Artículos de revistas: "Distal cholangiocarcinoma"

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Dickson, Paxton V. y Stephen W. Behrman. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Surgical Clinics of North America 94, n.º 2 (abril de 2014): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.suc.2013.12.004.

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Lad, Neha y David A. Kooby. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 23, n.º 2 (abril de 2014): 265–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soc.2013.11.001.

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3

Liu, Katherine. "Distal cholangiocarcinoma". Journal of Surgical Oncology 95, n.º 3 (2007): 192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.20666.

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4

Serafini, Francesco M., Donald Sachs, Mark Bloomston, Larry C. Carey, Richard C. Karl, Michael M. Murr y Alexander S. Rosemurgy. "Location, not Staging, of Cholangiocarcinoma Determines the Role for Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy". American Surgeon 67, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2001): 839–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480106700905.

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The role of adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CT/XRT) in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma is controversial. We undertook this study to determine whether CT/XRT is appropriate after resection of cholangiocarcinomas. One hundred ninety-two patients with cholangiocarcinomas were treated from 1988 to 1999. After resection, patients were assigned a stage (TNM) and were stratified by location of the tumor as intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal tumors. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Of 192 patients 92 (48%) underwent resections of cholangiocarcinomas. Thirty-four patients had liver resections, 25 had bile duct resections, and 33 underwent pancreaticoduodenectomies. Thirty-four patients had adjuvant CT/XRT, three had adjuvant chemotherapy, four had neoadjuvant CT/XRT, and 50 had no radiation or chemotherapy. Mean survival of resected patients with adjuvant CT/XRT was 42 ± 37.0 months and without CT/XRT it was 29 ± 24.5 months ( P = 0.07). Mean survival of patients with distal tumors receiving or not receiving CT/XRT was 41 ± 21.8 versus 25 ± 20.1 months, respectively, ( P = 0.04). Adjuvant chemoradiation improves survival after resection for cholangiocarcinoma ( P = 0.07) particularly in patients undergoing resection for distal tumors ( P = 0.04). Benefits of adjuvant CT/XRT are apparent when stratified by location of cholangiocarcinomas rather than staging.

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5

Sallinen, V., J. Sirén, H. Mäkisalo, T. E. Lehtimäki, E. Lantto, A. Kokkola y A. Nordin. "Differences in Prognostic Factors and Recurrence Patterns After Curative-Intent Resection of Perihilar and Distal Cholangiocarcinomas". Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 109, n.º 3 (21 de febrero de 2019): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1457496919832150.

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Background: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma arise from the same tissue but require different surgical treatment methods. It remains unclear whether these cholangiocarcinoma types have different outcomes, prognostic factors, and/or recurrence patterns. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients who underwent curative-intent resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma or distal cholangiocarcinoma at a tertiary academic hospital during 2000–2015. Survival and prognostic factors were identified using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. Results: The 90-day mortality rates were 0% for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (36 patients) and 4% for distal cholangiocarcinoma (47 patients). There were no significant differences between perihilar cholangiocarcinoma or distal cholangiocarcinoma in median overall survival (30.9 vs 40.4 months) or median disease-free survival (14.2 vs 21.4 months). Among perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients, age > 65 years was an independent predictor of poorer overall survival (hazard ratio: 2.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.07–5.64), while requiring bile duct re-resection was an independent predictor of disease-free survival (hazard ratio: 2.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–7.51). Among distal cholangiocarcinoma patients, a pN1 category independently predicted poorer overall survival (hazard ratio: 3.40, 95% confidence interval: 1.14–10.11), while preoperative CA19-9 levels >30 U/mL (hazard ratio: 2.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.09–5.79) and pN1 category (hazard ratio: 2.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.09–5.79) predicted a shorter disease-free survival. Local recurrence was more common with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (50% of recurrences), while multiple synchronous sites were more common for distal cholangiocarcinoma (41% of recurrences). Conclusion: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma patients have similar survival outcomes. However, local control appears to be more prognostic for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients, while positive lymph nodes are critical prognostic factor for distal cholangiocarcinoma patients.

