Artículos de revistas: "East asian style"

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Hardian, Arie, Rina Herdiana Putri, Senadi Budiman y Dani Gustaman Syarif. "Sintesis Keramik Komposit ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 sebagai Fotokatalis Magnetik untuk Degradasi Metilen Biru". ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia 17, n.º 1 (8 de marzo de 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.17.1.39240.43-53.

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Metilen biru merupakan salah satu zat pewarna dalam limbah cair tekstil yang dapat merusak ekosistem perairan dan mempunyai nilai ambang batas 5 mg/L. Salah satu cara untuk mengolah MB dalam larutan yaitu dengan fotokatalisis mengingat sederhana, cepat, dan mudah diregenerasi. Namun, cara ini memiliki kekurangan yakni waktu pemisahan yang lama. Penambahan sifat magnetik ke dalam material fotokatalis yang kemudian disebut fotokatalis magnetik dapat mengatasi kelemahan dari fotokatalis konvensional. Dalam penelitian ini, fotokatalis magnetik berbasis komposit ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi sederhana dengan memanfaatkan mineral lokal pasir Zircon. Komposit yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Evaluasi terhadap kinerja fotokatalis diamati menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 yang dihasilkan mengandung kristal ZnFe2O4 berstruktur kubik. Partikel komposit memiliki bentuk irregular dan teraglomerasi. Komposit mengandung 6,52 Zr; 9,31 Zn; 23,58 Fe; dan 58,73 O dalam %atom, sesuai dengan stoikiometrinya. Luas permukaan spesifik ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 sebesar 112,375 m2/g. Sifat magnet dikonfirmasi menggunakan medan magnet ekstenal yang menunjukkan bahwa komposit ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 memiliki sifat magnet lemah. Kondisi optimum untuk fotodegradasi MB oleh komposit ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 dihasilkan pada pH 10 selama 120 menit dengan %degradasi MB sekitar 94,00%. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Synthesis of ZrO<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">-ZnFe<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">O<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Composite Ceramics as Magnetic Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation. Methylene blue (MB) is one of the dye compounds in textile wastewater that can damage aquatic ecosystems and has a threshold value of only 5 mg/L. The alternative way to treat MB in aqueous solutions is photocatalysis which has simple, fast, and easy regenerate properties but has a drawback such as a long separation time. Immersing magnetic properties to photocatalyst material called magnetic photocatalyst can solve the weakness of conventional photocatalyst. In this work, the magnetic photocatalyst of ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 was synthesized by simply co-precipitation method from local natural sources Zircon sand. The composites were then characterized using <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). The evaluation of photocatalytic performance was observed by using a spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The obtained ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 reveals a cubic structure of ZnFe2O4. The composites particles have an irregular and agglomerated shape. The obtained ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 contained 6.52 of Zr, 9.31 of Zn, 23.58 of Fe, and 58.73 of O in atomic percentage, corresponding to its stoichiometry. The specific surface area of ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 was 112.376 m2/g. The magnetic properties were confirmed by an external magnetic field showing that the composite has weak magnetic properties. The optimum condition for photodegradation of methylene blue by ZrO2-ZnFe2O4 was obtained at pH 10 for 120 minutes with methylene blue degradation percentage (%D) approximately 94.00%.

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Kim, Yung-Myung. ""Asian-Style Democracy": A Critique from East Asia". Asian Survey 37, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 1997): 1119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2645761.

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Kim, Yung-Myung. ""Asian-Style Democracy": A Critique from East Asia". Asian Survey 37, n.º 12 (diciembre de 1997): 1119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1997.37.12.01p0301e.

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Nichols, Ryan. "The Origin and Cultural Evolution of East Asian Cognitive Style: A Case Study of the Book of Changes (Yijing 易經)". Journal of Cognition and Culture 21, n.º 5 (13 de diciembre de 2021): 389–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340118.

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Abstract Experimental tests about cross-cultural differentiation of cognitive style conclude that East Asian and Western cognition differ. Tendencies described as East Asian include holism, non-linearity, expectation of change, relationalism, field dependence, causal pluralism, dialecticism, and a tolerance of contradiction. Cross-cultural psychologists generally refrain from discussing the intellectual history or cultural evolution of these differences, preferring to explain results on cognitive scales in terms of results on social scales assessed using present-day participants. The present article attempts to partially close this explanatory gap through detailed discussion of tendencies of East Asian cognitive style as represented in what is probably the most influential book in the history of East Asia, The Book of Changes. This study purports to show (a) that the content of the Yijing 易經 and its commentaries is best described in terms of the cognitive tendencies just mentioned, (b) that reading the Yijing activated those cognitive tendencies, and (c) that the Yijing attained prodigious influence on subsequent Chinese and East Asian cultures through four known mechanisms of cultural transmission. Informed by this case study, researchers of cross-cultural cognition may be positioned to develop a richer appreciation of the cultural representation and evolution of East Asian cognitive style in historical context.

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Walsh, Jeffrey y Arban Galbadrakh. "The Influence of Cultural Diversity on Team Dynamics in Multinational Workgroups". Journal of Management World 2021, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53935/jomw.v2021i1.136.

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This study examines the influence of culture on decision-making in multinational workgroups, specifically native English speakers and non-native English speakers of Asian descent. We use observational methods to provide additional insight into the different conversational patterns of group members of different cultural backgrounds and to understand how these patterns affect team dynamics. We used a four-by-four design to compare the interactions of groups composed of a majority of native-English speakers (and a minority of East Asian language speakers) and homogenous groups of ethnically diverse East Asian languages (and native speakers of English) to learn whether composition affects discourse style and contribution level. We found a significant difference in the number of turns taken by native-English speakers compared with those taken by non-English-speaking native speakers. The average number of overlaps and backchannels was also significantly higher than for native-speaking English speakers. This study has implications for those engaged in managing, training, or teaching heterogeneous groups consisting of members from the U.S. and East Asian countries. Managers, trainers, and teachers should ensure that those whose native language is East Asian are aware of the particular conversational behaviors that characterize this style of discourse. They should be educated about the specific conversational cues that might reap a deeper understanding of differences in discourse styles between the two participant groups.

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Yi, Kiebok. "A Medical Body of East Asian Medicine in terms of Materials, Structures and Spaces". Korean Association for Philosophy of Medicine 34 (31 de diciembre de 2022): 37–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54685/phiom.2022.34.37.

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Challenging the dichotomous cliché “East Asian medicine is all about qi, the Western medicine all about anatomy,” this paper attempts to uncover a style of practice within the historical landscape of East Asian medicine that does not draw on cosmological paraphernalia such as yin-yang, the Five phases and qi, but rather focuses on the materiality of the human body. This style of practice can be seen in medical areas such as surgical treatment, acupuncture, trauma care, first aid, obstetrics, military medicine, forensic medicine and anatomy, as well as in some doctors’ contemplation of anatomical structures of the human body. By examining related cases, this article explores the medical body of materials, structures and spaces as it was understood, experienced, and interpreted by historical East Asian actors. In conclusion, medical activities or cognitive practices of East Asian doctors based on the body materiality are quite noteworthy and should be deserved a consideration in the broader historical context of East Asia. As such, this style of practice can be distinguished from the cosmological thinking. Inasmuch as, the term “topological body” might be employed in referring the medical body.

