Tesis sobre el tema "Diagramme de phases de l'or"
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Richard, Pauline. "Exploration ab initio du diagramme de phases de l'or à haute pression et haute température". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASF040.
Texto completoThis thesis is dedicated to exploring the phase diagram of gold under high pressure and high temperature. Calculating the free energy is fundamental for comparing the relative stability of phases under specific thermodynamic conditions. However, this quantity explicitly depends on the partition function, making it challenging to calculate in atomistic simulations. It is often decomposed into cold and thermal contributions. Among these contributions, the lattice dynamics, or phonons, play a crucial role. The temperatures explored induce indeed anharmonic effects, necessitating the use of expensive ab initio methods, based on density functional theory (DFT) which are the most appropriate method to account for these effects that existing empirical potentials cannot reproduce. Coupled with thermodynamic integration, it is the reference method for calculating free energy. However, this method remains very time-consuming and is thus prohibitive to explore the whole phase diagram of gold. Alternative methods exist, such as the quasi-harmonic approximation, but its validity at high temperature is difficult to assess. The goal of this thesis is to propose a method that maintains DFT accuracy while reducing computation time. To achieve this, an accelerated sampling procedure using machine learning is employed. This procedure allows for the training of surrogate potentials, which are then used a posteriori to extract the Gibbs free energies of the considered structures via a non-equilibrium thermodynamic integration calculation. The results obtained have been validated by comparison with those from the temperature-dependent effective potential. In the first part, this approach was applied to construct the phase diagram of solid gold from 0 to 1 TPa and up to 10,000 K. It shows the stabilization of a body-centered cubic (bcc) phase at high temperatures, around 200 GPa. An explanation for the cubic face-centered (fcc)-bcc transition before melting was proposed, based on the effects of interatomic force constants. Furthermore, the stability domains of the fcc and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phases predicted by this study are in good agreement with most recent experimental results. In the second part, this procedure was extended to calculate the melting curve of gold
Sprosser, Joachim. "Transitions de phases structurales de la surface (110) de l'or". Le Mans, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LEMA1013.
Texto completoTABARY, PATRICK. "Etude du diagramme de phases al#2o#3-aln". Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112219.
Texto completoTrinité-Quequet, Virginie. "Etude théorique des phases du titane". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPXX0034.
Texto completoVICTOR, JEAN-MARC. "Diagramme de phases et facteurs de structure de macromolecules chargees". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066585.
Texto completoMorhard, Klaus-Dieter. "Diagramme de phases de l'³He adsorbé sur le graphite". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10008.
Texto completoKfouri, Charbel el. "Système Ag-As-Te diagramme de phases et matériaux vitreux /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614640f.
Texto completoVictor, Jean-Marc. "Diagramme de phases et facteurs de structure de macromolécules chargées". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37619439w.
Texto completoAdjadj-Bouharkat, Fouzia. "Le diagramme d'équilibre entre phases du système ternaire Bi-Sb-Zn". Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10011.
Texto completoLudl, Adriaan-Alexander. "Etude du diagramme de phases des solutions d'électrolytes sous conditions extrêmes". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066303/document.
Texto completoThe study of amorphous and crystalline phases of solutions gives essential insight on the behaviour of water under conditions relevant for biology and planetary science. The aim of this work is the exploration of the phase diagram of common electrolyte solutions (LiCl-water, NaCl-water) under pressure and temperature conditions (from 77 K to 330 K and up to 5 GPa) relevant for icy bodies such as Europe and Ganymede. In experiments and simulations we search for crystalline phases of ice at high-pressure, which can contain considerable amounts of salt in their lattice (up to 10 % of by weight). We probe the existence of these salty ices, and characterize two exotic, pressure induced properties, polyamorphism and ionic inclusions in the ice lattice. We have produced highly concentrated amorphous solutions of NaCl in water by fast quenching to liquid nitrogen temperature. Our neutron and X-ray diffraction experiments show that the local structure of this amorphous solution at ambient pressure is very similar to the high density amorphous structure of pure water. Our high-pressure experiments with the Paris-Edinburgh cell and our classical Molecular Dynamics calculations show only smooth structure and density changes during compression up to 4 GPa. We discuss the possibility of salt (NaCl) inclusions in the ice VII lattice at high pressure in our experiments by complementary calculations based on Density Functional Theory. The ice VII which crystallized in our experiments is either pure ice, or it contains only a small fraction of the ions from the solution. It may be possible that ions can be included in larger quantities at higher pressures
Ludl, Adriaan-Alexander. "Etude du diagramme de phases des solutions d'électrolytes sous conditions extrêmes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066303.pdf.
