market. Based on the collaboration between local actors and the involvement of the private sector in the financing of farmers' fees for producing environmental services, the Alternative Land Use Service (ALUS) program promote itself as an alternative between regulations, voluntary approaches and regulation by the market. This representation could well be translated into reality, since the program manages to involve farmers in large numbers, on a long-term basis. This study is based on documentary research and a series of 45 semi-structured interviews with participating farmers, coordinators, and Partnership Advisory Committee (PAC) members in four ALUS communities in Ontario. By mobilizing the economy of proximity, the present work aims at understanding farmers' reasons for participating in the program and tries to verify if the specificities that ALUS claims encourage farmers to participate on a long-term basis. The analysis shows that the specificities of the program have a different effect on participation and sustainability depending on the type of farmer, and that the coordination of the actors is highly dependant on networks and context.
Durand, Pascal. "Le service médical du régime général et la régulation des dépenses de santé : une approche économique des missions des médecins-conseils en termes de modes de coordination". Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOE020.
Noah, Alphonse. "Stabilité bancaire, digitalisation financière, économie informelle et catastrophes naturelles : quatre enjeux de politique économique". Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2019/2019PA100144/2019PA100144.pdf.
This dissertation proposes four empirical essays on bank stability, financial digitalisation, the informal economy, and natural disasters. These themes represent economic policy challenges. The first chapter looks at the impact of bank competition on credit risk in Sub-Saharan Africa. We show that increased competition is likely to both enhance and lessen the quality of banks’ loans portfolios. The second chapter investigates whether the rapid expansion of mobile financial services helps reduce the informal sector in emerging and developing countries. Our results indicate that such financial innovation can be considered as a powerful tool to formalize economies. The third chapter examines the effect of education on the informal economy in Africa. We underline the importance of a balanced educational system between general and vocational education to reduce the size of the informal sector. The last chapter focuses on the determinants of natural disasters. It highlights the role of weather, economic and structural factors, and climate change in the incidence of natural disasters
Marty, Frédéric. "Pluralité et dynamique des conventions de réglementation : une analyse économique de la jurisprudence du conseil de la concurrence relative au secteur électrique". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011560.
Initiated by the European Directive of 1996 and the Electricity Act of 2000, the French Electric Sector deregulation raises the issue of the future of the French Public Service and of the National Firm. This PhD dissertation aims at demonstrating the existence of a Regulation frameworks plurality. Theoretical debates highlighted by historical dynamics of French electricity and international comparisons enable us to structure some “conventions of regulation” (in the sense of patterns of expectations relative to the regulation). The current mutations of the French Electrical System are analysed through the Competition Council jurisprudence
Hamzagic, Enes. "L’impact de la culture nationale sur la perception d’une banque à l'égard de la qualité du service : Le cas du secteur bancaire en Serbie". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0019/document.
Culture is often seen as a group phenomenon, which influences individuals in it. The individual’s perception, values and thoughts are often influenced by the cultural context in which they are living in. The values represent certain type of system, which influences how we generate and receive certain information, motivates our actions and behavioral pattern, and differentiate us from the members of other value systems. This study investigates the effect of national culture on the employee’s perception in Serbian banks, towards the service quality. The study includes a literature review about culture in general, national culture and cultural dimensions, organizational culture, service quality, exploring gaps in the literature which calls for further research. In addressing one of the gaps, a research model has been developed, which illustrated the possible relationship between the national culture dimensions and bank’s service quality dimensions. The model has been utilized as framework and guided us during the empirical research. The empirical research was conducted in eight banks in Serbia. The main findings suggest that there is significant influence of national culture on bank’s service quality. Secondly, study found that banks per se have influence on employee’s perception regarding bank’s service quality
Tanguy, Laurent. "De la théorie des coûts de transaction à une économie des coûts de traduction : l’émergence d’un centre de services mutualisés comme dispositif de contrôle inter-organisationnel". Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHEC0009.
