Tesis sobre el tema "Doppio effetto"
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RANAVOLO, RAFFAELE. "Effetti della stimolazione percutanea del nervo tibiale (PTNS) su pazienti affetti da urge incontinence: risultati di uno studio doppio cieco controllato con placebo". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1323.
Texto completoPURPOSE. This is a prospective double blind, placebo controlled study, based on an original placebo technique, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) in female patients with detrusor overactivity incontinence. PATIENTS AND METHODS. 35 female patients presenting with detrusor overactivity incontinence non responding to antimuscarinic therapy, were randomly assigned either to PTNS or to control group. PTNS group (18 patients) was treated with 12 PTNS sessions. Control group (17 patients) underwent an original placebo treatment, using a 34 G needle placed in the medial part of the gastrocnemius muscle. The sessions lasted for 30 minutes and were performed 3-times per week as PTNS sessions. All patients were evaluated with bladder diaries and quality of life scores (I-QoL) before and after treatment. Patients showing a reduction >50% of urge incontinence episodes were considered responders. RESULTS. 3 patients (1 in PTNS group and 2 in placebo group) did not complete the study for reasons not related to the technique. 12/17 patients (71%) in PTNS group and 0/15 in placebo group (p<0.001) were considered �responders� according to the previously reported definition. Improvement in number of incontinence episodes, number of voids, voided volume and I-QoL score were statistically significant in PTNS group but not in placebo group. CONCLUSIONS. PTNS can be considered an effective treatment of detrusor overactivity incontinence with 71% of patients considered responders, whilst none of the patients treated with placebo was considered responders. The relevance of a placebo effect seems to be negligible in this patient population.
SAWADA, LIDIA. "Determinação da difusividade térmica de cristais de BaLiFsub(3) puro e dopado". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9291.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Intituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP
Anderson, Lucy. "Effect of Doppel expressed from the L7 and PrP half-genomic promoter". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405818.
Texto completoAlmeida, Rafael Mendonça. "PROPRIEDADES DIELÉTRICAS DO Bi2Sn2O7 PURO E DOPADO COM MANGANÊS". Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2010. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/724.
Texto completoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
In this work we have investigated the dielectric and ionic properties of the pure Bi2Sn2O7 (BSO) and manganese doped ceramics in the temperature range from 23°C to 326°C. Amongst the main results of the BSO it is worthwhile to point out the PTCR ef-fect when it was analysed the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance. Furthermore, in both samples, the imaginary electrical modulus relaxational peaks are related to conductive processes, but only the BSO shows an anomaly in the tempera-ture range investigated. This anomaly is expressed with a displacement of the peaks to the region of low frequencies, as the temperature rises from the ambient value until 100°C, and after to the region of high frequencies, when the temperature changes from 100°C to 326°C. This dynamic of the data allowed to estimate the phase transition value as being equal to 121.5°C. It was also observed that this transition is possibly ferroic because the capacitance dependence with temperature shows a Curie like behaviour. By other side, the analysis of the real part of the electrical permittivity with temperature highlighted that the BSO phase transition point is located some-where around 125°C, while the one from BSO:Mn is around 120°C. The conductivity dependence with the reciprocal temperature showed an Arrhenius like behaviour and, from the mathematical adjustment at high temperatures, it was possible to estimate an activation energy of 1.26 eV. It was also found that the manganese doping inhibited the effect observed in the graphs of versus frequency, favored the conduction me-chanism of the system and preclude the PTCR effect. Analyzing the temperature de-pendence of the dielectric loss it was realized that this quantity also presents an ano-maly at around 120°C that can be assigned to the structural phase transition. Studying the real part of the admittance as function of the frequency, one could segregate the contributions from the bulk and grain boundary of the system and observe that the response of the last one exhibits a peak at 120°C, probably due to the transi-tion. Regarding the manganese ion substitution in the BSO structure, two hypotheses are proposed. It is believed that in both, the tin ion occurs with an oxidation state equal to 2+ and, but substituting either in the tin ion site or in the bismuth ion site, and releasing oxygen vacancies.
