Tesis sobre el tema "Diffusion acoustique par sphères"
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Galaz, Belfor. "Relation entre la structure et les propriétés acoustiques des agents de contraste ultrasonores et leur utilisation comme vecteur de médicaments". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066430.
Texto completoKhelil, Mohammed El Hocine. "Diffusion acoustique par des structures multicouches périodiques". Le Havre, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEHA0008.
Texto completoKheddioui, El m'kaddem. "Diffusion acoustique par deux tubes élastiques immergés". Le Havre, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LEHA0005.
Texto completoBrize-Tramoni, Laurence. "Diffusion acoustique par des coques sphériques à parois minces". Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22075.
Texto completoEudeline, Yannick. "Diffusion acoustique par des cibles limitées : traitement numérique des signaux". Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0005.
Texto completoChati, Farid. "Diffusion acoustique par des objets cylindriques comportant un matériau viscoélastique". Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0014.
Texto completoROSSI, JEAN-LOUIS. "Diffusion acoustique par deux cibles elastiques de forme geometrique spherique". Corte, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CORT3013.
Texto completoTouraine, Nicolas. "Diffusion acoustique par des coques cylindrico-hémisphériques immergées en incidence variable". Le Havre, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LEHA0003.
Texto completoCoatanhay, Arnaud. "Diffusion acoustique par un objet cylindrique à proximité d'une interface plane". Le Havre, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LEHA0006.
Texto completoPoulain, Cédric. "Turbulence dans l'espace de Fourier : mesures de vorticité par diffusion acoustique". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE10078.
Texto completoANTOINE, HELENE. "Detection basse frequence d'une cible par petits fonds marins". Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX22108.
Texto completoDecultot, Dominique. "Diffusion acoustique par des objets axi-symétriques immergés : cas des cylindres limités par des hémisphères". Le Havre, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LEHA0002.
Texto completoConoir, Jean-Marc. "Diffusion acoustique par un cylindre : théorie modale et approximation de l'acoustique géométrique". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066123.
Texto completoConoir, Jean-Marc. "Diffusion acoustique par un cylindre théorie modale et approximation de l'acoustique géométrique /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376040470.
Texto completoZalzali, Ibrahim. "Résolution numérique de systèmes hyperboliques non conservatifs et diffusion acoustique par une arête". Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10134.
Texto completoChiumia, Jeremiah Gibson. "Diffusion acoustique par des coques cylindriques et axisymétriques : influence d'une hétérogénéité d'épaisseur interne". Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0009.
Texto completoJANNIER, ANNE. "Diffusion acoustique par les cylindres : estimation analytique des resonances et mesure de dilatation". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077078.
Texto completoDanila, Emilian. "Théorie de la diffusion résonnante multicanaux : application à la diffusion acoustique par un tube élastique aux parois excentrées". Le Havre, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LEHA0006.
Texto completoLenoir, Olivier. "Diffusion acoustique impulsionelle par des multicouches planes immergées : problème inverse : détection des résonances en présence d'absorbants". Le Havre, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LEHA0003.
Texto completoLecroq, Florence. "Diffusion acoustique basse fréquence par des tubes limites immergés : nouvelles résonances liées à la longueur des tubes". Le Havre, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LEHA0002.
Texto completoVidal, Adrien. "Diffusion de son 3D par synthèse de champs acoustiques binauraux". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0031/document.
Texto completoThis work deals with the design of a 3D sound system involving a few number of loudspeaker and able to work inside any usual room, for reproducing binaural sounds. This system focuses on an accurate reproduction of perceived level and timbre, even before the sound spatialization. To ensure compatibility with binaural recordings and to achieve a system with a low number of loudspeakers, this work started from a transaural system. To avoid tone coloration induced by the listening room, the sound sources are placed close to the listener, thus maximizing the energy ratio between direct and diffuse fields. This has consequences on other aspects, four of which are considered separately: inter-individual morphological variations, demands on the electro-acoustic sources, room effect and misalignment of the listener. Some configurations have been evaluated in listening tests, and objective indicators are deduced from these results. The generalization allows to propose three configurations considered as optimal, and which might be combined
Léon, Fernand. "Diffusion acoustique par des tubes immergés en incidence oblique : ondes guidées : réémission aux extrêmités". Le Havre, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEHA0003.
