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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Ecologie acoustique"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Ecologie acoustique"
Coquin, Salomé, Amandine Caron, Olivie Elion-Gambou y Mathilde Besson. "Espèces remarquables en mer Méditerranée : menaces, suivis et conservation / Remarkable species in the Mediterranean Sea: Threats, monitoring and conservation". Ecologia mediterranea 48, n.º 1 (2022): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.2022.2143.
Texto completoGyger, M., A. Pontet y F. Schenk. "Le canal acoustique chez les Rongeurs: les émissions à haute fréquence". Revue suisse de zoologie. 93 (1986): 623–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.79502.
Texto completoClair, Bruno, Gilles Despaux, Bernard Chanson y Bernard Thibaut. "Utilisation de la microscopie acoustique pour l'�tude des propri�t�s locales du bois : �tude pr�liminaire de param�tres exp�rimentaux". Annals of Forest Science 57, n.º 4 (mayo de 2000): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2000124.
Texto completoBoulard, Michel. "Éthologie sonore et statut acoustique de quelques Cigales thaïlandaises, incluant la description de deux espèces nouvelles (Hemiptera: Auchenorhyncha, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae)". Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 39, n.º 2 (enero de 2003): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2003.10697366.
Texto completoPelosse, J. L. "Signalisation acoustique animal et cris humains dans les relations entre le Renne d‘élevage lapon (Rangifer tarandus L.) et l'homme". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 32, n.º 2 (26 de abril de 2010): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1973.tb01101.x.
Texto completoMEIN, P. y Y. TUPINIER. "Histoire des Chiroptères en relation avec les systèmes de localisation acoustique". Mammalia 50, n.º 1 (1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1986.50.1.99.
Texto completoGannier, Alexandre. "Le peuplement estival de cétacés dans le Sanctuaire Marin Pelagos (Méditerranée nord-occidentale): distribution et abondance / Summer cetacean popoulation in the Pelagos Marine Sanctuary (northwest Mediterranean): distribution and abundance". Mammalia 70, n.º 1-2 (1 de enero de 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mamm.2006.003.
Texto completoGannier, Alexandre. "Le peuplement estival de cétacés dans le Sanctuaire Marin Pelagos (Méditerranée nord-occidentale): distribution et abondance / Summer cetacean popoulation in the Pelagos Marine Sanctuary (northwest Mediterranean): distribution and abundance". Mammalia 70, n.º 1-2 (1 de enero de 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mamm.70.1-2.17.
Texto completoBRIDELANCE, P. y Y. HEMIM. "Communication acoustique entre individus adultes des genres Meriones, Pachyuromys (Gerbillidae, Rodentia). II. Analyse phénétique du comportement acoustique de M. shawi grandis, M. shawi shawi, M. libycus, M. crassus, M. tristrami, M. persicus". Mammalia 53, n.º 3 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1989.53.3.337.
Texto completoBRIDELANCE, P. "Communication acoustique entre individus adultes des genres Meriones, Pachyuromys, Psammomys (Gerbillidae, Rodentia). I - Analyse des répertoires". Mammalia 53, n.º 1 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1989.53.1.3.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Ecologie acoustique"
Desjonquères, Camille. "Ecologie et diversité acoustique des milieux aquatiques : exploration en milieux tempérés". Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MNHN0015/document.
Texto completoAn important diversity of animal species produces sounds during communication, orientation, movement, or prey-predator acts. These sounds are not distributed randomly in space and time and are therefore thought to follow assembly rules forming either acoustic populations or acoustic communities. Freshwater environments and ponds in particular, are considered as primary resources for biological diversity and as such host a potentially significant number of soniferous species. However the acoustic diversity of these natural environments remains totally unexplored.The main aim of this PhD was to explore for the first time the acoustic diversity found in temperate freshwater by studying the patterns and structural processes of a selection of acoustic populations and communities recorded in several types of freshwater environments. A review of the literature on sound production by freshwater organisms along with laboratory recordings of target species revealed that a valuable acoustic diversity can be found in temperate freshwater environments. To understand how the acoustic diversity is structured, the acoustic communities of three temperate ponds were acoustically monitored. This study revealed that the three ponds were characterized by rich and distinct acoustic communities with specific spatio-temporal dynamics. To further understand the potential factors structuring freshwater acoustic communities, environmental variables were assessed along with the composition of acoustic communities found in six secondary channels of the Rhône riverine floodplain. Two environmental variables were investigated: the water temperature and the level of lateral connectivity of the secondary channels to the main river. Acoustic communities in the Rhône riverine floodplain were clearly structured by lateral connectivity suggesting a role of this key variable as an assembly rule. Finally to understand the possible processes linking animal acoustics and the natural environment, a population of aquatic insect, Micronecta scholtzi, was acoustically monitored in a Mediterranean pond. The level of M. scholtzi acoustic activity was assessed continuously using a network of twelve synchronised acoustic sensors. The acoustic activity of \textit{M. scholtzi} showed a regular daily pattern that was modified in amplitude and phase by the playback of an anthropogenic noise. This experiment revealed that the effects of noise pollution may emerge at an aquatic insect population level. This PhD unraveled the existence of a significant amount of unexplored acoustic diversity in freshwater environments and identified links between acoustics and the environment. This research opens interesting perspectives in the use of acoustic to tackle fundamental and applied ecological questions in freshwater environments
Ulloa, chacón Juan. "Estimation de la diversité acoustique animale en forêt néotropicale". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS120.
