Índice
Literatura académica sobre el tema "Différenciation ostéogénique"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte las listas temáticas de artículos, libros, tesis, actas de conferencias y otras fuentes académicas sobre el tema "Différenciation ostéogénique".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Tesis sobre el tema "Différenciation ostéogénique"
Sottile, Virginie. "Cellules souches mésenchymateuses de la moe͏̈lle osseuse : différenciation adipogénique et ostéogénique". Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5650.
Texto completoOsteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass associated with increased marrow fat content. Osteoblasts and adipocytes arise from a common precursor cell present in the bone marrow stromal, the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). The regulatory events governing the commitment of this precursor cell to either lineage are intensely investigated. To determine the effect of osteogenic factors on adipogenesis, we have treated the mesenchymal precursor cell line 3T3-L1 with BMP2 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2), a potent inducer of bone formation. Although BMP2 did not affect adipogenesis on its own, is strongly stimulated adipogenic differentiation in synergy with the PPARgamma agonist BRL49653. Likewise, when BRL49653 was combined with a classical osteogenic treatment, no inhibition of the osteogenic response could be detected. Our data suggest that osteoblasts and adipocytes do not systematically develop at the expense of each that osteoblasts and adipocytes do not systematically develop at the expense of each other, but follow a common differentiation pathway that can be positively modulated by both BMPs and PPARgamma activators. We also identified human trabecular bone as a new source of mesenchymal precursor cells. Based on clonal expansion experiments followed by osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation assays, we could conclude that cultures prepared from trabecular bone fragments have mesenchymal stem cell characteristics in vitro
Hue, Érika. "Interconnexion(s) entre les mécanismes de mort cellulaire et la différenciation ostéogénique dans les cellules souches mésenchymateuses". Nantes, 2009. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=71d32127-0cde-40e8-a211-3213021ffff9.
Texto completoThe hMSCs are resistant to apoptosis after exposure to different apoptotic inducers, however, these cells do not lack any proteins implicated in apoptosis (Oliver et al. , submitted). Conversely, after an induction of differentiation, these cells acquire a sensitivity to apoptosis. Hence, by analysing the differentiation process of hMSCs, we could gain an insight into the acquisition of a sensibility to apoptosis in these cells. We hope to use this insight into the induction of apoptosis in cancer stem cells that appear to have the same resistance to apoptosis observed in normal stem cells. An analysis of the executioner caspase-3 in undifferentiated MSCs has revealed the presence of the proform (32 kDa) and a 29 kDa cleaved form of caspase-3 and during osteogenesis caspase-3 is cleaved into a 25 kDa form. These cleaved forms of caspase-3, 29 and 25 kDa were previously shown by our group to be the result of a cleavage by calpain (Pelletier et al, 2005). Our data show that caspase-3 is important in the initial stages of osteogenic differentiation but not essential for osteogenic differentiation as a knock-down of caspase-3 delays but does not completely abrogate osteogenic differentiation. An activation of alternative pathways implicating an up-regulation of downstream or upstream partners may be involved
Drouin, Geneviève. "Ossification hétérotopique traumatique : altérations du microenvironnement des progéniteurs du muscle squelettique et induction du programme de différenciation ostéogénique". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8564.
Texto completoAbstract: Skeletal muscle has an extraordinary ability to regenerate due to its resident stromal cells (mrSCs) and myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs). Following certain traumas, the quality of the regeneration of skeletal muscle can be compromised for unknown reasons, leading to the appearance of aberrant structures such as mature bone, a process called posttraumatic heterotopic ossification (HO). Our laboratory developed a mouse model to show that mrSCs are fully involved in this pathology. We also showed that BMP9, a highly osteoinductive factor, causes HO if and only if the muscle is damaged. This model is unique in that it recapitulates the pathophysiological features of post-traumatic HO in which muscle damage is essential for bone formation. The model was also used to show that the progenitor cell microenvironment plays a predominant role in the development of this pathology. Based on these results, we HYPOTHESIZED that the microenvironment of the damaged muscle contains factors that can influence the phenotype of its progenitor cell populations, thus promoting the development of HO. Our results showed that the hypoxic state of a severely damaged muscle increases the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mrSCs and also specifically induces the expression of BMP9 by mrSCs. The impact of BMP9 on the differentiation of MPCs was also evaluated. At physiological concentrations, BMP9 inhibited the myogenic differentiation potential of murine myoblast C2C12 cells and primary human MPCs, and triggered their differentiation into an osteogenic lineage. In summary, we showed that damaged muscle that develops HO has a specific microenvironment that is responsible for the loss of the regenerative capacity of progenitor cells, leading to a delay in myogenesis, and that mrSCs and MPCs are both involved in osteogenesis. The identification and understanding of the mechanisms regulating these key factors could provide clinicians with valuable diagnostic tools as well as alternative and/or complementary approaches to current prophylactic treatments.
Locker, Morgane Sara. "Etude des voies de signalisation paracrines et autocrines qui contrôlent la différenciation chondrogénique et ostéogénique d'une cellule souche mésoblastique". Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11T044.
Texto completoLópez, Serrano Cristina. "Synthesis of bioactive hydrogels for the control of stem cell differentiation : Impact on bone tissue engineering". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0246.
Texto completoMesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells, widely used in tissue engineering thanks to their ability to differentiate into various cell lineages, making them suitable in many applications. However, tightly controlling their differentiation to yield a single cell type, such as bone cells, remains challenging. Achieving improved bone regeneration will likely involve mimicking the MSC’s native microenvironment, known as the stem cell niche To achieve this, it is essential to develop advanced biomaterial scaffolds with properties that can be tuned to replicate the in vivo cellular environment on a cell culture plate. In this context, hydrogels have gained significant interest since they can mimic many aspects of native extracellular matrices (ECM). It is known that the in vitro differentiation of stem cells is affected by the stiffness and viscoelasticity of the substrate on and in which they are cultured. However further investigation is needed to understand the specific effects of matrix elasticity and viscoelasticity on osteogenic differentiation, as well as the interplay between these mechanical properties and the presence of bioactive molecules such as adhesion or differentiation peptides. In this context, our research challenge is to develop a material that encompasses the optimal properties to obtain osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This thesis presents the development of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties, in terms of elasticity and viscoelasticity, and targeted biofunctionalization. Hydrogels with a broad range of compressive Young’s moduli, from 2 to 128 kPa, were synthesized, successfully spanning the stiffness of most human soft tissues. The viscoelasticity of these materials was also tuned, from loss tangent values of 0.15 up to 0.35. The choice of technique to characterize the elasticity and viscoelasticity of the hydrogels is not trivial. There is no standard for the mechanical evaluation of hydrogels for biomedical applications and comparing results obtained with different techniques becomes challenging. To address this issue, we performed a comprehensive mechanical characterization of our hydrogels with multiple techniques (compression, rheology and AFM). Our findings reveal that while all methods produce consistent trends, each provides unique and complementary insights into the material’s mechanical properties. The materials are functionalized by covalently grafting RGD and BMP-2 peptides, for adhesion and differentiation respectively. The biofunctionalization of the materials was verified via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluorescence microscopy. hMSCs were cultured on different hydrogels and their osteogenic differentiation was evaluated via immunocytochemistry of key protein markers and qPCR. Our findings revealed that cells on stiff and viscoelastic hydrogels exhibited an overexpression of osteoblast and osteocyte markers. This suggests that the combination of the functionalization procedure with the mechanical properties of the hydrogel provides a potent approach to promoting the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs