Tesis sobre el tema "Dynamique faisceaux"
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DUPERRIER, ROMUALD. "Dynamique de faisceaux intenses dans les rfq". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112231.
Texto completoVARENNE, FRANCK. "Neutralisation de la charge d'espace du faisceau d'electrons du refroidisseur electronique de lear. Dynamique de faisceaux d'electrons denses". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF21746.
Texto completoThouroude, Daniel. "Contribution a l'etude de quelques phenomenes non lineaires en dynamique des faisceaux". Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN10075.
Texto completoThouroude, Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude de quelques phénomènes non linéaires en dynamique des faisceaux". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610421n.
Texto completoBlanco, Oscar. "Dynamique des faisceaux dans la section finale de focalisation du futur collisionneur linéaire". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112108/document.
Texto completoThe exploration of new physics in the “Tera electron-Volt” (TeV) scale with precision measurements requires lepton colliders providing high luminosities to obtain enough statistics for the particle interaction analysis. In order to achieve design luminosity values, linear colliders feature nanometer beam spot sizes at the Interaction Point (IP).Three main issues to achieve the beam size demagnification in the Final Focus Section (FFS) of the accelerator are the chromaticity correction, the synchrotron radiation effects and the correction of the lattice errors.This thesis considers two aspects for linear colliders: push the limits of linear colliders design, in particular the chromaticity correction and the radiation effects at 3 TeV, and the instrumentation and experimental work on beam stabilization in a test facility.A new chromaticity correction scheme, called non-interleaved, is proposed to the local and non-local chromaticity corrections for CLIC. This lattice is designed and diagnosed, where the main issue in the current state of lattice design is the non-zero second order dispersion in the Final Doublet (FD) region where a strong sextupole is used to correct the remaining geometrical components.The radiation effect can be evaluated by tracking particles through the lattice or by analytical approximations during the design stage of the lattices. In order to include both, radiation and optic parameters, during the design optimization process, two particular radiation phenomena are reviewed: the Oide effect and the radiation caused by bending magnets .The analytical result of the radiation in bending magnets in was generalized to the case with non-zero alpha and non-zero dispersion at the IP, required during the design and luminosity optimization process. The closed solution for one dipole and one dipole with a drift is compared with the tracking code PLACET, resulting in the improvement of the tracking code results.The Oide effect sets a limit on the vertical beamsize due to the radiation in the final quadrupole. Only for CLIC 3 TeV this limit is significant, therefore two possibilities are explored to mitigate its contribution to beam size: double the length and reduce the QD0 gradient, or the integration of a pair of octupoles before and after QD0.Part of the requirements of the FFS for new linear accelerators are tested in The Accelerator Test Facility (ATF). The beam size reduction using the local chromaticity correction is explored by an extension of the original design, called ATF2 with two goals: achieve 37 nm of vertical beam size at the IP, and the stabilization of the IP beam position at the level of few nanometres. Since 2014 beam size of 44 nm are achieved as a regular basis at charges of about 0.1 × 10^10 particules per bunch.A set of three cavities (IPA, IPB and IPC), two upstream and one downstream of the nominal IP and on top of separate blocks of piezo-electric movers, were installed and are used to measure the beam trajectory in the IP region, thus providing enough information to reconstruct the bunch position and angle at the IP. These will be used to for beam stabilization and could detect beam drift/jitter beyond the tolerable margin and undetected optics mismatch affecting the beam size measurements. The specifications required of 1 nm resolution over 10 μm dynamic range at 1.0 × 10 10 particules per bunch with the ATF2 nominal optics have not been yet achieved.The minimum resolution achieved is just below 50 nm at 0.4 × 10^10 particules per bunch with a set of electronics impossing a noise limit on resolution of 10 nm per cavity. The dynamic range is 10 μm at 10 dB attenuation and 0.4 × 10^10 particules per bunch, indicating the need to upgrade theelectronics. The integration to the ATF tuning instruments is ongoing. Nonetheless, feedback has been tested resulting in reduction of beam jitterdown to 67 nm, compatible with resolution
Jaouadi, Amine. "Dynamique d'atomes froids dans des potentiels optiques façonnés". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112242.
Texto completoLn this thesis, at first we present a realistic theoretical model for generating shaped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of a dilute atomic system, employing blue detuned Laguerre-Gauss (LG) laser beams. Such laser beams have modes which show anode in the center, and trap the atoms in a cylindrical geometry around the axis of propagation of the beam. We study the effect of changing the azimuthal index of the optical potential generated by these beams. One-dimensional (cigar-shape), two-dimensional (disk-shape) and three-dimensional (cylindrical-shape) condensate geometries are explored. We then present an analysis of the BEC growth dynamics, using the quantum kinetic theory. Our study shows that, for a fixed volume of the trap, the temperature of condensation increases substantially and the growth duration decreases significantly with the azimuthal index of the LG beam. Then we present another aspect of the study of the dynamics of a BEC falling in the gravity field in the presence of two crossing dipoles guides. We study the deflexion of the BEC by solving the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We explore the possibilities of optimization of this device and present results obtained in the case of low temperature dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
Ben, Ismail Ahmed. "Etude des effets transitoires de la compensation de charge d'espace sur la dynamique d'un faisceau intense". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112114.
Texto completoA main interest in the design of ion accelerators is the control of the dynamics of intense beams at low energy. This dynamics is dominated by nonlinear effects of the Space Charge (SC) field. This SC field induces a halo formation what can induce losses along the transport. Once ionized by the beam, the residual gas, diffused by the source and produced by the desorption of the vacuum chamber of the accelerator, contributes to the production of electrons and ions. According to their sign of charge compared to the beam, these particles will be repelled or confined. The accumulation of particles in the beam contributes to the compensation of the SC field. However, this neutralization induces others non linearity which are dependent on time. This thesis presents an experimental and theoretical work of the SC compensation for ion beams (H + and H -). The dynamics of these beams is modelled by a new PIC code, CARTAGO, ensuring the coupling between the created plasma and the studied beams. A single-particle study introduces the dynamics of the plasma in presence of the SC field and of an external magnetic field. The modelization of the compensation with the 1D version of CARTAGO code gave the establishment times and the compensation degrees for several cases of beams and various gas pressures. The compensation of a protons beam was studied more particularly in the low-energy line of the Injector of Protons of High Intensity (IPHI) at Saclay. Experimental confrontations of the 2D (r,z) modelization results in a part of this line are also detailed
Brunelle, Pascale. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des faisceaux dans l'anneau VUV super-ACO". Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA077181.