Texto completoAcoustic signalling is a common behavioural trait among terrestrial animals. The rich sound textures of neotropical forest echo that wildlife is not only abundant, but also diverse and dynamic. This facet of biodiversity can reveal valuable insights of animal communities inhabiting tropical environments, yet remains poorly understood. How to best measure tropical acoustic diversity to address ecological questions? Based on the ecoacoustic framework, we explored the soundscape of neotropical forest, revealing patterns and investigating the ecological underlying processes. First, we tracked the spatiotemporal dynamics of an amazonian soundmark, the song of the bird Lipaugus vociferans, showing activity patterns related to specific habitat features. Then, we investigated amphibian communities with very brief reproduction periods. Coupling acoustic and environmental variables, we shed light on the causes, patterns and consequences of explosive breeding events. Finally, we adapted novel computational tools from the machine learning and pattern recognition disciplines to provide an efficient, objective and replicable analysis of large acoustic datasets. Ecoacoustics, powered with computer algorithms, emerge as a suitable approach to scale-up biodiversity monitoring programs, allowing to better understand and cherish the unique diversity of life sustained by tropical forest
Schillé, Laura. "Diversité des oiseaux et régulation de l’herbivorie sur les arbres : effets du climat et de l’urbanisation à différentes échelles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0241.
Texto completoInsectivorous birds actively contribute to the regulation of herbivorous insect populations, thus playing a key role in terrestrial ecosystem dynamics. The theory suggests that bird community diversity covaries with the number of functions they perform, as communities that are more diverse explore broader functional spaces and utilize available resources more effectively. However, global changes might alter this relationship. The question then becomes whether these changes affect the structure of bird communities and their associated functions similarly, or if these variables respond differently. Additionally, biogeographical patterns may be locally altered by biotic and abiotic factors. Thus, this combination of factors operating at different scales can modify the tri-trophic cascade, acting independently, antagonistically, or synergistically on bird communities, herbivore communities, and the characteristics of the trees they feed on. The main objective of this thesis was to explore the effects of increasing temperatures and urbanization, in interaction with local factors such as the quantity and diversity of forest habitats, on the relationship between diversity and predation function of insectivorous birds. To this end, we worked at multiple nested scales, from the tree and its immediate surroundings to the continental scale. We employed innovative methods based on acoustic ecology, citizen science, and automated recognition algorithms to characterize bird communities in a standardized and large-scale manner, and we developed experimental approaches to assess the reproducibility of these methods. Our results indicate that increasing temperatures and urbanization have significant impacts—positive and negative, respectively—on the taxonomic and functional diversity of insectivorous bird communities. However, we observed a decoupling between community structure and associated ecosystem functions in response to these changes. This suggests a need to reconsider the general applicability of the theory linking community diversity to the number of functions they perform. Furthermore, the quantity and diversity of forest habitats are local factors that modulate the effects of climate and urban factors, which structure bird communities and the tri-trophic cascades they initiate on a larger scale. Finally, our work has contributed to advancing methods for studying biodiversity dynamics and its functions
Receveur, Aurore. "Ecologie spatiale du micronecton : distribution, diversité et importance dans la structuration de l'écosystème pélagique du Pacifique sud-ouest". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0401.
Texto completoThe New Caledonian pelagic ecosystem in the southwest Pacific contains a high diversity of predators, such as seabirds and cetaceans. The recent creation of the Natural Park of the Coral Sea created a need for solid information on the functioning of this remarkable ecosystem, particularly on the dynamics of the micronecton (organisms between 1 and 20 cm constituting food of top predators) and its central role in food webs, especially since is the most poorly understood. In this context, this PhD showed a strong influence of environment on its spatial and seasonal distribution with on average more micronekton in the south than in the north, and more in winter than in summer. The species composing the micronecton are riche in crustaceans in the north and in cephalopods and fish in the south. The micronecton abundance would tend to decrease under the influence of climate change. Finally, we showed that the spatial distribution of this group influenced the presence of six groups of predators: yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna, dolphin, dolphin, shearwater and red-footed body
Chorier, Cécile. "La classification de cibles aquatiques par sonar large bande". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0069.
