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Van, den Houten Gerardus Jan. "Relationship Bonding, Trust and Cultural Distance in Strategic International Public-Private Partnerships in Africa". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/67299.
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Strategic international public-private partnerships (SIPPPs) involve private multinational and public domestic sector parties. SIPPPs are a more complex but less studied form of international strategic alliance (ISA) and increasingly important in the development of emerging economies. A growing body of ISA research has suggested the importance of cultural differences in the often-reported failure of such cross-cultural relationships, but their exact nature remains unknown. This study examines the effects of both national and organisational cultural value systems on trust-building in SIPPPs. It uniquely also tests whether the two types of cultural values are accorded differently by the two types of partner, private and public.
The complex relationship building processes were studied through the combined lenses of social-exchange and cultural-exchange theories, providing a rich perspective on the phenomenon under study. The sample, based on purposive sampling, consisted of successful and unsuccessful SIPPS of various sizes, from different industries, operating in a number of African countries. Africa, with its challenging environment and increasing focus on SIPPPs, represented an "extreme context" within which hypotheses could be rigorously tested. The relationships were tested empirically using structural equation modelling.
The study confirmed a strong relationship between partners’ economic and collaborative interdependency on the one hand, and mutual trust-levels on the other. Cultural difference was shown to have both a negative direct effect as well as a positive moderating effect on trust building, providing support for the notion of a “cultural paradox”. Strong evidence was provided that partners from opposite sides of the dyad, informed by their respective cultural backgrounds, have different perceptions of the relative importance of these relationships in building trust.
The findings have theoretical and practical significance, suggesting that SIPPP partners can improve trust levels and sustain their relationship by building ties of economic interdependence and engaging in collaborative actions to build their collaborative interdependence. The importance of partners being sensitive to each other’s needs and perceptions, and of engaging in reciprocity to build mutual confidence and trust seems critical. The findings have important implications for SIPPP design and needed management skills, as well as for future cross-cultural dyadic research.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
PhD
Unrestricted
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McMillan, Ann Mary y n/a. "Effects of Interdependency in the Xinjiang-Central Asian Region". Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20061018.133459.
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The past decade has seen a transformation in the relationships among states in the Xinjiang-Central Asian region. The thesis is an analysis of this relationship, a relationship primarily built on economic and strategic interdependency. Within the thesis, the basis of the relationship is established; the extent of the relationship is ascertained, and the impact of this relationship is evaluated. The thesis differs from previous studies of this area in several ways. The most significant is that a group of Central Asian states and an autonomous region of China have formed into a unit of economic interdependency, which needs to be assessed as a group rather than as individual entities. Much of previous and recent scholarship tends to focus on issues within a particular country or part of a country, such as the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. However, it is my contention that this is not an adequate representation of what is occurring in the region today. The focus needs to be widened to take into account the dynamics of this interdependent relationship which consists of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and several of the former Soviet Union states, primarily Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. All of these states with the exception of Uzbekistan are contiguous with Xinjiang. This relationship of interdependency has reached a level sufficient to influence decisions taken by governments within the region, and a prime factor of this has been the suppression of secessionist movements, principally Uygur separatist movements, among the Uygur diaspora residing in neighbouring states. Another highly relevant issue the thesis evaluates is sources of tension within the Xinjiang-Central Asian region and the impact these tensions have on the interdependency relationship. An assessment is made as to whether because of this interdependency, the sources of tension may not be adequately addressed by the respective governments to the satisfaction of the general populace. This is seen as due to the individual governments' hesitation to upset China by addressing such matters as border demarcation and transboundary water diversion between China and neighbouring states. An outcome of this scenario may be that many of the tensions are left to simmer and therefore bode ill for future stability in the region. Fundamentally, the thesis argues that the matters raised in the previous paragraphs need to be assessed on the basis of an ongoing relationship of interdependency encompassing Xinjiang and several neighbouring Central Asian states. The overlapping of multiple sources of commonality such as geography, ethnicity, culture, religion, economics and strategic matters, dictates that we should not assess issues on a country-by-country basis. Rather, it is necessary to consider the region as a whole, taking into account the prevailing conditions emanating from this relationship of economic and strategic interdependency.
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McMillan, Ann Mary. "Effects of Interdependency in the Xinjiang-Central Asian Region". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366881.
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The past decade has seen a transformation in the relationships among states in the Xinjiang-Central Asian region. The thesis is an analysis of this relationship, a relationship primarily built on economic and strategic interdependency. Within the thesis, the basis of the relationship is established; the extent of the relationship is ascertained, and the impact of this relationship is evaluated. The thesis differs from previous studies of this area in several ways. The most significant is that a group of Central Asian states and an autonomous region of China have formed into a unit of economic interdependency, which needs to be assessed as a group rather than as individual entities. Much of previous and recent scholarship tends to focus on issues within a particular country or part of a country, such as the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. However, it is my contention that this is not an adequate representation of what is occurring in the region today. The focus needs to be widened to take into account the dynamics of this interdependent relationship which consists of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and several of the former Soviet Union states, primarily Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. All of these states with the exception of Uzbekistan are contiguous with Xinjiang. This relationship of interdependency has reached a level sufficient to influence decisions taken by governments within the region, and a prime factor of this has been the suppression of secessionist movements, principally Uygur separatist movements, among the Uygur diaspora residing in neighbouring states. Another highly relevant issue the thesis evaluates is sources of tension within the Xinjiang-Central Asian region and the impact these tensions have on the interdependency relationship. An assessment is made as to whether because of this interdependency, the sources of tension may not be adequately addressed by the respective governments to the satisfaction of the general populace. This is seen as due to the individual governments' hesitation to upset China by addressing such matters as border demarcation and transboundary water diversion between China and neighbouring states. An outcome of this scenario may be that many of the tensions are left to simmer and therefore bode ill for future stability in the region. Fundamentally, the thesis argues that the matters raised in the previous paragraphs need to be assessed on the basis of an ongoing relationship of interdependency encompassing Xinjiang and several neighbouring Central Asian states. The overlapping of multiple sources of commonality such as geography, ethnicity, culture, religion, economics and strategic matters, dictates that we should not assess issues on a country-by-country basis. Rather, it is necessary to consider the region as a whole, taking into account the prevailing conditions emanating from this relationship of economic and strategic interdependency.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Full Text
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Peeva, Aleksandra. "Political Goals, Economic Constraints: Explaining the Motivation and Effects of Economic Sanctions". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19473.
