Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Ecological transition movement"
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1
Shulz, Sebastien, Mathieu O’Neil, Sébastien Broca y Angela Daly. "Digital Commons For The Ecological Transition". tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 22, n.º 1 (26 de abril de 2024): 348–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v22i1.1456.
Resumen
The article seeks to understand how the digital commons movement addresses ecological issues, how its actors incorporate them into their ethics and praxis, and the challenges they face in scaling up to become a viable ecological alternative to digital capitalism. Building on three case studies, we show that the digital commons currently face three major limitations: reliance on unsustainable Big Tech products, inability or unwillingness to scale up, and negligible political support. Based on two Policy Labs we conducted with actors of the digital commons movement, we conclude by outlining proposals to overcome these limits by adopting E.O. Wright’s anti-capitalist strategies framework.
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Yang, Eun Mi. "Analyzing Shared Values between Transition Town Movement and Ecopedagogy in Brazil for establishing the concept of ecocitizenship". Korean Association of Area Studies 41, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2023): 87–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.29159/kjas.41.4.87.
Resumen
The accelerating ecological crisis affecting all human beings around the world has made existing social problems such as inequality, marginalization and violence more visible, and there is now a shared understanding that ecological and social crises are fundamentally one problem that requires a unified effort. This study aims to establish the foundation to systematize the characteristics of ecocitizenship of the 21st century by examining the Transition Town Movement in Brazil as an example of ecological transition and analyzing the values shared by ecopedagogy, which seeks a new educational paradigm, and the Transition Town Movement. The fundamental purpose of this study is to explore what philosophical and practical orientations ecocitizenship have and how it differs from existing approaches to addressing inequality. To this end, this article analyzed the Transition Network website, the global umbrella organization for the Transition Town movement, the Transition Brazil website, and further related literature. It then focused on identifying the goals and main characteristics of ecopedagogy, focusing on the Pedagogia da Terra of Moacir Gadotti, a pioneer of ecological pedagogy in Brazil. The results of the study revealed a set of shared values at the intersection of the Transition Town Movement and ecopedagogy. Meanwhile, while the Transition Movement in the U.K. was centered in middle-class neighborhoods, in Brazil it started in the favelas of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. And it was found that Transition Town Movement and ecopedagogy do not specifically target the poor, but presuppose their active participation as the same as other citizens, and consequently practice a more constructive approach to inequality.
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El Bilali, Hamid. "Innovation-Sustainability Nexus in Agriculture Transition: Case of Agroecology". Open Agriculture 4, n.º 1 (12 de febrero de 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0001.
Resumen
AbstractDifferent governments and international organizations have shown interest in agroecology as a promising pathway for transition to sustainable agriculture. However, the kinds of innovation needed for agro-ecological transition are subject to intense debate. The scale of this debate is itself an indicator of the complicated relation between innovation and sustainability in the agro-food arena and beyond. This review paper analyses the potential of agro-ecology in agricultural sustainability transitions. It also explores whether agro-ecological transition is a sustainable innovation (cf. ecological, green, open, social, responsible). Furthermore, the paper investigates the potential contribution of agro-ecological transition to sustainability, using the 3-D (Direction, Distribution and Diversity) model of the STEPS centre. Agroecology is one of the few approaches that can harmoniously combine innovation and sustainability in agriculture while promoting genuine transition to agro-food sustainability since it embraces all dimensions of sustainability (environmental, economic, social/cultural/ethical). Nevertheless, it can be taken for granted neither that all traditional practices can be classified as ‘agro-ecological’ nor that all farmer-led innovations can be included in the agro-ecological repertoire. Moreover, the relationship between the three aspirations of agroecology (science, movement and practice) needs further elaboration in order to maximise potential for agriculture transition.
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Foster, John Bellamy. "Marxism and Ecology: Common Fonts of a Great Transition". Monthly Review 67, n.º 7 (1 de diciembre de 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-067-07-2015-11_1.
Resumen
To link Marxism and ecological transition may seem at first like trying to bridge two entirely different movements and discourses, each with its own history and logic: one having mainly to do with class relations, the other with the relation between humans and the environment. However, historically socialism has influenced the development of ecological thought and practice, while ecology has informed socialist thought and practice. Since the nineteenth century, the relationship between the two has been complex, interdependent, and dialectical.… This essay unearths the deep ecological roots of Marx's thought, showing how he brought an environmental perspective to bear on the overarching question of social transformation. From there it traces the evolution of Marxian ecology, illuminating its profound, formative link to modern ecological economics and systems ecology. It concludes with the wider project of building the broad and deep social movement required to halt and reverse ecological and social destruction.<p class="mrlink"><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-67-number-7" title="Vol. 67, No. 7: December 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>
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Patrick, Rebecca, Mark Dooris y Blake Poland. "Healthy Cities and the Transition movement: converging towards ecological well-being?" Global Health Promotion 23, n.º 1_suppl (marzo de 2016): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975915595341.
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Summers, Sarah E. "“Thinking Green!” (and Feminist): Female Activism and the Greens from Wyhl to Bonn". German Politics and Society 33, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2015): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2015.330404.
Resumen
This article explores the connections between West German autonomous women's movement and the green movement from inception of the green movement in the 1970s until its institutionalization with the Green Party in the 1980s. I argue that understanding the role of feminism in the movement and vice versa requires scholars to rethink the autonomous strategies of the New Women's Movement. In doing so, I contend that autonomous feminists understood the wider implications of the green movement beyond ecological preservation, thus aiding in the transition to political party. Entangling the two movements also highlights the limits of gender equality in the Green Party as it implemented the quota system in the 1980s, and offers lessons for the potential future success of gender parity in German politics.
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Sides, Madeline. "Designing Transitions, Restoring Habitat: Theories of Change from the Ecosystem Restoration Community Movement". Temes de Disseny, n.º 39 (27 de julio de 2023): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46467/tdd39.2023.52-71.
Resumen
The practice of ecological restoration spans a wide range of human interventions in socio-ecological systems. These interventions include activities ranging from plant propagation to river rerouting, and are done with the intention of bringing about desirable futures in response to ecosystem degradation. Through restoration, post-industrial sites have been transformed into thriving oases, and forests decimated by severe fire have been revegetated. This ever-expanding global body of work offers concrete, longstanding examples of people working together to design for transitions and create restored human habitats. In this paper, I frame this widespread movement of multiple epistemic cultures and their restorative projects as examples of designing for transitions. This paper concentrates on one specific subculture within restoration: the international Ecosystem Restoration Communities movement, which is a network of more than fifty restoration communities across thirty different countries working at the grassroots level to restore degraded land.
I analyse the case of the Ecosystem Restoration Communities movement using the lens of “theories of change” from the Transition Design framework, bringing the two fields into conversation. Transition Design scholarship argues for greater consideration of the theories of change that drive designing. As such, those who design for transitions need concrete examples of how a theory of change may be translated into a design strategy and designed artifacts as part of a change-making process. To this end, I present four themes of change theories present in the Ecosystem Restoration Communities network. I discuss how they are translated into restoration approaches and subsequently into designed artifacts through individual Ecosystem Restoration Communities. I present this case to strengthen the connection between designing for transitions and restoration, as well as to illustrate how theories of change can guide the work of designing transformative change.
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Bay, Uschi. "Biopolitics, complex systems theory and ecological social work: Conceptualising ways of transitioning to low carbon futures". Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 28, n.º 4 (23 de diciembre de 2016): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol28iss4id290.
Resumen
INTRODUCTION: Social work is engaged with understanding and acting into change processes within society at various levels. How new social and environmental movements are conceptually framed can be usefully explored to enable new ways of understanding their role in change processes, particularly in addressing the most significant problem of our times, climate change and excessive non-renewable energy use.METHODS: Complex systems theory and deep ecology are two of the theoretical conceptualisations that inform the Transition Town movement transnationally. Social workers share these two theoretical frameworks with the Transition Town movement as ways of thinking about effecting change processes. A brief introduction to a biopolitical lens, based on Lemke’s reading of Michel Foucault is added to offer another way to conceptualise the movement’s naturalistic logic.CONCLUSION: A biopolitical lens seeks to make visible the precarious and contingent difference between nature and culture as well as politics and life. Biopolitical analytics aims to focus social workers on investigating the network of power relations, knowledge practices and modes of subjectification evident in change processes. The intersection of life and politics has transformed modern society and biopolitics aims to bring this into focus to understand what we are doing to ourselves.