Texto completoSince raid 1987, Super-ACO, the Orsay VUV storage ring is operational. The fourth undulator has been recently installed and 14 beam lines can provide photon beams to 23 experiments. Simultaneously, beam dynamic studies and performance improvements are on the way. This work deals with two crucial points for satisfactory operation. A systematic theoretical and experimental study of the dynamic aperture has clearly shown the drastic effect of third and fourth order resonances excited respectively by sextupoles and undulators. A new optimization of two sextupole families has reduced the effect of the most dangerous third order resonance and then the injection rate was increased. Moreover the choice of a working point far away from fourth order resonances provides a satisfactory beam lifetime for users. In a second part, we tried to calculate the Super-ACO vacuum chamber impedance in order to compare it to the measured value deduced from experiments with the beam. The impedance characterizes the interaction between the bunch and the vacuum chamber. Its value defines the thresholds of collective effects such as bunch lengthening and transverse instability. The use of the TBCI code requires a specific modelisation of each part of the vacuum chamber in order to obtain a cylindrical symmetry. The Broad Band Resonator has been chosen as the impedance model to fit the numerical results. The comparison with the experimental value shows the limits and the accuracy of this method
Ghanem, Naïma. "Dynamique de réactions d' atomes réfractaires étudiées au moyen de faisceaux moléculaires supersoniques croisés pulsés". Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR10513.
Texto completoPélissier, Jean-Luc. "Automatisation d'une station de test par faisceau d'électrons : localisation dynamique de fautes". Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20269.
Texto completoAlghoraibi, Ibrahim. "Croissance et nanostructures inAs sur substrats InP pour les applications lasers à 1,55 µm en télécommunications optiques". Rennes, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAR0031.
Texto completoIn recent years, large interest has been devoted to quantum dot and quantum wire lasers. The main motivation of these research works is the expected improvements of the 1,55 µm emitting laser performances. The work reported in this manuscript concerns InAs nanostructures grown on InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Two types of lasers have been studied. They are based respectively on InAs/GaInAsP quantum dash formed on InP(100) and InAs/AlGaInAs quantum dots grown on InP(311)B substrates. After nanostructure formation studies and optimizations, quantum dashes based laser emitting at room temperature with threshold current density of 375 A/cm2 have been achieved on InP (100) substrates. On (311)B substrates, QD lasers working up to 212 K have fabricated. In this laser, a large decrease of the threshold current from 110 to 140 K is observed. Complementary experiments show that the negative T0 regime can be related to a delayed thermalisation of carriers within quantum dot ensemble
Gallart, Mathieu. "Dynamique de recombinaison excitonique dans les puits quantiques GaN/AlGaN". Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20091.
Texto completoDiaz, Luque Julia. "Dynamique dans un réseau optique conservatif". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10047/document.
Texto completoOptical lattices are structures created by the interference of laser beams, which make it possible to trap and arrange cold atoms. They have become a model system for several domains in physics, because it is possible to simulate other systems by changing the lattice geometry and its parameters. These characteristics are easy to modify experimentally. In particular, it is possible to obtain conservative optical lattices. In this thesis, we study the dynamics of an atom trapped in a 2D conservative optical lattice. The dynamics of the atom depends on the parameters of the lattice, and it is often complex. In consequence, this thesis is at the interface between the domains of cold atoms and non-linear dynamics. The study of the dynamics in the optical lattice needs to be done firstly in the classical limit. We examine in the first place the solutions to the movement equations obtained by numerical integration, for the different configurations of the system. They show a big variety of possible dynamical regimes. Amongst these regimes we find synchronization phenomena leading to a periodic movement locked in frequency. Synchronization seems to inhibit chaos in the system. The main solutions obtained numerically are also studied analytically. This approach allows us to obtain a description of the movement for the different dynamical regimes observed. All these regimes are easy to reproduce experimentally and the influence of synchronization on the existence of chaos needs to be studied. Additionally, this classical analysis serves as a basis for studying the system in the quantum limit
Benseddik-Bencheqroune, Asmae. "Etude de la dynamique des réactions de l'aluminium avec O₂, CO₂ et SO₂ au moyen de faisceaux moléculaires supersoniques croisés pulsés". Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10525.
Texto completoValette, Matthieu. "Etudes de dynamique faisceau pour les accélérateurs IFMIF". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS242/document.
Texto completoAs part of the Broader Approach to Fusion concluded between Japan and Europe, the IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility) project was launched for the study of future fusion materials resisting intense neutron fluxes. A major component of it is the couple of twin high power accelerators (2 × 5 MW) which will produce the neutron flux by bombarding a Lithium target with a deuterium beam at an energy of 40 MeV. Considering these ambitious specifications, a first phase called EVEDA (Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activity) is ongoing to provide the design and construction of an up to scale prototype accelerator to an energy of 9 MeV in Japan. The work of this thesis belongs to the field of Accelerators Physics. It consists of beam dynamics studies for the prototype accelerator LIPAc, characterized by unprecedented current and power, thereby requiring outstanding beam quality. The characteristics of this accelerator, makes many studies and simulations for all stages of its commissioning required. Concurrently, background studies on core-halo interactions and on the effects of space charge on high current beams will also be conducted. In particular a new definition of the halo of a particle beam, adapted to the study of these accelerators will be proposed and implemented
White, Simon. "Determination of the absolute luminosity at the LHC". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112145.
Texto completoFor particle colliders, the most important performance parameters are the beam energy and the luminosity. High energies allow the particle physics experiments to study and observe new effects. The luminosity describes the ability of the collider to produce the required number of useful interactions or events. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was designed to produce proton proton collisions at a center of mass energy of 14 TeV. This energy is the highest ever reached in a particle accelerator. The knowledge and understanding of particIe physics at such high energy is based on simulations and theoretical predictions. As opposed to electron positron colliders, for which the Bhabba scattering cross section can be accurately calculated and used for luminosity calibration, there are no processes with well known cross section and sufficiently high production rate to be directly used for the purpose of luminosity calibration in the early operation of the LHC. The luminosity can also be expressed as a function of the numbers of charges per beam and the beam sizes at the interaction point. Using this relation the absolute luminosity can be determined from machine parameters. The determination of the absolute luminosity from machine parameters is an alternative to the cross section based calibration and provides complementary information to the fragmentation model. Ln the LHC, it was proposed to use the method developed by S. Van Der Meer at the ISR to provide a luminosity calibration based on machine parameters to the physics experiments during the first year of operation. This thesis presents how this method was implemented and performed for the first time in the LHC to optimize and calibrate the luminosity. Additional beam dynamics and optics studies and measurements performed at the RHIC collider will also be presented
Piot, Philippe. "Diagnostics pour faisceaux d'électrons à forte brillance et leurs applications à la dynamique de faisceau dans un laser à électrons libres supraconducteur avec système de récupération d'énergie". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10135.
