Literatura académica sobre el tema "Dual attribution"

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Dual attribution"

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Lopez, Maria Canto. "Towards Dual or Multiple Attribution". International Organizations Law Review 10, n.º 1 (2013): 193–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15723747-01001006.

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The Strasbourg Court is dealing with situations arising out of the military conduct of Contracting Parties abroad. Some of this conduct arises from European troops acting within the framework of international multinational forces under the UN’s auspices. While the Strasbourg Court in the Behrami and Saramati case started by attributing exclusive liability to the UN — in an attempt to stay clear of interfering with the UN’s universal peace and security mission —, its latest case-law has moved away from that path. In the Al-Jedda case, the Strasbourg Court admits the possibility of dual or multiple attribution, which means that the same conduct can be attributed both to the UN and to one or more Contracting Parties. Through dual or multiple attribution, the Strasbourg Court has opened a way to avoid confrontations with the UN’s universal mission, and has returned to supervising the conduct of the individual Contracting Parties that send troops to be part of the UN multinational forces, improving the protection offered to victims of those Contracting Parties in foreign lands.
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Sakaki, Michiko y Kou Murayama. "Automatic Ability Attribution after Failure: A Dual Process View of Achievement Attribution". PLoS ONE 8, n.º 5 (7 de mayo de 2013): e63066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063066.

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Reinhard, Marc-André y Siegfried L. Sporer. "Content Versus Source Cue Information as a Basis for Credibility Judgments". Social Psychology 41, n.º 2 (enero de 2010): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000014.

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Basic assumptions of dual-process theories are used to explain the process of credibility attribution. Three experiments test the assumption that high task involvement leads to intensive processing of content information, whereas low task involvement leads to the use of noncontent information like source cues when people make credibility judgments. In Experiment 1, as predicted, when task involvement is low, only source attractiveness influences credibility attributions; when task involvement is high, content information also influences credibility attributions. Experiments 2 and 3 replicate these results with different source cue and message content manipulations. These findings demonstrate the fruitfulness of applying basic assumptions of dual-process theories to the field of deceptive communication research. Practical implications for forensic credibility assessment are outlined.
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Fernández-Sogorb, Aitana, Nelly G. Lagos-San Martín, Ricardo Sanmartín y María Vicent. "Child Anxiety Profiles in Chilean Elementary School Students and Academic Self-Attributions in Mathematics". SAGE Open 11, n.º 4 (octubre de 2021): 215824402110613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211061396.

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The present study had a dual objective: to verify the existence of profiles of anxious students and to relate the possible profiles with causal self-attributions in the area of mathematics. The sample consisted of 1,730 Chilean children from 9 to 11 years old ( M = 10.05; SD = 1.03). The Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety-Revised and the Sydney Attribution Scale were administered. Four profiles were found by using the latent class analysis: Low Anxiety, Moderate Anxiety, Moderate Anxiety School-type and High Anxiety. The High Anxiety profile tended to attribute its failures more to ability and effort. However, the Moderate Anxiety School-type group showed a greater tendency to attribute its failures to external causes and its successes to effort. The practical implications of these findings for improving the attributional style and the anxiety levels of each profile are discussed.
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Chen, Jacqueline Chen y Jun Xiang. "Asymmetrical Attribution of Performance in China". Asian Survey 60, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2020): 978–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2020.60.5.978.

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Existing studies of the impact of economic development on political trust in China have two major gaps: they fail to explain how economic development contributes to the hierarchical trust pattern, and they do not pay enough attention to the underlying mechanisms. In light of cultural theory and political control theory, we propose adapting performance theory into a theory of “asymmetrical attribution of performance” to better illuminate the case of China. This adapted theory leads to dual pathway theses: expectation fulfillment and local blaming. Using a multilevel mediation model, we show that expectation fulfillment mainly upholds trust in the central government, whereas local blaming undermines trust in local governments. We also uncover a rural–urban distinction in the dual pathway, revealing that both theses are more salient among rural Chinese.
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Carson, Jack, Jacob Waddingham y Jeremy Mackey. "Organization member action proximity and attributions for managerial crisis response failure". Management Decision 58, n.º 10 (12 de octubre de 2020): 2177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2020-1059.