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Jakubanecs, Alexander, Magne Supphellen, Alexander Fedorikhin, Hege Mathea Haugen y Njål Sivertstøl. "Elicitation of salient brand emotions in Western and East Asian markets: The role of elicitation context". International Journal of Market Research 61, n.º 5 (29 de marzo de 2019): 518–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785319838419.

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The objective of this article is to show the effects of the use of Free Association Technique on the elicitation of brand emotions and functional associations across a Western and an East Asian culture as well as to identify and test underlying mechanisms. The use of Western techniques for eliciting brand emotions may prove challenging for marketers in East Asian markets because of the different styles of thinking and feeling of consumers in the West versus East Asia. This investigation focuses on the role of visual context (individual vs social), in which brands are presented when eliciting brand associations in the West and in East Asia. The study shows that elicitation context significantly influences the type of brand emotions and functional associations across two distinct cultures: Norway and Thailand. Consumers’ self-construal and thinking style mediate the effects of culture, as interdependent self-construal and holistic thinking explain more context-dependent brand emotions generated by Thai than Norwegian consumers. This research has important implications for studying and managing brand associations and emotions across markets. The traditional view of brands as possessing abstract, stable associations, and emotions should be reconsidered in the East Asian cultural context. Marketing managers should adapt established Western elicitation techniques to the characteristics of East Asian consumers to increase their validity.

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Kim, Minsun y Yuan Yuan. "NO CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE GETTIER CAR CASE INTUITION: A REPLICATION STUDY OF WEINBERG ET AL. 2001". Episteme 12, n.º 3 (18 de marzo de 2015): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/epi.2015.17.

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AbstractIn “Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions” (NEI), Weinberg, Nichols and Stich famously argue from empirical data that East Asians and Westerners have different intuitions about Gettier-style cases. We attempted to replicate their study about the Gettier Car Case. Our study used the same methods and case taken verbatim, but sampled an East Asian population 2.5 times greater than NEI's 23 participants. We found no evidence supporting the existence of cross-cultural difference about the intuition concerning the case. Taken together with the failures of both of the existing replication studies (Nagel et al. 2013; Seyedsayamdost 2014), our data provide strong evidence that the purported cross-cultural difference in intuitions about Gettier-style cases does not exist.

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Otto, Wendi J. "Evolving Korean Parenting Foundations Revealed through Children’s Perspectives of East Asian Parenting Beliefs, Styles and Practices". Journal of Education and Learning 7, n.º 2 (21 de diciembre de 2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n2p34.

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Research on parenting styles and children’s developmental outcomes have been prominent in the parenting and achievement literature for decades and research shows that parenting style is not consistent across families from diverse backgrounds (Baumrind, 1971; Chao, 1994; Grusec, Goodnow, & Kuzcynski, 2000). Building on this research, this study examines Korean parenting and its influence on Korean-American achievement by examining the common factors across East Asian parenting ideologies, styles, and practices through the East Asian Parenting Model (EAPM) (Chao, 1994; Choi, Kim, Pekelnicky, & Kim, 2013; Darling & Steinberg, 1993). Perceptions about child development and learning and the changing and evolving mother-child relationship are patterns particularly explored in this study. Overall, this study purports important findings regarding evolving Korean parenting foundations affecting Korean-American achievement which add to the field of Asian-American achievement literature. These findings may help inform educators working within school settings about ways in which Korean parenting foundations influence the education of these children.

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Klein, Axel, Frédéric Krumbein y Hannes Mosler. "Populism in East Asian Democracies: Report on the International Lecture Series of the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany (Oct 2020–Feb 2021)". International Journal of Taiwan Studies 5, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2022): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24688800-20211241.

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Abstract Diagnosing a gap in our knowledge on populist phenomena in East Asian democracies, especially the lack of attention paid to the region by comparative studies, the organisers of the online lecture series ‘Populism in East Asian Democracies’ (PinEAD) brought together small but substantial research on East Asia by inviting presentations by nine experts, three each on Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Their findings showed how different phenomena and actors analysed as populists in East Asian democracies are from those in Europe or the Americas. They also highlighted how heterogeneous the group of politicians referred to as ‘East Asian populists’ is. While, on an abstract level, most East Asian populists are similar, in that they appeal to voters discontented with the democratically elected ruling parties and executives and promise to govern in a way more favourable to ‘the people’, they do so in ways that differentiate them from the standard style of political campaigning and rhetoric in their respective country.

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Bae, John, Doris Lu-Anderson, Junya Fujimoto y Andre Richelieu. "East Asian college consumer decision-making styles for sport products". Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 5, n.º 3 (13 de julio de 2015): 259–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-11-2012-0051.

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Purpose – Purchasing behaviors have been studied in various countries. Previous studies involving consumer decision-making styles for sport products have only been seen in one country in order to either identify factors of Purchase Style Inventory for Sport Products (PSISP) or classify consumer shopping behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to identify consumers’ decision-making styles (shopping styles) for sport products from Japanese, Singaporean, and Taiwanese college-aged consumers. Design/methodology/approach – The scale of PSISP was adapted to measure consumer decision-making styles (shopping styles) for sport products. This instrument is composed of 35 items under nine dimensions. CFA, 3 (Nationality) × 2 (Gender) MANOVA and ANOVA were employed. Findings – According to the results of this study, there were significant different decision-making styles among three different countries in East Asia. Overall, Japanese male and female college-aged students exhibited higher brand consciousness than Singaporean and Taiwanese males and females. Research limitations/implications – As consumers from different countries show different lifestyle, education, economic, religion, and culture, they might have their unique shopping styles. Therefore, the dimensions related to decision-making styles need to be explored, and the scale needs to be validated using a substantial sport industry sample in the future study. Practical implications – This study helps East Asian advertisers or markets to rethink and develop appropriate marketing strategies as well as to understand the different decision-making styles of local consumers and better approach new and existing consumer markets. Originality/value – This paper is important for international sports marketers to predict consumer shopping patterns and maintain proper inventory levels, particularly when marketing in global markets.

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Bukharina, Aleksandra, Bukharina, Aleksandra y Jeong Min Moon. "Expression Characteristics for Ethnic Style Design: East Asian vs. Western European Guesthouses: Focusing on Bedroom Interior". Korea Institute of Design Research Society 9, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2024): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.46248/kidrs.2024.2.278.