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6

Xu, Yi. "Treatment of distal cholangiocarcinoma". World Chinese Journal of Digestology 22, n.º 28 (2014): 4263. http://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v22.i28.4263.

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7

Pandey, Arun, Rajesh Mandal y Paleswan Joshi Lakhey. "Rare Anomaly of Common Bile Duct in Association with Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Case Reports in Surgery 2018 (17 de diciembre de 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8351913.

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Duplication of common bile duct is a rare entity and its association with distal cholangiocarcinoma is extremely rare. It represents failure of regression of the embryological double biliary system. Here, we describe the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of a type I variant of the extrahepatic bile duct duplication coexistent with distal cholangiocarcinoma that was diagnosed intraoperatively while treating with Whipple procedure for distal cholangiocarcinoma.

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8

Gorji, Leva y Eliza W. Beal. "Surgical Treatment of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Current Oncology 29, n.º 9 (17 de septiembre de 2022): 6674–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29090524.

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Distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA) is a rare malignancy arising from the epithelial cells of the distal biliary tract and has a poor prognosis. dCCA is often clinically silent and patients commonly present with locally advanced and/or distant disease. For patients identified with early stage, resectable disease, surgical resection with negative margins remains the only curative treatment strategy available. However, despite appropriate treatment and diligent surveillance, risk of recurrence remains high with nearly 50% of patients experiencing recurrence at 5 years subsequent to surgical resection; therefore, it is prudent to continue to optimize neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies in order to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve overall survival. In this review, we discuss the clinical presentation, workup and surgical treatment of dCCA.

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Karanjia, Homyar, John A. Abraham, Brian O’Hara, Brandon Shallop, Joseph Daniel, Nicholas Taweel y Faith A. Schick. "Distal Fibula Metastasis of Cholangiocarcinoma". Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery 52, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2013): 659–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2013.02.017.

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10

Rizzo, Alessandro y Giovanni Brandi. "Novel Targeted Therapies for Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma". Medicina 57, n.º 3 (26 de febrero de 2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030212.

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) includes a group of rare and aggressive hepatobiliary malignancies, including extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), with the former further subdivided into distal (dCCA) and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) [...]

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Ricci, Angela Dalia y Alessandro Rizzo. "Dual HER2 Blockade: An Emerging Option in Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer?" Medicina 57, n.º 12 (27 de noviembre de 2021): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57121301.

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Biliary tract cancer (BTC) includes a heterogeneous group of aggressive and rare hepatobiliary malignancies, including gallbladder cancer, ampullary carcinomas, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, further subclassified into distal (dCCA) and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) [...]

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Aydın, Ünal, İsmail Özsan, Türker Karabuğa, Özcan Alpdoğan, Ragıp Ortaç, Ömer Yoldaş y Erkan Şahin. "Unclassified Diffuse Ductal Cholangiocarcinoma; Report of a Case". Case Reports in Surgery 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/542849.

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common malignant tumor of the liver. It is simply classified as intrahepatic and extrahepatic CCA (including perihilar and distal extra hepatic CCA) according to the anatomic localization. Various classification systems were described for staging cholangiocarcinoma. We represent an interesting case of cholangiocarcinoma which is in the shadow area of classification by involving intrahepatic, hilar, and distal extra hepatic bile ducts. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature with diffuse bile duct involvement.

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13

Kumar, Vinay, Umakanth Goud y Durgatosh Pandey. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma with Coexistent Biliary Ascariasis". Indian Journal of Surgery 73, n.º 5 (6 de abril de 2011): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12262-011-0252-3.

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14

Connor, Saxon. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma: Time for Collaborative Studies". World Journal of Surgery 31, n.º 2 (9 de octubre de 2006): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-006-0508-4.

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15

Lee, Maximilian, Subhas Banerjee, Mitchell C. Posner y Christine A. Cartwright. "Distal Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as Cholangitis". Digestive Diseases and Sciences 55, n.º 7 (26 de mayo de 2010): 1852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-010-1282-6.

