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McMaster, Don. "Detention, deterrence, discrimination : Australian refugee policy /". Title page, abstract and contents only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm167.pdf.
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Frank, Heather M. "Evaluating the effectiveness of an anger management program in a detention facility /". View online ; access limited to URI, 2007. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3225317.
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Yu, Ping. "Administrative model v. adjudication model : the impact of administrative detention in the criminal process of the People's Republic of China /". Thesis, online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 2006. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3224316.
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Kaguongo, Waruguru. "Prisoners' rights: the role of national human rights institutions in Africa". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/991.
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"This dissertation seeks to investigate: (a) whether national human rights institutions are best suited to oversee the improvement of prison conditions; (b) why national institutions are in a better position than others working in this field to monitor the respect of prisoners' rights; and (c) some of the ways in which national institutions can achieve this objective. This will entail an examination of the nature of prisoners' rights and prison conditions and, thereafter, the general character and elements that define national human rights commissions in terms of organization and establishment. These elements will be considered with a view to finding out whether they offer any advantages that can positively influence the conditions of prisons and prisoners and if so, how. It is recognized that national institutions are not the only ones involved in seeking to improve prison conditions. It will be argued however, that even with the existence of the other bodies, there still exists the need for national institutions to be expressly mandated to inspect and monitor the adherence to standards on prisoners' rights. The argument will again be based on the examination of the unique characteristics that these institutions possess as distinguished from other bodies, and the potential these characteristics have to ameliorate the conditions in which prisoners find themselves. ... Chapter one introduces the study and the questions that have prompted the study. Chapter two looks at the nature of pisons, how they began to be and what purposes they serve. This chapter also examines the conditions of prisons in Africa. The scope of chapter three is prisoners' rights, what they are, their justification and the legal regime that regulates their observance. Chapter four focuses on the implementation aspect by looking into what national human rights instiutions are. The final chapter will examine how national institutions have utilized or might utilize their characteristics in favor of the protection of the human rights of prisoners. Conclusions and recommendations will then follow." -- Chapter 1.Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Jean Allain at the Political Science Department, American University in Cairo, Egypt
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2003.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Cheng, Jinhua. "A threefold legal campaign : the central state, local bureaucracies, and social forces relating to the Sun Zhigang case /". View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202005%20CHENGJ.
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Perry, Katherine Nicole. "Detesting brutality British Parliament and the method of detention during the state of emergency in Kenya, 1952-1960 /". View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-3/rp/perryk/katherineperry.pdf.
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Iakobishvili, Ekaterine. "Exploring the applicability and limitations of international human rights law to the protection of transgender persons : a case study on detention". Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/21964/.
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This thesis explores and analyses the applicability and limitations of human rights law as it applies to transgender persons. As such limitations are most evident in a strictly sex segregated spaces, the thesis proposes a case study on detention to illustrate potential conflict between the binary models of the sexes, gender fluidity and application of international human rights law to those with transgender or non-binary gender identity. For this, the thesis reviews international human rights law sources, queer theory literature and transgender and non-binary gender studies. This research examines the issues of transgender and non-binary identities and their recognition in law, including developments in international human rights law and the recognition of transgender identities in human rights instruments. The thesis considers issues such as underlying principles of human rights, and substantive rights applicable to transgender persons while surveying the national jurisprudences to assemble and fully examine the available models of transgender recognition in law. The case study on detention analyzes the lived experiences of transgender prisoners and their life stories. It examines the international standards on the treatment of transgender prisoners and their human rights. The scope and applicable framework of protection is also discussed, considering the tension between binary nature of prisons and transgender persons’ non-binary gender. Overall, this thesis initiates a discussion about the binary/non-binary dichotomy in the prison context and asks a series of questions as to how transgender and non-binary gender identities can be accommodated in the prison context. It concludes with a number of recommendations for a deeper understanding of sex/gender and prison dichotomy both in theory and practice. The thesis also offers practical recommendations to international human rights mechanisms to provide specific guidelines on the application of human rights law to transgender and other non-binary gender prisoners.
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Davies, Evan. "Mandatory detention for asylum seekers in Australia : an evaluation of liberal criticism". University of Western Australia. Political Science and International Relations Discipline Group, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0202.
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This thesis evaluates the policy of mandatory detention for asylum seekers maintained by successive Australian governments against several core liberal principles. These principles are derived from various accounts of liberal political thought and the major themes and criticisms inherent in the public debate over the policy. The justifications of the policy given by the Australian government and the criticisms enunciated by scholars, refugee advocates and non-government organisations with respect to the policy strongly correspond with the core liberal principles of fairness, protecting the rights of the individual, accountability and proportionality. The claims of the critics converge on a central point of contention: that the mandatory detention of asylum seekers violates core liberal principles. To ascertain the extent to which the claims of the critics can be supported, the thesis selectively draws on liberal political theory to provide a framework for the analysis of the policy against these liberal principles, a basis for inquiry largely neglected by contributors to the literature. This thesis argues that, on balance, the mandatory detention policy employed by successive Australian governments violates core liberal principles. The claims of the critics are weakened, but by no means discredited, by the importance of the government's maintenance of strong border control. In the main, however, criticisms made by opponents of the policy can be supported. This thesis contributes to the substantial body of literature on the mandatory detention policy by shedding light on how liberal principles may be applicable to the mandatory detention policy. Further, it aims to contribute to an enriched understanding of the Australian government's competence to detain asylum seekers.
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Skinner, Donald. "Factors caregivers believe helped their preschool children to cope with a parent's detention and subsequent events : a study from the Western Cape". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14324.
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Bibliography: leaves 43-46.An exploratory study of factors that caregivers felt helped their child, in preschool at the time of the detention, to cope with a parent's detention was conducted. It is part of a broader study looking at the consequences for these children of the parent's detention. Semi-structured, depth interviews were conducted with the prime caregivers of the child, in 1986 and then a follow-up study was done in 1988. The original sample contained 19 subjects between the ages of two and six years, from a range of contexts. In the follow-up study 13 caregivers were re-interviewed. The research was done in cooperation with community groups who provided the contacts and gave direction. Caregivers reported a wide range of factors which they felt assisted coping, with varying levels of success. Results are reported in brief before a more detailed discussion is entered into, including case reports. The most commonly cited factor was the availability and use of social support and support structures, which appeared to be extensive in most cases. Family centered coping strategies were reported to be important where they were applied, particularly if the family was able to sit down as a whole and address the problems it faced. Politically centered strategies were also used. The focus in these was on obtaining information on detention so as to make sense of the situation and the use of political structures to give vent to emotions. Other aspects of coping not covered by the above areas include strategies such as keeping a regular routine. As was found in the 1986 study (Skinner and Swartz,L., 1989), security of life following the detention was found to be important in assisting the child to come to terms with the previous stressor.
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Tannam, Gerard Desmond. "The police and their dealings with mentally-abnormal persons". Thesis, [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13302632.
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Santos, Valdirene Ferreira [UNESP]. "Sobre a imigração ilegal na Europa e os espaços de exceção: o caso dos centros de internamento para estrangeiros na Espanha". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/116064.
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Este trabalho analisa a política de criminalização da imigração irregular dentro do espaço político e social da União Europeia (UE) a partir dos anos 1990, focando a atenção nos centros de detenção especializados para imigrantes ilegais. Discute-se a crescente proliferação desses espaços de confinamento nos países europeus, no contexto de crise do Estado de Bem Estar Social, como uma construção de resposta política securitária às novas formas de marginalidade geradas pelo capitalismo tardio na era da globalização. Nessa perspectiva, procurou-se investigar o papel que os centros de detenção desempenham no âmbito de um conjunto de medidas de exceção contra os imigrantes indocumentados e irregulares, as quais limitam e obstruem o acesso dos não cidadãos europeus mais pobres aos direitos humanos fundamentais, como o direito de ir e vir, e aos serviços sociais oferecidos à população das sociedades de destino. Para explicar o sentido dessa política de exclusão de direitos, e inserção das categorias de imigrantes, consideradas ilegais, no conjunto de dispositivos de controle governamental em regime fechado, centrou-se atenção no estudo de caso dos Centros de Internamento para Estrangeiros na Espanha, como um exemplo dos espaços de exceção que são instituídos pela política de transformação do modelo de Estado-Providência em um paradigma político de Estado penal e carcerário. Em termos metodológicos, além de uma revisão bibliográfica de textos especializados, realizou-se uma análise de documentos referentes à legislação da UE e à legislação da Espanha, acerca da regulamentação da política migratória levada a cabo pelos países desse bloco político e econômico, e do Estado espanhol, em particular, nas últimas décadas. Na etapa da análise documental, ainda explorou-se, de forma exaustiva, relatórios e estudos de organizações não-governamentais, bem como pareceres da ...