Texto completoCatterou, Thomas. "Etude numérique et expérimentale du comportement dynamique non linéaire d'un réseau de tubes avec jeux : application aux faisceaux d'aiguilles combustibles RNR". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0443/document.
Texto completoUnderstanding of phenomena taking place in a structure with multiple clearances is an industrial challenge. The fuel pellets in the SFR (Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor) prototype ASTRID are enclosed in small and long pins which form a bundle inside a hexagonal assembly. The assessment of stresses in the pins during dynamic loadings is essential for the safety studies of the project. Experimental tests on the test bed CARNAC have been conducted to understand the dynamical behavior of fuel pin with their pellets. Then a numerical model has been chosen to simulate the release of an assembly against a stop. The difficulty is to simulate the dynamical behavior of a structure with a huge number of internal contacts. Numerical method has been validated on a basic problem with a reference semi-analytical method. Simplified models of the pin bundle are created to understand dynamical phenomena of a multicontact system. Then, the whole assembly is modeled. Sub-structuring to accelerate computation and a precise contact law representative of the pin to pin contacts are used. Displacements, energy and contacts force are analyzed with or without clearance. Numerical results are confronted to a previous experiment made in the CEA and provide a very good fit. The average kinetic behavior of assembly is well approximated by a beam structure, if pins are linked. Contact forces are well assess with conservatism using simplified model of a pin row
M'Garrech, Slah. "Utilisation de faisceaux d'électrons pour la production des noyaux radioactifs par photo-fission". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007094.
Texto completoPonton, A. "Étude de la dynamique des faisceaux dans l'accélérateur primaire d'EURISOL et de ses cavités supraconductrices de type « triple spoke »". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00546137.
Texto completoCoacolo, Jean-Louis. "Etude de la dynamique de faisceaux courts d'électrons en début de ligne accélératrice du laser à électrons libres ELSA". Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10133.
Texto completoPonton, Aurélien. "Etude de la dynamique des faisceaux dans l'accélérateur primaire d'EURISOL et de ses cavités supraconductrices de type "triple spoke"". Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112115.
Texto completoEURISOL will be the next generation source of intense radioactive ion beams. Its accelerator complex consists of a driver linac, a set of targets and sources and a post-accelerator linac which aims at supplying different experimental areas with the exotic ions. The presented study deals with the driver accelerator: a superconducting RF linac capable of accelerating different ion kinds (D + , 3 He2+ and H − ) up to a maxi- mal power of 4 MW. First beam dynamics studies pointed out a very good acceleration efficiency when triple spoke cavities working at a frequency of 352 MHz are used in the medium energy part (0. 2 < beta < 0. 4). Thanks to a novel geometry, the electromagnetic design of the proposed cavity leads to 33 MV/m and 72 mT for the peak electric field and magnetic induction respectively at an ambitious accelerating field of 8 MV/m. The beam transport was then simulated and optimized in the original layout and calculations were also performed considering an alternative, periodic solution, for the low energy part. The “all-periodic” linac keeps the beam qualities better by strongly reducing the emittance growth and the halo formation
Plassard, Fabien. "Optics optimization of longer L* Beam Delivery System designs for CLIC and tuning of the ATF2 final focus system at ultra-low β* using octupoles". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS122/document.
Texto completoThe future machines considered to carry out high precision physics in the TeV energy regime are electron-positron (e+e−) linear colliders. Future linear colliders feature nanometer beam spot sizes at the Interaction Point. The Beam Delivery System (BDS) transports the e + and e− beams from the exit of the linacs to the IP by performing the critical functions required to meet the CLIC luminosity goal such as beam collimation and focusing. The beam is focused through the Final Focus System while correcting higher order transport aberrations in order to deliver the design IP beam sizes. The chromatic contributions are amplified by the focusing strength of the two last quadrupoles named QD0 and QF1, reffered to as the Final Doublet (FD), and by the length of the final focal distance L* between QD0 and the IP. The chromaticity correction approach chosen for the CLIC FFS is based on the Local chromaticity correction scheme which uses interleaved pairs of sextupole magnets in the FD region in order to locally and simultaneously correct horizontal and vertical chromaticity. The current linear collider projects, the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC) have FFS lattices based on the Local Chromaticity correction scheme. This scheme is being tested in the Accelerator Test Facility 2 (ATF2) at KEK (Japan). This thesis concentrates on problems related to the optimization of BDS lattices for the simplification of the CLIC Machine Detector Interface (MDI) and on the experimental work for the implementation and study of a CLIClike FFS optics for the ATF2, referred to as ultra-low β* optics
Chefdeville, Simon. "Dynamique de collisions moléculaires à très basse énergie : mise en évidence expérimentale de résonances quantiques". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0340/document.
Texto completoTheoretical calculations predict that the dynamics of rotational excitation of CO or O2molecules, induced by collisions with H2, are dominated by quantum scatteringresonances at very low energies. However, experimental observation of these effectsis challenging: very low collision energies and high energy resolution are bothrequired. Experiments performed with a crossed molecular beam apparatus withvariable intersection angle allow us to observe the thresholds of the CO (j = 0 1)transition at 3.85 cm-1 and the O2 (Nj = 10 11) transition at 3.96 cm-1, whichcorrespond to the average kinetic energy of a gas below 4 K. The peaks in theintegral cross section’s collision energy dependence constitute the first experimentalobservation of resonances in an inelastic process. The good agreement betweentheory and experiment reinforces the confidence in the interaction potentials used todeduce rate coefficients for modeling the interstellar medium in the 1-20 K range. Ourexperimental results highlight the quantum nature of molecular interactions at verylow energies
Benseddik, Asmae. "Etude de la dynamique des réactions de l'aluminium avec O, CO et SO au moyen de faisceaux moléculaires supersoniques croisés pulsés". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611772m.
