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Pomara, C., V. Fineschi, G. Scalzo y G. Guglielmi. "Virtopsy versus digital autopsy: virtuous autopsy". La radiologia medica 114, n.º 8 (7 de agosto de 2009): 1367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11547-009-0435-1.
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Belanger, Arthur J., Antonio E. Lopes y John H. Sinard. "Implementation of a Practical Digital Imaging System for Routine Gross Photography in an Autopsy Environment". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2000): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-0160-ioapdi.
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Abstract Background.—The autopsy environment places stringent requirements on a digital imaging system. These requirements must be addressed if the system is to be functional, easy to use, and reliable. Design.—After clearly defining the requirements for such a system, we implemented routine digital imaging in a busy academic autopsy suite. Results.—The new technology was immediately accepted by both the resident staff and the technical staff. Although a 35-mm camera was always available for traditional photography, it was rarely used. An interesting side effect of implementing digital imaging was a nearly twofold increase in the number of images taken per autopsy case. The requirements, features, and utility of a digital imaging system are discussed. Conclusion.—Digital imaging in an autopsy environment can be both practical and cost-effective. It provides many advantages over traditional 35-mm photography and can be the first step toward numerous additional improved services.
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Imam Riadi, Abdul Fadlil y Muhammad Immawan Aulia. "Investigasi Bukti Digital Optical Drive Menggunakan Metode National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST)". Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 4, n.º 5 (30 de octubre de 2020): 820–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v4i5.2224.
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DVD-R is a type of optical drive that can store data in one burning process. However, there is a feature that allows erasing data in a read-only type, namely multisession. The research was conducted to implement the data acquisition process which was deleted from a DVD-R using Autopsy forensic tools and FTK Imager. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a method commonly used in digital forensics in scope storage with stages, namely collection, examination, analysis, and reporting. The acquisition results from Autopsy and FTK-Imager show the same results as the original file before being deleted, validated by matching the hash value. Based on the results obtained from the analysis and presentation stages, it can be concluded from the ten files resulting from data acquisition using the FTK Imager and Autopsy tools on DVD-R. FTK Imager detects two file systems, namely ISO9660 and Joliet, while the Autopsy tool only has one file system, namely UDF. The findings on the FTK Imager tool successfully acquired ten files with matching hash values and Autopsy Tools detected seven files with did not find three files with extensions, *.MOV, *.exe, *.rar. Based on the results of the comparative analysis of the performance test carried out on the FTK Imager, it got a value of 100% because it managed to find all deleted files and Autopsy got a value of 70% because 3 files were not detected because 3 files were not detected and the hash values were empty with the extensions * .exe, * .rar and *.MOV. This is because the Autopsy tool cannot detect the three file extensions.
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Islam, Mohammed N., Jesmine Khan, Kazuya Ikematsu, Pramod G. Bagali, Vinoth K. Raman y Rustakiah bt M. Ali. "Digital Autopsy: Popular Tools for an Unpopular Procedure". Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences & Forensic Medicine 1, n.º 7 (1 de junio de 2018): 792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.014.
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Pritt, Bobbi, Pamela Gibson, Kumarasen Cooper y Nicolas Hardin. "What Is a Picture Worth?: Digital Imaging Applications in Autopsy Reports". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 128, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 2004): 1247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2004-128-1247-wiapwd.
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Abstract Context.—An image-enhanced report (IER) containing color digital images can serve as an educational tool and document important gross and microscopic findings in anatomic pathology. Objective.—To determine the clinical impression of IERs on an academic autopsy service. Design.—Autopsy IERs were initiated at this institution in December 2001. From January 2002 to July 2003, 261 hospital-service autopsies were performed; color images were produced for 39 (15%) of these autopsies. Of these IERs, 29 were distributed to 74 hospital-employed physicians. Each hospital physician recipient was sent a 6-question e-mail survey to evaluate his or her impression of image quality and added value. Results.—Of the 74 hospital-employed physicians sent an IER, 41 responded to the survey (response rate, 55%). Twenty-one respondents recalled receiving a report with color images. Image quality was uniformly rated as good or excellent. Ninety-five percent thought the images increased their understanding of the report, and 76% thought that the images increased the utility of the report. All respondents stated they would (or did) use the images for educational purposes. Twenty-one percent of all respondents thought the presence of color images would increase their likelihood of requesting a future autopsy. Conclusions.—Color digital images are perceived as a valuable addition to the autopsy report. Although clinicians did not consider color images a strong motivator to request a future autopsy, most thought that the images enhanced their understanding and the utility of the report. All respondents stated they would use the images to educate themselves, medical students, residents, and/or the patient's family.
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Imam Riadi, Rusydi Umar y Muhammad Irwan Syahib. "Akuisisi Bukti Digital Viber Messenger Android Menggunakan Metode National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)". Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 5, n.º 1 (14 de febrero de 2021): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v5i1.2626.
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Viber is one of the most popular social media in the Instant Messenger application category that can be used to send text messages, make voice calls, send picture messages and video messages to other users. As many as 260 million people around the world have used this application. Increasing the number of viber users certainly brings positive and negative impacts, one of the negative impacts of this application is the use of digital forensic crime. This research simulates and removes digital crime evidence from the viber application on Android smartphones using the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) method, which is a method that has work guidelines on forensic policy and process standards to ensure each investigator follows the workflow the same so that their work is documented and the results can be accounted for. This study uses three forensic tools, MOBILedit Forensic Express, Belkasoft and Autopsy. The results in this study show that MOBILedit Forensic Express gets digital evidence with a percentage of 100% in getting accounts, contacts, pictures and videos. While proof of digital chat is only 50%. Belkasoft gets digital evidence with a percentage of 100% in getting accounts, contacts, pictures and videos. While proof of digital chat is only 50%. For Autopsy does not give the expected results in the extraction process, in other words the Autopsy application gives zero results. It can be concluded that MOBILedit Forensic Express and Belkasoft have a good performance compared to Autopsy and thus this research has been completed and succeeded in accordance with the expected goals.
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Riadi, Imam, Sunardi Sunardi y Abdul Hadi. "Analisis Bukti Digital TRIM Enable SSD NVMe Menggunakan Metode Static Forensics". JUITA: Jurnal Informatika 8, n.º 1 (4 de mayo de 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/juita.v8i1.6584.
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Bukti digital sangat penting dalam pembuktian kasus kejahatan komputer yang melibatkan perangkat penyimpanan. Salah satu media penyimpanan terkini saat ini adalah SSD NVMe, secara default sistem operasi Windows 10 terpasang TRIM dengan mode enable, fungsi TRIM mengoptimalkan kinerja kecepatan SSD NVMe dengan cara menghapus otomatis data lama pada sebuah sektor sebelum ditempatkan data baru sehingga menjadi tantangan investigator untuk mengembalikan bukti digital. Tujuan penelitian melakukan analisis bukti digital yang terhapus dengan metode penghapusan permanen dengan cara shift delete dan delete, delete recycle bin menggunakan tools forensics yang berbeda untuk mengembalikan bukti digital pada SSD NVMe TRIM enable. Metode yang digunakan static forensics sedangkan tools yang digunakan FTK Imager, Autopsy dan Recuva. Hasil analisis TRIM enable metode penghapusan shift delete tidak ditemukan bukti digital yang sesuai nilai hash dengan bukti digital asli. Sedangkan metode penghapusan delete, delete recycle bin bukti digital dapat dikembalikan dengan prosentase keberhasilan menggunakan tool Autopsy sebesar 90% dan 10% nilai hash bukti digital tidak valid, sedangkan tool Recuva 80% bukti digital berhasil dikembalikan dan 20% tidak berhasil dikembalikan, dapat disimpulkan hasil recovery penghapusan delete, delete recycle bin pada SSD NVME TRIM enable dapat dijadikan bukti digital yang sah menurut hukum.Kata-kata kunci: Forensika digital, Restorasi, Hapus Permanen, NVMe, NIST
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Kumar, Adarsh. "Digital Autopsy (Virtopsy) in India: Steps taken and journey ahead". Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 44, suppl (2022): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0848.2022.00011.2.
