Tesis sobre el tema "Downs (Firm)"
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1
Kartje, Michael J. "PASSED DOWN: MASCULINE FAMILIAL RELATIONS IN FILM". OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1491.
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My short narrative film Passed Down follows three generations of men in a family: a son, a father and a grandfather. Composed of four short scenes, the film focuses on the three characters as they work through issues of masculinity, passed down from one generation to the next. My film suggests that this cultural sharing is part of a much larger set of social boundaries that help define what it is to "be a man". These scenes reflect my own personal experience with this phenomenon, as a son and as a father myself.
2
Xiong, Zhibin. "Novel scaled-down poly-Si thin-film transistor devices and technologies /". View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202005%20XIONG.
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Holman, Milan. "40 Meters Down: A Diver's Journey". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/honors_theses/130.
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Edgren, Benjamin Bondesson /. Christian. "Twelvestep : Down inside". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för teknokultur, humaniora och samhällsbyggnad, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1671.
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Title: Music video: Twelvestep – DownInside Made by: Benjamin Bondesson Christian Edgren Tutor: Silvio Ocasic Course admin: Peter Ekdahl Purpose: To create a music video that we can stand, that challenges us in the creative process. And to help a struggling band with another medium to spread their music. Goal:We intend to create a great product that is demanding and educational to us. Especially when it comes to cooperation and editing/post production. Keywords:Music video, digital video, filmTitel: Musikvideo: Twelvestep – Down Inside Skapad av: Benjamin Bondesson Christian Edgren Handledare: Silvio Ocasic Kursansvarig: Peter Ekdahl Syfte: Att skapa en musikvideo vi kan stå för och som kräver mycket av oss i skapande processen. Samt att hjälpa ett kämpande band med att få ett annat medium att sprida sin musik på. Mål: Vi avser att uppnå en snygg och bra produkt, som kräver mycket av oss och som ska lära oss mycket under skapandet. Framförallt vad det gäller samarbete och redigering/efterproduktion. Nyckelord:Musikvideo, digitalvideo, film
Benjamin Bondesson 0704-247 442 Christian Edgren 0704-832 106
5
Broach, Margaret Ann. "“Down to the Last:” An experiment in comedy, stunts, and visual effects". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2246.
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This paper will cover the creation of my thesis film, “Down to the Last,” from concept to completion, with a special focus on writing a dark comedy with a strong female lead, and the desire to incorporate visual effects and stunts to enhance the overall story. Details of how my crew and I decided to approach the challenges of my script and vision will be fleshed out along with solutions to problems we faced during preproduction, principle photography, and postproduction. The outcome of the project is a combination of minute deviations from my initial vision and a minimization of visual effects in order to preserve the tone and humor of the story.
6
Morris, Emily. "Breaking Down Masculinity in Breaking Bad and the Western Genre: Performance and Disruption". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/192.
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I am proposing a critical inquiry into the structural function of the character of Skyler White in AMC’s Breaking Bad as well as a further investigation of show’s relationship to the Western genre and the construction of masculinity.
7
Garcia, Ashley D. "Justice looks down on female victims or favors the bold| An ideological reading of select contemporary American films". Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1594005.
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The themes of crime and justice have captured the attention of Americans for decades. These themes are frequently portrayed in Hollywood films. While these stories capture the attention of Americans, both young and old, they propagate messages about what justice is, how it should be accomplished, who should serve it, and who is worthy to receive it. These messages have important implications for how Americans come to understand the American criminal justice system and its procedures. Reflective of lived experience, films about crime and justice have often drawn upon the victimization of women as an exigency for telling tales about justice as related to females. The Bounty Hunter (2010), The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011), Les Misérables (2012), and Safe Haven (2013) are analyzed using ideological criticism to reveal their ideological constructions of justice for women, what subject positions these films interpellate female audience members into, and how women, as interpellated by these ideologies, should engage in the criminal justice system.
8
Almabrok, Almabrok Abushanaf. "Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Up and Down Vertical Pipes". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8447.
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Multiphase flows occurring in pipelines with a serpentine configuration is an important phenomenon, which can be encountered in heat exchangers used in a variety of industrial processes. More specifically, in many industrial units such as a large cracking furnace in a refinery, the tubes are arranged in a serpentine manner and are relatively short. As flow negotiates round the 180o bend at the ends of the tubes, the generated centrifugal force could cause flow maldistribution creating local dry spots, where no steady liquid film is formed on the adjacent straight sections of the pipe. As a result, events including coking, cracking and overheating of heat transfer surfaces may occur and lead to frequent shutdown of the facilities. Consequently, this could increase operating costs and reduce production revenue. Thus, it is desirable to know the effect that the bends exert on the flow in the straight part of the pipe. Apart from this, knowledge of the bend effects on the flows in the pipeline could also be important for the design of other pipelines for gas/liquid transport, e.g. offshore gas and oil pipelines.
Quite a large number of studies have been found in the literature. The majority of them were for two-phase flow with small diameter pipes (i.d. ≤ 50 mm). However, studies with large diameter pipes (i.d. ≥ 100 mm), have increasingly been considered in recent years as problems related to large diameter vertical pipes are being encountered more and more often in industrial situations.
This thesis studies the effect of 180o bends on the characteristics and development of gas-liquid two-phase flows in large diameter downward and upward pipes. The study particularly focuses on the influence of serpentine configuration on flow structure, cross-sectional void distribution and circumferential liquid film profiles and their development along the downward and upward sections.