Texto completoVinatier, Thomas. "Influence des paramètres du laser sur la dynamique des paquets courts d’électrons relativistes dans des accélérateurs linéaires basés sur des canons RF et développement de diagnostics associés". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112195/document.
Texto completoIn several applications, quasi-relativistic sub-ps electron bunches are required: Laser-plasma acceleration, Free electron lasers, Generation of intense THz radiation, Study of ultra-fast phenomena in matter… The short nature of the bunch and the necessity of a high peak current for the applications imply strong space-charge forces leading to a degradation of beam properties, as its transverse emittance and duration. The main difficulty is to characterize, model and take into account these effects. My thesis falls within this context through the study of dynamics and diagnostics related to these short bunches, namely whose rms duration is not directly measurable by an electronic method locating the border at a few tens of picoseconds. The chapter 2 consists in the measurements of several properties of these bunches: charge, transverse emittance and duration. The originality of my work is that I use simple methods, both on the theoretical (analytical at maximum) and technological (using only common elements of electron accelerators) point of view. These methods, more suitable for less extreme bunches, allow however obtaining very good results. I especially developed a method of charge measurement from the measurement of the light intensity emitted by a scintillating screen following the interaction with an electron beam. This method allows precisely measuring charges lower than 100fC. This is better than the capabilities of classical diagnostics (ICT and Faraday Cup) limited to the picocoulomb because of electronic noise. This method is useful since the short bunches are often low-charged to minimize the effects of space-charge forces. It will also be used for detectors calibration, which requires low charges. I also adapt multiparametric methods to measure the transverse emittance and duration of electron bunches. These indirect methods allow determining these properties from the measurement of other more accessible properties: the transverse dimensions for the transverse emittance and the energy spread for the duration. The duration measurement (3-phase method) gives very good results, since it allows determining with accuracy better than 10% rms durations lower than one picosecond. The emittance measurement without taking into account the space-charge forces in the modeling gives mixed results, since the accuracy is from 20% (3-gradients method) to more than 100% (3-screens method). A significant accuracy improvement, up to a factor of 5, can be obtained by taking the space-charge forces into account through a beam envelop equation, which constitutes the originality of my work. The chapter 3 consists in the comparison of the properties of short electron beams, single or longitudinally modulated, generated by three different methods: Injection of a short or longitudinally modulated laser pulse in an RF-gun; Magnetic compression in a chicane; RF-compression in an accelerating structure (Velocity Bunching). I particularly shown that, at equal conditions of charge, the generation of short bunches thanks to a short laser pulse driven an RF-gun is disadvantageous, both from the beam duration and transverse emittance point of view, with respect to a magnetic or RF compression of an already accelerated beam. This is explained by the more important space-charge forces just after the beam emission by the photocathode. It also consists in the development and test of analytical models for longitudinal beam dynamics. I developed a longitudinal transfer matrix for RF-gun, starting from a Kim-like model. This model has been compared with several measurements performed at PITZ and PHIL and shown to be accurate on the energy and temporal aspects, but not on the energy spread aspect. I also developed an analytical model of the velocity bunching phenomenon in travelling wave accelerating structures, starting from a simple model developed by P. Piot
Habet, Sami. "Concept of a polarized positron source for CEBAF". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASP170.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the development of polarized and unpolarized positronbeams for the future experimental program in hadronic physics at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The primary challenge is to produce high-duty-cycle and high-intensity polarized positron beams. The JLab positron source, which is based on the PEPPo (Polarized Electrons for Polarized Positrons) technique, aims to use a high-intensity (1 mA) and highly polarized (90%) continuous electron beam of moderate energy (120 MeV) to produce either a low intensity (>100nA), highly polarized (60%) positron beam or a high intensity (>3 μA), unpolarized positron beam.The optimization of the layout and performance of the positron source is examined in this thesis. The source is designed with a specialized second injector to generate, transport, accelerate, and shape positron beams. It is compatible with acceleration at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF), and the investigation results are presented in this document
Morel, Aurélien. "Dynamique de recombinaison électron-trou dans les puits et les boites quantiques InGaN / (Al)GaN". Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20063.
Texto completoParmentier, François. "Corrélations Hanbury-Brown et Twiss aux temps courts de faisceaux monoélectroniques dans les conducteurs balistiques". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00556458.
Texto completoBouallegue, Kaïs. "Contribution à la radio intelligente à forte mobilité : adaptation spectrale et allocation dynamique des ressources". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0023.
Texto completoThe main objectives of railway operators are to increase safety, reduce operating and maintenance costs, increase attractiveness and profit by offering new services to customers. These objectives will be achieved through a huge increase of data fluxes between existing infrastructure and the technologies currently used on the train. Spectral efficiency, optimization of radio resources, interoperability and reliability of communications are major elements for railway applications. These constraints and the sporadic use of available frequency bands have gave rise to cognitive radio. Cognitive radio is an emerging technology that improves the performance of existing radio systems by integrating artificial intelligence with software radio. A cognitive radio system is defined by its ability to be aware of its radio environment. Indeed, to optimize as much as possible the available spectral opportunities, the cognitive radio device must be able to transmit on free bands while performing a spectrum sensing to not interfere with users having priority on the band and to detect other vacant frequencies. As part of this thesis, we propose to focus on the problem of spectrum detection in a highly mobile environment. Some constraints should be considered, such as speed. Added to this, there are regulatory constraints on detection criteria, such as the IEEE 802.22 WRAN standard, which stipulates that detection of a priority user must be performed at -21 dB within a period of 2 seconds. The objective is therefore to design an intelligent radio terminal in the physical and regulatory conditions of transmission in a railway environment
Bessière-Pacurar, Charlotte. "Compréhension et quantification des mécanismes hydrodynamiques locaux liés à l'aération au sein de faisceaux de fibres creuses immergées". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0041/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is dedicated to better understand the role of aeration to limit fouling onsubmerged hollow fibers membrane fouling, for wastewater treatment industry. Thisstudy uses an innovative experimental setup to perform outside-in filtrationexperiments thanks to several submerged loose hollow fibers organized in confinedbundles. The total membrane area is about 1.2 m2; the configuration of the bundlesis close to the one found in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs). A complex synthetic fluidwith rheological characteristics close to MBRs sludge is used. Different aerationconditions such as the air flowrate, the location of the air injection, the type ofbubbles injected (whether they are coarse or fine bubbles injected in the reactor)were tested and membrane performances were analysed under a low or a ratherhigh flux of filtration. In specific aeration conditions showing a different behaviour interm of fouling, local characterization of the dispersed phase in an air and watersystem was undertaken by optical probes. Gas hold up and both mean and rootmean square bubble velocity profiles were determined and analysed regarding thelocation of air injection, the air flowrate and the type of bubbles. This study helps understanding the link between local hydrodynamics and foulingmechanisms and could lead to input for aeration device design and location in orderto decrease operating costs due to aeration in Membrane Bioreactors technology
Boussaid, Ramzi. "Etude et développement d'un refroidisseur radiofréquence à gaz tampon pour des faisceaux radioactifs de très hautes intensités". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787132.