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Diese Dissertation untersucht ökonomische Sanktionen im Kontext der empirischen politischen Ökonomie. Obwohl sie aus drei unabhängigen Kapiteln besteht, ist das übergeordnete, verbindende Ziel dieser Forschungsarbeit ein Gesamtverständnis der Motivation und der Effekte von Sanktionen anzubieten, getragen von der generellen Idee der Wechselwirkungen zwischen ökonomischen Anreizen und politischen Zielen. Meine Forschung zeichnet die ökonomischen Restriktionen ab, mit denen sich die politischen Entscheidungsträger im Bereich der internationalen Beziehungen auseinandersetzen.This dissertation explores economic sanctions in an empirical political economy context. While consisting of three independent papers, it aims at providing a holistic understanding of the motivation and effects of sanctions in particular, and the interplay between economic incentives and political goals in general. My research delineates the economic constraints that policymakers encounter in the field of international relations.
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Thacker, Scott. "Reducing the risk of failure in interdependent national infrastructure network systems". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:02e7313c-0967-47e3-becc-2e7da376f745.
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Infrastructure network systems support society and the economy by facilitating the distribution of essential services across broad spatial extents, at a range of scales. The complex and interdependent nature of these systems provides the conditions for which localised failures can dramatically cascade, resulting in disruptions that are widespread and very often unforeseen. This systemic vulnerability has been highlighted multiple times over the previous decades in infrastructures systems from around the world. In the future, the hazards to which infrastructure systems are exposed are set to grow with increasing extreme event risks caused by climate change. The aim of this thesis is to develop methodology and analysis for understanding and reducing the risk of failure of national interdependent infrastructure network systems. This study introduces multi-scale, system-of-systems based methodology and applied analysis that provides important new insights into interdependent infrastructure network risk and adaptation. Adopting a complex network based approach; real-world asset data is integrated from the energy, transport, water, waste and digital communications sectors to represent the physical interconnectivity that exists within and between interdependent infrastructure systems. Given the often limited scope of real-world datasets, an algorithm is presented that is used to synthesise missing network data, providing continuous network representations that preserve the most salient spatial and topological properties of real multi-level infrastructure systems. Using the resultant network representations, the criticality of individual assets is calculated by summing the direct and indirect customer disruptions that can occur in the event of failure. This is achieved by disrupting sets of functional service flow pathways that transcend sectorial and operational boundaries, providing long-range connectivity between service originating source nodes and customer allocated sink nodes. Kernel density estimation is used to integrate discrete asset criticality values into a continuous surface from which statistically significant infrastructure geographical criticality hotspots are identified. Finally, a business case is presented for investment in infrastructure adaptation, where adaptation costs are compared to the reduction in expected damages that arise from interdependency related failures over an assets lifetime. By representing physical and geographic interdependence at a range of scales, this analysis provides new evidence to inform the targeting of investments to reduce risks and enhance system resilience. It is concluded that the research presented within this thesis provides new theoretical insights and practical techniques for a range of academic, industrial and governmental infrastructure stakeholders, from the UK and beyond.
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Young, Katherine. "Strategic appraisal of interdependent infrastructure provision". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ca177983-e5c9-4ce5-8577-19ef12a9f116.
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Infrastructure services are of fundamental importance to a country's economic and social well-being; however, decisions about such investments are complex, involving multiple actors, high levels of uncertainty and creating a multi-decadal lock-in to the choices made. Methodologies to assist with such decisions ('appraisal' methodologies) have developed to consider many of these complexities, yet they remain sector specific, ignoring interdependencies between infrastructure networks. Such methodologies thereby ignore the opportunities or vulnerabilities derived from these inter-relationships, simply assuming that cross-sectoral services will be provided, and ignoring the constraints created for future development. Furthermore, the siloed methodologies make calculation of the total system effects impossible, undermining strategic plans and obscuring any need (or ability to) prioritise across sectors. The work herein aimed to develop and demonstrate a strategic approach, capable of providing a more complete valuation of infrastructure investments by taking the interdependencies between the networks into account. In so doing, it examined the hypothesis that use of such a methodology could help deliver more robust outcomes. The work is founded on development of a common, cross-sector appraisal methodology: fifteen common, monetised infrastructure performance metrics, developed by reviewing the strategic priorities of infrastructure and the existing sectoral cost benefit analyses. This was integrated with best practice from portfolio, pathway and real option approaches to create a longer term, system focused analysis of the decision space. Testing the framework through a case study (the Thames Hub Vision), chosen specifically for its high number of sectors, diversity of impacts and magnitude of its interdependencies, it examines the information gained by the increased methodological complexity. The results demonstrate that current appraisal methods are indeed incomplete, with interdependencies creating additional value and the opportunity for increased robustness. Indeed, ignored system effects are found to be sufficient to reverse the result of the analysis and future effects enabled by the investments are found to be up to an order of magnitude greater than the direct impacts recorded by current appraisals. Furthermore, the response and sensitivity to uncertainty is shown to be affected by consideration of the system effects, both directly, through their application to multiple assets and indirectly, through interaction with the wider investment landscape. The proposed approach captures these values and relationships, allowing more informed decisions to be made. In addition, a decision support tool is developed providing the means to identify which opportunities stakeholders wish to maintain, how these can be created and which variables must be tracked to ensure the opportunities remain valid. The work therefore promotes a more active, strategic approach to infrastructure investment, allowing translation between national targets, regional stakeholder values and sector-specific technical requirements, to create a more holistic plan for a country's infrastructure networks.
