Artículos de revistas: "East Asian developmental welfare state"

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Lee, Yih-Jiunn y Yeun-wen Ku. "East Asian Welfare Regimes: Testing the Hypothesis of the Developmental Welfare State". Social Policy & Administration 41, n.º 2 (abril de 2007): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2007.00547.x.

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Fleckenstein, Timo y Soohyun Christine Lee. "Democratization, post-industrialization, and East Asian welfare capitalism: the politics of welfare state reform in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan". Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 33, n.º 1 (febrero de 2017): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2017.1288158.

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This review article provides an overview of the scholarship on the establishment and reform of East Asian welfare capitalism. The developmental welfare state theory and the related productivist welfare regime approach have dominated the study of welfare states in the region. This essay, however, shows that a growing body of research challenges the dominant literature. We identify two key driving factors of welfare reform in East Asia, namely democratization and post-industrialization; and discuss how these two drivers have undermined the political and functional underpinnings of the post-war equilibrium of the East Asian welfare/production regime. Its unfolding transformation and the new politics of social policy in the region challenge the notion of “East Asian exceptionalism”, and we suggest that recent welfare reforms call for a better integration of the region into the literature of advanced political economies to allow for cross-fertilization between Eastern and Western literatures.

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3

Jorg Michael, Dostal. "The Developmental Welfare State and Social Policy: Shifting From Basic to Universal Social Protection". Korean Journal of Policy Studies 25, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 2010): 147–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps25308.

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Most people would agree that developing countries should advance from basic, informal, and insecure welfare provision toward universal, formal, and secure welfare regimes. This article examines how analytical concepts of developmental statehood and developmental welfare statehood might be applied to this issue. In particular, how is it possible to combine economic and social development objectives in a mutually beneficial manner? The article reviews the history of both concepts and some of their shortcomings; examines policy features of developmental (welfare) statehood, focusing on the examples of South Korea and four other countries that have frequently been referred to as "East Asian welfare regimes"; and explores some policy options for developing countries seeking to expand their economic and social policy-making capabilities.

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4

Kim, Soon-yang. "Reappraisal of the Developmental Welfare State Theory on the Underdevelopment of State Welfare in East Asian Growth Economies: The Case of South Korea". Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, n.º 4 (5 de noviembre de 2019): 568–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619886679.

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The purpose of this article is to re-examine the perspective on the relationship between East Asia’s growth economy and its underdevelopment of state welfare, by analyzing the Korean case between the 1960s and the 1980s, when active governmental intervention in the economy led to rapid economic growth. This article aims to answer the questions ‘Was state welfare genuinely underdeveloped under the growth economy of East Asia?’ and ‘If so, which factors hindered its development?’ To this end, this article first refutes the perspective regarding the underdevelopment of state welfare in East Asian growth economies, through an empirical analysis of the following: overlooking diverse indices in measuring the level of state welfare, a comparison without considering different budget systems, negligence of output aspects, giving undue value to quantitative methods and paying little attention to welfare beneficiary aspect. The article traces the reasons why the growth economy experienced the underdevelopment of state welfare using comprehensive frameworks: large-scale resource distribution to defense and education, low level of electoral competition, underdevelopment of socialist political parties, political authoritarianism and weak opposition, lack of social citizenship and preservation of family values, underdevelopment of trade unionism, and inactivation of civil society.

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5

Soon, Suetgiin, Chelsea C. Chou y Shih‐Jiunn Shi. "Withstanding the plague: Institutional resilience of the East Asian welfare state". Social Policy & Administration 55, n.º 2 (18 de febrero de 2021): 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spol.12713.

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Gyoosang Seol. "East Asian Welfare Regimes: An Analysis about the Effectiveness and Sustainability of the Developmental Welfare State Model Focused on ANICs". Comparative Democratic Studies 10, n.º 1 (junio de 2014): 117–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34164/injede.2014.10.1.005.

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7

Lue, Jen-Der. "Globalisation, Democratisation and the Institutional Transformation of Taiwan's Welfare Regime". Social Policy and Society 13, n.º 2 (19 de febrero de 2014): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474641300064x.