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Campbell, Jennifer A., James N. S. Hampton, Matthias Löhr, Chris Howard, David S. Sanders y Andrew D. Hopper. "The prevalence of pancreatic morphological abnormalities detected by digital autopsy". Pancreatology 18, n.º 7 (octubre de 2018): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pan.2018.07.002.
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Rizki Setyawan, Muhammad, Hermansa Hermansa y Muh Fadli Hasa. "ANALISIS FORENSIK DIGITAL PADA SKYPE BERBASIS WINDOWS 10 MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK ACPO". Jurnal Ilmiah Betrik 13, n.º 2 (15 de agosto de 2022): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36050/betrik.v13i2.469.
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Kejahatan di dunia setiap tahunnya semakin meningkat. Hal ini di dukung dengan mudahnya masyarakat dalam mendapatkan perangkat teknologi dan akses internet yang semakin luas. Aplikasi Skype merupakan salah satu sarana yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan kejahatan dunia maya. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah penggunanya yang semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu dalam menangani kejahatan di dunia maya di butuhkan metode forensik digital untuk menemukan bukti digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan hasil analisis forensik pada aplikasi Skype berbasis windows 10 dengan metode static forensic dan framework atau kerangka kerja Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO). Hasil yang di dapatkan adalah Autopsy berhasil mendapatkan bukti digital berupa 15 kontak person, 1 pesan teks, dan 9 file gambar dengan persentase kinerja sebesar 48%. Sedangkan tool forensik Belkasoft Evidence Center berhasil mendapatkan bukti digital 15 kontak person, 2 pesan teks dan untuk file gambar tidak dapat ditemukan dengan persentase kinerja sebesar 32%. Dari hasil tersebut dapat di simpulkan bahwan Autopsy memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dari Belkasoft dalam menemukan bukti digital yang telah terhapus.
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Fatmah, Nabilla y Rini Indrayani. "Analisis Forensik Digital pada Solid State Drive Fungsi TRIM Menggunakan Tools Autopsy dan OSForensics". J-SISKO TECH (Jurnal Teknologi Sistem Informasi dan Sistem Komputer TGD) 5, n.º 2 (19 de julio de 2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.53513/jsk.v5i2.5755.
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Jumlah penggunaan Solid State Drive (SSD) diberbagai perusahaan semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya berbanding terbalik dengan jumlah penggunaan Harddisk (HDD) yang semakin menurun setiap tahunnya. Fungsi TRIM yang ada pada SSD berdampak negatif pada analisis forensik dan data yang sudah terhapus tidak dapat lagi dijamin persistensinya. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode static dengan menerapkan standar forensik digital SNI Acquisition 27037:2014 sebagai panduan langkah akusisi. Proses recovery dilakukan dengan menggunakan tool Autopsy dan OSForensics. Hasil dari proses percobaan akuisisi dan recovery menunjukkan bahwa tool OSForensics memiliki waktu akuisisi 228 menit pada SSD TRIM enable dan 231 menit pada SSD TRIM disable sedangkan tool Autopsy memiliki waktu akuisisi 323 menit pada SSD TRIM enable dan 334 menit pada SSD TRIM disable. Persentase tingkat keberhasilan recovery tool Autopsy pada SSD TRIM enable sebesar 0% dan pada SSD TRIM disable sebesar 100%. Hasil yang sama juga didapatkan oleh tool OSForensics dimana persetase keberahsilan recovery yang dilakukan pada SSD TRIM enable sebesar 0% sedangkan pada SSD TRIM disable sebesar 100%. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa tool OSForensics memiliki waktu proses akuisisi yang lebih cepat. Kemampuan recovery yang ditunjukkan oleh kedua tool serupa pada SSD TRIM disable maupun TRIM enable.
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Riadi, Imam, Rusydi Umar y Arizona Firdonsyah. "Forensic Tools Performance Analysis on Android-based Blackberry Messenger using NIST Measurements". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, n.º 5 (1 de octubre de 2018): 3991. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3991-4003.
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Blackberry Messenger is one of the popularly used instant messaging applications on Android with user’s amount that increase significantly each year. The increase off Blackberry Messenger users might lead to application misuse, such as for commiting digital crimes. To conduct investigation involving smartphone devices, the investigators need to use forensic tools. Therefore, a research on current forensic tool’s performance in order to handle digital crime cases involving Android smartphones and Blackberry Messenger in particular need to be done. This research focuses on evaluating and comparing three forensic tools to obtain digital evidence from Blackberry Messenger on Android smartphones using parameter from National Institute of Standard Technology and Blackberry Messenger’s acquired digital evidences. The result shows that from comparative analysis conducted, Andriller gives 25% performance value, Oxygen Forensic Suite gives 100% performance value, and Autopsy 4.1.1 gives 0% performance value. Related to National Institute of Standard Technology parameter criterias, Andriller has performance value of 47.61%. Oxygen Forensic Suite has performance value of 61.90%. Autopsy 4.1.1 has performance value of 9.52%.
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Yuliana, Dina, Trihastuti Yuniati y Bita Parga Zen. "ANALISIS BUKTI DIGITAL CYBERBULLYING PADA MEDIA SOSIAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE NATIONAL INSTITUT OF STANDARD AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST) 800-101". LEDGER : Journal Informatic and Information Technology 1, n.º 3 (31 de agosto de 2022): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/ledger.v1i3.812.
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Salah satu dampak negatif dari kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi adalah munculnya fenomena Cyberbullying. Ditch The Label pada surveinya “The Annual Bullying Survey 2017”, mencatat lebih banyak anak muda yang mengalami cyberbullying di Instagram dari pada platform lain sebesar 42 persen, sementara WhatsApp 12 persen dari cyberbullying yang dilaporkan. Kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku cyberbullying tentunya akan meninggalkan barang bukti berupa bukti digital percakapan tentang kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku dan korban. Maka dari itu perlu adanya teknik digital forensik untuk perncarian bukti digital yang valid. Pada penelitian ini dibuat skenario kasus cyberbullying pada Instagram dan Whatsapp melalui ponsel non root. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui cara melakukan mobile forensics dengan menerapkan metode NIST Special Publication 800-101 Revision 1, dan mengetahui hasil analisis dari aplikasi MOBILEdit dan Autopsy dalam pencarian bukti digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bukti digital sesuai skenario yang telah dibuat tidak ditemukan semua. Percobaan menggunakan aplikasi MOBILEdit, pada instagram tidak ditemukan apapun sedangkan whatsApp hanya ditemukan stored-nya. Percobaan menggunakan aplikasi Autopsy, pada instagram ditemukannya beberapa teks berupa komentar hanya saja untuk gambar dan video tetap tidak ditemukan, sedangkan whatsApp tetap hanya ditemukan file stored-nya, teks tidak ditemukan.
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Thali, M. J., K. Yen, W. Schweitzer, P. Vock, C. Ozdoba y R. Dirnhofer. "Into the decomposed body—forensic digital autopsy using multislice-computed tomography". Forensic Science International 134, n.º 2-3 (julio de 2003): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(03)00137-3.
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Yuliana, Dina, Trihastuti Yuniati y Bita Parga Zen. "ANALISIS FORENSIK TERHADAP KASUS CYBERBULLYING PADA INSTAGRAM DAN WHATSAPP MENGGUNAKAN METODE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE (NIJ)". Cyber Security dan Forensik Digital 5, n.º 2 (19 de enero de 2023): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/csecurity.2022.5.2.3734.