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Sage, Colin. "The transition movement and food sovereignty: From local resilience to global engagement in food system transformation". Journal of Consumer Culture 14, n.º 2 (3 de abril de 2014): 254–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540514526281.
Resumen
The emergence of grassroots social movements variously preoccupied with a range of external threats, such as diminishing supplies of fossil energy or climate change, has led to increased interest in the production of local food. Drawing upon the notion of cognitive praxis, this article utilises transition as a trajectory guided by an overarching cosmology that brings together a broad social movement seeking a more resilient future. This ‘grand narrative’ is reinforced by ‘transition movement intellectuals’ who serve to shape an agenda of local preparedness in the face of uncertainty, rather than structural analysis of the global system. In this context, growing and producing food offers important multi-functional synergies by reconnecting people to place and its ecological endowments and serves to provide a vital element in civic mobilisation. Yet, local food could also become a means to build international solidarity in defence of food sovereignty and establish a global coalition opposed to the corporate agri-food agenda of biotechnologies, land grabbing and nutritional impoverishment.
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Le Méhauté, Frédéric-Marie. "The Ecological Transition from the Perspective of the Poor". Religions 14, n.º 12 (14 de diciembre de 2023): 1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14121540.
Resumen
In the last few years, a theological trend has developed in France that is committed to listening to the words of people in precarious situations. In the tradition of Father Joseph Wresinski, founder of ATD Fourth World, this theological movement seeks to hear the joys, the struggles, the hopes, the dreams, and the faith of those who live on the margins of the world. They are the first to be affected by social and environmental injustices. They are the first to fight poverty. They are the first to invent a sustainable way of life. Listening to and taking seriously the experiences and words of the very poor opens up new perspectives for theology, especially in the ecological field. Indeed, the link between the cry of the earth and the cry of the poor has become commonplace. According to the World Bank, it is even “evidence”. Certainly “everything is linked”, as Pope Francis writes in Laudato Si’, but the characterization of this link must be deepened. It is not simply a matter of juxtaposing these two cries, but of perceiving that it is only from the most excluded that fair, effective, and sustainable solutions can be proposed. Bringing their words and thoughts into our modern agoras is an essential anthropological, political, and theological challenge for ecological conversion.
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Gross, Stephen G. "Energy, Ecology, and the Remaking of West German Politics in the 1970s and 1980s". German Politics and Society 41, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2023): 62–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2023.410404.
Resumen
Abstract This article traces the transformation of West Germany's political system during the 1970s and 1980s, when an extra-parliamentary ecological opposition emerged to challenge the governing Social Democratic Party (SPD). Demographic, economic, and structural features in West Germany's political system created the space for this opposition, eventually leading to the formation of the Green Party. This article argues that ideas about energy were crucial to the movement's success, providing a focal point for reform that aimed to spur an energy transition. This movement of experts and activists pulled West Germany's political system in an ecological direction, forcing the SPD to become green itself. The transformation of West Germany's political system, in turn, set the Federal Republic on a different energy trajectory than the United States, Great Britain, and France.
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Lopes, Catia, Annibal Scavarda, Guilherme Vaccaro, Christopher Pohlmann y André Korzenowski. "Perspective of Business Models and Innovation for Sustainability Transition in Hospitals". Sustainability 11, n.º 1 (20 de diciembre de 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010005.
Resumen
Hospitals have valuable resources but are have facedsignificant changes over recentdecades. The adoption of principles that drive the strategic development of business models as innovation is imperative in these institutions. This research study aims to articulate a conceptual review of business models, innovation, and sustainability transition in the context of health business. It proposes a model for future applications in hospitals. This proposed model emphasizes the relations that arise under the multiple-level perspective. It also addresses the evolution of the concepts of business models and innovation that might contribute to the sustainability transition movement once new sociotechnical systems get space in these organizations. The main results of this conceptual review are the multiple depictions of internal and external elements that mutually interact to describe the dynamics of transitions. In the landscape level, elements such as ecological modernization and corporate social responsibility interact with elements of the regime level—legal, technological, and efficiency aspects—and with the niche’s aspects, represented by transitions from low to high quality and efficiency in services. This proposed model is justified by the lack of studies that address the sustainability transition models in hospitals and by its potential of adaption to particular contexts.
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Mironova, Marina N., Alexandra O. Nevedomskaya, Victoria V. Sotnikova y Alena R. Massarova. "Ecological situation in European cities in 2013-2023: transition to green economy". RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 31, n.º 4 (15 de diciembre de 2023): 494–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2023-31-4-494-509.
Resumen
The study is devoted to the study of the relationship between the structure of the economy and the level of pollution of European cities in the context of the environmental imperative. Based on comparative statistical analysis, the level of pollution in European cities in 2013 and 2023 was considered and cities with the most and least favorable environmental situation were defined. Studied cities were divided into 7 groups by pollution index; stable trend of their location was determined through carrying out a cartographic analysis: groups of the most polluted cities are located mainly in the southeast of Europe and the least - in the northwest. Five types of cities with different trends in pollution index dynamics were identified. Based on a comprehensive synthetic analysis of cities with maximum improvement and deterioration of the environmental situation, the main factors of multidirectional dynamics are described - activity of environmental policy, sectoral structure transformation of urban economy. Main spatial trends in the environmental situation of European cities were identified: cities with positive dynamics of pollution index predominantly concentrated in the southeast, with a negative - in the east. The analysis showed that 2/3 of the largest cities in Europe improved their ecological condition mainly due to the effectiveness of environmental measures, the green political movement, the development of the tertiary and quaternary sectors in their economy.
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Conz, Brian W. "Permaculture demonstration sites in Central America: contributions to agroecological transition and implications for educators". Revista Geográfica de América Central 3, n.º 61E (23 de noviembre de 2018): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rgac.61-3.6.
Resumen
Central America has been an important region for the agroecological revolution, building on a history of intensive smallholder farming practices, farmer-to-farmer knowledge sharing and agrarian social movements. Permaculture is an approach to ecological site design and agroecological transition, which has grown in popularity in Central America in recent years. Permaculture’s entrance into the larger movement for agroecology in Central America raises some important questions. How does permaculture intersect with these existing forces? How can permaculturalists address perceptions that it is yet another colonialist development intervention by well-meaning Northerners? What are the implications for educators who visit permaculture demonstration sites with students? In order to explore these questions and to contribute to discussions regarding permaculture’s contribution to agroecological transition in Central America I visited two permaculture demonstration sites and participated in site tours. I discussed site features with farmers and gathered information from farm websites. I bring these experiences into conversation with the academic literature on agroecology and permaculture. I conclude that permaculture sites make valuable contributions to agroecological transition in Central America. I also identify important risks that sustainability educators using permaculture demonstrations sites should be aware of and I offer suggestions for addressing these risks.
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Giuggioli, L., J. R. Potts y S. Harris. "Predicting oscillatory dynamics in the movement of territorial animals". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, n.º 72 (18 de enero de 2012): 1529–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0797.
Resumen
Understanding ecological processes relies upon the knowledge of the dynamics of each individual component. In the context of animal population ecology, the way animals move and interact is of fundamental importance in explaining a variety of observed patterns. Here, we present a theoretical investigation on the movement dynamics of interacting scent-marking animals. We study how the movement statistics of territorial animals is responsible for the appearance of damped oscillations in the mean square displacement (MSD) of the animals. This non-monotonicity is shown to depend on one dimensionless parameter, given by the ratio of the correlation distance between successive steps to the size of the territory. As that parameter increases, the time dependence of the animal's MSD displays a transition from monotonic, characteristic of Brownian walks, to non-monotonic, characteristic of highly correlated walks. The results presented here represent a novel way of determining the degree of persistence in animal movement processes within confined regions.
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Jacobsen, Stefan Gaarsmand. "Resilient retfærdighed?" Slagmark - Tidsskrift for idéhistorie, n.º 73 (15 de agosto de 2018): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sl.v0i73.107234.
Resumen
This article uses the idea of resilience as a point of departure for analysing some contemporary challenges to the climate justice movement posed by social-ecological sciences. Climate justice activists are increasingly rallying for a system-change, demanding fundamental changes to political bureaucracy and the economy, which would put ecology, biodiversity and climate change first for all future political decisions. Since the concept of resilience has taken up a central role in recent developments in ecological sciences, it has also become part of the activist debate. The article’s main argument is that the scientific framework behind resilience is not politically neutral and that this framework tends to weaken the activist’s demands for a just transition and place more emphasis on technical and bureaucratic processes.