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PurposeThe purpose of this research is to describe organization members' attributions for managerial responses to obviously externally caused crises. The authors draw from attribution theory research and the actor-observer bias to argue that organization members' proximity to managerial crisis response is a key determinant of organization members' affective and behavioral outcomes following a crisis.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop a conceptual dual-process model of attributions that explains why organization members' judgments of managerial responsibility and associated outcomes differ depending on organization members' proximity to crisis response action.FindingsThe authors focus on organization members' attributions for the failure of managerial crisis responses to obviously externally caused crisis events. The authors present propositions regarding the impact of organization members' potential biases on their attributions for managerial crisis response. Then, the authors delineate how action proximity can assuage negative outcomes of managerial crisis response failure by encouraging an attitude of understanding and awareness of situational challenges.Originality/valueThe authors diverge from prior applications of attribution theory to crisis management by focusing on organization members' attributions of managerial crisis response failure, rather than attributions for the initial cause of the crisis itself. The authors also extend prior work that primarily focuses on crisis response strategies by instead elaborating on how organization members' attributions operate in the wake of their management's failure to effectively respond to an obviously externally caused crisis.
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Dannenbaum, Tom. "Dual attribution in the context of military operations". International Organizations Law Review 12, n.º 2 (27 de abril de 2015): 401–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15723747-01202007.

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This article considers the state of the doctrine on dual attribution in military operations. The rapidly expanding jurisprudence on cooperative military ventures has yet to coalesce around a single normative framework. The role of the ario and ars in that realm has been decidedly mixed, perhaps predictably given the inconsistency between the two codes. The most hopeful developments have come in the Netherlands, with the elaboration of a bifocal, preventive interpretation of Article 7 of the ario. However, whether that framework will resonate elsewhere is uncertain. Thus far, the concept of dual attribution itself has played an odd role. It has been affirmed repeatedly in theory, but the primary value of its theoretical possibility has been in empowering courts to hear cases they might otherwise have avoided, while failing actually to attribute conduct to two or more entities.
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Kim, Sung-Won. "A Review on Dual Attribution of Internationally Wrongful Acts". DONG-A LAW REVIEW 89 (30 de noviembre de 2020): 259–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31839/dalr.2020.11.89.259.

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Hsu, Cathy H. C. y Nan Chen. "Resident Attribution and Tourist Stereotypes". Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 43, n.º 4 (1 de febrero de 2019): 489–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348018823903.

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The value of attribution theory in explaining and predicting resident perceptions of/reactions toward tourists is underestimated by tourism scholars. This article critically analyses the evolution and underdevelopment of attribution theory, as well as the literature on tourist stereotypes which serve as heuristics that may bias attribution. Under the guidance of dual process theories, a comprehensive conceptual framework is developed to delineate the interactions between a three-step resident attribution process of encounters with tourists and tourist stereotypes’ activation, application/suppression, and modification. Potentially fruitful directions are suggested for future research. This conceptual article not only pioneers in establishing conceptual links between a tourism phenomenon and a social psychological theoretical development, but it also broadens the research paradigm of resident–tourist relationship studies.
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Nollkaemper, A. "Dual Attribution: Liability of the Netherlands for Conduct of Dutchbat in Srebrenica". Journal of International Criminal Justice 9, n.º 5 (1 de noviembre de 2011): 1143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqr048.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Dual attribution"

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Hasanbegovic, Jasmina. "Attribution of Profits to Dependent Agent Permanent Establishments : The dual taxpayer approach versus the single taxpayer approach". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11417.

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Business profits constitute the main part of income derived through international business and these profits are only to be taxed in the home state of the enterprise. However, if the enterprise conducts business in a host state through a PE, the profits attributable to the PE are taxable in the host state. Article 7 of the OECD Model Tax determines the profits attributable to the PE.

Nevertheless, Member States have interpreted Article 7 of the OECD Model Tax Convention in various ways. In order to provide consensus the OECD adopted an authorised OECD approach for attributing profits to PEs.

The first part of the purpose of this thesis is to study the Swedish approach for attributing profits to dependent agent PEs in relation to the authorised OECD approach. An enterprise from the home state can be considered to have a dependent agent PE in the host state if it conducts business in the host state through a dependent agent located therein. This is provided that the agent has the authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise and exercises this authority regularly.

Under the authorised OECD approach for profit attribution to dependent agent PEs it is possible to allocate profits to the PE in excess of the arm’s length remuneration paid to the dependent agent. Thereby, the OECD has adopted the dual taxpayer approach as the authorised OECD approach.

According to the author’s opinion the Swedish perspective regarding profit attribution to dependent agent PEs differs from the authorised OECD approach as the dual taxpayer approach so far has not been applied in Sweden. Furthermore, it differs as the attribution of capital to PEs is not allowed according to case law and as far as the recognition of internal dealings is concerned.