It was found that both the top and bottom bends have considerable impacts on flow behaviour, although to varying degrees. These impacts were highly dependent on the air and water flow rates. For sufficient flow rates, the bends were observed to create flow maldistribution in the adjacent straight section, due to the effects of centrifugal force. The air moved towards the inner zone of the bend and the water towards the outer zone, while a lesser quantity of water was identified on the other surfaces of the pipe.
Investigation of the film thickness development in the downward and upward sections showed that, the liquid film behaviour close to the bends was significantly different from those located further away. This can be attributed to the centrifugal force of the bends.
Examination of the power spectral density (PSD) along the downward and upward sections showed that, the shape of PSD located in the adjacent section to the bends, was substantially different from those located further away.
Furthermore, several flow regime maps were generated which showed that, in addition to bubbly, intermittent and annular flows, unstable flows existed along the upward section, particularly for low gas and water flow rates. In this study it was found that, the lower bend was periodically blocked by the liquid and then blown through by the accumulated air.
The data obtained from this study were compared with different theoretical correlations found in the existing literature. Some discrepancy between the results of the current study and those of previous published materials was noted. Updated correlations were presented which provided well results when they applied for the data obtained from the current study and previous studies.
9
Stiles, Judith H. "The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, in early-successional coastal plain forests: tests of distribution and interaction strength". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46488.
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The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is an abundant and aggressive component of early-successional communities in the southeastern United States. After disturbance, it rapidly invades new habitats, and once there, it has strong competitive and predatory effects on the existing arthropod community. In upland coastal plain pine forests at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, I conducted two studies of fire ant ecology. In my first study (chapter 1), I investigated the way in which fire ants colonize early-successional road and powerline cuts through forests, and I tested whether some of these linear habitats provided better fire ant habitat than others. I found that fire ant mound density (#/ha) was similar in narrow dirt roads and in wider roads with the same intermediate level of mowing disturbance, and that density was lower in wide powerline cuts where the vegetation is only removed every five years. Furthermore, mound density was greatest near the edges of cleared roads and powerline cuts and was also greater on the northern sides of roads and powerline cuts where there was less shading from the adjacent forest. Results from this study suggest that allowing increased shading from adjacent forest vegetation, especially along northern roadside edges, would limit the suitability of road and powerline cuts as fire ant habitat, thereby slowing invasion. In my second study (chapter 2), I examined the impact of fire ants on arthropod and plant species in early-successional forest gaps. In a tritrophic system, I tested whether the top-down effect of insect herbivore consumption by fire ants was strong enough to cascade through two trophic levels and improve plant growth and fitness. I compared this potential effect to that of other arthropod predators in the community. I found that fire ants controlled the level of tissue damage to plant leaves by herbivores, but that the damage was not severe enough to influence plant growth or fitness. Fire ants had stronger negative interactions with insect herbivores than other predators in the community, and for this reason, fire ants can be considered keystone predators. This project provides further evidence that fire ants successfully invade even small patches of early-successional habitat that exist within larger matrices of uninhabitable, late-successional forest, and that once there, they have a dramatic effect on the arthropod community. Restricting the amount of early-successional habitat within southeastern forests, either as permanent road and powerline cuts or as temporary gaps, would limit the potential for strong and detrimental effects by the invasive fire ant.Master of Science
10
Suardin, Jaffee Arizon. "The integration of Dow's Fire and Explosion Index into process design and optimization to achieve an inherently safer design". Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4145.
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The integration of the safety parameter into process design and optimization is
essential. However, there is no previous work in integrating the fire and explosion index
(F&EI) into design and optimization. This research proposed a procedure for integrating
safety into the design and optimization framework by using the safety parameter as
optimization constraint. The method used in this research is DowâÂÂs Fire and Explosion
Index which is usually calculated manually.
This research automates the calculation of F&EI. The ability to calculate the
F&EI, to determine loss control credit factors and business interruption, and to perform
process unit risk analysis are unique features of this F&EI program. In addition to F&EI
calculation, the F&EI program provides descriptions of each item of the penalties,
chemicals/materials databases, the flexibility to submit known chemical/material data to
databases, and material factor calculations. Moreover, the sensitivity analyses are
automated by generating charts and expressions of F&EI as a function of material
inventory and pressure. The expression will be the focal point in the process of
integrating F&EI into process design and optimization framework. The proposed procedure of integrating F&EI into process design and
optimization framework is verified by applying it into reactor-distillation column
system. The final result is the optimum economic and inherently safer design for the
reactor and distillation column system.
11
Meng, Wang. "A Study on Characteristics of a Thin Liquid Film Flowing down a Uniformly Heated Plate with Constant Heat Flux". Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231338.
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O'Connor, Rory Charles. "Small Mammals Matter? Linking Plant Invasion, Biotic Resistance, and Climate Change in Post-Fire Plant Communities". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5756.