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NGUYEN, TUYEN VAN, YUEDAN LIU, IL-HYO JUNG, TAE-SOO CHON y SANG-HEE LEE. "UNRAVELING MARKOV PROCESSES IN MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF INDICATOR SPECIES IN RESPONSE TO CHEMICAL STRESSORS". Modern Physics Letters B 25, n.º 12n13 (30 de mayo de 2011): 1143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984911026851.
Resumen
Revealing biological responses of organisms in responding to environmental stressors is the critical issue in contemporary ecological sciences. Markov processes in behavioral data were unraveled by utilizing the hidden Markov model (HMM). Individual organisms of daphnia (Daphnia magna) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to diazinon at low concentrations. The transition probability matrix (TPM) and the emission probability matrix (EPM) were accordingly estimated by training with the HMM and were verified before and after the treatments with 10-6 tolerance in 103 iterations. Structured property in behavioral changes was accordingly revealed to characterize dynamic processes in movement patterns. Parameters and sequences produced through the HMM training could be a suitable means of monitoring toxic chemicals in environment.
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Kim, Hyojeong. "The Ecological Transition of Women Peasants’ Movement and the Changing Multispecies Relationship in the Age of Climate Crisis". Journal of Korean Women's Studies 39, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2023): 141–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30719/jkws.2023.06.39.2.141.
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Zhang, Yunzhi, Tongyan Zheng, Chen Yu, Jing Ren, Xuegang Gong, Hao Wang y Yihao Duan. "Multi-Perspective Analysis of Land Changes in the Transitional Zone between the Mu Us Desert and the Loess Plateau in China from 2000 to 2020". Land 12, n.º 5 (21 de mayo de 2023): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12051103.
Resumen
The transition zone between the Mu Us Sandy Land and the Loess Plateau is considered an ecologically fragile area. However, significant changes in land use have occurred in the past few decades due to changes in land policies and the implementation of major national ecological projects. Despite this, there is still a lack of clear investigation into the impact of these changes on the landscape structure and ecological health of the area. This study utilizes high-resolution annual land use data from China, along with multi-index models and algorithms, to comprehensively analyze regional land use changes, landscape patterns, and the ecological environment’s quality. Through a comprehensive analysis of various factors, including changes in quantity, transformation in land types, spatial dynamics, landscape structure, and ecological quality, we aim to provide a better understanding of the complex interactions between land use and ecological systems in this area. The research results indicate that: (1) Since 2000, 9057.4 km2 of land in the study area has undergone changes. The grassland area has the largest increase, the forest area has the fastest growth rate, while cropland and barren land have decreased to varying degrees, and impervious surface has slightly expanded. (2) The movement trajectory of the center of gravity for different land types is closely related to human activities such as land development and utilization, as well as ecological restoration. Land changes have resulted in an escalation of landscape fragmentation, a reduction in landscape diversity, and a decline in the uniform distribution of different types. (3) Ecological land is the key to improving the ecological environment. The increase in ecological land area in the study area has led to an improvement in the quality of the ecological environment. The net contribution rate of land change to ecological improvement reaches 1.99%. The analysis methods and perspectives used in this study can be applied to other similar studies. The study’s findings enhance the understanding of how land and vegetation changes affect the ecological environment in this crucial area. They are of great significance in guiding the development and utilization of land resources and the implementation of ecological environment projects.
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Pysmenna, U. Yе y G. S. Trypolska. "Maintaining the Sustainable Energy Systems: Turning from Cost to Value". ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 63, n.º 1 (7 de febrero de 2020): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2020-63-1-14-29.
Resumen
The economies of the world are influenced by the rapidly changing global energy policy agenda. Understanding energy trends implications in the long-term perspective is crucial for responsible and informed sustainability-policy making, with respect to transformations required to enhance the security of energy supply, resource efficiency and affordability, as well to as transformations required to minimize energy poverty and mitigate ecological footprint. Nowadays the price (value) competitiveness of technologies and products as their ability to respond to sustainability demands is becoming the appreciable criterion in choosing the pathways of technological growth or economic strategies designing. The transition to energy sustainability is the so-called quiet energy [r]evolution, or the transition towards 100 % renewable energy supply. Using the sociotechnical transition, vulnerability and sustainable development theories for the assessment of the energy safety level, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of cultural, institutional and innovation prerequisites of sustainable energy transitions. Basing on historical examples, it argues that, despite the cultural dimensions, energy resources and energy mix disparity, geographic location and income per capita, the value instead of cost philosophy in choosing energy pathways maintains the sustainable energy transitions. The key findings are the defined prerequisites of energy transitions sustainability; among them there are cultural dimensions, innovations and the speeds of movement along learning curves when adopting new energy technologies as well as energy policy patterns, applied in a country: value versus cost-driven. The Value vs Cost Energy Policy matrix has been developed in order to determine if a country is sufficiently value-driven in its energy policy.
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Suez, Luciana Sol, Luciano Locati, Victor Hugo Vaccarello, Luciana Fontanini, Javier Quinteros y Liliana Pietrarelli. "Application of the Lume Method to an Agroecological Horticultural System in Córdoba, Argentina". RIVAR 11, n.º 31 (5 de diciembre de 2023): 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.35588/rivar.v10i31.6134.
Resumen
The Cordoba Green Belt, in Argentina, is a local food supply region that is reducing its surface area. Agroecology is established as a paradigm for the transformation of these agroecosystems, encompassing ecological, productive, social, cultural, and economic aspects. The Method of Economic-Ecological Analysis of Agroecosystems constitutes a proposal to evaluate the multiple aspects that intervene in decision-making in diversified family systems. In Córdoba, there are few studies that include the systematization of local information on horticultural production systems, which reflect diversity, productivity, and socio-economic impact in the agroecological transition process. The objective of the work was to evaluate the agroecological production unit of the Movement of Urban Farmers of Córdoba, from the Lume method. From the analysis of information, results were obtained that allowed sizing the production destined for self-consumption and the own production of inputs, and the great contribution of reciprocal relations. This allows valuing the non-monetary elements that give autonomy, identifying the limitations due to the high systemic costs of renting land and other services, and visualizing the gradual and sustained application of the principles of agroecology in a transition process.
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Ribbons, Aeve. "Learning from Barcelona’s grassroots housing struggles: Towards a transformational Degrowth agenda". Radical Housing Journal 5, n.º 1 (21 de julio de 2023): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54825/qzjv6190.
Resumen
This article contributes to the nascent literature on housing for Degrowth. It recognises that housing plays a pivotal role in the creation and perpetuation of socio-ecological injustices, and therefore must be a core strategic element of a transition towards a Degrowth society. I argue for a deeper integration of bottom-up, scalable strategies and class politics in Degrowth housing proposals in order to create the widespread and emancipatory social transformation called for by the Degrowth agenda. The militant research for this paper was rooted in a case study of the Sindicat d’Habitatge de Vallcarca (Vallcarca Housing Union; SHV), which is part of Barcelona’s multifaceted grassroots movement for housing justice. The analysis first explores the synergies between Degrowth and the SHV using a Degrowth framework, and then looks beyond this framework, asking what both movements can learn from each other’s theoretical and strategic approaches. It highlights the SHV’s grassroots, class-based politics of solidarity and social inclusivity, and explores how the SHV could benefit from engaging with the ecological and intersectional politics of Degrowth. The article raises the importance of building connections between post-growth theories and radical housing struggles on a broader scale, in order to tackle top-down and growth-based ‘sustainable housing’ initiatives and create genuinely transformational and emancipatory housing alternatives.
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Zaremba, Haley, Marlène Elias, Anne Rietveld y Nadia Bergamini. "Toward a Feminist Agroecology". Sustainability 13, n.º 20 (12 de octubre de 2021): 11244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011244.
Resumen
Agroecology is gaining ground as a movement, science, and set of practices designed to advance a food systems transformation which subverts the patterns of farmer exploitation currently entrenched in dominant agricultural models. In order for agroecology to achieve its espoused twin aims of social and ecological wellbeing, women and other historically marginalized stakeholders must be empowered and centered as the movement’s protagonists. The importance of gender and social considerations is not limited to patently social aspects of the agroecological agenda, but bears relevance in every dimension of agroecology. Yet, issues related to gender have commanded relatively little attention in the agroeocological literature. In this paper, we review HLPE’s 13 defining principles of agroecology through a feminist lens to demonstrate the ways in which human dimensions and power dynamics are interwoven in every principle. Through this analysis, we demonstrate that a feminist approach is instrumental to establish a socially just and ecologically sustainable agroecological transition.