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Salah satu dampak negatif dari kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi adalah munculnya fenomena Cyberbullying. Lembaga donasi anti-bullying, Ditch The Label pada surveinya “The Annual Bullying Survey 2017”, mencatat lebih banyak anak muda yang mengalami cyberbullying di Instagram dari pada platform lain sebesar 42 persen, dengan Facebook mengikuti di belakang dengan 37 persen. Snapchat berada di peringkat ketiga dengan 31 persen, sementara WhatsApp (12 persen), Youtube (10 persen), Twitter (9 persen) dan Tumblr (2 persen) dari cyberbullying yang dilaporkan. Kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku cyberbullying tentunya akan meninggalkan barang bukti berupa bukti digital percakapan tentang kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku dan korban. Maka dari itu perlu adanya teknik digital forensik untuk perncarian bukti digital yang valid. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti membuat skenario kasus cyberbullying pada aplikasi Instagram dan Whatsapp melalui Smartphone. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui cara dalam melakukan mobile forensics dengan menerapkan metode NIST Special Publication 800-101 Revision 1 dan mengetahui hasil analisis dari aplikasi forensik MOBILEdit, Autopsy dan FTK Imager dalam pencarian bukti digital cyberbullying pada aplikasi Instagram dan Whatsapp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bukti digital berhasil ditemukan hampir keseluruhan data sesuai skenario menggunakaan aplikasi Autopsy dan FTK Imager, dengan menggunakan physical image yang diperoleh dari ekstrak MOBILEdit dalam smartphone kondisi root. Namun, untuk FTK Imager harus mengetahui lokasi terlebih dahulu agar lebih mudah dalam pencarian data. Hasil data dari aplikasi MOBILEdit, pada Instagram untuk video dan file yang telah dihapus tidak ditemukan, sedangkan pada WhatsApp hanya ditemukan file storage-nya. Kata Kunci : cyberbullying, instagram, whatsApp, NIJ, digital forensic. ------------------- The negative impact of advances in information and communication technology which is increasing this year is the emergence of the Cyberbullying phenomenon. Anti-bullying charity, Ditch The Label in its survey "The Annual Bullying Survey 2017", noted that more young people experience cyberbullying on Instagram than on other platforms at 42 percent, with Facebook following behind with 37 percent. Snapchat ranked third with 31 percent, while WhatsApp (12 percent), Youtube (10 percent), Twitter (9 percent), and Tumblr (2 percent) reported cyberbullying. The criminal behavior committed by cyberbullying perpetrators will certainly leave the evidence in the form of digital evidence of conversations about crimes committed by perpetrators and victims. Therefore, it is necessary to have digital forensic techniques to search for valid digital evidence. In this study, researchers created scenarios of cyberbullying cases on Instagram and Whatsapp applications via cell phones. This study aims to find out how to carry out forensic analysis using the NIJ method and find out the results of analysis from the forensic applications MOBILedit, Autopsy, and FTK Imager in searching for digital evidence of cyberbullying on the Instagram and Whatsapp applications. The results showed that digital evidence was found in almost all of the data according to the scenario using the Autopsy and FTK Imager applications, using a physical image obtained from the MOBILedit extract in a rooted cellphone. However, the FTK imager must know the location first so that it is easier to find data. Data results from the MOBILedit application, on Instagram for deleted videos and files were not found, while on WhatsApp only storage files were found. Keywords: cyberbullying, instagram, whatsapp, NIJ, digital forensics.
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Almutairi, Ahmed, Behzad Shoarian Satari, Carlos Rivas, Cristian Florin Stanciu, Mozhdeh Yamani, Zahra Zohoorsaadat y Serguei A. Mokhov. "Evaluation of Autopsy and Volatility for Cybercrime Investigation". International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics 12, n.º 1 (enero de 2020): 58–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdcf.2020010104.
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In this article, the authors successfully created two new plugins one for Autopsy Forensic Tool, and the other for Volatility Framework. Both plugins are useful for encoding digital evidences in Forensic Lucid which is the goal of this work. The first plugin was integrated in Autopsy to generate a report for the case of a Brute Force Authentication attack by looking for evidence in server logs based on a key search. On the other hand, the second plugin named ForensicLucidDeviceTree aims to find whether a device stack has been infected by a root-kit or not expression is implied by the previous statement. The results of both plugins are shown in Forensic Lucid Format and were successfully compiled using GIPC compiler.
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M. Acevedo, Matthew. "4. The Autopsy of Quality in Online Higher Education". Philosophy and Theory in Higher Education 1, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2019): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/ptihe.2019.02.04.
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Abstract The purpose of this essay is to critically and philosophically explore the role of and impetus for quality assurance regimes in online education and their most salient manifestation, the Quality Matters program. The author argues that online courses are particularly vulnerable to autopsic quality examinations under neoliberal rationality as a result of their corporeal, digital nature. This essay will also consider the implications for faculty and others who must abide by and perform quality in online higher education and will consider ways in which those facing the incursion of quality assurance in online education can resist its threats and coercions, leveraging the promise of the liberatory aspects of distance education.
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Rojo, Marcial García, Christel Daniel y Thomas Schrader. "Standardization Efforts of Digital Pathology in Europe". Analytical Cellular Pathology 35, n.º 1 (2012): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/858573.
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Background: EURO-TELEPATH is a European COST Action IC0604. It started in 2007 and will end in November 2011. Its main objectives are evaluating and validating the common technological framework and communication standards required to access, transmit, and manage digital medical records by pathologists and other medical specialties in a networked environment.Business Modelling: Working Group 1, “Business Modelling in Pathology,” has designed main pathology processes – Frozen Study, Formalin Fixed Specimen Study, Telepathology, Cytology, and Autopsy – using Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN).Informatics Standards in Pathology: Working Group 2 has been dedicated to promoting the application of informatics standards in pathology, collaborating with Integrating Healthcare Enterprise (IHE), Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), Health Level Seven (HL7), and other standardization bodies.Conclusion: Health terminology standardization research has become a topic of great interest. Future research work should focus on standardizing automatic image analysis and tissue microarrays imaging.
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Vinoth. "Technical note integrated digital incident report encompassing crime scene visualisation Non-Invasive autopsy". International Journal of Medical Toxicology & Legal Medicine 21, n.º 3and4 (2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4614.2018.00067.0.
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Burton, Julian Lindsay y Panagiota Kitsanta. "Daily application of post-mortem computed tomography digital autopsy in a public mortuary". Diagnostic Histopathology 26, n.º 8 (agosto de 2020): 358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpdhp.2020.05.004.
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Kandel, Jwala y Dikshanta Pokharel. "Mean Brain Weight among Autopsy Cases at the Department of Forensic Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study". Journal of Nepal Medical Association 60, n.º 247 (11 de marzo de 2022): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7162.
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Introduction: Weight of the brain is an important diagnostic criterion during autopsy. Normal variations in brain weight among various population demands for population-specific study. The aim of this study was to find the mean brain weight among autopsy cases at a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among autopsy cases in the Department of Forensic Medicine of a tertiary care hospital from July 2019 to July 2021. The approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 550/2019). Convenience sampling was done. Brain was dissected following standard autopsy technique and weight was measured by an electronic digital weighing scale (5 kg/0.01 gm). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval and descriptive statistics were used to express results in frequency, mean, standard deviation, range, and percentage. Results: The mean brain weight for 394 autopsy cases was 1272.38±144.07 grams (1258.15-1286.60 at 95% Confidence Interval). For male and female it was 1322.47±140.22 grams and 1221.27±129.55 grams respectively. Maximum attainment of brain weight was found at 21 to 30 years age group for both sexes. Out of 394 cases, 199 (50.50%) were males and 195 (49.50%) were females. In all the age groups, male brain weight was greater than that of female. Conclusions: The mean weight of the brain derived from the present study is found to have variable values in comparison to other studies done under similar settings.
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Shi, S., K. Chen, X. Ge y B. Ni. "Lessons from the Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Vertebral Arterial Dissection". Interventional Neuroradiology 15, n.º 2 (junio de 2009): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/159101990901500211.