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16

Lee, Rachel M. y Shishir K. Maithel. "Approaches and Outcomes to Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 28, n.º 4 (octubre de 2019): 631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soc.2019.06.014.

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17

Fama', Fausto, Arnaud Piquard, Jessica Pallela, Dario Lo Presti, Olivier Saint‐Marc y Maria Gioffre'‐Florio. "Unusual presentation of a distal cholangiocarcinoma". Clinical Case Reports 3, n.º 12 (28 de octubre de 2015): 1052–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.415.

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18

Jung, Pyung, Eung-Ho Cho, Sang-Bum Kim y Ryoung-Go Kim. "Comparison of the clinical results of surgical resection for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma and mid-to-distal cholangiocarcinoma". Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery 23, n.º 4 (2019): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.14701/ahbps.2019.23.4.319.

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19

Ito, Yasuhiro, Yuta Abe, Tomohisa Egawa, Minoru Kitago, Osamu Itano y Yuko Kitagawa. "Predictive Factors of Early Recurrence in Patients with Distal Cholangiocarcinoma after Pancreaticoduodenectomy". Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6431254.

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Aim. To determine the factors associated with early recurrence in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Patients and Methods. Sixty-one patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma were enrolled. The clinical data and histopathological findings were collected retrospectively.Results. Patients were divided into two groups as follows: 16 patients (26%) with early recurrence and 45 patients (74%) with late recurrence or no recurrence. In a univariate analysis, lymph node metastases (P=0.0016), lymphatic invasion (P<0.0001), pancreatic invasion (P=0.0006), and perineural invasion (P=0.0004) were significantly different between the two groups. In a multivariate analysis, a higher incidence of lymphatic invasion was the only independent risk factor for early recurrence (odds ratio: 5.772, 95% confidence interval: 1.123–29.682,P=0.036). Moreover, the disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with a higher incidence of lymphatic invasion were significantly worse compared with those of patients with a lower incidence of lymphatic invasion (P<0.001).Conclusions. Our study showed that a higher incidence of lymphatic invasion was a significant predictor of early recurrence in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma. Therefore, lymphatic invasion might be useful in determining the optimal adjuvant therapy in the early postoperative stage for distal cholangiocarcinoma.

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20

O'Hagan, MSN, RN, ANP-BC, AOCNP, Kristen. "Updates in Cholangiocarcinoma". Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology 13, n.º 3 (1 de abril de 2022): 320–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.3.28.

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Cholangiocarcinoma is a spectrum of invasive adenocarcinomas that arise in the intrahepatic, perihilar, or distal biliary tree, and is classified by location. During JADPRO Live Virtual 2021, Kristen O’Hagan, MSN, RN, ANP-BC, AOCNP®, discussed this complex disease, current treatment strategies, and the role of targeted therapy and how it’s changing the treatment landscape for cholangiocarcinoma.

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21

Ito, Yasuhiro, Takeshi Kenmochi, Tomohisa Egawa, Shinobu Hayashi, Atsushi Nagashima y Yuko Kitagawa. "Diagnosis of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma after the Removal of Choledocholithiasis". Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/396869.

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Background and Aim. Distal cholangiocarcinoma associated with choledocholithiasis has not been reported, and the causal relationship remains to be established. We evaluated diagnosis of distal cholangiocarcinoma diagnosed after the removal of choledocholithiasis.Patients and Methods. We assigned 9 cases of cholangiocarcinoma with choledocholithiasis to Group A. As a control group, 37 patients with cholangiocarcinoma without choledocholithiasis were assigned to Group B.Results. Abdominal pain at admission is the only significant difference between Group A and Group B(P=0.001). All patients in Group A had gall bladder stones, compared with 7 patients (19%) in Group B(P<0.01). Of the 9 patients in Group A, endoscopic retrade cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) detected normality in 2 patients (22%) and abnormalities in 7 patients (78%). Of the 32 patients in Group B, ERCP detected normality in 4 patients (13%) and abnormalities in 28 patients (88%)(P=0.597). Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) detected a tumor in 8 patients in Group A, while in Group B, IDUS detected normality in 1 patient (3%) and tumors in 29 patients (97%)(P=1.000).Conclusions. IDUS after stone removal may potentially help in the detection of unexpected tumors. Therefore, we believe that IDUS after stone removal will lead to improve outcome and prognosis.