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The introduction and establishment of exotic species can profoundly alter ecosystems. Two exotic species drastically changing the landscape of deserts in western North America are Bromus tectorum L. and Bromus rubens L. Through the buildup of biomass and slow decomposition rates in deserts these two exotic annual grasses can alter fire regimes that change the plant and animal community dynamics in the ecosystems. To better understand the ecological mechanisms that could restrict or alter the patterns of invasive plant establishment we established a replicated full factorial experiment in the Great Basin and Mojave Desert. The combinations of factors being manipulated are burned or intact plant communities, and presence or exclusion of small mammals. Generally invasive species establishment is thought to be a result of competitive superiority or lack of natural enemies, but if that is the case then why do not all invasive species establish and become highly abundant in their new ecosystems? To understand why some invasive species establish and others do not we monitored three dominant exotic species from the Great Basin and the Mojave Desert, B. tectorum, Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.) C.A. Mey., and B. rubens. We observed that the presence of small mammals create a biotic resistance to B. tectorum, H. glomeratus, and B. rubens. This pattern was observed in both intact and burned plant communities; however, it was most prevalent in the burned plant communities. The strength of the biotic resistance on these invasive species varied between species and the years sampled. In deserts both plant and small mammal communities are tightly tied to precipitation. We wanted to understand how invasive species establishment is affected by small mammal presence after a fire disturbance, and manipulating total precipitation. Total precipitation was manipulated through three different treatments: 1) drought or 30% reduction of ambient precipitation; 2) ambient precipitation; 3) water addition or an increase of 30% ambient precipitation. We focused on B. rubens establishment in the Mojave Desert as our model organism by monitoring it beneath rain manipulation shelters nested in burned/intact and small mammal presence/absence full factorial plots. What we observed was that again small mammals created a biotic resistance on the density of B. rubens regardless of the burn or precipitation treatments. This biotic resistance also translated into decreasing B. rubens biomass and seed density. Under the drought and ambient precipitation treatments we found that small mammals kept the density and biomass equal but under increased precipitation the efficacy of biotic resistance on B. rubens density and biomass was lessened by the availability of the added water.
13
Eber, Robert Mark. "Dry chemical fire suppression system discharge modeling and testing". Link to electronic thesis, 2001. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0104101-114046/.
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Horn, Kevin J. "Factors Underlying Invasive Grass Fire Regimes in the Mojave Desert and its Consequences on Plant and Animal Communities". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4172.
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Climate change and exotic plant invasions are significant anthropogenic threats to desert community structure and resilience . In the Mojave Desert, the invasive grass red brome (Bromusrubens L) is increasing fire frequency and extent in response to climatic factors. The resilience of this ecosystem will be affected by how plant and animal communities respond to fire. To better understand these dynamics, we studied the environmental factors underlying changes in invasive grass fire regimes in the Mojave Desert and its structural and functional effects on plant and animal communities. Following fire, reestablishment of native vegetation can be preempted by repeated burning associated with the abundant exotic grass red brome. Red brome density is correlated with various climate and landscape variables, but to establish causality, we experimentally assessed germination and growth of red brome. Red brome responded positively to fall precipitation, finer-textured soils, fertile-islands soils, and soils from burned landscapes. Red brome germination is maximized in wet fall periods when adequate water and optimal temperatures overlap . To evaluate landscape responses of pre- and post-fire plant communities and the potential for repeated burning we analyzed vegetation greenness (NDVI) data from 1985-2011 in response to temperature and precipitation. Landscape analysis indicated that the dominance of exotic grasses increases on post-fire landscapes. Following wet fall and winter seasons, high red brome productivity increases fire potential. Without mitigation, the establishment of an invasive-plant-driven fire regime is likely and may drive state transitions from arid shrublands to arid annual grasslands. Potential revegetation of post-fire landscapes will depend at least in part upon the physiological response of surviving vegetation to post-fire landscapes. Plant physiological responses to post-fire landscapes were generally neutral or positive, suggesting that revegetation of post-fire landscapes is not precluded by resource loss associated with fire and may even be enhanced by post-fire conditions. This will likely translate to increased reproductive potential of surviving plants. Alterations to small mammal populations will likely play a role in the reestablishment of vegetation (both native and exotics) as small mammals have strong top-down effects in arid ecosystems. Diversity and species richness responded negatively to burned landscapes as Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami) increased in abundance while other species practically disappeared from burned landscapes. Merriam's kangaroo rat affects propagule sources through direct consumption, and seed dispersal. Increases in abundance and dominance of Merriam's kangaroo rat will likely alter plant recruitment.
15
Smith, Daniel Robert. "Soil respiration in a fire scar chronosequence of Canadian boreal jack pine forest". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/8268.
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This research investigates soil respiration (Rs) in a boreal jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) fire scar chronosequence at Sharpsand Creek, Ontario, Canada. During two field campaigns in 2006 and 2007, Rs was measured in a chronosequence of fire scars in the range 0 to 59 years since fire. Mean Rs adjusted for soil temperature (Ts) and soil moisture (Ms) (Rs T,M) ranged from 0.56 μmol CO2/m2/s (32 years post fire) to 8.18 μmol CO2/m2/s (58 years post fire). Coefficient of variation (CV) of Rs adjusted for Ts and Ms ranged from 20% (16 years post fire) to 56% (58 years post fire). Across the field site, there was a significant exponential relationship between Rs adjusted for soil organic carbon (Cs) and Ts (P = 1.24*10-06; Q10 = 2.21) but no effect of Ms on Rs adjusted for Cs and Ts for the range 0.21 to 0.77 volumetric Ms (P = 0.702). Rs T,M significantly (P = 0.030) decreased after burning mature forest, though no significant (P > 0.1) difference could be detected between recently burned and unburned young forest. Rs was measured in recently burned boreal jack pine fire scar age categories that differed in their burn history and there was a significant difference in Rs T,M between previously 32 v 16 year old (P = 0.000) and previously 32 v 59 year old (P = 0.044) scars. There was a strong significant exponential increase in S R T,M with time since fire (r2 = 0.999; P = 0.006) for the chronosequence 0, 16 and 59 years post fire, and for all these age categories, Rs T,M was significantly different from one another (P < 0.05). The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) was used to model vegetation re-growth over successional time at Sharpsand Creek, though it appeared to perform poorly in simulating leaf area index and canopy height. JULES probably over estimated heterotrophic Rs at Sharpsand Creek when Ts corrected simulated values were compared with measured Rs T,M. The results of this study contribute to a better quantitative understanding of Rs in boreal jack pine fire scars and will facilitate improvements in C cycle modelling. Further work is needed in quantifying autotrophic and heterotrophic contributions to soil respiration in jack pine systems, monitoring soil respiration for extended time periods after fire and improving the ability of JULES to simulate successional vegetation re-growth.