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In the context of the discussion about the governance capacity of small states in the world market raised by Katzenstein, the case of East Asian newly industrialised countries is an interesting one. This article takes the development of social policy in Taiwan as a case study through which to explore the role of social policy in the process of rapid industrialisation in small states. It is argued that in the initial phase of industrialisation the productive component of social policy was highlighted by the developmental state to serve the goal of economic development. Social policy functioned at this stage as an effective instrument to dampen the cost of labour and thus contributed to the low-cost strategy of developmental state. Since the 1980s, however, social policy has been profoundly transformed as a consequence of economic globalisation on the one hand and domestic democratisation on the other. It is argued that social policy making since the 1990s in Taiwan has shifted in emphasis from the productive to the consumptive component. Finally, it is suggested that three factors will be decisive in determining Taiwan's social policy in the future: limited governmental revenues, fiscal strain due the public debt problem and the steering capacity of minority governments.

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8

Shim, Jaemin. "Left is right and right is left? Partisan difference on social welfare and particularistic benefits in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan". Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 36, n.º 1 (marzo de 2020): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ics.2020.2.

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AbstractThis paper investigates elite-level partisan differences along the socioeconomic dimension in three developed East Asian democracies – Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. On the one hand, the mainstream literature in welfare studies and party politics expects left- and right-leaning parties should vary significantly in utilizing social policy promises. On the other hand, the path dependency logic tells us that left–right difference should be found over particularistic benefits, such as agricultural subsidies or construction projects, considering that these were central means for right-leaning parties to maintain their power during the developmental state period in the three countries. Using an original bill-sponsorship data set between 1987 and 2012, we find that there has not been any substantial difference in the agenda setting of conventional social welfare bills between left- and right-wing government periods. However, a clear elective affinity can be observed between established right-wing parties and particularistic benefits. The paper shows that contextualizing key political actors' preferences can lead to a more systematic understanding of political dynamics behind the socioeconomic dimension in non-Anglo-European countries.

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9

Ho, Peter. "Chinese Society: Change, Conflict and Resistance. Edited by Elizabeth J. Perry and Mark Selden. [London and New York: Routledge, 2000. xii+249 pp. £16.99. ISBN 0-415-22334-2.]". China Quarterly 173 (marzo de 2003): 214–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000944390322012x.

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In all likelihood the event with the largest political and social impact in the East-Asian region would be the democratization of China. However, it is also evident that China's political reform, like its economic transition, is taking on the form of a cautious and gradual restructuring. Out of pragmatic reasons – allowing society to assist the government in areas where it should not govern, is incapable of governing, or cannot govern – the state has unofficially relaxed its grip over certain social spheres such as women's rights, social welfare and rural poverty.

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Mahmood, Mir Annice. "Pradip N. Khandwalla. Revitalising the State: A Menu ofOptions. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1999. Indian Rs 250.00.304 pages." Pakistan Development Review 38, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 1999): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i1pp.121-122.

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In recent years discussions about the role of the state have been intense. Some argue in favour of an increased role of the state in the life of the people; others argue for a lesser and diminished role. Whatever the arguments, it is generally felt that the role of the state has been de-emphasised in recent years thereby making it unable to sustain the economic well-being of the people. This book, by presenting a number of suggestions, is an attempt to reinvigorate the state to make it more in tune with the requirements of the people. Using history as a guide, the author identifies four main models of the state that have developed in the twentieth century. These can be categorised as (i) the interventionist welfare state; (ii) the developmental state; (iii) the 'reinvented' entrepreneurial state, and (iv) the World Bank model of the humane market-friendly state. After categorising these different types of states he proceeds to analyse the reasons behind the decay of the state. These include their growing size and complexity, corruption, poor governance, weak political structures etc. to mention a few. At the same time, he also examines same success stories from the Commonwealth and East Asian countries. These include Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore to name a few. From these success stories the author puts forward what, in his view, are steps aimed at revitalising the state, particularly in developing countries.

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11

Wong, Linda, Roger Goodman, Gordon White y Huck-ju Kwon. "The East Asian Welfare Model: Welfare Orientalism and the State". Pacific Affairs 73, n.º 2 (2000): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2672185.

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12

Hort, Sven Olsson y Stein Kuhnle. "The coming of East and South-East Asian welfare states". Journal of European Social Policy 10, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2000): 162–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a012488.

