Bibliografías temáticas / Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)"

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Publicado: 6 de julio de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)":

Funk, A., T. A. D. Woods y Sarah J. Hopkinson. "Hormonema merioides n.sp., on Douglas-fir needles". Canadian Journal of Botany 63, n.º 9 (1 de septiembre de 1985): 1579–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-219.

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Hart, V., M. Nentvichová-Hartová y P. Tauchman. "Analysis of herbicide effects on Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) natural regeneration". Journal of Forest Science 56, No. 5 (28 de mayo de 2010): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/77/2009-jfs.

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Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) natural regeneration under parent stand after weed suppression was investigated in the area of the Training Forest Enterprise in Kostelec nad Černými lesy. The study evaluates two measurements made in a two-year interval. The parent stand, where Douglas fir grows in mixture with our domestic tree species, is one of the oldest and most productive stands at the Training Forest Enterprise in Kostelec nad Černými lesy. Herbicides for the control of weeds were applied onto three permanent experimental plots under the parent stand. Measurements done on the plots show a high potential of natural regeneration in areas where the negative impact of forest weeds was suppressed. This conclusion is acknowledged by the high seedling number found on research plots treated with herbicides. The number of Douglas fir seedlings varied from 21,600 per hectare counted on the plot treated with Dominator to 26,650 seedlings on the plot with Velpar treatment even six years after the soil preparation. Statistical analysis confirmed that the seedling number on the plot without any chemical preparation was significantly lower, only 950 individuals per hectare (χ<sup>2</sup> = 926.84, df = 3, P << 0.01).  

Alfaro, René I. y Roy F. Shepherd. "Tree-Ring Growth of Interior Douglas-Fir After One Year's Defoliation by Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth". Forest Science 37, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 1991): 959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/37.3.959.

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Abstract Reductions in ring width of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco, trees defoliated for 1 year by the Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough), are reported. Trees were treated with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus, but the resultant epizootic which killed larvae and reduced defoliation took several weeks to develop and trees sustained varying degrees of damage. No negative effects of defoliation were noted in the year when feeding took place; on the contrary, a growth stimulation occurred. Defoliation levels above 50% resulted in growth reduction for 2 years following defoliation relative to nondefoliated trees. The implications of these growth changes for cost/benefit analysis of control options are discussed. For. Sci. 37(3):959-964.

Mauer, O. y E. Palátová. " Root system development in Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) on fertile sites". Journal of Forest Science 58, No. 9 (23 de octubre de 2012): 400–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/94/2011-jfs.

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The paper analyses the root system development in the artificially established stands of Douglas fir aged 10, 20, 30, 60 and 80 years on aerated soils (Cambisols) without skeleton. On these sites, the Douglas fir develops a uniform root system of substitute taproots and anchors, which has great predispositions to assure the good mechanical stability of trees as well as its resistance to sudden changes in upper soil horizons. Several anchors growing in positive geotropic direction shoot from the stem base, several slant anchors shooting from the side of the stem base turn into the positive geotropic direction of growth. In humus horizons, horizontal skeletal roots shoot from the stem base, which turn into lower soil horizons in an “elbow-pipe” manner and from which shoot positively geotropically growing anchors. Trees of Douglas fir develop this type of root system already at an age of twenty years.  

de Kort, Ingrid. "Relationships Between Sapwood Amount, Latewood Percentage, Moisture Content and Crown Vitality of Douglas Fir, Pseudotsuga Menziesii". IAWA Journal 14, n.º 4 (1993): 413–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000596.

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Relationships between sapwood amount, latewood percentage, moisture content and crown vitality were studied in 171 Douglas firs [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] belonging to different vitality classes. The trees originated from 10 stands in the Netherlands varying in age from 25-70 years.

Kaundun, Shiv Shankhar, Philippe Lebreton y Alain Bailly. "Needle flavonoid variation in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) populations". Canadian Journal of Botany 76, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 1998): 2076–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-187.