When the OECD adopted the dual taxpayer approach as the authorised OECD approach another method was available; the single taxpayer approach. In line with this approach no further profits in excess of the arm’s length remuneration to the dependent agent can be attributed to the dependent agent PE. However, the single taxpayer approach was rejected as the authorised OECD approach, which has lead to disagreement within the international tax community.

Therefore, the second part of the purpose of this thesis is to study to what extent the authorised OECD approach is sustained. This is done by analysing reactions to the single and dual taxpayer approach among business and academic circles.

The author believes that reactions against the dual taxpayer approach mainly arise in situations when an enterprise in the host state gives rise to a dependent agent PE. Therefore, the authorised OECD approach should have recognised that different types of dependent agent PEs might arise and the approach is only sustained to the extent that a person belonging to the foreign enterprise leads to the existence of a dependent agent PE.

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Farrell, Laura Catherine. "A Dual Examination of Content and Effects: News Media Representations of Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Effects of Attributions on Community Members? Supportive or Discriminatory Feelings, Behavioral Intentions, and Behaviors Toward the Disability". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27417.

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The media has the ability to influence societal perceptions about important issues. This study involved a dual examination of content and effects of news media representations of a prominent health issue?autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that now affects 1 in 88 individuals (CDC, 2013). Study 1 examined the presence of attributions of ASD and signaling ?stigma? cues in news media and Study 2 investigated the effects of attributions of ASD emphasized in news media on community members? emotions, behavioral intentions, and behaviors toward the disability. Study 1 revealed associations between certain attributions and signaling ?stigma? cues and indicated news circulation plays a role in the appearance of cause attributions and social skill deficit cues. The results also illuminated intriguing trends in the presence of certain attributions of ASD and signaling ?stigma? cues in news media over the past 16 years. Study 2 shed light on the direct and indirect effects of attributions about ASD emphasized in news stories on community members? emotions, behavioral intentions, and actual behaviors; these findings partially align with attribution theory. This research provides a holistic understanding about the presence and power of language emphasized in news stories about ASD. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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CARLI, EUGENIO. "Le missioni dell'Unione europea nel quadro della Politica di Sicurezza e Difesa Comune: profili di diritto internazionale". Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1028120.

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La tesi analizza dapprima la Politica di Sicurezza e Difesa Comune (PSDC) dell'Unione europea sotto il profilo storico-istituzionale (Cap. I) e della prassi, descrivendo le principali missioni civili e militari dispiegate (Cap. II). In seguito, essa affronta la questione degli obblighi di diritto internazionale, sia convenzionale che consuetudinario, applicabili nello svolgimento della PSDC (Cap. III) e della responsabilità internazionale dell'Unione europea o degli Stati partecipanti, con particolare riguardo al tema dell'attribuzione di condotta (Cap. IV). This thesis first analyzes the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) of the European Union under a historical-institutional perspective (Ch. I) and a practical one, describing the main civilian and military mission conducted (Ch. II). Afterwards, the questions relating to the international law obligations, both under conventional and consuetudinary law, applying in this sector and to the international responsibility of the European Union and partecipating States are addressed, with a paticular focus on the issue regarding the attribution of conduct (Ch. IV).
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"A Dual Examination of Content and Effects: News Media Representations of Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Effects of Attributions on Community Members' Supportive or Discriminatory Feelings, Behavioral Intentions, and Behaviors Toward the Disability". 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/24793.

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Libros sobre el tema "Dual attribution"

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1976-, Silvia Paul J. y Lalwani Neal, eds. Self-awareness & causal attribution: A dual systems theory. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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Self-Awareness & Causal Attribution: A Dual Systems Theory. Springer, 2011.

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Duval, Thomas Shelley. Self-Awareness & Causal Attribution: A Dual Systems Theory. Springer, 2012.

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Silvia, Paul J., Thomas Shelley Duval y Neal Lalwani. Self-Awareness & Causal Attribution: A Dual Systems Theory. Springer, 2001.

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Duval, Thomas Shelley, Neal Lalwani y Paul J. Silvia. Self-Awareness and Causal Attribution: A Dual Systems Theory. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Danae, Azaria. 1 Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198717423.003.0001.