Nesse trabalho, investigamos as propriedades dielétricas e iônicas das cerâmicas Bi2Sn2O7 pura (BSO) e dopado com manganês (BSO:Mn) no intervalo de temperaturas entre 23°C e 326°C. Dentre os principais resultados do BSO, pode-se destacar o efeito PTCR (do inglês, Resistência com Coeficiente Positivo de Temperatura) quando se anali-sou a dependência da resistência elétrica com a temperatura. Além disso, em ambas as amostras, os picos de relaxação do módulo elétrico imaginário ( ) estão relacionados a processos condutivos, mas apenas o BSO exibe uma anomalia no intervalo de tempe-raturas investigadas. Essa anomalia se expressa como o deslocamento dos picos para a região de baixas frequências à medida que a temperatura aumenta do valor ambiente até 100°C e, depois para a região de altas frequências, quando a temperatura varia de 100°C a 326°C. Essa dinâmica dos dados permitiu estimar o valor da transição de fase como sendo igual a 121,5°C. Observou-se também que essa transição é possi-velmente ferróica, pois a dependência da capacitância com a temperatura mostra um comportamento tipo Curie. Por outro lado, a análise da parte real da permissividade elétrica com a temperatura evidenciou que a temperatura de transição do BSO situa-se em algum ponto próximo de 125°C, enquanto que a do BSO:Mn está por volta de 120°C. A dependência da condutividade com a temperatura recíproca mostrou um comportamento tipo Arrhenius e, a partir do ajuste matemático, em altas temperatu-ras, estimou-se uma energia de ativação de 1,26 eV. Ademais se constatou que a do-pagem do BSO com manganês inibiu o efeito observado nos gráficos de versus fre-qüência, facilitou o mecanismo de condução do sistema e impediu o efeito PTCR. Ana-lisando a dependência com a temperatura da perda dielétrica percebe-se que a mesma apresenta uma anomalia por volta de 120°C que pode ser devido à transição de fase estrutural . Estudando a parte real da admitância em função da frequência pu-deram-se separar as contribuições de contorno de grão e bulk do sistema e, observar que a resposta deste último exibe um pico em 120 °C que se deve possivelmente à transição . Quanto à substituição do íon manganês na estrutura do BSO, duas hipóteses são levantadas. Acredita-se que em ambas o íon Mn ocorra no estado de oxidação 2+, mas substituindo ou no sítio do íon de estanho ou no sítio do íon de bis-muto, e liberando vacâncias de oxigênio.
Barbetta, Luca <1996>. "Gli effetti del progetto BEPS sull'istituto della stabile organizzazione nei modelli OCSE e ONU e nelle convenzioni contro le doppie imposizioni italiane". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17517.
Texto completoEspinosa, Daniel Humberto Garcia. "Efeito de lente térmica e não-linearidades ópticas do silício amorfo hidrogenado dopado com fósforo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-25082011-162113/.
Texto completoNonlinear optical effects have been studied in hydrogenated amorphous silicon films through the single beam Z-scan technique, using a modulated CW laser in the millisecond time-scale regime. In this technique, the samples were moved along the focal region of a focused gaussian laser beam with wavelength of 532 nm, while the light transmittance in the far field was measured. The films were deposited on glass by low temperature PECVD technique (from 50 °C to 200 °C) and phosphorus were used as a dopant impurity: during the material deposition, different concentrations of phosphine gas cause different amounts of incorporated phosphorus into a-Si:H. The thermal lens effect was observed in the transmittance signal, so the experimental data from the time-resolved Z-scan mode could be fitted in the Thermal Lens Model. It was possible to determine the samples thermal diffusivity (D ~ 3x10-³ cm²/s) and to estimate their thermal conductivity (K ~ 5x10-³ W/Kcm) and temperature coefficient of the optical path length change (ds/dT) through those fittings. Besides, the phase shift (\'teta\') and the thermal lens characteristic time (tc0) were achieved. Thermal optical effects are unwanted to photonics devices, therefore studying and knowing these effects is very important to avoid them. Moreover, applications to microsensor devices may use the a-Si:H properties studied in this work as, for example, its thermal conductivity.
Prado, Daniel Augusto. "Fabricação e caracterização de uma célula solar à partir do polímero poli (N-vinilcarbazol) - PVK dopado com perclorato de lítio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-25092008-115103/.
Texto completoThe objective of this article is to demonstrate that the Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) PVK dumped with lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) can transform solar energy to electrical energy. This polymer material has the property of absorbing and generate electron hole pairs, providing an electric current when exposed to enlightenment. To achieve that, a solar cell has been constructed with the follow structure: glass structure/ITO/a-Si:H (p)/polymer PVK/µ-Si:H (n)/Al, with the PVK working as active layer. This proposed article had the objective to research, develop, construct and characterize this device, analyzing its electrical and optical characteristics, efficiency and other topics related to its development and construction process.
