Tesis sobre el tema "Drones autonomes"
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Le, Barz Cédric. "Navigation visuelle pour les missions autonomes des petits drones". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066424/document.
Texto completoIn this last decade, technology evolution has enabled the development of small and light UAV able to evolve in indoor and urban environments. In order to execute missions assigned to them, UAV must have a robust navigation system, including a precise egolocalization functionality within an absolute reference. We propose to solve this problem by mapping the latest images acquired with geo-referenced images, i.e. Google Streetview images.In a first step, assuming that it is possible for a given query image to retrieve the geo-referenced image depicting the same scene, we study a solution, based on relative pose estimation between images, to refine the location. Then, to retrieve geo-referenced images corresponding to acquired images, we studied and proposed an hybrid method exploiting both visual and odometric information by defining an appropriate Hidden Markov Model (HMM), where states are geographical locations. The quality of achieved performances depending of visual similarities, we finally proposed an original solution based on a supervised metric learning solution. The solution measures similarities between the query images and geo-referenced images close to the putative position, thanks to distances learnt during a preliminary step
Le, Barz Cédric. "Navigation visuelle pour les missions autonomes des petits drones". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066424.pdf.
Texto completoIn this last decade, technology evolution has enabled the development of small and light UAV able to evolve in indoor and urban environments. In order to execute missions assigned to them, UAV must have a robust navigation system, including a precise egolocalization functionality within an absolute reference. We propose to solve this problem by mapping the latest images acquired with geo-referenced images, i.e. Google Streetview images.In a first step, assuming that it is possible for a given query image to retrieve the geo-referenced image depicting the same scene, we study a solution, based on relative pose estimation between images, to refine the location. Then, to retrieve geo-referenced images corresponding to acquired images, we studied and proposed an hybrid method exploiting both visual and odometric information by defining an appropriate Hidden Markov Model (HMM), where states are geographical locations. The quality of achieved performances depending of visual similarities, we finally proposed an original solution based on a supervised metric learning solution. The solution measures similarities between the query images and geo-referenced images close to the putative position, thanks to distances learnt during a preliminary step
Stolle, Martin Tobias. "Vers le vol à voile longue distance pour drones autonomes". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESAE0006.
Texto completoSmall fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) provide utility to research, military, and industrial sectors at comparablyreasonable cost, but still suffer from both limited operational ranges and payload capacities. Thermal soaring flight for UAVsoffers a significant potential to reduce the energy consumption. However, without remote sensing of updrafts, a glider UAVcan only benefit from an updraft when encountering it by chance. In this thesis, a new framework for autonomous cross-country soaring is elaborated, enabling a glider UAV to visually localize sub-cumulus thermal updrafts and to efficiently gain energy from them.Relying on the Unscented Kalman Filter, a monocular vision-based method is established, for remotely estimatingsub-cumulus updraft parameters. Its capability of providing convergent and consistent state estimates is assessed relyingon Monte Carlo Simulations. Model uncertainties, image processing noise, and poor observer trajectories can degrade theestimated updraft parameters. Therefore, a second focus of this thesis is the design of a robust probabilistic path plannerfor map-based autonomous cross-country soaring. The proposed path planner balances between the flight time and theoutlanding risk by taking into account the estimation uncertainties in the decision making process. The suggested updraftestimation and path planning algorithms are jointly assessed in a 6 Degrees Of Freedom simulator, highlighting significantperformance improvements with respect to state of the art approaches in autonomous cross-country soaring while it is alsoshown that the path planner is implementable on a low-cost computer platform
Garin, Raphaël. "Communication et positionnement simultanés pour les drones sous-marins autonomes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BRES0097.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the navigation of autonomous underwater drones (AUVs) in the absence of underwater GPS signals. To address this issue, it proposes an innovative approach that combines AUV localization with underwater acoustic communication to a surface beacon. This method utilizes the Doppler shift estimation required for communication signal demodulation in order to estimate the relative velocity of the AUV. Additionally, the communication’s time of flight is used to measure the distance between the AUV and the beacon. The final system requires only affordable components, such as an inertial navigation system, a pressure sensor, a GPS for initialization, and an acoustic transponder for the drone, combined with a sound velocity profiling sensor. A fixed beacon communicates with the drone and is equipped with an acoustic transponder. This approach offers accuracy comparable to the state-of-the-art, with a small spatial footprint and reduced cost. Successful simulations and tests were conducted in a 6 m3 test tank, confirming the feasibility of the system. Furthermore, real-world sea trialsdemonstrated an accuracy of approximately 3 meters, showcasing the algorithm’s effectiveness.Compared to the state-of-the-art, the proposed system is quicker to set up, requires no calibration, is more cost-effective, and consumes less power, although it is slightly less accurate
Falomir, Bagdassarian Ema. "Calcul dynamique de chemin par des drones autonomes en essaim compact dans le cadre de missions en environnements complexes". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0450.
Texto completoDrones are major tools today to perform numerous tasks in a wide range of operations, both for military and civil activities. In order to reduce operators’ workload, some parts of the drones’ missions can be automated, until achieving a full autonomy of the platforms, which will reach their mission without any human intervention. Path planning is a major task to achieve autonomy. Indeed, the drones have to detect obstacles while it discovers its environment and dynamically calculate a path avoiding obstacle and allowing to fulfil their mission. In this context, our main contribution is a path planning method for an autonomous drone evolving in complex environment.Furthermore, the variety of tasks one would like to achieve increases quicker than the capacity of a single UAV, therefore one can use a swarm composed of several autonomous platforms. Usage of several drones increases the number and/or the variety of sensors, and the collaboration between them enhance the global system capabilities by supporting some form of resilience. However, swarming introduced new issues, such as communications and drone avoidance. Our path planning method considers these problematics and then, is adapted for drones forming a swarm
Le, Bras Florent. "Contributions à l'asservissement visuel de véhicules aériens autonomes". Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4110.