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The variability of six Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) populations was studied with the help of needle flavonoids. Of the two proanthocyanidins and six flavonols detected and measured by high performance liquid chromatography, myricetin and prodelphinidin allowed partial separation of the sampled coastal Douglas-fir populations into three geographical groups. Even though conspicuous differences were found between the northernmost and southernmost provenances, flavonoid markers were insufficient to identify the origin of a coastal Douglas-fir population without ambiguity. In accordance with other genetic markers, it would be inappropriate to recognize races within the sampled area of coastal Douglas-fir. From a biogenetical point of view, the synthesis of prodelphinidin appears to be governed by a gene present in two codominant allelic forms. The alleles are differently expressed from one population to another in such a way that there is a latitudinal cline of prodelphinidin throughout the sampled coastal Douglas-fir populations. The gradual decrease of prodelphinidin from south to north tends to support the idea that coastal Douglas-fir has migrated in this same direction from ice-free refugia of the Wisconsin glaciation period. To confirm the latitudinal cline and the mode of inheritance of prodelphinidin in coastal Douglas-fir, additional populations should be analyzed and segregation data from known pedigrees should be obtained respectively.Key words: Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii, Pinaceae, flavonoids, geographical variation.

Mondek, Jan y Martin Baláš. "Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and its role in the Czech forests". Journal of Forest Science 65, No. 2 (5 de marzo de 2019): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/9/2019-jfs.

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The presented study summarizes the results concerning the effects of cultivation of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) in the Czech Republic. It focuses on more recent results, published especially in the last decades, it includes also older relevant data. It describes the intensity of production as well as non-production forest functions in the conditions of the Czech Republic. It analyses the research results concerning the volume and value production in comparison with native tree species, also documents effects on soil and herb vegetation diversity in forest ecosystems, and from point of view of stability and cultivation in the last period. Main target is defined by the comparison with the Norway spruce, which can be with advantages substituted partly by this species, with favourable impact on amount and value of the timber production, on the forest soil and ground vegetation biodiversity status. Also the stability of forest stands can be supported considerably. This species represents important alternative to the Norway spruce in lower and middle altitudes and it can contribute considerably to the competitiveness of the Czech forestry.

Sychra, D. y O. Mauer. "Prosperity of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) plantations in relation to the shelter". Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 9 (29 de octubre de 2013): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/84/2012-jfs.

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The study evaluates the mortality, growth and qualitative characteristics of Douglas fir transplants planted out on clear-cut areas with different shelter. We assessed 11 clearings situated in the Forest Site Complex 4K – acidic beech (Fagetum acidophilum). The young trees were assessed 3 years after planting for the following parameters: total shoot length, increment, root collar diameter, number of multiple stems, stem curvature, crown form, length of needles, colour of needles and frost damage. The lowest mortality and the best growth of Douglas fir plants were recorded in small, sheltered gaps. Large, unsheltered gaps showed low survival, slower growth and poor vitality of plants.  

Pulkrab, K., M. Sloup y M. Zeman. "Economic Impact of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic". Journal of Forest Science 60, No. 7 (5 de agosto de 2014): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/27/2014-jfs.

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The article addresses the issues of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic (CR). Our analysis shows that the tree species can occupy 149,616–163,713 ha in the CR (with respect to ecological limits set by the Czech legislation). The potential economic effect expressed by the gross yield of forest production might be higher by 27–30 million EUR·yr<sup>–1</sup>.  The results of the analysis support the forest owners’ interest to extend Douglas-fir production in the CR, similarly like it has been extended systematically in all European countries where natural conditions allow.  

El-Kassaby, Yousry A. y Hugh J. Barclay. "Cost of reproduction in Douglas-fir". Canadian Journal of Botany 70, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 1992): 1429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-179.

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The balance between allocating energy resources to reproduction or growth has considerable theoretical interest. Conflicting ecological requirements and evolutionary pressures often necessitate a trade-off in energy allocation. We obtained measurements on seed-cone production and annual ring width of 365 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees from 29 open-pollinated families for 8 years. Phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations were computed for seed-cone production and ring width for each year. Five of the eight environmental correlations were negative (range −0.077 to −0.305), reflecting the reality of the trade-off in physiological terms. Six of the eight genetic correlations were negative (range −0.199 to −0.776), indicating that a trade-off exists at the genetic level between energy allocation to reproduction and to somatic growth. These findings agree with the current theory of life-history evolution. Key words: Pseudotsuga menziesii, cone production, annual ring width, genetic correlation.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)":

Koshy, Mathew P. "Genetic effects on wood shrinkage, relative density, grain angle, tracheid length, and fibril angle in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziessi var. menziesii (mirb.) franco)". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41465.