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Chapter 1 illustrates the importance of means of transportation in the development of international law, and the modern relevance of transit of energy via pipelines in this respect. The chapter sets the framework and method used in the study. Key concepts (transit, energy, and pipelines) and the scope of application of the treaties (ratione loci and ratione materiae) examined in the study are explained. It explains the rules of treaty interpretation that are used in the study for determining the scope and content of obligations regarding transit of energy, for identifying the nature of these obligations with a view to establishing standing to invoke international responsibility in case of their breach, and for determining the relationship between treaty rules and customary international law. It focuses on the role of subsequent agreements and practice, which is extensively used in this study as a means of treaty interpretation. The elements of an internationally wrongful act are then discussed. Emphasis is placed on attribution of conduct of private entities, and on the dual function of countermeasures under the law of international responsibility.
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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Dual attribution"

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Gasbarri, Lorenzo. "International Responsibility". En The Concept of an International Organization in International Law, 176–207. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895790.003.0011.

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The final consequence of the dual legal nature discussed in the book concerns the international responsibility of international organizations. In particular, this chapter describes how the absence of a common conceptualization affected the work of the International Law Commission, the International Law Institute, and the International Law Association. Afterwards, the chapter focuses on the dual attribution of conduct to an international organization and to its member states. It contends that dual attribution is extremely important in practice and it reviews the cases in which it was at issue. After providing a set of principles on how to apply the dual attribution, it distinguishes between three sets of circumstances: dual attribution via institutional links, dual attribution via factual links, and exclusion of dual attribution when the conduct is attributable to only the organization or its member states. Finally, it discusses the effects of dual attribution in terms of joint responsibility.
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"Dual Attribution in the Context of Military Operations". En International Organizations and Member State Responsibility, 114–38. Brill | Nijhoff, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004319806_008.

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Harpaz, Yossi. "Strategic Dual Citizenship: Global Dynamics of Supply and Demand". En Dual Citizenship and Naturalisation. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw87752_chapt05.

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The growing toleration of dual citizenship changes the basic rules governing citizenship attribution. It creates new possibilities for legal connections between states and individuals, including overlapping memberships and belonging from a distance. In this chapter, I argue that the legitimisation of dual citizenship leads to the adoption of strategic policies on the part of states (the “supply” side) as well as on the part of eligible individuals (the “demand” side). Numerous states use dual citizenship policies to select new citizens that do not live on their territory and do not intend to relocate or give up their original citizenship. These include the descendants of emigrants (e.g. Italian descendants in South America who are now offered Italian citizenship), cross-border co-ethnics (such as ethnic Hungarians in the countries surrounding Hungary), as well as millionaires from developing countries who can now – for a hefty sum – acquire citizenship from a country where they have never set foot. From the perspective of eligible individuals, such schemes offer opportunities to strategically expand their scope of rights and opportunities by acquiring a second citizenship that is ranked higher in the global hierarchy of citizenship value. The expected benefits may include global travel freedom, an insurance policy and broader economic opportunities. These developments, which impact both states and individuals, weaken the traditional association between citizenship and national identity.
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Banks, William. "Who Did It? Attribution of Cyber Intrusions and the Jus in Bello". En The Impact of Emerging Technologies on the Law of Armed Conflict, 235–72. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190915322.003.0009.

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The central concepts that make up the Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC) have not been easy to adapt to cyber operations. In addition to their kinetic history and orientation, the core LOAC principles do not in most instances anticipate the kind of cyber-specific analysis that should accompany the use of increasingly advanced cyber systems and tools in conflict. Cyber operations rarely cause physical damage, much less injury or death. More often they cause cyber harm—by corrupting, manipulating or stealing data, denying access to a website, or interfering temporarily with the functionality of information systems. Or they indirectly disrupt or damage objects that are not part of the cyber domain. Measuring the harm from a cyber incident and calculating that harm in ways that the LOAC credits remains challenging, as does defining and distinguishing civilian and military objects, and accounting for the indirect effects of cyber operations. The LOAC also has not settled on a legal status for critical national security-related components of the cyber domain, including data and dual-use infrastructure.
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Moser, Carolyn. "Administrative Accountability: Separate but Complementary Fora". En Accountability in EU Security and Defence, 232–75. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844815.003.0007.

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This chapter is dedicated to administrative accountability regarding the civilian dimension of EU security and defence. It first decorticates the administrative environment of civilian CSDP. The scrutiny covers institutional, legal, and procedural components (reporting lines and attribution schemes, disciplinary arrangements, etc). The chapter then outlines the small role national authorities play in administrative accountability. Thirdly, the assessment concentrates on the role of the European Ombudsman as a quasi-judicial accountability forum for both individual complaints and overall administrative questions. The evaluation of the Ombudsman’s role is followed by a study of the dual function of the European Court of Auditors, which simultaneously fulfils an auditing and a consultative function. Finally, the chapter discusses the complementarity of the Ombudsman and the European Court of Auditors.
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Garretson, Jeremiah J. "Understanding Affective Liberalization". En The Path to Gay Rights, 34–66. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479822133.003.0002.