Texto completoThe study of amorphous and crystalline phases of solutions gives essential insight on the behaviour of water under conditions relevant for biology and planetary science. The aim of this work is the exploration of the phase diagram of common electrolyte solutions (LiCl-water, NaCl-water) under pressure and temperature conditions (from 77 K to 330 K and up to 5 GPa) relevant for icy bodies such as Europe and Ganymede. In experiments and simulations we search for crystalline phases of ice at high-pressure, which can contain considerable amounts of salt in their lattice (up to 10 % of by weight). We probe the existence of these salty ices, and characterize two exotic, pressure induced properties, polyamorphism and ionic inclusions in the ice lattice. We have produced highly concentrated amorphous solutions of NaCl in water by fast quenching to liquid nitrogen temperature. Our neutron and X-ray diffraction experiments show that the local structure of this amorphous solution at ambient pressure is very similar to the high density amorphous structure of pure water. Our high-pressure experiments with the Paris-Edinburgh cell and our classical Molecular Dynamics calculations show only smooth structure and density changes during compression up to 4 GPa. We discuss the possibility of salt (NaCl) inclusions in the ice VII lattice at high pressure in our experiments by complementary calculations based on Density Functional Theory. The ice VII which crystallized in our experiments is either pure ice, or it contains only a small fraction of the ions from the solution. It may be possible that ions can be included in larger quantities at higher pressures
Mailhe, Clément. "Etablissement du diagramme de phases de systèmes de matériaux par thermographie infrarouge". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0073.
Texto completoExperimental and numerical techniques for the study of phase change are numerous. The diversity of existing method can be explained by the variety of properties of interest associated to phase change. Amongst them, some techniques aim at establishing the phase diagrams of systems of materials and all present the common characteristic of being time-consuming. In the frame of the study and development of new materials, they appear rather unadapted to the requirements of the industry. A method based on infrared thermography has been developed in order to overcome this limit of standard techniques. It allows for the establishment of phase diagrams in a less than two hours experiment. The proof of the validity of this concept was made on organic systems presenting simple phase diagrams. In this work, its applicability for the determination of phase diagrams of increasing complexity is evaluated. For its optimization, studies are performed in order to assess the influence experimental parameters on the efficiency and quality of results of the method. Finally, its potential applications and limits are investigated
Kadok, Joris. "Le système binaire aluminium-iridium, du diagramme de phases aux surfaces atomiques". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0202/document.