Texto completoThe visual servo control technology is based on measurements form a camera. This technique appeared in the late 80’s to control mobile robots or manipulators. Recently, visual servoing is applied to flying vehicles, for which this type of control has a strong operational potential. In this thesis, we focus on the design of visual servoing for two types of flying vectors : the VTOL minidrones and fixed-wing aircrafts. We try wherever possible to specify the problem in terms of regulation in the picture by taking into account the limitations of the sensors used. Thus we consider only the onboard sensors autonomous, and whose quality is consistent with a the considered visual servoing tasks. For this, we propose visual servoing laws adapted to the considered systems intheir control structures and their measurement systems. For VTOL minidrones, a series of control laws is proposed to stabilize the vehicle with respect to a relativity flat target which some landmarks are detected in real time. These commands have the distinction of not requiring measurements of the speed of translation. This characteristic is especially interesting, since this variable is particularly difficult to measure without GPS. One of the algorithms has been, validated in fight ion the platform. HoverEye developed by Bertin Technologies, it was, to our knowledge the first image based visual servoing, conducted indoors on a minidrones. For fixed-wing aircrafts, a next autonomous landing technique based on the detection of runway’s edges is proposed. This technique is image based and takes into account the specificities of aircraft flight dynamics. Moreover a specific estimate of cross-wind is proposed. Validation of this approach is performed on a complex simulator which includes images processing. Finally, we sought new applications in image based visual servoing for fixed-wing aircrafts. A control law for precise stabilization on observation orbit has been synthesized. It is based on the detection of a single landmark and translational optical flow. Simulations illustrate the performance of that algorithm
Delamer, Jean-Alexis. "Planification d'une stratégie de navigation et de guidage pour des drones autonomes dans des milieux encombrés". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESAE0028.
Texto completoWith the growing demand for the use of UAVs in urban environments, the safetyand effectiveness of these missions must be guaranteed. It is known that in these environmentsthe high density of obstacles can put flight at risk in the case collision. The navigation capacity- estimation of the position and therefore the execution error - of these UAVs depends onthe availability and performance of their on-board sensors, which vary in the environment.In this context, this thesis proposes a safe and effective path planning framework for UAVsin clustered environments. We based our work on the Mixed Observability Markov DecisionProcesses (MOMDP) because it allows us to model long-term decision processes while takinginto account environmental uncertainty and mixed observability. We propose a planning modelthat integrates the guidance, navigation and control system (GNC), in order to better representthe dynamics of the state transition for a drone, as well as the associated execution error. Theprobable availability, known a priori, of on-board sensors is also considered in the model. Inorder to ensure safety constraints, we propose a cost function that allows us to reason in termsof maximum allowable collision rate. This allows the planner to compute policies that are botheffective - minimizing flight time - and safe, by choosing paths that comply with the definedmaximum collision rate. In addition, due to the complexity of the planning problem, we proposea new "POMCP-GO" resolution algorithm, which is based on two state-of-the-art algorithms.We have thoroughly evaluated this algorithm for our application framework
Bélanger, Jacky. "Contrôle de véhicules aériens autonomes avec respect de contraintes terminales". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27547/27547.pdf.
Texto completoMyrand-Lapierre, Vincent. "Transitions autonomes entre les vols non stationnaire et stationnaire d'un véhicule aérien miniature à ailes fixes". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21360.
Texto completoSadou, Ryad. "Dimensionnement sur cycle de chsînes de conversion optimales à motorisation synchrone pour des applications de drones autonomes à ailes fixes". Thesis, Nantes Université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NANU4020.
Texto completoAs part of the development of an autonomous fixed-wing UAV, the present sizing of the electric propulsion chain of the drone including the propeller, the electric motor and its power converter. This power chain, through which up to 90 % of the energy consumed by the UAV passes, represents a strong potential gain in term of energy efficiency and therefore in term of the autonomy of the UAV. Taking into account the entire operating cycle of the UAV requires the development of a particular sizing method that allows the simultaneous optimization of the geometry and the control strategy of the machine, while maintaining a reduced calculation time. This method, based on analytical models, allows the consideration of the thermal transient in order to avoid oversizing the machine, particularly with this type of application where the thermal steady state is rarely reached. In this study, it was demonstrated how it was possible to take into account the power converter and its control from the pre-sizing step of the machine, with the objective of reducing the mass of the PMSM and the losses of the {converter - machine} system
Ait, Saadi Amylia. "Coordination of scout drones (UAVs) in smart-city to serve autonomous vehicles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG064.
Texto completoThe subject of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has become a promising study field in bothresearch and industry. Due to their autonomy and efficiency in flight, UAVs are considerablyused in various applications for different tasks. Actually, the autonomy of the UAVis a challenging issue that can impact both its performance and safety during the mission.During the flight, the autonomous UAVs are required to investigate the area and determineefficiently their trajectory by preserving their resources (energy related to both altitude andpath length) and satisfying some constraints (obstacles and axe rotations). This problem isdefined as the UAV path planning problem that requires efficient algorithms to be solved,often Artificial Intelligence algorithms. In this thesis, we present two novel approachesfor solving the UAV path planning problem. The first approach is an improved algorithmbased on African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA), called CCO-AVOA algorithms,which integrates the Chaotic map, Cauchy mutation, and Elite Opposition-based learningstrategies. These three strategies improve the performance of the original AVOA algorithmin terms of the diversity of solutions and the exploration/exploitation search balance. Asecond approach is a hybrid-based approach, called CAOSA, based on the hybridization ofChaotic Aquila Optimization with Simulated Annealing algorithms. The introduction of thechaotic map enhances the diversity of the Aquila Optimization (AO), while the SimulatedAnnealing (SA) algorithm is applied as a local search algorithm to improve the exploitationsearch of the traditional AO algorithm. Finally, the autonomy and efficiency of the UAVare tackled in another important application, which is the UAV placement problem. Theissue of the UAV placement relays on finding the optimal UAV placement that satisfies boththe network coverage and connectivity while considering the UAV's limitation from energyand load. In this context, we proposed an efficient hybrid called IMRFO-TS, based on thecombination of Improved Manta Ray Foraging Optimization, which integrates a tangentialcontrol strategy and Tabu Search algorithms
St-Onge, David. "Modélisation et commande d'un robot volant robuste". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28664/28664.pdf.
Texto completoAchour, Walid. "Estimation à erreurs bornées et guidage pilotage des aéronefs autonomes en milieu perturbé". Phd thesis, Supélec, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795270.