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It has long been assumed among Western commentators that rapid economic growth in East and South-east Asia has been achieved without the development of social policies. It has often been inferred that growth without social welfare is not only possible, but beneficial to further strong economic growth. The article questions these perceptions and beliefs. First, to what extent did East and South-east Asian countries delay the introduction of social insurance schemes compared to European pioneering countries, in the sense of introducing them only at a much higher level of 'modernization'? Second, to what extent was the economic miracle achieved by some of these countries based on (or accompanied by) attempts to forestall or retrench welfare state schemes? Third, to what extent has the recent financial crisis led to attempts at lowering or changing standards of social protection? The study shows that the Asian countries generally introduced social security programmes at a lower level of 'modernization' than Western European countries; that rapid and strong economic growth in the decade 1985–95 has in general been accompanied by welfare expansion; and that even after the financial crisis of 1997, expansion of state welfare responsibility is more evident than efforts to reduce or dismantle state welfare responsibility]

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13

Lee, Soohyun Christine. "Democratization, Political Parties and Korean Welfare Politics: Korean Family Policy Reforms in Comparative Perspective". Government and Opposition 53, n.º 3 (9 de enero de 2017): 518–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2016.44.

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Recent reforms of family policy signal a turning point in the Korean welfare state, as they undermine the welfare developmentalism that is commonly ascribed to Korean social policy. Drawing on the East Asian as well as Western welfare state literatures, this research seeks to understand the politics behind family policy reforms. In doing so, this research argues that political parties were the driver of these reforms, contrary to the conventional ‘parties do not matter’ perspective that dominates the East Asian welfare state literature. Utilizing the party competition thesis from the study of Western welfare states, this article demonstrates that political parties, the unlikely reform agency due to their perceived non-policy orientation, moved family policy to centre stage in election campaigns. Far-reaching changes in the electorate, namely the diminishing effect of regionalism and the increasing importance of young voters, incentivized parties to promote family policy. Thus, this research calls for bringing political parties into the analysis of East Asian welfare politics.

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14

Abdul Karim, Syahirah, Terje A. Eikemo y Clare Bambra. "Welfare state regimes and population health: Integrating the East Asian welfare states". Health Policy 94, n.º 1 (enero de 2010): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.08.003.

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15

Yeo Qin-Liang. "The Influence of Civil Society on Welfare Expansion in East Asia: A Comparative Study of Singapore and South Korea". Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 52 (31 de marzo de 2021): 30–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.52.2.

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East Asian countries are often characterized as productivist welfare states whose social policies are subordinated to economic growth. However, in the past decade, public pressure for welfare expansion (or welfarism) has built up across all East Asian countries – including China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. Therefore, this paper asks: How has pro-welfare civil society influenced welfare expansion in East Asia over the past decade? Addressing this research question will help fill the theoretical gap on the relationship between contemporary pro-welfare civil society activism and welfare state expansion in East Asian countries. I address this theoretical gap by devising the New Power Approach which argues that pro-welfare civil society is the main driver of welfare expansions when the incumbent government is conservative. By implication, the stronger the pro-welfare civil society in generating political impetus for reforms, the greater the extent of welfare expansion in the country with a conservative government.

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16

Wong, Joseph. "The Adaptive Developmental State in East Asia". Journal of East Asian Studies 4, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2004): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800006007.

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In 1997, several of Asia's economies collapsed and the international community was called in to help mend the ailing region. The crisis attracted a great deal of attention among both the scholarly and policy communities. At that time, it seemed that the Asian miracle had come to an abrupt end. Places such as South Korea enjoyed a prosperous run though suffered a dubious demise. Later developers in Southeast Asia and China, having just emerged from out of the starting gate, quickly stalled in their attempts to ride the wave of Asia's postwar economic dynamism. Fortunately, things would not remain dour for too long. Some countries, such as Taiwan and Japan, made it through the crisis relatively unscathed. Both China and South Korea quickly rebounded. Southeast Asian countries, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand, adapted and have consequently begun new growth trajectories. In the end, it seemed that the most severe and lasting casualty of the 1997 crisis was the East Asian developmental state model itself. To be sure, the more recent literatures on East Asian political economy have taken a sharp turn, wherein terms like “booty capitalism” and “crony capitalism” have quickly come to replace more laudatory titles such as the “East Asian Miracle.”

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17

Yuda, Tauchid Komara. "The development of “Islamic welfare regime” in South East Asia". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 40, n.º 3/4 (2 de abril de 2020): 220–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-08-2018-0137.