This dissertation is dedicated to the transition period related to the outsourcing of an activity from an organization to another one. Its objective is to describe the emergence of a hybrid control device between market and hierarchy. We studied during 15 months a global IT outsourcing project from a client to three customers’ shared service centers. The field analysis is based on two “conceptual ways” grounded in Actor Network Theory. The first moves from Transaction Cost Economics to “Translation Cost Economy”. The second one puts forward the concept of small points of control accumulation responding to Vosselman & Van der Meer-Kooistra’s call to investigate “control in the making” (2006). The transition phase shed light on the proposition that costs of translation and small points of control accumulation created a “double register” tracing the movement of services co-construction and the related control device emergence. The local facts were framed by the project team and brought into one of the shared IT service center. An accumulation cycle of knowledge was running. This movement made both the project and the service actual but at the cost of translating the initial service defined by the contract. The price to act at distance was reduced and the shared IT service center could be considered as “economic”. However, the outsourcing process led to a transformation of the IT activity and modified the identity of the groups of actors. The comparison between the two situations, before and after outsourcing, was made difficult because of translation costs inherent to the transformation of the contract into a socio-technical device implemented to deliver the service
Sentein, Daniel. "L’adaptation du système médico-social français au modèle européen : gouvernance d’entreprise sociale, organisation, environnement, activités". Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL20019.
The first part of this research investigates the parallel paths of economic and social developments throughout history, and then describes the current issues relevant to the internal and external social and medico-social partners. The study especially tries to explain the resistance to change and the breaking lines caused by law N° 2002-2 of January 2nd, 2002. Our research shows how this sector, producer of social bonds, paradoxically marginalised itself. The second part is an attempt at predicting in which way European contribution in company management, as well as those of economic science, can help this sector to renovate itself and recover its legitimacy. Through the analysis of the major uncertainties in this sector, the research identifies five key variables which condition the restructuring and the longg-term future of the institutions and services. The study opens on the design of a reference document and assessments tools for prospective management
Varin, Christelle. "Le comité d'entreprise considéré dans ses activités sociales et culturelles". Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21040.
Américi, Laurence. "La caisse d'épargne des Bouches du Rhône au XIXe siècle : un outil financier au service de l'intervention sociale". Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10121.
Coutard, Olivier. "UNE ANALYSE ÉCONOMIQUE DE L'ACCÈS AUX RÉSEAUX ÉLECTRIQUES D'INTERCONNEXION". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345062.
récentes dans le secteur électrique, leurs modalités et leurs enjeux. La seconde traite des questions d'efficacité tarifaire des prix d'accès. La troisième enfin aborde la question de la réglementation et, plus généralement, de la régulation d'un système électrique ouvert.
Le premier chapitre vise à décortiquer in concreto les relations de dépendance mutuelle, d'interpénétration entre les considérations économiques et les considérations extra économiques (i.e. réglementaires au sens large ou même politiques) dans l'organisation industrielle traditionnelle (on peut parler de modèle) du secteur électrique dans les sociétés développées.
Nous analysons le rôle essentiel du couple interconnexion/ intégration dans cette organisation.
C'est cet équilibre complexe qui est globalement remis en cause par les évolutions réglementaires récentes, auxquelles est consacré le deuxième
chapitre. La perspective adoptée dans l'analyse nous permet d'expliciter les principaux enjeux de ces évolutions : promotion de l'efficacité économique
(au sens large) ; préservation des conditions d'exercice de différentes missions 'de service public' (ou 'd'intérêt économique général'). Nous tentons de
préciser le plus finement possible les termes économiques dans lesquels ces enjeux se présentent aux réglementeurs du secteur électrique.
Le troisième chapitre débute l'étude plus normative du problème des prix d'accès. La notion de coût marginal de court terme de transport, qui
soulève ici des problèmes conceptuels inusités, y est présentée et discutée. Nous étudions en particulier les limitations à l'efficacité de ces coûts
marginaux qui résultent de la présence d'externalités, de problèmes informationnels et de l'existence de coûts de transaction.