Texto completoMarin-Cudraz, Thibaut. "Potentialité de la bioacoustique comme outil de dénombrement d'espèces difficiles d'accès : cas du Lagopède alpin (Lagopus muta)". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES044.
Texto completoPopulation censuses of male rock ptarmigans (Lagopus muta) are conducted by point count protocol in spring (late May - early June). Several observers are placed at given points within the area and spend an hour listening to singing males to try to deduce an estimate of their number. The counting conditions are diffcult and cast doubt on the good representativeness of this protocol.The first objective of this thesis was to quantify the counting biases. The thesis then focused on finding ways to develop new counting methods to compensate for the biases of traditional counting. The acoustic signals emitted by animals carry several levels of information, such as the identity of the transmitter. The second part of my thesis showed that bioacoustic techniques based on acoustic differences in vocalizations were suitable to ptarmigan and that it was possible to determine the number of males in an area using the sounds they produce. The third part of the thesis is a generalization of the method on longterm recordings under real field conditions. It was not only possible to obtain the number of males but also the time of presence of each male and to assess his reproductive status.In conclusion, I showed the interest of the bioacoustic tool to monitor ptarmigan’s populations. My thesis opens up perspectives for futur large scale temporal and spatial monitoring of ptarmigan’s populations
Lossent, Julie. "Acoustique passive et peuplements benthiques avec applications aux études d'impact EMR". Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0013/document.
Texto completoUnderstanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of benthic populations, both natural and induced by anthropogenic pressures, requires new observation methods with high temporal resolution and long periods of measurement. The recording and analysis of sounds produced in the marine environment give access to the soundscape, and in particular to one of its biological components, the benthic biophony. Observing the spatiotemporal variability of this benthic biophony, in order to contribute to the evaluation of the structure, functioning, state and evolution of the benthic compartment, is the main objective of the thesis. To do this we have developed two tools to evaluate the spatial variability of these emissions with one sensor or more. The first is a descriptor of the shape of the spectra of the benthic snaps allowing to better characterize the diversity of benthic biophony. The second is a method of three-dimensional localization of the benthic sound sources and mapping of this biophony for spatial scales ranging from 500 meters to 5 meters. Using these two tools, we have demonstrated the feasibility of benthos monitoring through its biophony at specific sites. In an applicative part, we were interested in sites of production of marine renewable energies and the understanding and observation of their impacts on the marine fauna. On a workshop site of geometry similar to that of an offshore wind farm, we defined, realized and analyzed a proof of concept for the observability of a binary impact: presence or absence of fixed benthic fauna in a sentinel area of a few square meters. The thesis work was concluded by a study measuring the sound level radiated by a tidal current turbine in the energy production phase (Paimpol-Bréhat) and then evaluating the acoustic impacts on three biological compartments: marine mammals, fish and invertebrates
Richard, Gaëtan. "Behavioural ecology of fishermen and odontocetes in a depredation context". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROS018/document.
Texto completoMany marine predator species feed on fish caught by fishers directly from the fishing gear. Known as depredation this interaction issue has substantial socio-economic consequences for fishermen and conservation implications for the wildlife. Costs for fishers include damages to the fishing gear and increased fishing effort to complete quotas. For marine predators, depredation increases risks of mortality (lethal retaliation from fishers or bycatch on the gear). Longline fisheries are the most impacted worldwide, primarily by odontocetes (toothed whales) depredation, urging the need for mitigation solutions to be developed. Most of studies assessing depredation have primarily relied on surface observation data, thus the way odontocetes interact with longlines underwater remains unclear. Besides, the way fishermen respond to depredation during fishing operations, or can influence their detectability to odontocetes, have been poorly investigated. This thesis therefore aimed at investigating these aspects through a passive acoustic monitoring, bio-logging and human ecology approaches, focusing on the French Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) longline fisheries impacted by killer whales (Orcinus orca) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Firstly, this thesis reveals that captains behave as optimal foragers but with different personal perception of competition and fishing fulfilment. Some captains would thus be more likely to stay within a patch or to haul closest longline even in presence of competition, suggesting these captains would show higher interaction rates. Additionally, the propagation of vessels’ acoustics varied depending on the type of manoeuvre (e.g. going backward vs. forward). The way captains use their vessels to navigate may therefore influence their detectability and so their depredation level. Secondly, loggers deployed on both the longlines (accelerometers) and odontocetes (GPS-TDR) revealed that killer whales and sperm whales are able to depredate on longlines while soaking on the seafloor. These observations suggest, therefore, that odontocetes can localise fishing activity before the hauling, which could be partially explained by specific acoustic signatures recorded during the setting process. Altogether, the results of the thesis suggest that depredation rates on demersal longlines are most likely underestimated. The thesis also brings some important insights for mitigation measures, suggesting that countermeasures should start from setting to hauling
Bolanos, Sittler Pablo Rafael. "Acoustic behavior and ecology of the Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno, a flagship tropical bird species". Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MNHN0001/document.