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Seven wood traits: shrinkage (longitudinal, tangential, and radial), relative density, grain angle, tracheid length, and fibril angle, and two growth traits, height and diameter at breast height were analyzed in 413 trees belonging to 48 full-sibfamilies (4 pollen and 12 seed parents) from an 18- year-old coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) progeny test . Clones from six of the parents also were sampled. Six samples per age level (age levels 0 to 4 along stem radii), with two rings in each age level, were examined in a bolt taken at breast height of the tree for shrinkage and relative density. Smaller sample sizes were used for the other traits. Trends with age from the pith were decreasing longitudinal shrinkage and fibril angle and increasing radial and tangential shrinkage, grain angle, and tracheid length. Relative density first decreased and then increased beyond age level 2. Genetic effects were minimal for wood quality traits except for relative density. Most of the variation for wood quality traits was within tree and between individual trees within families. Genetic correlations between wood quality traits were minimal except between relative density and radial shrinkage, which was positive. Genetic correlations between growth characters like height and diameter at breast height and wood quality traits were also minimal except for relative density and longitudinal shrinkage at early age levels. Selection for increased height can be expected to reduce longitudinal shrinkage and relative density at early age levels, and have virtually no effect on the other traits studied. The results support current efforts to increase wood production through genetic improvement in growth rate by showing that current programs of selection for rapid early height growth will not (with the exception of relative density) result in substantial reductions in several wood quality traits beyond the first few years of tree growth. The demonstrated lack of substantial genetic effects for several traits indicated that genetic improvement can progress more rapidly by concentrating on a much smaller number of traits.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate

Akhter, Shaheen. "The provenance variation in natural durability of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)". Thesis, Bangor University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367387.

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Fontes, LuiÌs. "The performance, constraints and potential of Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in Portugal". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249393.

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Cunningham, Catherine A. "Bark Beetle Activity in Douglas-Fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Mirb. (Franco), Following the 1994 Beaver Mountain Fire". DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7267.

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The 1994 Beaver Mountain fire ignited the canopies of subalpine fir, Abies lasiocarpa, and spread ground fire into adjacent Douglas-fir forests, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca. Despite shorter flight seasons due to lower annual temperatures and persistent snow, the Douglas-fir bark beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, attacked a range of moderately fire-injured host conifers. Logistic regression models illustrated that in 1995 associated bark beetles selected large diameter Douglas-fir with 60-80% bole char, 60-80% crown volume scorch, and 50-70% probability of mortality due to fire. In 1996 beetle preference shifted to smaller diameter trees with lighter fire injury. Tree size was less significant for predicted attack in 1996 because most large fire-damaged conifers were colonized by beetles in 1995. Beetle populations did not reach outbreak proportions outside the fire boundary, but 53 green trees were also infested in 1997 along the burn perimeter. Log linear tests conducted to quantify beetle emergence supported conclusions that beetles were not only attracted to mature, moderately fire-weakened conifers, but also produced greater brood numbers with up to 60-80 emergence holes/ 1800 cm2. Fire-defoliated trees provided bark beetles with sufficient phloem and limited resistance, allowing beetles to aggregate on areas of viable stem tissue regardless of overall bole char extent.

Chatthai, Malinee. "Molecular characterization and regulation of embryogenesis-associated genes in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesiic (Mirb.) Franco)". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0015/NQ44790.pdf.

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Kantarl, Mustafa. "Intraspecific variation in the IUFRO 16 year old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) : Provenance-progeny trial in Haney, British Columbia". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27495.

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Variation in height, dbh and volume was analyzed after 16 years of growth. Results were compared with the 4th and 7th growing season measurements for height. This trial comprised 464 open-pollinated families representing 58 provenances planted at the University of British Columbia Research Forest in Haney, B.C. in 1971. Phenotypic variations between and within provenances, additive genetic variances, heritabilities, genetic gain and juvenile * mature correlations were estimated for the three growth variables according to zone groupings. The effects of provenance by block and family by block interactions were evaluated. Expected reductions from the genetic gain caused by the interactions were calculated. Relationships among growth variables and growth variables versus geographical variables were investigated by simple and multiple linear regression analyses. An attempt was made to classify provenances according to their adaptation to the Haney planting site, on the basis of their performance over the years. Within provenance variation for height was compared among provenances and was related to the geography of origin of provenances. Explanations from the point of evolutionary biology were discussed. High values of calculated genetic gain indicated that significant improvement could be achieved by selection. Age - to - age correlations for height were highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) over time and therefore it was concluded that selection is possible after age 7. However, if we consider the importance of the time factor in improvement, programs, it is feasible to select after age 5. Differential results obtained by regression analysis between height and dbh according to zone grouping suggest that volume will be a better criterion for selection purposes than height alone.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate