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Smith, Robert K. "China's rare earth policies: economic statecraft or interdependence?" Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27906.
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This study is about discovering to what extent China uses its rare earth element policies as a tool of economic statecraft. With Chinas virtual monopoly on this resource and the United States increasingly growing demand, it is necessary to examine how China intends on using its economic power. The study builds a comparative framework using both structural realism and neoliberal institutionalism, by identifying theory predictions in terms of Chinas strategic intent and the specific policies it might employ in the rare earth element sector. Specifically, the study finds that Beijing has and will continue to use its rare earth policies as a tool of economic statecraft, but with restraint. Despite its present reliance on economic interdependence with the United States, as China continues to modernize the structure of its economy, more statecraft interventions will likely occur. Beijing was successful in utilizing its rare earth policies as a tool of economic statecraft both by influencing the behavior of its international and its domestic commercial actors. China will leverage its near-monopoly on the rare earths industry by continuing to aggressively employ policies that meet its long-term strategic objectives.
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Teo, Ernie G. S. Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. "Strategic economic integration". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Economics, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31492.
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The French and Dutch refusal to ratify the European Constitution in 2005 and the collapse of many East German businesses post-reunification; are just some examples of the hurdles integrating nations face. Integration of nations affects many economic factors such as public good allocation, trade, production, labour, consumption and even macro-economic policy instruments. Therefore, it is important to understand what motivates integration. Few scholars have broached the subject of the integration of nations (see Goyal and Staal (2004)), where size asymmetry and historical dependence are considered. Starting with Alesina and Spolaore (2003)'s Size of Nations symmetric framework, we attempt to do this with a two nation (asymmetric in size) location model. The key findings are that size differentials and the constitutional design (the identity of the decision maker) matters. In this thesis, we consider the social planner (government) and voters. The social planner maximizes social welfare for his own nation. Voting outcomes become non-trivial as it depends on the number of alternatives and the voting system. We categorize integration into two main forms. Full Integration is when the two nations fully integrate to form a new one, only one capital remains. Federated Integration is where the nations integrate but retain some form of sovereignty; this is represented by the retention of both capitals. Size difference matters when two nations chose to integrate. As the size difference between the two nations increase it becomes harder for integration to occur; nations would integrate if there is no size difference. The identity of the decision maker will affect the threshold on size.
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Radzvilas, Mantas. "Strategic interdependence, hypothetical bargaining, and mutual advantage in non-cooperative games". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3477/.
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One of the conceptual limitations of the orthodox game theory is its inability to offer definitive theoretical predictions concerning the outcomes of noncooperative games with multiple rationalizable outcomes. This prompted the emergence of goal-directed theories of reasoning – the team reasoning theory and the theory of hypothetical bargaining. Both theories suggest that people resolve non-cooperative games by using a reasoning algorithm which allows them to identify mutually advantageous solutions of non-cooperative games. The primary aim of this thesis is to enrich the current debate on goaldirected reasoning theories by studying the extent to which the principles of the bargaining theory can be used to formally characterize the concept of mutual advantage in a way which is compatible with some of the conceptually compelling principles of orthodox game theory, such as individual rationality, incentive compatibility, and non-comparability of decision-makers’ personal payoffs. I discuss two formal characterizations of the concept of mutual advantage derived from the aforementioned goal-directed reasoning theories: A measure of mutual advantage developed in collaboration with Jurgis Karpus, which is broadly in line with the notion of mutual advantage suggested by Sugden (2011, 2015), and the benefit-equilibrating bargaining solution function, which is broadly in line with the principles underlying Conley and Wilkie’s (2012) solution for Pareto optimal point selection problems with finite choice sets. I discuss the formal properties of each solution, as well as its theoretical predictions in a number of games. I also explore each solution concept’s compatibility with orthodox game theory. I also discuss the limitations of the aforementioned goal-directed reasoning theories. I argue that each theory offers a compelling explanation of how a certain type of decision-maker identifies the mutually advantageous solutions of non-cooperative games, but neither of them offers a definitive answer to the question of how people coordinate their actions in non-cooperative social interactions.
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Robledo, Marcos P. "Democratization, economic interdependence, and security cooperation between Argentina, Brazil, and Chile". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393092.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, June 2001.Thesis advisors, Michael Barletta, Jeanne K. Giraldo. Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-191). Also available online.
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Masterson, James R. "Economic Interdependence and Conflict: The Case of China and its Neighbors". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1258741002.
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Finocchio, Chris James. "Latin American regional cooperative security : civil-military relations and economic interdependence". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FFinocchio.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.Thesis advisor(s): Jeanne K. Giraldo, Harold A. Trinkunas. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-71). Also available online.
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Wratschko, Katharina. "Strategic orientation and alliance portfolio configuration the interdependence of strategy and alliance portfolio management". Wiesbaden Gabler, 2008. http://d-nb.info/99336697X/04.
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Wratschko, Katharina Speckbacher Gerhard. "Strategic orientation and alliance portfolio configuration the interdependence of strategy and alliance portfolio management /". Wiesbaden : Gabler, 2009.