Nous poursuivons cette démarche dans le quatrième chapitre, en étudiant d'une part les conséquences pratiques en termes d'efficacité des indivisibilités dans les fonctions de coût de réseau, et d'autre part celles de la variabilité-imprévisibilité des coûts marginaux de court terme de transport.
Nous proposons différents critères et principes pour limiter en pratique les inefficacités induites.
Dans le cinquième chapitre, nous abordons le problème de la réglementation sous un angle plus concret que ne le font les modèles théoriques, et en tenant compte des principales interdépendances entre les coûts de production et les coûts de réseau. Nous insistons sur les aspects du problème spécifiques à l'électricité (par rapport aux modèles théoriques généraux).
Le sixième chapitre est consacré à une discussion moins formalisée de l'équilibre réglementaire à long terme nécessaire à la régulation d'un système
électrique ouvert. Il met en perspective certaines pratiques réglementaires observées. Il pose la question essentielle de l'arbitrage entre consommateurs 'domestiques' et industriels.
Enfin la conclusion récapitule l'essentiel des résultats de l'étude, en évalue la portée et propose des voies de recherche
Charbonnel, Carole. "Vers une nouvelle logique marketing des entreprises ? : explorer les antécédents & conséquences du marketing de co-création de valeur". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. https://ecm.univ-paris1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5cebc28b-d993-41d7-bb15-fad2ef1d5755.
At the beginning of the 2000s, Prahalad & Ramaswamy, Vargo & Lusch and Grönroos proposed a new foundation for marketing theory, starting from a central premise: value is always co-created with the consumer, through his consumption experience and use. Today, the theoretical framework of value co-creation is still affected by a lack of empirical research within companies, although its proponents call on managers to adopt their "new logic of marketing". Owing to two studies among managers, an exploratory study through interviews and a questionnaire study based on 3 data collections, our research contributes to filling this gap: it highlights the existence within certain companies of a thought and a marketing practice reflecting the theory of value co-creation, and which we call value co-creation marketing. From a theoretical point of view, our research offers three main contributions to the literature. First, by establishing the major role of organizational factors, it reveals conditions for the emergence of value co-creation marketing which contrast with the usual view in the literature. Then, by identifying how consumer collaboration can be implemented from a fair perspective, our research sheds light on the debate relating to this particular form of co-creation called upstream co-creation. Finally, by establishing that value co-creation marketing positively influences performance and satisfaction, our work offers one of the very first contributions relating to the effect of value co-creation as a marketing practice
Aznar, Olivier. "Services environnementaux et espaces ruraux - Une approche par l'économie des services". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011365.
Barcet, André. "La montée des services, vers une économie de la servuction". Lyon 2, 1987. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1987/barcet_a.
The object of this work consist to examine the signification and the place of services. The notions of economic theory, elaborated for analysis of production of goods, are not usefuls for economic theory of services. We search to state the specifications of service, in the demand as in supply. The notion of servuction involve that the services have the finality in the set of goods or persons with which they are in relation. It is then necessary of draw the inference from specifity, in connection with the question of price of service, productivity, and conditions of supply. We suggest then that the presence of his characteristics involve a new economic dynamic, a new type of accumulation, founded of servuction
Dente, Sébastien. "The stakes of circulation in sustainable societies : logistics and functional economy". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0017.