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A 36-year-old man presented a sudden left occipital headache and right limb weakness after tooth-brushing. Conventional catheter digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed a left VA occlusion at the crotch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Four days later, the patient got worse. The angiogram showed the left vertebral artery had reopened and the basilar trunk occluded above the AICA. He died two days later and autopsy demonstrated a dissection of the basilar arteries. Based on the autopsy data from the patient in this study, we suggest that the BA dissection might be due to left VA dissection, and placing a stent on the juncture between the uninjured VA and the basilar trunk might be an effective method to prevent fatal BA occlusion.
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Altheyabi, Jasir Adel. "The Digital Forensic Tools Accuracy and Specifications". Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing 3, n.º 35 (5 de marzo de 2022): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52132/ajrsp.e.2022.35.3.
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The research aims to provide an overview of computer forensics, the history of computer forensics tools, and the accuracy and specifications of these tools. With the great and accelerating technological development, the reliance on the Internet has become greater and stronger than before. The world has become dependent on technology in all production and economic operations. And we talked in the second axis of the search for The Computer Forensic Legal Requirement, and Presentation of the tools used in the criminal investigation and an explanation of each tool. The digital forensic investigation tools that we will explain in this research are FTK. Forensic Toolkit, Prodiscovery, Autopsy, p2commander, OSForensics. We conclude that digital investigation tools have outstanding performance on different mediums. It has high accuracy and efficiency in digital investigation, and no single tool is superior to some other tools in all media. With more than one tool on a range of devices, it improves the investigation and testimony capabilities of examinees during exploration.
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Thanekar, Sachin Arun, K. Subrahmanyam y A. B. Bagwan. "A Study on Digital Forensics in Hadoop". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 4, n.º 2 (1 de noviembre de 2016): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i2.pp473-478.
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<p>Nowadays we all are surrounded by Big data. The term ‘Big Data’ itself indicates huge volume, high velocity, variety and veracity i.e. uncertainty of data which gave rise to new difficulties and challenges. Hadoop is a framework which can be used for tremendous data storage and faster processing. It is freely available, easy to use and implement. Big data forensic is one of the challenges of big data. For this it is very important to know the internal details of the Hadoop. Different files are generated by Hadoop during its process. Same can be used for forensics. In our paper our focus is on digital forensics and different files generated during different processes. We have given the short description on different files generated in Hadoop. With the help of an open source tool ‘Autopsy’ we demonstrated that how we can perform digital forensics using automated tool and thus big data forensics can be done efficiently.</p>
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Ferreira, Sara, Mário Antunes y Manuel E. Correia. "Exposing Manipulated Photos and Videos in Digital Forensics Analysis". Journal of Imaging 7, n.º 7 (24 de junio de 2021): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7070102.
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Tampered multimedia content is being increasingly used in a broad range of cybercrime activities. The spread of fake news, misinformation, digital kidnapping, and ransomware-related crimes are amongst the most recurrent crimes in which manipulated digital photos and videos are the perpetrating and disseminating medium. Criminal investigation has been challenged in applying machine learning techniques to automatically distinguish between fake and genuine seized photos and videos. Despite the pertinent need for manual validation, easy-to-use platforms for digital forensics are essential to automate and facilitate the detection of tampered content and to help criminal investigators with their work. This paper presents a machine learning Support Vector Machines (SVM) based method to distinguish between genuine and fake multimedia files, namely digital photos and videos, which may indicate the presence of deepfake content. The method was implemented in Python and integrated as new modules in the widely used digital forensics application Autopsy. The implemented approach extracts a set of simple features resulting from the application of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) to digital photos and video frames. The model was evaluated with a large dataset of classified multimedia files containing both legitimate and fake photos and frames extracted from videos. Regarding deepfake detection in videos, the Celeb-DFv1 dataset was used, featuring 590 original videos collected from YouTube, and covering different subjects. The results obtained with the 5-fold cross-validation outperformed those SVM-based methods documented in the literature, by achieving an average F1-score of 99.53%, 79.55%, and 89.10%, respectively for photos, videos, and a mixture of both types of content. A benchmark with state-of-the-art methods was also done, by comparing the proposed SVM method with deep learning approaches, namely Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Despite CNN having outperformed the proposed DFT-SVM compound method, the competitiveness of the results attained by DFT-SVM and the substantially reduced processing time make it appropriate to be implemented and embedded into Autopsy modules, by predicting the level of fakeness calculated for each analyzed multimedia file.
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Roden, Anja C., Julie A. Vrana, Justin W. Koepplin, Angela E. Hudson, Andrew P. Norgan, Garrett Jenkinson, Satoko Yamaoka et al. "Comparison of In Situ Hybridization, Immunohistochemistry, and Reverse Transcription–Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Testing in Tissue". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 145, n.º 7 (15 de marzo de 2021): 785–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2021-0008-sa.
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Context.— Small case series have evaluated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and/or RNA in situ hybridization (RNAish). Objective.— To compare droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, IHC, and RNAish to detect SARS-CoV-2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue in a large series of lung specimens from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Design.— Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction and RNAish used commercially available probes; IHC used clone 1A9. Twenty-six autopsies of COVID-19 patients with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 62 lung specimens, 22 heart specimens, 2 brain specimens, and 1 liver, and 1 umbilical cord were included. Control cases included 9 autopsy lungs from patients with other infections/inflammation and virus-infected tissue or cell lines. Results.— Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction had the highest sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 (96%) when compared with IHC (31%) and RNAish (36%). All 3 tests had a specificity of 100%. Agreement between droplet digital polymerase chain reaction and IHC or RNAish was fair (κ = 0.23 and κ = 0.35, respectively). Agreement between IHC and in situ hybridization was substantial (κ = 0.75). Interobserver reliability was almost perfect for IHC (κ = 0.91) and fair to moderate for RNAish (κ = 0.38–0.59). Lung tissues from patients who died earlier after onset of symptoms revealed higher copy numbers by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (P = .03, Pearson correlation = −0.65) and were more likely to be positive by RNAish (P = .02) than lungs from patients who died later. We identified SARS-CoV-2 in hyaline membranes, in pneumocytes, and rarely in respiratory epithelium. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction showed low copy numbers in 7 autopsy hearts from ProteoGenex Inc. All other extrapulmonary tissues were negative. Conclusions.— Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction was the most sensitive and highly specific test to identify SARS-CoV-2 in lung specimens from COVID-19 patients.
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Dube, Gugulethu y Brian Chanda Chiluba. "Burden of Silicosis in the South African Mining Sector and its Effects on Migrant Labor from Neighboring Countries". Journal of Preventive and Rehabilitative Medicine 3, n.º 1 (10 de enero de 2021): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21617/jprm2021.316.
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Background: Among other minerals, South Africa has an abundance of asbestos and crystalline silica. Due to dust particles from these minerals, exposure causes respiratory diseases in particular silicosis. Most researches on silicosis have largely been of a cross sectional nature with no or limited long-term patterns reported.Objective:This review aims to analyse silicosis patterns in the gold, diamond and platinum workers over a period of 30 years, and to investigate possible causative factors for mining sector employees leading to them developing respiratory diseases associated with silica.Methods:This review article is a product of analysis of published reports and studies from South Africa published in the last decades. The EliScholar digital platform and Google scholar were used, and the focus publications were those that related to “silicosis”, “migrant workers”, silica dust” and autopsy. The review also allowed articles that were generalized, not merely focusing on one mineral. Autopsy reports obtained from the National Institute for Occupational Health database on miners were used for three sub-studies that are the subject of this review.Conclusion:The silicosis trends in miners at autopsy show a clear system failure by the mining sector in controlling and managing occupational respiratory diseases
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Riadi, Imam, Anton Yudhana y Mushab Al Barra. "Forensik Mobile pada Layanan Media Sosial LinkedIn". JISKA (Jurnal Informatika Sunan Kalijaga) 6, n.º 1 (20 de enero de 2021): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jiska.2021.61-02.
