Tesis sobre el tema "Détection de dérive"
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Kassab, Randa. "Analyse des propriétés stationnaires et des propriétés émergentes dans les flux d'information changeant au cours du temps". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10027/document.
Texto completoMany applications produce and receive continuous, unlimited, and high-speed data streams. This raises obvious problems of storage, treatment and analysis of data, which are only just beginning to be treated in the domain of data streams. On the one hand, it is a question of treating data streams on the fly without having to memorize all the data. On the other hand, it is also a question of analyzing, in a simultaneous and concurrent manner, the regularities inherent in the data stream as well as the novelties, exceptions, or changes occurring in this stream over time. The main contribution of this thesis concerns the development of a new machine learning approach - called ILoNDF - which is based on novelty detection principle. The learning of this model is, contrary to that of its former self, driven not only by the novelty part in the input data but also by the data itself. Thereby, ILoNDF can continuously extract new knowledge relating to the relative frequencies of the data and their variables. This makes it more robust against noise. Being operated in an on-line mode without repeated training, ILoNDF can further address the primary challenges for managing data streams. Firstly, we focus on the study of ILoNDF's behavior for one-class classification when dealing with high-dimensional noisy data. This study enabled us to highlight the pure learning capacities of ILoNDF with respect to the key classification methods suggested until now. Next, we are particularly involved in the adaptation of ILoNDF to the specific context of information filtering. Our goal is to set up user-oriented filtering strategies rather than system-oriented in following two types of directions. The first direction concerns user modeling relying on the model ILoNDF. This provides a new way of looking at user's need in terms of specificity, exhaustivity and contradictory profile-contributing criteria. These criteria go on to estimate the relative importance the user might attach to precision and recall. The filtering threshold can then be adjusted taking into account this knowledge about user's need. The second direction, complementary to the first one, concerns the refinement of ILoNDF's functionality in order to confer it the capacity of tracking drifting user's need over time. Finally, we consider the generalization of our previous work to the case where streaming data can be divided into multiple classes
Zoubeirou, A. Mayaki Mansour. "Méthodes d'apprentissage profond pour la détection d'anomalies et de changement de régimes : application à la maintenance prédictive dans des systèmes embarqués". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ4010.
Texto completoIn the context of Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IoT), predictive maintenance has become vital for optimizing the performance and lifespan of electronic devices and equipment. This approach, reliant on extensive data analysis, stands on two pillars: anomaly detection and drift detection. Anomaly detection plays a crucial role in identifying deviations from established norms, thereby flagging potential issues such as equipment malfunctions.Drift detection, on the other hand, monitors changes in data distributions over time. It addresses "concept drift" to ensure the continued relevance of predictive models in evolving industrial systems. This thesis highlights the synergistic relationship between these two techniques, demonstrating their collective impact in proactive maintenance strategies. We address various challenges in predictive maintenance such as data quality, labeling, complexities of industrial systems, the nuances of drift detection and the demands of real-time processing. A significant part of this research will focus on how to adapt and use these techniques in the context of embedded systems. The significance of this work extends to cost savings, environmental impact reduction and aligning with the advancements in Industry 4.0, positioning predictive maintenance as a key component in the new era of industrial efficiency and sustainability.This study introduces novel methods employing statistical and machine learning techniques, validated in various industrial settings like modern manufacturing plants. These methods, both theoretical and applied, effectively address the challenges of predictive maintenance
Hadouni, Doha. "Détection de rupture hors ligne sur des processus dépendants". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC098.
Texto completoKassab, Randa. "Analyse des propriétés stationnaires et des propriétés émergentes dans les flux d'informations changeant au cours du temps". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402644.
Texto completoL'apport de ce travail de thèse réside principalement dans le développement d'un modèle d'apprentissage - nommé ILoNDF - fondé sur le principe de la détection de nouveauté. L'apprentissage de ce modèle est, contrairement à sa version de départ, guidé non seulement par la nouveauté qu'apporte une donnée d'entrée mais également par la donnée elle-même. De ce fait, le modèle ILoNDF peut acquérir constamment de nouvelles connaissances relatives aux fréquences d'occurrence des données et de leurs variables, ce qui le rend moins sensible au bruit. De plus, doté d'un fonctionnement en ligne sans répétition d'apprentissage, ce modèle répond aux exigences les plus fortes liées au traitement des flux de données.