This paper analyzes the policy of criminalization of irregular migration within the political and social space of the European Union (UE) from the 1990s, focusing attention in specialized centres of detention for illegal immigrants. Discusses the growing proliferation of these spaces confinement in European countries, in the context of crisis the State Social Welfare, as a construction of a security policy response to the new forms of marginality generated by late capitalism in the age of globalization. On this perspective, we sought to investigate the role that the detention centers exercise within a set of emergency measures against undocumented and irregular migrants, which restrict and obstruct the access of non-Europeans poorest fundamental human rights, as the right to come and go, and social services offered to the population of the societies of destination. To explain the meaning of this policy of exclusion rights, and inclusion of categories of immigrants, considered illegal in the whole of government devices of control in a closed system, focused attention on the case study of Internment Centres for Foreigners in Spain as an example of spaces of exception that are imposed by the transformation of the welfare state model in a political paradigm of state penal and correctional policy. In methodological terms, further a bibliographic review of specialized texts, we held an analysis of documents relative to legislation of UE and the legislation of Spain, about the regulation of migration policy pursued by countries that political and economic bloc, and of Spanish state, in particularly, in recent decades. In step of document analysis, still explored exhaustively, reports and studies of non-governmental organizations, as well as reports of the United Nations (UN) and the European Parliament, with the intention of to obtain data and identify standpoint of ...
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Santos, Valdirene Ferreira. "Sobre a imigração ilegal na Europa e os espaços de exceção : o caso dos centros de internamento para estrangeiros na Espanha /". Araraquara, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/116064.
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Orientador: João Carlos Soares ZuinBanca: Renata Medeiros Paoliello
Banca: Ígor José de Renó Machado
Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a política de criminalização da imigração irregular dentro do espaço político e social da União Europeia (UE) a partir dos anos 1990, focando a atenção nos centros de detenção especializados para imigrantes ilegais. Discute-se a crescente proliferação desses espaços de confinamento nos países europeus, no contexto de crise do Estado de Bem Estar Social, como uma construção de resposta política securitária às novas formas de marginalidade geradas pelo capitalismo tardio na era da globalização. Nessa perspectiva, procurou-se investigar o papel que os centros de detenção desempenham no âmbito de um conjunto de medidas de exceção contra os imigrantes indocumentados e irregulares, as quais limitam e obstruem o acesso dos não cidadãos europeus mais pobres aos direitos humanos fundamentais, como o direito de ir e vir, e aos serviços sociais oferecidos à população das sociedades de destino. Para explicar o sentido dessa política de exclusão de direitos, e inserção das categorias de imigrantes, consideradas ilegais, no conjunto de dispositivos de controle governamental em regime fechado, centrou-se atenção no estudo de caso dos Centros de Internamento para Estrangeiros na Espanha, como um exemplo dos espaços de exceção que são instituídos pela política de transformação do modelo de Estado-Providência em um paradigma político de Estado penal e carcerário. Em termos metodológicos, além de uma revisão bibliográfica de textos especializados, realizou-se uma análise de documentos referentes à legislação da UE e à legislação da Espanha, acerca da regulamentação da política migratória levada a cabo pelos países desse bloco político e econômico, e do Estado espanhol, em particular, nas últimas décadas. Na etapa da análise documental, ainda explorou-se, de forma exaustiva, relatórios e estudos de organizações não-governamentais, bem como pareceres da ...
Abstract: This paper analyzes the policy of criminalization of irregular migration within the political and social space of the European Union (UE) from the 1990s, focusing attention in specialized centres of detention for illegal immigrants. Discusses the growing proliferation of these spaces confinement in European countries, in the context of crisis the State Social Welfare, as a construction of a security policy response to the new forms of marginality generated by late capitalism in the age of globalization. On this perspective, we sought to investigate the role that the detention centers exercise within a set of emergency measures against undocumented and irregular migrants, which restrict and obstruct the access of non-Europeans poorest fundamental human rights, as the right to come and go, and social services offered to the population of the societies of destination. To explain the meaning of this policy of exclusion rights, and inclusion of categories of immigrants, considered illegal in the whole of government devices of control in a closed system, focused attention on the case study of Internment Centres for Foreigners in Spain as an example of spaces of exception that are imposed by the transformation of the welfare state model in a political paradigm of state penal and correctional policy. In methodological terms, further a bibliographic review of specialized texts, we held an analysis of documents relative to legislation of UE and the legislation of Spain, about the regulation of migration policy pursued by countries that political and economic bloc, and of Spanish state, in particularly, in recent decades. In step of document analysis, still explored exhaustively, reports and studies of non-governmental organizations, as well as reports of the United Nations (UN) and the European Parliament, with the intention of to obtain data and identify standpoint of ...
Mestre
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Malavaux, Claire. "Cultivating indifference : an anthropological analysis of Australia's policy of mandatory detention, its rhetoric, practices and bureaucratic enactment". University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0120.
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This thesis is based on a particular domain of anthropological inquiry, the anthropology of policy, which proposes that policy be contemplated as an ethnographic object itself. The policy I consider is Australia's refugee policy, which advocates the mandatory detention of
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Makasana, Velile. "The onus of proof and presumption of innocence in South African bail jurisprudence". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020911.
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The South African criminal justice process is such that there is an inevitable lapse of time between the arrest of the offender and his or her subsequent trial. The pre-trial incarceration presents a special problem. Between the arrest of the accused and release, the accused is being deprived of his or her liberty in circumstances where no court of law has pronounced him or her guilty. The right to bail is well entrenched in South African criminal justice system both in the Constitution Act and Criminal Procedure Act. Bail is always in the form of contract between the State and the accused, even though at times it may be opposed by the State. In the past the legal position based on the case law was that the presumption of innocence in bail proceedings operated in favour of the applicant even where it was said that there was a strong prima facie case against him or her. This position has slightly changed in that the courts in bail applications are not concerned with guilt, but that of possible guilt only to the extent that it may bear on where the interests of justice lie in regard to bail. The onus of proof in bail applications, other than Schedule 5 and 6 offences is borne by the State. Where Schedule 5 or 6 is applicable the onus is on the applicant. There are different requirements between schedule 5 and 6 that must be met by the applicant before release on bail is granted. In Schedule 5 offences the bail applicant must satisfy the court that the interests of justice permit his or her release. In determining whether the interests of justice permit the release of a particular applicant on bail, the courts are guided by the provisions of section 60(4) to (9) inclusive of section (11B)(c) of the Criminal Procedure Act. In such determination the courts must also take into account of section 60(60)(a) to (g) of the Criminal Procedure Act. In Schedule 6 offences there are two requirements namely: the exceptional circumstances and the interests of justice. The term “exceptional circumstances” does not have a closed definition. Both requirements must be established by means of written or oral evidence to the satisfaction of the court before bail may be granted. As pointed out above, the State may still oppose the release on bail of the applicant. It is now accepted in bail applications that ordinary circumstances may in particular context be blended with exceptional or unusual elements. In such cases the court is expected to apply its independent evaluation of evidence in order to determine whether the exceptional circumstances in the interests of justice permit the release on bail. Similarly to the South African bail jurisprudence the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court recognises a right of the arrested person to apply for the interim release. It also recognises the need to establish exceptional circumstances for such release. The South African bail jurisprudence recognises the right to bail, and places reasonable and procedural limitations founded on the constitutional values and interests of justice. There are still practical challenges that need to be addressed as a results of the stringent requirements in section 60(11)(a) and (b) of the Criminal Procedure Act that relate to Schedule 5 and 6. It is therefore recommended that there is a need for the following: 1. Legislative intervention that will regulate and limit the time spent on investigations where bail has been refused. 2. Legislative intervention that will provide for an automatic review procedures in Schedule 5 or 6 offences where bail is refused on grounds that the interests of justice do not permit the release of the applicant on bail or for failure to prove exceptional circumstances. It is submitted that this may assist in reducing refusals of bail based on mistaken understanding of the law or facts or irregularities that may be prejudicial to the applicant or the administration of justice; or 3. Legislative intervention that will make it mandatory for a court that refuses to grant bail to reconsider its decision after a certain period in future provided that the trial has not been commenced with, in order to determine whether further incarceration is necessary or proportionate to the offence. It is submitted that this may assist the court to enquire into unreasonable delays on investigations or changed circumstances of the applicant in order to enable the court to reconsider its previous decision if necessary. This may further assist in offences where it is foreseeable that the trial court is likely to pass a partly or wholly suspended sentence in case of conviction. For example some cases fall within the scope of Schedule 5 by virtue of a previous conviction on Schedule 1 or release on bail on a Schedule 1 offence. The above recommendations may directly or indirectly contribute in balancing the scales of justice during the bail proceedings and its aftermath. These may contribute to the reduction of high numbers of the in custody awaiting trial prisoners while not compromising the current bail procedures.
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Duffy, Maureen T. "The U.S. immigration detentions in the war on terror : impact on the rule of law". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82658.
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The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, resulted in dramatic legal changes in the U.S. As part of its investigation into the attacks, the U.S. Government detained approximately 5,000 "aliens" from predominantly Muslim countries. These detentions were characterized by minimal, and sometimes non-existent, habeas corpus and due-process protections. During times of crisis, care should be taken that panic not be allowed to prevail over long-cherished constitutional values. This thesis examines Government actions in light of constitutional principles to examine the larger question of whether the War on Terror detention practices have permanently undermined the rule of law in the U.S.The factual and legal scenarios in this area have been changing at a rapid rate, and they will certainly continue to change. Those constant changes have presented a special challenge in writing this thesis. The facts and legal scenarios described herein, therefore, are current as of January 31, 2005.
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Askam, Richard. "Memory, truth and justice: A contextualisation of the uses of photographs of the victims of state terrorism in Argentina, 1972-2012: Communicating an intersection of art, politics and history". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1339.