Texto completoEsrafilian, Omid. "Learning from the sky : design of autonomous radio-enabled unmanned aerial vehicles in mobile cellular networks". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS307.
Texto completoThe use of UAVs in wireless networks has recently attracted significant attention. The first part of this thesis aims to investigate current works of UAV-aided wireless communications and develop novel methods for both the placement and path design of a UAV as a flying RAN in wireless networks. We highlight how the use of city 3D maps can bring substantial benefits for the reliable self-placement of flying radios.Regardless of the placement or path design, all algorithms operate on the basis of an array of information such as node GPS location, the city 3D map, etc. allowing the prediction of radio signal strengths. While such data may be collected via the network before the actual UAV flight, part or all of the information may also have to be learned by the UAV. In this regard, a part of this thesis is devoted to discussing how to learn such information from the UAV-borne measurements.Assuming the availability of safe cellular connectivity, UAVs are becoming promising for a wide range of applications such as transportation, etc. The main challenge in these areas is the design of trajectories that guarantee reliable cellular connectivity all along the path while allowing the completion of the UAV mission. Hence, in the second part of this thesis, we propose a novel approach for optimal path design between an initial and terminal points by leveraging on a coverage map. Lastly, we discuss the experimental verification of the placement algorithm of a UAV relay in LTE networks
Schacht, Rodriguez Ricardo. "Planification de la mission des drones basée sur le pronostic et la gestion de la santé". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0257.
Texto completoRotorcraft Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) with take-off and vertical landing capabilities or multirotors have proved to be an efficient and low-cost solution for civil flight applications due to significant advances in the development of robust and more efficient altitude and attitude control strategies, planning and re-planning algorithms capable of detecting and avoiding obstacles and Fault Diagnosis & Fault Tolerant Control methods. In most applications where multirotors are used, they develop different task as exploration, photogrammetry, filming, mapping and more recently all those dedicated to precision agriculture such as irrigation and crop monitoring. During the task development, the multirotor executes a mission which consists to fly through a set of paths connected by n reference points (named way-points) inside a known or unknown area. However, during the mission development, different negative factors decrease the multirotor flight performance such as environmental conditions, occurrence of faults or failures in actuators/sensors and energetic limitations due to the power source constraints. The energetic limitation problem in a multirotor are due to power capabilities that on-board battery can supply. Due to power and energy requirements, multirotors are powered by Lithium Polymer batteries which are rechargeable batteries of Lithium-Ion technology. They possess a polymer electrolyte instead of a liquid electrolyte and provide high power and energy densities. However, according to the use due to the number of charge/discharge cycles and other factors like damage provoked by over-discharges, the battery performances tend to decrease. Such decrease or aging causes a reduction in the efficiency of the UAV multirotor flight by the decrease of the total mission time or flight endurance, and leads to maneuverability problem, which increases the risk of crash and collision. This thesis topic addresses the issues concerning to battery performances and its influence into the mission and path planning tasks. By considering model-based prognosis techniques and path planning methods, a hierarchy mission planning strategy based on energy consumption is proposed and validated at simulation level considering different flight situations. The UAV performances, as well as its capability to execute and fulfill a mission is weighted by the computation of the battery State of Health (SoH) which is an index to measure the degradation level of the battery. The SoH helps to estimate the battery Remaining Useful Life (RUL) and establishes the energy limitation by the computation of the Maximum Flight Endurance (MFE). Such information is necessary to path planning generation which not only consider the constraints related to the power source but also the scopes and limitations of the mission to be executed. In addition, the main concern of this thesis are long time-distance missions e.g exploration or inspection of remote areas where it is fundamental to have a proper use of energy aboard the multirotor
Khezaz, Abderraouf. "Perception enhancement of an autonomous vehicle through the use of UAV". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG052.
Texto completoDue to the evolution of electronic calculation and communication methods, the concept of the intelligent city is rapidly taking shape. The numerous sensors and actuators positioned in inhabited spaces allow a better monitoring of the data that passes between users, and an optimization of living comfort.The use of vehicles remains one of the most widely used means of travel in the world. Here too, technological advances have allowed evolution enabling cars to drive themselves, with little to no human assistance. However, it is important to consider the safety of road users in this increasingly populated environment.This thesis proposes to improve the perception capability of an autonomous vehicle through the use of drones. Due to their advantageous positioning and small size, they can collect perception data and transmit them to the vehicle using a secure method, such as VLC communication. The data from the different sources are then federated and processed thanks to a knowledge base and a set of logical rules
Kendoul, Farid. "Modélisation et commande de véhicules aériens autonomes, et développement d'un pilote automatique basé sur la vision". Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1694.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we address the 3D flight control problem for small unmanned aerial vehicles. The first step in achieving such UA V autonomy is basic stability. In doing so, we investigate control techniques which would allow a small rotorcraft UA V to perform autonomously basic tasks such as take-off, hovering and landing. The proposed flight controllers consider actuator saturation and guarantee system stability and good flight performance. One of the main contributions of this thesis is also the development of a vision-based autopilot for self localization, obstacles detection and control of small autonomous helicopters using optic flow and inertial data. The proposed autopilot is inspired by insects and represents a major step toward our goal of designing autonomous small flying machines capable of navigating within urban and unknown environments. It is composed of a vision module for localization and perception, and an adaptive control system for navigation and trajectory tracking
Lugo, Cárdenas Israel. "Autonomous take-off and landing for a fixed wing UAV". Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2364/document.