Dans un premier temps, notre travail se focalise sur l'étude du comportement du modèle ILoNDF dans le cadre général de la classification à partir d'une seule classe en partant de l'exploitation des données fortement multidimensionnelles et bruitées. Ce type d'étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence les capacités d'apprentissage pures du modèle ILoNDF vis-à-vis de l'ensemble des méthodes proposées jusqu'à présent. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à l'adaptation fine du modèle au cadre précis du filtrage d'informations. Notre objectif est de mettre en place une stratégie de filtrage orientée-utilisateur plutôt qu'orientée-système, et ceci notamment en suivant deux types de directions. La première direction concerne la modélisation utilisateur à l'aide du modèle ILoNDF. Cette modélisation fournit une nouvelle manière de regarder le profil utilisateur en termes de critères de spécificité, d'exhaustivité et de contradiction. Ceci permet, entre autres, d'optimiser le seuil de filtrage en tenant compte de l'importance que pourrait donner l'utilisateur à la précision et au rappel. La seconde direction, complémentaire de la première, concerne le raffinement des fonctionnalités du modèle ILoNDF en le dotant d'une capacité à s'adapter à la dérive du besoin de l'utilisateur au cours du temps. Enfin, nous nous attachons à la généralisation de notre travail antérieur au cas où les données arrivant en flux peuvent être réparties en classes multiples.
Caubet, Fabien. "Détection d'un objet immergé dans un fluide". Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716902.
Texto completoCaubet, Fabien. "Détection d’un objet immergé dans un fluide". Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3006/document.
Texto completoThis dissertation takes place in the mathematic field called shape optimization. More precisely, we focus on a detecting inverse problem using shape calculus and asymptotic analysis. The aim is to localize an object immersed in a viscous, incompressible and stationary fluid. This work was motivated by the following main questions:– can we localize an obstacle immersed in a fluid from a boundary measurement?– can we reconstruct numerically this object, i.e. be close to its localization and its shape, from this measure?– can we know how many objects are included in the fluid using this measure?The results are described in the five chapters of the thesis:– the first one gives a mathematical framework in order to prove the existence of the shape derivatives oforder one and two in the frame of the detection of inclusions;– the second one analyzes the detection problem using geometric shape optimization: an identifiabilityresult is proved, the shape gradient of several shape functionals is characterized and the instability of thisinverse problem is proved;– the chapter 3 uses our theoretical results in order to reconstruct numerically some objets immersed in a fluid using a shape gradient algorithm;– the fourth chapter analyzes the detection of small inclusions in a fluid using the topological shape optimization : the topological gradient of a Kohn-Vogelius shape functional is characterized;– the last chapter uses this theoretical expression in order to determine numerically the number and the location of some small obstacles immersed in a fluid using a topological gradient algorithm
Kanso, Hussein. "Nouveaux outils de détection d'estrogenes dans les eaux : synthèse de dérives électroactifs et développement d'immunocapteurs". Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1246.
Texto completoLebègue, Nathalie. "Radicaux libres dérivés de l'oxygène et antioxydants : méthodes de détection, approche biologique et environnementale". Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P109.
Texto completoFhima, Mehdi. "Détection de ruptures et mouvement Brownien multifractionnaire". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF22197.
Texto completoThis Ph.D dissertation deals with "Off-line" detection of change points on parameters of time series of independent random variables, and in the Hurst parameter of multifrcational Brownian motion. It consists of three articles. In the first paper, published in Sequential Analysis, we set the cornerstones of the Filtered Derivative with p-Value method for the detection of change point on parameters of independent random variables. This method has linear time and memory complexities, with respect to the size of the series. It consists of two steps. The first step is based on Filtered Derivative method which detects the right change points as well as the false ones. We improve the Filtered Derivative method by adding a second step in which we compute the p-values associated to every single potential change point. Then we eliminate false alarms, i.e. the change points which have p-value smaller than a given critical level. We showed asymptotic properties needed for the calibration of the algorithm. The effectiveness of the method has been proved both on simulated data and on real data. Then we moved to the application of the method for the detection of change point on the Hurst parameter of multifractional Brownian motion. This was done in two phases. In the first phase, a paper is to be published in ESAIM P&S where we investigated the Central Limit Theorem of the Increment Ratio Statistic of a multifractional Brownian motion, leading to a CLT for the time varying Hurst index. The proofs are quite simple relying on Breuer-Major theorems and an original freezing of time strategy.The second phase relies on a new paper submitted for publication. We adapted the FDpV method to detect change points on the Hurst parameter of piecewise fractional Brownian motion. The underlying statistics of the FDpV technology is a new statistic estimator for Hurst index, so-called Increment Zero-Crossing Statistic (IZCS) which is a variation of IRS. Both FDpV and IZCS are methods with linear time and memory complexities, with respect to the size of the series
Kharrat, Dhouha. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes non linéaires : application à la dynamique du véhicule". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0012.