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Kim, Hyun-jin, Chul-Kyoo Kim, Hae-Jin Lee y Hae-Kyung Chung. "FEMALE PEASANTS AND THE ALTERNATIVE AGRI-FOOD MOVEMENT IN SOUTH KOREA: AGROECOLOGY AND THE KOREAN WOMEN PEASANT ASSOCIATION MOVEMENT". Journal of Asian Rural Studies 3, n.º 2 (11 de julio de 2019): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jars.v3i2.1906.
Resumen
This paper examines the current state and socio-ecological implications of the alternative agri-food movement organized by the Korean Women Peasant Association (KWPA) in South Korea. In the process of rapid industrial development, South Korean farm sector has suffered from serious environmental problems, depopulation, and poverty. Food production itself has become mostly industrialized using abundant amount of chemical input. This, along with mass consumption system relying on large supermarkets, has led to an unsustainable food system. In this situation, there has been a rise of alternative agri-food movement by the KWPA. We have focused on the influence of agroecology in the KWPA’s activities, which might bring about a more sustainable food system. Under the dominant paradigm of agro-industrialism, farm production inevitably depends on outside resources. This de-contextualizes and disconnects farming from local ecosystems and social relations. Agroecology has emerged in recent years as an alternative paradigm, which can reconnect farming, nature, and society. We have analyzed the KWPA’s programs, such as the indigenous seed preservation movement (ISPM) and Sisters’ Garden Plot (SGP). We have found that agroecology plays an important role in the KWPA’s programs, which involve sharing indigenous farm knowledge; preserving and finding indigenous seeds; and providing seasonal, local, and organic food to the public. These activities have also led to the empowerment of female peasants. These as a whole could be important social resource for a transition to a more sustainable food system.
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Hedemann. "Ecological Citizens with a Movie Camera: Communitarian and Agonistic Environmental Documentaries". Social Sciences 8, n.º 11 (8 de noviembre de 2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8110307.
Resumen
Environmental documentaries attained wider public and academic attention, especially in the aftermath of Al Gore’s prominent documentary on climate change An Inconvenient Truth. Making environmental documentaries is a cinematic form of political advocacy. However, there is a lack of research on the broad range of such films from Germany. While earlier works tended to an accusatory style, newer environmental documentary seems to be more constructive and aiming at spreading information about feasible alternatives. This article pursues three objectives: first, to gain a deeper understanding of the shift from accusatory to constructive documentaries; second, to connect film studies to the political change-making role and therefore to theories of ecological citizenship; and third, to explore the question of what citizenship with a movie camera means. The accusatory and constructive style are associated with agonistic and communitarian ecological citizenship. A sample of two films from the German context, namely Leben ausser Kontrolle produced by Bertram Verhaag in 2004 and Voices of Transition produced by Nils Aguilar in 2012, is analyzed comparatively. The interpretive research method combines methods of studying audio-visual rhetoric with the framing approach from social movement studies.
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Dunlap, Alexander. "Bureaucratic land grabbing for infrastructural colonization: renewable energy, L’Amassada, and resistance in southern France". Human Geography 13, n.º 2 (16 de abril de 2020): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942778620918041.
Resumen
Governments and corporations exclaim that “energy transition” to “renewable energy” is going to mitigate ecological catastrophe. French President Emmanuel Macron makes such declarations, but what is the reality of energy infrastructure development? Examining the development of a distributional energy transformer substation in the village of Saint-Victor-et-Melvieu, this article argues that “green” infrastructures are creating conflict and ecological degradation and are the material expression of climate catastrophe. Since 1999, the Aveyron region of southern France has become a desirable area of the so-called renewable energy development, triggering a proliferation of energy infrastructure, including a new transformer substation in St. Victor. Corresponding with this spread of “green” infrastructure has been a 10-year resistance campaign against the transformer. In December 2014, the campaign extended to building a protest site, and ZAD, in the place of the transformer called L’Amassada. Drawing on critical agrarian studies, political ecology, and human geography literatures, the article discusses the arrival process of the transformer, corrupt political behavior, misinformation, and the process of bureaucratic land grabbing. This also documents repression against L’Amassada and their relationship with the Gilets Jaunes “societies in movement.” Finally, the notion of infrastructural colonization is elaborated, demonstrating its relevance to understanding the onslaught of climate and ecological crisis.
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Карпова, Н. В. "BASIC METHODS OF ECONOMIC STIMULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES AT THE CITY LEVEL". Vestnik of Rostov state University (RINH), n.º 1(77) (6 de julio de 2022): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54220/v.rsue.1991-0533.2022.54.44.004.
Resumen
В статье рассмотрены вопросы формирования механизмов стимулирования природоохранных мероприятий, реализуемых в городских условиях, отмечены недостатки, присущие данному процессу, предложены направления его совершенствования. Обозначено важнейшее значение муниципальных целевых программ в процессе обеспечения финансирования природоохранной деятельности на городском уровне. Рассмотрена роль «менеджмента перехода», регулирующего эколого-экономические процессы на городской территории, в процессе формирования базиса для движения территории по пути устойчивого развития. Article deals with formation of mechanisms to stimulate environmental protection activities implemented in urban conditions, marked shortcomings inherent in this process, and suggested ways to improve it. The major value of municipal target programs in process of providing financing of nature protection activity at a municipal level is designated. Role of transition management, regulating ecological and economic processes in the city territory, in the process of forming the basis for movement of the territory towards sustainable development has been considered.
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Yang, Chih-Hsiang, Jennifer Zink, Britni R. Belcher, Martina Kanning y Genevieve F. Dunton. "Age-varying Bi-directional Associations Between Momentary Affect and Movement Behaviors in Children: Evidence From a Multi-wave Ecological Momentary Assessment Study". Annals of Behavioral Medicine 55, n.º 9 (1 de febrero de 2021): 918–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaaa124.
Resumen
Abstract Background The bi-directional associations between affective states and movement behaviors (e.g., physical activity, sedentary behavior) have been observed in children. It is unclear if the strength of these bi-directional associations varies with age as children transition from childhood to adolescence. Purpose This multi-wave ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study investigates the acute time-varying associations between affect and movement behaviors among youth. Methods Children (N = 195, baseline mean age = 10.72, range = 8–12 years, mean BMI-z = 0.49, 51% female) participated in a six-wave EMA study across three years. Each EMA survey captured momentary positive and negative affect. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time in the 15-min window before and after each EMA survey was calculated using accelerometry data. Time-varying effect models (TVEM) examined the acute bi-directional associations between momentary positive/negative affect and MVPA/sedentary time across ages 8 to 14. Results Children provided 14,246 valid activity-matched EMA surveys across all waves. TVEM plots revealed that the directionality and the strength (time-varying slopes) of associations between momentary affect and activity levels vary across ages. Positive affect was associated with higher MVPA levels and lower sedentary time at younger ages, whereas negative affect linked to lower MVPA levels and more sedentary time at older ages. Conclusions The acute associations between momentary affect and (in)activity levels may vary as a function of children's age. Applying TVEM to intensive longitudinal data could provide valuable information for developing age-tailored interventions that promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents.
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Deich, Мaryna. "Environmental Management: Public Participation". Herald of the Economic Sciences of Ukraine, n.º 1(40) (2021): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/1729-720.2021.1(40).87-90.
Resumen
The article on the example of Donetsk region shows that the ecological condition does not improve, but, on the contrary, worsens every year. Environmental management is recognized worldwide as a possible way to escape from the environmental crisis, therefore scientists pay sufficient attention to the opportunities and problems of environmental management. Practical experience gained in the last 5-10 years indicates some problems in the implementation of environmental management in Ukrainian enterprises. It is proved that not only the management of enterprises should change their awareness; all members of local communities should do it. Currently, the environmental movement is developing, which is characterized by the transition from traditional forms of environmental events to environmental initiatives. The role and tasks of public ecological institutions in solving social and ecological problems are shown, their main types are determined. An example of a modern version of the community of the past in the English city of Leeds Lilac Grove is given. The name of the community Lilac is an acronym for society that allows for minimal damage to the environment. The conditions for effective public participation in making important decisions are determined. The expediency of developing economic and financial mechanisms of rational environmental resources management is proved. For Donetsk region, where the majority of the population lives in industrial cities with extremely unfavorable environmental conditions, an important aspect of management should be the mechanism for realizing the rights of citizens to compensation for harm to health. The article proposes events for the implementation of this mechanism.
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Gellert, Paul K. y Paul S. Ciccantell. "Coal's Persistence in the Capitalist World-Economy". Sociology of Development 6, n.º 2 (2020): 194–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2020.6.2.194.