REJOWSKI, EDNEY D. "Caracterização e desempenho de um filme de carbono amorfo hidrogenado tipo diamante (a-C-H) dopado com silício, aplicado em camisa de cilindro de motor à combustão interna". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10143.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
GRASSI, MICHELE. "LA TEORIA DELLA RES JUDICATA NELL'ARBITRATO COMMERCIALE INTERNAZIONALE". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/610259.
Texto completoThe purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to explore the functioning of the res judicata doctrine in international commercial arbitration. The notion of res judicata refers to the final and binding nature of decisions rendered at the end of judicial proceedings and, as such, is an essential feature of every dispute resolution system, both at a domestic and at an international level. The role played by the doctrine of res judicata depends on a balance between conflicting values, such as the principle of procedural economy and efficiency on the one side, and the principle of due process, with specific regard to the parties’ rights to present their case and to be heard, on the other side. The definition of the scope and the effects of res judicata, therefore, raises complex issues, and the solution to these issues varies considerably between national legal systems. The differences between domestic laws are relevant also from a transnational perspective. If a challenge of res judicata is raised with respect to a foreign judgment, the judge has to determine whether to accept the original effects that the decision would have in the State in which it was rendered or to equalize the effects of the foreign judgment with the effects that are usually recognized to domestic decisions. Where a challenge of res judicata is raised before an international commercial arbitral tribunal, the lack of certainties concerning the application of conflict rules breeds even more complexities. Those authorities that represent international arbitration as an autonomous legal order suggest the adoption of a transnational approach to res judicata and recommend the development of a set of substantive transnational rules. Conversely, those who consider that the arbitral tribunal is strictly bound to the legal order of the seat of the procedure, suggest the application of a conflict of law rule, in order to identify the applicable domestic rules of res judicata. Both approaches, for different reasons, are not satisfactory. This dissertation suggests the adoption of a more pragmatic approach in the identification of the scope and the effects of res judicata in international commercial arbitration. To this purpose challenges of res judicata that raise issues of jurisdiction shall be clearly differentiated from challenges of res judicata that raise admissibility issues. Whenever issues of jurisdiction underpin a challenge of res judicata, the arbitral tribunal should adopt an approach coherent with the rules of the State of the seat. As a matter of fact, a violation of those rules could result in the annulment or the refusal of recognition of the award. Whenever issues of admissibility underpin a challenge of res judicata, as a rule the arbitral tribunal should apply the rules of the State of the seat and, specifically, the conflict of laws rules of the seat that regulate the recognition of foreign decisions. However, if the transnational nature of the arbitration is quite pronounced, and the procedure is not closely connected with any domestic legal systems, the arbitral tribunal might apply a «more transnational» approach. In any event, this approach shall not lead to the application of substantive transnational rules, but rather to the recognition of the original effects of the decisions invoked in the proceedings, except where the recognition of such effects violates the procedural public policy of the State of the seat.
Gambardella, Mirko. "Effetto delle fasi di macellazione sulle rese e sulla qualità delle carcasse avicole". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Buscar texto completoPERSICO, GIUSEPPINA. "IL CANTO MATERNO IN GRAVIDANZA E DOPO IL PARTO: EFFETTI SULL'ATTACCAMENTO MATERNO-NEONATALE E SUL COMPORTAMENTO DEI NEONATI A TERMINE E PRE-TERMINE". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/233143.
Texto completoPeng, Lu. "Metal Nanoparticles Wrapped on Defective Nitrogen-doped Graphitic Carbons as Highly Selective Catalysts for C02 Hydrogenation". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/172329.