Texto completoThis work deals with the development of new technologies of fault tolerant control (FTC), state and sensor/actuator faults estimation for different classes of systems. The algorithm described in this manuscript improve and reduce the conservatism of existing results in the literature. Firstly, we were interested in the synthesis of adaptive observer-based FTC for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) descriptor systems with time-delay in presence of actuator faults. The analysis and design conditions of observer-based FTC are formulated into a set of delay-dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be solved in a single step. Then, an adaptive observer-based FTC strategy is proposed for both T-S descriptor systems and T-S fuzzy systems subject to simultaneous actuator and sensor faults under external disturbances. The last part of this work concerns the issue of the lateral vehicle and rollover dynamics which is approximated by the T-S fuzzy model under the influence of actuator and sensor faults with external disturbances. Using the cone complementarity linearization algorithm, the proposed method offers less restrictive LMI conditions than those established in the literature. The proposed approach is validated in simulation on the Carsim software as an application of the dynamics of the vehicle in presence of sensor, actuator faults and external disturbances
Colson, Amélie. "Dérivés organométalliques d’aminoacides γ-phosphorés : vers la détection électrochimique des autoanticorps de la sclérose en plaques". Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS084.
Texto completoNouri, Hela. "Synthèse et caractérisations de propriétés optiques d’un nouveau ligand dérivé du Cyclen-azaxanthone : Applications potentielles dans la détection sélective du Zn2+". Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS018.
Texto completoThis study deals with the development of a new ligand: the cyclen-hydrazone, luminescent and effective for a relatively selective detection of biological ion, Zn2+. The synthesis of graft azaxanthone group to the cyclen was described. From these ligands zinc complexation was treated in order to develop an optical probe selective for the first row transition metals. A photophysic study associated with theoretical modeling work in solution, specifically showed the formation of two new zinc complexes. Finally, the monitoring of deprotection by hydrazinolysis of cyclen-glyoxal-azaxanthone, showed that the azaxanthone deprotection could be maintained in the design of new metals complexes of the first serie of transition metals
Puliti, David. "Sondes fluorogéniques pour la détection et l'étude de la dynamique de protéines cellulaires". Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2010/PULITI_David_2010.pdf.
Texto completoFluorescent protein labeling, and confocal fluorescent microscopy allow us to investigate the mechanisms of life on the molecular level in a non invasive way. Applications, such as the fluorescent localization of proteins in the cytoplasm, or real time monitoring of protein expression, are already well established techniques in the field of chemical biology. Yet, despite all advantages of classical fluorescence labeling techniques, there is still a lack of fluorescence techniques, that allow an insight into the dynamics of proteins. This work discusses a few lines of development which are meant to contribute to the development of such dynamic fluorescent tools. The synthesis and characterization of fluorescent and fluorogenic probes is discussed. Key Concepts: Click Chemistry, SNAPtag, photoinduced electron transfer, recognition between a HIStag and an NTA moiety. .
MAI, Anh Tuan. "Développement de biocapteurs électrochimiques à base de tyrosinase pour la détection de polluants organiques en phase aqueuse". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007508.
Texto completoNeyns, Valérie. "Les modalités du contrôle cognitif en situation dynamique : anticipation et gestion des dérives : le cas de l'anesthésie". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628433.
Texto completoLiu, Dayan. "Analyse d'erreurs d'estimateurs des dérivées de signaux bruités et applications". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10027/document.
Texto completoThis thesis concerns the construction and analysis of robust estimators for the numerical calculations of the derivatives of noisy signals and the parameters of noisy sinusoidal signals. In the first part of this thesis, we study some families of derivative estimators obtained by the algebraic methods. We show that a class of them can be directly obtained by truncating the Jacobi orthogonal series. This consideration allows us to extend the set of the parameters defining these estimators to IR. Then, we analyze the influence of these extended parameters on the truncation error which produces a time-delay estimation in causal case, on the error due to noises considered as stochastic processes, and finally on the error due to numerical integration methods. Thus, we show how to reduce the time-delay and the noise effect. A validation of this approach is achieved by constructing a non-asymptotic observer of the state variables of a nonlinear system. In the second part of this thesis, by using the algebraic method we construct estimators of the parameters of a noisy sinusoidal signal the amplitude of which varies with time. Moreover, we show that the modulating functions method has a link to the algebraic method. We then study the influence of parameters defining the estimators on the noise error contribution and the numerical integration error. In particular, some error bounds of these errors are given for a class of parameter estimators. Finally, a comparison between these estimators and the classical synchronous detection method is performed so as to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on such signals
Monge-Darcos, Sophie. "Synthèse de ligands multifonctionnels radio-marqués contenant le 2-nitroimidazole pour la détection de tissus et tumeurs hypoxiques". Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20094.