Texto completoBaillard, André. "Influence de raidisseurs longitudinaux sur la diffusion acoustique par un tube : théorie et expérience". Le Havre, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LEHA0001.
Texto completoPicaut, Judicaël. "Modélisation des champs diffus par une équation de diffusion : application à l'acoustique des salles et à l'acoustique urbaine". Le Mans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEMA1003.
Texto completoLiétard, Romain. "Influence de raidisseurs internes régulièrement espacés sur la diffusion acoustique par une coque cylindrique finie immergée : diffusion de Bragg et diffusion de Bloch-Floquet". Le Havre, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006LEHA0007.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the study of the influence of internal ribs on the acoustic scattering from a finite cylindrical shell, in order to explain results obtained for complex targets (submarines models). Thus, two cylinders ribbed by a set of evenly spaced rings are studied under two different configurations (monostatic and bistatic). Experimental results show two new scattering processes: Bragg scattering and Bloch-Floquet scattering. Bragg scattering is due to the interference of the geometrical reflections of the incident plane wave on the rings. Scattering from Bloch-Floquet waves results from the propagation of a surface wave which scatters each time it meets a rib. The interference of all reemissions gives rise to the phenomenon. A good agreement between numerical results (provided by a theoretical calculation) and experimental ones is obtained. Simple scattering/interference calculations are used to study the inverse problem. Thanks to the angular and frequential coordinates of the reinforcement points observed on experimental spectra, certain characteristics of the studied ribbed shells are estimated (rib spacing, shell thickness)
Izbicki, Jean-Louis. "Diffusion acoustique par des cylindres et des tubes ondes guidées et résonances en basse fréquence". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598435r.
Texto completoRobert, Laurent. "Etude par microscopie acoustique de l'influence des irradiations sur des aciers inoxydables". Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20058.
Texto completoGrossier, Romain. "Étude expérimentale de la ségrégation d'un liquide binaire par une bulle de cavitation acoustique". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7535/1/grossier.pdf.
Texto completoJaud, Virginie. "Analyse de la diffusion par des surfaces rugueuses anisotropes : une contribution à la caractérisation des fonds marins". Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES2046.
Texto completoThe analysis of the acoustic scattering by rough surfaces turns out to be a task important but made complex by the phenomena engendered in the process of scattering as well as by the environmental parameters which articulate all around. We demonstrate in the present work that the acoustic scattering by rough surfaces in particular by rough types with anisotropic features, that is sedimentary structures with a particular arrangement of grains, can create interferences. According to the propagation plane chosen between the transmitter and the receiver, the more or less rough character of an interface has for consequence the variations of the scattering strength. The shape of the rough structure also pulls the appearance of extrema more or less marked according to the acoustic wave configurations and the characteristics of the sediment. According to a deductive progress, we highlight these aspects by the modelling of the scattering strength by adopting the small slopes approximation (said also SSA) in the order 1 combined with au analytical structure function taking into account the statistics of surfaces. The mechanism of scattering by surfaces for specific anisotropic structures is analyzed, bounded and confronted finally with real data of acoustic scattering obtained in tank. The interferences observed m the transversal plane of ripples meet both m simulation and on the real data, what f confirms our approach A numerical study was realized to encircle better the domain of validity of the model SSA. Even if an experimental complete validation was not able to be led, this domain of validity is coherent with the data m tank in several experimental configurations what allows to innit with more conviction the use of the model. These works put in perspective the possibility of improving by the use of the model SSA, the techniques of characterization of sea bed, in particular by a better consideration of strongly visible aspects, engendered by the bottom scattering for sedimentary anisotropic structures
Girard, Adrien. "Étude du confinement acoustique dans des nano-structures métalliques et semiconductrices par diffusion Raman basse fréquence". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1106/document.