Texto completoDumancic, Aurore. "Conception et réalisation d'un émittancemètre 4D". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS315.
Texto completoThe emittance is an important characteristic of propagating charged particle beams. It characterizes the spatial and angular distribution of particles. Measuring four-dimensional (xx'yy') emittance would improve knowledge of beam dynamics and the prediction of the beam behavior and transport.The goal of the EMIT4D project is to design and realize an interceptive diagnostic to measure the four-dimensional emittance of low to medium energy, high current proton beams. The innovative nature of this project lies in both its design and its functions. This type of four-dimensional intense beam diagnostics does not exist on the market and the focus has been on the accuracy and versatility of the system. It can be used on many protons injectors to measure four-dimensional emittance with high resolution.The design of this innovative instrument is based on theoretical studies and R&D in many fields such as mechanics, precision optics, cooling and material selection, scintillator and camera performance selection and analysis, development of a control-command program and a data processing program, the implementation of the diagnostics and the comparison with other emittancemeters. A functional prototype has been realized. For the functional validation, the prototype has been tested at its energy limits on the injectors of FAIR and IPHI beams
Gerardin, Frédéric. "Etude de la compensation de charge d'espace dans les lignes basse énergie des accélérateurs d'ions légers de haute intensité". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS001/document.
Texto completoThe study of intense ion beam dynamics in lowenergy beam transport line (LEBT) representsone of the most important challenges inaccelerating sciences. At low energy, it isdominated by the space-charge field created bythe beam itself, which is generally non-linearand can induce halo, emittance growth and beamlosses. But, a ion beam at low energypropagating in a LEBT ionises the residual gas.The particles (ions and electrons) fromionisation are repelled or confined radially bythe space charge field according to their chargesign.Other interactions take place in the LEBT,modifying the beam dynamics and the space chargecompensation time and the space-chargecompensation yield. In order to obtain predictiveand precise results quantitatively, numericalsimulations of beam transport in space-chargecompensation regime with WARP code havebeen realized taking account the most probablephysical interactions. Then, we will discuss theresults with comparisons with experimental dataobtained on the MYRRHA and IFMIF LEBT’s
Pradel, Pierre. "Etude de la compaction dynamique de mousses polymères : Expériences et modélisation". Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0035/document.
Texto completoPolymeric foams are widely used in many industrial applications as thermal insulators, structural materials or shock mitigators. Indeed, they are light weight materials with an excellent weight /stiffness ratio and low production costs. One of the applications which interests the CEA is the protection of structures against mechanical loadings generated by laser irradiation or high velocity impact of small debris.The main objective of this PhD thesis is to investigate the mitigation capability of an expanded polyurethane foam and an epoxy syntactic foam against extremely fast (> 106 s−1) and intense(> 10 GPa) dynamic loadings. Cyclic quasi-static tests and dynamic experiments have been performed to investigate the behavior of these two foams for strain rates ranging from 10−3 to 106 s−1. Analysis of the experimental results shows that these polymeric foams have an elastic behavior phase followed by a compaction phase with significant permanent sets. Compaction thresholds are about 9 MPa for the polyurethane foam and 30 MPa for the epoxy foam under quasi-static loadings and around 21 MPa for the polyurethane foam and 72 MPa for the epoxy foam for strain rates above 104 s−1.Two porous compaction models are developed to represent the macroscopic behavior of these foams for such strain rates. The parameters are identified from the results of dynamic compression experiments (gas gun, low inductance generator). The validity of the models is tested by comparing calculated velocity profiles with an explicit hydrocode and velocity profiles measured during the experiments. These models are then used to analyze the results obtained with electron beam irradiation and laser-driven shock experiments. We demonstrate that the studied polymeric foam shave high mitigation capabilities and that the models are valid for high strain rates
Bourat, Christophe. "Système de découpage sous-harmonique d'un faisceau d'électrons pour injecteur d'accélérateur linéaire". Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112018.
Texto completoThe need of a 100 % duty cycle electron accelerator for use in nuclear physics, has led in 1981 the CEN Saclay Linear Accelerator Group, to study a machine using the existing linac associated with a pulse stretcher ring. The production of electron bunches at the ring RF frequency (600 MHz) requires the design of a new injector including a chopping beam system with a deflecting electromagnetic cavity and a collimator. A comparison between four transverse magnetic modes, led to choose a TM110 parallelepipedic chopper. The construction of a prototype and of a vacuum-tight cavity followed by microwave measurements has permitted to solve several mechanical problems and to specify the cavity electrical properties. In a first step1the beam line, including - focusing, offset deflection coils, chopping with a rectangular collimator - has been studied, for zero intensity beam current, on the basis of a matrix model. An experimental 40 keV beam line, has been assembled to measure the bunch length. The method was based on a spectral analysis of the signal delivered by a large band, 50 ohms adapted beam collector. The bunch shape in the time domain was reconstructed by inverse Fourier transform. The beam dynamics has been studied with a 3D space charge model which has been introduced into the PARMELA tracking code. Simulations showed that a 150 keV, 2A beam could be chopped with the same deflecting lay-out
Guiberteau, Emmanuel. "Modélisation d'une décharge DC pulsée dans l'azote : simulations numériques à l'aide d'un code couplant la dynamique des particules chargées à celle du gaz neutre : comparaisons avec l'expérience". Nancy 1, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1998_0291_GUIBERTEAU.pdf.