Texto completoA complex metallic alloy (CMA) is an intermetallic compound whose unit cell contains a large number of atoms oftenly forming highly-symmetric clusters. From the complexity of these compounds can arise physical and chemical properties interesting for various fields of application. The aluminium-iridium binary system exhibits numerous intermetallic compounds of which half of them are actually CMAs. Despite this system being extensively studied in the literature, some uncertainies remained unsolved, leading us to reinvestigate the Al-Ir phase diagram. In addition, the "push-pull" systems Al-Au-Ir and Al-Ag-Ir, favorable for the formation of CMA according to the literature, have been explored. Thus, near a hundred of samples have been prepared by arc-melting before being analyzed with different characterizations techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). From this study, 4 new intermetallic compounds could be identified: Al2.4Ir, Al72Au2.5Ir29.5, Al3AuIr and Al11SiIr6, the latter being the result of a fortuitous manipulation. The crystallographic structure of each of these compounds has been solved, revealing Al2.4Ir and Al72Au2.5Ir29.5 to be two CMAs with around one hundred of atoms in their unit cell. Calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) brought further details about the stability of the two other Al3AuIr and Al11SiIr6 compounds. In the Al-Ir binary system, a structural variant of two well-known CMAs has been also unveiled. The crystallographic structures of the Al2.75Ir and Al28Ir9 variant have been approached, revealing 240 and 444 atoms in their respective unit cell. The CMAs oftently exhibit interesting surface properties. In order to study the Al-Ir compound surfaces, iridium adsorption on Al(100) surface followed by annealing has been investigated. The characterizations by lowenergy electrons diffraction (LEED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning tunneling miscoscopy (STM) supported by ab initio calculations revealed that, from 320 C, the Al9Ir2 compound is formed at the surface but also in the substrate bulk
Musso, Jean. "DPAO Diagramme de Phases Assisté par Ordinateur: Représentation et cheminement isothermes et isobares". Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00425051.
Texto completoLaanait, Lahoussine. "Etude du modèle de Potts : (Diagramme de phases, tensions superficielles, boucle de Wilson)". Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX11084.
Texto completoMusso, Jean. "Dpao : diagramme de phases assiste par ordinateur : representation et cheminement isothermes et isobares". Toulon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUL0003.
Texto completoLaanait, Lahoussine. "Etude du modèle de Potts diagramme de phases, tensions superficielles, boucle de Wilson /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606670n.
Texto completoChung, In-Wha. "Etude physico-chimique des équilibres de phases dans le diagramme ternaire Fe-Ni-Zn". Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10053.
Texto completoAuvray, Nicolas. "Ordres électroniques sous-jacents du diagramme de phases des cuprates étudiés par spectroscopie Raman". Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7055.
Texto completoSuperconductivity is a state of matter in which materials stop displaying electrical resistance. This property forms the basis to numerous technological advances and it could revolutionize the way we carry and store energy. Unfortunately, this state only reveals itself at very low temperatures.In order to avoid this limitation, a better understanding of the microscopic processes giving rise to superconductivity is needed. Unfortunately, the theories that were devised in the 50s do not apply to a certain class of superconductors, dubbed as non-conventional.Among those non-conventional superconductors, cuprates, discovered in 1986, form the subject of this thesis. They possess a rather high superconducting transition temperature, and they display numerous electronic orders which interact or compete with superconductivity.Thanks to electronic Raman spectroscopy, an optical measurement technique allowing one to probe the electronic excitations of a material and to determine their symmetry, we study several orders of the cuprate phase diagram.In Bi-2212, a bismuth-based cuprate, we study the nematic fluctuations that were recently discovered in the normal state, and we try to assess whether a nematic order is behind the pseudogap phase of cuprates. Our results seem to indicate that it is not the case, though nematic fluctuations are enhanced at the closing of the pseudogap phase, which coincides with a Lifshitz transition in Bi-2212.In the mercury-based cuprates Hg-1201 and Hg-1223, we measure for the first time the evolution of the energy of the superconducting gap under hydrostatic pressure. We highlight an unexpected collapse of this energy at the anti-nodes. Our measurements shed light on the relationship between doping and pressure in cuprates, as well as on the doping control in Hg-1223, and on the effect of pressure upon the modes of mechanic vibration in mercurates
Belgrand, Thierry. "Etude par diffusion Raman du diagramme de phases (P,T) d'un composé présentant des phases incommensurables : le tétraméthylammonium tétrachlorozincate (TMATC-Zn)". Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10127.
Texto completoDichi, Emma. "Contribution a l'etude du systeme ternaire thallium-etain-tellure. Diagramme d'equilibres entre phases, etude structurale et proprietes thermoelectriques des phases ternaires". Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066455.