Functional and circular economies are often presented as promising strategies to address the environmental issues associated with our modern production/consumption systems. Within these systems, the circulation processes themselves are usually poorly addressed, in spite of the increasing energy consumption and emissions associated with logistics under the current trends of globalization. The present thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the relationship between the representation of human activities and circulation processes and the issue of sustainability. Dealing with the triptych sustainability/supply chain management/circular and functional economies, the thesis shows that the standardized representation of space and time in the current dominant economic conventions acts as a barrier to the development of truly sustainable circulation processes. It finds that the closing loop approach of the circular economy and the product/service approach of the functional economy require specific definitions and policy measures for resources and demand, so that they can be considered as real sustainable strategies. This necessity to develop specific new approaches was further supported with evidence from a new logistics and freight transportation model for France. The model indicates that a generic approach towards a functional economy would lead to 5% increase of CO2 emissions (associated with French interregional traded tons) while a targeted approach would lead to a 3% reduction in comparison to the reference logistics scenario
Messaoudi, Djamel. "Le fonctionnement du marché de l'aide à domicile en situation d'incertitude sur la qualité : Approche théorique et empirique : Le cas de l'aide aux personnes agées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL12005.
This dissertation analyses the functioning of domiciliary eldercare, a market mainly characterised by uncertainty on quality. Drawing on the economics of information, quality and conventions, the analysis is based on a questionnaire-based inquiry among 530 older people and a surve of 14 suppliers and 4 coordinating structures. The first part presents the difficulties concerning the coordination on the market, the sources of development of the market and the main issues about quality. The second part offers an economic analysis of uncertainty, through a discussion of the interest and limits of economic theories of choice under uncertainty. Definitions of quality and qualitative uncertainty are proposed. The main results of the survey among elder people are presented in the third part. The goal of this empirical research was to understand how people make choice in a market with no differentiation of suppliers’ qualities. Resulting from several factor analyses, typologies of behavior and choice under uncertainty are proposed. The fourth part illustrates the role of trust and networks in the coordination of this market. Some organisational models associated to quality conventions are analysed further. The analysis of the stability of these models emphasises the existence of a multi-conventional quality model at the core of domiciliary eldercare services
Fourna, Alain. "Structures industrielles et flexibilité : étude sur la sous-traitance comme forme particulière d'emploi". Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010006.
This thesis speaks about subcontracting like a particularly shape of job. A first part shows the cyclical aspect of the subcontracting through an historical analysis (the subcontracting in XIXth) and an analysis of its revival in France in 1970. A second part presents the logical of the development of the subcontracting in three aspects: economics of time, social control, costs and incomes of labor. A third part propounds an interpretation of subcontracting in terms of consensus. The chapter 7 presents the consensus of the subcontracting in words of quasi-internal-market. The chapter eight replaces the subcontracting as part of social reproduction
Mallavaux, Laurent. "La définition de l'équilibre économique des concessions de service public". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3057.
The economic equilibrium of concession contract’s historical French definition demonstrated through principals drawn from public contract theory. However, this definition reduced the influence of the equilibrium to the contract imbalances. The economic equilibrium definition goes beyond the co-contractor rights to exploit the public service. In addition, the economic equilibrium definition has related to a remuneration model or to co-contractor’s risk. Nevertheless, each time it occurs, it is an unsuccessful try to reveal a thorough definition of the economic equilibrium of concession contract. To resolve the complex equation, it is necessary to use the heterogeneous characteristics in concession contract and to notice the global mechanic among them. The recent concession contract reform in Europe is an opportunity to. First, the definition review should take into account the concept of operating risk and integrating so the interconnectedness of the many factors that characterize concession contract. Then, the definition review should require introducing the economics as aims to make profit and market conditions to streamline the use of the economic equilibrium of concession contract and its effects in contractual relationship
Mahut, Fabien. "Intégration des approches PLM et SLM pour le développement et la gestion des Systèmes Produit-Service en contexte automobile : proposition d’un cadre méthodologique". Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://bibliotheque.utc.fr/EXPLOITATION/doc/IFD/2019COMP2473.