Resumen
Predominant analyses of energy offer insufficient theoretical and political-economic insight into the persistence of coal and other fossil fuels. The dominant narrative of coal powering the Industrial Revolution, and Great Britain's world dominance in the nineteenth century giving way to a U.S.- and oil-dominated twentieth century, is marred by teleological assumptions. The key assumption that a complete energy “transition” will occur leads some to conceive of a renewable-energy-dominated twenty-first century led by China. After critiquing the teleological assumptions of modernization, ecological modernization, energetics, and even world-systems analysis of energy “transition,” this paper offers a world-systems perspective on the “raw” materialism of coal. Examining the material characteristics of coal and the unequal structure of the world-economy, the paper uses long-term data from governmental and private sources to reveal the lack of transition as new sources of energy are added. The increases in coal consumption in China and India as they have ascended in the capitalist world-economy have more than offset the leveling-off and decline in some core nations. A true global peak and decline (let alone full substitution) in energy generally and coal specifically has never happened. The future need not repeat the past, but technical, policy, and movement approaches will not get far without addressing the structural imperatives of capitalist growth and the uneven power structures and processes of long-term change of the world-system.
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Korobka, Rostyslav V. "Investing the Oil and Gas Production in TNCs: Trends, Ecological and Economic Problems and Priorities". PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 4, n.º 58 (2023): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2023-4-234-240.
Resumen
It is substantiated that the intensification of the global environment protection movement in recent decades, the key component of which is the development of tools for transferring national economies to a model of low-carbon development, has had a decisive impact on the dynamics of investment in projects for the development of natural resource potential, primarily hydrocarbons. It has been found that the reduction of dependence of individual countries of the world on oil and natural gas directly depends on the diversification of energy sources to meet the needs of socioeconomic development through the development of the industry for the production of energy from renewable sources. It is proved that the decrease in the volume of production of hydrocarbons and energy carriers produced on its basis is an important factor in the transition of national economies to the model of low-carbon development, in particular, reducing the negative impact on climate processes. It is found that in the sector of «hydrocarbon» TNCs (BP, Shell and Chevron) during 2011–2022 there was a generally downward trend in the dynamics of investments in oil and natural gas production, which has led to significant conjunctural fluctuations in the global markets of hydrocarbons and to structural shifts in the energy balance of many countries of the world. It has been found that BP, Shell and Chevron, along with investing in oil and gas production, finance projects related to the production of energy from alternative sources, which has led to a reduction in capital injections into fossil fuel production and diversified the investment portfolio of these companies, minimizing the risks of reducing their capitalization in the context of diversification of the range of energy carriers in the global and national energy markets. It is proved that the decrease in the volume of investment in oil and gas production in the sector of «hydrocarbon» TNCs (BP, Shell and Chevron) has led to a reformatting of the global energy landscape and created additional prerequisites for increasing the amount of funding for alternative energy projects and solving a set of ecological and economic problems associated with the transition to a low-carbon development model.
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Zabaniotou, Anastasia, Christine Syrgiannis, Daniela Gasperin, Arnoldo José de Hoyos Guevera, Ivani Fazenda y Donald Huisingh. "From Multidisciplinarity to Transdisciplinarity and from Local to Global Foci: Integrative Approaches to Systemic Resilience Based upon the Value of Life in the Context of Environmental and Gender Vulnerabilities with a Special Focus upon the Brazilian Amazon Biome". Sustainability 12, n.º 20 (13 de octubre de 2020): 8407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208407.
Resumen
Economic and environmental interventions in the Anthropocene have created disruptions that are threatening the capacity of socio-ecological systems to recover from adversities and to be able to maintain key functions for preserving resilience. The authors of this paper underscore the benefits of a workshop-based methodology for developing a vision and an approach to the inner processes of creation that can be used to increase resilience, to cope with societal vulnerabilities and to develop the tools for future planning at local, regional and global scales. Diverse areas of discourse ranging from climate science and sustainability, to psychoanalysis, linguistics and eco-philosophy, contributed meaningfully to the transdisciplinary approach for enhancing resilience. A framework is proposed that can be used throughout society, that integrates the importance of human subjectivity and the variability of human contexts, especially gender, in shaping human experiences and responses to climate change impacts and challenges such as the covid-19 pandemic. Within the domain of socio-economic research, the authors challenge researchers and policy makers to expand future perspectives of resilience through the proposed systemic resilience vision. Movement towards transformative thinking and actions requires inner exploration and visualization of desirable futures for integrating ecological, social, cultural, ethical, and economic dimensions as agencies for catalyzing the transition to livable, sustainable, equitable, ethical, and resilient societies.
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Drucker, E. y J. Jensen. "Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of steady pectoral fin swimming in the surfperches". Journal of Experimental Biology 200, n.º 12 (1 de enero de 1997): 1709–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.12.1709.
Resumen
The musculoskeletal mechanism of pectoral fin propulsion was investigated in representatives of the two subfamilies of the Embiotocidae (surfperches). Kinematic and electromyographic records of steady swimming by the open-water cruiser Amphistichus rhodoterus and the benthic maneuverer Embiotoca lateralis were compared at 80 % of the species' respective pectoral­caudal gait transition speeds. Synchronized records of fin movement and the intensity of pectoral muscle activity allowed previous hypotheses of muscle function, based on anatomical lines of action, to be tested. Divisions of the pectoral musculature inserting on the central and trailing- edge fin rays serve simple functions of abduction and adduction. Muscles controlling the fin's leading edge, by contrast, play more complex roles during the fin stroke, including deceleration of the fin at the downstroke­upstroke transition and rotation of the adducted fin during the non-propulsive period between fin beats. In spite of their phylogenetic and ecological divergence, the surfperches exhibit a number of mechanistic similarities which probably characterize the family. The timings of kinematic events and the maximal excursions of the fin tip, as well as the temporal order of muscle activation and the time to peak activity, are largely conserved. The predominant dorsoventral component of fin movement during the stride is consistent with a lift-based mechanism of propulsion. E. lateralis exhibits a greater anteroposterior range of motion and a more continuous period of fine motor control of the fin than A. rhodoterus, differences which may correspond to the species' respective capacities for maneuvering. Mechanistic variation in the family is associated with rather minor structural differences (in fin shape and fin base orientation). Owing to the similar functional demands placed on the pectoral fins of many fishes, it is probable that the mechanistic details of embiotociform swimming are widely distributed within the Perciformes.
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PLAKHOTNIKOVA, L. y Т. BULAKH. "Ecological Marketing: A Component in the System of the Social Responsibility of Business". Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, n.º 4 (20 de febrero de 2020): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/nasoa.4.2019.10.
Resumen
The article’s objective is to investigate using of environmental marketing in marketing strategies at company level through creating the concept of social responsibility of business, which has the social character and global implications, because the problems related with breaking environmental balance by production activities in a region or country have anthropogenic consequences for the whole world.
Environmental technologies have been widely used in marketing strategies of companies, with large numbers of well known companies and corporations taking advantage of environmental or “green” marketing. But in Ukraine this trend is still at the early phase due to difficult social, economic and political conditions. Data is provided about the number of polluting companies on the Ukrainian territory, giving evidence of bad climate for investors that otherwise might invest in resource saving and environmentally friendly production technologies. Even the notions of “environmental economy” or “green economy” are new to Ukraine and not found in the official documents, although the strategic goals of economic development, outlined in Ukraine for the forthcoming 10 to 12 years, have something common with the objectives to transition to “green” economy. Yet, a change has already visible in the creation of a new “green movement”, a public association propagating environmental modernization of companies and standing for preservation of environment in region, city or village. In view of the above, using of environmental marketing is investigated by case of companies operating on consumer markets of Ukraine. The analysis of marketing activities of companies in promoting environmental innovation shows that it has good chances for further expansion. The study demonstrates that the environmental awareness of the population is growing, with some individuals displaying higher concern with preservation of own health and the environment, and these expectations can be met by the market of environmental goods, which is turning into a highly competitive and attractive niche.
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Linzmeier, Benjamin J., Neil H. Landman, Shanan E. Peters, Reinhard Kozdon, Kouki Kitajima y John W. Valley. "Ion microprobe–measured stable isotope evidence for ammonite habitat and life mode during early ontogeny". Paleobiology 44, n.º 4 (3 de septiembre de 2018): 684–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2018.21.