Jansen, Kirstin. "Stable Isotopes and Metabolite Profiles as Physiological Markers for the Drought Stress Sensitivity in Douglas-Fir Provenances (Pseudotsuga menziesii (MIRB.) FRANCO)". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19617.

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In Mitteleuropa werden zukünftig häufigere Trocken- und Hitzeperioden mit wirtschaftlichen Einbußen in der Waldwirtschaft erwartet. Die Douglasie (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) wird als Alternative für die wirtschaftlich bedeutsame, jedoch trockenheitsempfindliche Fichte diskutiert (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.). Zwei Unterarten, die Küsten- (FDC) und die Inlandsdouglasie (FDI), sind im ausgedehnten natürlichen Verbreitungsgebiet in Nordamerika beheimatet, welches ein großes Potenzial für die Auswahl produktiver und trockenresistenter Herkünfte bietet. Unser Ziel war, die Trockenreaktion verschiedener Douglasienherkünfte unter Verknüpfung morphologischer und physiologischer Parameter und die der Trockenheitsresistenz bzw. -empfindlichkeit zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen zu erforschen. Ein Herkunftsversuch in Südwestdeutschland ermöglichte die Untersuchung 50-jähriger Douglasien verschiedener Herkünfte entlang eines Höhengradienten. Unter kontrollierten Bedingungen simulierten wir die Effekte einer Hitzewelle auf Jungbäume zweier Provenienzen. Wir analysierten die Kohlenstoff- und Sauerstoff-Stabilisotopenzusammensetzung, den Gaswechsel der Blätter, Veränderungen im Stoffwechsel und das Baumwachstum. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen bei FDC aus humiden Regionen hohe Wachstumseinbußen unter Trockenheit und moderat bis stark verringerte stomatäre Leitfähigkeit, unterstützt durch Photoprotektion. FDC aus Regionen mit starker Sommertrockenheit reagierten kaum mit Stomataschluss und Wachstumseinbußen auf Trockenheit, jedoch mit starker Osmoregulation und Monoterpen-Emissionen, welche zur Trockenresistenz beitragen könnten. FDI aus einer ariden Region zeigten hohe An, geringes Wachstum und stark antioxidative und photoprotektive Mechanismen. Die Herkünfte unterscheiden sich stark in ihrer Trockenreaktion und ihren Schutzmechanismen. Der Anbau trockenresistenter Herkünfte wird an Standorten von Vorteil sein, für die eine Häufung von ariden Sommerperioden vorhergesagt wird.
In Central Europe, more frequent periods of dry and hot weather are expected in the future with economic losses in the forestry sector. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is discussed as a timber species alternative to the economically important but drought-sensitive spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.). Two subspecies, the coastal (FDC) and the interior Douglas-fir (FDI), are native to an extensive natural range in North America, offering a great potential for the selection of productive and drought tolerant provenances. Our goal was to investigate the drought response of different Douglas-fir provenances on the morphological and physiological level, as well as the mechanisms underlying drought resistance or susceptibility. A provenance trial in southwestern Germany established in 1958 allowed the study of 50-year-old Douglas-fir trees of diverse provenances along a height gradient. Under controlled conditions, we simulated the effects of a heat wave on young trees of two provenances. We analyzed carbon and oxygen stable isotopic composition, leaf gas exchange, changes in metabolism and tree growth. FDC from humid regions responded to drought with strong growth decline and a medium to strong stomatal closure, supported by enhanced instantaneous photoprotection. FDC from regions with very dry summer conditions showed a small growth decline and anisohydric regulation of stomatal conductance under drought, supported by high levels of osmotic adjustment. High monoterpene emissions might contribute to the drought resistance. FDI from an arid region showed high assimilation rates, low growth potential and a high antioxidant, photoprotective, drought and heat protective potential. The provenances differ greatly in their dry reaction and their protective mechanisms. The cultivation of drought resistant crops will be beneficial at sites predicted to accumulate arid summer periods.