Texto completoInelastic light scattering spectroscopies (Raman/Brillouin) are a versatile tool to study thermal phonons at various scales. In nano-granular media, the study of acoustic phonons with a wavelength much greater than the grain diameter D (?/D >> 1) allows one to characterize the macroscopic elasticity governed by Hertz law of the contact. The validity of Hertz law is studied for powders made of oxide nanoparticles a few nanometers in diameter. When the phonon half-wavelength reaches the confinement dimension (diameter D for spheres, thickness e for plates) propagation is forbidden and mechanical resonances occur. Low frequency Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize the acoustic resonances of semiconducting nanoplatelets “dressed” with an organic surfactant layer. When the thickness becomes thin enough (e ~ 1 nm), the resonance frequency is significantly downshifted compared to a free platelet, attributed to a mass load effect due to the organic molecules. When the confining object is a metallic nano-dimer, both plasmonic and acoustic hybridization occur at the same time. The resonant excitation of the dimeric plasmon allows one to observe down to single nano-object scale the inelastic scattering by dimer hybridized dipolar vibration modes l=1 as well as non-hybridized modes with higher angular momentum l >2, known to be Raman inactive in this size range according to previously established selection rules. Possibilities for a new plasmon-vibration coupling mechanism are discussed
Rembert, Pascal. "Études des résonances acoustiques par des méthodes quasi-harmoniques et impulsionnelles : phase spectrale". Le Havre, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LEHA0006.
Texto completoLe, Bas Pierre-Yves. "Diffusion multiple par des cibles élastiques immergées.Propagation d'ondes cohérentes et interactions résonantes". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086985.
Texto completos'intéresse à un nombre restreint de diffuseurs. Elle a permis de mettre en évidence un phénomène de couplage
résonant entre des diffuseurs cylindriques proches se manifestant par une démultiplication des fréquences de
résonances associées à l'onde A (onde de Scholte-Stoneley). Ces démultiplications ont été validées
expérimentalement. La seconde partie présente deux théories de milieu effectif : celle de Waterman et Truell et
celle de Fikioris et Waterman. La philosophie de ces deux théories est de déterminer l'onde moyenne résultant
d'un moyennage sur les positions des diffuseurs. C'est cette onde que l'on appelle onde cohérente. Ces théories
aboutissent au calcul d'un nombre d'onde effectif caractérisant l'onde cohérente. La différence essentielle entre
ces deux théories réside dans la prise en compte de la taille des diffuseurs dans celle de Fikioris et Waterman.
Les résultats des ces deux théories sont comparés entre eux et avec ceux obtenus par une troisième théorie, celle
de Foldy. On note l'influence des fréquences de résonance d'un diffuseur seul sur le nombre d'onde effectif. Les
trois théories donnent des résultats similaires pour de faibles concentrations. Dans le cas de fortes concentrations,
les résultats issus de la théorie de Fikioris et Waterman se distinguent de ceux obtenus par les deux autres
théories. Lorsque l'on considère une couche de milieu multi-diffuseur, on peut déterminer des coefficients de
réflexion et de transmission s'exprimant formellement comme ceux d'une plaque fluide. Une analogie entre un
milieu multi-diffuseur et un milieu fluide visqueux est possible. L'étude expérimentale menée sur un tel système
montre un bon accord avec la théorie en ce qui concerne l'atténuation. La dernière partie de ce document
consiste en l'étude d'un milieu multi-diffuseur dans lequel les diffuseurs sont anisotropes. Les diffuseurs du
milieu présenté sont constitués de deux diffuseurs cylindriques suffisamment proches pour qu'il y ait couplage
résonant. On peut alors déterminer un nombre d'onde effectif à l'aide de la théorie de Fikioris et Waterman, ainsi
que des coefficient de réflexion et de transmission. Ces derniers se mettent sous la même forme que ceux
associés à un milieu fictif de type fluide pour lequel la vitesse de phase et l'atténuation varieraient en fonction de
la direction de propagation.