Texto completo[CA] Tenint en compte l'esgotament dels combustibles fòssils i la creixent concentració de CO2 en l'atmosfera, la hidrogenació de CO2 és una forma prometedora de convertir el CO2 en productes químics i combustibles de carboni d'alt valor afegit. Considerant la gran influència de la grandària de partícula, la composició química, la naturalesa del suport i les condicions d'operació sobre el comportament catalític dels catalitzadors, s'han desenvolupat una sèrie de catalitzadors per a la hidrogenació de CO2 basats en metalls abundants no nobles i polisacàrids naturals com a precursors del grafé. En la present tesi doctoral, les espècies metàl·liques suportades sobre una matriu de carboni grafític defectuosa, amb diferents grandàries de partícules, mostren diferent activitat catalítica i selectivitat per a la hidrogenació de CO2. Es van preparar, de manera controlada, nanopartícules d'aliatges de Co i Co-Fe suportades en grafens dopats amb N defectuosos, amb una àmplia distribució de grandària de nanopartícules, per a la reacció de Sabatier, presentant una selectivitat a metà superior al 90% amb valors de conversió de CO2 superiors al 85%. En el cas d'un sol metall, Co o Fe, i els seus aliatges en forma de "clústers" i xicotetes nanopartícules suportades en el mateix material, la selectivitat de la hidrogenació de CO2 canvia a CO, en lloc de metà, obtenint-se un valor del 98% i aconseguint una conversió de CO2 del 56%. Convé ressaltar que, els catalitzadors basats en "clústers" d'aliatges de metall amb una càrrega de metall fins i tot per davall del 0.2% en pes, exhibeixen una major selectivitat i rendiment que els que tenen nanopartícules d'aliatges de Co-Fe més grans que varien d'1 a 4 nm i una càrrega de metall més alta en una composició similar. Seguint la línia d'investigació d'hidrogenació de CO2, es van desenvolupar una sèrie de nanopartícules d'aliatges de Co-Fe suportades sobre grafens dopats amb N defectuosos amb distribució de grandària de nanopartícules controlada en el rang de 7-17 nm, obtenint una selectivitat cap a hidrocarburs C2+ al voltant del 45% i una conversió del CO2 pròxima al 60%. A més, es va realitzar un estudi comparatiu de l'activitat catalítica de catalitzadors similars basats en Co-Fe amb promotors i inhibidors per a la hidrogenació de CO2, observant la seua influència en la conversió i selectivitat de CO2. Finalment, a més dels catalitzadors basats en Co-Fe, també s'han preparat catalitzadors basats en Cu-ZnO mitjançant un mètode de dos passos. Aquestes nanopartícules de Cu-ZnO suportades sobre grafé defectuós dopat amb N exhibeixen una alta selectivitat cap a la conversió de CO2 a metanol.
[EN] Considering the depletion of fossil fuels and the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, CO2 hydrogenation is a promising way to convert CO2 into value-added carbon-containing chemicals and fuels. Taking into account the significant influences of the particle size, chemical composition, nature of the support, and operation conditions on the catalytic performance of catalysts, a series of catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation have been developed based on the use of abundant non-noble metals and natural polysaccharides as graphene precursors. In the present PhD Thesis, metal species supported on defective graphitic carbon matrix with different particle sizes show different catalytic activity and selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation. Under effective control, Co and Co-Fe alloy nanoparticles wrapped on defective N-doped graphenes with a broad nanoparticle size distribution were prepared and performed for the Sabatier reaction, exhibiting a selectivity to methane over 90 % at CO2 conversion values over 85 %. In the case of single Co or Fe metal and their alloys in the form of clusters and small nanoparticles wrapped on the same support, the selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation shifts to CO, rather than methane, reaching a conversion of 56 % with 98 % CO selectivity. It is worth noting that the metal alloy clusters-based catalysts with the metal loading even below 0.2 wt.% exhibit a higher selectivity and better performance than the ones with larger Co-Fe alloy nanoparticles ranging from 1-4 nm and higher metal loading in a similar composition. Following the research line for CO2 hydrogenation, a series of Co-Fe alloy nanoparticles supported on defective N-doped graphenes with controlled nanoparticle size distribution in the range of 7-17 nm are developed, obtaining a selectivity towards C2+ hydrocarbons about 45% with a CO2 conversion close to 60%. In addition, a comparative catalytic activity of similar Co-Fe-based catalysts with promoters and poison has been studied for CO2 hydrogenation to observe their influence on CO2 conversion and selectivity. Finally, besides Co-Fe-based catalysts, Cu-ZnO-based catalysts have also been prepared by a two-step method. These Cu-ZnO nanoparticles supported on N-doped defective graphene exhibit a high selectivity for CO2 conversion to methanol.
Peng, L. (2021). Metal Nanoparticles Wrapped on Defective Nitrogen-doped Graphitic Carbons as Highly Selective Catalysts for C02 Hydrogenation [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/172329
TESIS
GALLETTI, MATTEO. "Intendere la morte, alleviare il dolore. Dilemmi etici alla fine della vita". Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1153854.
Texto completoCOLETTA, MARCO. "Il giudizio amministrativo d'appello: oggetto e funzione". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/938620.
Texto completoCheng, Wen-Wei y 鄭文偉. "Effects of Dopping Elements on Castability for Titanium". Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97369648483061338949.