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Courtin-Tanguy, Laetitia, Michel Rayar, Damien Bergeat, Aude Merdrignac, Yann Harnoy, Karim Boudjema, Bernard Meunier y Laurent Sulpice. "The true prognosis of resected distal cholangiocarcinoma". Journal of Surgical Oncology 113, n.º 5 (18 de enero de 2016): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.24165.

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23

van Dijk, Stefan, Anneke J. van der Kooi, Eleonora Aronica, Thomas M. van Gulik, Olivier R. Busch y Marc G. Besselink. "Paraneoplastic Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy in a Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Pancreatoduodenectomy for Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Case Reports in Gastroenterology 10, n.º 3 (6 de octubre de 2016): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000448882.

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A 73-year-old male presented with jaundice and severe muscle weakness. He was diagnosed with distal cholangiocarcinoma and paraneoplastic necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM). Treatment of NAM consisted of dexamethasone pulse therapy, prednisone, and single-dose intravenous immunoglobulin. The distal cholangiocarcinoma was resected through a total laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy. After hospital discharge, muscle strength initially increased postoperatively; however, pneumonia resulted in the deterioration of his general condition and death 5 months after the diagnosis of paraneoplastic NAM.

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24

Zheng, Yuanwen, Yejun Qin, Wei Gong, Hongguang Li, Bin Li, Yu Wang, Baoting Chao et al. "Specific genomic alterations and prognostic analysis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma". Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 12, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2021): 2631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jgo-21-776.

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25

Lee, Sang Hoon. "Papillary Cholangiocarcinoma Located in the Distal Common Bile Duct". Clinical Ultrasound 7, n.º 1 (31 de mayo de 2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18525/cu.2022.7.1.49.

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Papillary tumors are the rarest form of cholangiocarcinoma, usually present as intraductal masses in the common bile duct (CBD), which cause obstructive jaundice early in the course of the disease. A 66-year-old female had jaundice for one month. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a 2-cm-sized hypoechoic mass located in the distal CBD with upstream biliary tree dilatation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging suggested the possibility of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We performed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with intraductal ultrasonography, revealing a papillary mass without definitive bile duct invasion located in the distal CBD. The patient underwent successful surgery and was diagnosed with stage T1N0M0 papillary adenocarcinoma. The patient is currently, one year after the surgery, under follow-up without recurrence.

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Waseem, David y Patel Tushar. "Intrahepatic, Perihilar and Distal Cholangiocarcinoma: Management and Outcomes". Annals of Hepatology 16, n.º 1 (enero de 2017): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/16652681.1226927.

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27

Berger, Y., R. Macfie, H. Liu, T. M. Li, S. Imtiaz, M. Williams, C. Ang et al. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma – Should we Shift the Treatment Paradigm?" HPB 24 (2022): S467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2022.05.1003.

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Miura, Fumihiko, Keiji Sano, Hodaka Amano, Naoyuki Toyota, Keita Wada, Takuo Tokairin, Fukuo Kondo, Koichi Hayano, Hisahiro Matsubara y Tadahiro Takada. "Is it possible to define early distal cholangiocarcinoma?" Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 401, n.º 1 (30 de octubre de 2015): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00423-015-1351-6.

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Xin, Qi, Rong Lv, Cheng Lou, Zhe Ma, Gui-Qiu Liu, Qin Zhang, Hai-Bo Yu y Chuan-Shan Zhang. "Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma coexisting with distal cholangiocarcinoma". Medicine 99, n.º 26 (26 de junio de 2020): e20854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000020854.

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30

Cloyd, J. M., L. Prakash, J. N. Vauthey, T. A. Aloia, Y. S. Chun, C. D. Tzeng, M. P. Kim, J. E. Lee y M. H. G. Katz. "Oncologic outcomes of preoperative therapy for distal cholangiocarcinoma". HPB 20 (marzo de 2018): S67—S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2018.02.291.