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PurposeUsing evidence from Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Indonesia, the purpose of this paper is to explore how Islamic welfare regime notion evolves in a South East Asian (SEA) context.Design/methodology/approachTo gain a broad frame of reference in discussing Islamic welfare regimes in SEA, this paper employs a combined political-economic and cultural approach to analyze how Islamic welfare ethics in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Indonesia are developed. The specific criterion used to make a comparative analysis of these countries is an interconnection between four levels of Islamic welfare actors (state, market, community and household/relatives) in providing social welfare.FindingsMalaysia and Indonesia have demonstrated the most balanced form of “Islamic welfare diamond” in the relationship between welfare actors, even as the state-centered welfare initiative continues to be expanded, while Brunei has taken a different route. A monarchical political system underpinned by high economic growth has enabled the state to play a major role in welfare distribution, rather than other welfare actors. For this reason, Malaysia and Indonesia are described as having an “Islamic inclusive welfare regime,” while Brunei is reported to have an “Islamic welfare state regime.”Originality/valueFor the purpose of theoretical advancements, there is no doubt that this paper has proposed an alternative framework to developing an understanding of how the Islamic ethical code is articulated in a wide range of welfare configurations within the “South East Asian context.”

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18

Hudson, John, Stefan Kühner y Nan Yang. "Productive Welfare, the East Asian ‘Model’ and Beyond: Placing Welfare Types in Greater China into Context". Social Policy and Society 13, n.º 2 (2 de enero de 2014): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746413000572.

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This article rounds off the themed section by reviewing broader debates within welfare state modelling relevant to Greater China. More specifically, it examines the now well-established literature around the East Asian ‘model’ of welfare, and related debates on the notion of a ‘productive welfare’ model. In so doing, it challenges simplistic classifications that present the region as representing a single model of welfare and, instead, highlights the diversity of welfare provision found within both Greater China and East Asia more generally. Building on the authors’ earlier published work comparing East Asian welfare systems with those found across the OECD, it also challenges claims that the region is home to a distinct ‘productive’ model of welfare. The article ends by highlighting some key drivers that will shape future debates.

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19

Kim, Soon-yang. "Underdevelopment of the East Asian welfare state and Confucian tradition : Reexamining the “Confucian welfare state” theorem". Korean Public Administration Review 51, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2017): 57–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18333/kpar.51.4.57.

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20

Kwon, Huck-ju. "Transforming the Developmental Welfare State in East Asia". Development and Change 36, n.º 3 (mayo de 2005): 477–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0012-155x.2005.00420.x.

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21

Choi, Young Jun. "End of the Era of Productivist Welfare Capitalism? Diverging Welfare Regimes in East Asia". Asian Journal of Social Science 40, n.º 3 (2012): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853112x650827.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of recent transformations in East Asian welfare regimes, applying a ‘real-typical’ perspective, based on the ‘productivist welfare capitalism’ thesis of Ian Holliday (2000). Unlike Western welfare-state regimes in which the politics of austerity has dominated, the politics of welfare expansion has been noticeable in East Asian welfare regimes. This paper will analyse whether these changes have fundamentally dismantled the productivist feature where social policy is subordinate to economic objectives. While the trajectories are different depending on different political institutional contexts, this study shows that there are two strong signs that these states are moving out of their productivist nature and also that they are in the process of establishing their own welfare states. Japan seems to still be a productivist welfare-state regime struggling to accommodate rapid socio-economic changes, whereas Korea is a welfare state regime with strong liberal characteristics via modern welfare politics. Since the needs for social policy expansion in China correspond to economic and political needs, the productivist feature has been significantly weakened. However, this study argues that these transitory welfare regimes are in critical stages of formulating their new welfare regimes and that welfare politics based on contingent events could affect the future trajectories of these regimes.

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22

Hwang, Jin-Tae. "Escaping the Territorially Trapped East Asian Developmental State Thesis". Professional Geographer 68, n.º 4 (9 de diciembre de 2015): 554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2015.1103657.

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23

Byongkyun Na. "A Study on the Applicability of East Asian Welfare State Discourse to the Development of Korean Welfare State(Regime)". Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies 41, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2010): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.16999/kasws.2010.41.3.5.

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Kwon, Huck-ju. "The reform of the developmental welfare state in East Asia". International Journal of Social Welfare 18 (18 de marzo de 2009): S12—S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2009.00655.x.

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Walker, Alan y Chack-Kie Wong. "Rethinking the Western Construction of the Welfare State". International Journal of Health Services 26, n.º 1 (enero de 1996): 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/0l9e-j9eq-glwh-t9wh.