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This study aims to analyze the characteristics of ethnic style design elements applied to the bedrooms of guesthouses in East Asia and Western Europe, comparing their similarities and differences. First, the research investigates how ethnic styles are expressed in the bedroom interiors of guesthouses and establishes a case analysis framework. Second, using online platforms such as Booking.com and Tripadvisor.com, eight guesthouses were selected for analysis: two each from China and Korea in East Asia, and two each from France and Italy in Western Europe. Third, the selected cases were analyzed using the framework, focusing on key design elements including architectural elements, colors, materials, furniture, and decorative elements. The findings reveal distinct regional styles and emphasize the specific characteristics of design elements used to express ethnic styles in guesthouse bedrooms.

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Heiduk, Guenter y Agnieszka McCaleb. "CSR Strategies in Greater China: Global, East Asian, American, European Style?" International Journal of Management and Economics 37, n.º 1 (17 de octubre de 2014): 169–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2014-0009.

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Abstract The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility emerged in the United States and spread to Europe and Asia while being adapted to national/local characteristics. Since borders between markets and societies are blurring and globalization is promoting MNCs which find themselves acting in hybrid societies, international institutions put efforts into the development and moral acceptance of global CSR standards. The scientific interest in CSR focused on the conflicts between company returns and benefits for society. The resulting concepts of performance-oriented, awareness-oriented and welfare-oriented CSR should facilitate the evaluation of CSR strategies implemented by MNCs. In research on the cultural dimensions of economies, it might be possible to allocate geographically the three concepts. Regarding the newly emerging Chinese MNCs, the paper aims to shed light on which concept they follow. On the one hand, CSR concepts of American and/or European MNCs that are present in China might serve as a role model; on the other hand, by learning from Taiwanese/ Hong Kong MNCs, a “greater China CSR approach” might emerge. Empirical studies and own field research suggest that compared to American and European companies, CSR is less deeply rooted in Chinese companies. Furthermore, significant differences between Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwanese companies indicate that a Greater Chinese CSR approach does not yet exist. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that American and European CSR concepts will experience a Chinese influence in the near future.

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김영숙. "The Exclusivism Japanese Style: Zaitokkai, Foreigner Suffrage, and East Asian Geopolitics". 일본공간 ll, n.º 18 (diciembre de 2015): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35506/jspace.2015..18.009.

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Chris Rodrigo, G. y Will Martin. "Can The World Trading System Accommodate More East Asian Style Exporters?" International Economic Journal 11, n.º 4 (diciembre de 1997): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168739700000026.

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RODRIGO, G. CHRIS y WILL MARTIN. "CAN THE WORLD TRADING SYSTEM ACCOMMODATE MORE EAST ASIAN STYLE EXPORTERS?" International Economic Journal 11, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 1997): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168739700080026.

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Li, Cong, Gunwoo Yoon y John Petit. "Staying in the middle or avoiding extremes? A test of the effect of rating scale length in advertising research with Chinese consumers". International Journal of Market Research 62, n.º 4 (20 de diciembre de 2019): 418–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785319895156.

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Given the rapid growth of many Asian economies in recent years, Asian advertising research is attracting increasing attention. However, systematic examinations of how to move this body of research forward from both theoretical and methodological perspectives are lacking. This study discusses a method-related issue in Asian advertising research, specifically focusing on the rating scale length used in measuring consumer attitude and behavioral intention. The experiment examines whether using different rating scale lengths (i.e., 1–3, 1–5, 1–7, and 1–9) will produce inconsistent research results due to the influence of Confucianism on East Asian consumers’ response style. Based on the experimental findings, a theoretical discussion of how to consider the cultural impact on measurement in an East Asian advertising context is provided.

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Lin, Merrisa, Nairán Ramírez-Esparza y Diego Pascual y Cabo. "Latinx’s Attention to Social Context: A Comparison with European Americans and East Asians Living in the U.S." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 10, n.º 2 (8 de abril de 2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1446.

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Prior research shows that collectivistic East Asians are more sensitive to contextual information than individualistic Americans. However, limited studies have explored other collectivistic societies, such as the Latinx. Extending the current literature, we investigated attention to social context among Latinx living in the United States. Two tasks were used to test how Latinx (N=260) incorporate social context information when making attributions as compared to European Americans (N=220) and East Asians (N=144) living in the United States. In Task 1, participants made attributions about their friend’s career choice. In Task 2, participants made attributions about a character experiencing constraints in a semi-real-life situation. The findings demonstrated that when making attributions, East Asians were more attentive to social context than European Americans. Furthermore, Latinx were attentive to social context like the East Asians, but findings were not consistent across tasks. Results are discussed as a function of cultural frameworks, specifically from the perspectives of European American and East Asian cultures, and from the Latinx cultures. The role of collectivism on holistic thinking and practical implications of culture-driven attention style are discussed. Directions for future research are also suggested.

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Wang, Mianchen. "A Semiotic Analysis of the Objectification and Sexualization of Women in East Asia: Exploring the Role of Fashion Magazine". Communications in Humanities Research 1, n.º 1 (21 de diciembre de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/chr.iceipi.2021151.

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The media has, for decades, been a tool through which the objectification and sexualization of women have been perpetuated. The research question pertains to whether East Asian magazines also encourage the perception of women as sexual objects. This research investigated four East Asian magazines, namely, VIVI, Korean Allure, Chinese Beauty, and Chinese ELLE, using the semiotic analysis to determine the extent to which the cover models clothing style and make-ups were used to sexualize and objectify East Asian women. Although some countries like Korea have tried to eliminate women's fetishization, others still insist on promoting sexualized images of women to protect their magazine sales and because of the power of the male gaze. The author argued that fashion magazine should be used more efficiently as a platform where women are empowered to express themselves outside the stereotypical sexualization and objectification of women perpetrated by the male gaze.

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Wang, Mianchen. "A Semiotic Analysis of the Objectification and Sexualization of Women in East Asia: Exploring the Role of Fashion Magazine". Communications in Humanities Research 1, n.º 1 (21 de diciembre de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/1/iceipi_151.

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The media has, for decades, been a tool through which the objectification and sexualization of women have been perpetuated. The research question pertains to whether East Asian magazines also encourage the perception of women as sexual objects. This research investigated four East Asian magazines, namely, VIVI, Korean Allure, Chinese Beauty, and Chinese ELLE, using the semiotic analysis to determine the extent to which the cover models clothing style and make-ups were used to sexualize and objectify East Asian women. Although some countries like Korea have tried to eliminate women's fetishization, others still insist on promoting sexualized images of women to protect their magazine sales and because of the power of the male gaze. The author argued that fashion magazine should be used more efficiently as a platform where women are empowered to express themselves outside the stereotypical sexualization and objectification of women perpetrated by the male gaze.

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21

Huang, Chun-chieh. "Some Observations on the Study of the History of Cultural Interactions in East Asia". Journal of Cultural Interaction in East Asia 1, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2010): 11–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jciea-2010-010103.