Malmqvist, Cecilia. "Planting and survivability of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in Sweden : Questions of seedling storability, site preparation, bud burst timing and freezing tolerance". Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-59933.

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The non-native Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) has been grown to a limited extent in the southern part of Sweden since the early 1900s. A more extensive use has probably been curtailed by its known susceptibility to damage by frost, pine weevil and other pests. Limited access to vital seedlings of suitable provenances has also restricted its more widespread growth. The need for valuable species that will grow well through ongoing climate change has increased the interest for Douglas fir in Sweden. This thesis addresses a number of important questions relating to the planting of Douglas fir in Sweden: seedling storability, freezing tolerance, timing of bud burst, frost damage and seedling response to site preparation. Seven Douglas fir provenances originating from British Columbia, Canada were used in the experiments and where applicable, compared with a local provenance of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The early bud burst of interior Douglas fir provenances, observed both in greenhouse tests and in the field, results in a high risk of damage by late spring frost. This type of damage does not seem, however, to be fatal and does not obviously retard the early growth of seedlings. The difference in growth between coastal and interior provenances was insignificant, but survival was greater for interior than for coastal provenances. All the provenances of Douglas fir studied showed a later development of freezing tolerance of shoots and roots in the autumn than Norway spruce, with the coastal provenances developing such tolerance even later than interior provenances. This could be a contributory cause for the severe damage by winter desiccation observed on seedlings of coastal origin. A thorough site preparation proved to be an effective way to increase survival and root growth. Interior provenances of Douglas fir became ready for storage earlier in autumn than coastal provenances. When freezing tolerance of shoots had increased sufficiently, Douglas fir seedlings could safely be kept in frozen storage using the same procedures used for Norway spruce. The results emphasise the need to gain further knowledge about how the remaining obstacles to establishment of Douglas fir could be reduced with different silviculture methods.

Jansen, Kirstin [Verfasser], Arthur [Gutachter] Gessler, Ralf [Gutachter] Kätzel y Andreas [Gutachter] Rigling. "Stable Isotopes and Metabolite Profiles as Physiological Markers for the Drought Stress Sensitivity in Douglas-Fir Provenances (Pseudotsuga menziesii (MIRB.) FRANCO) / Kirstin Jansen ; Gutachter: Arthur Gessler, Ralf Kätzel, Andreas Rigling". Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1184576890/34.

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Van, Rooij Mahaut. "Etude du rougissement hivernal du Douglas : entre températures douces & formation de glace". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UCFA0154.