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Griffiths, Mark E. L. "International policy coordination and interdependence : the case of European Monetary integration". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358580.
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Pirincci, Muberra. "Turkish Russian Relations In The Post-soviet Era: Limits Of Economic Interdependence". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611004/index.pdf.
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This thesis aims to study the relations between Turkey and Russia in the post-Soviet era by focusing on the nature of economic interdependence between these countries. Focusing on the energy, trade, tourism and investment sectors, the thesis evaluates the interaction between the political and economic factors in the relations between Turkey and the Russian Federation. Contrary to the general view which claims that the historically conflictual relations between these two countries have been replaced by more cooperative economic and political relations, the thesis argues that these relations are characterized by both cooperation and conflict due to the complex nature of their interdependence. In this sense, there is always a potential for tensions in these relations due to the strategic role of economic relations between Turkey and Russia. Following the introduction chapter, the second chapter examines the historical background of Turkish-Russian relations until the end of the Soviet era in 1991. The third and fourth chapters analyze the Yeltsin and Putin periods in Turkish-Russian relations by exploring the limits of economic interdependence in four main sectors of economic transactiontrade, energy, investment and tourism. The last chapter is the conclusion.
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Gerasimenko, Olga. "Security Rivalry between the US and China under Conditions of Economic Interdependence". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366373816.
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Fischer, Manfred M. "Regions, technological interdependence and growth in Europe". The Romanian Regional Science Association, 2009. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5141/1/V321.FISHER.pdf.
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This paper presents a theoretical neoclassical growth model with two kinds of capital, and
technological interdependence among regions. Technological interdependence is assumed to
operate through spatial externalities caused by disembodied knowledge diffusion between
technologically similar regions. The transition from theory to econometrics yields a reduced-form
empirical model that in the spatial econometrics literature is known as spatial Durbin model.
Technological dependence between regions is formulated by a connectivity matrix that measures
closeness of regions in a technological space spanned by 120 distinct technological fields. We use a
system of 158 regions across 14 European countries over the period from 1995 to 2004 to
empirically test the model. The paper illustrates the importance of an impact-based model
interpretation, in terms of the LeSage and Pace (2009) approach, to correctly quantify the
magnitude of spillover effects that avoid incorrect inferences about the presence or absence of
significant capital externalities among technologically similar regions. (author's abstract)
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Nallicheri, Renu Agawal. "Automotive painting--an economic and strategic analysis". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12304.
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Penczynski, Stefan Peter. "Strategic thinking : experimental investigation and economic theory". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2547/.
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Strategic interaction has traditionally been modelled in economics with game theoretic equilibrium models. In these models, strategies constitute best responses to beliefs that are consistent with other players' strategies. While this consistency is realistic in settings familiar to the players, it is less appropriate in situations that are encountered for the first time. This shortcoming has led to the conception of models of bounded rationality, in particular the level-k model of levels of reasoning. While experimental studies usually employ only action data to test the level-k model, in this thesis, a team setup with electronic communication between participants allows for a qualitatively richer insight in actual reasoning processes. Two different games are played to investigate different notions of strategic thinking. The first study uses a dominance-solvable 'beauty contest' game in which 6-8 teams compete for a prize. This game lends itself naturally to the observation of levels of reasoning. In addition, the communication allows to analyse the anchoring level-0 belief and the population belief of individual players. The second study uses a zero-sum 'hide and seek' game that two teams play against each other. Both the influence of non-neutral framing on the level-0 belief and the task-dependence of the level of reasoning can be brought to light in this study. The third and final chapter considers an application of the equilibrium concept in the theory of implicit incentives, a situation of complex strategic interaction. The method and results of the study are viewed against the background of the limitations of equilibrium models to reflect a situation of inherent one-shot nature.
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Kiss, Kristina y P. G. Pererva. "Strategic problems of economic security of Ukraine". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/40227.
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Linden, Jan Adrianus van der. "Interdependence and specialisation in the European Union : intercountry input-output analysis and economic integration /". Capelle a/d Ijssel : Labyrint Publication, 1998. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00039836.pdf.
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Sung, Ki-Young. "Security crisis and economic interdependence : a case study of inter-Korean trade (2002-2006)". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55779/.
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Modern security studies have demonstrated that military insecurity or confrontation create crucial obstacles in trade relationships between states. Unlike this widely accepted conclusion, the trade relationship between the ROK and the DPRK from 2002 to 2006 showed a stable growth despite increasingly hostile political confrontation and military tension caused by the North Korean nuclear program. This study analyzes under what conditions the security instability did not undermine economic interdependence and which factors predominantly affected the actors' behavior by focusing on South Korean SMEs. It will conclude that substantial change of inter-Korean relations after the summit talks in 2000 enabled the SMEs to continue to engage with the DPRK under the nuclear crisis. In terms of what actually motivated SMEs in these transactions, it will argue that South Korean businessmen's desperate desire to took for lower-cost production provided a key driving force for them to risk the military instability. This study will substantiate this argument by providing a result of structured survey of South Korean entrepreneurs who actually were involved in the inter-Korea trade in this particular period. By analyzing how security agenda and economic interest relates each other, this study will overcome either security-dominated or economy-centered bias in capturing the changed essence of inter-Korean relations.
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Burdea, Valeria. "Essays in strategic information transmission". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/53640/.