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Photographs of the victims of Argentine state terrorism from 1972 to 1983, and most prominently those of the detained-disappeared victims of the Proceso de Reorganización Nacional dictatorship (1976-1983), have had a significant role in elucidating the demands of human rights activists since the aftermath of the Trelew Massacre in 1972. In this thesis I examine the role of photographs of victims of state terrorism in the construction of unofficial, or counter, narratives critical of those produced by two dictatorships and by elected democratic administrations in the demand for truth and justice, and in the construction of social memory. I discuss how the photographs have operated during distinct historical periods and the threads that have emerged in response to the longer timeframe of state terrorism (1972-1983), in terms of what sociologist Daniel Feierstein (2011) calls explanatory frameworks. Feierstein’s term looks at how state terrorism has been approached in distinct political periods. Those explanations include war and genocide
In order to answer the questions; how do bodies of photographs articulate and at times drive political and social debates regarding state repression in Argentina, and how are they used to frame an understanding of state violence during changing political conditions?, the study embeds the use of photographs by artists and activists within an extensive historical narrative constructed from the data retrieved from a number of key publications from the 1970s and 1980s and archival documents and photographs held by human rights organisations in Argentina.
The study addresses significant gaps in existing scholarship. Much existing literature focuses on the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo’s use of photographs of the detained-disappeared victims of the Proceso de Reorganización Nacional during that dictatorship. These analyses are dominated by the application of Barthesian photographic theory that rests on photography’s capacity to simultaneously represent absence and presence (Barthes, 1981; Longoni, 2010; Tandeciarz, 2006; Taylor, 2002). That period is one significant part of a longitudinal campaign conducted in Argentina from 1972. This thesis furthers the discussion, particularly in the examination of the continued use of photographs by one of the two factions of the organisation; the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo: Founding Line, following the organisation’s 1986 split, and by an examination of the role of a small number of photographs of victims taken in a Clandestine Detention Centre (CDC).
From the Proceso the use of photographs has been informed by the imposition of limits with respect to information on the fate of victims and by the demand for information on the victims. The small number of state produced photographs or repressive photographs (Sekula, 1986) emerged into the public realm in 1984 and formed part of the records produced for all victims held in Clandestine Detention Centres.
Allan Sekula’s honorific and repressive photographic poles underpins my analysis of the importance of photographs during distinct political periods and their uses in art works, the legal arena, and in demonstrations. I examine how those repressive and honorific (Sekula, 1986) and disciplinary photographs (Tandeciarz, 2006) which originated in the family realm or non repressive state agencies have underpinned the pursuit of truth and justice. Only through an extensive examination do core aspects of the uses of photographs of victims of state terrorism emerge with clarity.
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Kilian, Clive Linton. "The status of the Al Qaeda and Taliban detainees at Guantanamo bay". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/826.
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The United States of America has in its custody several hundred Taliban and Al Qaeda combatants who were captured after the September 11, 2001 attack and during the war in Afghanistan. These prisoners are incarcerated at the Guantanamo naval base in Cuba. The treatment given to these detainees has elicited widespread criticism, as well as unprecedented intellectual and legal debates regarding prisoners of war. In order to fully understand the position of the Guantanamo Bay detainees, one has to be aware of the origins of the prisoner-of-war phenomenon. From biblical times, through the countless conflicts that were waged across the globe through the ages, the concept of “prisoner of war” gradually evolved. Growing concern for the plight of prisoners of war was paralleled by the development of the laws of war, which sought to regulate the conduct of combatants during an armed conflict. The laws of war that have bearing on modern day States are those documented in the Geneva Conventions. The Geneva Conventions regulate armed conflicts and set out the requirements for prisoners of war, as well as their trial rights. The United States, in declaring the Guantanamo Bay detainees “unlawful combatants” or “illegal enemy combatants”, terms which are undefined in International Law, have sought to evade the prescripts of the Geneva Conventions. In direct contravention of the Geneva Conventions, the Guantanamo Bay detainees are denied the right to humane treatment, a fair trial and due process of the law. Prior to Hamdan vs Rumsfeld, the United States’ position was challenged with very little success. The Supreme Court, in Hamdan vs Rumsfeld, directed the president to accord the detainees the protections of the Third Geneva Convention. The relief brought by this decision was very short lived. In September 2006 the United States Congress passed the Military Commissions Act of 2006. This Bill gives the president of the United States unfettered power in dealing with anyone suspected of being a threat to the State, as well as the authorisation to interpret and apply the Geneva Conventions according to his sole discretion.
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Soberanis, Solís Laura Marina. "La configuración constitucional de la detención preventiva como límite especifico al derecho a la libertad personal. Sus consecuencias e incidencia sobre otros derechos fundamentales". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457895.
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Esta Tesis Doctoral analiza la detención preventiva y los derechos fundamentales con los que ésta se relaciona, en ambos casos considerándolos como instituciones jurídicas de origen ius fundamental. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se tuvo en cuenta, ex arts. 10 y 93 CE, la integración –diferenciada—de distintos sistemas de derechos fundamentales: el de la Constitución, el que nace a partir del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos, el derivado de la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea y el Universal de Derechos Humanos; por tal razón, el método de análisis utilizado permitió la construcción del referente constitucional de cada una de las instituciones abordadas a partir de su previsión en: 1) el texto constitucional y su interpretación a cargo del Tribunal Constitucional, 2) el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos interpretado por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, 3) la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea y la interpretación realizada por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y, de manera complementaria, las previsiones del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos y su órgano de vigilancia. En consecuencia, esta Tesis Doctoral descansa principalmente en la doctrina jurisprudencial de los órganos jurisdiccionales previamente mencionados, buscando su sistematización y armonización y, de manera complementaria, se apoya en bibliografía especializada. El trabajo se estructura en cuatro capítulos: El primero se aboca al análisis de la configuración constitucional de la detención a partir de la identificación y estudio de los elementos que la perfilan como institución jurídica constitucional (estructura, finalidad, presupuesto habilitante, contenido, titularidad, ejercicio y límites), los cuales permiten comprender su justificación, naturaleza y eventuales consecuencias. En el segundo se identifican y estudian los derechos fundamentales que deberían asegurarse a toda persona detenida, también se identifican los elementos que delinean el perfil de cada uno de los derechos-garantía (marco constitucional, estructura, función, presupuesto habilitante, contenido, titularidad, ejercicio y límites) para determinar sus alcances, finalidad y trascendencia durante el íter de la detención. En el tercero se analizan las restricciones que con motivo o en el marco de la detención preventiva pueden padecer, al margen de la libertad personal, otros derechos tales como los derechos a la integridad física y moral, a la intimidad personal y al secreto de las comunicaciones, a fin de determinar que afectaciones pueden resultar constitucionalmente válidas o no. En el cuarto se estudian las excepciones que puede haber al régimen general de la Detención Preventiva, sea con motivo de una suspensión general de derechos –art. 55.1 CE— o sea con motivo de la suspensión individual de derechos para el caso de investigaciones correspondientes a la actuación de bandas armadas o elementos terroristas –art. 55.2 CE—.This Doctoral Thesis analyses the preventive detention and those fundamental rights which it is related to, in any case considered as legal institutions on an ius fundamental basis. The research was carried out ex arts. 10 and 93 SC, taking account of the integration of different systems of fundamental rights: the one stablished by the Constitution, the one arising from the European Convention on Human Rights, the one emerging from the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the one identified as Universal System of Human Rights. On account of this, the method of analysis allowed the construction of the constitutional reference of each of the abovementioned legal institutions, considering: 1) The constitutional provisions and its interpretation by the Constitutional Court of Spain, 2) The European Convention on Human Rights as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights, 3) The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and its interpretation by the Court of Justice of the European Union, and to complement the above, the International Civil and Political Rights Covenant provisions and some of its relevant interpretations. Therefore, this Doctoral Thesis mainly relies on jurisprudential doctrine of the Courts previously referred, seeking to systematise and harmonise it and, as a complement, some specialised bibliography was also used. The Thesis is structured in four chapters: Chapter one discusses the constitutional configuration of preventive detention from the identification and study of the elements shaping it as a constitutional legal institution (structure, purpose, enabling conditions, content, entitlement, exercise and limitations), which allow to understand its justification, nature and potential consequences. The second chapter identifies and scrutinises those fundamental rights which should be guaranteed to every arrested person, furthermore the elements outlining the profile of each of the guarantee-rights are identified (constitutional framework, structure, function, enabling conditions, content, entitlement, exercise and limits) determining the concrete scope, purpose and significance of every right during the detention period. The third chapter analyses possible restrictions on the right to physical and mental integrity, the right to private life and the right to privacy of communications, either by reason or in the context of preventive detention, in order to distinguish between affectations suffered during detention which could have constitutional acceptance and the ones going beyond the constitutional limits. The fourth chapter examines possible exceptions to the ordinary regime of preventive detention, either due to the general suspension of rights –art. 55.1 SC— or on the occasion of the individual suspension of rights in case of investigations related to activities of armed bands or terrorist elements –art. 55.2 SC—.
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Vant, Megan. "In Legal Limbo? The status and rights of detainees from the 2001 war in Afghanistan". The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2448.