Texto completo國立成功大學
材料科學(工程)研究所
83
Many of methods including spiral,saucer,wedge,sharp margin, mesh,filament projection and flat square platehave been proposed determine the castability of dental alloys.A relatively large× 29×0.9mm)was prepared from a grid sheet uesd for thecast cobalt chromium partial denture frames.The pasttren consist of and the number of completely cast circles was counted to obtain a success rate.Six test elements includingCu,Ag,Fe,Mo, NaCl,CaCl2 were added. Alloys were prepared using CASTMATIC machine (argon arc fusing and argon gas pressing).Firing investment materials were 900℃,975℃ and 1050℃.The casting temperature were 400℃,600℃ and 800℃.It was found that higher castability was due to higher firing temperature.The Castability were obviously lower than c.p.Ti, besides the alloys contented Mo.Investment materials were The most importent factor affecting Microhardness from surface of alloys were much the same with The ratio of water and investment solution could vary strength of materials.
Chou, Yung-Chih y 周雍智. "The effect of Ag-dopping on microstructure in 2205 duplex stainless steels". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79517542640882517152.
Texto completo義守大學
材料科學與工程學系碩士班
99
The purpose of this study is the effect of doping Ag on microstructure, corrosion, and anti-bacterial properties in 2205 duplex stainless steels. In this study, 2205 duplex stainless steels were selected as test materials, Ag contents varied from 0.1 to 0.2 wt%. 2205 and 2205-Ag doped material were investigated by FE-SEM, BEI, and EDS technical sill to presume the solidification behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steels with various Ag contents, moreover, annealing treatment was carried out to observe the phase transformation with δ, γ, and σ. According to JIS Z2801 standard and polarization test, examine the anti-bacterial and corrosion resistant properties, respectively. The results showed that Ag solidified at δ/γ phase boundary with the melt cooled down to room temperature, and benefited to coarsen the grain ofγ phase. In addition, the volume fraction ofγ2 phase increased with Ag content increasing in 2205 duplex stainless steels. After annealing, 2205 duplex stainless steel possessed coarse grain of γ phase, and fined grain of γ2 phase with Ag content. Moreover, the volume fraction of δ and γ phase possessed the stable variation with annealing temperature increasing from 600oC to 1200oC compared to 2205 duplex stainless steel without Ag. The variation range of the volume fraction with δ and γ phase have trended to the constant value. As the results of polarization test revealed the corrosion potential increased with Ag contents increasing in 2205 duplex stainless steels. It indicated the ability the corrosion resistance was strengthened by Ag doping. In the anti-bacterial test, showed the bacteria reduction rate of E. coli and S. aurues were 100% and 41.3%, respectively, while 2205 duplex stainless steel possessed 0.2 wt% Ag.
FATTORINI, GIORGIO. "Studio in doppio cieco, cross-over, controllato con placebo sugli effetti della somministrazione acuta di testosterone transdermico sulla funzione endoteliale in pazienti affetti da ipogonadismo grave". Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1392307.
Texto completoKar, Sohini. "Spatially Resolved Studies Of Electronic Phase Separation And Microstructure Effects In Hole Dopped Manganites". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/825.
Texto completoChen, Wei Chang y 陳威全. "Effect of dopping different bagasse activated carbons with titanium dioxide on the methyleneblue photodegradation efficiency". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9gu44p.
Texto completo明志科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程系環境工程碩士班
104
Bagasse and 3-month bagasse compost were pyrolyzed to produce carbon chars, and activated carbons were manufactured from the carbon chars by using three different activators, including NaOH, KOH, and ZnCl2. The produced carbon chars or activated carbons were then dopped with TiO2 by sol-gel method to produce TiO2 photocatalysis. The characteristics of TiO2 photocatalysis were analyzed by ash content, X-ray diffraction analyzer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) , UV- visible (UV-VIS) analyzer , scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS), specific surface area analyzer(BET). In addition, the TiO2 photocatalysts were analyzed for their adsorption and photodegradation capacities for methylene blue. The results suggested that the TiO2 photocatalysts produced by doping with bagasse char and 3-month bagasse compost char could not enhance the photodegradation capacity, nor could the photocatalysts produced by doping with bagasse activated carbons produced by NaOH or KOH activation. However, the TiO2 photocatalysts produced by doping with 3-month bagasse compost activated carbons produced by NaOH or KOH activation could enhancing the photodegradation capacity of methylene blue. Doping the ZnCl2 active carbons, either bagasse activated carbon or compost activated carbon, with TiO2 could enhance the photodegradation efficiency. Nevertheless, it would mixed with 3 to 4.5% of bagasse activated carbon, but only 1.5 to 3% compost activated carbon, in order to observe similar photodegradation efficiency enhancement. This observation suggest that compost activated carbon might be a better doping material compared with bagasse activated carbon, probably due to the better aromatic structure and high ash content in the compost sample. In spite of this, when the TiO2 were doped with extra 3.5 N urea as nitrogen source, the photocatalyst doped with 0-month bagasse activated carbon improved the photodegradation capacity while the sample doped with 3-month compost activated carbon disfavored the photodegradation performance. The results suggested that different doping materials could have different optimal doping ratio.