Millerat, Pierre. "Modélisation de la diffusion acoustique par un objet cylindrique : Application de la théorie géométrique de la diffraction". Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/428e39ca-af7d-46a9-bb68-62b53d7f829e.
Texto completoDaoudi, Khalid. "Caractérisation des milieux mous par optoélastographie transitoire". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00548741.
Texto completoLhémery, Alain. "Emission et réception des ondes ultrasonores transitoires après diffusion sur une cible de forme quelconque dans un milieu fluide". Le Mans, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LEMA1010.
Texto completoColle, Stéphane. "Modélisation des champs diffus en acoustique urbaine par la théorie des transports : développements théoriques et mise en forme numérique". Le Mans, 2006. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2006/2006LEMA1031.pdf.
Texto completoThis work has contributed to the development of a new propagation model of diffuse sound fields in urban acoustics, making it possible to take analytically into account the whole phenomena involved in the propagation (i. E. The diffuse reflection and, at least, on the principle, other phenomena such as the atmospheric attenuation, the micrometeorological effect. . . ). Based on an energetic and probabilistic approach, this model consista in decomposing the sound wave into a sum of sound particles (or phonons) in the propagation medium (i. E. A street). The distribution function of the phonons then follows a transport equation, whose boundary conditions consider the absorption coefficients and the reflection law (specular and/or diffuse) of the façades. In its most general form, the problem does not admit an analytical solution. For narrow streets, the use of an asymptotic approach makes it nevertheless possible to express the distribution and the deerease of sound energy through a diffusion equation. The problem is then reduced to the determination of the diffusion coefficient (function of the street characteristics), and to the calculation of an exchange coefficient modelling the absorption by the openings of the street. This approach, initially developed by Le Pollès, was generalized for streets made up of non-absorbing walls, characterized by A\w\n (n > 2) reflection laws on both sides of the street. Under these conditions, the analytical developments show that the diffusion coefficient depends on the street width, on the reflection laws and on the façades accommodation coefficient. This last coefficient represents the ratio between the specular and diffuse reflection. In addition, this development shows that in the case of a narrow street, the diffusion process only occurs in the median plane of the street, the density of sound energv being uniform on a transverse line of the street. The mathematical solutions were successfully compared to numerical simulations using the SPPS code, which is the direct application of the particles model. Due to the inability of the asymptotic development to take into account the acoustic absorption of the façades, a new approach inducing a damping in the propagation medium was proposed. This development was analytically performed, but its practical use requires numerical resolutions of integrals. Finally a numerical application of the diffusion model was proposed using a finite elements software (and the theoretical results of the above-mentioned diffusion model). This numerical approach makes it possible to model easily and quickly the sound propagation in complex urban areas, in multi-sources environments. Several examples are proposed and show the general interest of our work for the development of a simple and fast software, making it possible to carry out acoustic predictions in complex urban configurations
Haumesser, Lionel. "Diffusion acoustique par des coques cylindriques limitées immergéesOndes hélicoi͏̈dales : analyse des réponses temporelles et identification complète des résonances". Le Havre, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2002LEHA0003.
Texto completoAcoustic pressure scattered by finite fluid loaded cylindrical shells, is experimentally and theoretically analyzed in Fourier spaces. Spectral and time domain signatures of such objects are interpreted in terms of resonance and propagation of surface waves. The scatterers are made of stainless steel, with inner over outer radii ratio equal to 0,83 and 0,97. They are excited under the far field conditions by broadband ultrasonic signals, for incidence angles comprised between 0ʿ (normal incidence to the shell main axis) and 50ʿ. Resonances present in backscattered spectral responses, associated to Sʿ and Tʿ helical waves, are identified. The associated vibration modes are experimentally determined by using two bistatic experimental arrangements. The first setup, in which the receiver transducer rotates in a plane normal to the shell axis, leads to the identification of cicumferential mode (n) ; the second, rather original setup, in which the receiver moves parallel to the shell axis, yields the identification of axial modes (m). The results are in agreement with those obtained with a hybrid modal theoretical approach combining elasticity theory and Kirchhoff diffraction integral. This information (resonance frequency, n, m) makes possible the evaluation of the phase velocity and the propagation angle of corresponding wave. The complete identification of target resonances is thus achieved (nature of the wave, n, m). Each resonance, expression of a finite length objet eigenmode selected by excitation conditions, is observed at a single frequency for a number of closely spaced incidence angles. A geometrical model depicting wave helical travel paths on the shell renders possible the analysis of time domain responses. Times at which echoes are observed, are related to the travel paths of the Tʿ. The influence on backscattering of the shell's characteristic dimensions (length and diameter) is studied in this way. The geometrical approach also enables the consideration of effects linked to the presence of an internal plate bulkhead : the role of the A wave (interface wave) becomes prominent
Elghaouty, Ahmed. "Contribution à la modélisation de la diffusion acoustique dans le domaine temporel par la méthode des équations intégrales". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-195.pdf.