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The research explores mobile forensic on LinkedIn social media. Forensic mobile finds digital evidence of job hoax cases in LinkedIn, investigation using the NIST (National Institute of Standard and Technology) method. Data collection techniques using Andriller tools in investigations. Data examination using tools Root Browser, Autopsy in the forensic process. data analysis using tools MOBILedit in the forensic process. The investigation found digital evidence of log activity, a status update on LinkedIn. Other results found in the investigation are 17 WiFi password, 117 download history, 263 phone calls, 1 file deleted, 1 file hidden, and 1 file raised, the research has reached the expected target.
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Qibriya, Maghvirna Rafika Dhewi, Awalludiyah Ambarwati y Kunto Eko Susilo. "Analisis Forensik Digital Pada Aplikasi Instant Messaging Di Smartphone Berbasis Android Untuk Bukti Digital". Jurnal Teknologi Informasi 5, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36294/jurti.v5i2.2200.
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Digital forensik merupakan pengembangan dari ilmu forensik yang khusus digunakan untuk mengungkap suatu kasus kejahatan berbasis digital termasuk kasus cyber crime (kejahatan siber). Akvititas kriminal di dunia siber yang cukup meresahkan banyak pihak adalah kasus penipuan yang dilancarkan melalui aplikasi instant messenger (pesan instan). Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan analisa kasus cyber crime pada aplikasi WhatsApp messenger dan Telegram messenger yang dioperasikan pada prangkat mobile dengan sistem operasi android menggunakan guideline dari National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SP 80-100 Rev. 1. Dilakukan sebuah eksperimen dengan variasi skenario penggunaan normal tanpa ada modifikasi apapun dan melakukan penghapusan pada beberapa pesan sebagai indikasi tindakan anti forensik. Data dari setiap eksperimen akan diakuisisi menggunakan tools MOBILedit Forensic Express dan dianalisis dengan tools FTK Imager dan Autopsy. Berdasarkan dari hasil analisa pada kedua aplikasi instant messenger, hanya aplikasi WhatsApp messenger yang dapat memberikan bukti digital yang valid. Karakteristik bukti digital dari WhatsApp berdasarkan dengan struktur pesan adalah key_remote_jid, key_id, data, timestamp, dan received_timestamp. Sedangkan untuk Telegram messenger tidak dapat memberikan bukti digital lantaran tidak ditemukannya data penting pada seluruh direktori aplikasi ini. Dari sisi keamaan data aplikasi WhatsApp messenger memiliki tingkat kerentanan lebih tinggi karena kemudahan dalam melakukan praktik forensik, Sedangkan untuk tingkat keamanan pada aplikasi Telegram messenger dinilai lebih unggul karena tidak banyak data penting yang bisa didapat dan dianalisis. Tingkat sekuritas yang tinggi juga berakibat pada rumitnya tindakan forensik dalam pengungkapan sebuah kasus kejahatan.
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Domingues, Patrício, Luís Andrade y Miguel Frade. "A Digital Forensic View of Windows 10 Notifications". Forensic Sciences 2, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2022): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2010007.
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Windows Push Notifications (WPN) is a relevant part of Windows 10 interaction with the user. It is comprised of badges, tiles and toasts. Important and meaningful data can be conveyed by notifications, namely by so-called toasts that can popup with information regarding a new incoming email or a recent message from a social network. In this paper, we analyze the Windows 10 Notification systems from a digital forensic perspective, focusing on the main forensic artifacts conveyed by WPN. We also briefly analyze Windows 11 first release’s WPN system, observing that internal data structures are practically identical to Windows 10. We provide an open source Python 3 command line application to parse and extract data from the Windows Push Notification SQLite3 database, and a Jython module that allows the well-known Autopsy digital forensic software to interact with the application and thus to also parse and process Windows Push Notifications forensic artifacts. From our study, we observe that forensic data provided by WPN are scarce, although they still need to be considered, namely if traditional Windows forensic artifacts are not available. Furthermore, toasts are clearly WPN’s most relevant source of forensic data.
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Cooley, Alison E. "Monumental Latin Inscriptions from Roman Britain in the Ashmolean Museum Collection". Britannia 49 (18 de junio de 2018): 225–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x18000260.
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AbstractThis article presents some of the results of the Ashmolean Latin Inscriptions Project (funded by the AHRC 2013–2017), with new editions and commentaries on inscriptions from Roman Britain in the Ashmolean Museum. It offers an evaluation of these inscriptions based upon autopsy and digital imaging (Reflectance Transformation Imaging), and includes new photographs of them. It offers insights into the culture and society of Roman Britain as well as into the changing attitudes towards Romano-British antiquities in modern Britain from the 1600s onwards.
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Sunardi, Imam Riadi y Muh. Hajar Akbar. "Application of Static Forensics Method for Extracting Steganographic Files on Digital Evidence Using the DFRWS Framework". Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 4, n.º 3 (20 de junio de 2020): 576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v4i3.1906.
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Steganography is one of the anti-forensic techniques that allow criminals to hide information in other messages so that during the investigation, the investigator will experience problems and difficulty in getting evidence of original information on the crime. Therefore an investigator is required to have the ability to be able to find and extract (decoding) using the right tools when opening messages that have been inserted by steganography techniques. The purpose of this study is to analyze digital evidence using the static forensics method by applying the six stages to the Digital Forensics Research Workshop (DFRWS) framework and extracting steganography on files that have been compromised based on case scenarios involving digital crime. The tools used are FTK Imager, Autopsy, WinHex, Hiderman, and StegSpy. The results of extraction of 9 out of 10 files that were scanned by steganography files had 90% success and 10% of steganography files were not found, so it can be concluded that the extraction files in steganographic messages can be used as legal digital proofs according to law.
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Hanna, Matthew G., Ishtiaque Ahmed, Jeffrey Nine, Shyam Prajapati y Liron Pantanowitz. "Augmented Reality Technology Using Microsoft HoloLens in Anatomic Pathology". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 142, n.º 5 (31 de enero de 2018): 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2017-0189-oa.
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Context Augmented reality (AR) devices such as the Microsoft HoloLens have not been well used in the medical field. Objective To test the HoloLens for clinical and nonclinical applications in pathology. Design A Microsoft HoloLens was tested for virtual annotation during autopsy, viewing 3D gross and microscopic pathology specimens, navigating whole slide images, telepathology, as well as real-time pathology-radiology correlation. Results Pathology residents performing an autopsy wearing the HoloLens were remotely instructed with real-time diagrams, annotations, and voice instruction. 3D-scanned gross pathology specimens could be viewed as holograms and easily manipulated. Telepathology was supported during gross examination and at the time of intraoperative consultation, allowing users to remotely access a pathologist for guidance and to virtually annotate areas of interest on specimens in real-time. The HoloLens permitted radiographs to be coregistered on gross specimens and thereby enhanced locating important pathologic findings. The HoloLens also allowed easy viewing and navigation of whole slide images, using an AR workstation, including multiple coregistered tissue sections facilitating volumetric pathology evaluation. Conclusions The HoloLens is a novel AR tool with multiple clinical and nonclinical applications in pathology. The device was comfortable to wear, easy to use, provided sufficient computing power, and supported high-resolution imaging. It was useful for autopsy, gross and microscopic examination, and ideally suited for digital pathology. Unique applications include remote supervision and annotation, 3D image viewing and manipulation, telepathology in a mixed-reality environment, and real-time pathology-radiology correlation.
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Ghuman, Mandeep, Vivek Gupta, Shankhneel Singh, S. Dhandapani y N. Khandelwal. "Left Common Carotid Artery Agenesis with Hypoplastic Left Internal Carotid Artery Originating from the Aortic Arch: A Rare Anomaly Presenting with Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage". Journal of Clinical Interventional Radiology ISVIR 01, n.º 01 (abril de 2017): 049–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597952.