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This thesis contributes to the literature on strategic information transmission through providing new insights into strategic behavior under several communication frameworks. The thesis is comprised of five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the main topics and research methodologies presented in the next three chapters. Chapter 2 reports experiments in sender-receiver games with partially verifiable messages. We explore the role of verification control on strategic behavior and final outcomes. We find that behavior is closer to theoretical predictions when senders have verification control. However, the setting in which receivers have control over the verification action promotes higher average payoffs despite behavior being noisier. Chapter 3 investigates the effect of cheap talk on the interpretation of partially informative verifiable communication (evidence). Using experimental data from sender-receiver games similar to those in chapter 2 we find that cheap talk distorts receivers’ appraisal of evidence. Specifically, it makes receivers depart from theoretical predictions more than they do in a treatment where cheap talk is not present. Chapter 4 explores the effect of cheap talk in a sender-receiver game with sender state independent preferences and a state space with non-uniform distribution. This type of state space leads to the interests of the players to be either more likely aligned, or more likely conflicting. Using a simple theoretical analysis we show that if receivers dislike taking an action that is profitable for a deceiving sender (“sucker aversion”), communication can harm when interests are more likely aligned. However, when interests are more likely conflicting, communication helps due to senders’ “lying aversion”. We run experiments to test these predictions and find no effect of cheap talk when interests are more likely aligned. When interests are more likely conflicting, communication has a positive effect on payoffs but not due to the hypothesized mechanism. Chapter 5 provides a summary of the previous chapters’ results as well as a discussion which points out the limitations. Finally it delineates welcomed directions for future research.
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Haberberg, Adrian Bernard. "Isomorphism in strategic decision-making". Thesis, City University London, 2005. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8451/.
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A laboratory study of the factors of that influence the propensity of organisations to copy the strategic decisions of others, based around the BRANDMAPS simulation, investigated the effects of contingencies relating to the environment, the decision and the firm itself, in the absence of binding resource constraints and legal pressures. The proportion of isomorphic decisions diminished with industry age: isomorphic behaviour did not become institutionalised. It was positively associated with industry dynamism - isomorphism was possibly used for risk reduction. No association with industry concentration was found: field structuration did not affect isomorphic behaviour. Pressures to imitate their peers, as perceived by participants, appeared unrelated to firms' performance or socio-cultural characteristics other than team diversity. Isomorphic behaviour was unrelated to isomorphic pressures, suggesting that unconscious rationality in managerial behaviour. Knowledge of opponents' decisions was associated with isomorphic behaviour, indicating that isomorphism was not simply a response to the task environment. However, the association was positive for some decisions and negative for others, inconsistent with common explanations of isomorphism as deriving from a desire for legitimation. Rather, isomorphic behaviour results from managers making efficient use of available information on competitors' practices. Combinatorially complex bundles of decisions were not isomorphic between firms that had taken similar individual decisions. There was no evidence of an "iron cage" constraining them to become more similar. Isomorphism between firms is not necessarily linked to institutionalisation or stimulated by causes - notably legitimation - suggested by institutional theory. A model of isomorphic behaviour in firms is proposed, based on the perceived value of the practice being copied, the nature of the decision, contingent properties of the business environment and of the organisational field and the situation and internal properties of the firm. The implications for managerial praxis are explored.
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Gränsmark, Patrik. "Essays on economic behavior, gender and strategic learning". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutet för social forskning (SOFI), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-43820.
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This doctoral thesis consists of four papers. Strategic behavior across gender: A comparison of female and male expert chess players analyzes gender differences in risk behavior in chess. We use a panel data set with 1.4 million games. Most notably, the data contains an objective measure of individual playing skill. We find that women are more risk averse and that men choose riskier strategies when playing against female opponents even though this reduces their winning probability. Gender differences in time preference and inconsistency among expert chess players presents findings on gender differences in time preference and inconsistency in chess. Impatience is estimated by measuring preferences for game durations while inconsistency by exploiting the 40th move time control. The results reveal that men are more impatient while women are more time inconsistent. Moreover, the difference in impatience increases with expertise while the difference in inconsistency decreases. Beauty queens and battling knights: Risk taking and attractiveness in chess explores the relationship between attractiveness and risk taking in chess. We examine whether people use riskier strategies when playing with attractive opponents and whether this affects performance. Our results suggest that male, but not female, chess players choose significantly riskier strategies when playing against an attractive female opponent, although this does not improve their performance. Strategic Learning in Repeated Chess Games, examines if chess players in repeated games with the same opponent, learn about the opponent’s type and adapt future strategies accordingly. It also shows how matching background characteristics affect the choice of strategy. The findings show that chess players learn about the opponent’s type. Players with similar background characteristics coordinate better than players of different gender or nationality but this difference decreases as the players update their beliefs.At the time of doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows:Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
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Gauer, Florian [Verfasser]. "Strategic interaction and socio-economic structure / Florian Gauer". Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1104367343/34.
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Dowson, Lynne. "Local authority strategic capacity and local economic governance". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275005.
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Ioannidis, Christos. "Strategic issues in German economic development 1850-1913". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359894.
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Morales, Giraldo Juan Francisco. "Political effects of economic interdependence among South American members of the Alliance of the Pacific". Politai, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/92324.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the unintended political effects of economic interdependence among South American members of the Alliance of the Pacific by tracing the evolution of their mutual trade in relation to the intensity of their military competitive dynamics from 2001 to 2015. Two measurement instruments are use: an intra-regional trade index based on commerce data, and a coordination index based on arms purchases. The question is if the formation of the Alliance and trade relations now embedded in it have had any effect on the cooperation-conflict political balance. Issues concerning the method are discuss as well as the implications of the research for the intertheory debate. Last section is dedicate to discuss briefly the historical understanding of regional conflicts and normative aims of regional integration.El texto aborda los posibles efectos políticos no intencionados de la interdependencia económica entre los miembros sudamericanos de la Alianza del Pacífico examinando el desarrollo de sus relaciones comerciales en relación con la intensidad de sus dinámicas militares de competencia entre 2001 y 2015. Se emplean dos instrumentos de medición: un índice de comercio intragrupal basado en datos de comercio exterior y un índice de coordinación basado en datos de compras militares. Los resultados permiten observar si la creación de la Alianza del Pacífico y el comercio intragrupal han tenido efecto en el carácter de las relaciones políticas. Se discuten los alcances y limitaciones del método y las implicancias de la investigación para el debate inter-teórico. Finalmente, se discuten brevemente el carácter histórico de la conflictividad y los rasgos normativos del integracionismo regional.