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Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/1/Glenda_Carri%C3%A8re_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines the implementation of the new digital information and communications
technologies (ICTs) by the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Non-government organisation (NGO) at the state, national and international levels through an ethnographic, participant observation case study, informed by the precepts of feminist research. A quantitative survey of Australian peak women's NGOs participating in the electronic mailing list - Pamela's List is also conducted mapping the context in which WIFT operates and providing an overview of Australian women's peak NGOs' uptake and use of ICTs. The
findings are situated in relation to a review of the international surveys available on women's
NGOs and the surveys and research reports available on the overall NGO sector, nationally
and internationally.
The study addresses two neglected areas in the ICT literature. For over a decade Feminist
theorists have pointed to the omission of gender as a focus in studies on the new information
and communications technologies. There has also been little research and few surveys into the uptake of ICTs by either women's NGOs or the broader NGO sector, nationally or internationally.
The detailed, longitudinal case study of the implementation process from pre-establishment
through to advanced use of digital communications by a women's NGO at state, national and international level is also unique. Combined with the survey, it affords the opportunity to not only document which ICTs are being adopted but also why particular technologies are being used over others and how they are being used.
Despite key successes, the results show less than optimum uptake, a lack of advanced or strategic use, and the myriad of challenges shared by all three WIFT organisations, Australian women's peak NGOs, and the national and international NGO sector in utilising ICTs. The reasons for this are analysed revealing the conflicting values between the NGO sector and
those underlying the development of ICTs and demonstrates that difficulties systemic to both
the technology and the NGO sector are limiting access and utilisation by women's NGOs.
While the myths of women as technophobic are seriously challenged by the findings, the study
highlights the importance of gender factors in limiting access and uptake and shaping the use
of ICTs. Australian women's NGOs' uptake is shown to be less than their mixed gender
counterparts and the study also reveals a lack of acknowledgement by government of gender as a key factor in the uptake of ICTs.
It is also shown that significant funding, infrastructure support and policy initiatives recognising the special technological and communication challenges of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector are needed, if both are to fully and strategically embrace these technologies and function effectively in the new millennium.
The significant contribution to knowledge of this thesis lies foremost in furthering the
understanding of gender as a key factor in the uptake and utilisation of the new ICTs while at
the same time challenging the patriarchal myth of women as technophobic. It thus contributes
to the reconstruction of the epistemologies surrounding women's relationship to technology.
The study also contributes to furthering the current very limited knowledge and understanding
of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector's uptake and use of information and communications technology. The knowledge and the critical insight provided is not purely historical but rather as the push to take up broadband begins, has relevance to this and future technological innovations. Without an understanding of the process, requirements and challenges faced by women's NGOs and the NGO sector in general, the existing problems will continue to be replicated.
The material presented in this study will be useful to all women's organisations and NGOs
contemplating establishing digital communications or wishing to review their current use of these technologies. It will also be of value to government and policy makers seeking to establish policies and initiatives that will enable NGOs to take up the new information and communication technologies.
17
Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000". Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/.
Texto completoResumen
This thesis examines the implementation of the new digital information and communications technologies (ICTs) by the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Non-government organisation (NGO) at the state, national and international levels through an ethnographic, participant observation case study, informed by the precepts of feminist research. A quantitative survey of Australian peak women's NGOs participating in the electronic mailing list - Pamela's List is also conducted mapping the context in which WIFT operates and providing an overview of Australian women's peak NGOs' uptake and use of ICTs. The findings are situated in relation to a review of the international surveys available on women's NGOs and the surveys and research reports available on the overall NGO sector, nationally and internationally. The study addresses two neglected areas in the ICT literature. For over a decade Feminist theorists have pointed to the omission of gender as a focus in studies on the new information and communications technologies. There has also been little research and few surveys into the uptake of ICTs by either women's NGOs or the broader NGO sector, nationally or internationally. The detailed, longitudinal case study of the implementation process from pre-establishment through to advanced use of digital communications by a women's NGO at state, national and international level is also unique. Combined with the survey, it affords the opportunity to not only document which ICTs are being adopted but also why particular technologies are being used over others and how they are being used. Despite key successes, the results show less than optimum uptake, a lack of advanced or strategic use, and the myriad of challenges shared by all three WIFT organisations, Australian women's peak NGOs, and the national and international NGO sector in utilising ICTs. The reasons for this are analysed revealing the conflicting values between the NGO sector and those underlying the development of ICTs and demonstrates that difficulties systemic to both the technology and the NGO sector are limiting access and utilisation by women's NGOs. While the myths of women as technophobic are seriously challenged by the findings, the study highlights the importance of gender factors in limiting access and uptake and shaping the use of ICTs. Australian women's NGOs' uptake is shown to be less than their mixed gender counterparts and the study also reveals a lack of acknowledgement by government of gender as a key factor in the uptake of ICTs. It is also shown that significant funding, infrastructure support and policy initiatives recognising the special technological and communication challenges of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector are needed, if both are to fully and strategically embrace these technologies and function effectively in the new millennium. The significant contribution to knowledge of this thesis lies foremost in furthering the understanding of gender as a key factor in the uptake and utilisation of the new ICTs while at the same time challenging the patriarchal myth of women as technophobic. It thus contributes to the reconstruction of the epistemologies surrounding women's relationship to technology. The study also contributes to furthering the current very limited knowledge and understanding of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector's uptake and use of information and communications technology. The knowledge and the critical insight provided is not purely historical but rather as the push to take up broadband begins, has relevance to this and future technological innovations. Without an understanding of the process, requirements and challenges faced by women's NGOs and the NGO sector in general, the existing problems will continue to be replicated. The material presented in this study will be useful to all women's organisations and NGOs contemplating establishing digital communications or wishing to review their current use of these technologies. It will also be of value to government and policy makers seeking to establish policies and initiatives that will enable NGOs to take up the new information and communication technologies.