Texto completoThis work studies some of the most relevant problems in the direction of navigation and control presented in a particular class of mini‐aircraft. One of the main objectives is to build a lightweight and easy to deploy vehicle in a short period of time, an unmanned aerial vehicle capable of following a complete mission from take‐o⁄ to the following waypoints and complete the mission with an autonomous landing within a delimitated area using a graphical interface in a computer. The Trajectory Generation It is the part that tells the drone where it must travel and are generated by an algorithm built into the drone. The classic result of Dubins is used as a basis for the trajectory generation in 2D and we have extended it to the 3D trajectory generation. A path following strategy developed using the Lyapunov approach is presented to pilot a fixed wing drone across the desired path. The key concept behind the tracking controller is the reduction of the distance between the center of mass of the aircraft p and the point q on the path to zero, as well as the angle between the velocity vector and the vector tangent to the path. In order to test the techniques developed during the thesis a customized C # .Net application was developed called MAV3DSim (Multi‐Aerial Vehicle 3D Simulator). The MAV3DSim allows a read / write operation from / to the simulation engine from which we could receive all emulated sensor information and sent to the simulator. The MAV3DSim consists of three main elements, the simulation engine, the computation of the control law and the visualization interface. The simulation engine is in charge of the numeric integration of the dynamic equations of the vehicle, we can choose between a quadrotor and a xed wing drone for use in simulation. The visualization interface resembles a ground station type of application, where all variables of the vehicle s state vector can be represented on the same screen. The experimental platform functions as a test bed for the control law prototyping. The platform consists of a xed wing aircraft with a PX4 which has the autopilot function as well as a Raspberry PI mini‐computer which to the implementation of the generation and trajectory tracking. The complete system is capable of performing an autonomous take‐o⁄and landing, through waypoints. This is accomplished by using each of the strategies developed during the thesis. We have a strategy for take‐o⁄ and landing, which is generated by the navigationon part that is the trajectory generator. Once we have generated the path, it is used by the trajectory tracking strategy and withthat we have landing and take‐o⁄ autonomously
Benziane, Lotfi. "Contributions à l'estimation et à la commande d'attitude de véhicules aériens autonomes". Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS015V/document.
Texto completoNowadays, we see a growing popularity of the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) ofespecially Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) type. One of the most known VTOL is thequadrotor or Quadcopter which is probably the most used one as a research platform. Thisthesis deal with attitude control and estimation techniques applied to a rigid body movingin 3D space such as Quadcopter VTOL. The first contribution of this thesis is the design ofa new class of complementary linear-like filters allowing the fusion of inertial vector measurementswith angular velocity measurements and combined with algebraic algorithms asTRIAD, QUEST etc. to give an efficient attitude estimation solution. This class of filtersallows several possibilities of implementation such as the order of the filters which can bechosen high in order to reduce more the measurement noise and the form of the filters thatcan be direct or passive and the ability to take into account the possible gyro bias. Lyapunovanalysis shows the global asymptotic convergence of the estimation errors to zero. The sameprinciple of data fusion is used for the proposed new attitude control law in which the complementaryfilters were included to reduce the effect of measurement noise. The obtainedcontroller ensures almost global stability of the desired equilibrium point; it represents thesecond contribution of this thesis. The third contribution takes into consideration an interestingspecial case, where instantaneous measurements of attitude and angular velocity areunavailable. A first order linear auxiliary system based directly on vector measurements isused in an observer-like system to handle the luck of angular velocity. The proposed controllerensures almost global asymptotic stability of the trajectories to the desired equilibriumpoint. Detailed sets of experiments were done to validate the obtained results
Hattenberger, Gautier. "Vol en formation sans formation : contrôle et planification pour le vol en formation des avions sans pilote". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00353676.
Texto completoBayerlein, Harald. "Machine Learning Methods for UAV-aided Wireless Networks". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS154.
Texto completoAutonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), spurred by rapid innovation in drone hardware and regulatory frameworks during the last decade, are envisioned for a multitude of applications in service of the society of the future. From the perspective of next-generation wireless networks, UAVs are not only anticipated in the role of passive cellular-connected users, but also as active enablers of connectivity as part of UAV-aided networks. The defining advantage of UAVs in all potential application scenarios is their mobility. To take full advantage of their capabilities, flexible and efficient path planning methods are necessary. This thesis focuses on exploring machine learning (ML), specifically reinforcement learning (RL), as a promising class of solutions to UAV mobility management challenges. Deep RL is one of the few frameworks that allows us to tackle the complex task of UAV control and deployment in communication scenarios directly, given that these are generally NP-hard optimization problems and badly affected by non-convexity. Furthermore, deep RL offers the possibility to balance multiple objectives of UAV-aided networks in a straightforward way, it is very flexible in terms of the availability of prior or model information, while deep RL inference is computationally efficient. This thesis also explores the challenges of severely limited flying time, cooperation between multiple UAVs, and reducing the training data demand of DRL methods. The thesis also explores the connection between drone-assisted networks and robotics, two generally disjoint research communities
Rondon, Sallan Eduardo. "Navigation d'un véhicule aérien par flux optique". Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1912.
Texto completoThis thesis is focused in the design of visual strategies to ensure the autonomousnavigation of a quad-rotor rotary wing UAV. The first step on thisstudy was to design a quad-rotor perfectly suited for the requirements related to the visual navigation such as fast rotational dynamics and sufficient payload capabilities. Then the stabilization and the speed regulation problem were addressed. For this purpose, we have developed a vision system which estimates the altitude, the lateral position and the forward speed of the engine during flights. We show that the visual information allows the construction of control strategies for different kinds of flying modes: hover flight, forward flight at constant speed. A hierarchical control strategy is developed and implemented. An experimental autonomous flight was successfully achieved, validating the visual algorithm and the control law. However, in order to be completely autonomous the robot must be capable to overcome all unexpected changes in its environment. To achieve the required functions, a reactive behavior has been built. The proposed approach aims to detect and avoid frontal obstacles using known properties of the optical flow and by taking advantage of the capability of stationary flight of the rotorcraft. A state machine is proposed as a solution to equip the UAV with all reactions necessary for indoor navigation. We show how smooth transitions can be achieved by decreasing the speed of the vehicle proportionally to the distance to an obstacle and by brief instants of stationary flight
Alvarez, Custodio Maria. "Autonomous Recharging System for Drones: Detection and Landing on the Charging Platform". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245197.