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Kwok, Ki-wa Joyce y 郭其華. "Hong Kong international telecommunications: strategic issues". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126802X.
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Mugova, Terrence Tafadzwa. "Interdependence and business cycle transmission between South Africa and the USA, UK, Japan and Germany". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002680.
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The process of globalisation has had a large impact on the world economy over the past three decades. Economic globalisation has manifested itself in the increasing integration of goods and services through international trade and the integration of financial markets. As a consequence the existence of co-movements in economic variables of different countries has become more evident. The extent to which globalisation causes a country’s economy to move together with the rest of the world concerns policy-makers. When such co-movement is significant, the influence of policy-makers on their respective domestic economies is significantly reduced. South Africa re-entered the international economy in the early 1990s when the forces of globalisation, especially for developing countries, seemed to gain momentum. Empirical research such as Kabundi and Loots (2005) found strong evidence of international co-movement between the world business cycle and the South African business cycle, particularly following South Africa’s integration into the global economy. This study examines the relationship and interdependence between South Africa and four of its major developed trading partners. More particularly, the study examines the question of whether business cycles are transmitted from Germany, Japan, US and UK to South Africa, and/or from South Africa to Germany, Japan, the US and UK. The study employs structural vector autoregressive (SVARs) models to analyse monthly data from 1980:01–2008:04 on industrial production, producer prices, short-term interest rates and real effective exchange rates. The results show that South Africa benefits from economic growth in both the UK and US. They also indicate significant price transmission from Germany and Japan to South Africa, with transmission in the opposite direction being statistically insignificant. The impulse response graphs show that a positive one standard deviation shock to both German and Japanese producer prices has a negative impact on South African output (industrial production) growth. Furthermore, South African monetary policy is relatively unresponsive to international monetary policy stances. The findings of this study indicate that South African policymakers need to take into consideration economic performance of the country’s major trading partners, with particular emphasis on the UK and US economies.
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Kardell, Amy Louise. "Modeling the determinants of industry political power: industry winners in the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981". Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/327.
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This study uses qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to examine the basis of industry political power by assessing conditions of economic interdependence and political action associated with the passage of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (ERTA), and the significant reduction in effective tax rates for eight of eighteen U.S. industries. Past research has focused on the simple passage of "pro-business" legislation, failing to provide adequate evidence as to who benefits or how they benefit from the legislation. The Boolean analysis used in this study indicates that a distinct combination of both political action and economic factors present a clear pattern of causal conditions associated with both tax winners and losers. Using three separate analyses, the theoretically exclusive explanations offered by both class dominance and structural theories fail to provide any clear explanations. Tax policy is associated with a set of conditions that are conjunctural in nature, supporting a combined model. Strong PAC contributions, number of registered lobbyists, and outside lobby firms in association with a strong federal relationship, and either total economic strength or strong inter-industry relations produced the specific conjunctural patterns associated with "winning' industries. Lack of significant PAC contributions to the House Ways and Means and Senate Finance Committees insured an industries failure to benefit from the legislative change. The results from this study indicate that a new theoretical model is needed that incorporates the complexity of the interdependent-relationships of political and economic conditions. Evolving from the mutually exclusive theoretical explanations of the past, class segmentation, political dominance, and structural economic explanations are brought back together in a manner that exposes the complexity of the relationships resulted in tangible benefits from the passage of ERTA.
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Fahey, John T. "Britain 1939-1945: The economic cost of strategic bombing". University of Sydney. History, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/664.
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The strategic air offensive against Germany during World War II formed a major part of Britain�s wartime military effort and it has subsequently attracted the attention of historians. Despite the attention, historians have paid little attention to the impact of the strategic air offensive on Britain. This thesis attempts to redress this situation by providing an examination of the economic impact on Britain of the offensive. The work puts the economic cost of the offensive into its historical context by describing the strategic air offensive and its intellectual underpinnings. Following this preliminary step, the economic costs are described and quantified across a range of activities using accrual accounting methods. The areas of activity examined include the expansion of the aircraft industry, the cost of individual aircraft types, the cost of constructing airfields, the manufacture and delivery of armaments, petrol and oil, and the recruitment, training and maintenance of the necessary manpower. The findings are that the strategic air offensive cost Britain �2.78 billion, equating to an average cost of �2,911.00 for every operational sortie flown by Bomber Command or �5,914.00 for every Germany civilian killed by aerial bombing. The conclusion reached is the damage inflicted upon Germany by the strategic air offensive imposed a very heavy financial burden on Britain that she could not afford and this burden was a major contributor to Britain�s post-war impoverishment.
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Bassett, Carolyn M. "Negotiating South Africa's economic future COSATU and strategic unionism /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59119.pdf.
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Maltz, Arnold Bennett. "Outsourcing the corporate logistics function : economic and strategic considerations". The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1273086521.
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Maltz, Arnold. "Outsourcing the corporate logistics function : economic and strategic considerations /". The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487776801318748.