18
Stöckel, Chris. "Piezoelektrische Aluminiumnitrid-Dünnschichten für mikroelektromechanische Systeme". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-215293.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden der Entwurf, die Technologie und die Parameteridentifikation von Silizium basierten mikroelektromechanischen Systemen (MEMS) mit piezoelektrischen Dünnschicht-Aluminiumnitrid (AlN) vorgestellt. Auf Basis des AlNs als elektromechanischer Wandler erfolgt die Fertigung eines MEMS Technologiedemonstrators für energiearme Inertialsensoren. Das AlN wird über einen reaktiven Sputterprozess auf einer Wachstumsschicht abgeschieden. Durch Parametervariation des reaktiven Sputterprozesses und der Wachstumsschicht werden die piezoelektrischen Eigenschaften des AlNs optimiert. Die Entwicklung einer Gesamttechnologie führt zu einer Integration des Dünnschicht-AlNs in Silizium-Mikromechaniken. Die Röntgenbeugung (XRD) ermöglicht die Kristallstruktur des AlNs zu qualifizieren. Darüber hinaus werden weitere Analysemethoden vorgestellt, die eine hoch genaue und reproduzierbare messtechnische Bestimmung der piezoelektrischen Koeffizienten aus mikromechanischen Messstrukturen ermöglichen. Die Determination der piezoelektrischen Koeffizienten des Dünnschicht-AlNs aus den Messstrukturen erfolgt mittels analytischen und FE Modellen sowie der Laser-Doppler-Vibrometrie (LDV). Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt hierbei auf der Identifikation der longitudinalen und transversalen piezoelektrischen Ladungskoeffizienten des AlNs. Als Technologiedemonstrator wird ein einachsiger Inertialsensor mit integriertem piezoelektrischen Dünnschicht-AlN vorgestellt. Das MEMS generiert aufgrund des piezoelektrischen Wandlers intrinsisch elektrische Ladungen bei Einwirkung einer mechanischen Energie. Dadurch ist keine elektrische Energiezufuhr für die Messung eines inertialen Ereignisses notwendig. Der vorgestellte Demonstrator wird hinsichtlich seiner Ladungs- und Spannungssensitivität optimiert. Zur theoretischen Beschreibung der Funktionsweise werden analytische, sowie FE und SPICE Modelle genutzt. Eine Charakterisierung des MEMS Bauelements erfolgt hinsichtlich der mechanischen und elektrischen EigenschaftenThe thesis includes the design, the technology and the parameter identification of silicon-based microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with piezoelectric thin film of aluminum nitride (AlN). A low-energy inertial sensor as technology demonstrator based on AlN as an electromechanical transducer a MEMS manufacturing process is shown. The AlN is deposited via a reactive sputtering on a growth layer. By varying parameters of the reactive sputtering and the growth layer of AlN, the piezoelectric properties can be optimized. The development of an overall technology results to an integration of the thin film AlNs in silicon micromechanics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) allows to qualify the crystal structure of AlN. Further methods are developed that enable a highly accurate and repeatable metrological determination of piezoelectric coefficients measurement structures. The determination of piezoelectric coefficients of the thin film AlN from the measurement structures is resulting from analytical methods and FE models and the laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The identification of the longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric charge coefficient of AlN is one main focus of this work. A uniaxial inertial sensor with an integrated piezoelectric thin film of AlN is presented as technology demonstrator. The piezoelectric transducer of the MEMS is generating electric charges intrinsically as reaction of mechanical stress. Thus, no electric power supply for the measurement of an inertial event is necessary. The presented demonstrator has been optimized with respect to its charge and voltage sensitivity. For a theoretical description analytical and FE and SPICE models are used. A characterization of the MEMS device is carried out with regard to the mechanical and electrical properties
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Droste, Felix. "Signal transmission in stochastic neuron models with non-white or non-Gaussian noise". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17294.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Einfluss von nicht-weißem oder nicht-Gauß’schem synaptischen Rauschen auf die Informationsübertragung in stochastischen Neuronenmodellen. Ziel ist es, zu verstehen, wie eine Nervenzelle ein Signal in ihrer Pulsaktivität kodiert. Synaptisches Rauschen beschreibt hier den Einfluss anderer Nervenzellen, die nicht das interessierende Signal tragen, aber seine Übertragung durch ihre synaptische Wirkung auf die betrachtete Zelle beeinflussen. In stochastischen Neuronenmodellen wird diese Hintergrundaktivität durch einen stochastischen Prozess mit geeigneter Statistik beschrieben. Ist die Rate, mit der präsynaptische Pulse auftreten, hoch und zeitlich konstant, die Wirkung einzelner Pulse aber verschwindend gering, so wird das synaptische Rauschen durch einen Gauß’schen Prozess beschrieben. Oft wird zudem angenommen, dass das Rauschen unkorreliert (weiß) ist. In dieser Arbeit wird neuronale Signalübertragung in dem Fall untersucht, dass eine solche Näherung nicht mehr gerechtfertigt ist, d.h. wenn der synaptische Hintergrund durch einen stochastischen Prozess beschrieben werden muss, der nicht weiß, nicht Gauß’sch, oder weder weiß noch Gauß’sch ist. Mittels Simulationen und analytischer Rechnungen werden drei Szenarien behandelt: Zunächst betrachten wir eine Zelle, die nicht ein, sondern zwei Signale empfängt, welche zusätzlich durch synaptische Kurzzeitplastizität gefiltert werden. In diesem Fall muss der Hintergrund durch ein farbiges Rauschen beschrieben werden. Im zweiten Szenario betrachten wir den Fall, dass der Effekt einzelner Pulse nicht mehr als schwach angenommen werden kann. Das Rauschen ist dann nicht mehr Gauß’sch, sondern ein Schrotrauschen. Schließlich untersuchen wir den Einfluss einer präsynaptischen Population, deren Feuerrate nicht zeitlich konstant ist, sondern zwischen Phasen hoher und niedriger Aktivität, sogenannten up und down states, springt. In diesem Fall ist das Rauschen weder weiß noch Gauß’sch.This thesis is concerned with the effect of non-white or non-Gaussian synaptic noise on the information transmission properties of single neurons. Synaptic noise subsumes the massive input that a cell receives from thousands of other neurons. In