Texto completoThis work deals the modeling of a dc pulsed diode type discharge used for iron and steel nitriding. The present research aimed at a better understanding of the processes occuring in such plasmas in order to attain an optimization of the surface treatment process. In a first stage we adapted an existing electrical modeling to the experimental results obtained from electrostatic probe and emission spectroscopy measurements. These preliminary results showed a roughly good agreement between the modeling and the experiment and pointed out the limits of this simulation. Two improvements have thus been made to this basic model: a better description of the electron population using a monoenergetic electron beam ; a coupling with a modeling of the neutral gas dynamics. The first improvement led to a better description of the various regions of the discharge (in particular the negative glow) and to get an excellent agreement between numerical and experimental results in the case of short duration impulse discharges. The second improvement showed the importance and the need for taking into account the heating of neutral gas in the case of discharge on-time greater than a few hundreds of microseconds
Deyine, Amjad. "Contribution au développement de techniques de stimulation laser dynamique pour la localisation de défauts dans les circuits VLSI". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14252/document.
Texto completoThe principal objective of the project is to investigate laser based techniques for failure analysis of VLSI integrated circuits. The investigations will be performed on the DCGSystems’ Meridian laser scanning microscope coupled with the Credence’s Diamond D10 tester available at CNES. This study was interested more specifically in the improvement of dynamic laser stimulation techniques said DLS like Dynamic Laser Stimulation. DLS techniques consists in modifying the operation of a dynamically failing integrated circuit by photoelectric effect or photothermal effect using a continuous laser beam sweeping the surface of the circuit. A laser beam modulated in the nanosecond range synchronously with the electrical test through a TTL signal can also be advantageously used. Analysis of the electrical parameters response to the laser disturbance leads to an identification of the dynamic failure origin. The optimization of current DLS techniques will increase the failure analyses success rate and bring information hardly accessible by other means, which allows determining the failure root cause. The work performed was the improvement of the DLS process flow by closely integrating the test to monitor any relevant electrical parameters upon DLS. The « Pass-Fail Mapping » technique and the parametric techniques were implemented on the test tools combining the D10 and the Meridian. The synchronization of the test with the laser scan allows establishing methodologies and techniques in order to add timing information to the defect localisation. Indeed, by modulating the laser beam depending on the test pattern sequences, we show our capability to identify precisely which are the vectors responsible for the IC defective behaviour. We are able now to correlate the defective IC functions with the IC structures involved. This technique is known as F-DLS for Full Dynamic Laser Stimulation.In some cases, we know when the failure occurs in the test pattern but we ignore which IC structures are involved. So, we also developed a dynamic current measurement under laser stimulation technique. This technique proved to be efficient to obtain information about the internal IC behaviour. As an example, for the latched component which signals are synchronised just before the outputs, it is hard to measure shift in the signal propagation. Nevertheless, the IC internal activities can be characterized by monitoring on a scope the current variations under laser stimulation when the IC is activated. The information about the shift in the signal propagation could be extracted then by observing of the IC internal activities.Finally, these DLS techniques proved their efficiency for device qualification for reliability issues. Their accuracy allows early detection of operational parameter tiny variations. This is used to highlight electrical parameter margin evolutions during accelerated aging process. DLS techniques demonstrate their potential to deal with the IC robustness evolution facing external perturbation for reliability purposes.The techniques and methodologies developed during this work have been successfully integrated in the IC analysis and characterisation process in the laboratory. We exposed these techniques but the main case studies remain confidential
Michaud, Julien. "Effet des déflecteurs électrostatiques et des champs de fuite associés sur la cohérence de spin pour la mesure du moment électrique dipolaire du proton sur anneau de stockage". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY031.
Texto completoParticle accelerators are one of the most efficient ways to study matter andelementary particles, as proved by the recent discovery of the Higgs Bosonon the Large Hadron Collider.The JEDI collaboration propose to measurethe value of the proton electric dipole moment (EDM) with a precision of〖10〗^(-29) e.cm using a storage ring.A measurement of such a value of EDM, above the extremely small predictionof Standard Model would lead to new physics, by adding an additionalsource of CP violation. The CP violation is one of the three conditionsnecessary to explain the un-understanded asymetry between matter andantimatter in the universe.In order to achieve this 〖10〗^(-29)e.cm precision, one need to store the measuredparticles for many seconds in an electric field : a storage ring appearsas an ideal solution for charged particles. One of the main issues consistsin keeping the beam spin-coherent during the whole duration of the measurement.An excellent control of systematics and understanding of thespin dynamics to perform this measurement are mandatory.The electrostatic deflectors used in the experiment to provide both bendingand EDM-induced spin precession could lead to systematic errors andspin decoherence. The internal part of the deflectors and especially theirfringe fields need to be understand, in terms of trajectories and spin dynamics.This thesis provide models for fields, trajectories, spin dynamics and alsoresults about the spin decoherence induced by the deflectors.The first part is dedicated to the context around EDM measurements,and will then focus on the storage ring method. Also a first approach tothe spin precession equation and spin coherence time will be done, and theproblematic about the electrostatic deflectors exposed.The second part describes in details the analytic or semi-analytic modelswe developed. The first model describes the electric fringe field of thedeflector, using conformal mapping.This model takes into account boundary conditions like the vacuum chamberor a diaphragm and propose universal formulas as a function of theratio between gap and radius. The second model concerns trajectories inthe deflector and the fringe fields.It is using an Hamiltonian integration, variation of parameters and quadratureformulas to integrate the previously found field. This is done at thesecond order.The last model is about spin dynamics and allows the user to compute thespin total precession in the deflector or the fringe fields by using a list ofintegrals of the field. The final spin transfer solution is a function of theinitial conditions (x,px,y,py,dz,_P/P) at the second order.The last part shows the implementation on BMAD and the differenteffects of deflectors/fringe fields on the spin coherence time
Mennillo, Laurent. "Reconstruction 3D de l'environnement dynamique d'un véhicule à l'aide d'un système multi-caméras hétérogène en stéréo wide-baseline". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC022/document.