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This chapter both summarizes the current social science theories behind attitude change on lesbian and gay issues and develops the theory of affective liberalization from new research findings in social and political psychology. Demographic theories of attitude change, value-framing theory, issue evolution, elite-led theories of change, and attribution theory are all discussed and found to provide only a partial explanation for change. Affective liberalization is then derived by combining current research in intergroup contact theory with dual process models of decision making. The theory argues that contact primarily acts on the subconscious attitudes that the public holds towards lesbians and gays and explains all the distinctive features of attitudinal change including its durability, broadness, and concentration among young people. The chapter closes with a brief discussion of issues unique to the challenge of analysing change in mass opinion over time.
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Griffiths, Martin. "‘The Chorus Girl and the Tariff’ by Katherine Mansfield". En Katherine Mansfield and Children, 127–36. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474491907.003.0009.

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KM took literary inspiration from America-based performers that visited Wellington and London, including pianist Teresa Carreño and actress ‘Mrs. Hannibal Williams’ – she associated with performing artists throughout her short life – and took an interest in American theatre and cinema. KM used theatrical conventions, techniques and characters in her stories and had a desire to reach or create an audience in America. ‘The Chorus Girl and the Tariff by Katherine Mansfield’ is a monologue concerning the dull humiliation of scratching a living off, and on, Broadway, New York. Despite problematic jargon and detailed geography specific to locations in New York, attribution of the text to KM – who toured as a chorus girl with Garnet Trowell and the Moody Manners Opera Company in 1909 (when it was published) – is plausible and the sketch has the potential to shed light on some of the obscure events of KM’s early life in New Zealand and London.
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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Dual attribution"

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Ren, Kan, Yuchen Fang, Weinan Zhang, Shuhao Liu, Jiajun Li, Ya Zhang, Yong Yu y Jun Wang. "Learning Multi-touch Conversion Attribution with Dual-attention Mechanisms for Online Advertising". En CIKM '18: The 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3269206.3271677.

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"PS-101 - ENFERMEDAD MENTAL Y ESTIGMA EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA: ESTUDIO OBSERVACIONAL DE CASOS Y CONTROLES". En 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.ps101.

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Introducción: El estigma hacia los pacientes con enfermedad mental repercute negativamente en el funcionamiento diario del paciente, su desarrollo personal y su pronóstico clínico. Las actitudes que hacia dichos pacientes tiene el personal sanitario, y de manera esencial el estudiante de Medicina, se presupone esencial y determinante. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la actitud estigmatizadora hacia la enfermedad mental de estudiantes del Grado de Medicina de la Universidad de Alcalá Material y método: Se trata de un estudio observacional de tipo casos y controles. Los casos (n=199) son estudiantes de Grado de Medicina de la Universidad de Alcalá ç, durante el curso académico 2021-2022. Como controles (n=129) se emplearon a usuarios de bibliotecas universitarias de la Comunidad de Madrid con edades comprendidas entre los 18-30 años, que cursaran un Grado Universitario distinto a la rama de Ciencias de la Salud. La recogida de las diversas variables se llevó a cabo mediante la realización de un cuestionario anónimo, vía online. Para analizar la actitud estigmatizadora se recurrió al cuestionario Attribution Questionnaire-27, que ofrece una puntuación total así como 9 dominios relacionados con el estigma. El análisis fue realizado con el paquete estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics, versión 20. Resultados y conclusiones El grupo de usuarios de bibliotecas (controles) puntúa de manera más elevada, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas, en las subescalas Ira (p-valor: 0,002), Peligrosidad (p-valor: 0,031), Miedo (p-valor: 0,006), Coacción (p-valor: 0.000), Segregación (p-valor: 0,007), Evitación (p-valor: 0,008), así como en la Puntuación Total (p-valor: 0,008). Asimismo, se observa también que los estudiantes de Medicina de la UAH puntúan más elevado en la subescala Ayuda (p-valor:0,000). Los estudiantes de Grado de Medicina de la Universidad de Alcalá muestran en conjunto unas actitudes menos estigmatizadoras respecto de la enfermedad mental que un grupo comparativo de jóvenes con características sociodemográficas similares.
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