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Abstract This paper attempts to incorporate the history of East Asian cultural interactions into the field of regional history, and toward that end proposes that certain subjects to be explored. The paper consists of five sections. Section 1 draws attention to the newer fields of regional history and global history, as distinct from national history, which occupied great academic interest in the twentieth century. Section 2 suggests a new way to study regional history: shifting our focus from the results of cultural interactions to the process, thus bringing about a paradigm shift in the study of the history of East Asian cultural interactions. Section 3 raises two problematiques in the proposed field of regional history: the mutual influence between self and other, and that between culture and the power structure. Section 4 proposes three types of exchange for further research: (1) exchanges of persons (especially professional intermediate agents), (2) exchanges of goods (especially books), and (3) exchanges of thought. The last section concludes that, with the rising of East Asian countries on the world stage in the twenty-first century, the state-centered style of historical study will be redirected to a broader East Asian perspective. By redefining the history of East Asian cultural interactions as regional history, we will be able to undertake the important task of revisiting and reconsidering on our traditional cultures.

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Beneville, Margaret A. y Chieh Li. "Evidence-based literacy interventions for East/Southeast Asian English language learners". Journal for Multicultural Education 12, n.º 1 (9 de abril de 2018): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-12-2016-0061.

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Purpose There is a notable dearth of interventions that have been specifically designed for Asian English Language Learner (ELL) students, and the existing research on ELL students often lacks population validity and sample diversity. In response to this need, this paper aims to review current research on literacy interventions for East/Southeast Asian ELLs and provide practical recommendations for educators teaching literacy skills to this population. Design/methodology/approach To identify studies for inclusion in this review, a systematic literature search was conducted of peer-reviewed studies and dissertations were published between 2001 and 2016. Articles were included in the authors’ review, if those described a literacy intervention where the sample was entirely East and/or Southeast Asian ELLs, or, if the sample included other groups, the study provided an analysis of the intervention’s effectiveness specifically for the East or Southeast Asian ELLs in the study. Both quantitative and qualitative studies were included. Findings The authors’ search yielded seven studies. The authors found three main contributors to effective literacy instruction for this population: culturally relevant instruction, family involvement and encouraging first language (L1) development to facilitate language and literacy in English. Results indicated that interventions that consider a student’s cultural style (i.e. preference toward a teacher-centered classroom) or included cultural familiar themes/texts were found to be more effective. In addition, strategies that encouraged the development of L1, such as the use of dual-language books, explicitly teaching contrastive analysis and providing the same book to be read at home and a school were all correlated with greater literacy gains. Finally, facilitating home-school communication seemed to contribute to the efficacy of several of the interventions. Research limitations/implications This paper reveals the need to expand the current knowledge base on effective literacy instruction and intervention for East/Southeast Asian ELL students, especially research on population validity, given the specific needs of this growing population. This review is limited by the small number of relevant studies and the fact that not all East/Southeast Asian languages or ethnic groups were represented. There is still a great need for future research to determine what methods or combination of factors are effective with East/Southeast Asian ELLs of various ages and needs. Practical implications The findings from this paper have generated practical recommendations for educators teaching literacy skills to East/Southeast Asian ELL students, such as: tailor literacy instruction to be culturally relevant, design interventions around student’s preferred learning style, encourage parent/family involvement, provide bilingual instruction and bilingual reading materials and provide parents with books and information about the literacy curriculum. Social implications This paper also reveals the need to expand the current knowledge base on effective literacy instruction and intervention for East/Southeast Asian ELL students, especially research on population validity, given the specific needs of this growing population. Originality/value Based on an extensive literature search, this is the first paper to review and summarize the research on literacy interventions for East/Southeast Asian ELLs over the past 15 years. This paper provides valuable recommendations to educators and calls for more research on English literacy acquisition specific to this population.

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Lin, Chai y Li Dongmei. "Hybrid Baihua 白話 as a Third Space: East Asian Anticolonial Writing in Modern China". Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies 24, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2024): 23–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15982661-11056750.

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Abstract After the colonial invasion of East Asia, numerous Koreans, Vietnamese, and Japanese went to China and began a long anticolonial struggle. During this period, they chose to write and communicate in a fourth language, Baihua 白話, for anticolonial purposes. While writing in Baihua, they brought the grammar and word order of their mother tongues into Baihua, creating “Korean-style vernacular Chinese,” “Japanese-style vernacular Chinese,” and “Vietnamese-style vernacular Chinese.” The emergence of these hybridized Baihuas is related to the anticolonialists’ cooperation with the Kuomintang government, the oppression of the Kuomintang government, and the authority of Literary Sinitic and Baihua. As a form of subversion of and resistance to the authority of Literary Sinitic and Baihua, the hybrid Baihuas thus constructed served as an anticolonial third space.

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24

Motoyoshi, I. "Ecological-optics origin of the style of European and East-Asian classical painting". Journal of Vision 11, n.º 11 (23 de septiembre de 2011): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.11.1188.

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Li, Ji, Ping Ping Fu, Irene Chow y T. K. Peng. "Societal Development and the Change of Leadership Style in Oriental Chinese Societies". Journal of Developing Societies 18, n.º 1 (marzo de 2002): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x0201800103.

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The development of East Asian Chinese societies in recent decades has led to observed change in leadership styles among business managers. This study examines the relationship between societal changes, especially the change in culture, and the change in leadership styles. The subjects of this study are Chinese managers in four major Oriental Chinese societies: Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan. It is argued that, due to different political, economical, and cultural developments in recent decades, the leadership styles in these Chinese societies have also changed in different directions. Based on data from the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Program (GLOBE) study, our findings show some significant and interesting differences in leadership style among business leaders in these Chinese societies. The implications of the findings are discussed.

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26

Chen, Chuansheng, Shin-ying Lee y Harold W. Stevenson. "Response Style and Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Rating Scales Among East Asian and North American Students". Psychological Science 6, n.º 3 (mayo de 1995): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00327.x.

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This report examines cross-cultural differences in response style regarding the use of rating scales Subjects were high school students 944 from Sendai (Japan), 1,357 from Taipei (Taiwan), 687 from Edmonton and Calgary (Canada), and 2,174 from the Minneapolis metropolitan area and Fairfax County, Virginia Responses to fifty-seven 7-point Likert-type scales were analyzed The Japanese and Chinese students were more likely than the two North American groups to use the midpoint on the scales, the U S subjects were more likely than the other three groups to use the extreme values Within each cultural group, endorsement of individualism was positively related to the use of extreme values and negatively related to the use of the midpoint These small, albeit statistically significant, differences in response styles generally did not alter cross-cultural comparisons of item means

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27

Mok, Christine. "East West Players and After: Acting and Activism". Theatre Survey 57, n.º 2 (13 de abril de 2016): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557416000107.