Texto completoNguyen, Xuan Truong. "Étude des matériaux irradiés sous faisceau d'électrons par méthode électro-acoustique pulsée (PEA)". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2361/.
Texto completoDielectric materials are frequently used as electrical insulators in spatial applications. Due to their dielectric nature, these dielectrics are likely to accumulate electric charges during their service. Under certain critical conditions, these internal or surface space charges can lead to an electrostatic surface discharge. To understand these phenomena, an experimental device has been developed in the laboratory. This device allows us to simulate the electronic irradiation conditions encountered in space. The aim of our study is to characterize the electrical behavior of insulating materials irradiated by electron beam, to investigate charge storage and transport phenomena and anticipate electrostatic discharges. In this work, the device based on the Pulsed Electro-Acoustic (PEA) technique has been chosen. It has been implanted in the irradiation chamber. It allows us to obtain the spatial distribution of charges injected between two periods of irradiation and during relaxation. However the PEA method offers a limited resolution and doesn't allow the detection of injected charges when they are too close to the surface. First, we performed a parameters signal processing analysis that we will call the spreading factor and the resolution factor. The preliminary study post-irradiation in air of experimental measurements showed that the the resolution factor choice is important for the analysis and interpretation of the signal when the space charge is localized near the surface. Then, a comparison to the spreading parameter used in some deconvolution technique was established. In the second time, space charge distribution measurements in vacuum have been carried out on Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene (PTFE) films irradiated by an electron beam in the range [10-100] keV. The results obtained were compared to those theoretical results. This work allows us to consider the necessary improvements for the determination of in-situ space charge
Le, Bas Pierre-Yves. "Diffusion multiple par des cibles élastiques immergées : propagation d'ondes cohérentes et interactions résonantes". Le Havre, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LEHA0007.
Texto completoThis work deals with the multiple scattering by cylindrical shells randomly placed in a liquid. A first part presents the resonant coupling between close shells a few shells. An experimental validation is made. The second part presents two effective media theories: Waterman and Truell's and the Fikioris and Waterman's one. The reflection and transmission coefficients by a slab like region of the multiple scattering medium are similar to the ones obtained by considering a fluid slab alloying an analogy with a fluid medium. The shells are, then, replaced by a set of close shells in order to study an anisotropic medium. The parameters of the effective medium and the reflection and transmission coefficient are calculated. The reflection and transmission coefficients can be expressed as the ones of a fictitious fluid-like slab for which the phase velocity and the attenuation would be dependent of the direction of propagation
Derbesse, Laurent. "Rayonnement et diffusion acoustique en régime impulsionnel sur cibles élastiques immergées : étude par visualisation ultra-rapide et modélisations numériques". Valenciennes, 2001. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/6db4c12a-e017-412a-a353-88f023828498.