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During the 2001 war in Afghanistan hundreds of people associated with the Taliban or al Qaeda were arrested by United States forces and transported to the Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. The legal status and treatment of these detainees has been an ongoing problem over the last five years. The majority have been given no recourse to justice and allegations of inhuman treatment and torture have been frequent. The first issue raised by the incarceration of these people is whether any of them may be entitled to Prisoner of War status. The evidence shows that, in general, the Taliban and al-Qaeda fighters were not lawful combatants, and hence they are not entitled to Prisoner of War status. While the rights of Prisoners of War are well documented and generally uncontested, the rights of people not entitled to Prisoner of War status are not so easily definable. Despite classification as unlawful or unprivileged combatants, the detainees are not in legal limbo - they are still entitled to the benefit of certain fundamental human rights. There are applicable protections under the Fourth Geneva Convention, Additional Protocol I, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the United Nations Convention Against Torture. The main rights upheld by these documents are the right to liberty and freedom from arbitrary detention; the right to a fair trial; and the right to life. Furthermore, there is a requirement of humane treatment and an absolute prohibition on torture. Reports from international humanitarian watchdogs such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch suggest that the United States Government is not upholding the rights held by the detainees. It is essential that the United States Government recognises the fundamental rights owed to the detainees and ensures that they receive the requisite treatment and access to justice.
20
Garcia, Fernanda Di Flora 1986. "Sobre os centros de permanência temporária na Itália e a construção social da não-pessoa". [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279005.
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Orientadores: Maria Lygia Quartim de Moraes, João Carlos Soares ZuinDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T17:04:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garcia_FernandaDiFlora_M.pdf: 1527594 bytes, checksum: 0fb8462a4b390edbcf3dbf76730c13f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Desde o início da década de 1990, os países-membros da União Européia tem se movido em direção a políticas e leis de imigração cada vez mais repressivas, punitivas e de amplo caráter discriminatório. A intensificação desta política bem como a militarização progressiva de suas fronteiras tem construído o fenômeno político denominado fortaleza Europa, constituído por muros reais e virtuais, pela vigilância constante tanto dos limites territoriais como do próprio espaço público e pelas práticas sancionadas pelos Estados de estigmatização dos imigrantes, refugiados e solicitantes de asilo com base em sua origem cultural, fenótipo e etnia. Neste contexto, o Estado italiano aparece como um caso exemplar desta nova política, pautada pela ótica da emergência, da exclusão de todos os seres considerados indesejáveis e pelo racismo de ordem cultural, que concebe o estrangeiro como incapaz de se adaptar aos valores ocidentais, sobretudo aos valores italianos. Esta dissertação tem como objeto a política italiana para imigração, cujo pilar principal é constituído pela instauração dos Centros de Permanência Temporária, espaço de exceção nos quais são confinados os imigrantes ilegais, refugiados e solicitantes de asilo, e nos quais se efetua a espoliação do estatuto jurídico destes seres, convertendo-os em não-pessoas. Nesse sentido, a análise destes espaços e da política que os criou pode ser capaz de revelar o sentido da reaplicação de esquemas racistas na configuração das relações sociais,bem como o lugar ocupado pelo paradigma da segurança e da exceção, nos quais se pautam diversos Estados europeus e que redefinem a política na atualidade
Abstract: Since the early 1990s, member states of the European Union (EU) have moved toward policies and immigration laws increasingly repressive, punitive and discriminatory. The intensification of these policies and the gradual militarization of EU's borders have built a political phenomenon called Fortress Europe, which consists of real and virtual walls, constant surveillance by both the territorial limits and the very public space and practices sanctioned by the States of stigmatization of immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers based on their cultural background, ethnicity and phenotype. In this context, the Italian State appears as a striking example of this new policy, guided by the optics of emergency, the exclusion of all beings that are considered undesirable, and by cultural racism that sees the foreigner as unable to adapt to Western values, especially Italian values. This thesis aims at Italian immigration policy, which main point is the establishment of Temporary Stay and Assistance Centers. These centers are states of exception in which illegal immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers are confined to, their legal status is spoiled, and thus, they are turned into non-persons. In this sense, the analysis of these states and the politics that created them may reveal the meaning of racist reapplication regimens in the social relations set, and the place occupied by the security and exception paradigm, in which several European States are governed redefining the political scene today
Mestrado
Sociologia
Mestre em Sociologia
21
Yoon, Jangho Domino Marisa E. "The effects of reductions in public psychiatric hospital beds on crime, arrests, and jail detentions of severely mentally ill persons". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1266.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 26, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health." Discipline: Health Policy and Administration; Department/School: Public Health.
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Pytash, Kristine e. "“PAPER DOESN’T JUDGE YOU”: THE LITERACY PRACTICES OF THREE GIRLS WHO ATTENDED AN ALTERNATIVE SCHOOL". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1256834821.
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Francois, Anne. "Exploiter terres et populations conquises au nom du national-socialisme : l'Ostland dans les Ardennes pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC030/document.
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En mai 1940, la population ardennaise fuit devant l’arrivée des troupes allemandes. Les ressources économiques et agricoles du département, qui faisaient pourtant l’objet de plans d’évacuation préparés dès les années 1930, sont abandonnées à l’occupant. Quelques semaines plus tard, une vaste zone du nord-est de la France, dont les Ardennes font partie, est déclarée « zone interdite ». Les terres cultivables sont confisquées à leurs propriétaires et prises en charge au profit du Reich par une entreprise appelée Ostland, qui a déjà orchestré un semblable mouvement de spoliation en Pologne depuis son invasion. L’une de ses filiales régionales, la WOL III, met en place dans les Ardennes un vaste projet d’implantation des méthodes agricoles nationales-socialistes qui nécessite une abondante main-d’œuvre. Des agriculteurs allemands, appelés « chefs de culture » sont diligentés sur place et gèrent de grandes exploitations dans lesquelles travaillent plusieurs milliers de prisonniers français et coloniaux ainsi que 5 000 agriculteurs ardennais contraints à se mettre à leur service. Des ouvriers juifs sont également recrutés et des milliers de Polonais, expulsés de leurs villages, sont déportés pour travailler dans ces fermes qui exercent une agriculture intensive. Cette situation engendre des tensions sociales qui s’expriment particulièrement lors de la Libération et lors de procès d’épuration qui visent certains employés de l’Ostland. Les autorités françaises tentent de gérer au mieux la liquidation de l’entreprise allemande et l’organisation du rapatriement des Polonais dans leur pays, deux opérations difficiles qui nécessitent de longs mois. La reconnaissance des victimes de l’Ostland est inégale et tardive puisqu’elle n’intervient qu’à partir des années 1990. Des mémoires distinctes et spécifiques aux différents groupes de travailleurs émergent aussi à cette époque et s’expriment lors de commémorationsIn May 1940, the population of the Ardennes fled from the arrival of the German troops. The economic and agricultural ressources of the department, which yet had been subject to evacuation plans since the thirties, were given up to the occupying forces. A few weeks later, a large area of the North-East of France including the Ardennes was declared « forbidden zone ». The cultivable land was confiscated from its owners and taken over for the benefit of the Reich by a company named Ostland, which had already orchestrated a similar spoliation movement in Poland since its invasion. One of its local subsidiaries, WOL III , set up in the Ardennes a vast project to implement the National Socialist agricultural methods which required an abundant workforce. Some German farmers, called crop managers, were sent out there to run large farms on which several thousands of French and colonial prisoners as well as 5000 Ardennes farmers were working under duress. Jewish labourers were also recruited and thousands of Poles, expelled from their villages, were deported to work on these farms with intensive agriculture. This situation caused social tensions that were particuliarly evident during the Liberation and during the « purification » trials involving some WOL employees. French authorities tried to manage the liquidation of the German company and the organisation of the repatriation of the Poles, two difficult operations that took many months to complete. Recognition of Ostland victims was uneven and late since it occurred only from the 1990s onwards. Distinct memories specific to the different groups of workers also emerged at that time and were expressed during commemorations
24
Sereda, V. O. "Current situation and prospects of enforcement by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) for the rights of foreign citizens". Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53539.
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Purpose: to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state and practice of consideration of cases
concerning the rights of foreign citizens and stateless persons by the European Court of Human Rights
(ECHR). Discussion: the key cases brought against foreigners and stateless persons in the European
Court of Human Rights are covered, international legal acts defining the rights of foreigners at the local
level are considered, ECHR judgments on foreigners are analyzed in detail and eligibility criteria are
determined for each of the main cases.Мета: провести комплексний аналіз сучасного стану та практики розгляду справ щодо прав іноземних громадян та осіб без громадянства Європейським судом з прав людини (ЄСПЛ). Обговорення: ключові справи, порушені проти іноземців та осіб без громадянства в Європі Суд з прав людини охоплює міжнародно-правові акти, що визначають права іноземців на місцевому рівні рівень розглянуто, рішення ЄСПЛ щодо іноземців детально проаналізовано та критерії відповідності визначається для кожного з основних випадків.
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Mennereau, Caroline. "Vivre et travailler dans une institution totale qui accueille des personnes sur le long terme : étude comparative des centres de détention, des établissements pour personnes âgées dépendantes et des monastères". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20070/document.