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Le Douglas, première essence de reboisement en région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes et seconde au niveau nationale, est d'intérêt économique majeur en France avec 13 millions de plants produits par an. Un phénomène de rougissement - observé 1/3 hivers en France - affecte les jeunes Douglas (< 15 ans), pouvant atteindre jusqu'à 80% de la plantation. Un arbre rougissant n'a pas d'avenir sylvicole et meurt généralement dans l'année suivant le rougissement. Les objectifs de ma thèse ont été de donner une meilleure compréhension du rougissement hivernal à travers l'identification des paramètres climatiques déclenchant le rougissement mais surtout des mécanismes physiologiques induisant le rougissement de l'aiguille.Afin d'identifier l'aléa climatique critique, une synthèse approfondie basée sur la littérature, ainsi qu'une analyse bioclimatique ont été menées. La synthèse de littérature a permis d'identifier certaines conditions climatiques caractéristiques des années dites « à rougissement » à savoir des périodes anticycloniques en sortie d'hiver et/ou la succession de périodes froides et chaudes. La synthèse comme l'analyse bioclimatique en commun, ont identifié un cumul de variables climatiques à savoir des températures chaudes en journée, une forte amplitude thermique journalière, des vitesses de vent au moins modérées et une humidité de l'air relative. Les cycles gel-dégel avec des températures nocturnes froides ne ressortaient pas de l'analyse climatique alors qu'ils étaient mentionnés dans la littérature.Afin de comprendre comment un Douglas rougit, nous avons d'abord, souligné les lacunes de connaissances sur le rougissement hivernal et proposé des mécanismes potentiels pouvant, seuls ou en interaction, induire ce désordre physiologique à savoir ; 1) une sécheresse hivernale induisant des défaillances hydrauliques, 2) un stress photo-oxydatif et 3) une désacclimatation précoce. En conditions contrôlées, nous avons exposé des jeunes Douglas à une sécheresse hivernale à travers un différentiel thermique entre les racines et le houppier de l'arbre (TSOIL < 5°C ; TMOY_AIR ~ 14°C). Une partie d'entre eux a été exposée à des intensités lumineuses susceptibles d'induire un stress photo-oxydatif (> 1800 PPFD). Les températures froides du sol ont induit un stress hydrique modéré en limitant l'absorption d'eau racinaire alors que les températures chaudes de l'air ont favorisé les pertes hydriques au niveau des aiguilles. Cependant, le Douglas a pu s'acclimater à ce nouvel environnement en reprenant même leur croissance. L'exposition à une intensité lumineuse élevée n'a pas généré de dommages irréversibles sur le PSII, ni de stress photo oxydatif. Aucun rougissement du Douglas n'a pas été observé - invalidant l'hypothèse 2 mais partiellement la 1, le houppier n'ayant été exposé à aucune contrainte gélive. In natura, nous avons mesuré en continu de décembre 2020 à juin 2023 les variations de diamètre de jeunes douglas couplées avec les températures/hygrométrie de quatre parcelles dans le Massif Central. Les gels printaniers d'avril 2021 sur des Douglas désacclimatés n'ont pas été suivi de rougissement de l'aiguille ni de dommages cambiaux, ce qui n'a pas permis de valider l'hypothèse 3. Néanmoins, la comparaison d'un hiver sans rougissement (2021) avec un hiver à rougissement (2022) a permis de souligner une forte contrainte hydrique générée depuis l'apex, en lien avec une période anticyclonique en janvier 2022. La défaillance hydraulique serait favorisée par une transpiration quotidienne à laquelle s'ajoutent des cycles gel-dégel qui amplifient la contrainte hydrique et créent des défaillances hydrauliques dans le houppier, pouvant expliquer le dessèchement et le rougissement de l'aiguille. Ainsi, nous retiendrons l'hypothèse 1, qu'il faudrait tester en conditions contrôlées
The Douglas fir is the first reforestation species in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region and the second in France as a whole, and is of considerable economic importance in France, where 13 million trees are produced each year. Winter reddening affects young Douglas-fir (< 15 years old), affecting up to 80% of the plantation. A reddening tree has no silvicultural future and typically dies within a year after reddening. The objectives of my PhD thesis were to have a better understanding of winter reddening by identifying the climatic parameters that trigger reddening and, more importantly, the physiological mechanism(s) that cause needle reddening.A thorough literature review and bioclimatic analysis were undertaken to identify critical climatic factors. The literature synthesis identified certain climatic conditions characteristic of 'reddening' years, including anticyclonic periods after winter and/or alternating cold and warm periods. Both the literature synthesis and the bioclimatic analysis identified a combination of climatic variables: warm daily temperatures, high daily temperature amplitude, at least moderate wind speeds and relative humidity. However, the freeze-thaw cycles with cold night temperatures did not emerge from the climate analysis, although they are mentioned in the literature.In order to understand how Douglas fir reddens, we first identified gaps in our knowledge of winter reddening and proposed potential mechanisms, either single or interacting, that cause this physiological disorder: 1) winter drought leading to hydraulic failure, 2) photo-oxidative stress, and 3) premature deacclimation. Under controlled conditions, young Douglas fir trees were exposed to winter drought through a temperature differential between roots and canopy (TSOIL < 5°C; TMOY_AIR ~ 14°C). Some of these trees were exposed to light intensities that could induce photooxydative stress (> 1800 PPFD). Cold soil temperatures induced moderate water stress by limiting root water uptake, while warm air temperatures caused water loss at the needle level. However, Douglas fir was able to acclimate to this new environment and even resumed growth. Exposure to high light intensity did not cause irreversible damage to PSII or photooxydative stress. No reddening of the Douglas fir was observed, thus refuting hypothesis 2, but partially supporting hypothesis 1, as the canopy was not exposed to freezing stress. In the field, continuous measurements of young Douglas fir diameter variation were coupled with temperature/humidity measurements from four plots in the Massif Central from December 2020 to June 2023. Spring frosts in April 2021 on deacclimated Douglas fir did not result in needle reddening or cambial damages, thus failing to validate hypothesis 3. Nevertheless, comparison of a asymptomatic winter (2021) with a asymptomatic winter i.e. with winter reddening (2022) revealed significant hydraulic stress generated from the apex, associated with an anticyclone period in January 2022. Hydraulic failure could be exacerbated by daily transpiration, combined with freeze-thaw cycles that increase hydraulic stress, leading to canopy hydraulic failure that could explain needle desiccation and reddening. We therefore favour hypothesis 1, which should be tested under controlled conditions