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AbstractMost arch anomalies are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on imaging or on autopsy. Occasionally, such anomalies can manifest clinically when associated with another vascular pathology such as an intracranial aneurysm. In this report, we describe a rare case of agenesis of the left common carotid artery with separate origin of the left internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery from the arch discovered on digital subtraction angiography performed during the evaluation of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Knowledge of such anomalies and radiographic appearance is essential for interventional neuroradiologist in planning treatment of such cases.
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Bulfamante, Gaetano Pietro, Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci, Monica Falleni, Elena Sommariva, Delfina Tosi, Carla Martinelli, Paola Songia, Paolo Poggio, Stefano Carugo y Giulio Pompilio. "Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Transcriptional Activity in Cardiomyocytes of COVID-19 Patients without Clinical Signs of Cardiac Involvement". Biomedicines 8, n.º 12 (18 de diciembre de 2020): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8120626.
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Aims: A considerable proportion of patients affected by coronavirus respiratory disease (COVID-19) develop cardiac injury. The viral impact in cardiomyocytes deserves, however, further investigations, especially in asymptomatic patients. Methods: We investigated for SARS-CoV-2 presence and activity in heart tissues of six consecutive COVID-19 patients deceased from respiratory failure showing no signs of cardiac involvement and with no history of heart disease. Cardiac autopsy samples were collected within 2 h after death, and then analysed by digital PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RNAScope, and transmission electron microscopy assays. Results: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 into cardiomyocytes was invariably detected in all assays. A variable pattern of cardiomyocyte injury was observed, spanning from absence of cell death and subcellular alterations hallmarks, to intracellular oedema and sarcomere ruptures. In addition, we found active viral transcription in cardiomyocytes, by detecting both sense and antisense SARS-CoV-2 spike RNA. Conclusions: In this autopsy analysis of patients with no clinical signs of cardiac involvement, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in cardiomyocytes has been detected, determining variable patterns of intracellular damage. These findings suggest the need for cardiologic surveillance in surviving COVID-19 patients not displaying a cardiac phenotype.
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Keim, Yansi, Yung Han Yoon y Umit Karabiyik. "Digital Forensics Analysis of Ubuntu Touch on PinePhone". Electronics 10, n.º 3 (1 de febrero de 2021): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030343.
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New smartphones made by small companies enter the technology market everyday. These new devices introduce new challenges for mobile forensic investigators as these devices end up becoming pertinent evidence during an investigation. One such device is the PinePhone from Pine Microsystems (Pine64). These new devices are sometimes also shipped with OSes that are developed by open source communities and are otherwise never seen by investigators. Ubuntu Touch is one of these OSes and is currently being developed for deployment on the PinePhone. There is little research behind both the device and OS on what methodology an investigator should follow to reliably and accurately extract data. This results in potentially flawed methodologies being used before any testing can occur and contributes to the backlog of devices that need to be processed. Therefore, in this paper, the first forensic analysis of the PinePhone device with Ubuntu Touch OS is performed using Autopsy, an open source tool, to establish a framework that can be used to examine and analyze devices running the Ubuntu Touch OS. The findings include analysis of artifacts that could impact user privacy and data security, organization structure of file storage, app storage, OS, etc. Moreover, locations within the device that stores call logs, SMS messages, images, and videos are reported. Interesting findings include forensic artifacts, which could be useful to investigators in understanding user activity and attribution. This research will provide a roadmap to the digital forensic investigators to efficiently and effectively conduct their investigations where they have Ubuntu Touch OS and/or PinePhone as the evidence source.
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Zohora, Fatema, Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi, Dilruba Siddiqua, Hasna Hena, Hosna Ara Perven y Shamim Ara. "Weight of the Human Kidney A Study on 70 Autopsy Cases". Delta Medical College Journal 4, n.º 1 (7 de mayo de 2016): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v4i1.27629.
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Background: Variations in weight of the kidney in different populations and in different age groups are evident.Objective: The aim of the present study was to find out age related changes in weight of the kidney in a Bangladeshi population and compare with previous local and foreign studies.Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2008 to June 2009, based on collection of 140 post mortem human kidneys collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine of same institute. All the samples were divided into three different age groups - A (10-19 years), B (20-39 years) and C (40-59 years), and the weight of each kidney was measured by using a digital balance and recorded.Results: The weight of the right and left kidneys were found 86.18±0.32 gm and 86.10±0.10 gm in group A, 102.25±7.64 gm and 101.96±7.27 gm in group B, 95.59±0.75 gm and 95.19±1.24 gm in group C respectively. No difference was found between the right and left kidneys in any group. However, statistically significant differences were evident among age groups.Conclusion: The weight of the kidney was found to increase up to 4th decade of life and then declined with further advancing age.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2016 4(1): 31-34
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Giuffrida, Dario, Viviana Mollica Nardo, Fausta Giacobello, Oreste Adinolfi, Maria Amalia Mastelloni, Giovanna Toscano y Rosina Celeste Ponterio. "Combined 3D Surveying and Raman Spectroscopy Techniques on Artifacts Preserved at Archaeological Museum of Lipari". Heritage 2, n.º 3 (18 de julio de 2019): 2017–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2030121.
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Over the last years, the documentation of Heritage has been increasingly enriched with new forms of data representation and contents deriving from technological applications on artifacts and the progress of computer graphics: if, on the one hand, 3D survey has become an effective tool supplementing and supporting traditional study activities, as it can generate accurate and high-resolution digital models (available especially when physical access to materials is not possible, but also for enhancement or to formulate hypothetic reconstruction), on the other, archaeometry investigations can provide all that information (about composition, firing temperature of clay, etc.) that autopsy, comparison, formal, contextual, or bibliographic analysis cannot do on their own.
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Lowman, Allison, Samuel Bobholz, Jennifer Marie Connelly, Elizabeth Cochran, Wade Mueller, Michael Brehler, Fitzgerald Kyereme, John Sherman, Savannah Duenweg y Peter S. LaViolette. "Measurement of treatment dependent glioblastoma cell density in T1- weighted contrast enhancement at autopsy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2021): e14035-e14035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e14035.
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e14035 Background: With an average overall survival of 12-18 months, glioblastoma has a particularly grim diagnosis. Standard treatment of glioblastoma, following detection on MRI, is surgical resection followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy and is monitored through MR imaging. Glioblastoma has a unique heterogenous nature that complicates visualization of subtly enhancing tumor. This study used autopsy tissue samples taken from glioblastoma patients with varying treatment, to examine the effects of treatment on cell density within regions of contrast enhancement, using T1-weighted subtraction maps (T1S) from the last MR images to death. Methods: Eight patients diagnosed with glioblastoma at autopsy were recruited for this study. Two patients had no treatment and six received a combination of chemo-radiation and other treatments, including but not limited to bevacizumab (Bev) and TTFields therapy. At autopsy, whole brain samples were sliced axially aligned to the patient’s final MRI to death. Time between last MRI and death ranged from 4-27 days (mean 16 days). Overall survival (OS) ranged from 4-538 days (mean 307 days). Large tissue samples were taken from regions of suspected tumor or treatment effect, for a total of 18 tissue samples. Tissue samples were processed, H&E stained, and digitized at 40X resolution (Huron Slide Scanner). Cell density (cells/mm2) was calculated using digital histology. T1S were created for each patient by subtracting intensity normalized T1 weighted images from T1 post contrast images (T1C). Digital histology was aligned and resampled into MRI space using manual control point registration. Mixed effect models were used to compare differences in cell density across contrast enhancement (T1SE vs. NE) as well as across treatment groups (treatment vs. no treatment). Results: Cellularity was compared across regions of T1S enhancement (T1SE) and non-enhancement (NE) within manually selected regions of interest. Cell density compared between regions of T1SE and NE was not different (p=0.219). Total cell density was increased in patients who had received treatment compared to no treatment in both regions of T1SE and NE (p=0.014). Conclusions: Overall, cell density was increased in patients who had received treatment after diagnosis of glioblastoma. Additional research is needed to examine the extent of treatment’s effect on cellularity of glioblastoma. This work begins to characterize the use of T1S in evaluating glioblastoma tumor burden in patients with varying treatment histories.[Table: see text]
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Campbell, JA, DS Sanders, C. Howard, J. Hampton y AD Hopper. "PWE-156 What is The Prevalence of Chronic Pancreatitis at Post Mortem? A Novel Approach Using “Digital Autopsy”". Gut 65, Suppl 1 (junio de 2016): A214.2—A215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312388.400.