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Les établissements pour personnes âgées, les centres pénitentiaires et les monastères, trois univers à priori très différents. Et pourtant, nous y avons constaté des similarités qui nous ont amenés à réfléchir sur la problématique suivante : Quelles dynamiques psychiques interagissent dans une institution totale (Goffman, 1968) qui accueille des personnes sur le long terme, d’une part selon que le mode d’entrée principal y soit choisi, contraint ou forcé, et d’autre part selon que le sujet ait la capacité de quitter librement l’institution ou non ? Cette question nous permet de penser les liens mouvants et interdépendants entre le sujet, l’institution et la société. Dans cette étude, c’est à la rencontre de l’humain que nous allons, qu’il soit âgé et dépendant, prisonnier, soignant, surveillant ou moine. Leurs témoignages nous amènent à repenser lesquestions de l’ego, de la paix, de la liberté et de l’amouRetirement homes, detention centers and monasteries : at first sight, these three institutions seem to be very different. Nevertheless, we noticed similarities which led us to ask ourselves the following question: What are the psychic dynamics involved in a total institution (GOFFMAN, 1968) which receives persons on a long-term basis, depending on whether the main admission mode is chosen, constrained or forced, or whether the subject has the ability to leave the institution freely or not ? This question allow us to think about the shifting and independent links between people, institution and society. This study is about meeting differents humans whether they are old and dependant, prisoner, nurse, prison warder or monks. Their testimonies invite us to reconsider the question of ego, peace, freedom and love
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Morgante, Victoria. "Le droit à la protection de la santé des personnes détenues". Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU2077.
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Toxicomanie, viols, échanges de seringues, hygiène, psychiatrie, vieillesse carcérale : la personne détenue est considérée comme « personne à risque de par son environnement ». Le détenu usager du service public, doit néanmoins rester une personne capable de revendiquer le respect de ses droits fondamentaux. La protection de la santé est un droit pour l’Homme, liée à un devoir de l’état qui doit la lui assurer. Nul ne peut nuire à la santé d’autrui, pas même un établissement pénitentiaire.La loi du 18 janvier 1994 relative à la santé publique et à la protection sociale a posé le socle d’un nouveau cadre de soins en milieu pénitentiaire. Elle confiait au service public hospitalier, la prise en charge de la santé des détenus. Les enjeux dépassent néanmoins aujourd’hui le simple aspect médical. Ils atteignent les principes fondamentaux du droit pénal et de la procédure pénale tant au niveau national qu’européen. En effet, sous l’impulsion des évolutions internationales et européennes, notre droit s’est doté d’un statut pour les détenus, dont celui du droit à la protection de la santé, devenu un droit fondamental. Néanmoins, si cette évolution a permis une avancée considérable dans l’effectivité du droit aux soins des détenus, des difficultés demeurent et ont été révélées encore aujourd’hui par la crise sanitaire liée au Covid-19, dès lors que le droit à la protection de la santé doit être concilié avec l’impératif sécuritaire.Si les questions en lien avec la santé sont désormais inscrites dans la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation et de la Cour européenne, l’harmonisation de ce droit avec le droit pénal doit cependant passer par une affirmation de la protection des droits du détenu. Cette protection se doit d’être double : substantielle et procédurale.Etant un droit subjectif, le droit à la protection de la santé des détenus devrait tenir compte des différences avec celui de la population libre. Il exige une discrimination positive sur le plan des garanties procédurales, notamment le droit au recours effectif. Malgré la perte d’autonomie qu’implique la détention et ses impératifs sécuritaires, le détenu qui se trouve dans une situation juridique qui s’y prête, doit pouvoir en saisir les opportunités procédurales.Les questions de la responsabilité et du comportement des soignants en cas de faute, des facteurs d’exposition à ces risques par le versant pénitentiaire ou judiciaire, ou encore de la responsabilité de l’administration pénitentiaire, font partie de ces situations juridiques. Le détenu malade ne jouit néanmoins d’aucune protection spécifique. Si les soignants du milieu pénitentiaire doivent travailler en étroite collaboration avec l’administration pénitentiaire, les juridictions devront également y être associées afin de pouvoir tenir compte de l’état médical du détenu dans toutes les décisions et ce, dans une optique d’individualisation de la peine.Cependant, le contexte particulier du temps carcéral et de l’enfermement rend complexe la mise en œuvre de ces principes substantiels et procéduraux : la crise sanitaire liée au Covid en est un parfait exemple récentSubstance abuse, rape among fellow prisoners, needle exchanges, deplorable hygiene, psychiatry, old age in prison: the prisoner is a " person at risk due to his environment". Nevertheless, prisoners, who are users of a public service, must not be deprived of the capacity to claim their fundamental human rights. The protection of health is a human right, linked to a duty of the state which must ensure it. No one can harm the health of others, not even a penitentiary etablishment.In this context, the Public Health and Social Protection law of January 18 th, 1994 was a real turnaround in custodial spheres. It gave responsibility for prisoner’s health to the public hospital service. Yet, although this law was a great step forward in the effective recognition of prisoners’ rights, the reconciliation of the imperative of security with the respect of such rights still poses problems today. The issues today go beyond the simple medical aspect. They achieve the basic principles of criminal law and procedure both at national and European level.Indeed, under the impetus of international and European developments, our law has acquired a status for prisoners, including that of the right to health protection, which has become a fundamental right. However, if this development has enabled considerable progress in the effectiveness of the right to care for detainees, difficulties remain and have been revealed even today by the health crisis linked to Covid-19, since the right to protection of health must be reconciled with the imperative of security.While health-related issues are now included in the case law of the Court of Cassation and the European Court, the harmonization of this law with criminal law must however go through an affirmation of the protection of the rights of the detainee. This protection must be twofold: substantive and procedural.Being a subjective right, the right to protection of the prisoner’s health should take into account the differences with that of the free population. It demands positive discrimination in terms of procedural guarantees, in particular the right to an effective remedy. Despite the loss of autonomy that detention entails and its security imperatives, the detainee who finds himself in a suitable legal situation must be able to seize the procedural opportunities.For issues such as the responsibility and the behavior of fault-committing health care providers, risk exposure factors related to prison and law enforcement, or to the responsibility of the prison authorities, are among these legal situations If prison health care workers are to work in close conjunction with the prison administration, the courts must also be involved so that the medical condition of the detainee can be taken into account in all their decisions and sentences can be individualized. However, the particular context of prison time and confinement makes it difficult to implement these substantive and procedural principles: the health crisis linked to Covid is a recent perfect example
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Bonne-Harbil, Aurelie. "Les droits de la personne détenue en matière de santé". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0262.
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La santé des personnes détenues n’a longtemps pas été une préoccupation de la société. Pendant des siècles, la répression pénale a été dominée par la cruauté des châtiments corporels. Malgré une diminution de la souffrance infligée aux délinquants, le recours à l’emprisonnement comme peine principale de droit commun n’a pas ôté à la peine son caractère afflictif en raison de son influence délétère sur l’état physique et mental des personnes détenues. Mais la santé des personnes détenues est progressivement apparue comme un enjeu de santé publique. L’hygiénisation des établissements pénitentiaires et l’organisation progressive des soins aux personnes détenues ont abouti au transfert de la prise en charge sanitaire des personnes détenues du service public pénitentiaire au service public hospitalier. Cette intégration au système de santé de droit commun vise à garantir à la population détenue une qualité et une continuité de soins équivalentes à celles dont bénéficie la population générale. Initialement privées de droits en matière de santé, les personnes détenues se sont alors vues reconnaître un ensemble de droits conférés à tout patient. Toutefois, si eu égard à la particulière vulnérabilité des personnes détenues, des mesures de protection particulières sont mises en œuvre, il n’en demeure pas moins que l’effectivité des droits des personnes détenues en matière de santé se heurte aux contraintes d’ordre et de sécurité du milieu carcéral. Aussi, pour appuyer la reconnaissance des droits des personnes détenues en matière de santé, des garanties juridictionnelles interviennent pour assurer le respect de ces droits. L’intervention de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme renforce la garantie de ces droits issue des textes nationaux. La protection influente du juge européen, qui établit des normes nécessaires à la sauvegarde de la santé des personnes détenues et reconnaît un droit au recours effectif, contraint le juge national à se conformer à la jurisprudence européenne. Ainsi, le juge national intervient non seulement pour condamner toute atteinte aux droits des personnes détenues en matière de santé, mais aussi pour ordonner la libération des personnes détenues lorsqu’aucune autre garantie ne permet d’assurer le respect de leurs droitsUntil recently, society has been largely unconcerned with the health of detainees. For centuries, the penal system has been dominated by the brutality of corporal punishment. Despite a decrease in the suffering inflicted on offenders, the use of detention as the main punishment of common law has not removed the afflictive character from the punishment due to its harmful influence on the physical and mental condition of the detainees. However, the health of the detainees has recently emerged as an issue of public health. The sanitation of penal institutions and the progressive organization of care for the detainees have resulted in the transfer of the detainees’ health care from the public penitentiary system to the public hospital system. This integration of the common law health system seeks to guarantee a standard of care to those detainees that is equivalent to the standard of care enjoyed by the general population. Initially deprived of rights regarding health, the detainee was then recognized with rights that were afforded to all patients. However, if given the particular vulnerability of detainees, special protective measures are implemented, the fact remains that the effectiveness of detainees’ rights regarding health comes up against the constraints of order and security in prisons.Moreover, in order to support the recognition of detainees’ rights regarding health, jurisdictional guarantees intervene to ensure the respect of those rights. The intervention of the European Court of Human Rights reinforces the guarantee of those rights taken from national texts. The influential protection of the European Court of Human Rights which establishes the legal standard necessary to safeguard the health of detainees and recognizes the right to an effective remedy, forces the national court to comply with the European case law. Thus, the national court not only intervenes to condemn any infringement of the detainees’ rights in terms of health, but also to order the release of the detainees when no other guarantee allows to assure the respect for their rights
28
Boutouila, Nawal. "La condition juridique des personnes privées de liberté du fait d'une décision administrative". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D007.