Cheng, Sheng-Chung y 鄭勝中. "The effects of the dopping of α-tocopherol on the material properties of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70230769377551880834.
Texto completo國立陽明大學
醫學工程研究所
100
UHMWPE is widely used for artificial hip and knee joints because of its high wear resistance, low friction and high toughness. However, the wear problem induced by the aging of the material remains one of the main causes which restricted the longevity of an artificial joint. Recently, technique by doping α-tocopherol, an anti-oxidant, into UHMWPE has been developed to improve the aging problem. However, although the presence of α-tocopherol can reduce the level of oxidation, it affects the mechanical properties of the material as well. In this study, we used a small punch system, a pin-on-flat system, and a wear test system to test the mechanical properties of UHMWPE and to clarify the effects of α-tocopherol and Cross-linking on the performance of UHMWPE. The mechanical tests showed that by adding α-tocopherol can effectively improve the decrease in Young’s Modulus induced by cross-linking. Cross-linking also decreases the crystallinity and density of the material substantially and causes the deterioration of the mechanical properties. By adding α-tocopherol, the decrease in crystallinity and density due to cross-linking were improved and in consequence stabilize the microstructure of the materials. Friction and wear tests show that friction coefficient and wear factor both decreases by cross-linking while the increases by adding α-tocopherol. By dopping α-tocopherol , the extent of increase in wear factor due to aging can be reduced.
Lee, Yu-Chen y 李宥辰. "The Effects of Dopping elements on Conductivity and Chemical Stability of BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ-based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrolyte". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87961776566024624308.
Texto completo元智大學
化學工程與材料科學學系
98
In this study, the structure, phase stability and conductivity properties of BaCe0.8Y0.2-xNdxO3−δ (x = 0–0.2) in humidity air atmosphere are investigated. XRD results indicate that the BaCe0.8Y0.2-xNdxO3−δ sample have a symmetric orthorhombic structure. The conductivity of BaCe0.8Y0.2-xNdxO3−δ increases with temperature increases, and it depends on the amount of Nd doping and the atmosphere. At 800 oC, BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−δ exhibits the higher conductivity of 0.028 S cm−1, than that of BaCe0.8Y0.15Nd0.05O3−δ, BaCe0.8Y0.1Nd0.1O3−δ, BaCe0.8Y0.05Nd0.15O3−δ, BaCe0.8Nd0.2O3−δsamples of 0.021 S cm−1, 0.015 S cm−1, 0.013 S cm−1, and 0.01 S cm−1, respectively. AC impedance results indicate that the resistances of the BaCe0.8Y0.2-xNdxO3−δ decrease with temperature increased, and the main resistance attributed to the ion diffusion resistance. In addition, the resistance in bulk is higher than that in grain boundary at 600 oC –700 oC. However, the bulk resistance is less than grain boundary resistance at 700 oC–800 oC. This result shows that the grain boundary obviously improves the oxygen ion conduction in high temperatures. In the SEM micro-structure analysis, the grain size of the BaCe0.8Y0.2-xNdxO3−δ decrease with the Nd3+ substituted with Y3+. On the contrary, the grain boundary area relatively increased. From the AC impedance analysis, ion diffusion resistance increases with the grain boundary increases. In the result of phase stability, it was found that the intensity of the perovskite phase decreased and secondary phase formed especially for the BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ sample in 80 oC water bath after 6 hours. The phase stability of BaCe0.8Y0.2-xNdxO3−δ (x=0.05–0.2) samples is better than that of BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ. In addition, the structure, phase stability and conductivity properties of BaCe0.8-yNdyY0.2O3−δ (y = 0–0.2) in humidity air atmosphere are investigated. XRD results indicate that the BaCe0.8-yNdyY0.2O3−δ sample have a symmetric orthorhombic structure. The conductivity of BaCe0.8-yNdyY0.2O3−δ increases with temperature increases, and it depends on the amount of Nd doping and the atmosphere. At 800 oC, BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−δ exhibits the higher conductivity of 0.028 S cm−1, than