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This article employs case studies of China and Hong Kong to question the western ethnocentric construction of the welfare state that predominates in comparative social policy research. The authors argue that welfare regimes, and particularly the “welfare state,” have been constructed as capitalist-democratic projects and that this has the damaging effect of excluding from analyses not only several advanced capitalist societies in the Asian-Pacific area but also the world's most populous country. If welfare state regimes can only coexist with western political democracies, then China and Hong Kong are excluded automatically. A similar result occurs if the traditional social administration approach is adopted whereby a “welfare state” is defined in terms only of direct state provision. The authors argue that such assumptions are untenable if state welfare is to be analyzed as a universal phenomenon. Instead of being trapped within an ethnocentric welfare statism, what social policy requires is a global political economy perspective that facilitates comparisons of the meaning of welfare and the state's role in producing it north, south, east and west.

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Huck Ju, Kwon, Dong Grami y Moon Hyun Gyung. "Economic Crises and the Welfare State in Korea: Reforms and Future Challenges". Korean Journal of Policy Studies 25, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2010): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps25111.

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"East Asian countries have been hit yet again by economic crisis, this time of a global nature, after having endured the Asian economic crisis of 1997-98. Social protection for the weak in society during the crisis poses a great policy challenge. This paper examines Korea’s social policy responses to these economic crises in the context of the evolution of the welfare state. Faced with the economic crisis of 1997-98, the welfare state was extended and strengthened in terms of coverage and benefits in order to facilitate labor market reform. In the current global economic crisis, social policies such as public assistance and unemployment benefits, together with extra job-retaining measures that the government put into place, have enabled Korea to respond much more effectively to social risks arising from the crisis than it did during the earlier Asian crisis. However, it is imperative for Korea to further strengthen the welfare state, particularly in the areas of social services for children and the elderly, in order to maintain its economic potential in the face of dramatic demographic transitions and changes in family structure that are likely to occur in the future."

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Bolesta, Andrzej. "Post-socialist Myanmar and the East Asian Development Model". Central European Economic Journal 5, n.º 52 (9 de agosto de 2019): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceej-2018-0019.

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Abstract Myanmar has been undergoing a process of post-socialist systemic transformation. During the reform period, its authorities used policy and institutional solutions of the East Asian development model in its post-socialist version, creating foundations for the post-socialist developmental state (PSDS). The concept of the PSDS combines features of a developmental state (DS) and systemic transformation from central planning to market. A developmental state (DS) is considered to be an ideological and conceptual basis for the state’s economic policy and institutional and systemic arrangements that resulted in spectacular developmental achievements of some of the East Asian economies in the second half of the 20th century. Post-socialist transformation is considered the most multi-layered and complicated process of systemic reformulation, which took place at the end of the 20th and the beginning of 21st centuries. The article describes the process of building a PSDS in Myanmar. In economic policy, the authorities have focused on the industrialisation through the development of an export production base. Nevertheless, access to the internal market has often been restricted for foreign entities. Planning through a state planning agency remains a key tool in the formulation of a development strategy. In addition, systemic reforms have been gradual rather than radical (a shock therapy).

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Evans, Peter B. "The Future of Developmental State". Korean Journal of Policy Studies 4 (31 de diciembre de 1989): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps04006.

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While state involvement is blamed for stagnation and economic disarray in most regions of the Third World, it has become fashionable in the last ten years to give the East Asian state credit for playing a positive economic role. Amsden (1979) argued that Taiwan was not the model market economy portrayed by its American advisors nor the exemplar of dependence portrayed by its detractors, but a successful case of etatisme. Even observers with a neoclassical bent(e.g. Jones and Sakong, 1980) recognized the central role of the state in Korea's rapid industrialization. Increasingly, these states were labeled "developmental states" and held up as models to be emulated by other aspiring Third World nations.

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Yuda, Tauchid Komara. "Reappraisal of the political approach on East Asian welfare state development: the case of childcare expansion in South Korea". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 40, n.º 7/8 (18 de mayo de 2020): 677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-03-2020-0056.