Texto completoBelgrand, Thierry. "Etude par diffusion raman du diagramme de phases (P,T) d'un composé présentant des phases incommensurables le tétraméthylammonium tétrachlorozincate (TMACT-Zn) /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602751p.
Texto completoTovar, Barradas Rafael. "Diagramme de phases, structure et propriétés magnétiques des composés Zn2x(AgIn)yMn2zTe2 et Zn2x(CuIn)yMn2zTe2 (x+y+z=1)". Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10004.
Texto completoCourtenay, Nadine de. "Effet de l'anisotropie sur le diagramme de phases d'un verre de spin en champ magnétique". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112095.
Texto completoWhereas the mean field theories for Heisenberg spin glasses predict a transverse freezing phase transition on a Gabay-Toulouse line (Tg – T ~ H²), most experiments appear to be compatible with the mean fields model line for Ising spin glasses (de Almeida – Thouless line (AT) : Tg - T ~ H²/³). We have used torque measurements, which are sensitive to transverse freezing, to determine the field dependance of the spin glass freezing temperature, focusing in particular on Cu Mn 1% Auₓ alloys, where the Au impurities enhance the random anisotropy forces. We find that the irreversibility onset lines show a strong anisotropy dependance. At low fields the irreversibility line is always of the A-T type. This behaviour extends to higher fields as the anisotropy is increased. This result is consistent with recent mean-field calculations predicting that at low fields the presence of anisotropy changes Heisenberg into Ising behaviour. As the field/anisotropy ratio increases, there is a crossover to Heisenberg behaviour whit transverse freezing only, crossover which appears in torque but not in magnetization measurements. We have also studied the behaviour of the anisotropy constant K near the irreversibility line
EL, KFOURI CHARBEL. "Contribution a l'etude du systeme binaire ag-as-te : diagramme de phases et materiaux vitreux". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066225.
Texto completoTakoukam, Takoundjou Cyrille. "Etude du diagramme de phases du combustible MOX par simulation moléculaire de type Monte Carlo". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0321.
Texto completoUranium plutonium mixed oxide, commonly called MOX (for Mixed Oxide), is currently used in the Light Water Reactors (LWR) and is envisaged as the reference fuel for the future 4th generation french Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR). During the manufacturing of this fuel, the oxygen hypo-stoichiometry (O/M ratio < 2 with M = U+Pu) is imposed. Knowledge of the characteristics of MOX requires the strong understanding of the U‒Pu‒O ternary phase diagram. Particularly the characterisation of the miscibility gap highlighted exclusively in the hypo-stoichiometric region and more precisely within the region interest of the FBR fuel (UO2‒PuO2‒Pu2O3 phase diagram). Our study consists in using the molecular Monte Carlo (MC) method with its cation exchange algorithm. The main objective is to improve the knowledge about the MOX ternary phase diagram. To do this, it is appropriate to calculate first the thermodynamic properties of this fuel. Thus, we worked along two main axes. The first part of this work consisted in implementing the MOX simulation through the MC method and determining the structural, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of stoichiometric U1-yPuyO2 MOX as well as those of pure oxides UO2 and PuO2 missing or poorly known. The second part consist in studying the hypo-stoichiometric MOX. We first optimized our own potential, which appeared to be more efficient than the unique potential available in the literature. Next, we calculated several properties of interest of the hypo-stoichiometric MOX both outside and inside the miscibility gap. The marks of a possible phase separation in the hypo-stoichiometric MOX as well as the demixing limit temperature were highlighted
Kozhaya, Nader. "Croissance et caractérisation de fibres monocristallines de nouveaux matériaux pour microlasers bleus et UV". Thesis, Metz, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011METZ040S/document.