Texto completoUnder de senaste åren har användningen av inomhusdrönare ökat betydligt på många olika områden. En av de största begränsningarna för dessa drönare är batteritiden. Detta beror på att batteristorleken måste begränsas eftersom drönarna har en väldigt begränsad maximal nyttolast för att kunna flyga. Därför måste de laddas ofta, vilket involverar mänskligt ingripande och därmed begränsar drönartillämpningarna. För att lösa detta problem presenterar detta examensarbete ett autonomt laddningssystem för en nanodrönare, Crazyflie 2.0. Genom att automatisera batteriladdningsprocessen behövs inget mänskligt ingrepp, och därigenom kan uppdragstiden för drönaren ökas avsevärt och bredda de möjliga tillämpningarna. Huvudmålet med denna avhandling är designen och implementationen av ett styrsystem för en inomhusdrönare, för att styra den mot en landningsplattform och landa korrekt på den. Arbetet inkluderar det faktiska laddningssystemet också, så att slutresultatet är ett fullständigt autonomt system. Innan regulatorn och systemet utformas och presenteras presenteras en genomgång av bakgrundsmaterial och analys av befintliga lösningar för problemet med autonom landning. En kamera monteras på Crazyflie 2.0 för att kunna detektera och positionera landningsstationen och styra drönaren med avseende på detta. För detektion används ArUcobibliotekets markörer vilka också gör det möjligt att räkna ut kamerans position och orientering med avseende på markören och därmed laddstationen. Slutligen utförs tester för att utvärdera systemet. Den erhållna flygtiden är 4,6 minuter och landningsprestandan (andel korrekta landningar på första försöket) är 80%.
Gomez-Balderas, José-Ernesto. "Localisation et commande embarquée d'un drone en utilisant la vision". Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1969.
Texto completoVisual servoing is a control approach based on visual information. In this thesis, visual servoing schemes are proposed to control a quadrotor and an octarotor applied to positioning and navigation task. Concerning the quadrotor we use a hierarchical control scheme whose inner-loop (fast dynamic) focuses on attitude dynamics, while outer-loop (slow dynamics) deals with translational dynamics. Also, a nonlinear controller based on separated saturations for a quadrotor is proposed to stabilize it attitude. The linear position and velocity of the rotorcraft are obtained by using a vision-based algorithm via a monocular caméra. The dynamic model of the quadrotor is presented using the Newton-Euler formalism. In other vision system, two cameras are used to estimate the translational position and velocity of the vehicle. Position was obtained using a frontal camera looking at a target placed on a wall. Quadrotor velocity was estimated using a camera pointing vertically downwards running an optical flow algorithm. Experimental tests showed that the quadrotor performed well at hover flight using the proposed vision based control system. Quadrotor vision-based. The same system was used to estimate the 3D position of the quadrotor over a trajectory using vanishing points. The performance of the vision and control algorithms has been tested in a real application by a quadrotor tracking a line painted in a wall. Similarly the velocity estimation is obtained using an optic flow algorithm. The estimated position and velocity information obtained from the vision system is combined with the angular rates and displacements of the inertial measurement unit to compute the control inputs. It has been shown that the proposed control scheme achieves the tracking objective of the visual reference. Octarotor vision-based. In this thesis, it is presented a visual feedback a control of an octarotor using image-based visual servoing (IBVS) with stereo vision. Autonomous control of an UAV requires a precise measurements and/or estimation of the vehicle’s pose and also the knowledge of its surrounding environment. In order to control the orientation and the position of flying robot with respect to a target, we propose to use a navigation system based on binocular vision system combined with inertial sensors. This combination of sensors, allows us to get a complete characterization of the state of aerial vehicle. In other words, using the stereo vision system we are able to estimate the UAV’s 3D position, while from the inertial sensors we obtain the orientation of rotorcraft. A semi-embedded navigation system combining stereo vision with inertial information is proposed. The hierarchical control approach is appropriate to stabilize the 6DOF dynamics of the quadrotor, it takes advantage of the time scale separation between rotational (fast) and translational (slow) dynamics. For this reason, despite the lower frequency rate of vision-based measurements is able to stabilize in real-time the quadrotor translational dynamics. This combination of measurement strategies has many advantages because one works very well at low speeds (vision system) and the other at high speeds (inertial sensors). Both work at different sample rate. Taking advantage of this property we have obtained a simplified dynamical model of the rotorcraft. This model is given by six independent double integrators which have been stabilized using proportional-derivative (PD) control. The real-time experiments have shown an acceptable performance of the flying machine applying the control law and sensing system proposed. An embedded control system for the mini rotorcraft is implemented. The control is validated by experimental tests. Experimental results show that the implementation of the control law on an embedded control system is satisfactory for autonomous hovering in indoors and outdoors with light or no wind. Real time experiences are developed to validate the performance of navigation systems proposed. This work highlights the potential of the computer vision based position control strategies for UAV
Garcia, Carrillo Luis Rodolfo. "Vision-based hovering and trajectory tracking of a quad-rotor". Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1957.
Texto completoThis research work is devoted to the development of original and robust control methods aiming at performing autonomous hover flights and navigation of a mini quad-rotor robotic helicopter. The vehicle is guided by an imaging system and a combination of inertial and altitude sensors, which allow a relative localization of the UAV with respect to its surrounding environment. The main idea of using this kind of sensor suit consists on enabling the robotic platform to perform autonomous tasks indoors as well as outdoors. The development of a real-time experimental platform is presented, consisting of a quad-rotor aerial vehicle and a supervisory ground station where imaging and control algorithms are executed. A control strategy for improving the attitude stabilization of the quad-rotor is proposed and tested in real-time experiments. The technique uses low cost compo-nents and an extra control loop based on motor armature current feedback. Two vision-based strategies are introduced, which allow the vehicle to localize it- self with respect an artificial landmark placed on ground. Such information together with a control strategy allows stabilizing the quad-rotor 3-dimensional position in real time experiments. A comparison of nonlinear controllers is addressed, with the objective of evaluating which control strategy is the most effective approach for stabilizing the quad-rotor when using visual feedback. For estimating the translational dynamics of the quad-rotor, imaging, inertial and altitude sensors are combined in a state observer. This sensing system allows the vehicle to estimate its relative position and translational velocity when evolving in unstructured, indoors, GPs-denied environments. Three different state observers are compared in real time experiments, aiming at obtaining the most effective approach for combining imaging and inertial sensors. Each state observer is tested in a real-time experiment, where the estimated states are used in a control strategy for stabilizing the vehicle’s position during flight
Belkadi, Adel. "Conception de commande tolérante aux défauts pour les systèmes multi-agents : application au vol en formation d'une flotte de véhicules autonomes aériens". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0183/document.