the framework of stochastic neuron models, this input is described by a stochastic process with suitably chosen statistics. If the overall arrival rate of presynaptic action potentials is high and constant in time and if each individual incoming spike has only a small effect on the dynamics of the cell, the massive synaptic input can be modeled as a Gaussian process. For mathematical tractability, one often assumes that furthermore, the input is devoid of temporal structure, i.e. that it is well described by a Gaussian white noise. This is the so-called diffusion approximation (DA). The present thesis explores neuronal signal transmission when the conditions that underlie the DA are no longer met, i.e. when one must describe the synaptic background activity by a stochastic process that is not white, not Gaussian, or neither. We explore three distinct scenarios by means of simulations and analytical calculations: First, we study a cell that receives not one but two signals, additionally filtered by synaptic short-term plasticity (STP), so that the background has to be described by a colored noise. The second scenario deals with synaptic weights that cannot be considered small; here, the effective noise is no longer Gaussian and the shot-noise nature of the input has to be taken into account. Finally, we study the effect of a presynaptic population that does not fire at a rate which is constant in time but instead undergoes transitions between states of high and low activity, so-called up and down states.
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DlukhaNurcholik, Samsu y 劉杉孰. "Fire and Heat Resistance of Curtain Materials with Down-Flowing Water Film". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11501060882065904739.
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碩士國立成功大學
機械工程學系
103
To ensure safety in public buildings, effective methods for suppressing the spread of fire are required. This study examines the feasibility of using a curtain with a down-flowing water film to achieve this requirement. Three types of curtain are considered, namely a commercial fireproof curtain, a simple towel curtain and vertical blinds. For all curtains, small-scale fire resistance tests are performed at a temperature of 900 °C. In the tests, the fire resistance of the commercial curtain is investigated both with and without a down-flowing water film. By contrast, for the towel and vertical blinds, the tests are performed only with a water film since otherwise, the towel and vertical blinds would immediately combust. The results show that for the fireproof curtain without a water film, the temperature on the unexposed surface reaches 693 °C in less than 30 minutes. However, when the water film is applied, the temperature on the unexposed surface remains below 60 °C for more than 60 minutes. In other words, the curtain satisfies the CNS 14803 standard. Significantly, the same result is obtained when using the simple towel curtain. Thus, the use of a simple towel curtain with a down-flowing water film provides is an inexpensive and convenient alternative to more expensive fireproof curtains. For the vertical blinds, the experiment was unsuccessful due the heat of the furnace making the strip become wrinkled, and thus degrading the uniformity of the water film.
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Huang, Jou-Chia. "Running upside down". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4874.
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The following report describes the making of the short film Running Upside Down in its entirety from the genesis of the idea to pre-production, production, post-production, and finally reflections and musings of the whole process. Running Upside Down is a story about a father and son’s journey to reconciliation though oceans apart and also of a young girl’s dream to travel to America. Supplemental materials to the report include the original script, budget and shooting schedule. This short film was produced as my Graduate Thesis Film in the Department of Radio-Television-Film at the University of Texas at Austin in fulfillment of my MFA in Film Production.text
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Lin, Ya-cing y 林雅卿. "The Ownership Structure and Asset Write-down in Financial Distress Firm". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52913260006362956336.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
94
Abstract This study examines (1) The timing of fixed asset disposal and earning management (2) Differential behavior of financial distress and non-financial distress companies (3) whether director''s and supervisor''s stock pledged ratio is related to earnings management via fixed asset disposal. The data includes 48 paired companies samples of 1995 to 2004. The results show (1) the fixed asset disposal gain or loss has positive relation with prior period EPS-Net Income and debt equity ratio (2) the fixed asset disposal gain or loss of financial distress companies has significant positive relation with prior period EPS-Net Income (3) the relation between fixed asset disposal gain or loss and prior period EPS-Net Income turns to be weak in the financial distress company with higher pledged director''s stock. Compared to financial distress companies, the non-financial distress company with higher pledged ratio has positive relation between fixed asset disposal gain-loss and current year EPS-Net Income.And most of time, the disposal gain or loss of non-financial distress company has significant relation with firm characteristics. Keywords：Earnings Management、Financial Distress、Pledged Shares of Directors
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Chang, Yun-Ting y 張耘庭. "Exploring the Bright Side and Down Side of CEO Overconfidence on Firm Performance". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/358645.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
105
Prior literature reveals that a CEO’s overconfidence enhances firm performance up to a point but the effect is nonmonotonic. We demonstrate the non-linearity of CEO overconfidence and show that the non-linearity is affected by CEO’s power and experience. More specifically, we show that CEO overconfidence will be harmful to firm performance when the CEO is more powerful or more experienced. Our results are valid regardless of CEO overconfidence level. Based on our results, we suggest that a firm can make CEO overconfidence beneficial to firm performance by restricting CEO duality and long term tenure.