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“Where are all the Asian actors in mainstream New York theatre?” What began as a plaintive status update on Facebook launched a full-scale investigation by Asian American actors that culminated in a report titled “Ethnic Representation on New York City Stages” and the formation in the fall of 2011 of an advocacy group, the Asian American Performers Action Coalition (AAPAC). AAPAC's findings were disheartening. In the preceding five years, Asian Americans had received only 3 percent of all available roles in not-for-profit theatre and only 1.5 percent of all available roles on Broadway. The percentage of roles filled by African American and Latino actors, in contrast, had increased since 2009. According to the report, “Asian Americans were the only minority group to see their numbers go down from levels set five years ago.” The data AAPAC compiled were both surprising in their concreteness and unsurprising in their bleakness. The Facebook query sparked an active digital conversation that touched a collective sense of discord just below the surface for many Asian American theatre artists, especially actors. Ralph Peña, artistic director of Ma-Yi Theatre Company, invited key Facebook commenters to hold a more formal conversation about access, embodiment, and Asian American representation. This group, many of whom were artists in midcareer, trained at top conservatories, and fostered in New York City's vibrant Asian American theatre community, became the Steering Committee of AAPAC. The members of the Steering Committee channeled their frustration and anger into archive fever by researching and documenting ethnic representation on Broadway and in sixteen of the largest not-for-profit theatres in New York City over a five-year period. In front of an audience of three hundred, members of AAPAC presented their findings at a roundtable at Fordham University on 13 February 2012 that included prominent artistic directors, agents, directors, casting directors, and producers and was moderated by David Henry Hwang. With the report in hand, AAPAC members roused the New York theatre community with a series of town hall–style meetings and urged theatrical production gatekeepers to do, if not better, then, something.

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SIHN, Kyu-hwan. "The Spread of Hygiene Concepts and the Making of Public Health Discourse in Modern East Asia". Korean Journal of Medical History 31, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 2022): 613–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2022.31.613.

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If public health can be defined as “all activities to ensure universal medical use of the people and protect and promote health,” it can be said that public health emerged in the process of developing the concept of hygiene in East Asia. While traditional hygiene emphasized individual curing and longevity, modern hygiene was the state in charge of individual body and discipline. East Asian countries had to practice modern tasks in the field of hygiene and medical care in line with the construction of modern countries, and it was considered legitimate for modern countries to intervene in individual bodies. As the demand for modern national construction became stronger, interest in public health rather than personal hygiene increased.In East Asia, a new interpretation of the concept of hygiene began in Japan. Sensai Nagayo(1838-1902) newly defined the concept of ‘sanitation’ to justify the physical intervention of the modern state in Meiji period. The concept of ‘public health’ began to be used in earnest in 1890, when Ogai Mori(1862-1922) translated Western-style health protection measures for the public as public health. Since then, public health has evolved into a universal social discourse in Japan. Japan’s public health expanded to colonial Joseon, Taiwan, and China. Japan’s victory in the Sino-Japanese War led East Asian countries to believe that hygiene was the root of the Japanese nation’s power. In the early 20th century, the government of the Republic of China began to imitate the case of Japan while promoting modern education reform and institutional reform. Japanese-style ‘public health’ was transplanted into various hygiene laws and sanitary equipment.In Korea, modern hygiene was introduced and spread from the end of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century, and the concept of ‘public health’ in Japan was mainly spreading. Public health in Japan was vaguely defined as an activity to protect and promote the health of the people, but in practice, it was focused on improving quarantine and environmental infrastructure. In response, the concept of American-style public health, which values prevention and treatment at the same time, has already begun to emerge under the Japanese colonial rule.In East Asia in the 1920s and 1930s, Japanese-style public health and American-style public health discourse competed, and measures to solve medical inequality were discussed in earnest. Interestingly, in common in East Asian countries, Actual Medical Expenses Campaigns to improve medical access at low cost and social medicine to universally provide prevention and treatment to the people have drawn attention. This was also a phenomenon caused by intensifying medical inequality as rapid urbanization and industrialization progressed in East Asian countries in the first half of the 20th century. Although it was impossible to resolve social contradictions or move toward fundamental reform of the national medical system due to the nature of the private movement, the actual medical movement further imprinted the need for public health care in the country and society. Social medicine studied the effects and relationships of the social environment on diseases and health, and studied ways to promote public health by using preventive medicine and therapeutic medicine. If social medicine was supported by state power, it was possible to go forward with practice such as State Medicine like China, otherwise it would only be a civilian movement such as the People’s Health Movement, as in colonial Korea.Liberation and the Korean War were a dramatic turning point in American-style health that led to Japanese-style hygiene. Immediately after Liberation, there was a discussion between the left and right camps over medical nationalization to enhance the publicity of medical care. The medical community was sympathetic to the nationalization of medical care, but due to the lack of medical personnel and financial resources, specific alternatives could not be proposed. As American-style health studies gradually expanded their influence after the Korean War, American-style public health, which emphasized prevention and treatment activities, became established, and efforts were made to establish a health center system.

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Yoon, Jae-hwan. "East Asian Discourse and Korean Literature in Classical Chinese character". Research of the Korean Classic 61 (31 de mayo de 2023): 179–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.20516/classic.2023.61.179.

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To define East Asia’s cultural identity as several specific cultural factors is to recognize East Asian culture as objects of ideas, ideals, imagination, and fiction, not as entities that exist. However, it is not right to deny the existence of East Asian universal culture and common culture because of the fact that East Asian culture cannot be explained by several specific factors. It can never be right to deny even the facts that exist not to see East Asia based on ideas and ideals. Literature in classical chinese character, one of the cultural elements of East Asia, is a literary style that began in China and spread throughout East Asia. Therefore, in order to approach East Asian literature in classical chinese character, a balanced perspective between the self and the other is necessary. This is the same in the case of Korean literature in classical chinese character, and accordingly, it is argued that East Asian literature in classical chinese character and Korean literature in classical chinese character should be viewed from a relative perspective, but the practical approach has not yet met this discourse. Researchers of Korean literature in classical chinese character believe that Korean literature in classical chinese character is a literature that emphasizes subjectivity while aiming for chineseization, and that it is a literature that has heterogeneity based on homogeneity with literature in classical chinese character in China and homogeneity based on heterogeneity with literature in classical chinese character in other regions, and aims to establish the status of Korean literature in classical chinese character in East Asia by revealing the contents of exchanges and communication through various contacts. However, these arguments still have many problems to be solved in that most of the leaders of mutual exchange and communication in East Asia do not have a decisive influence in the country’s politics, society, and culture, and the results of exchange and communication have generally resulted in a personal level. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the status of Korean Literature in Classical Chinese Character in East Asia, it is necessary to reconsider the most essential part of East Asia and Korean Literature in Classical Chinese Character from now on.

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Chen, Tzu-Ling, Hao-Wei Chiu y Yu-Fang Lin. "How do East and Southeast Asian Cities Differ from Western Cities? A Systematic Review of the Urban Form Characteristics". Sustainability 12, n.º 6 (19 de marzo de 2020): 2423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062423.