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31

Maeta, T., T. Ebata, E. Hayashi, T. Kawahara, S. Mizuno, N. Matsumoto, S. Ohta y M. Nagino. "Pancreatoduodenectomy with portal vein resection for distal cholangiocarcinoma". British Journal of Surgery 104, n.º 11 (7 de agosto de 2017): 1549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.10596.

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32

Sandru, Vasile, Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu, Madalina Stan-Ilie, Ruxandra Oprita, Gheorghe G. Balan, Oana-Mihaela Plotogea, Ecaterina Rinja et al. "Efficacy of Endobiliary Radiofrequency Ablation in Preserving Survival, Performance Status and Chemotherapy Eligibility of Patients with Unresectable Distal Cholangiocarcinoma: A Case-Control Study". Diagnostics 12, n.º 8 (26 de julio de 2022): 1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081804.

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Background: Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of the bile ducts causing intrahepatic, hilar, or distal bile duct obstruction. Most jaundiced patients are diagnosed with unresectable tumors in need for palliative bile duct drainage and chemotherapy. Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an adjuvant technique that may be applied prior to biliary stenting. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of endobiliary RFA prior to stent insertion in patients with unresectable distal cholangiocarcinomas. Methods: Twenty-five patients (eight treated with RFA and stenting and 17 treated with stenting alone) were included in a case-controlled study. We prospectively assessed the impact of RFA on the survival rate, the patient performance status, and the preservation of eligibility for chemotherapy based on the patient laboratory profile. Results: Patients treated with RFA prior to stenting proved to have a significantly longer survival interval (19 vs. 16 months, p = 0.04, 95% CI) and significantly better performance status. Moreover, the laboratory profiles of patients treated with RFA has been proven superior in terms of total bilirubin, liver enzymes, and kidney function, thus making patients likely eligible for palliative chemotherapy. Post-ERCP adverse events were scarce in both the study group and the control group. Conclusion: Given the isolated adverse events and the impact on the patient survival, performance, and laboratory profile, RFA can be considered safe and efficient in the management of patients with unresectable distal cholangiocarcinomas.

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Zeng, Fan-li y Jing-fang Chen. "Application of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma". Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 20 (enero de 2021): 153303382110399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211039952.

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Cholangiocarcinoma is a general term for intrahepatic and extrahepatic malignant tumors deriving in the biliary system. According to the location, it is divided into intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and distal cholangiocarcinoma. Progressive cholangiocarcinoma yields poor outcomes with radiotherapy; therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic breakthroughs. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy brings the treatment for cancer into a new field, with the use of drugs targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 considerably extending the survival of patients with melanoma, lung cancer, and other solid tumors. The FDA has approved the application of pembrolizumab for solid tumors with high microsatellite instability and defective mismatch repair, including cholangiocarcinoma. Moreover, the combination of ICIs with chemotherapy and radiation therapy showed good promise. The aim of the present study was to review the application of ICIs in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma and to summarize the reported individualized immunotherapy-based protocols and ongoing clinical trials for clinical reference.

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Gray, Simon, Angela Lamarca, Julien Edeline, Heinz-Josef Klümpen, Richard A. Hubner, Mairéad G. McNamara y Juan W. Valle. "Targeted Therapies for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma". Cancers 14, n.º 7 (31 de marzo de 2022): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071789.

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Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is the anatomical sub-group of biliary tract cancer (BTC) arising between the second-order intrahepatic bile ducts and the cystic duct. Together with distal and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA and iCCA; originating distal to, and proximal to this, respectively), gallbladder cancer (GBC) and ampulla of Vater carcinoma (AVC), these clinicopathologically and molecularly distinct entities comprise biliary tract cancer (BTC). Most pCCAs are unresectable at diagnosis, and for those with resectable disease, surgery is extensive, and recurrence is common. Therefore, the majority of patients with pCCA will require systemic treatment for advanced disease. The prognosis with cytotoxic chemotherapy remains poor, driving interest in therapies targeted to the molecular nature of a given patient’s cancer. In recent years, the search for efficacious targeted therapies has been fuelled both by whole-genome and epigenomic studies, looking to uncover the molecular landscape of CCA, and by specifically testing for aberrations where established therapies exist in other indications. This review aims to provide a focus on the current molecular characterisation of pCCA, targeted therapies applicable to pCCA, and future directions in applying personalised medicine to this difficult-to-treat malignancy.