Texto completoIn recent years, the emergence of new technologies such as miniaturization of components, wireless communication devices, increased storage size and computing capabilities have allowed the design of increasingly complex cooperative multi-agent systems. One of the main research axes in this topic concerns the formation control of fleets of autonomous vehicles. Many applications and missions, civilian and military, such as exploration, surveillance, and maintenance, were developed and carried out in various environments. During the execution of these tasks, the vehicles must interact with their environment and among themselves to coordinate. The available communication tools are often limited in scope. The preservation of the connection within the group then becomes one of the objectives to be satisfied in order to carry out the task successfully. One of the possibilities to guarantee this constraint is the training displacement, which makes it possible to preserve the distances and the geometrical structure of the group. However, it is necessary to have tools and methods for analyzing and controlling these types of systems in order to make the most of their potential. This thesis is part of this research direction by presenting a synthesis and analysis of multi-agent dynamical systems and more particularly the formation control of autonomous vehicles. The control laws developed in the literature for formation control allow to carry out a large number of missions with a high level of performance. However, if a fault/failure occurs in the training, these control laws can be very limited, resulting in unstable system behavior. The development of fault tolerant controls becomes paramount to maintaining control performance in the presence of faults. This problem will be dealt with in more detail in this thesis and will concern the development and design of Fault tolerant controls devolved to a fleet of autonomous vehicles according to different configuration/structuring
Vignogna, Antoniangelo. "Swarm of Drones: il futuro delle tecnologie autonome". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20385/.
Texto completoADER, MARIA y DAVID AXELSSON. "Drones in arctic environments". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217918.
Texto completoDetta är ett examensarbete utfört av Maria Ader och David Axelsson, studenter på civilingenjörsprogrammet Design och Produktframtagning på KTH, med masterinriktning Teknisk Design. Arbetet är utfört åt ÅF i syfte att bidra till EU-projektet ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴀᴄᴛ. Iɴᴛᴇʀᴀᴄᴛ är EU:s satsning på klimatforskning i Arktis och syftar till att “koordinera och harmonisera forskning och miljöbevakning som bidrar till vår kunskap och förståelse av förändringar som sker i de arktiska miljöerna.” Ett av tolv delprojekt inom ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴀᴄᴛ-projektet syftar till att öka medvetenheten om drönarteknologi och sensorer bland forskare och föreståndare på forskningsstationerna inom ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴀᴄᴛ, samt att göra drönarindustrin medveten om nya potentiella användningsområden. En drönare är ett obemannat luftfartyg, d.v.s. en flygfarkost utan pilot ombord. Drönare benämns ibland som “UAS” och “UAV”. I den här rapporten används främst den engelska termen “drones”. Detta examensarbete undersöker behovet av drönare på de forskningsstationer som är delaktiga i ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴀᴄᴛ och hur det arktiska klimatet påverkar drönartekniken och ergonomin. Arbetet kartlägger även drönarmarknaden och de lagar och regler som påverkar användandet av drönare. En utförlig studie genomfördes, där forskarnas behov av drönare undersöktes. En enkät skickades ut inom ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴀᴄᴛ och utförliga intervjuer genomfördes med forskare och andra nyckelpersoner. Ett studiebesök på Tarfala forskningsstation kompletterade med fältdata. Den främsta insikten från studien var att behov, arbetsuppgifter och metoder varierar mycket mellan de olika forskarna. En annan insikt var att många ville använda drönare som sensorbärare, och på så sätt insamla data från stora områden på kort tid. Resultatet från studien låg till grund för en situationsbaserad drönarrekommendation samt ett konceptförslag för en enkel vattenprovtagningslösning.
Petkova, Mia. "Deploying drones for autonomous detection of pavement distress". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106049.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-61).
Road repair expenditure comprises a significant portion of US federal and municipal budgets. Inspection and timely maintenance are crucial preventative measures against pavement distress formation that can lower the monetary burden of repairs. Yet state of the art road inspection techniques still employ technicians to perform distress measurements manually. These methods are often too costly, time-consuming, labor-intensive and require technical expertise. Meanwhile, autonomous systems are increasingly deployed in place of human operators where tasks are monotonous and where risk of exposure to hostile conditions is great. As a time-consuming but highly repetitive task, road inspection presents a promising candidate for task automation. Automating road inspection can present significant efficiency gains that can aid agencies in responding to early signs of erosion in a timely manner. In this work, I explore the capacity of drones to perform autonomous pavement inspections. I develop a system that dispatches drones to survey an area, diagnose the presence of pavement distress in real time, and record imagery and coordinates of locations requiring repair. This system presents an alternative to on-ground inspections and tools that draw on crowd-sourced mechanisms to identify potholes. It builds on other recent technological solutions that employ remote sensing to collect and interpret data on pavement health. The results from this mission will be visualized through a web platform that can not only aid cities in consolidating a fragmented and costly data collection process, but also in minimize human error in the identification and prioritization of problem areas.
by Mia Petkova.
S.M.
Jiang, Ziwen M. EngMassachusetts Institute of Technology. "An autonomous landing and charging system for drones". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123029.
Texto completoThesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-71).
A sensor-equipped consumer-grade drone can help collect data about the world. However, a drone's flight time today is measured in tens of minutes. Charging multiple drones in a network also requires manual assistance. In this thesis, we develop an integrated system with an autonomous charging pad that a drone can accurately land on. At the same time, the charging system allows the drone to land in environments with low visibility, especially during the nighttime. This research combined vision-based marker detection and flight control algorithms to create accurate landing procedures with different camera modules. Two charging platform designs of wireless and wired contact charging were built with the marker. The autonomous charging system enables a drone to land more accurately than the GPS-based navigation and gets charged without human assistance.
by Ziwen Jiang.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Ibenthal, Julius. "Multi-target tracking by non-linear set-membership methods". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPAST124.