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En empruntant une démarche prospective, l’objectif de cette contribution est de mettre en lumière l’existence d’une évolution de la condition juridique des personnes privées de liberté du fait d’une décision administrative. Si pendant longtemps l’obligation de préserver l’ordre public a été présentée comme conférant de nombreuses prérogatives à l’administration, elle doit désormais être décrite comme une mission de service public devant s’accomplir conformément à un modèle de comportement, sans toutefois que l’on puisse aujourd’hui évoquer l’existence de véritables sujétions à la charge de l’administration. Si cette évolution a été rendue possible, c’est en grande partie grâce à de «nouveaux contre-pouvoirs» qui ont contribué au renforcement de leur protection en participant plus ou moins directement à l’identification des obligations que toute administration qui prend en charge une personne privée de liberté devrait respecter et en concourant à leur défenseBy taking a prospective approach, the main of this work is to highlight the existence of an evolution of the legal status of persons deprived of their liberty for an administrative decision. Though the obligation to preserve public order has long been introduced as granting the administration many prerogatives, it must from now on to be equally described as a public-service mission that should be accomplished in accordance with a particular behavior model, without however, always mentioning the presence of actual constraints at the expense of the administration because of the numerous shortcomings currently affecting the protection system. Presumably, if this improvement has been made possible, it is in mainly due to “this new opposing-force concept” that has contributed to strengthening theirs protection especially by participating in the identification of the obligations that should be respected by all administrations which have to take care of a person deprived of liberty
29
Rahimi, Summi. "Förvaret : En kvalitativ intervjustudie med handläggare på Migrationsverket". Thesis, Teologiska högskolan Stockholm, Avdelningen för mänskliga rättigheter, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ths:diva-82.
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There are five detention centers in Sweden (in swedish ”förvaret”), were asylum seekers and migrants are held in custody until the Migration Agency has completed their investigation and concluded who are allowed to remain in Sweden and who should return/sent back to their home countries. The detainees are taken into detention centers because the state and authorities are afraid that they will ”go under ground”. This study has been based on the primary empirical data provided by semi-structured interviews. These have then been analysed with a narrative methodology, and in interaction with relevant literature as secondary data. Seven staff members at the detention center in Flen have been interviewed. Erving Goffman´s theory about ”total institutions” and Michael Foucault´s theory about power and its exercise have been used as theoretical basis for the analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the staff members in the detention center in Flen works, how the staff experience their duties and what opportunities there are available for the detainees. The following questions should be answered: (1) How does the staff work in the detention center and how does the interaction between the detainees and the staff look like? (2) How the detention center affects detainees health and what kind of care is available for detainees? (3) What do the staff consider of the criticisms against the detention centers? In summary, the empirical base shows that (1) the staff at the detention center (in Flen) have two different roles, first to help detainees who feel bad or are sick and also to persuade the detainees to cooperate and leave the country voluntarily. The interviewers stated that some of the detainees do not want any contact with the staff, while others are more open to it. (2) The main aim of the staff is to treat the detainees within the walls of the detention center, however, when the resources are insufficient. When more serious problems arise the detainees are offered care outside the detention center. (3) The interviewed staff members held the opinion that the criticism of the detention centers is wrong and unfair. Their conviction was that the lawmakers have decided that these detention centeras are needed and that they trust their decisions, detention centers are part of the asylum process, that the staff only trying fulfill their duties, detention centers are the result of the policy that people voted for in general elections.
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Boissenin, Paul. "Étude du phénomène des soins psychiques en unité sanitaire de maison d'arrêt : traitement psychique des personnes incarcérées en maison d'arrêt, pertinence, faisabilité, limites et obstacles". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1022.
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L’offre psychothérapique aux personnes détenues en maison d’arrêt par le psychologue est importante, d’abord parce que 70 % de ces personnes sont incarcérées dans ce type d'établissement et que la majorité d’entre-elles est détenue pour des faits de violences à la personne, ensuite parce que ce travail psychique est le seul à mettre en contact avec les fondements de la personnalité. Ces soins représentent donc un enjeu de santé et sécurité mais aussi d’économiespubliques.La recherche, dans la perspective de l’analyse existentielle montre la pertinence du traitement psychanalytique pour la transformation du rapport à soi et aux autres. Mais le cadre psychothérapeutique, articulé aux soins somatiques et psychiatriques dans l’espace sanitaire, ne tient qu’en congruence avec les cadres judiciaire et pénitentiaire.Un excès de distance entre les acteurs judiciaires, pénitentiaires et sanitaires-psychothérapeutiques expose le patient à des risques et au non-sens. A l’inverse, un rapprochement excessif présente un risque de confusion.Une alliance interinstitutionnelle entre les acteurs est requise dans une éthique des limitesThe psychotherapeutic proposition made by the psychologist to people imprisoned in detention centers is significant first because 70 % of these people are imprisoned in this type of facility and most of them are detained for violence against other people, secondly because this psychic work is the only one that establishes a link with the personality foundations. This psychotherapeutic care is thus not only a health and safety issue but also a public economy issue.By using the existential analysis as methodology, the research shows the relevance of psychoanalytic treatment for the transformation of the relationship with self and others.But the psychotherapeutic framework linked to somatic and psychiatric care in the health unitcan be efficient only if it works in conjunction with the judicial and penitential frameworks.An excessive distance between judicial, penitential and sanitary-psychotherapeutic playersexposes the patient to risk and to meaninglessness. On the contrary, an excessive closeness may lead to confusion.An interinstitutional alliance between the players is necessary according to an ethics of limits
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Provost, René. "Human Rights in Times of Social Insecurity: Canadian Experience and Inter-American Perspectives". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115752.
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Canada’s experience in the war against terrorism goes back to the seventies, and continues to develop nowadays, with the last direct terrorist activity in 2017. The Canadian Government reacted to these terrorist attacks by enacting a number of statutes that reflect a changing international paradigm in relation to the fight against terrorism. Fundamental rights and liberties such as the freedom of expression, the right to private life and to personal freedom have been curtailed by these legislative measures. The practical consequences of these measures are analyzed via a comparative examination of the Inter-American System of Human Rights. In general terms, the war against terrorism produces significant impacts over the human rights.La experiencia de Canadá en la lucha contra el terrorismo se remonta a inicios de la década de los setenta y se desarrolla hasta la época actual (los acontecimientos más recientes han tenido lugar en el año 2017). Las medidas legislativas fueron la vía adoptada por parte de Canadá para contrarrestar los ataques y reflejar el cambio de paradigma político en la esfera internacional con relación al fenómeno del terrorismo. Derechos fundamentales como el derecho a la libre expresión, a la vida privada y a la libertad personal se encuentran particularmente afectados por estas medidas. Un análisis comparativo del sistema canadiense y el sistema interamericano permite identificar las consecuencias de estas medidas. En términos más amplios, la lucha contra el terrorismo genera impactos significativos sobre los derechos humanos en general.
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McMaster, Don. "Detention, deterrence, discrimination : Australian refugee policy / Don McMaster". Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19457.
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Bibliography: leaves 385-420.vi, 420 leaves ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
An exploration of the Australian refugee detention policy, which argues that the resort to detention is discriminatory and founded in the fear of Australia's "significant other" - the Asian.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Politics, 1999
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ZIORKIEWICZ, Beata. "Covert methods of communication used by persons deprived of liberty". Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6369.
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Defence date: 27 September 2006Examining board: Prof. Antonio Cassese, Supervisor, former EUI; Law Faculty, University of Florence ; Dr Silvia Casale, President, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT), Strasbourg ; Prof. Bruno De Witte, European University Institute, Florence ; Prof. Zbigniew Holda, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Torr, Douglas John. "God has been detained : an examination of the detention experience of a few Christian activists to see whether there is an emergent theology of detention". Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5636.