Texto completoThe Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno is a tropical bird considered in a high risk of danger. Degradation of its habitat caused by human activities is the principal menace. The Resplendent Quetzal is important as seed disperser and is the centre of the past and present Mayan culture. The available studies about the species have covered aspects of the natural history and biology. Nevertheless, the description of the acoustic behaviour and ecology, a prerequisite for the conservation of the species, was not available. The general aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate the acoustic behaviour and ecology of P. mocinno in the cloud forest of Guatemala. A detailed analysis of P. mocinno vocalizations, including propagation experiments of these vocalizations in its habitat, led to identify two vocalizations intended for long range, and two for short range communication. Quantification of acoustic parameters in territorial vocalizations of the two subspecies of the Resplendent Quetzal, P. m. mocinno (north part of Central America and Chiapas) and P. m. costaricensis (south part of Central America), revealed clear differences between the subspecies, that could support a species separation hypothesis. . The observation of the species in the dense canopy is difficult and manipulation of individuals is controversial due to its high cultural importance. Then, an automatic acoustic system was developed as a method to study the species in a non-invasive way. The system proved to be efficient and returned results that revealed acoustic patterns linked to environmental variables. Finally, the acoustic community of other bird species P. mocinno belongs to was analysed so that interspecific competition interactions could be assessed. The research here developed should help in future conservation decisions about the Resplendent Quetzal and its habitat, the cloud forest. This research also illustrates that ecoacoustics can be a valuable strategy to tackle ecology and conservation questions in tropical areas
Barbin, Laure. "Distribution du micronecton dans le Pacifique tropical ouest : caractérisation de la structuration des écosystèmes par méthodes acoustiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS139.
Texto completoPelagic ecosystems are key elements of the global oceans, hosting numerous exchanges between the euphotic surface and mesopelagic depths. This zone exhibits a high biodiversity and a complex trophic network, with micronekton as a central component. This compartment comprises organisms measuring between 2 and 20 cm and encompasses a wide variety of species, including fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and gelatinous organisms (such as jellyfish, pyrosomes, salps). Micronekton serves as the primary food source for top predators like tuna, marine mammals, and seabirds and is predominantly feeding on zooplankton, thus occupying a central position in the trophic network. Additionally, some micronekton species undertake a diel migration between surface and depths, known as the nycthemeral migration, occurring with each solar cycle: organisms residing in deep mesopelagic layers during the day (>300m) ascend to the surface at sunset and vice versa at dawn. This vertical migration, observed in all oceans, is one of the largest global migrations. Its substantial biomass on a global scale, central role in the trophic network, and migratory behavior contributing to oceanic biogeochemical fluxes make micronekton an indispensable element in the study of pelagic ecosystems. This thesis investigates micronekton in the tropical Pacific through three main axes: 1) observation methods and abundance estimation, 2) improvement through recent technologies, particularly broadband acoustic profilers, and 3) characterization of micronekton distribution at the Pacific scale by defining ecosystems linked to environmental variables. Axis 1) initially examines micronekton observation methods, their respective biases, and their complementary nature. By focusing on acoustic-trawl measurements in the southwest tropical Pacific, we compare micronekton abundance estimates obtained through trawling and acoustics to estimate the difference of abundance obtained by one and the other method at different depths. In axis 2), we explore the contribution of a broadband profiler to micronekton abundance and distribution studies, developing an echo-counting algorithm to estimate organism density by depth. The final axis 3) utilizes acoustic data collected during three WARMALIS campaigns in the western tropical Pacific to describe it at large scale. Five different ecosystems could be characterized. The spatio-temporal distribution of micronekton appears different in each of them, in relation with environmental variables (temperature, oxygen, salinity, currents, etc.). This division highlights the presence of the Warm Pool, the equatorial upwelling, and oligotrophic zones, each characterized by different vertical structuring and micronekton density. This thesis emphasizes the various biases of micronekton study methods and the utility of combining them to obtain more robust estimates. By then applying these methods to the tropical Pacific, it demonstrates the considerable variability of ecosystems on a Pacific scale. Including this spatial variability in global predictions of micronekton abundance and biomass is essential for refining estimates and understanding the link between the environment and biology. Finally, it reaffirms the need to consider micronekton for the sustainable preservation and management of oceanic ecosystems