Texto completoSearching and tracking mobile targets remains a challenging task among the various applications for robots. This thesis considers the search and track of an unknown number of targets moving in a bounded area by a cooperative Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) fleet. Distributed estimation and control schemes are presented. The estimation schemes rely on the assumption that state perturbations and measurement noises are bounded. Robust distributed set-membership estimators are used to evaluate set estimates that are guaranteed to contain the target states. The set estimates are updated by each UAV using information collected from its sensors and from the neighboring UAVs. The trajectories of the UAVs are designed using model predictive control approaches. The control is designed to decrease the estimation uncertainty of the unknown, not yet detected targets and known, tracked targets.The developed estimation and control schemes rely on new detailed models of deterministic identification and detection conditions of the targets. These conditions account for UAV and target states, sensor constraints, and environmental obstacles. The developed estimators utilize measurements of identified and unidentified targets and are robust to the presence of potential decoys, which may be confused with the targets. Furthermore, the new deterministic detection model allows the evaluation of guaranteed set estimates of target locations in unknown structured environments, where it is challenging to demonstrate the absence of a target at a given location. To estimate the target locations, neither having nor building a map of the environment is necessary.Various simulations illustrate the ability of the proposed approaches to efficiently search and track an unknown number of moving targets within some delimited search area. Additionally, preliminary experimental studies are carried out
Kancir, Pierre. "Méthodologie de conception de système multi-robots : de la simulation à la démonstration". Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIS519/document.
Texto completoMulti-robot System Design Methodology : from Simulation to Demonstration Multi-robot systems are complex but promising systems in many fields, the number of academic works in this field underlines the importance they will have in the future. However, while these promises are real, they have not yet been realized, as evidenced by the small number of multi-robot systems used in the industry. However, solutions exist to enable industrialists and academics to work together on this issue. We propose a state of the art and challenges associated with the design of multi-robot systems from an academic and industrial point of view. We then present three contributions for the design of these systems: a realization of a heterogeneous swarm as a practical case study in order to highlight the design obstacles. The modification of an autopilot and a simulator to make them compatible with the development of multi-robot systems. Demonstration of an evaluation tool based on the two previous contributions. Finally, we conclude on the scope of this work and future perspectives based on open source
Chadha, Abhimanyu. "Vision Based Localization of Drones in a GPS Denied Environment". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99887.
Texto completoMaster of Science
In the recent years, technologies like Deep Learning and Machine Learning have seen many rapid developments. This has lead to the rise of fields such as autonomous drones and their application in fields such as bridge inspection, search and rescue operations, disaster management relief, agriculture, real estate etc. Since GPS is a highly unreliable sensor, we need an alternate method to be able to localize the drones in various environments in real time. In this thesis, we integrate a robust drone detection neural network with a camera which estimates the location. We then use this data to get the relative location of all the follower drones from the leader drone. We run experiments with the camera and in a simulator to show the accuracy of our results.
Hamáček, Vojtěch. "Vývoj bezpilotního prostředku pro autonomní mise". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442528.
Texto completoBoukraa, Djaber. "Sur la conception, la génération de trajectoires et la commande d'un avion autonome de faible dimension". Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2006. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2006/Interne/2006EVRY0027.pdf.
Texto completoThis work deals with the fixed wings unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) design, trajectories planning and control. The manuscript is organized as follows : The first part presents the process of design and the UAV modelling. In the second part we propose two algorithms. The first one allows to determining the trim configurations (state and control vectors) for different constraints and limitations to which it is subjected. The second algorithm is a trajectories planner; it uses like primitives a set of trim trajectories to reduce the complexity of the dynamical model. It generates the optimal trajectory by using bang-bang strategy. The last part of this manuscript presents a control technique based on output feedback linearization. This approach transforms the system into an equivalent linear system. This makes possible the use, after that, of any linear control approach
Sfard, Nathan. "Towards Autonomous Localization of an Underwater Drone". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1866.
Texto completoLaine, Rickard. "To drone, or not to drone : A qualitative study in how and when information from UxV should be distributed in rescue missions at sea". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167054.
Texto completoThorel, Sylvain. "Conception et réalisation d'un drone hybride sol/air autonome". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0054/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is dedicated to the non-linear control of a special hybrid quadrotor which is able to fly, and slide on the ground like an hovercraft. In the context of an autonomous indoor exploration this hybrid concept allows saving energy when flying is not necessary, since the drone can then slide on the ground without having to compensate for the gravity; autonomy can last beyond the 20 minutes typical of a standard quadrotor. Contrarily to wheeled mobile robots, the hybrid drone ability to move across space is strongly increased since it can fly to avoid obstacles, to move between two levels, to get in through a window. The study under consideration is essentially focused on the displacement of the drone on the ground and aims at designing and implementing a control law so that our system is able to track a 2D xy plane trajectory. This terrestrial quadrotor is similar to a slider underactuated vehicle. The point stabilisation is then separately studied from the trajectory tracking issue because of the Brockett condition, which is not satisfied in that case; our platform cannot be stabilized by means of continuous state feedbacks. This thesis proposes different theoretical developments based on the literature and deriving from time varying control laws, transverse functions, flatness or backstepping techniques to solve both point stabilisation and trajectory tracking. The experimental part of the thesis is based on the recovering of the drone position in real time and orientation via a Motion Capture system for feedback loop in the control law; the proposed dynamical model was validated as well as the control and command laws for the tracking of a circular trajectory
Lizarraga, Mariano. "Autonomous landing system for a UAV /". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FLizarraga.pdf.
Texto completoThesis advisor(s): Roberto Cristi, Isaac Kaminer. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125). Also available online.
Dumas, Pierre-Yves. "Intégrer la décision humaine lors de la mise à jour d'une mission de drones". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066732.
Texto completoHumans are still vital after years of automation and the clients of UAV mission systems want to preserve the human user’s key role because human knowledge, experience and judgment provide unique capability to analyze safety risks and to think ahead in uncertain and novel situations. Our first contribution is LOA4, a set of tree levels of automation in four dimensions to assess human involvement in partially automated systems. Previous sets focus too much attention on the computer rather than on the collaboration between the computer and its operator/supervisor. Unlike previous sets, our set systematically assess human involvement: is there none; some sometime; or some anytime. Its simplicity allow to recursively assess the situation of automation of a system based on the situation of automation of its parts. These information can be part of an IHM to increase the situation awareness in real time. Our second contribution is a mission system in which automated systems decide to delegate some decisions to humans. In order to increase the ratio number of “uavs / number of humans”, decisions that are untrusted to humans are mostly both ambivalent and critical. Some minor goals may be discarded to provide humans with more time to make their decisions. We implemented our approach and we report some results
Truong, Victor. "DIGUE : Détection d’Interférences Gnss pour U.a.v autonomE". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAS018.