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Serrablo, Alejandro, Leyre Serrablo, Ruslan Alikhanov y Luis Tejedor. "Vascular Resection in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma". Cancers 13, n.º 21 (21 de octubre de 2021): 5278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215278.

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Among the cholangiocarcinomas, the most common type is perihilar (phCC), accounting for approximately 60% of cases, after which are the distal and then intrahepatic forms. There is no staging system that allows for a comparison of all series and extraction of conclusions that increase the long-term survival rate of this dismal disease. The extension of the resection, which theoretically depends on the type of phCC, is not a closed subject. As surgery is the only known way to achieve a cure, many aggressive approaches have been adopted. Despite extended liver resections and even vascular resections, margins are positive in around one third of patients. In the past two decades, with advances in diagnostic and surgical techniques, surgical outcomes and survival rates have gradually improved, although variability is the rule, with morbidity and mortality rates ranging from 14% to 76% and from 0% to 19%, respectively. Extended hepatectomies and portal vein resection, or even right hepatic artery reconstruction for the left side tumors are frequently needed. Salvage procedures when arterial reconstruction is not feasible, as well as hepatopancreatoduodenectomy, are still under evaluation too. In this article, we discuss the aggressive surgical approach to phCC focused on vascular resection. Disparate results on the surgical treatment of phCC made it impossible to reach clear-cut conclusions.

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Kim, Yeseul, Min Jung Jung y Su-Jin Shin. "Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Common Bile Duct With Cholangiocarcinoma". International Journal of Surgical Pathology 26, n.º 8 (10 de mayo de 2018): 745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896918775531.

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Gastric heterotopia within the biliary system is extremely rare. Moreover, the combination of gastric heterotopia in the bile duct with cholangiocarcinoma has not been reported. We describe a case of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the common bile duct with cholangiocarcinoma. An 80-year-old male was admitted with abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography revealed wall thickening from the hilar duct to the distal common bile duct. Biopsy from the distal bile duct showed only benign gastric foveolar-type epithelium and fundic glands. Although the diagnosis of the biopsy was benign, malignancy was strongly suspected from the radiologic findings, and excision of the bile ducts was performed. Microscopically, the resected specimen showed poorly formed malignant glands and gastric heterotopia also identified in the common bile duct. Three months later, the patient’s state worsened due to recurrence, and he died. To our knowledge, this is the first report of gastric heterotopia in the bile duct accompanying cholangiocarcinoma.

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Oohashi, Taku, Jun Sakata, Kazuhiro Kaneko, Toshifumi Wakai, Yoshio Shirai, Yoichi Ajioka y Katsuyoshi Hatakeyama. "A Case of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis". Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery 45, n.º 1 (2012): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5833/jjgs.45.60.

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Kim, Eun-Mi, Byung Seok Lee, Hee Seok Moon, Jae Kyu Sung, Seok Hyun Kim, Heon Young Lee y Dae Young Kang. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma with Gastric Metastasis Mimicking Early Gastric Cancer". Gut and Liver 3, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2009): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5009/gnl.2009.3.3.222.

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39

Ruiz-Tovar, Jaime, Elena Martín-Pérez y Carlos Gamallo-Amat. "Distal Cholangiocarcinoma Associated with Papillitis with Viral CMV Inclusions". Digestive Surgery 22, n.º 6 (2005): 464–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000092035.

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Chua, Terence C., Anubhav Mittal, Jenny Arena, Amy Sheen, Anthony J. Gill y Jaswinder S. Samra. "Resection margin influences survival after pancreatoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma". American Journal of Surgery 213, n.º 6 (junio de 2017): 1072–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.09.049.