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Libros sobre el tema "Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)":

Gossner, Martin. Diversität und Struktur arborikoler Arthropodenzönosen fremdländischer und einheimischer Baumarten: Ein Beitrag zur Bewertung des Anbaus von Douglasie (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) und Roteiche (Quercus rubra L.). Berlin: Institut für Ökologie der TU Berlin, 2004.

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Osman, Khalid Amir. Growth responses of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) to defoliation. 1991.

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Li, Peng. Range-wide patterns of allozyme variation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). 1986.

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Li, Peng. Range-wide patterns of allozyme variation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). 1986.

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Tsai, Ching-Hsiu. Dispersed repetitive sequences in the chloroplast genome of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). 1989.

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Lomas, M. Christine. Physiology and genetics of drought hardiness in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings. 1999.

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Temel, Fatih. Persistence and age-age genetic correlations of stem defects in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). 1997.

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Temel, Fatih. Persistence and age-age genetic correlations of stem defects in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). 1997.

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Schuch, Ursula K. Frost hardiness of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings raised in three nurseries. 1987.

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Li, Peng. Genetic variation in phenology of bud and cambial activity in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). 1990.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)":

Bastien, Jean-Charles, Leopoldo Sanchez y Daniel Michaud. "Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)". En Forest Tree Breeding in Europe, 325–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6146-9_7.

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Goldfarb, B. y J. B. Zaerr. "Douglas-Fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco]". En Trees II, 526–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61535-1_28.

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Owens, John N. y Sheila J. Morris. "An Ultrastructural Study of Fertilization in Douglas Fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco]". En Sexual Reproduction in Higher Plants, 339–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73271-3_54.

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Nagmani, R., M. A. Johnson y R. J. Dinus. "Effect of Explant and Media on Initiation, Maintenance, and Maturation of Somatic Embryos in Pseudotsuga Menziesii (Mirb.) Franco (Douglas-fir)". En Woody Plant Biotechnology, 171–78. New York, NY: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7932-4_17.

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Chanway, C. P., R. A. Radley, F. B. Holl y P. E. Axelrood. "Effect of Bacillus strains on growth of pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.), spruce (Picea glauca Voss.), and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb. Franco)". En The Rhizosphere and Plant Growth, 366. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3336-4_77.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)":

Ballian, Dalibor y Mirzeta Memisevic Hodzic. "Carbon Binding of Different Provenances of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco)". En 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science. Prensip Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61326/icelis.2023.46.

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Resumen

Forest tree species are very important in terms of carbon sequestration. Trees store 50% to 75% of the carbon they take up from the atmosphere in their wood, and the rest is released back into the atmosphere during respiration. Douglas fir is forest tree species native to North America, but shown successful growth and high productivity and quality in Europe. Douglas-fir is also considered as a species with high carbon sequestration, with the yearly average carbon storage of 46,46 kg CO2/year and for this reason it is increasingly popular as a tree for planting. This research aims to select the best provenances of Douglas fir for carbon sequestration in the provenance test in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Material for this research were Douglas fir trees in provenance test in Bosnia and Herzegovina, locality Batalovo brdo near Sarajevo. The provenance test was established in 1966. by planting 2+2-year-old seedlings, and included 5 provenances from Washington, Oregon and Canada, and from altitudes of 150-900 m above the sea. Heights and diameter at breast height of 52-year-old trees were measured, and volumes of trees were calculated. The results showed that the lowest average volume had provenance from the altitude of 900 m, 83-3.0 (0.7313 m3), and the highest provenance from 300 m, 65-1,0 (1.3410 m3). If there are 625 trees per ha, provenance 83-3,0 would produce 457 m3/ha, and provenance 65-1,0 838 m3/ha, which indicates differences in carbon sequestration. The obtained results can be used in selection of provenance for using in introduction of Douglas fir in Bosnia and Herzegovina.