Texto completo2 original tools, experimental and numerical, are proposed for the investigations of acoustic scattering phenomena on water-immersed elastic targets. They supply a new and additional lighting of these phenomena with regard to the conventional methods. They allow the emphasis of the mechanisms of creation of the various types of wave propagated in the considered structures. The space-time diagram of Lamb's waves (An and Sn ; ) at the surface of the object and the spatial distributions in the surrounding fluid were obtained. Scholte-Stoneley wave was observed experimentally in a direct way and its mechanism of creation by the Ao Lamb wave was described numerically. The results obtained on a LINE target concern the scattering and\or the conversions of modes on the local heterogeneity between cylindrical and hemispherical part
Laurent, Jérôme. "Étude d'un matériau granulaire sec par ondes ultrasonores : effet non linéaire, atténuation et diffusion". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657286.
Texto completoLe, Pollès Thierry. "Modélisation des champs diffus en acoustique architecturale par la théorie des transports : application au milieu urbain". Le Mans, 2003. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2003/2003LEMA1016.pdf.
Texto completoThe aim of this work was to develop a new diffuse sound field model, taking into account diffusion, scattering, atmospheric and meteorological effects. . . After a state of art, the sound particle concept seemed rigorous to treat analytically this kind of phenomena. The application of this concept allowed to describe spatial and temporal sound energy evolution in terms of a transport equation similar to the free molecular flow equation. Boundary conditions were introduced in terms of local flux introducing surface reflection laws to take into account scattering effects. As an application, solutions were found in a narrow street with the help of asymptotic approaches. It was shown that in such propagation medium, the diffusion equation corresponds to the limit of the transport equation. Diffusion coefficients were then developed for several reflection laws. Confrontation of analytical solutions and Monte Carlo numerical simulations was then performed. A good agreement was found. Finally, analytical solutions were compared to experimental data obtained during experiments in a street of Nantes. This comparaison showed a great coherence of the model and interesting prospects for the future
Brunet, Nicolas. "Etude de l'influence du liquide de couplage sur la micro-caractérisation de matériaux par signature acoustique". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20168.
Texto completoMartinet, Quentin. "Étude des effets environnementaux sur les modes acoustiques confinés de nanoparticules par diffusion inélastique de la lumière". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1152/document.
Texto completoOver the past twenty years, inelastic light scattering by vibrational eigenmodes of nanoparticles, called Lamb modes, has proven to be an effective method for characterizing the size and mechanical properties of nano-objects. The resonant frequency of a nano-sphere, in the gigahertz range, is given, as a first approximation, by the ratio of the acoustic velocity of the bulk material and the size of confinement. The refinements of the theoretical model allow to obtain, from these eigenmodes, information on the shape and local environment of nano-objects.The objective of this thesis is to probe the domain of validity of the Lamb model, to analyze the different impacts of the environment on eigenmodes and to develop a new strategy to measure them. Several aspects of interaction with the external medium can be considered depending on the system studied. On the one hand, the delocalization of the acoustic wave in the case of core shell systems is ruled by the acoustic impedance of the core and the shell and leads to a mechanical coupling. On the other hand, the inertial mass effect induced by the presence of organic ligands on the surface of the particle modifies the resonant frequency. The validity of both approaches is discussed according to the configuration and these models are applied to real cases, such as semiconductor core shell nanoparticles and nanoplatelets, or gold colloidal clusters. The inertial mass effect is significant for small objects and it is shown the feasibility to realize ultra-sensitive nano-balance capable of probing the local environment of nano-objects. Furthermore, in the case of gold clusters, this approach makes it possible to discuss the limit of the Lamb model, based on continuum mechanics, to interpret vibrations involving only six atoms. Thanks to low frequency Raman spectroscopy, it appears that the experimental results are in good agreement with both the continuum mechanics approach, by considering the inertial mass effect, and also with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, the experimental development of an optical set-up capable of measuring low frequency Raman modes on a single nanoparticle in a liquid medium is presented. This technic requires to localize a nanoparticle in a liquid medium with plasmonic tweezers and to enhance the low frequency Raman signal by stimulating vibrational modes with electrostriction. The perspectives are to apply this method to the dynamical study of a single object such as viruses or proteins
Sun, Zhigang. "Modélisation acoustique de l’énergie moyenne diffusée par une distribution aléatoire de cibles spheriques sous-marines : Validité de la technique d'écho-intégration pour la mesure de l'abondance de cibles sous-marines". Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0069.