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PurposePolitical analyses of the East Asian welfare state development often stress the importance of the power resource model, in which vibrant coalitions between the leftist party, interest groups, civil society and working-class unions have become driving factors in producing generous welfare outcomes. Challenging such analyses, this article discusses the convergence of the political attitude between political actors who are increasingly homogeneous (supportive) when it comes to the universal welfare state notion by focussing on childcare in South Korea.Design/methodology/approachBy using desk review of the peer-reviewed literature and reports, this article investigates the causation for why political parties with different political ideologies were keen on extending childcare programs and its outcome in addressing the existing demographic problems in Korea.FindingsAlthough the collective movement, especially in the 1990s and 2000s, had given important contributions to the early development of childcare in South Korea, more breakthroughs in childcare features were precisely and rapidly developed after politicians from different spectrums of political affiliations converged in their supportive attitude of the universal welfare. The driving factors of political convergence itself are not merely due to electoral competition or political activism; furthermore, it can be linked to the increased global institution involvement in domestic policy with extensive permeability, which, have ruined domestic policy development maintained for ideological reasoning and bring in more popular policy setting.Originality/valueThis article contributes to the growing literature on the political aspect of East Asian social policy studies, which goes beyond the traditional power resource analysis and makes a novel contribution to the childcare policy studies.

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Song, Ho Keun. "The Birth of a Welfare State in Korea: The Unfinished Symphony of Democratization and Globalization". Journal of East Asian Studies 3, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2003): 405–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800001582.

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Globalization pressured a rebirth of the state in Korea, but in an unexpected direction. Whereas the welfare state retrenched in Western Europe under pressures of the borderless global economy, the Korean state reinvented itself into the guardian of public welfare. That regime shift occurred when the “Asian crisis” struck in 1997 to end the developmental state's way of growth. Previously, the state channeled subsidized bank loans to the chaebol firms (monopolistic conglomerates in strategic industries) and the chaebol company welfare to its workforce in order to secure industrial peace in strategic growth sectors. This de facto class bargain, partly forced by the developmental state and chaebol firms and partly prodded by organized labor, crumbled with the Asian crisis. No longer too big to fail, the chaebol firms plunged into downsizing and restructuring in order to raise profitability, thus precipitating a profound social crisis. The rules and norms of lifetime employment and promotion by seniority gestated during Park Chung Hee's authoritarian rule (1961–1979), and labor's acquiescence—if not consent—to the chaebol-led hypergrowth strategy collapsed as the crisis damaged a third of Korea's top thirty business conglomerates in 1997 and 1998.

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31

Stubbs, Richard. "The East Asian developmental state and the Great Recession: evolving contesting coalitions". Contemporary Politics 17, n.º 2 (junio de 2011): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2011.565983.

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Stubbs, Richard. "What ever happened to the East Asian Developmental State? The unfolding debate". Pacific Review 22, n.º 1 (20 de febrero de 2009): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512740802650971.

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33

Lin, Yei-Whei. "Rural Pension Politics in Taiwan: The Institutional Explanation and Implications for East Asian Agricultural Welfare Development". Asian Journal of Social Science 41, n.º 6 (12 de febrero de 2014): 600–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341324.

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AbstractIn East Asia, until recently, pension demands emerging from the rural sector have been neglected by many governments. In order to further the nascent scholarship in this field, this paper selects Taiwan’s case for analysis. More specifically, after conducting an historical institutional study of policy evolution over the last two decades it is found that in spite of depeasantization the interplay between rural income deficiencies, electoral interests and the feedback impacts of introduced programs has led to rural pension expansion. However, clientelistic pension politics is now being challenged by the government chiefly because it is uneconomical and has constituted the major obstruction to more programmatic reform acts being contemplated by state pension bureaucrats. Finally, regarding further policy debates on this sector-specific welfare provision Taiwan’s case raises a series of theoretical implications concerning East Asian agricultural welfare during the post-agricultural era.

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Mamogale, Majuta Judas. "Building a Democratic Developmental State in Post-Colonial Africa: South Africa at the Glance". African Review 47, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2020): 175–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1821889x-12340008.

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Abstract Failures of neo-liberalism in Africa through Structural Adjustment Program in the 1980s and 1990s compelled many post-colonial African states to seek alternative growth models to transform and grow their economies. Inspired by the economic success of Asian region, South Africa seeks to replicate the Asian developmental model to transform and industrialise its economy. Reviewing only the literature, the paper found that despite displaying so many similarities with East and South Asian developmental states, the rhetoric for the replication of the Asian developmental state model in South Africa works like a pendulum thus adopting a topsy-turvy approach. The notion of a developmental state is elevated through policy pronouncement and government commitments through the medium term and long-term strategic frameworks for the country. Despite displaying so many similarities with Asian developmental states, affixing the label of a developmental state onto the country by South Africans themselves is not going to make it one.