Texto completoBlue and UV lasers are currently used for many applications as data storage, medicine, micromachining, etc. The frequency conversion by means of non-linear crystals appears as a good solution to obtain coherent light sources from usual solid lasers emitting in the IR, no UV laser effect can be produced in any crystal. In this frame, we studied three materials (K3Li2-xNb5+xO15+2x (KLN), Ca5(BO3)3F (CBF) and Bi2ZnB2O7 (BZBO)) which possess promising non-linear optical properties. In this work, we studied two phase diagrams: K2O-Li2O-Nb2O5 and CaO-B2O3-CaF2 in order to determine and optimize the growth conditions of the corresponding crystals.We showed that µ-PD is a good technique for growing non congruently melting crystals (CBF) and crystals originating from a solid solution (KLN). The obtained single crystal fibres were transparent, homogeneous in composition and had a good crystalline quality. The study of the growth of KLN fibers showed that it is very difficult to obtain crystals oriented along the a axis with the used technique. With regard to CBF, the viscosity of the liquid requires to determine the most appropriate couple pulling rate/capillary diameter to obtain transparent crystals. For BZBO, the yellow-red colour of the obtained fibres is probably a consequence of the presence of another phase richer in bismuth
BOUTSERRIT, AICHA. "Contribution a l'etude du systeme ternaire argent-antimoine-selenium. Diagramme de phases. Domaine vitreux. Proprietes electriques". Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066040.
Texto completoCOHEN, KAMIRA. "Contribution a l'etude du systeme ternaire cuivre-arsenic-selenium diagramme de phases. Domaine vitreux. Proprietes electriques". Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066530.
Texto completoEl, Mendoub El Bahloul. "Etude théorique du diagramme de phases liquide-vapeur par les équations intégrales : application aux fluides modèles". Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ014S/document.
Texto completoN this work we determined the liquid-vapour phase diagram from the integral equations method in the case of interaction potentials representing not only simple liquids, but also complex ones through the coarse-grain concept. We chose a new formulation of the integral equation of Sarkisov characterised by high thermodynamic self-consistency without adjustable parameter. The set of integral equations is solved numerically according to Labik et al. algorithm, while the derivatives of the correlation functions are computed in a formally exact way by a tangent linear method. Finally, the phase diagram is scanned resorting to a self-adapting method producing accurate determinations of both the spinodal and binodal lines as well as of the critical point. In a first stage, we built up and tested our approach in the cases of hard-spheres and Lennard-Jones fluids. Then, we studied structural and thermodynamic properties, as well as phase diagrams of two families of fluids: the first one interacting with hard-core Yukawa-type potentials and the second one with discrete potentials. In each case, our results were compared with simulation predictions available in the literature. We were also able to study the evolution of the phase diagram with the features of the potential, and we observed a liquid-liquid phase transition in a specific discrete potential fluid. Finally, we also studied some metallic systems whose effective potentials depend on the density
El, Mendoub El Bahloul Jakse Noël. "Etude théorique du diagramme de phases liquide-vapeur par les équations intégrales application aux fluides modèles /". Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2008/El_Mendoub.El_Bahloul.SMZ0814.pdf.
Texto completoMartin, Catherine. "Méthodes d'étude des microémulsions et étude de diagrammes pseudoternaires". Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P247.
Texto completoBahari, Zahra. "Contribution à l' étude du système ternaire Argent-Indium-Tellure : diagrammes de phases, étude structurale et propriétés physiques des phases ternaires". Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P603.
Texto completoMegy, Robert. "Diagramme de phases de deux composés antiferromagnétiques quasi-unidimensionnels : étude fine du point bicritique, effet des impuretés". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112189.
Texto completoMegy, Robert. "Diagramme de phases de deux composés antiferromagnétiques quasi-unidimensionnels étude fine du point bicritique, effet des impuretés /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607928x.
Texto completoDucher, Roland. "Contribution à l'étude du diagramme de phase ternaire Fe-Ti-Al et des équilibres Fe-TiAl". Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT005G.
Texto completoMezouar, Mohamed. "Etude du diagramme de phase de l'antimoniure d'indium INSB sous hautes pression et température". Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077056.