Resumen
AbstractAmmonites have disparate adult morphologies indicative of diverse ecological niches, but ammonite hatchlings are small (~1 mm diameter), which raises questions about the similarity of egg incubation and hatchling life mode in ammonites. ModernNautilusis sometimes used as a model organism for understanding ammonites, but despite their outward similarities, the groups are only distantly related. Trends in ammonite diversity and extinction vulnerability in the fossil record contrast starkly with those of nautilids, and embryonic shells from Late Cretaceous ammonites are two orders of magnitude smaller than nautilid embryonic shells. To investigate possible environmental changes experienced by ammonite hatchlings, we used secondary ion mass spectrometry to analyze the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of the embryonic shells and early postembryonic whorls of five juveniles ofHoploscaphites comprimusobtained from a single concretion in the Fox Hills Formation of South Dakota. Co-occurring bivalves and diagenetic calcite were also analyzed to provide a benthic baseline for comparison. The oxygen isotope ratios of embryonic shells are more like those of benthic bivalves, suggesting that ammonite eggs were laid on the bottom. Ammonite shell immediately after hatching has more negative δ18O, suggesting movement to more shallow water that is potentially warmer and/or fresher. After approximately one whorl of postembryonic growth, the values of δ18O become more positive in three of the five individuals, suggesting that these animals transitioned to a more demersal mode of life. Two other individuals transition to even lower δ18O values that could suggest movement to nearshore brackish water. These data suggest that ammonites, like many modern coleoids, may have spawned at different times of the year. Because scaphites were one of the short-term Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction survivors, it is possible that this characteristic allowed them to develop a broader geographic range and, consequently, a greater resistance to extinction.
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Halffter, Gonzalo, Alejandro Espinosa de los Monteros, Janet Nolasco-Soto, Alfonsina Arriaga-Jiménez y Sara Rivera-Gasperín. "Bajacanthon, a New Subgenus for the Mexican Deltochilini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) Fauna". Diversity 14, n.º 2 (3 de febrero de 2022): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14020109.
Resumen
In this study, data are presented for the designation of the new subgenus (Bajacanthon) for Canthon obliquus Horn, 1894 (Deltochilini). The new subgenus Bajacanthon is described based on a multiple evidence approach using morphological and molecular characters. This new subgenus has some unique characters, and is the remnant of an old South American migratory movement into the Mexican Transition Zone. This beetle species has survived in isolation in the south half of the peninsula of Baja California (Mexico). Results based on molecular clock inference showed that the split between the lineages leading to the subgenus Bajacanthon and Boreocanthon took place nearly 16 Mya, whereas the radiation within Bajacanthon was dated to 3.7 Mya.
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Buongiorno, Joseph. "Generalization of Faustmann's Formula for Stochastic Forest Growth and Prices with Markov Decision Process Models". Forest Science 47, n.º 4 (1 de noviembre de 2001): 466–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/47.4.466.
Resumen
Abstract Faustmann's formula gives the land value, or the forest value of land with trees, under deterministic assumptions regarding future stand growth and prices, over an infinite horizon. Markov decision process (MDP) models generalize Faustmann's approach by recognizing that future stand states and prices are known only as probabilistic distributions. The objective function is then the expected discounted value of returns, over an infinite horizon. It gives the land or the forest value in a stochastic environment. In MDP models, the laws of motion between stand-price states are Markov chains. Faustmann's formula is a special case where the probability of movement from one state to another is equal to unity. MDP models apply whether the stand state is bare land, or any state with trees, be it even- or uneven-aged. Decisions change the transition probabilities between stand states through silvicultural interventions. Decisions that maximize land or forest value depend only on the stand-price state, independently of how it was reached. Furthermore, to each stand-price state corresponds one single best decision. The solution of the MDP gives simultaneously the best decision for each state, and the forest value (land plus trees), given the stand state and following the best policy. Numerical solutions use either successive approximation, or linear programming. Examples with deterministic and stochastic cases show in particular the convergence of the MDP model to Faustmann's formula when the future is assumed known with certainty. In this deterministic environment, Faustmann's rule is independent of the distribution of stands in the forest. FOR. SCI. 47(4):466–474.
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Langer, Moritz y Jürgen Schmude. "COVID-19 as a paradigm shift? Insights from the degrowth debate in tourism". European Journal of Tourism Research 36 (1 de noviembre de 2023): 3607. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v36i.3137.
Resumen
For years, Barcelona has been a city torn between economic success in tourism through increasing numbers of tourists and protest against the rising pressure on the city due to tourism. Resistance to the increasing social and ecological pressure exerted by intensive tourism in the city grew especially in the last ten years prior to the COVID- 19 pandemic, and voices emerged that actively demanded a degrowth transition of the tourism sector. This paper studies the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quest for a sustainable degrowth transformation of Barcelona’s tourism model. In this regard, the central developments in Barcelona’s tourism sector since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed and the implications of these developments for the degrowth movement in the city are outlined. Within the context of the qualitative content analysis, the different social and economic perspectives of the degrowth debate in tourism in Barcelona are contrasted and classified. The central research results outline that the measures taken so far for a more sustainable tourism since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic are mainly of a technical nature and do not have systemic-transformative components. Accordingly, there are reasons to believe that a return to the growth-oriented tourism model is prioritized, and so far, no indications point to the initiation of a degrowth transition.
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Fierro, José A. Moseñe, M. Victoria Sanagustín-Fons y César Álvarez Alonso. "Accountability through Environmental and Social Reporting by Wind Energy Sector Companies in Spain". Sustainability 12, n.º 16 (7 de agosto de 2020): 6375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166375.
Resumen
At present, energy transition is a crucial phenomenon that is at the very heart of governmental policies. There are a huge number of stakeholders involved in the change, but among these, the main socioeconomic actors that affect environmental and social impacts are energy companies. In this research, we analyze their institutionalized role in the Spanish wind energy sector, in the framework of the ecological movement. We consult the special views, opinions and motivations given by managers responsible for Institutional Relations in the main wind energy companies in Spain, and their perceptions of environmental reporting. We therefore tackle aspects related to the drivers of the social and environmental disclosure of environmental and social information. Research has been carried out based on documentary secondary analysis, and the use of a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews has revealed tendencies and pressures in the sector. Results suggest that the social context and public opinion pressure organizations to reveal environmental and social information. We also put forward how information is conveyed to the society through accountability practices, and the different institutionalized ways in which this is achieved.
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Odrekhivskyі, M., U. Kohut y D. Zhyla. "MARKETING-LOGISTICS-ORIENTED MANAGEMENT OF ECOLOGICAL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES". Journal of Lviv Polytechnic National University. Series of Economics and Management Issues 5, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2021): 170–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/semi2021.01.170.
Resumen
Purpose. The study aims to develop a scientific and methodological approach of organizing a marketing-logistics-oriented management system for ecological, innovative enterprises (EIE) to ensure effective implementation and use of environmental innovations for the greening of material flows at the enterprise. Design/methodology/approach. The obtained scientific results are based on using a systematic approach, logical analysis, and synthesis to develop literature sources to determine methods to solving the problem of marketing-logistics-oriented management of the EIE. On the study of literary sources, the core and advantages of marketing and logistics management from the standpoint of the enterprise's efficiency and the functioning of marketing and logistics activities were identified. Also, domestic and foreign authors’ views about the interaction of marketing as a concept of management that is oriented on the market and logistics as a flow-oriented management were studied. This creates opportunities to increase commodity and information utility and value of goods. Findings. To confirm the article’s hypothesis, the scientific and systematic approach to the organization of the system “suppliers – ecologically innovative enterprise – marketing – consumers” for ecological optimization of material flows at the enterprise was offered. In particular, the research provides the use of matrix organizational management structure in organizing the activities of logistics and marketing services. In this case, such matrix structure ensures a rapid response of both systems to complex problems in supply and marketing and, at the same time, allows you to avoid duplication of functions of services and preserve cost-effective management of them. Originality/value. The necessity of transition from price competition for environmental goods and services to match for certain advertising activities aimed at stimulating ecological processes and a healthy lifestyle causes the formation of a marketing information system in an environmentally innovative enterprise. This system is intended to collect, accumulate, transmit, process, and analyze the information necessary for use by the marketing service to upgrade the planning and forecasting of marketing activities, improve demand for goods and services, and monitor the implementation of marketing activities. For effective marketing management of the EIE, it is necessary to monitor the environment’s condition based on marketing research constantly, always using modern marketing information systems and the latest information technologies. The purpose of the logistics system of an ecological, innovative enterprise is to ensure the availability of the necessary environmentally innovative products, goods, and services in the required quantity and range, of the specified quality, in the right place and at the right time. The functions of the logistics system of innovative ecological enterprises are determined to endow their viable work. The suggested scientific and methodological approach to marketing-logistics-oriented management of the EIE is based on constructing an optimal model of the EIE logistics system and the appropriate method of marketing information. Such attitude can be widely used in the design, creation, development, and research of EIE, regional, and national environmental innovation systems. It is directed at optimizing the movement of material flows on the system “suppliers – EIE – marketing – consumers” and managing these flows. Practical implications. A conceptual model of interaction of the marketing information system with the external environment for the rationalization of marketing activities and management processes of the EIE is constructed. The logistics system of ecological, innovative enterprises, which was formed in this paper, will improve the implementation processes of environmental innovations in the design “supplier – consumer” to green the enterprise and the region’s activities effectively.