BaCe0.75Nd0.05Y0.2O3−δ, BaCe0.7Nd0.1Y0.2O3−δ, BaCe0.65Nd0.15Y0.2O3−δ, BaCe0.6Nd0.2Y0.2O3−δ samples of 0.023 S cm−1, 0.02 S cm−1, 0.008 S cm−1, and 0.005 S cm−1, respectively. Therefore, the conductivity of BaCe0.8-yNdyY0.2O3−δ didn’t improve with the Nd3+ substituted Ce4+. AC impedance results indicate that the resistances of the BaCe0.8-yNdyY0.2O3−δ decreased with temperature increased, and the main resistance comes from ion diffusion resistance. In addition, the bulk resistance is higher than grain boundary resistance at 600 oC –700 oC. However, the bulk resistance is less than grain boundary resistance at 700 oC–800 oC. This result shows that the grain boundary obviously improves the oxygen ion conduction in high temperatures. In the SEM pictures, it was found that the grain size decrease with the Nd3+ substituted with Ce4+. From the AC impedance results, ion diffusion resistance increases with the grain boundary relatively increased .In the phase stability results, it was found that the intensity of the perovskite phase decreased and secondary phase formed especially for the BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ sample in 80 oC water bath after 6 hours. The phase stability of BaCe0.75Nd0.05Y0.2O3−δ and BaCe0.7Nd0.1Y0.2O3−δ samples is better than that of BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ, the main pervoskite structure didn’t react with water at 80 oC.
Prestel, Ute [Verfasser]. "Effekte eines Knorpelpräparates bei der Gonarthrose nach zweimonatigem Follow-up : eine randomisierte, placebo-kontrollierte Doppel-Blind-Studie / vorgelegt von Ute Prestel". 2007. http://d-nb.info/98618991X/34.
Texto completoLALLO, CARLO. "Le disuguaglianze di classe sociale nella speranza di vita dopo il pensionamento in Italia, stime ed effetti sull'equità previdenziale". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917140.
Texto completoMoraes, Maria Renata. "Desenvolvimento de tecidos revestidos com o poli (3,4- Etilenodioxitofeno) dopado com poli (Sulfonato de Estireno) (PEDOT:PSS) para o autoaquecimento resistivo de têxteis". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/48684.
Texto completoThis research shows the development of a functional textile, with flexible resistive selfheating properties through the conversion of electricity to heat (Joule effect) and with competitive cost to be used in garments. Conductive polymer technology was used to coat a polyamide 6.6 fabric (PA66) pre-activated by atmospheric DBD plasma treatment. Three types of coatings with 1 and 5 layers were investigated: i) A pure commercial poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS); ii) A PEDOT:PSS doped with 5 wt% of ethylene glycol and iii) PEDOT:PSS doped with 5 wt% of glycerol. Polyols were added to provide an increase in electrical conductivity. The coatings were analyzed between 3 and 46 V at the applied current of 2 Ampere. The analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TGA), mechanicaldynamic analysis (DMA), scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) show significant changes in morphology, chemistry, enthalpy, crystallinity and glass transition temperature confirming that doped PEDOT:PSS is not only spread over the PA66 yarn surfaces but is dispersed in the bulk facilitating relaxation and increasing structure and chain flexibility. Electrical resistivity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests confirm that the plasma treated PA66 coated with 5 layers of PEDOT:PSS and doped with 5 wt% of glycerol presents the highest stability, resistance, capacitive behavior and the best ability on storing the electrical energy. This configuration needs only 7.5 V to induce a temperature change up to 38 °C (a temperature higher than human body core temperature) at a current density of 0.3 A g-1. The desired temperature is easily adjustable in function of the applied voltage and by the number of coated layers of PEDOT:PSS. Despite the need to improve the uniformity of the coating thickness on the fabric for uniform heat generation, the observed results are promising since can be compared to the temperature obtained in carbon nanotube composites using similar voltages. This cost-competitive, safe, high flexible and stable thermoelectric fabric ensure its use in large area textiles as heating element in a wide range of applications such as garments, carpets, blankets and automotive seats.