Texto completoMansori, Mohammed. "Diagramme de phases dans le systeme bi-pb-sr-ca-cu-o ; elaboration et caracterisation des phases supraconductrices ; physico-chimie des echanges phases condensees-gaz. Influence de la pression partielle d'oxygene sur les equilibres". Toulon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUL0017.
Texto completoSADI, FAYCAL-AMIROUCHE. "Contribution a l'etude du diagramme de phases du systeme al-nb-ti au voisinage des composes alnbti2 et al3nbti4". Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112097.
Texto completoFERHAT, ABDENBI. "Contribution a l'etude du systeme ternaire aggete. Diagramme de phases. Domaine vitreux : proprietes electriques et etude structurale par exafs". Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066658.
Texto completoQueyroux, Jean-Antoine. "Fusion, structure et diagramme de phases des glaces d’eau et d’ammoniac sous conditions extrêmes de pression et de température". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066514.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis is to explore melting curves, structures and phase diagrams of H2O and NH3 at high pressure and high temperature. Despite the several studies on these compounds, there are significant uncertainties in their phase diagrams. In this work, new experimental approaches of X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering resulted in new data on phase diagrams, melting and chemical stability of NH3 and H2O in a wide range of P-T (P<70 GPa, T<3000 K). For NH3, we have determined the melting curve up to 40 GPa and 2300 K. The melting temperature increases monotonically with pressure, contrary to a previous study but in accordance with theoretical predictions. We observe a chemical decomposition of NH3 into N2 and H2 at high temperature, the importance of this decomposition varies with pressure. Exploration of the phase diagram made it possible to constrain the position of the triple point NH3-III/superionic/fluid. We also present the first data on the evolution of the structure and density of NH3 liquid with variable pressure at 800 K. For H2O, we have determined the melting curve up to 45 GPa and 1500 K. We note a slope failure towards 15 GPa and a higher melting temperature than predicted by the extrapolation of the low pressure data, in better agreement with the "upper limit" of the melting curves of the literature. In addition, we observe indications of a phase transition beyond 25 GPa and 1000 K towards a cubic phase centred that is different of phase VII. The possibility of this phase being superionic is discussed
Queyroux, Jean-Antoine. "Fusion, structure et diagramme de phases des glaces d’eau et d’ammoniac sous conditions extrêmes de pression et de température". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066514.pdf.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis is to explore melting curves, structures and phase diagrams of H2O and NH3 at high pressure and high temperature. Despite the several studies on these compounds, there are significant uncertainties in their phase diagrams. In this work, new experimental approaches of X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering resulted in new data on phase diagrams, melting and chemical stability of NH3 and H2O in a wide range of P-T (P<70 GPa, T<3000 K). For NH3, we have determined the melting curve up to 40 GPa and 2300 K. The melting temperature increases monotonically with pressure, contrary to a previous study but in accordance with theoretical predictions. We observe a chemical decomposition of NH3 into N2 and H2 at high temperature, the importance of this decomposition varies with pressure. Exploration of the phase diagram made it possible to constrain the position of the triple point NH3-III/superionic/fluid. We also present the first data on the evolution of the structure and density of NH3 liquid with variable pressure at 800 K. For H2O, we have determined the melting curve up to 45 GPa and 1500 K. We note a slope failure towards 15 GPa and a higher melting temperature than predicted by the extrapolation of the low pressure data, in better agreement with the "upper limit" of the melting curves of the literature. In addition, we observe indications of a phase transition beyond 25 GPa and 1000 K towards a cubic phase centred that is different of phase VII. The possibility of this phase being superionic is discussed
Bonnet, Eric. "Multifragmentation de systèmes lourds : partitions et signaux de transition de phases". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121736.
Texto completoRouquette, Jérôme. "Etude structurale sous pression des matériaux perovskites de la famille des Pb(Zr1-xTix) O3 : Contribution à l'étude du diagramme de phases pression-température-composition". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20202.