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Saklaurs, Mārcis, Agnese Anta Liepiņa, Didzis Elferts y Āris Jansons. "Social Perception of Riparian Forests". Sustainability 14, n.º 15 (29 de julio de 2022): 9302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159302.
Resumen
Riparian forests are ecotones that differ from the surrounding landscapes, delineating the transition from terrestrial ecosystems into aquatic ones. Riparian forest management has been recognized as a possible method for promoting several ecological functions. In order to develop a sustainable and resilient relationship between river riparian forests and society, it is necessary to analyze the sociocultural dimension of riparian zones. The aim of this study was to assess the social perceptions of riparian forests. A total of 734 respondents (61% woman), inhabitants from the region of Latvia, where there is a rather dense network of streams, were surveyed. Respondents represented various education levels, ages, and economic backgrounds. Riverine forests tend to be a less popular option for recreation compared with other types of forests. The most popular activities were walking and swimming. “Forest and water bodies” was not among the main topics that respondents were concerned about. Regarding rivers and riparian forests, the obstructed movement of fish to spawning grounds was recognized as the most important problem, but the least concerning was the reduction of water tourism and fishing opportunities. Dynamic river basin and river bank management could be a possible solution to restoring eligible locations for recreational activities, at least along some parts of rivers, and for improving the state of riparian ecosystems simultaneously.
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Gray, Struan. "Unwieldy matter: Liquid landscapes of memory in postdictatorship Chilean film". Moving Image Review & Art Journal (MIRAJ), The 12, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2023): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/miraj_00116_1.
Resumen
This article considers the haunting presence of the Pacific Ocean in two films about Southern Chile that respond to the aftermath of the Pinochet dictatorship (1973–90). I build from the premise that the heterogeneous materiality of landscapes can provoke reflection on multiple entangled histories, memories and hauntings, potentially enabling a counter-hegemonic form of historiography. Water itself is rarely analysed as ghostly matter. Its liquid materiality resists the emplacing of memorials or the accumulation of human-made debris. And yet, in the documentary El Botón de Nácar (The Pearl Button) (2015) and the narrative film La Frontera (The Frontier) (1991), water is the agglutinating presence that places different pasts in dialogue. Through my analysis, I explore the films’ engagement with the complex temporalities and cultural connotations of the ocean in Southern Chile – the cyclical movement of tides, the inevitability of catastrophic tsunamis and the enduring currents between islands that are invisible to the tourist gaze. I argue that in engaging with these temporalities, the films open alternate ways of thinking about time, history, truth and justice in the Chilean ‘transition to democracy’. This disruption makes room for histories of Indigenous survival, transnational solidarity, natural disaster and ecological destruction that are often absent or erased from postdictatorship memory culture.
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Martin, P. "EXE: a Climatically Sensitive Model to Study Climate Change and CO2 Enhancement Effects on Forests". Australian Journal of Botany 40, n.º 5 (1992): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9920717.
Resumen
Vegetation plays a significant role in determining the local and regional hydrology of ice-free continental surfaces and the dynamics of the atmosphere above it. Vegetation also influences the global climate directly by affecting atmospheric chemistry. In particular, it partially controls the carbon cycle. In turn, vegetation is influenced by climate and changes in the ambient concentration of CO2. This may have important consequences for agriculture and natural resource exploitation. A formal recognition of atmosphere/biosphere interrelationships is crucial but insufficient. Systematic investigations of the interactions between climate, plant physiology and ecology are badly needed. In this spirit, this paper presents the results of numerical simulations performed with the Energy, water and momentum eXchange, and Ecological dynamics (EXE) model at a local scale over periods of 400-800 (simulation) years. EXE constitutes a first attempt to couple a physiologically based water budget and an explicit treatment of ecological dynamics. In principle, EXE could be forced by the output of an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM). Within this context, the paper demonstrates through the examples it analyses that both potential stomata1 response to CO2 and the possible range of changes in atmospheric relative humidity are likely major factors in determining the ecosystem response to greenhouse warming. Consequently, they should be considered in future studies of this kind. The paper also provides explanations regarding the movement of ecotones, defined as the transition zones between different vegetation assemblages. Taking the North American forest/prairie boundary as a case study, the analysis of the results shows how, in a greenhouse warmed world, St Paul, MN, might look like North Platte, NE. Finally, building on the previous example by using two different models, this study illustrates that results can be strongly model dependent and encourages extreme caution in their interpretation.
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McGowan, Katharine y Sean Geobey. "“Harmful to the commonality”: the Luddites, the distributional effects of systems change and the challenge of building a just society". Social Enterprise Journal 18, n.º 2 (9 de febrero de 2022): 306–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-11-2020-0118.
Resumen
Purpose When complex social-ecological systems collapse and transform, the possible outcomes of this transformation are not set in stone. This paper aims to explore the role of social imagination in determining possible futures for a reformed system. The authors use a historical study of the Luddite response to the Industrial Revolution centred in the UK in the early-19th century to explore the concepts of path dependency, agency and the distributional impacts of systems change. Design/methodology/approach In this historical study, the authors used the Luddites’ own words and those of their supporters, captured in archival sources (n = 43 unique Luddite statements), to develop hypotheses around the effects on political, social and judicial consequences of a significant systems transformation. The authors then scaffolded these statements using the heuristics of panarchy and basins of attraction to conceptualize this contentious moment of British history. Findings Rather than a strict cautionary tale, the Luddites’ story illustrates the importance of environmental fit and selection pressures as the skilled workers sought to push the English system to a different basin of attraction. It warns us about the difficulty of a just transition in contentious economic and political conditions. Social implications The Luddites’ story is a cautionary tale for those interested in a just transition, or bottom-up systems transformation generally as the deep basins of attraction that prefer either the status quo or alternate, elite-favouring arrangements can be challenging to shift independent of shocks. While backward looking, the authors intend these discussions to contribute to current debates on the role(s) of social innovation in social and economic policy within increasingly charged or polarized political contexts. Originality/value Social innovation itself is often predicated on the need for just transitions of complex adaptive systems (Westley et al., 2013), and the Luddite movement offers us the opportunity to study the distribution effects of a transformative systems change – the Industrial Revolution – and explore two fundamental questions that underpin much social innovation scholarship: how do we build a just future in the face of complexity and what are likely forms those conversations could take, based on historical examples?
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Pant, Ichhya, Sonal Khosla, Jasmine Tenpa Lama, Vidhya Shanker, Mohammed AlKhaldi, Aisha El-Basuoni, Beth Michel, Khalil Bitar y Ifeanyi McWilliams Nsofor. "Decolonising global health evaluation: Synthesis from a scoping review". PLOS Global Public Health 2, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2022): e0000306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000306.
Resumen
As decolonisation awareness and activism amplifies in the mainstream masses and within academic realms across a variety of fields, the time is right to converge parallel movements to decolonise the fields of global health and evaluation by restructuring relations of dependency and domination reified through the “foreign gaze”1 or “white gaze.” We conducted a review of relevant records with the following inclusion criteria–they define or advocate for the decolonisation of global health evaluation or explicate methods, policies or interventions to decolonise global health evaluation published by advocates of the decolonisation movement from both fields. These records were derived following a systematic article search by the lead autthor on Google, Google Scholar, NewsBank, and PubMed using the following keywords: “decolonising” and “global health,” “evaluation,” or “global health evaluation” replicating a digital search strategy utilized by scoping reviews across a variety of topics. Because the topic of interest is nascent and still emerging, the date range was not restricted. The lead author screened abstracts retrieved from the search. In total, 57 records, ranging in publication date from 1994 to 2020, were selected and charted for this review. We reviewed these records to identify socio-ecological factors that influence the decolonisation of global health evaluation, such as decolonising minds; reorienting funders and reforming funding mechanisms; and investing in sustainable capacity exchange. In doing so, we reflected on our positionality as well as our internalisation and potential reinforcement of colonial relations in the process of reporting our results. In the context of turmoil and transition due to the COVID-19 pandemic, our scoping review offers a starting point to embark on a journey first to transform and decolonise global health evaluation and then to achieve the greater goal of equity and justice.