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The Fifth Assessment Report released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR5) revealed that the scale of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Asian cities is similar to those from developed economies, which are driven predominantly by economic growth. Due to variations in geographic and climatic contexts, culture and religion, living style and travel behavior, governance and institutions, and a wide range of density and land use mixes, there are significant variations in urban form patterns across Western and Asian cities. This paper uses a systematic review, which is a critical interpretive synthesis methodology, to review keywords of studies related to urban form among East and Southeast Asian cities. From 3725 records identified through database searching, 213 studies were included in qualitative analysis. The results show that, although the population density in built-up areas is higher, annual population density is declining significantly in East and Southeast Asia. In addition, there are various kinds of land use mixes including horizontal, vertical, and temporal forms. As a whole, the inconsistencies of urban form characteristics exist not only between Western and Asian cities, but also among Asian cities. Serious population density decreases in Asian cities might indicate that they are undergoing similar urban development processes to those of Western cities. We should be aware of the potential lock-in trends of urban development patterns in Chinese and Southeast Asian cities.

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Streltsov, Dmitry V. "Conflicts in East Asia: How Are They Different from Europe’s?" Russia in Global Affairs 21, n.º 2 (2023): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31278/1810-6374-2023-21-2-180-191.

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While the threats that turned Europe into the most explosive part of the world in the last century appear to be quite relevant for Asia, the European-style security institutions do not seem to work for Asia. The key reasons are the historically embedded roots of the insecurity, more acute territorial divisions, specific (non-Western) understanding of security, and ethnically-driven separatist and irredentist movements. Also, as deglobalization increases and the international system becomes less and less manageable, East Asian countries tend to push harder for pursuing an autonomous security policy.

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32

Yusuf, Shahid. "East Asian Cat or African Cat: Which One Is the Better Mouse Catcher?" Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 10, n.º 1-3 (enero de 2018): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974910118802658.

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Growth led by the export of manufactures has long served as the workhorse model for developing countries. East Asian countries that successfully adopted this strategy rapidly created an industrial base through dint of domestic investment aided by inflows of foreign capital and exploited the opportunities to trade that arose as tariff barriers and transport costs fell starting in the 1960s. Since the turn of the century, an African challenger, Ethiopia, claims to have found an alternative pathway to rapid growth that is led by agriculture and by investment in infrastructure bankrolled by financial assistance from overseas, with exports playing a negligible role. However, a comparison with Vietnam, a closely matched competitor from East Asia, shows that while Ethiopia may have achieved a high GDP growth rate, it lags far behind Vietnam, as is apparent from a host of economic and social indicators. Vietnam’s experience relative to Ethiopia’s suggests that as yet there is no viable alternative to East Asian-style export-led growth with manufacturing as the driver. The search for alternatives must continue.

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33

Thompson, Mark R. "Democracy with Asian Characteristics". Journal of Asian Studies 74, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2015): 875–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911815001187.

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In the last three decades, a number of Asian thinkers supportive of, or opposed to, authoritarian rule have developed culture-based theories of democracy that challenge, or buttress, a liberal, “Western” understanding of democratic rule. The most famous expression was the “Asian values” discourse of government-linked intellectuals in Singapore and Malaysia, but there has also been a “political Confucianist” critique of “Western democracy” in China as well as claims that only “Thai-style democracy” is appropriate in Thailand. Less well known is a pro-democratic stance in Asia rooted in the region's major religious traditions. These apparently contradictory discourses have been dialectically related in the post–Cold War era: authoritarian rulers reacted to universalist claims about democracy with assertions of cultural particularism which, in turn, triggered a reaction by Asian democrats who pointed to the liberal character of world religions practiced in the region. While the civilizational critique of “Western” democracy (the origins of which can be traced to Imperial Germany and Meiji Japan) has contributed to democratic decline in the region, there has also been push back by offering an interpretation based on East Asia's major religious traditions to show that “Asian values” are not incompatible with democracy.

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34

Fang, Ge, Yuxin Fu y Linqi Peng. "Wabi-sabi Style: the Collision of the East and West, the Combination of the Fashion and the Nature". Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (7 de febrero de 2023): 2499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.5019.

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In the past fifty years, Japanese fashion as one of the most prosperous Asian fashions has become a legend in the world fashion field through its special oriental design that breaks the fashion aesthetics with the West as the mainstream in the past. In recent years, wabi-sabi style has become a new fashion trend. As sustainable fashion is advocated by more and more people, the ecological concept wabi-sabi aesthetic holds also accords with the eco-fashion tendency. This paper aims to study the wabi-sabi style in the fashion field, which includes its power to collide with the fashion world dominated by the West, and its ecological function. First of all, this paper compares the aesthetic, religious, and women's fashion history of the wabi-sabi style and the western style. Then, it investigates the fashion collision between the East and the West in terms of design concepts and analyzes the inspiration for the wabi-sabi fashion style. What is more, this paper also integrates the wabi-sabi style and eco-fashion to analyze its positive impact on the environment. Ultimately, this study suggests that although the wabi-sabi style has a minimal influence in the fashion field, it will have a promising future for its sustainability and the comfort it renders to the secular life. The result helps to promote the wabi-sabi style, making more people know about this style and think deeply about their attitude to their lives, and grabbing more attention to wabi-sabi fashion for its environmentally friendly function.

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35

Daboo, Jerri. "Transadaptation and Bollywoodisation in Tanika Gupta’s Hobson’s Choice and Wah! Wah! Girls". Journal of Contemporary Drama in English 10, n.º 2 (1 de noviembre de 2022): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcde-2022-0024.

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Abstract Tanika Gupta’s varied work as a playwright encompasses transadaptation in a range of forms. This article will focus on two of her plays, Hobson’s Choice (2003/2019) and Wah! Wah! Girls (2012), exploring the ways in which she depicts representations of South Asian communities in Britain in different ways. Hobson’s Choice reworks the original 1916 play to being set among the Bengali community working in the rag trade in Salford. The play focuses on the father of the family, Hari Hobson, who runs a clothing factory and lives with his three daughters. The 2019 reworking of the play changes the setting to a Ugandan Asian family in Manchester in 1987. Wah! Wah! Girls is set in East London, having been commissioned as part of the Cultural Olympiad. Focusing on a mujra-style dancing club and the different communities surrounding it, the play includes transadaptations of well-known dance routines from Bollywood films integrated into the action, playing on nostalgia and familiarity for South Asian communities, as well as offering a picture of contemporary multicultural London. Both plays, in different ways, use transadaptation of setting and form to examine what it means to be British and Asian in different contexts, and this article will analyse whether this is successful in creating a meaningful interrogation of the experience of British South Asians on stage.

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Kim, Dong-Gyun. "The Meaning of Buried Bronze Mirrors in the Three Kingdoms Period". Central Institute of Cultural Heritage 42 (31 de octubre de 2023): 25–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20292/jcich.2023.42.25.