Texto completoTrinite, Virginie. "Etude théorique des phases du titane". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00125834.
Texto completoBien que les fonctionnelles d'échanges et corrélation usuelles ne se soient pas révélées suffisamment précises pour décrire le diagrammes de phases du titane, elles sont satisfaisantes pour prédire des propriétés moins fines, comme les constantes élastiques. Toutefois, il est nécessaire que le volume d'équilibre prédit soit précis, car j'ai mis en évidence que ces propriétés dépendent fortement du volume
Manai, Mounir. "Etude des propriétés électriques et optiques de cristaux liquides présentant des phases smectiques chirales et les phases frustrées SmQ et L". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00810488.
Texto completoEL, MAZIANI FOUAD. "Etude experimentale par diffraction de neutrons et approches theoriques du diagramme de phases magnetiques du systeme intermetallique erge#1#-#xsi#x". Amiens, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AMIES012.
Texto completoChambrier, Marie-Hélène. "Analyse structurale au sein du diagramme de phase de La2O3-WO3 et exploration des propriétés de conduction ionique". Le Mans, 2009. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2009/2009LEMA1018.pdf.
Texto completoThe aim of this work deals with the structural exploration of the La2O3-WO3 phase diagram. Indeed, like many phase diagrams, La2O3-WO3 was built in the 70s, but definite compounds structures were not determined and are still unknown. This thesis focus on La2WO6, La18W10O57, La6W2O15 and La10W2O21. These compounds are synthesized as powder by solid state reaction and characterized by X-ray, neutron powder diffraction, gravimetric and differential thermal analysis, T. E. M. And 139La N. M. R. . The structure of the low temperature form named ß-La2WO6 has been determined from laboratory X-ray diffractometer, neutron (T. O. F) and electronic diffraction data. This tungstate crystallizes in a non-centrosymetric orthorhombic space group (n°19) P212121 Z = 8, a = 7,5196(1) Å, b = 10,3476(1) Å, c = 12,7944(2) Å. La18W10O57 which presents 52. 65 WO3 mol% in the binary system La2O3-WO3 in place of the previous reported compound: La14W8O45 53. 3 WO3 mol%. The structure has been determined from synchrotron and laboratory X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction data. This tungstate crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric hexagonal space group (n°190) P-62c , with Z = 2, a = 9. 0448(1)Å, c= 32. 6846(3)Å. This compound presents a sub cell c’=c/6= 5. 45Å. Polytypism have been observed concerning this compound by transmission electronic microscopy, ionic conductivity and thermal expansion have been explored. For the 3 allotropic La6W2O15 forms, a structural relation have been established. The a and ß form are solved. The crystal structure of La10W2O21, which has to be reformulated (La5. 667W0. 333)LaWO14??2, is best described, on average, by a 2 x 2 x 2 anion-deficient fluorite-related superstructure cubic cell, space group F 4 3m, Z = 4, a = 11. 17932(6) Å. The La/W mixed site is nicely confirmed by 139La NMR. This compound exibits an interesting fast oxide-ion conducting properties, comparable with LAMOX at low temperature. Different from many ionics conductors, we don’t notice any temperature structural transition. Its conductivity is about 6. 4×10-4 S. Cm-1 at 700°C
Rahmane, Mohamed. "Extension du programme d'optimisation des grandeurs thermodynamiques des systèmes binaires : application aux alliages de calcium (CA,AL), (CA,NI), (CA,PB), (CA,BI), de Hafnium (HF,CO), (HF,NI) et aux systèmes (TI,C) et (MO,GA)". Nancy 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN10162.
Texto completoZoro, Elogne. "Contribution à l'élaboration de nouveaux matériaux de soudure sans plomb : étude expérimentale et évaluation thermodynamique des systèmes ternaires Ag-Au-Bi/Sb". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112271.
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