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Ramadhan, Rizdqi Akbar y Desti Mualfah. "Implementasi Metode National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Pada Fitur TRIM SOLID STATE DRIVE (SSD) Dengan Objek Eksperimental Sistem Operasi Windows, Linux dan Macintosh". IT Journal Research and Development 5, n.º 2 (17 de noviembre de 2020): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/itjrd.2021.vol5(2).5750.
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Solid State Drive (SSD) merupakan solusi terkni untuk mempercepat pemrosesan data dari berbagai komputer desktop yang bersifat multiplatform. Fitur TRIM yang ada pada SSD berguna untuk menghilangkan garbage data yang dihapus permanen oleh user, dimana metode ini memiliki benefit untuk memperpanjang usia pakai dari perangkat SSD. Kontradiksi dari penggunaan metode ini adalah sulitnya bagi investigator forensik untuk melakukan recovery data yang telah terhapus apabila terjadi praktek cyber crime dalam kasus barang bukti berupa komputer dengan storage SSD. Objek eksperimen dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan perspektif sistem operasi mainstream yaitu Windows, Linux dan Macintosh yang terinstall pada SSD dimana pada masing-masing sistem operasi dilakukan simulasi penghapusan data yang tersimpan dengan perbandingan konfigurasi TRIM enable dan TRIM disable. Metode Digital Forensik yang diimplementasikan pada hal ini adalah National Intitute of Justice (NIJ) dimana metode ini berlaku sebagai acuan dalam praktek Digital Forensik pada penelitian ini. Perangkat lunak SLEUTH KIT Autopsy merupakan perangkat Digital Forensik yang digunakan dalam perspektif investigator dalam akusisi dan analisis barang bukti SSD pada simulasi kasus penelitian ini. Novelti yang didapatkan pada konten penelitian adalah sistem operasi yang menjadi objek eksperimen merupakan sistem operasi Windows, Linux, dan Macintosh rilis terkini yang tentunya memiliki potensi yang besar dalam hal eksplorasi, khususnya Digital Forensik. Windows memiliki peluang hasil recovery paling besar diantara 2 sistem operasi lainnya dalam penelitian ini.
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Sarjimin, Herman y Anton Yudhana. "Perbandingan Tool Forensik pada Mozilla Firefox Private Mode Menggunakan Metode NIST". Jurnal Algoritma 18, n.º 1 (26 de noviembre de 2021): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33364/algoritma/v.18-1.873.
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Penggunaan System Operasi Linux yang didistribusikan secara open source menjadikannya operating system yang dapat didistribusikan secara masif oleh banyak perusahaan. PC/Notebook maupun perangkat pintar yang berbasiskan Linux semakin diminati oleh user karena dalam proses distribusinya tidak dipungut biaya apapun. Memberikan layanan browsing internet kepada para user secara privat dan tidak meninggalkan jejak digital merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh web browser sebagai upaya invovasi web browser mendapatkan pengguna layanan sebanyak-banyaknya. Metode investigasi forensic web browser private mode menjadi hal yang perlu guna menjadi acuan dalam melakukan forensic terhadap kasus/kejadian kejahatan yang melibatkan layanan browsing secara privat. Ada banyak tools yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk melakukan live forensics dan analisis data. Penelitian ini berhasil mengungkap bahwa layanan browsing secara privat yang disediakan oleh Mozilla Firefox nyata-nyata tidak privat secara menyeluruh. Artefak digital masih dapat ditemukan dalam RAM dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan berbagai macam tools untuk forensic, tools Autopsy berhasil mendapatkan data log browser sebesar 83%. Hasil artefak investigasi tersebut dapat menjadi acuan permulaan para investigator dalam penegakan hukum untuk mencari tersangka lain dan mendalami sebuah kasus yang melibatkan banyak pihak.
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Yuwono, Doddy Teguh, Abdul Fadlil y Sunardi Sunardi. "Performance Comparison of Forensic Software for Carving Files using NIST Method". Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 7, n.º 3 (31 de julio de 2019): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.7.3.2019.89-92.
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Data lost due to the fast format or system crash will remain in the media sector of storage. Digital forensics needs proof and techniques for retrieving data lost in storage. This research studied the performance comparison of open-source forensic software for data retrieval, namely Scalpel, Foremost, and Autopsy, using the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) forensic method. The testing process was carried out using the file carving technique. The carving file results are analyzed based on the success rate (accuracy) of the forensic tools used in returning the data. Scalpel performed the highest accuracy for file carving of 100% success rate for 20 document files in pdf and Docx format, and 90% for 10 image files in png and jpeg format.
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Hejna, P., M. Janik y P. Urbanova. "Tethered digital photography with built in Wi-Fi memory cards brings benefits to the environment of an autopsy room". Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine 23, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2015): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4323/rjlm.2015.293.
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Gheban, Bogdan-Alexandru, Horațiu Alexandru Colosi, Ioana-Andreea Gheban-Rosca, Bogdan Pop, Ana-Maria Teodora Domșa, Carmen Georgiu, Dan Gheban, Doinița Crișan y Maria Crișan. "Age-Related Changes of the Pineal Gland in Humans: A Digital Anatomo-Histological Morphometric Study on Autopsy Cases with Comparison to Predigital-Era Studies". Medicina 57, n.º 4 (15 de abril de 2021): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040383.
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Background and objectives: The pineal gland is a photoneuroendocrine organ in the midline of the brain, responsible primarily for melatonin synthesis. It is composed mainly of pinealocytes and glial tissue. This study examined human postmortem pineal glands to microscopically assess age-related changes using digital techniques, and offers a perspective on evolutionary tendencies compared to the past. Materials and Methods: A retrospective autopsy study has been performed on 72 pediatric and adult autopsy cases. The glands have been processed for histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Slides were assessed under polarized light and digitally scanned. Morphometric data were obtained using CaseViewer and ImageJ. Results: Thirty-three females and 39 males were included in the study, grouped under three age groups: 0–25, 46–65, and 66–96 years of age. The peak gland volume was found within the 46–65 age group, the overall mean volume was 519 mm3, the main architectural types were lobular and insular, and the mean percentage of pineal calcification was 15% of the gland, peaking within the 66–96 age group, with a predominantly globular shape. Glial cysts were found in 20.8% of cases. The intensity of GFAP stain was maximal in the pediatric age group, but the extent of glial tissue was much larger in elderly patients. Discussion: The degenerative process of the pineal gland can be quantified by measuring normal parenchyma, calcifications, glial tissue, and glial cysts. Morphometric differences have been observed and compared to a similar studies performed in the published literature. The current study, unfortunately, lacks a 26–45 age group. Digital techniques seemed to offer a more exact analysis, but returned similar results to studies performed over 40 years ago, therefore offering important information on evolutionary tendencies. Conclusions: Increase in glial tissue, calcifications, and glial cysts have a defining role as age-related changes in the pineal gland.
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Putrino, Alessandra, Valerio Bruti, Marinelli Enrico, Ciallella Costantino, Barbato Ersilia y Galluccio Gabriella. "Intraoral Scanners in Personal Identification of Corpses: Usefulness and Reliability of 3D Technologies in Modern Forensic Dentistry". Open Dentistry Journal 14, n.º 1 (16 de junio de 2020): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210602014010255.