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In ancient East Asia, bronze mirrors were objects that enabled their creators and users to reflect their perceptions. Each ancient East Asian society interpreted and utilized the mirrors differently according to their needs. Instead of simply perceiving the Three Kingdoms Period’s bronze mirrors, especially Han-style bronze mirrors and Japanese bronze mirrors, as foreign artifacts, this paper aims to delve into the significance of the bronze mirrors in the Korean Peninsula during that time and examine how they were received and utilized by different communities. Southern Korean Peninsula during the 4th~6th centuries, which were part of the Three Kingdoms Period, is first sorted into five regions based on topography, water systems, and political entities. Next, the excavated context of bronze mirrors from each region is examined to study how these mirrors were buried and disposed of. The significance of bronze mirrors within ancient East Asian societies is, then, used as a reference to infer the importance of the mirrors within Korean communities during the Three Kingdoms Period. In conclusion, bronze mirrors were not in high demand within various Three Kingdoms Period societies on the Korean Peninsula unlike within the societies that existed in other parts of ancient East Asia. Furthermore, each society on the Korean Peninsula interpreted and utilized bronze mirrors in a unique way that aligned with its specific needs. This was dissimilar to practices observed in other ancient East Asian societies. The way an object is perceived varies from person to person. Sometimes, perceptions of objects are shared, reproduced, and diffused throughout societies. At other times, the perceptions slowly fade away. Through examining bronze mirrors, this paper demonstrates that a type of object can be received and utilized in diverse ways depending on the context of time and space.

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37

Kim, Hyon-Sob. "The appearance of Korean architecture in the modern West". Architectural Research Quarterly 14, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2010): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135511000145.

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Although the general influence of the architecture of East Asian countries on the formation and development of modern architecture has been widely recognised, detailed evidence about the extent and nature of this influence has been accruing through a growing body of research. This began with Chinoiserie, a Chinese-style fashion around the eighteenth century in Europe, which was imprinted in the Rococo interior as well as in the jardin anglo-chinois with its Chinese pavilions. Then in the late nineteenth century there was a European zeal for Japanese art, Japonisme, which appeared in the Arts and Crafts Movement and Art Nouveau. Consequently, East Asian influences came to be reflected in the concepts and designs of numerous modern architects. The representative figure is the American master Frank Lloyd Wright, who adopted the spatial concept of Laozi (or Lao-Tzu) and the organic characteristics of Japanese architecture. China and Japan had also appeared in various publications and architecture played a typical role in the interchange. Also, some notable Westerners had visited China and Japan.

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38

Usman, Usman, Muhammad Badiran y Iman Muhammad. "PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA PUSKESMAS TERHADAP KINERJA TENAGA KESEHATAN DI PUSKESMAS PEUREULAK BARAT". JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Kesehatan) 5, n.º 1 (8 de enero de 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/jumantik.v5i1.5820.

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Today leadership is at the core of economic development in the Asian region including Indonesia. There are two dominant leadership styles, namely American (western) leadership style, and Asian (eastern) leadership style. Based on the preliminary survey conducted, it was seen that the style used by the leaders was the interaction of the leader with his subordinates, but the style was not used well so that it was seen in 10 health workers in West Peureulak Health Center, 6 of whom had low performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the leadership style of the puskesmas head on the performance of health workers at the Peureulak Barat Health Center in East Aceh Regency in 2018.The research design used in this study was Cross Sectional. The population in this study were 52 health workers and samples taken by total sampling were as many as 51 health workers. Methods of data collection are primary data and secondary data. Data analysis used is binary logistic regression test.The results showed that transactional leadership style had a sig-p value of 0.016 <0.05, transformational sig-p .005 < .05 and situational leadership style had a sig-p value of .003 < .05, which means that all leadership styles have an influence on quality health services, while caring does not have an influence on the performance of health workers.The conclusion in this study is the influence of transactional, transformational and situational leadership styles on the performance of health workers. It is hoped that it can become a reference for the community and for cadres in the Puskesmas to better understand the importance of appropriate leadership styles to maximize the performance of health workers to the fullest.Keywords : leadership style, performance, transactional, transformational, situational

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Choi, Franky K. H. "How to establish a good government? Lessons from Lee Kuan Yew in Singapore and Deng Xiaoping in China". Public Administration and Policy 21, n.º 2 (5 de noviembre de 2018): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-10-2018-007.

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Purpose Outside the US and Europe, to establish a good government requires more than Western-style democracy. Adopting universal suffrage fully from the Western model is no longer a panacea to reach the ultimate goal of good governance in the East, i.e., to keep promoting socio-economic renovation can be noted as a prerequisite to have further meaningful political advancement in an Asian polity. The purpose of this paper is to explain how to establish a good but authoritarian government in the East. Design/methodology/approach Given the good of comparative historical analysis, Lee Kuan Yew in Singapore and Deng Xiaoping in China are selected as both cases for “method of agreement.” Further including “argument based on the contrary” to form a context for macro-historical analysis, this paper outlines two characteristics of the duo’s authoritarian leadership, namely, Ideologies and Policy-making; and Political Modernization, and hence provides a more balanced reevaluation of their governance. Findings Apart from noting how these two Asian giants more or less contributed to their good but authoritarian governments for long in the twentieth century, such a word of authoritarianism to the duo was quite positive to help legitimize their governance, which was far different from many negative views of the Western world. Originality/value As theories put forward by Western academics could not entirely justify modernization among Asian societies in the twentieth century, this paper attempts to answer one question: Does the meaning of authoritarianism remain unchanged in the discourse of the East and the West?

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Yi, Kiebok. "The Style of Practice by YI Chema in Nineteenth Century Chosŏn Korea: Reconfiguration of East Asian Medicine". Korean Association for the Social History of Medicine 2 (30 de octubre de 2018): 33–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32365/kashm.2018.2.2.

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Chiang, Howard H. "Rethinking ‘style’ for historians and philosophers of science: converging lessons from sexuality, translation, and East Asian studies". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 40, n.º 2 (junio de 2009): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2009.03.003.

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42

Foster, Morris John y Christopher Richardson. "“Buslish” in East and Southeast Asian business – a role for continuing education". International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 39, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2022): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-10-2021-0158.

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PurposeThe aim of the research, in the East and Southeast Asia context, is to explore the advantages and problems of Buslish (business facilitation English) for managers and to generate suggestions for maximising the use of Buslish as a critical resource in organisational effectiveness, including potential educational support and its required technology.Design/methodology/approachData aimed to explore the issue were collected from a multi-country sample of 31 non-native English speakers, using a semi-structured questionnaire, plus in-depth interviews (10) with some respondents. Data were analysed using a mixture of descriptive statistics and logical argumentation.FindingsThe authors found a strong agreement that Buslish is important in the chosen setting, but there are problems in practice. Views on the importance of style and precision of the language actually used varied considerably. A key practical implication is that there is a role for English continuing professional development (CPD) courses.Practical implicationsFirms should support the development of English language skills of employees, certainly at management level and perhaps also at shop floor level. Suitable courses could be offered in firms' CPD programmes. Employees who are native speakers should be encouraged to enunciate clearly for non-native speaker colleagues, not to use slang and not to speak too quickly. While the authors encourage the use of contemporary communication technologies (e.g. virtual classrooms), they maintain that these should be supplementary in nature, supporting, rather than replacing, face-to-face learning formats.Originality/valueA key aspect of the originality of the work is derived from the specific location, primary data collected and the creative nexus of the initial issue and its educational requirements, including technologies.