This research work is exploring the development and management of Product-Service Systems. These new integrated offers go along with specific issues which challenge the current product development strategies. Analyzing the academic literature on this matter, this work focuses on methodological frameworks for the development of PSS offers. The first level of these frameworks is about engineering approaches considers Service Lifecycle Management (SLM) and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) interactions. The second level is about specific systems or PSS development processes and methods. The third and last level challenges the definitions of a PSS model. Fed by this review, this work provides a coherent proposal for PSS development across these three levels, qualified by 7 analysis criterias. On the first level, a detailed PLM-SLM interaction scheme is proposed. It supports a development process on the second level, alongside a PSS model based on FBS and result-resource-process triplet as a matter for service adequate description. This proposal has been experimented through two study cases. The first one, about an existing and mature PSS, enabled the development of a quality management tool. The second, about the development of a connected diagnostic PSS enabled to strengthen the illustration of the proposal for its adoption
Diouf, Mariama. "L'économie sociale au service du développement durable urbain : étude sur l'organisation des entreprises de recyclage dans la région de Québec". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28182/28182.pdf.
Yernault, Dimitri. "L'Etat et la propriété: permanences et mutations du droit public économique en Belgique de 1830 à 2011". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209832.
Malgré ces mutations, le droit public économique n’en présente pas moins une structure permanente qui s’articule autour de cinq grandes relations existant entre les institutions juridiques de l’État et de la propriété :1/ l’État dessine les régimes de propriété ;2/ l’État est lui-même propriétaire ;3/ l’État police et régule les usages de le propriété ;4/ l’État soutient selon les circonstances certaines catégories de propriétaires ;5/ l’État redistribue certains fruits et influences tirés de la propriété.
Si la thèse porte essentiellement sur la période qui court de l’Indépendance à la veille de la sixième réforme de l’État, d’une part, et alors que la Belgique connaît une crise des finances privées et publiques enclenchée en 2008, d’autre part, elle offre à la fois une histoire inédite de la législation économique et un examen minutieux des grandes questions contemporaines qui agitent le droit public économique. Elle aborde ces mouvements longs en trois grandes parties (de 1830 à 1919 aux temps du suffrage restreint ;de 1919 à 1980 de l’avènement du suffrage universel à la crise de la fin des Trente Glorieuses ;de 1980 à nos jours, soit depuis l’installation concomitante du fédéralisme et du primat de la concurrence).
S’intéressant au mouvement communal comme au droit colonial, au sauvetage des secteurs jugés systémiques comme à la fondation de grands organismes d’intérêt public, à la régulation comme à la soi-disant subsidiarité fonctionnelle de l’État, la dissertation vérifie l’hypothèse selon laquelle un droit qui a pour objet la politique économique repose sur l’ensemble des cinq grands rapports identifiés que nouent l’État et la propriété. Elle permet ainsi de mieux appréhender ce qu’est la vraie "Constitution économique" de la Belgique, laquelle est loin d’être portée par sa seule Constitution écrite.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Pariente, Jean-Marc. "Actualité économique hospitalière : analyse économique du fonctionnement des services hospitaliers". Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11100.
Milet, Emmanuel. "Services in today's economy". Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010081.
Today’s developed economies are often described as service economies. More than two thirds of employment and value added is generated by the service sector in OECD countries. Services are increasingly important in today’s knowledge based economies, are a crucial component of economic growth and contribute to the competitiveness of the industrial sector (Nord ås and Kim, 2013). Figure IV.9 plots the evolution of value added and employment in France between 1970 and 2007. It shows that the professional service industries (Real estate/renting/business services and financial intermediation) are the main contributors to the growth of the French economy. These services (also called “complementary services” by Katouzian (1970)), have been growing much faster than the manufacturing sector, and much faster than the other service sectors (wholesale/retail, hotels and restaurant services). These fast growing services accounted for 33% of the total value added in 2007 (twice as much as the manufacturing sector) and 20% of the overall employment (14% for the manufacturing sector). [...]
Coutard, Olivier. "Une analyse économique de l'accès aux réseaux électriques d'interconnexion". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9440.