Texto completoThis Ph.D. thesis, which has been carried out in the automotive industry in association with Renault Group, mainly focuses on the development of advanced driver-assistance systems and autonomous vehicles. The progress made by the scientific community during the last decades in the fields of computer science and robotics has been so important that it now enables the implementation of complex embedded systems in vehicles. These systems, primarily designed to provide assistance in simple driving scenarios and emergencies, now aim to offer fully autonomous transport. Multibody SLAM methods currently used in autonomous vehicles often rely on high-performance and expensive onboard sensors such as LIDAR systems. On the other hand, digital video cameras are much cheaper, which has led to their increased use in newer vehicles to provide driving assistance functions, such as parking assistance or emergency braking. Furthermore, this relatively common implementation now allows to consider their use in order to reconstruct the dynamic environment surrounding a vehicle in three dimensions. From a scientific point of view, existing multibody visual SLAM techniques can be divided into two categories of methods. The first and oldest category concerns stereo methods, which use several cameras with overlapping fields of view in order to reconstruct the observed dynamic scene. Most of these methods use identical stereo pairs in short baseline, which allows for the dense matching of feature points to estimate disparity maps that are then used to compute the motions of the scene. The other category concerns monocular methods, which only use one camera during the reconstruction process, meaning that they have to compensate for the ego-motion of the acquisition system in order to estimate the motion of other objects. These methods are more difficult in that they have to address several additional problems, such as motion segmentation, which consists in clustering the initial data into separate subspaces representing the individual movement of each object, but also the problem of the relative scale estimation of these objects before their aggregation within the static scene. The industrial motive for this work lies in the use of existing multi-camera systems already present in actual vehicles to perform dynamic scene reconstruction. These systems, being mostly composed of a front camera accompanied by several surround fisheye cameras in wide-baseline stereo, has led to the development of a multibody reconstruction method dedicated to such heterogeneous systems. The proposed method is incremental and allows for the reconstruction of sparse mobile points as well as their trajectory using several geometric constraints. Finally, a quantitative and qualitative evaluation conducted on two separate datasets, one of which was developed during this thesis in order to present characteristics similar to existing multi-camera systems, is provided
Saucourt, Jérémy. "Nouveau procédé dynamique d’analyse et de contrôle du front d’onde synthétique de réseaux de lasers". Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0050.
Texto completoFuturistic projects such as nuclear fusion power generation, or interstellar navigation by solar sails, require the use of a light source of extreme brightness. In order to increase the brightness of laser sources, my thesis work focused on the coherent beam combination of laser arrays. They led to the development of a new compact control process for the synthetic wavefront formed by the laser beam array. This process makes it possible to tailor the intensity pattern of the far field and thus control the angular distribution of energy emitted by the laser beam array. The process developed uses a phase/amplitude converter module with an integrated diffuser element. A method of measuring the transfer matrix of an optical system has been developed to characterize this field converter module. At any time, the synthetic wavefront is estimated by a phase recovery loop based on an alternating projections algorithm. This approximate calculation makes it possible to gradually adjust the phase relationships of the laser beam array to the desired arbitrary phase set. The process allows the control of a synthetic wavefront in less than 10 phase corrections, almost independently of the number of laser beams to be controlled. It is resistant to environmental defects and independent of the initial phase set. I demonstrated the compactness of the system studied by analyzing and controlling a 4 cm large synthetic pupil, composed of 16 beams, using an analysis module measuring only 30 cm. I also experimentally showed the control of the network phases of 16 to 100 laser beams with residual errors of λ/30 and λ/20 rms respectively. The capabilities of this method can be extended to control the higher Zernike orders of the synthetic wavefront, or more generally to directly measure the wavefront of coherent radiation
Marcerou, Pascal. "Modélisation numérique bidimensionnelle du transfert radiatif dans un plasma créé par interaction laser-matière". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30059.
Texto completoChancé, Antoine. "Etude et conception de l'anneau de désintégration d'une usine à neutrinos utilisant les décroissances bêta des noyaux hélium 6 et néon 18 produits par un faisceau intense de protons frappant diverses cibles". Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112137.
Texto completoThe study of the neutrino oscillation between its different flavours needs pure and very intense flux of energetic, well collimated neutrinos with a well determined energy spectrum. So, a dedicated machine seems necessary nowadays. Among the different concepts of neutrino facilities, the one which will be studied here, called Beta-Beams, lies on the neutrino production by beta decay of radioactive ions after their acceleration. More precisely, the thesis is focused on the study and the design of the race-track-shaped storage ring of the high energy ions. Its aim is to store the ions until decaying. After a brief description of the neutrino oscillation mechanism and a review of the different experiments, an introduction to the neutrino facility concept and more precisely to the Beta-Beams will be given. Then, the problematics linked to the Beta-Beams will be presented. After a description of the beam transport formalism, a first design and the optical properties of the ring will be then given. The effects of the misalignement and of the field errors in the dipoles have been studied. The dynamic aperture optimization is then realized. Handling of the decay losses or the energy collimation scheme will be developed. The off-momentum injection needed in presence of a circulating beam will be explained. Finally, the specific radiofrequency program needed by the beam merging will be presented
Velpula, Praveen Kumar. "High aspect ratio sub-micron structuring of transparent materials using non-diffractive ultrafast laser beams : dynamics and interaction regimes". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4005/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is focused on the controllability of laser-induced refractive index changes at sub-micron level over long dimensions i.e., with high aspect ratios and sections on the nanoscale. To this end, we explore non-diffractive zerothorder ultrafast Bessel beams and factors contributing to energy confinement beyond the diffraction limit. Laser processing of transparent materials using non-diffracting beams offers a strong advantage for high aspect ratio submicron structures inside the bulk in view of nanophotonics and nanouidics applications. We present the role of various focusing conditions and laser parameters on material modification in bulk fused silica and explore the different interaction regimes. This thesis tackles mostly the moderate focusing conditions as they offer a stable interaction regime backed up dispersion engineering over a large range of laser parameters. The laser pulse duration was found to be key in defining the type of laser induced refractive index or structural modification. For instance, machining using femtosecond laser pulses results in increased refractive index structures whereas picosecond laser pulses result in uniform void i.e., low index structures. To acquire better control over the laser energy deposition and precision, a range of physical mechanisms responsible for the laser induced damage in non-diffractive excitation conditions have been observed experimentally and further interrogated by simulations indicating a critical role of light scattering on carriers. Time-resolved pump-probe microscopy measurements with a sub-picosecond temporal and sub-micron spatial resolution allow access to the instantaneous excitation and relaxation dynamics. Dynamic optical transmission and phase contrast o_er complementary information of either electronic and glass matrix response. Primarily, ultrafast dynamics of free carriers was studied as the electron mediated energy transfer to the lattice is key to the subsequent material transformation. Role of instantaneous excitation at different laser pulse durations and energies is outlined. Then complete carrier dynamics is presented at different laser parameters. Particularly dynamics in conditions of positive refractive index structures and uniform voids is indicating two different paths of electronic relaxation and energy deposition: a fast defect mediated relaxation for positive index structures and slow thermomechanical relaxation for nanosize void structures. Finally, by correlating the results of time resolved studies, simulations and post-irradiated photoluminescence results, we formulate potential formation scenarios for the positive refractive index and low index or uniform void structures
Abualrob, Hadil. "Construction et études de wigglers à SOLEIL : W164 et wiggler Robinson". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112213.