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Verit, Ayhan. "Far-East “Orhon” Inscriptions (720-735 AD) in the view of Andrology". Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 66, n.º 2 (febrero de 2020): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.2.112.

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SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The stone monuments named as “Orhon” inscriptions located in Middle Asia are considered the first written Turkish findings. Our aim was to discuss the contents and physical appearance of the monuments according to the andrological perspective. METHODS These inscriptions were composed of three stone monuments built in the years 720-735 AD, in honor of three Khagans (Ruling leaders). RESULTS Although the theme of the writings emphasizes the male-dominant ruling style of the antique Middle Asian migratory tribes, we claim that the most interesting point was that the phallus had a secret role in the perspective of the stone monuments. CONCLUSION The trilogy of power, state authority, and erection was monumentalized in 8th-century inscriptions. The signs of Andrology should be sought in history, archeology, and art to expand the esthetic horizon of modern medical sciences.

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Dohmen, Renate. "MEMSAHIBS AND THE “SUNNY EAST”: REPRESENTATIONS OF BRITISH INDIA BY MILLICENT DOUGLAS PILKINGTON AND BERYL WHITE". Victorian Literature and Culture 40, n.º 1 (marzo de 2012): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150311000295.

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Millicent Pilkington, the daughter of a Lancashire industrialist in her early twenties, arrived in India in December 1893 and returned to England December 1894. We know about her trip, or her Year's Frivol in the Sunny East as she calls it, from the sumptuous album orné or commonplace book she compiled filling it with water colour sketches, photographs, autographs, dinner invitations, newspaper clippings, etc. The material is carefully arranged over forty-five album pages, is often framed by elaborate, hand-painted decorative borders, many of them in an Indian style. We know of the album because it was deposited in the Centre for South Asian Studies at Cambridge University by a descendant.

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Nichols, Ryan. "Understanding East Asian holistic cognitive style and its cultural evolution: a multi-disciplinary case study of Traditional Chinese Medicine". Journal of Cultural Cognitive Science 5, n.º 1 (24 de marzo de 2021): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41809-021-00075-8.

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Cutler, Harvey, David J. Berri y Terutomo Ozawa. "Market recycling in labor-intensive goods, flying-geese style: an empirical analysis of East Asian exports to the U.S." Journal of Asian Economics 14, n.º 1 (febrero de 2003): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1049-0078(02)00239-7.

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Yi, Kiebok. "‘On the Origin of Medicine’ from Eastern Medicine [for] Prolonging the World and Preserving People by Yi Chema (1837–1900)". Asian Medicine 11, n.º 1-2 (25 de julio de 2016): 207–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15734218-12341370.

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The translation below is an essay, ‘On the Origin of Medicine’ (Ŭiwŏnnon醫源論), taken from the textbook1Eastern Medicine[for]Prolonging the World and Preserving People(Tongǔi Susebowǒn東醫壽世保元, 1894),2 by Yi Chema 李濟馬 (1837–1900, styled Tongmu 東武).3 Yi Chema, hailing from the peripheral northern part of Korea, was a Confucian-cum-physician and also served as military officer and local magistrate during the Chosŏn 朝鮮 dynasty (1392–1910). Having no specific allegiances to any intellectual lineage in either medicine or Confucianism, he was able to translate his critical yet inspirational impulses into a distinctively novel style of clinical practice. His ideas built on the observation that sentimental/emotional, or better, psychosocial dispositions of a person are inextricably associated with the visceral dynamics of the person.4 He thus put forward as an overarching scheme of organisation the four constitutional types: Greater Yang (Taeyang 太陽) Person, Greater Yin (Taeŭm 太陰) Person, Lesser Yang (Soyang 少陽) Person, and Lesser Yin (Soŭm 少陰) Person. Later dubbed ‘Sasang Medicine’ (Sasangǔihak四象醫學), Yi Chema’s distinctive way of knowing and style of practice became one of the main intellectual currents of Korean medicine during the twentieth century. Its history thus provides an illustrative example of the diverse landscape and historical dynamics of East Asian medicine.

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Denisenko, V. L. "Animal Style in Petroglyphs of the Upper Indus Valley (Ladakh, Gilgit-Baltistan)". Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 22, n.º 10 (22 de diciembre de 2023): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-10-9-21.

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The purpose of the article is to conduct a historiographical analysis of the main approaches to the problem of distribution of petroglyphs made in the animal style on the territory of the Upper Indus valley, as well as their cultural and chronological attribution. For the Early Iron Age of the Upper Indus valley, rock carvings are the main archaeological source, since there are very few studied archaeological sites belonging to this period; mostly stray finds are known. It is the animal-style petroglyphs that are an effective tool for detecting migrations. However, the issues related to the establishment of the cultural identity of the images, their dating and the ways of penetration of Central Asian peoples into the Upper Indus Valley are still unresolved. The main conceptual propositions put forward by K. Jettmar, H. Hauptman, A.-P. Frankfort, as well as their followers – L. Bruno, M. Vernier, J. V. Belezza are considered. On the basis of the published materials, sites are distinguished, on which there are images made in the animal style, their geographical location and the main motives of rock carvings are indicated. The result of the study was the assumption that the appearance of animal-style art in the Upper Indus valley is associated with a series of migration waves, both from the west and northeast (Iran, Pamir, Xinjiang) and from the east (Northern China). In the process of the penetration of a new style of rock art, local peculiarities were manifested in each area.

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Dosch, Jörn. "Mahathirism and Its Legacy in Malaysia’s Foreign Policy". European Journal of East Asian Studies 13, n.º 1 (2014): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-01301003.

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The foreign policy style of Malaysia’s fourth prime minister, Mahathir Mohamad (1981–2003), was controversial in many instances, but the country’s influence and leverage in regional and global affairs had been remarkable for a country of its size. Despite initial outcries within Malaysia’s neighbourhood, Mahathir’s contributions to a wider East Asian regionalism are a lasting legacy. In the decade that has passed since Mahathir stepped down, Malaysia’s international relations have rarely made the global headlines. Does the legacy of Mahathirism live on in Malaysia’s foreign policy, or does the seeming absence of bold and pro-active initiatives indicate a substantive change of style and direction? The prime ministers since 2003, Abdullah Badawi and Najib Razak, have lacked Mahathir’s hegemonic status in policy-making, and this has inevitably led to a de-personalisation and institutionalisation of foreign affairs. At the same time both administrations have continued Mahathir’s practice of keeping foreign affairs out of the public domain as much as possible, in order to reduce the influence of domestic interests and debates on foreign policy matters.

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park, jinsung. "A Study on the Characteristic of East Asian Autobiographical Literature in the 17th Century(Ⅱ) -Focusing on a narrative style". ONJI COLLECTION OF WORKS 66 (31 de enero de 2021): 85–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.16900/onji.2021.66.03.085.

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