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In this thesis we will describe the ways in which detainees have dealt with
their experience of detention using various coping skills. Through using the psychological theory of the hardy personality and combining this with various theological categories, we will see how they could deal with the stress of detention. In this way then it is hoped that their experiences will serve as the beginning of a local emergent theology of detention experiences. We will look at how they exercised commitment, and this will be examined by the role which faith plays as an agent of commitment. Faith will be interpreted as a symbol. We will, therefore, look at the role that dreams and visions, reading scripture, praying, and worshippinq played in helping the detainees deal with the stress of detention. The control component of the hardy personality will be dealt with by showing how by exercising forgiveness, creating justice, and using community, detainees were able to feel they had control in this stressful situation. The hardy personality theory is based on an existential theory that says that life is constantly changing. We will see how Christian detainees are able to cope with change by challenging their situation through the use of a theology of hope. In concluding this study of detention we look at the real evil of detention. We will, therefore, look at the negative effects of detention that these detainees were subjected to as part of their experience of detention. We will look at the psychological categories of dread, dependency, and debility. These categories are seen as companion parallel concepts to commitment, control, and challenge. Having done this, and bearing in mind that one of our aims in doing this study is to see if we are able to provide some ideas towards a pastoral model for dealing with the past hurt of detention, we then look at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the challenges it poses for the churches. In doing this we will attempt to show how resources drawn from the faith tradition of Christian activists may be used in helping detainees do 'suffering work' and deal with debility, dependency, and dread.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1997.
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Nisa, Richard. "Demons, phantoms, monsters law, bodies, and detention in the war on terror". 2007. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.16754.
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CORNELISSE, Galina. "Immigration detention, territoriality and human rights : towards destabilization of sovereignty's territorial frame". Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7028.
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Defence date: 7 May 2007Examining Board: Prof. Neil Walker (Supervisor, European University Institute) ; Prof. Marise Cremona (European University Institute) ; Prof. Pieter Boeles (Leiden University) ; Prof. Dora Kostakopoulou (University of Manchester)
First made available online on 10 July 2018
From a sociological point of view, camps or transit zones may present the institutionalisation o f temporariness as a form of radical social exclusion and marginalisation in modem society and a conservation of borders as dividing lines
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YANG, CHIN-TSAI y 楊進財. "Coast Guard Detention System and Personal Freedom Protection". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qxhqf4.
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碩士國立金門大學
海洋與邊境管理學系碩士班
107
Cross-strait relations are not currently a "state-to-state" relationship in international law. In other words, China still cannot claim the 12 nautical mile territorial waters of the Chinese mainland. However, the PRC government cannot allow the mainland ships to sail in the vicinity of the Taiwan area (Taiwan, Wuhu Kinmen, Mazu). Article 32 of the Regulations stipulates: "A continental ship may restrict or prohibit waters without permission, and the competent coastal patrol agency may drive away or detain its ships, articles, retain its personnel or provide necessary defense." A temporary measure to carry out a case investigation in a manner that restricts personal freedom is not a means of punishment. Since the lien system is still incomplete, the detention is determined by the administrative organ, and even the detention of the indulgent person for three months is in the form of detention, but there is no clear period of retention, which is a major damage to the human rights image of our country. The personal freedom guaranteed is contrary to the law. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the relationship between the execution of public power and human rights protection by the coastal patrol agency to understand the relationship between the execution of public power and human rights protection, and to examine the legal system of the people in the mainland. The current situation of practice, and then put forward relevant conclusions and recommendations, and expect the retention of administration to be more perfect.
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Stephens, Oluyemi Adetunji. "A comparative study of prison systems in African countries". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24232.
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The situation of prisons in Africa has been of concern to practitioners in the criminal justice system, researchers, policy makers, the government and even international organizations. Likewise, is the challenge of not having adequate information about prison system in Africa. In addition, most African countries are signatories to international treaties and convention regarding the treatment of prisoners, to what extent are prisons in Africa complying with the provisions and recommendation of such treaties and conventions. This study was therefore designed to explore the prison system in Africa countries.
As part of its objectives the study explored the prison condition in countries in Africa as exemplified by the physical structure of the prison buildings; living conditions with regards to overcrowding, medical care, separation of categories, food, sanitation, beds and beddings, administration and independent monitoring. Furthermore, the treatment and prison conditions of pre- trial detainees were also considered. Similarly, this thesis evaluated the treatment and prison conditions of prisoners with special needs. This category of prisoners include prisoners with mental health care needs, prisoners with disabilities, foreign national prisoners, older prisoners, prisoners on the death row and prisoners living with HIV/AIDS. The conditions and treatment of women prisoners, pregnant women prisoners, and babies living with their mothers in prison were also discussed. The Nelson Mandela Rules, Kampala and Luanda declarations were employed as a bench mark to ascertain whether the treatment and conditions in prisons in Africa meet up to international standards.
The study adopted a qualitative approach of inquiry using literature search as mode of inquiry. Data for the study was obtained from books, reports from international organisations such as United Nations, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Penal Reform International, Amnesty International, international conventions and treaties among others, journals (Local, Africa and International), reports from selected countries, government legislations, policies, Acts, previous studies on prison system, web based information and national data.
The review of literature with regards to physical structure revealed that most prisons in African countries do not meet international standards pertaining to the issue of physical structure as most prison building are dilapidated and in bad conditions. The study further revealed that the prisons and treatment of prisoners in African prison do not meet international standards. In specific terms, most of the prisons in countries in Africa are overcrowded; most prisons are also characterized by inadequate medical care with lack of facilities, medical personnel and medications. To a large extent most prisons do not meet international standards with reference to separation of categories as most prisons in countries in Africa lock up awaiting trial persons with convicted persons, minor offenders with adult but in most cases women are separated from men. The food situation in most prisons in countries in Africa did not meet international standards in quantity and nutritional value. The finding of the study indicated that the sanitary conditions in most prisons in countries in Africa is in very poor condition which could lead to an outbreak of diseases, this too did not meet international standards. Most prisons in countries in Africa are typified by lack of beds and beddings, prisoners in some prisons sleep on bare floors while some sleep standing while others sleep in shifts. This condition does not meet international standards. With regards to administration it was equally revealed that the record keeping of most prisons in countries in Africa is inadequate, most prisons do not have an ombudsman where prisoners could lodge their complaints while corruption seem to also be rife. This do not meet international standards as well. However, on a good note, most prisons in countries in Africa do permit independent observers such as NGOs, human rights organisations and international organization to have access to the prisons
Furthermore, literature search disclosed that the population of awaiting trial person in prisons in Africa is very high when compared to the total prison population and that some countries in Africa are among countries in the world with highest number of pre - trial detainees. The treatment and living conditions of pre - trial detainees in most prisons in African countries do not meet international standards as they are locked in overcrowded cells, often locked up with convicted persons, no legal representation and having to stay longer that the stipulates without being charged to court. The thesis also conducted literature search on prisoners with special needs and the study point out that in each of the categories, prisons in countries in African countries do not meet international standards. For instance, there are no provisions to meet the mental health care needs of prisoners as there are no mental health practitioners, no facilities and no screening is conducted in most prisons. Similarly, there are no facilities to assist prisoners living with physical disabilities as well as older prisoners. The situation with foreign national prisoners are not different as there are no translation of prison materials that could make them adjust well to prison life, in some cases their consular are not contacted that they are in prison. With regards to prisoners on the death row, their conditions did not meet international standards as they are locked up in solitary confinement for most part of the day and their cells are often dirty with inadequate food and medical care. Some of this category of prisoners have been on the death row for as long as twenty years. For prisoners living with HIV/AIDS their treatment and condition does not met international standards as there are not treatment of any kind neither is there any form of screening conducted for inmates. For women prisoners, the treatment and conditions do not meet international standards as most prisons were not designed with women in mind. The living condition is unsanitary, unhygienic exemplified with inadequate toilet and bathroom facilities as well as no supply of peculiar needs of women such as sanitary towels. Review of literature equally indicates that there is no special treatment given to pregnant women prisoners. For children living with their mothers in prison, their treatment does not meet international standards as there is no special provision made for them, they share food with their mothers, some are locked up with their mothers for hours in overcrowded cells.
Based on the finding of this study, some recommendations were made. These include the need to conduct more studies on prisons in countries in Africa, the need to consider reviewing the indigenous methods of treatment of offenders before the advent of colonial masters, need for a synergy amongst all practitioners in the criminal justice. Other recommendations are that there should be more advocacy on the prison conditions, need to establish a special trust fund, involve the private sector as well as professional bodies and to professionalize corrections managementCorrections Management
Ph. D. (Criminal Justice System)
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Makgopa, Lazarus. "The prevention of deaths in police cells". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13788.
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The research question of this study is to determine what circumstances and conditions
contribute to deaths in police cells. The study was undertaken in order to establish the causes of
deaths in police cells and the factors which contribute thereto, as well as to determine the best
international practices to prevent deaths in police cells. The literature was reviewed in order to
establish the extent to which this phenomenon has been researched in South Africa and in other
countries and to determine the regulatory framework related thereto. The researcher had
collected data from the dockets relating to deaths in police cells which were kept at the IPID
provincial offices in Gauteng and Limpopo. The data were collected by using the docket
analysis schedule and were categorised into themes during the analysis process. Four cause of
deaths in police cells were identified, namely, suicide, natural causes, assault by fellow
detainees and injuries which were sustained prior to detention. Suicide is the leading cause of
deaths. The second leading causes of deaths in police cells are natural causes and assault by
fellow detainees. Deaths as a result of injuries sustained prior to detention came third. The most
common ligatures which were used to commit suicide are shoe-laces, belts and strips torn from
clothing and bedding items. The preferred ligature points are the burglar proof bars on cell
windows. Booted feet and hands were the most common instruments used to inflict fatal injuries
on the detainees. It was also found that police officials are generally not complying fully with the
standing orders which regulate the management of people who are detained in police cells. The
failure of police officials to comply fully with the standing orders on custody in police cells
contributed to the deaths of detainees in police cells. Recommendations are made to prevent
the deaths of detainees in police cells.Police Practice
M. Tech. (Policing)
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Wang, Pao-Ming y 王寶明. "A Study on the personal liberty of Alien-Focus on the Detention System". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2r5h4v.