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41

Kiriyama, M., T. Ebata, T. Aoba, Y. Kaneoka, T. Arai, Y. Shimizu y M. Nagino. "Prognostic impact of lymph node metastasis in distal cholangiocarcinoma". British Journal of Surgery 102, n.º 4 (22 de enero de 2015): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.9752.

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42

Komaya, K., T. Ebata, K. Shirai, S. Ohira, N. Morofuji, A. Akutagawa, R. Yamaguchi y M. Nagino. "Recurrence after resection with curative intent for distal cholangiocarcinoma". British Journal of Surgery 104, n.º 4 (31 de enero de 2017): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.10452.

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43

Buchs, Nicolas C., Pietro Addeo, Francesco M. Bianco, Enrique F. Elli, Subhashini Ayloo y Pier C. Giulianotti. "Robotic palliation for unresectable pancreatic cancer and distal cholangiocarcinoma". International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery 7, n.º 1 (29 de diciembre de 2010): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcs.370.

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44

Shchegolev, A. I., U. N. Tumanova, G. G. Karmazanovsky y O. D. Mishnev. "Cholangiocarcinoma: classification and staging". Medical Visualization, n.º 5 (28 de octubre de 2018): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-2018-5-55-64.

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The main classifications of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) are currently the TNM classification, as well as the Bismuth–Corlette and MSKCC classifications. The criteria of T, N and M categories and characteristics of the stages of cholangiocarcinoma of the proximal and distal bile ducts, which are specified in the modern 8th edition of the international TNM classification, are presented. TNM classification is the most common for the development of treatment methods and the determination of disease prognosis. The Bismuth–Corlette classification, which characterizes the CC of the bile ducts in the region of the gate of the liver, is used to determine the type and volume of surgery. MSKCC classification of the CC of proximal bile ducts is designed to assess the prognosis of resectability, the risk of metastases and long-term survival of patients.

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45

Panettieri, Elena y Alessandro Coppola. "Preoperative Misdiagnosis in Patients Undergoing Pancreatoduodenectomy". Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, n.º 23 (3 de diciembre de 2022): 7200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237200.

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Distal bile duct cholangiocarcinoma, ampullary adenocarcinoma, duodenal carcinoma, and ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) of the head of the pancreas usually have similar clinical presentation since they arise in the same circumscribed anatomical area, within 2 cm of the major duodenal papilla [...]

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46

Shea, Connor B., William Durchholz, Daniel Kronner, Faiz L. Tuma y Mohamed K. Kamel. "Trends and Outcomes of Adjuvant Therapy in Extrahepatic/Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Journal of the American College of Surgeons 235, n.º 5 (17 de octubre de 2022): S158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.xcs.0000894192.85208.da.

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47

Turaga, Kiran K., Susan Tsai, Lauren A. Wiebe, Douglas B. Evans y T. Clark Gamblin. "Novel Multimodality Treatment Sequencing for Extrahepatic (Mid and Distal) Cholangiocarcinoma". Annals of Surgical Oncology 20, n.º 4 (12 de octubre de 2012): 1230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-012-2648-0.

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48

Suzuki, Shuji, Hideki Kajiyama, Mitsugi Shimoda, Jiro Shimazaki, Nobusada Koike y Nobuhiko Harada. "Prognostic Factors Associated with Preoperative Clinicophysiological Outcomes of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma". Digestive Surgery 34, n.º 6 (2017): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000456082.

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49

Kim, Eui Joo, Dong Hae Chung, Yoon Jae Kim, Yeon Suk Kim, Yeon Ho Park, Keon Kuk Kim y Jae Hee Cho. "Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation for distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A clinicopathological study". PLOS ONE 13, n.º 11 (15 de noviembre de 2018): e0206694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206694.

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50

Strijker, Marin, Ali Belkouz, Lydia van der Geest, Olivier Busch, Thomas van Gulik, Joanne Verheij, Johanna Wilmink, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Heinz-Josef Klümpen y Marc Besselink. "Nationwide treatment, outcome and predictors for survival in distal cholangiocarcinoma". Pancreatology 18, n.º 4 (junio de 2018): S59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pan.2018.05.158.

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