Esta pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento de um tecido funcional flexível e de custo competitivo com propriedades de autoaquecimento resistivo para ser utilizado em vestuário. Foi utilizado um polímero condutor para revistir um tecido de poliamida 6,6 (PA66) ativado por um tratamento superficial de plasma atmosférico. Foram investigados três tipos de revestimentos com 1 e 5 camadas: i) Polímero condutor comercial poli (3,4-etilenodioxitiofeno) dopado com poli (sulfonato de estireno) (PEDOT:PSS); ii) PEDOT:PSS com 5% em peso de etilenoglicol e iii) PEDOT:PSS com 5% em peso de glicerol. Os polióis foram adicionados para aumentar a condutividade elétrica. Foram analisados os revestimentos nas gamas de tensão entre 3 e 46 V, com uma corrente aplicada de 2 A. As análises de espectroscopia de infravermelho (FTIR), calorimetria diferencial (DSC), termogravimetria (TGA), análise mecânico-dinâmica (DMA), microscopia eletrónica de varrimento com microanálise de raios X (SEM-EDS) e difração de raios-X (XRD) mostram alterações significativas na morfologia, entalpia, cristalinidade e temperatura de transição vítrea, confirmando que PEDOT:PSS e os polióis não estão apenas na superfície das fibras mas estão dispersos no interior dos tecidos facilitando o relaxamento e aumentando a flexibilidade das cadeias poliméricas. As medidas de resistividade elétrica e eletroquímicas de impedância (EIS) e voltametria cíclica (VC) confirmaram que a PA66 tratada com plasma e revestida com 5 camadas de PEDOT:PSS e glicerol 5% apresenta a maior estabilidade, resistência, comportamento capacitivo e capacidade de armazenamento da energia elétrica. Esta configuração necessita apenas de 7,5 V para induzir uma temperatura até 38 °C (superior a temperatura interna do corpo humano) com uma densidade de corrente de 0,3 A g-1. A temperatura é ajustável em função da tensão aplicada e pelo número de camadas de PEDOT:PSS. Apesar da necessidade de melhorar a uniformidade dos revestimentos, os resultados são promissores uma vez que podem ser comparados com temperaturas obtidas em compósitos de nanotubos de carbono com tensões elétricas semelhantes. Este tecido termoelétrico seguro, flexível e de custo competitivo, proporciona o seu uso como elemento de aquecimento em grandes superfícies têxteis em das icações em roupas, tapetes, cobertores e automóveis.
Schaefers, Kerstin. "Angiographische Ergebnisse des A.A.C.H.E.N. Trial : eine doppel-geblindete, randomisierte, Plazebo-kontrollierte klinische Studie zur Evaluation der Effekte von Candesarten auf die Restenosierung nach koronarer Stentimplantation /". 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016172056&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Texto completoRIZZO, MARILENA. "Effetti dell’età e dei media di maturazione sulla qualità e capacità di sviluppo di oociti prelevati da ovaie di cavalle dopo macellazione". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11570/3109343.
Texto completoCHUNG, YUNG YEA y 張源益. "Effect of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO) in epoxy resin on the curing behavior , flame retardant and mechanical properties". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72379519027379705708.
Texto completo國立中央大學
化學工程學系
84
The effect of organophosphornic compound(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa- phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide, DOPO) on the curing behavior of DGEBA/DDS (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone) system using DSC , thermogravimetry , instron and flammability tester was investigated. The DSC results indicated that DOPO compound could increase the reaction rate. The results of TGA measurement indicated the higher DOPO-containing had good thermal stability in high temperature although the thermal stability in low temperature was not good. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) could reach as high as 31 with 0.1 equivalent DOPO containing. The more DOPO containing resin had verified a highly effective flame retardency. The autocatalytic model was found that was good agreement with the experimental data for DDS/epoxy and DDS/epoxy containing DOPO systems. Tensile stress and Young* s module showed that resin blended DOPO almost not effect machine properties.Key Word: epoxy, DSC, TGA, flame retardant, limitingoxygen index(LOI)
Früngel, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Der Effekt des Glykoprotein IIb-IIIa-Rezeptor-Antagonisten Abciximab auf Patienten mit akutem ST-Hebungs-Myokardinfarkt während einer primären perkutanen Koronarangiographie nach Vorbehandlung mit einer hohen Sättigungsdosis Clopidogrel : eine randomisierte Doppel-blind-Studie / Stefan Früngel". 2010. http://d-nb.info/1003102972/34.
Texto completoRENGHINI, Cristina. "Il sistema di tutela brevettuale nell'Unione Europea: il Brevetto Europeo con effetto unitario e il Tribunale Unificato dei Brevetti". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251086.
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