Texto completoSynchrotron light sources are particle accelerators that generate intense and highly collimatedradiation by bending the trajectory of a relativistic electron beam. The most commonsimple field used to deflect a relativistic electron beam trajectory is a constant magnetic fieldgenerated by bending magnet. More intense radiation can produced through insertion devices.An insertion device is made by combining short bending magnets of opposite polarities. Theyinclude in general two types: undulators and wigglers. Wigglers play an important role ina synchrotron radiation source, since they can be employed for different objectives such asmodulating the time structure of the electron bunch, generating high energy photons, andreducing the transverse beam size. This work studies two different wigglers for different purposes:W164 and Robinson wiggler. The wiggler W164 was constructed for the production offemtosecond light pulses based on the femtoslicing principle. Femtoslicing implies that if anelectron beam co-propagates through the wiggler with a femtosecond laser pulse, the wiggleracts on the electron beam as a modulator and extracts a femtosecond slice of the bunch thatcreates in turn a femtosecond X-ray pulse. Moreover, the W164 plays another role of being ahigh energy photon source for another beamline. The second topic studied here is reducing thehorizontal emittance by using Robinson wiggler. Robinson effect was studied and observedexperimentally at SOLEIL before the wiggler construction. A preliminary wiggler design isproposed
Lasheen, Alexandre Samir. "Mesures de l'Impédance Longitudinale avec le Faisceau du CERN Super Proton Synchrotron". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS005/document.
Texto completoOne of the main challenges of future physics projects based on particle accelerators is the need for high intensity beams. However, collective effects are a major limitation which can deteriorate the beam quality or limit the maximum intensity due to losses. The CERN SPS, which is the last injector for the LHC, is currently unable to deliver the beams required for future projects due to longitudinal instabilities.The numerous devices in the machine (accelerating RF cavities, injection and extraction magnets, vacuum flanges, etc.) lead to variations in the geometry and material of the chamber through which the beam is travelling. The electromagnetic interaction within the beam (space charge) and of the beam with its environment are described by a coupling impedance which affects the motion of the particles and leads to instabilities for high beam intensities. Consequently, the critical impedance sources should be identified and solutions assessed. To have a reliable impedance model of an accelerator, the contributions of all the devices in the ring should be evaluated from electromagnetic simulations and measurements.In this thesis, the beam itself is used to probe the machine impedance by measuring the synchrotron frequency shift with intensity and bunch length, as well as the line density modulation of long bunches injected with the RF voltage switched off. These measurements are compared with macroparticle simulations using the existing SPS impedance model, and the deviations are studied to identify missing impedance sources and to refine the model.The next important step is to reproduce in simulations the measured single bunch instabilities during acceleration, in single and double RF system operation. Thanks to the improved impedance model, a better understanding of instability mechanisms is achieved for both proton and ion beams.Finally, as the simulation model was shown to be trustworthy, it is used to estimate the beam characteristics after the foreseen SPS upgrades the High Luminosity-LHC project at CERN
Lafargue, Clément. "Dynamique non-linéaire dans les microcavités laser tridimensionnelles à base de polymères : aspects physiques et technologiques". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920272.
Texto completoTheveny, Stéphane. "Approches fréquentielle et temporelle de la dynamique des tubes à onde progressive". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4741.
Texto completoA traveling-wave tube (TWT) is a device where an electron beam traveling along the axis of a helix interacts with the electromagnetic waves propagated by this helix. It is sensitive to many instabilities : oscillators (generating noise microwave), but also beam instabilities that generate a noise dissipation due to the interception of the beam by the helix. The aim of this thesis is to find a Hamiltonian formulation of the problem to allow more compact, more accurate and more complete approximate models. Having found one, we start to develop a numerical scheme containing our discrete model for the simulation of TOP. This discrete model has been developed to take into account the tapering sections, geometry changes and adaptations. The coupling with electrons involves simple functions of space, and the model takes space charge into account. Different methods of numerical integration are developed, of which we compare the efficiency. We compared the discrete model with various cold waves amplification models, especially with the model currently used at Thales for the design of their tubes ({texttt{MVTRAD}}). Moreover, we showed that two- or three-dimensional cold wave amplification models like {texttt{MVTRAD}} or {texttt{BWIS}} (which takes into account the backward waves) fail to respect the Maxwell-Faraday equation, contrary to ours. Finally we made a comparison between our circuit discrete model and the amplification model of cold waves in the case of a linear beam
Gamelin, Alexis. "Collective effects in a transient microbunching regime and ion cloud mitigation in ThomX". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS276/document.
Texto completoThe thesis is focused on the study of collective effects in a 50 MeV electron storage ring, ThomX, in the absence of synchrotron radiation damping and of longitudinal matching. This thesis is divided in two distinct parts. The first part corresponds to the design of the impedance model (geometric and resistive wakefields, coherent synchrotron radiation) of the storage ring in order to simulate the beam dynamics. The geometric impedance model of the storage ring was obtained via simulation of the individual elements and was checked using wire measurements on prototypes. The coherent synchrotron radiation was simulated taking into account a rectangular vacuum chamber. Beam dynamics simulations, from the RF gun cathode to the storage ring, including collective effects are presented. The simulations are used to optimise the beam dynamics in the storage ring in the micro-bunching regime. The second part is the study of the ion cloud produced by the ionisation of the residual vacuum molecules and the optimisation of the ion clearing techniques. The longitudinal ion accumulation points and the trapping in magnetic fields are both studied analytically and by using a tracking code developed for this purpose. Clearing electrodes and clearing gaps are simulated and optimised using this code and the strategy chosen for the limitation of ion induced effects is described. Finally, the effect of multi-ionisation and ion dissociation is taken into account and the ion effect on the electron beam is estimated
Coulibaly, Saliya. "Solitons dissipatifs des oscillateurs paramétriques optiques : instabilités convectives / absolues et effets non-linéaires du walk-off". Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d024cfb0-ee26-498b-ab7b-6368ac8e4f07.
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