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Ткаченко, А. С. "Стан та перспективи органічного сільського господарства у регіонах України". Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, n.º 2 (27 de junio de 2018): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2018.02.08.
Resumen
У статті наведено дані щодо стану органічного виробництва в областях України. Проаналізовано кількість операторів органічного ринку, загальні площі земель, що мають статус органічних, та земель, що знаходяться у перехідному періоді. Визначено області з найкращими тенденціями розвитку органічного землеробства, а також проаналізовано взаємозалежність між станом органічного землеробства та кількістю органічних операторів. Надано рекомендації щодо покращання ситуації у галузі органічного землеробства та окреслені перспективи подальших досліджень.
The article presents data on the state of organic production in the regions of Ukraine. The theoretical aspects of organic production, organic movement and ecological consumption in Ukraine and Europe are researched. The analysis of the number of organic market operators, the total area of land with organic status and land in transition is conducted. Areas with the best trends in organic farming development are identified, as well as the interdependence between the conditions of organic farming and the number of organic operators. For the study data all regions of Ukraine were collected, except for the territory of ATO (Luhansk and Donetsk region) and the temporarily occupied territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.The largest number of operators in the organic market is located in Kyiv, Odessa, Kherson, Zhytomyr and Lviv regions. The leaders in areas of organic agricultural land and land of transitional period are Odessa, Kherson, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr and Poltava regions. The largest amount of organic land is located in Odessa, Kherson, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr and Kirovograd regions. The smallest number of organic lands is differed in Chernivtsi, Sumy, Ivano-Frankivsk, Vinnytsia and Zaporizhzhia regions. The number of organic farmers in the region does not affect the number of organic market operators. Areas were identified where organic farming are absent at all – such as Chernivtsi and Sumy. It is established which factors may have an impact on the development of organic production. It is determined that education and popularization of healthy and ecologically clean food is important, as well as assistance in search of the market for organic products. The recommendations for improving the situation in the field of organic farming are presented and prospects for further research are outlined.
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Mashika, Н. "ADMINISTRATIVE AND TERRITORIAL PECULIARITIES OF TRANSITION OF THE TOWNS OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION TO THE PATH OF SUSTAINABLE". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, n.º 74 (2019): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2019.74.6.
Resumen
In the article, it has been examined the peculiarities of the transition of the towns of the Carpathian region to sustainable development. It has been established that today the global level has a significant impact on the socio-economic situation of Ukraine and the Carpathian region in particular. It has also been found out that according to the Constitution of Ukraine, our state is defined as “social”, which imposes certain obligations on it regarding strategic priorities of socio-economic development. However, sustainable development, which has three components, such as social, economic and ecological, is becoming of great relevance. It has been proved that social, economic and ecological components are the basis of economic potential both of the Carpathian region as the whole and of the towns that are part of the regions of this area. The main definitions of strategic management of sustainable development have been analysed. The features of strategic and operational management of sustainable development have been emphasized, and the main principles of strategic management of sustainable development have been described. This article describes the ratio of goals and means of economic development in the long-term run, which has been determined by the President of Ukraine. The analysis of indicators of the sustainable development of the Carpathian region has been carried out. The regulatory legal documents of the strategic management of the sustainable development of Ukraine and its regions have been clarified, and problems of the strategic management of sustainable development have been identified. It has been revealed that among the strategic regulatory legal acts the highest priority in terms of the sustainable development, in particular of the Carpathian region, belongs to the Strategy of the Sustainable Development “Ukraine-2020”, which was approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 5/2015 dated January 12, 2015. The purpose of the Strategy is to introduce European standards of living in Ukraine, and the emergence of Ukraine into leading positions in the world. For this purpose, the movement forward will be conducted according to the following vectors. The first one is the vector of development, which means the provision of the sustainable development of the state, the implementation of structural reforms and, consequently, the improvement of standards of living. Ukraine should become the kind of state with a strong economy and advanced innovations. The next vector is the vector of security, which means providing security guarantees for the state, business and citizens, and protecting investments and private property. The vector of responsibility is to ensure guarantees that every citizen, regardless their race, skin colour, political, religious or other beliefs, gender, ethnic or social origin, property status, place of living, language or other characteristics, should have access to high-quality education, the system of health care and other services in the public and private sectors. The last one is the vector of pride, which is to ensure mutual respect and tolerance in society, the pride of its own state, its history, culture, science, and sport.
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Armstrong, Rachel. "Innovation and Technical Transformations in Living Technology". International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation 7, n.º 1 (enero de 2015): 18–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijantti.2015010103.
Resumen
This essay proposes that humans are in the midst of a cultural shift from the Industrial Age to an Ecological Era, which demands that one re-conceptualize the world and operate within it differently. It discusses the opportunities raised by Actor Network Theory (ANT) in helping one navigate the transition from an object-centred view of reality, towards one that also engages with process-oriented concepts. In particular, the impact of the convergence of these worldviews on technological innovation is explored through recognising a different material framework that engages with nonlinear systems. ANT offers a unique opportunity to deal with matter at far from equilibrium through the notion of assemblages, which act as a new kind of operating system that behaves in remarkably lifelike ways. Empirical evidence is provided for such an ANT-based, production platform through laboratory findings in an emerging field of computation called ‘natural' computing. A range of models and prototypes are discussed. The resultant lifelike technologies require unique infrastructures that facilitate the movement of elemental fabrics (earth, air, heat, water). While much evidence for their existence is propositional and qualitative, as they are in their earliest stages of development, these lifelike technologies have the potential to radically alter the impact of human development and transform it from being harmful to beneficial to the environment.
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Chen, Weiya, Yongzhuo Yu, Xiaoping Fang, Ziyue Yuan y Shiying Tong. "Using Mixed Methods to Identify Evaluation Indicators for Green Railway Transportation Operations in China". Sustainability 15, n.º 24 (18 de diciembre de 2023): 16957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152416957.
Resumen
The transition of China’s railways from aggressive expansion to sustainable development has sparked widespread discussions on green railways. Previous studies have primarily focused on the fundamental aspects of green rail design and construction. However, the green operation phase, one of the most critical stages in the entire lifecycle of railways, has been overlooked. This study used a mixed-method approach, combining systematic review and qualitative analysis, to identify significant environmental, economic, and social evaluation indicators for green railway transportation operations. Through an examination of 123 articles and interviews with four professors in academia, two Planning and Design Institute technicians, one government staff, and one railway practitioner, this study identified 17 key indicators associated with green operations in railways. The results showed that previous studies in the environmental aspect primarily focused on noise pollution, water pollution, solid waste, ecological conservation, and the use of construction materials. In the social part, the main concern is social equality. Green railway operations have the potential to impact social equity through the movement of people and goods, which makes accessibility a preferable evaluation measure. Regarding economic indicators, the influencing factors are more complex (such as regional GDP per capita), making it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of green railway operations directly. We suggest the inclusion of more economic-related indicators that directly correlate with green operations in railways.
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Celestino, Teresa. "High School Sustainable and Green Chemistry: Historical–Epistemological and Pedagogical Considerations". Sustainable Chemistry 4, n.º 3 (14 de septiembre de 2023): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/suschem4030022.
Resumen
In this paper, a distinction is first made between environmental, sustainable, and green chemistry; the last two are then examined in relation to the more general problem of environmental education. A brief historical digression on the Science, Technology, and Society movement attempts to dissect reasons why chemistry is seen by the general public as a problem, not as a decisive resource for the realization of the ecological transition. Although sustainable and green chemistry can be decisive in overcoming the insularity of chemical disciplines in high school, it is not well-embedded in educational practices. This situation is slowly changing thanks to the implementations of systems thinking in teaching practice, showing interconnections between the molecular world and sustainability. Historical and epistemological studies provide an all-encompassing framework for the relationship between chemistry and the environment in a broad sense, giving a solid foundation for educational projects. Specific operational goals can help chemical educators in supporting real learning, as well as an examination of the fundamental axes of sustainable and green chemistry, according to the criteria of Scientific and Technological Literacy. Finally, the results of some research carried out in secondary school are presented. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the interdisciplinary-systemic approach in teaching chemistry as well as in guiding future green careers and reducing the gender gap, preparing high school students in the best possible way to face the challenges of an increasingly interconnected and complex world.