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Liu, Chia-yuan y 劉佳媛. "Inventory strategies for different cooperation level between up-down stream firms of a supply chain". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40270258602126973210.
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碩士國立成功大學
工業與資訊管理學系碩博士班
96
Confronted by the globalization and information explosion, various enterprises have been unable to follow the past business model and to operate single-handedly for achieving their business goals. Strategy alliance and collaboration between members are the best business models for win-win situation in the supply chain. No matter the collaboration way is cross industries, vertical, or horizontal, and supply chain management can promote overall competitiveness of members in the supply chain. Therefore, supply chain management already becomes the basic capability of enterprises to compete in the global market. This research described four main relationships between the suppliers and retailers in the supply chain: (1) respective independence, (2) supplier domination during negotiations with a retailer, (3) retailer domination during negotiation with a supplier, and (4) collaboration. According to inventory management of the suppliers and the retailers, we decide the optimal order quantity, reorder point, order frequency and production frequency to support the best choice for achieving win-win situation. Consequently, the effective information share and the comprehensive supply chain practice accomplish the best performance of supply chain. Base on this idea, we proposed an effective and accurate cost model and consider the decision through game theory. Lastly, we also employed sensitivity analysis and Taguchi method to discuss these conditions. When the enterprises face different collaboration ways, they can make the best decisions through the results of this research. Eventually, we explored the operation cost in collaboration situation is less than other three kinds of situations. The inventory information sharing can provide a faster and cheaper processing, which lead to shorter lead times and smaller batch sizes (Cachon & Fisher, 2,000). Hence, the collaboration is an ideal relationship between retailers and suppliers. The enterprises in the supply chain should consider oneself and the relation of up-down stream firms to select appropriate model. Further, the enterprises can realize the collaboration relationship for promoting their profits and reducing their total costs.
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Hung, Yung-Liang y 洪雍量. "The Value Creation of Gravity Casting Foundry’s Cooperative Strategy to Upper Stream and Down Stream Firms". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47751627006509394452.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
94
The casting industry is the foundation of the mechinery industry, and it involves broadly. In recent years, South East Asia, China and Korea have threating Taiwan seriously with the cheaper labors and facilities. At the same time, the regional protectionism is rising and NAFTA, U.N., ASEAN were found. It is more difficulty in Taiwan to increase export business. Overall, according to the shift in market demand and the dometic invested environment is getting worse. In the situations, the casting industry has to move out. Now, the competitive adventage of Taiwan in the international market is reducing. So, how to combine the adventage of Taiwan with traits to maintain the satus is a heavy duty for government, scholars and business owner. Overall, in addition to technology, the good coordination network is a particular adventadge in casting industry in Taiwan. The professional casting foundries are usually be the down stream firms’ coordinator. In addition to the casting, the situation of outsourcing others procedures by supproted companies is quite popurlar. In order to enhance our competition adventage, we should emphasize the value chain of the whole casting industry. The researcher analyzes the situation in the industry network of the cases by three factors in network theory: Actor, Activities and Resources, and then generalize the Value issues. Finally, research and compare these companies with each other. The discoveries in the research: 1. Enterprises strengthen their own abilities on purpose, and these objecives will affect the strategies of operation. 2. Enterprises seek the complementary resources on purpose, and these objecives will affect the strategies of operation. 3. The strategies of operation will affect the effects of the network relation which they seeked. 4. The strategies of operation will affect the rules of choosing parnership. 5. Enterprises seek the effects of the network relation on purpose, and these objecives will affect their cooperative strategies. 6. The rules of choosing parnership will affect their cooperative strategies. 7. The cooperative strategies will affect the quantity of their transaction values.
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Chen, Chun-I. y 陳俊益. "Nonlinear Stability Analysis of Film Flowing Down on the Inner and Outer Surfaces of a Rotating Cylinder". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68762325565396780640.