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Manawalia, Mehek. "The practice of extraordinary rendition : increasing accountability and oversight". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2847.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the United States has transferred close to a hundred individuals suspected of terrorism to foreign jurisdictions through a process known as extraordinary rendition. This is an infamous program that allows for the transfer of individuals to a foreign jurisdiction for interrogation, detention, or trial. While the use of extraordinary rendition attracts widespread controversy regarding its use and legality, it remains a vital tool for combating international terrorism. Evidence in this thesis lends support to extraordinary rendition program, but recognizes that while the program strengthens the country’s ability to gather vital intelligence to combat terrorism, there are methods to improve the program. The extraordinary rendition program requires an assessment of the totality of circumstances before a extraordinary rendition is permitted; reliance on diplomatic assurances from countries that hold a good human rights record; and subsequent monitoring of individuals rendered to foreign states to ensure that transfers comply with U.S. and international law. Evidence suggests that extraordinary rendition aids in the ability to gather sensitive intelligence and serves as a gathering tool used by American presidents to preserve freedom and peace; however, in the eyes of critics, this program represents a perversely autonomous and un-American legal maneuver that avoids due process. This thesis seeks to discuss common misconceptions associated with the extraordinary rendition program and identify the major points of controversy. The first part explores the history of the extraordinary rendition program and provides an understanding of its roots and procedures. The second part, discusses the executive branch’s attempts to conduct extraordinary renditions morally and responsibly, and examines the legal oversight and accountability gaps surrounding the program. Part three identifies the line of authority empowering the President to conduct extraordinary renditions. It also outlines the struggle of the legislative, judicial and executive branches to strengthen the extraordinary rendition program’s compliance with the rule of law by increasing oversight and accountability. Finally, Part four discusses the future of the extraordinary rendition program. The discussion presents possible solutions to correct oversight and accountability problems and suggests a multi-faceted approach that raises the bar for extraordinary renditions, thereby closing the oversight and accountability gaps.
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Ratnasingham, Christine. "Australian quasi refugees and international refugee law : abetment or abdication?" Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149981.
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Kročilová, Nina. "Zadržení osoby přistižené při trestném činu". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-349188.
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Title: Detention of person caught committing a crime Key words: Securing, a detention, suspicious person Abstract The purpose of this theses was an analysis of valid legislation of detention of a person while committing a crime and following judicature conclusions. The detention of an individual, as one of the ensuring institutes of the criminal procedure code, is one of the most important security measure immanent to the Czech laws. This measure breaches within the law the protection of personal liberty of an individual in favor of the public authority. Therefore it is necessary to pay attention to this issue and submit its regulation to the public professional debate. The resulting legislation must always reflect the principle of minimizing interference by public authority to the personal liberty of any individual, while reflecting current societal needs. The inspiration for the elaboration of this thesis was a brief insight by the author to the application practice of public prosecutor's offices and relevant police units. This thesis is divided into five chapters which are further divided into subchapters. In the first chapter the reasons for elaboration this thesis are specified in detail. The second chapter provides a general overview of the legislation of securing institutes across the Czech law. It...
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Hametová, Andrea. "Zajištění cizince". Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-393059.
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Administrative detention of migrants Resumé The aim of this thesis was to critically evaluate the institute of administrative detention of migrants and decide whether it is and appropriate, proportionate and necessary measure or if it has become obsolete considering the development of recent years and whether it would be appropriate to replace it with more effective alternatives. In the first part of the thesis I have critically evaluated the legal framework regarding administrative detention of migrants. I analysed the impact of international law with the emphasis of human rights, laid out the rules as stated by fragmented European law directives and regulations. The most detailed analysis is of Czech legal framework, including mentions of its most problematic points both from past and present. Next I considered the nature of the institute as an administrative law instrument used to restrict someone on his personal liberty. Considering the insufficiency of mere legality as a criterion of legality and legitimacy of administrative detention, I evaluated the aims and purposes of the administrative detention of migrants. In the last part of the thesis I have raised some critical points against current legal framework and practice. I point out the abuse of administrative detention for other than legally stated...
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Fišerová, Veronika. "Ústavněprávní limity zásahů do osobní svobody". Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398458.
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Constitutional limits of personal freedom Abstract The Master's thesis deals with the extensive theme of restriction or deprivation of the personal freedom. The aim of this thesis is not to analyse the reasons for deprivation of personal freedom in detail, but to look at personal freedom as a whole. In the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms (the Charter), personal freedom is the highest-ranked right to be most often interfered with by the state. Any restriction of personal freedom must meet a number of conditions resulting from legislation, international treaties and the supreme courts' decisions. The main goal of this thesis is to evaluate the frequency and intensity of the deprivation of personal freedom in the Czech Republic. In this thesis I pose the question whether all these limits of permissible deprivation of personal freedom are respected in practice or not. In this thesis I do not deal with the term of imprisonment but I focus on the reasons of deprivation of personal freedom expressly enumerated in the Charter. The first chapter deals with a brief definition of the concept of personal freedom, its incorporation in our legal order and its implementation in international treaties. In the following section, I present the conditions of permissible deprivation of personal freedom resulting...
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HUANG, CHIEN-YU y 黃千瑜. "A Study on The Procedural Protection of Personal Liberty and Judicial Remedy of Alien Detention ― Focusing on Habeas Corpus Act and Administer Procedure Law". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82j8du.
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碩士東吳大學
法律學系
105
The right to liberty is the fundamental of any other right to freedom. We can not exercise rights without the right to liberty. So the right to liberty is protected by Article 8 of the Constitution in detail, and the comprehensively procedural protection is the feature of it. The retention of judges is the core of the procedural protection of personal liberty of Article 8 of the Constitution, and Habeas Corpus is the indispensible supporting system. However, there is a misinterpretation to the text "on suspicion of having committed a crime" of Article 8-II of the Constitution, which causes a lack of judicial review of numerous restrictions imposed on the personal liberty of a non-criminal defendant. Thus, there is the loophole in the procedural protection of personal liberty. J.Y. Interpretations No. 708 and No. 710 made at 2013 thinking that the restrictions imposed on the personal liberty of a criminal defendant and a non-criminal defendant are different in nature, so the judicial procedure or other due process of law need not be identical. Therefore, a temporary detention in a brief reasonable repatriate period is unnecessary to be determinated by a judge, but it must be given the opportunity to be remedied by the court immediately afterwards, and a detention which is longer than a temporarily detention period must be reviewed and be determinated by a judge. These two J.Y. Interpretations brought the amending of Immigration Act, Habeas Corpus Act, and Administrative Litigation Act. However, whether such a model is the best fit for a non-criminal defendant whose personal liberty is restricted or not, is worthwhile to observe. Therefore, this article focuses on Alien Detention to inspect whether the current amendment and following judgments can give a comprehensive procedural protection to a detained alien or not. This article divided into five chapters. The first chapter is about the motivation, purpose, range, and structure of this paper. The second chapter is about the procedural protection of personal liberty, deducing the way the procedural protection of personal liberty should be from Article 8 of the Constitution, J.Y. Interpretations and the foreign legislative examples. The third chapter is about the procedure of Alien Detention, introducing the procedure before discussing the procedural protection of Alien Detention, and talking about related issues and the process of it.The fourth chapter is about judicial remedy of alien detention. This chapter discusses Habeas Corpus Act and Administrative Litigation Act, introducing the contents of the current amendment, reviewing the judgements after the current amendment, and finally making comparisons and analyses. The final chapter is about the conclusion, summing up all the chapters.
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KUO, WEI-CHI y 郭偉奇. "Study of Improvement of Detention System Which Restrains Rights to Personal Freedom- Take Detaining Undocumented Migrant Workers in New Taipei City Brigade, National Immigration Agency As an Example". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ga3ykc.
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碩士醒吾科技大學
資訊科技應用系
107
In Taiwan, the system of detention is adopted to manage arrested undocumented migrant workers. However, since these workers only violate administrative laws, the system restricting personal freedom that shall be well protected according to the constitution is used to punish them, which is not only severely infringes proportionality but also strongly attacked by human rights groups. Moreover, it is very costly for National Immigration Agency (hereinafter referred to as NIA) to detain these workers, send them from a temporary detention center to the other center and finally deport them. In addition, if any detainee is escaped, NIA staff will be suspected to set free of an undocumented migrant worker under his custody, which puts the staff under tremendous pressure. Hence, this dissertation will study if it is feasible for NIA to adopt technology management to improve the current detention system. Research method is proceeded with in-depth interviews with an expert from Department of Judicial Protection, Ministry of Justice and NIA senior staff. On the one hand, technology monitoring equipment adopted by the department can be taken as example; on the other hand, how NIA staff value a wearable device will be understood. Furthermore, a systemic management interface and an implementation standard operating procedure will be constructed. Hopefully, through clearly defining each function, this wearable device can be considered a reference for a decision-maker to replace the current system of detaining undocumented migrant workers.