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Kim, Changwook. "Locating creative city policy in East Asia: neoliberalism, developmental state and assemblage of East Asian cities". International Journal of Cultural Policy 23, n.º 3 (2 de junio de 2015): 312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2015.1048242.

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Polidano, Charles. "Don't Discard State Autonomy: Revisiting the East Asian Experience of Development". Political Studies 49, n.º 3 (agosto de 2001): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00324.

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Rapid East Asian economic growth was commonly credited to the existence of strong, autonomous developmental states. Subsequently a new ‘institutionalist’ school of thought emerged which argued that an effective state must be connected to civil society, not autonomous from it, and which reinterpreted East Asian development in these terms. This paper is a critical reappraisal of the institutionalist school. The evidence of state autonomy (seen in relativistic rather than absolute, either-or terms) in East Asia's recent history is too great to be ignored. And since some institutionalists themselves acknowledge autonomy as a necessary foundation for developmentally effective relationships with civil society, we should recognize autonomy as a potentially important element of state capacity. State autonomy remains an important analytical concept that deserves the attention of scholars.

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Silva, Roberta Rodrigues Marques da y Rafael Shoenmann de Moura. "Redesign or demise of old Developmental States? East Asia in the post-financial crisis of 2008". Brazilian Journal of Political Economy 40, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2020): 689–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572020-3140.

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ABSTRACT This article investigates comparatively the recent developmental dynamics of four East Asian political economies: Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and China. We analyze how the critical juncture engendered by the systemic crisis of the US subprime impacted on its State capabilities, particularly regarding industrial policy, being mediated by the respective regulatory and institutional frameworks. Additionally, we compare the impacts of the 2008 crisis and the previous Asian regional crisis of 1997. Our findings indicate that State capabilities, associated to the historical construction of a Developmental State, were a central feature to understand the resilience of each political economy.

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Chen, Wei y Shu Keng. "The Chinese developmental state in transition: in light of the East Asian experiences". Journal of Chinese Governance 2, n.º 2 (3 de abril de 2017): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2017.1311506.

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Hwang, Gyu-Jin. "Explaining Welfare State Adaptation in East Asia: The Cases of Japan, Korea and Taiwan". Asian Journal of Social Science 40, n.º 2 (2012): 174–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853112x640134.

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Abstract A growing volume of literature suggests that the countries in North-east Asia are defying the productivist logic that has underpinned their welfare state regime. This article aims to unfold the developmental trajectory of welfare states in Japan, Korea and Taiwan. By combining structural accounts and political explanations of social policy reform, it discusses continuity and changes in the role of social policy over a stretched period of time. It then argues that although there has been significant change made to social policy in the region, structural conditions and the politics of expansion associated with them are yet to amount to a shift in the core foundation of their welfare production logic. The market-conforming role of social policy in East Asia has been persistent and, paradoxically, this explains their resilience against the forces of economic liberalisation.

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40

DOLING, JOHN y RICHARD RONALD. "Meeting the income needs of older people in East Asia: using housing equity". Ageing and Society 32, n.º 3 (12 de mayo de 2011): 471–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x11000298.

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ABSTRACTIn the welfare systems of East Asian countries, the income, care and other needs of older people have traditionally been met less by state social protection measures and more by the family, supported by what might be termed the first homeownership strategy: widening access to home ownership as a physical, emotional and financial basis of family wellbeing. Recent political, economic and demographic developments, however, have undermined this model. Examining policy responses in the three most advanced East Asian economies, Japan, Singapore and South Korea, but also with reference to Taiwan, the paper identifies common tendencies in the ways in which the ability to use home ownership has been strengthened. As a second strategy, home ownership has been used to reduce geographical constraints on family support, while, as a third strategy, governments have introduced mechanisms through which older people are able to realise some or all of the equity they have built up through the housing market. These mechanisms include, moving down market or even converting to a rental solution, as well as forms of reverse-mortgage products, some available through private financial institutions and some involving state-organised and state-operated devices.

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JOO, JAEHYUN. "Explaining Social Policy Adoption in South Korea: the Cases of the Medical Insurance Law and the Minimum Wage Law". Journal of Social Policy 28, n.º 3 (junio de 1999): 387–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004727949900567x.