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博士國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
91
The paper presents both the linear and nonlinear stability theories for characterization of film flows down on the outer and inner surface of a rotating cylinder. After showing the insufficiency of the linear model in charactering certain flow behaviors, a generalized nonlinear kinematic model is then derived to represent the physical system. The long-wave perturbation method is employed to explore the stability of the steady state flow system, which is subject to minute disturbance, by studying the derived evolution equations for interfacial waves. In the first step, the normal mode method is used to characterize the linear behaviors. The threshold conditions, the linear growth rate of the amplitudes and the linear wave speeds are obtained subsequently as the by-products of linear solution. In the second step, an elaborated nonlinear film flow model is solved by using the method of multiple scales to characterize flow behaviors. It is shown that the necessary condition for the existence of such a solution us governed by the Ginzburg-Landau equation. The various states of sub-critical stability, sub-critical instability, supercritical stability, and supercritical explosion are obtained from the nonlinear analysis. The purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of rotating parameter, Rotation number, and size of cylinder on the stability of the flow system. The chosen fluids are the Newtonian fluid, the viscoelastic fluid and the micropolar fluid. And at last, the problem of phase transformation is taken into consideration. For simplifying the problem, the representative fluid is selected. i.e. the viscoelastic fluid with the viscoelastic parameter k=0.05, the micropolar fluid with micropolar parameter K=1. The results of this study are found that the effect of Rotation number and the size of cylinder on the four different flow systems are the same. And the conclusions are summarized and drawn as following: (1) The effect of cylinder size on the stability: The larger the cylinder size and the more the stability is. Therefore, the curvature has a destabilizing effect. This destabilizing effect occurs because the radius of the trough of wave have a smaller value than that at the crest of waves, and the surface tension will produce large capillary pressure at the smaller radius of curvature. This induces the capillary pressure force tending to move the fluid trough to crest, thus increasing the amplitude of wave. (2) The stability of film flows down on the inner and outer surface of cylinder with the same radius: When studying the film falling down on the outer and inner surface of the cylinder with the same radius, the characteristic length of external flow, R+h, is larger than the internal flow, R-h. According to the conclusion (1), the external flow is more stable than the internal flow under the condition of the same cylinder radius. (3) The stability of film flows down on the outer surface of rotating cylinder: When discussing the same cylinder size but subject to different rotating speed, the induced centrifugal force is found. Its direction is toward the positive radius axis and serving as the destabilizing factor. This is because the crests of wave feel a larger centrifugal force than the troughs, which have smaller radius. The flow system will become less stable as the rotation speed increased. When studying the same rotating speed but subject to different cylinder size, the interaction between the stabilizing factor, radius, and the destabilizing factor, rotation, should be considered. In the low Reynolds number region, the contribution of radius to the stability is higher. As the Reynolds number is gradually increased, the centrifugal force will destroy the stability drastically. (4) The stability of film flows down on the inner surface of rotating cylinder: When discussing the same cylinder size but subject to different rotating speed, the induced centrifugal force is found to let the fluid sticking to the wall of cylinder. Therefore, the centrifugal force serves as the stabilizing factor. The faster the rotation speed and the more the stability is. In this case, the cylinder size and the rotation all play important role in stabilizing the flow system.
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Raviprakash, Karthik. "Reduced Area Discrete-Time Down-Sampling Filter Embedded With Windowed Integration Samplers". 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8396.
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Developing a flexible receiver, which can be reconfigured to multiple standards,
is the key to solving the problem of embedding numerous and ever-changing
functionalities in mobile handsets. Difficulty in efficiently reconfiguring analog blocks
of a receiver chain to multiple standards calls for moving the ADC as close to the
antenna as possible so that most of the processing is done in DSP. Different standards
are sampled at different frequencies and a programmable anti-aliasing filtering is needed
here. Windowed integration samplers have an inherent sinc filtering which creates nulls
at multiples of fs. The attenuation provided by sinc filtering for a bandwidth B is directly
proportional to the sampling frequency fs and, in order to meet the anti-aliasing
specifications, a high sampling rate is needed. ADCs operating at such a high
oversampling rate dissipate power for no good use. Hence, there is a need to develop a
programmable discrete-time down-sampling circuit with high inherent anti-aliasing
capabilities. Currently existing topologies use large numbers of switches and capacitors
which occupy a lot of area.A novel technique in reducing die area on a discrete-time sinc2 ↓2 filter for
charge sampling is proposed. An SNR comparison of the conventional and the proposed
topology reveals that the new technique saves 25 percent die area occupied by the sampling
capacitors of the filter. The proposed idea is also extended to implement higher downsampling
factors and a greater percentage of area is saved as the down-sampling factor is
increased. The proposed filter also has the topological advantage over previously
reported works of allowing the designers to use active integration to charge the
capacitance, which is critical in obtaining high linearity.
A novel technique to implement a discrete-time sinc3 ↓2 filter for windowed
integration samplers is also proposed. The topology reduces the idle time of the
integration capacitors at the expense of a small complexity overhead in the clock
generation, thereby saving 33 percent of the die area on the capacitors compared to the
currently existing topology.
Circuit Level simulations in 45 nm CMOS technlogy show a good agreement
with the predicted behaviour obtained from the analaysis.
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Chen, Guan-he y 陳冠合. "Fabrication of top down Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin film solar cells with Cd-free buffer layer by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yw43ez.
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碩士大同大學
光電工程研究所
102
The upside down Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin film solar cell device is grown on soda lime glass substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). The solar cell uses CZTSe as absorber-layer, cadmium-free buffer layer (ZnSe:Ga), and transparent conducting oxide (TCO) ZnSnO (ZTO). Since the growth temperature of ZTO fit at high temperature for high quality and CZTSe suit at low temperature, the traditional manufacturing process was upside down to avoid broking the absorber properties. The first layer is TCO, and the second is buffer layer and absorber layer, the final is metal back electrode, and all of those are the structure of device. We analyze the solar cell device layer by layer. The ZTO thin films are grown on c-Al2O3 (c-sapphire) and soda lime glass. In X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, the crystal structure can be obtained that both of grown on c-sapphire and soda lime glass are amorphous. Additionally, we found that the average roughness of grown on glass was 0.9 nm and c-sapphire was 1.5 nm. According to four-point Hall measurement, the resistivity of ZTO grown on glass is smaller than c-sapphire. With the result, we chose glass as substrate for this solar cell. The lowest resistivity and highest electron concentration of ZnSe:Ga grown on ZTO are1.16 x10-2 Ω-cm and 1.58x1020 (cm-3), respectively.
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Huang, Chien-Yao y 黃亁燿. "The exploration of CIGSeS thin-film absorber and luminescent down-shifting layer for high-efficiency solar cell and broadband CMOS image sensor". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qcjjm5.
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