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Fahey, John. "Britain 1939-1945 the economic cost of strategic bombing /". Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/664.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2004.Title from title screen (viewed 6 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of History, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Miniussi, Jalba Terezinha. "Economic value exchange dynamics in a strategic sourcing context". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17860.
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While is widely accepted the dynamic nature of value creation in business relationships, most of the research presents cross-sectional and dyadic approaches. This research takes a more dynamic approach by examining how and why a buyer-firm transfers orders from a supplier to another in a strategic sourcing context through a certain period of time. We explore the managerial situation of two suppliers competing for the buyer preference, and the process of buyer’s choice between two suppliers in search of higher value creation and appropriation. We analyze six cases of strategic sourcing, each one formed by a triad (two dyads linked by a common buyer), in a longitudinal-retrospective approach. Integrating two different streams of value creation theories (industrial marketing and strategic management), and dynamic capabilities theory, we propose a conceptual model that includes both buyer’s and supplier’s perspectives of value creation and appropriation. According to the model, there are four consecutive stages of value creation in a strategic sourcing context. Buyer-firms choose the most suitable stage of value creation for a given strategic sourcing according to the degree of uncertainty in the business environment, its internal demands and business opportunities. The chosen supplier will be the one that has the attributes to transact at this stage of value creation. On the other hand, supplier-firms seek to establish business relationships with buyer-firms that enable them to expand sales, thanks mainly to the reputation of being a supplier of an exigent customer. Moving to superior stages of value creation can lead to a higher value appropriation and, eventually, to competitive advantage. However, this movement requires investments of the parties to strengthen operational capabilities and developing dynamic capabilities. We shed light on the tradeoffs faced by purchasing managers in their search for competitive advantage, as well as the contingent factors present in strategic sourcing. The model may guide purchasing and sales managers in finding the most suitable stage of value creation to strategic sourcing relationships, according to their level of environmental uncertainty, internal needs, and investment capacity.
Embora seja amplamente aceita a natureza dinâmica da criação de valor nos relacionamentos interorganizacionais, a maior parte da pesquisa apresenta abordagens transversais, com foco na díade ou em uma das partes envolvidas no relacionamento. Este estudo adota uma abordagem mais dinâmica ao examinar como e por que uma empresa compradora transfere pedidos de compras de um fornecedor para outro em um contexto de fornecimento estratégico durante um período de tempo. Exploramos a situação gerencial onde dois fornecedores competem pela preferência da mesma empresa compradora, assim como o processo de escolha do comprador entre dois fornecedores em busca de maior criação e apropriação de valor. Analisamos seis casos de fornecimento estratégico, cada um formado por uma tríade (duas díades ligadas por um comprador comum), em uma abordagem longitudinal-retrospectiva. Integrando duas vertentes teóricas de criação de valor (marketing industrial e gestão estratégica), além da teoria de capacidades dinâmicas, propomos um modelo conceitual que inclui perspectivas de criação de valor e apropriação tanto do comprador como do fornecedor. De acordo com o modelo, há quatro estágios consecutivos de criação de valor em um contexto de fornecimento estratégico. A empresa compradora elege o estágio de criação de valor em que deseja atuar para cada fornecimento estratégico, levando em conta o grau de incerteza no ambiente de negócios, suas demandas internas e oportunidades de negócios. O fornecedor escolhido será aquele que possui os atributos necessários para atuar neste estágio de criação de valor. Por outro lado, as empresas fornecedoras procuram estabelecer relacionamentos comerciais com os compradores que lhes permitem expandir suas vendas, graças principalmente à reputação de serem fornecedores de um cliente exigente. Estabelecer relacionamentos comprador-fornecedor em estágios superiores de criação de valor pode levar a uma maior apropriação de valor e, eventualmente, à vantagem competitiva. No entanto, este movimento exige investimentos das partes para fortalecer as competências operacionais e desenvolver capacidades dinâmicas. Lançamos luz sobre os tradeoffs enfrentados pelos gerentes de compras em sua busca por vantagem competitiva, bem como nos fatores contingentes presentes no fornecimento estratégico. O modelo pode orientar gerentes de compras e profissionais de vendas a encontrar o estágio mais adequado de criação de valor para as relações de fornecimento estratégicas, de acordo com seu nível de incerteza ambiental, necessidades internas e capacidade de investimento.
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Tonin, Simone. "Strategic foundations of oligopolies in general equilibrium". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7046/.
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In this thesis, I study the strategic foundations of oligopolies in general equilibrium by following the approach based on strategic market games. The thesis is organised as follows. In Chapter 1, I first survey some of the main contributions on imperfect competition in production economies and the main problems which arise in this framework. I then focus on the literature on imperfect competition in exchange economies by considering the Cournot-Walras approach and strategic market games. I finally discuss the main contributions on the foundations of oligopolies. In Chapter 2, I extend the non-cooperative analysis of oligopoly to exchange economies with infinitely many commodities and traders by using a strategic market game with trading posts. I prove the existence of a Cournot-Nash equilibrium with trade and show that the price vector and the allocation at the Cournot-Nash equilibrium converge to the Walras equilibrium when the number of traders increases. In a framework with infinitely many commodities, an oligopolist can be an "asymptotic oligopolist" if his market power is uniformly bounded away from zero on an infinite set of commodities, or an "asymptotic price-taker" if his market power converges to zero along the sequence of commodities. The former corresponds to the Cournotian idea of oligopolist. The latter describes an agent with a kind of mixed behaviour since his market power can be made arbitrary small by choosing an appropriate infinite set of commodities while it is greater than a positive constant on a finite set. In Chapter 3, I further study oligopolies in economies with infinitely many commodities and traders. By using the strategic market game called "all for sale model", I prove the existence of an asymptotic price-taker. Heuristically, an asymptotic price-taker exists if at least one trader makes positive bids on an infinite number of commodities and in all markets the quantities of commodities exchanged are non-negligible. In Chapter 4, I study if there is a non-empty intersection between the sets of Cournot-Nash and Walras allocations in mixed exchange economies, with oligopolists represented as atoms and small traders represented by a continuum. In a bilateral oligopoly setting, I show that a necessary and sufficient condition for a Cournot-Nash allocation to be a Walras allocation is that all atoms demand a null amount of one of the two commodities. I also provide four examples which show that this characterization holds non-vacuously.