Texto completoThis study is part of the field of GNSS interference detection, in particular spoofing interferences. Spoofing consist in inducing a false position to a receiver, i.e a position different from the receiver's true position. The study's aim is to propose an approach for detecting spoofing interferences on an autonomous UAV using data directly available on the receivers. With the study of the state of the art of spoofing detection methods, the monitoring of the clock bias seemed like a potential method. A numerical modeling of a spoofing attack on a receiver showed that the clock bias undergoes jumps when it switch from the GNSS constellation to the spoofing constellation. By replicating this attack on a commercial receivers using real signals, the clock bias shows higher jumps than expected by the model and in some cases the clock drift also show some jumps. These jumps have been observed on different more or less subtle attack scenarios, however the amplitude of the jumps seems random.To go further than the simple spoofing detection, an approach using a communicating drone formation has been proposed. This method is based on a movement protocol allowing to delimit a space area where the spoofer is supposed to be located. The current protocol is not yet fully completed but it offers a promising basis.The study of the behavior of the clock bias highlighted its interest in a GNSS spoofing detection strategy. Based on this observation, further work could be carried out on the development and implementation on a UAV of a detection algorithm based on the monitoring of the clock bias. The study of the use of a drone formation for the localization of a spoofer led to the basis of a promising solution. Further work could be carried out in order to complete the movement protocol and to validate its efficiency against different types of spoofers
Choudhary, Abhishek. "Autonomous Exploration and Data Gathering with a Drone". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223448.
Texto completoObemannade flygfarkoster (UAV) är smidiga och kan flyga in och ut ur områden som är farliga för människor eller är svårtillgängliga för markrobotar. För att nå höga nivåer av autonomitet måste en UAV kunna utforska och kartlägga ett okänt område på egen hand. Det finns flera tillämpningar för detta, så som räddningsuppdrag och datainsamling. Målet med denna avhandling är att visa attdet är möjligt att använda en UAV utrustad med 2D-laserskannrar för att utföra autonoma kartläggningsuppdrag i inomhusmiljöer. Systemet utvärderas genom att testa det i olika simulerade och verkliga miljöer. De presenterade resultaten visar att systemet kan utforska okända områden på ett säkert sätt.
Bananga, L. A. "Information technology of autonomous drone control system design". Master's thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86926.
Texto completoDickensheets, Benjamin D. "AvaDrone: An Autonomous Drone for Avalanche Victim Recovery". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14398525.
Texto completoTheodorakopoulos, Panagiotis. "On autonomous target tracking for UAVs". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/545/.
Texto completoMost applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are related to events that occur on the ground. In particular, ground target tracking, be the target static, slowly moving or maneuvering at high speeds, is an essential task for UAVs. The overall objective of this thesis is to provide methods to endow a drone to autonomously track a moving ground target, under the following conditions: - A fixed wing UAV equipped with a monocular camera. - Presence of obstacles that hinder ground visibility. - No Fly Zones that limit the airspace. - Restrictions on the field of view of the observing sensor (a camera) - Various target dynamics and behavior: the target may be either moving on an open field or on a road network, and also has dynamic constraints (e. G. If it is a car). It can be neutral or evasive: in the latter case, it can exploit the presence of obstacles, denoted as "shadows" to avoid being tracked by the UAV, making the problem akin to a "hide and seek" game. The thesis proposes three approaches to tackle this problem: - A control based navigation method, - An adversarial predictive method, - And a discrete game theoretic approach. Results obtained in realistic simulations and with an actual UAV are presented to evaluate and compare the pros and cons of each approach. Extensions to the multi-drone case are also considered
Tellez, guzman Jose juan. "Navigation autonome d'un drone en intérieur basée sur les images". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT034.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the design and practical implementation of aquadrotor indoor navigation system using a vision system whose inputdata are obtained from environment information acquired by an embedded camera placed on quadrotor system. Actually, some used techniquesare mono vision, stereo vision, SLAM among others. For our researchwe propose to work with mono vision system, due the limited payload ofa quadrotor system. Properties in image perspective are used to designthe embedded vision system which aim is to extract visual information,to fly placed always in the center of a corridor. Camera rotation matrix is obtained by means of orthogonal directions extracted by vanishingpoints, which directions define a common structured environment. Then,to control and to stabilize our quadrotor system, a quaternion boundedcontrol scheme is presented, which stabilize quadrotor’s orientation, andalso is used to control its heading direction merging visual information.Quadrotor estimation positions with respect to world reference in y andz-axes are used as input for the bounded position control to pose it atdesired position. It should be mentioned that vision strategy is not ableto estimate x-axis, thus this axis is controlled manually.In order to corroborate ours results, mathematical model, control lawand vision system are simulated to corroborate the closed-loop system’sstability and for test our result in real world some platforms have beendeveloped, proposing a new quasi-virtual system that merge virtual worldwith real platform
Phang, Nyit Sin. "Tethered operation of autonomous aerial vehicles to provide extended field of view for autonomous ground vehicles". Thesis, (2 MB), 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FPhang.pdf.
Texto completo"December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-48). Also available online from the Web site of the Naval Postgraduate School (http://www.nps.edu).
Frantz, Natalie R. "Swarm intelligence for autonomous UAV control". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FFrantz.pdf.
Texto completoNilsson, Per Johan Fredrik. "Planning semi-autonomous drone photo missions in Google Earth". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31473.
Texto completoHung, David, Cinthya Tang, Coby Allred, Kennon McKeever, James Murphy y Ricky Herriman. "AUTONOMOUS GROUND RECONNAISSANCE DRONE USING ROBOT OPERATING SYSTEM (ROS)". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627005.
Texto completo