Texto completoElmi, Mohamed Abdillahi. "Détection des changements de points multiples et inférence du modèle autorégressif à seuil". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD005/document.
Texto completoThis thesis has two parts: the first part deals the change points problem and the second concerns the weak threshold autoregressive model (TAR); the errors are not correlated.In the first part, we treat the change point analysis. In the litterature, it exists two popular methods: The Penalized Least Square (PLS) and the Filtered Derivative introduced by Basseville end Nikirov.We give a new method of filtered derivative and false discovery rate (FDqV) on real data (the wind turbines and heartbeats series). Also, we studied an extension of FDqV method on weakly dependent random variables.In the second part, we spotlight the weak threshold autoregressive (TAR) model. The TAR model is studied by many authors such that Tong(1983), Petrucelli(1984, 1986). there exist many applications, for example in economics, biological and many others. The weak TAR model treated is the case where the innovations are not correlated
Duponnois, Romain. "Contribution à l’identification de situations dangereuses et à leurs détections par l’analyse des dérives de l’équipement de production. Application à une ligne d'assemblage automatisée". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0028.
Texto completoIn a work situation on an automated assembly machine, technical drifts during operation can lead to machine malfunctions. These malfunctions can lead the operator supervising the machine to adapt and react to reduce the effect of these technical drifts on the rest of the working situation. To respond to these malfunctions, the operator may place himself in a hazardous situation.In this context, this manuscript contributes therefore to prevent work accidents on machines. The major contribution of this thesis is methodological. The aim of the proposed method, named Working Situation Health Monitoring (WSHM), is to define a working situation’s health indicator that will enable the monitoring of the appearance of these potentially hazardous situations, from data generated by the machines. To define this indicator, we suggest identifying these potentially hazardous situations by analyzing the potential drifts of the work situation. These drifts can be technical (drifts of product characteristics, drifts of the product flow characteristics, and/or drift of the machine health) and/or from interactions between the operator, the machine and/or the products.To support this identification, we suggest modeling the work situation as a whole by representing it as a system. This modeling allows capitalizing the information on the studied work situation in a unique data model based on a pattern (working situation’s reference model). The contribution of this work has been tested on a case study (an automated assembly machine for educational purposes) in order to prove its feasibility
Bouchet, Aurélie. "Synthèse et propriétés d'une nouvelle famille de dérivés pyrrole-ferrocène hydrophiles : élaboration d'une biopuce de multi-détection sans marquage par des voies électrochimiques". Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10268.
Texto completoNew electrochemical biosensors for the detection of nucleic acids and antibodies are described in this work. Water-soluble pyrrole-ferrocene monomers were synthesized and efficiently co-electropolymerized with pyrrole monomers bearing either nucleic acids or peptides. Electrochemical studies were carried out onto innovative miniaturized graphite microelectrode arrays in aqueous solution. The multi-electrode device allowed to develop a multi-detection assay by the use of our strategy. The obtained polymers showed good electrochemical properties. When investigated as potential new DNA sensor, our system specifically correlated hybridization with concomitant strong decrease in ferrocene oxidation peak intensity. A low detection threshold of 100 pM DNA targets in 30 µL of sample was reached. Preliminary studies allowed us to detect specific peptide-antibody interactions using the same methodology
Abichou, Bouthaina. "Contribution à la formalisation de bilans / états de santé multi-niveaux d'un système pour aider à la prise de décision en maintenance : agrégation d'indicateurs par l'intégrale de Choquet". Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839731.
Texto completoCosta, Annie. "Intérêt de l'analyse quantitative de la queuosine et de ses dérives par CLHP dans la détection et l'exploration in vitro et in vivo d'une hypomodification des ARNt porteurs de ces nucléosides hypermodifiés". Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOMU05.
Texto completoIdellette, Judith Hermine Som. "Synthèse d'observateurs à dérivées partielles pour le diagnostic de défauts des systèmes de distribution de flux". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10024.
Texto completoDistribution flow networks are modeled by linear or nonlinear systems of balance laws. The monitoring of these networks (Faults detection and isolation) requires knowledge of certain state variables. However, in most cases it is not possible to measure all the state variables. Observers based on the partial differential equations which modelize the network dynamic can be used to provide state estimates. In this dissertation, the observability of the hyperbolic systems is first studied and then classical and robust PDE observers with injection of the state estimation error at boundaries or in the system dynamics are proposed. These observers provide on-line estimation of signals that are not measured. The estimation is used for the diagnosis of distribution flow systems. The performance of the observers and the diagnosis approach are validated on real flow data collected from the water distribution system (WDS) of Polytech’Lille (Cité scientifique, University of Lille 1 Sciences and Technologies), within the framework of the SUNRISESMART CITY Project. Data which are taken from the WDS in the absence and in the presence ofleakeage are used
Petritis, Konstantinos. "Nouvelles méthodes de séparations chirale et non chirale des acides aminés non dérivés par chromatographie en phase liquide et couplage à différents modes de détection : dosage dans des matrices complexes". Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2007.