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Aims: This study aims to verify the applicability of modern dental technologies and their related principles of use to the forensic sciences in the field of personal identification. Background: Personal identification has always had a major role in many legal and administrative actions regarding both living and death beings. The techniques used are much less advanced than the technologies potentially available. Objective: Modern technologies, available to the daily dental clinic practice, as intraoral scanners, combined in particular to the specialist skill in orthodontics, can help redefine the methods of personal identification according to the levels of accuracy, trueness and feasibility greater than those applied in traditional forensic dentistry. Methods: 23 corpses (12F;11M) have been selected for intraoral scanning with the Carestream 3500® digital device. The superimposition of initial and late digital models, digital models and radiographs (orthopantomography and full mouth periapical films) has been evaluated to verify the stability of some structures as palatal rugae after death and to assess intraoral scanning as a successful comparative method between antemortem and post-mortem records (digital models or radiographs). Obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis by the t-student test and X-square test with Yates correction (p<0.05). Results: After death, palatal rugae significatively change especially in mouths with restorations/prosthesis/missing teeth. The percentages of correct matching between scans and radiographs are very higher (up 90%; p<0.05). Conclusion: This study has been set up to study and develop new, reliable and fast methods of personal identification that can surpass many of the issues seen with the other techniques by a modern rugoscopy, a modern radiographic-digital comparison and virtual oral autopsy.
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Putrino, Alessandra, Valerio Bruti, Marinelli Enrico, Ciallella Costantino, Barbato Ersilia y Galluccio Gabriella. "Intraoral Scanners in Personal Identification of Corpses: Usefulness and Reliability of 3D Technologies in Modern Forensic Dentistry". Open Dentistry Journal 14, n.º 1 (16 de junio de 2020): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210602014010305.
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Aims: This study aims to verify the applicability of modern dental technologies and their related principles of use to the forensic sciences in the field of personal identification. Background: Personal identification has always had a major role in many legal and administrative actions regarding both living and death beings. The techniques used are much less advanced than the technologies potentially available. Objective: Modern technologies, available to the daily dental clinic practice, as intraoral scanners, combined in particular to the specialist skill in orthodontics, can help redefine the methods of personal identification according to the levels of accuracy, trueness and feasibility greater than those applied in traditional forensic dentistry. Methods: 23 corpses (12F;11M) have been selected for intraoral scanning with the Carestream 3500® digital device. The superimposition of initial and late digital models, digital models and radiographs (orthopantomography and full mouth periapical films) has been evaluated to verify the stability of some structures as palatal rugae after death and to assess intraoral scanning as a successful comparative method between antemortem and post-mortem records (digital models or radiographs). Obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis by the t-student test and X-square test with Yates correction (p<0.05). Results: After death, palatal rugae significatively change especially in mouths with restorations/prosthesis/missing teeth. The percentages of correct matching between scans and radiographs are very higher (up 90%; p<0.05). Conclusion: This study has been set up to study and develop new, reliable and fast methods of personal identification that can surpass many of the issues seen with the other techniques by a modern rugoscopy, a modern radiographic-digital comparison and virtual oral autopsy.
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Shigeyasu, Masashi, Natsuhi Sasaki, Shogo Nishino y Nobuyuki Sakai. "Giant cell arteritis with simultaneous onset of multiple intracranial vascular occlusions: A case report". Surgical Neurology International 13 (20 de enero de 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_1001_2021.
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Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) causes severe stenosis or occlusion of the arteries but rarely affects the intracranial arteries. We report a rare case of GCA along with autopsy results. Case Description: A 69-year-old man developed gait disturbance due to vertebral artery (VA) occlusion. As is common in atherothrombotic stroke, dual antiplatelet therapy was administered. The patient’s symptoms improved temporarily. However, his symptoms relapsed and his consciousness was acutely disturbed. Digital subtraction angiography revealed an appearance of stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) C2 portion on the right side and decreased retrograde basilar artery (BA) blood flow through the right posterior communicating artery. Balloon angioplasty was performed, and BA blood flow increased. GCA was suspected, and a definitive diagnosis was made based on temporal artery biopsy findings. Steroid therapy was initiated but failed to control disease progression, and the patient died. The autopsy findings revealed GCA in the bilateral ICAs and VAs, and no signs of GCA were found in other intracranial arteries, despite occlusion on magnetic resonance angiography. Conclusion: GCA of the intracranial blood vessels is rare and might be more likely to occur in the ICAs and VAs than in other intracranial blood vessels. GCA of the intracranial blood vessels has a poor prognosis, and as such, if rapid changes are observed in the ICAs or VAs, GCA should be considered a part of the differential diagnosis and immediate treatment should be administered.
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Lopez, Ivan A., Gail Ishiyama, Dora Acuna y Akira Ishiyama. "Otopetrin-2 Immunolocalization in the Human Macula Utricle". Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 128, n.º 6_suppl (15 de mayo de 2019): 96S—102S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489419834952.
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Background: In the present study, we investigated the localization of otopetrin-2—a member of the otopetrin family that encodes proton-selective ion channels—in the human macula utricle using immunohistochemistry. Methods: Macula utricle were acquired at surgery from patients who required transmastoid labyrinthectomy for intractable vertigo due to Meniere’s disease (MD; n = 3) and/or vestibular drops attacks (VDA; n = 2) and from temporal bones (n = 2) acquired at autopsy from individuals with no balance disorders. Immunofluorescence staining with otopetrin-2 (rabbit affinity purified polyclonal antibody) and GFAP (mouse monoclonal antibody) to identify vestibular supporting cells was made in formalin fixed cryostat sections or whole microdissected utricle (for flat mount preparations). Secondary antibodies against rabbit and mouse were used for the identification of both proteins. Digital fluorescent images were obtained using a high-resolution laser confocal microscope. Results: Using cryostat sections and flat mount preparations otopetrin-2 immunofluorescence was seen as punctated signal throughout the supporting cells cytoplasm. GFAP immunofluorescence was present in the supporting cell cytoplasm. The distribution of otopetrin-2 was similar in the macula utricle obtained from MD, VDA, or autopsy normative patients. Conclusions: Otopetrin-2 was localized in supporting cells in a similar fashion that otopetrin-1 previously reported in the mouse macula utricle. The differential expression of otopetrin-2 in the supporting cells of the human macula utricle suggest an important role in the vestibular sensory periphery homeostasis and otolith maintenance.
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Fenton-Muir, Naomi, Kgahlego Kewana, Yenziwe Ngema, Linda Liebenberg y Tania S. Douglas. "Radiological findings at a South African forensic pathology laboratory in cases of sudden unexpected death in infants". South African Journal of Radiology 16, n.º 1 (7 de febrero de 2012): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v16i1.222.
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Objectives
The work serves as a preliminary evaluation of the utility of the full-body radiography in examining cases of SUDI.
Setting
This paper reviews findings from full-body digital radiography in cases of sudden unexpected death in infants (SUDI) in 2008 at the Salt River Forensic Pathology Laboratory in Cape Town.
Subjects
Cases of SUDI referred to the mortuary and undergoing full-body digital radiography were reviewed (192 cases).
Design
Imaging reports were cross-referenced with death registry data. Manner of death, cause of death, whether an autopsy had taken place, and radiological findings, were recorded and analysed.
Results
The absence of bony fractures was recorded as an imaging finding in 40% of cases. The most common type of imaging pathology was lung disease. In cases where autopsies were performed and pathology was found on imaging, the findings of the two methods of examination were consistent.
Conclusions
Imaging may have served to assist CoD determination based on case history, and therefore full-body radiography may improve the workflow in busy forensic pathology laboratories.
More detailed and consistent recording of imaging findings is required before stronger conclusions may be drawn regarding the utility of full body digital imaging of paediatric cases in forensic pathology laboratories.