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Although policy priority has always been on economic management in East Asian countries, those countries also developed some notable social policies. However, explanations for the development of social policies in those countries have been relatively underdeveloped compared to those of their economic management policies. This study adds to our understanding of the social policy development in East Asia by examining two cases of social policy adoption in South Korea – the Medical Insurance Law and the Minimum Wage Law. This Korean case study shows a pattern of policy development primarily driven by particular ‘interests’ (state elites' perceived political survival needs and their reputation in international society), with ‘environmental’ factors and ‘policy legacies’ playing a supplementary role. In particular, these policies are interpreted as anticipatory concessions to moderate members of Korean society by the state elites who aimed to stabilise their regimes by separating radicals from moderates. In addition, the medical insurance scheme is understood as a by-product of the competition between the South and North Korean regimes. This study also draws our attention to such issues as the similarities and differences between the East Asian welfare regimes and the change and continuity in the development of social policies in East Asia.

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Tso, Chen-Dong. "State-Technologist Nexus in Taiwan's High-Tech Policymaking: Semiconductor and Wireless Communications Industries". Journal of East Asian Studies 4, n.º 2 (agosto de 2004): 301–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800001855.

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The literature on East Asia's political economies identifies cohesive state bureaucracy and its effective intervention in the market as the key factors that have enabled the East Asian economic miracle and that differentiate the success of East Asian newly industrializing countries (NICs) from the failure of other developing countries. However, the sharply diverging growth trajectories of the Taiwanese semiconductor and wireless communications industries show that cohesive state bureaucracy and its effective intervention are not the generic trait of the Taiwanese developmental state, repeatedly found across industries and through time. On the contrary, the scope, depth, and coherence of state intervention are a variable rather than a constant. The semiconductor industry had an activist state promoting its growth from its very inception, whereas the wireless communications industry has failed to acquire consistent state support. Explaining the variation of state intervention requires not only an analysis of the state apparatus but also a study of its institutional links to the industry. This article develops an institutional explanation of the Taiwanese state's differing roles in promoting the semiconductor and wireless communications industries, but it differentiates itself from the existing literature of the developmental state and network theories by privileging the role of overseas technologists in influencing the scope, depth, and coherence of state intervention in two industries.

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Huff, W. G., G. Dewit y C. Oughton. "Credibility and Reputation Building in the Developmental State: A Model with East Asian Applications". World Development 29, n.º 4 (abril de 2001): 711–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(00)00118-2.

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Karagiannis, Nikolaos. "Towards a Caribbean Developmental State Framework: The Challenge of the East Asian Strategic Approach". Iberoamericana – Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies 33, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2003): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/ibero.378.

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Yeung, Henry Wai-chung. "Rethinking the East Asian developmental state in its historical context: finance, geopolitics and bureaucracy". Area Development and Policy 2, n.º 1 (12 de diciembre de 2016): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23792949.2016.1264868.

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46

Chu, Yun-han. "State structure and economic adjustment of the East Asian newly industrializing countries". International Organization 43, n.º 4 (1989): 647–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300034470.

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An analysis of the economic adjustment policies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan during the 1970s and 1980s shows that these East Asian newly industrializing countries (NICs), which faced common problems in sustaining their recent industrial growth, responded to the challenge with industrial adjustment strategies that differed in their degree of intensity of state involvement and emphasis on national control. To explain this divergence in adjustment strategies, the article explores the variations in the national political structures of the four NICs and focuses particularly on three aspects of state structure: the organization of the economic bureaucracy, the institutional links between the state and private sector, and the larger state-society relations. The article demonstrates the usefulness of moving beyond the generalizations of the “developmental state” view by carefully disaggregating these aspects of state structure and by exploring the ordering logic that gives coherence to them.

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Dongsoo Kim. "Globalization and Welfare State in the East Asian Developing Countries: A Comparative Study of South Korea and Taiwan". 21st centry Political Science Review 21, n.º 2 (septiembre de 2011): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17937/topsr.21.2.201109.109.

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Kim, P. H. "The East Asian welfare state debate and surrogate social policy: an exploratory study on Japan and South Korea". Socio-Economic Review 8, n.º 3 (9 de marzo de 2010): 411–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwq003.

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Yun, Chunji. "International Production Networks and the Role of the State: Lessons from East Asian Developmental Experience". European Journal of Development Research 15, n.º 1 (junio de 2003): 170–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09578810312331287425.

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Kim, Soon-Yang. "The East Asian Developmental State and its Economic and Social Policies: The Case of Korea". International Review of Public Administration 12, n.º 2 (enero de 2007): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12294659.2008.10805106.

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