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Stead, Jean Garner y W. Edward Stead. "Sustainable Strategic Management". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. http://amzn.com/0765635453.
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Sustainable strategic management (SSM) involves analysing, formulating, and implementing business strategies that are economically competitive, socially responsible, and in balance with the cycles of nature. SSM has emerged from the coevolutionary interactions of business organisations with the society they serve and the planet they call home. SSM strategic portfolios allow organisations to create competitive advantages by serving as agents of social change and ecological protection.This book has been specifically written as a text for traditional graduate and undergraduate strategic management courses, and its short length makes appropriate as a supplementary text in these courses as well. The authors have structured the book to follow the standard strategic management process, and they have included an ongoing descriptive case on Eastman Chemical Company designed to provide an in-depth example of the concepts presented in the chapters.From creating organisational visions and missions, to formulating, implementing, and evaluating goals and strategies, this book provides readers with new ways of thinking about their organisation's strategic role in the greater society and ecosystem now and in the future.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1054/thumbnail.jpg
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Kastner, Scott L. "Commerce in the shadow of conflict : domestic politics and the relationship between international conflict and economic interdependence /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3089468.
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Nazneen, Mahnaz. "Individual characteristics and mood effects on strategic interactions". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/93387/.
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This thesis aims to answer questions on heterogeneity found in individual decision making owing to differences in preferences and motives. In the first chapter I examine how individual's gender affects bargaining behaviour in an Ultimatum Game. I use a method of priming to make differences in gender roles salient. The results show that due to the prime, both men and women responder ask for a lower minimum acceptable offer when they are partnered with a male proposer, after controlling for personality traits, intelligence and risk preferences. Regardless of their gender, the prime influences behaviour of both men and women in a similar manner. Also, consistent with the literature, I find no significant difference in the Proposer behaviour. The second chapter looks at the relationship between induced mood and cooperative behaviour in a repeated interaction using the Prisoner's Dilemma game. We find that players with an induced positive mood tend to cooperate less than players in a neutral mood setting. This difference is highest in settings with an uncertain number of repetitions and with no communication. We find that the difference is driven by both less accurate beliefs about partners' choices and a less rational reaction to these beliefs among the players in the positive mood treatment. This interpretation of the data is corroborated by a systematic analysis of the text used during communication. The third chapter looks at the idea of multiple motives in social dilemma, using the Public Goods game and the Trust game. We look at the causal effect of mood, risk and beliefs, and find that people in positive mood put in more effort compared to people in neutral mood and perform better in the cognitive intelligence test. However, we find that mood in presence of ambiguity is overpowered by beliefs and decisions in public goods game and trust games are driven mostly by belief rather than participant's mood.
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Nielsen, Kirby. "Essays in Decision Making Under Uncertainty and Strategic Communication". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu153683787178474.
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Fulson, Karl A. y Amy Seabrooke. "Strategic Community Economic Development and Small Business : Cooperation for Sustainability". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3128.
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This thesis aims to increase the knowledge and capacity of Canadian communities and their small businesses in order to enable their transition towards sustainability. This was accomplished through interviews with Canadian Community Economic Development (CED) experts, and surveys from Small Business (SB) operators in Canmore, Alberta, Canada. We suggest the potential roles for CED proponents and SB operators include: (1) Shared development of community vision; (2) Local business networks for sustainability; (3) Community capacity building through dialogue.
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Albursan, Ahmed Salim. "The superpowers and the Maghreb : political, economic and strategic relations". Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6121/.
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The study focuses on superpower relations with the Maghreb from independence until 1985. It contains eight chapters and conclusion together with a bibliography. The introduction defines the scope and objectives of the study, as well as discussing the methodology and techniques employed in the research. Chapter two gives a historical background to European relations with the Maghreb states and explains how the Maghreb became part of European political, economic and strategic objectives in the European multipolar system. Chapter three presents a theoretical basis for superpower relations with the Third World. Chapter four examines the historical relations between the Maghreb and the superpowers until the independence, and the role of the superpowers in Maghreb independence. Chapter five deals with political relations between the Maghreb and the superpowers and chapter six examines the economic relations between the superpowers and the Maghreb states. Chapter seven deals with superpower strategic relations with the Maghreb focusing on Mediterranean security, arms transfers, military bases and intelligence cooperation. Chapter eight examines superpower behaviour toward regional conflict and stability in the Maghreb. The final chapter contains a summary and conclusion and future prospects for superpowers relations with the Maghreb and the role of the EC in future relations.
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Potthoff-Sewing, Christian. "Strategic R&D expenditures and free entry". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303192.
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Kamchamnong, Tanya. "A complexity approach to economic interdependence and militarised interstate conflict in relations between Thailand and Burma, 1988-2000". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431209.
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Wulff, Marco. "Strategic behavior and cooperation in an asymmetric oligopoly an economic analysis". München Verl. Dr. Hut, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992162785/04.
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Onwochei, Gil. "U.S. television coverage of Africa : geopolitical, economic, and strategic policy implications /". Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1987.
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