Texto completoThe estimation of fish abundance b the echo-interation method is based on the assumption that the echo energy returned from randomly distributed targets is proportional to the quantity of those targets. Three factors can affect this linearity : the interference of direct echoes the shadowing effect and the multiple scattering among the targets. In this work, the influence of the three factors upon the linearity of the echo-integration method is studied. Among the three component parts of work, the first pert deals with the calculation of impulse of a rigid sphere to a Dirac pressure transmission. The second part is devoted to the modelling of the interference effect in the energy investigation of echoes scattered by planar distribution of spheres. Some formulas are developed to provide a fast way to evaluate the interface contribution of echoes. The third art concerns with the modelling of the echo energy scattered by a 3D distribution of spheres. The contributions of the interference effect. The shadowing effect and the second order scattering among the targets are studied for rigid soft fluid and elastic spheres. The numerical results show that the linearity of the echo-integration method is tightly related to the material structure of the targets, the target quantity, and the working frequency. A wideband transducer is preferable for the implementation of the echo-interaction method and favourable to tar t identification. However using a wideband transducer does not necessarily improve the linearity between the energy scattered by the target and the quantity of those targets. The hypothesis of the linearity is acceptable especially when the target distribution is not dense. In certain cases where the number density of targets is relatively high, measurement over two different thicknesses of the volume is necessary to determining the quantity of targets
Latard, Véronique. "Méthodes de visualisation par gradient d'indice en mécanique des milieux non homogènes : application à la diffusion acoustique et aux écoulements diphasiques". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/55376-1998-5.pdf.
Texto completoHaumesser, Lionel. "Diffusion acoustique par des coques cylindriques limitées immergées. On des hélicoïdales: analyse des réponses temporelles et identification complète des résonances". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010047.
Texto completoDuro, Vincent. "Caractérisation acoustique d'un sillage engendré par un navire de surface : propagation d'une onde acoustique dans un mélange eau/bulles d'air". Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0019.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the acoustical characterization of ship wake. In a laboratory, wake reduces to bubbly water medium. The influence of bubbles on the propagation of a transmitted acoustical wave is studied. Sound attenuation and phase speed measurements permit to determine the bubble radius and the bubble density. Thanks to the theoretical studies of acoustical scattering by a single air bubble in water, a relationship between bubble radius and their resonance at low frequency is established. Next, from the Foldy relationship giving an effective wavenumber characterizing the acoustical propagation in bubbly water, attenuation change and phase speed change are observed around bubble resonance frequency. The values of these changes increase with the bubble density increasing. Additionally, an optical measurement method investigated simultaneously provides results in good agreement with the ones due to the method of acoustical measurements. This work achieves by the presentation of results obtained during prospective experiments. In fact, this section shows the results of non-linear acoustical propagation and gap-band effects in relation with bubbly water
Rabisse, Kévin. "Développement d’un modèle numérique de propagation acoustique dans un local délimité par des parois à relief géométrique". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0140/document.
Texto completoThe study of sound propagation in an enclosed space requires a precise knowledge of the acoustic and geometrical characteristics of its boundaries. Indeed, the geometric relief on the walls of a room causes complex acoustic phenomena that can significantly impact the sound propagation: scattering, diffraction or even resonance if the relief has a particular geometry. The objective of this study is to develop a numerical model of sound propagation in an enclosed space bounded by walls with geometric relief. First, the Adaptive Rectangular Decomposition (ARD) method is used to simulate the propagation in a room. Then, this method is coupled with the Finite Difference in Time Domaine (FDTD) method and the use of digital impedance filters (DIF) to include boundaries with geometric relief and frequency-dependent impedance. The integration of the FDTD method into the ARD method is made possible by the use of perfectly matched layers (PML). The numerical model is validated by comparison with the Kobayashi Potential (KP) and image source methods as well as experimental results. Finally, the model is used to study the sound scattering caused by several experimental relief walls. An apparent sound absorption coefficient is thus estimated to characterize each of these different walls