Texto completoAchour, Bilel. "Capteurs à ondes acoustiques de surface fonctionnant à 104 et 208 MHz. : modélisation, développement et application à la détection d’ions lourds métalliques". Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1017.
Texto completoSurface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensors have many advantages mainly a high sensitivity, which is a key parameter in various applications. Two strategies were explored, in this thesis, to enhance the sensitivity of SAW devices: switching to Love mode, with a waveguide layer in SU-8 epoxy resin, and frequency increase from 104 to 208 MHz. Prior to the realization of such devices in a clean room and their further use as chemical sensors, numerical simulations were done, first with MATLAB software, and then with the finite element method, via COMSOL Multiphysics software. The optimum thickness of the waveguide layer, allowing a significant gain in sensitivity, was estimated. A disagreement between experience and simulation was found highlighting the need to continue optimization steps. A confrontation between calculations / experiments was carried out for the SH-SAW structures. These devices were functionalized with an anthracene derivate for zinc ions detection in aqueous media. Gravimetric results indicate that increasing the operating frequency from 104 MHz to 208 MHz permits a gain in sensitivity by a factor of 2.3
Anouti, Suzanne. "Séparations électrophorétiques bidimensionnelles réalisées dans un seul capillaire pour l'analyse d'acides aminés". Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20227.
Texto completoBerrada, Sara. "Synthèse de dérivés génotoxiques permettant la quantification des pontages interbrins et l’identification de défaut de réparation chez le patient atteint de l’anémie de Fanconi". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0145.
Texto completoInter-strand crosslink (ICL) are formed by covalent link between two nucleotides located on opposite strands of DNA. This physical link blocks the replication and transcription mechanisms. Because of this mode of action, BIPs-inducing agents are highly toxic to abnormally proliferating cells, which makes them very effective drugs for the treatment of cancers. However, their use is limited by the occurrence of severe side effects resulting in organ failure due to excessive accumulation of ICLs. This may be caused by insufficient repair capacity which will result in healthy cell death upon exposure to ICLs and organ failure.In order to identify the origin of insufficient repair in these patients, a comprehensive knowledge of ICLs repair is required. To date, many repair pathways have been described, but steps in the repair process are still unknown. A direct detection of ICLs would allow to answer these questions. However, the currently available techniques suffer from various limitations and a direct detection of ICLs, at the cellular level and/or in organs, is challenging.During my thesis, I modified two ICLs inducing agents. One is currently used in chemotherapy and the second one has completed a phase II clinical trial. I demonstrated that these modified agents show unchanged cytotoxicity and ability to induce ICLs compared to unmodified agents. I validated their detectability by microscopy as well as by FACS and demonstrated that they could be used to measure ICL repair in different cell lines
Abichou, Bouthaïna. "Contribution à la formalition de bilans/états de santé multi-niveaux d'un système pour aider à la prise de décision en maintenance : agrégation d'indicateurs par l'intégrale de Choquet". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0020/document.
Texto completoThis work is addressing the health assessment of a multi-component system by means of multi-levels health check-up. Thus scientific Ph. D. objective aims to establish items of a generic health check-up concept. It focuses specifically on the functions of anomaly detection, normalization and aggregation of different indicators to develop a synthetic index representing the overall health status for each element within the system. In that way, it is proposed a new approach for detecting conditional anomalies. This approach has the advantage of quantifying the deviation for each indicator compared to its nominal behavior while taking into account the context in which the system operates. An extension of the Choquet integral used as an operator aggregating indicators is also proposed. This extension regards on the one hand, a process of an unsupervised learning of the capacity coefficients for the lowest level of abstraction, namely components level, and on the other hand, an approach to inference them from one level to another. These contributions are implemented on a ship diesel engine which is the most critical system for the BMCI project of the MER-PACA pole to which this thesis is attached
Abichou, Bouthaïna. "Contribution à la formalition de bilans/états de santé multi-niveaux d'un système pour aider à la prise de décision en maintenance : agrégation d'indicateurs par l'intégrale de Choquet". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0020.
Texto completoThis work is addressing the health assessment of a multi-component system by means of multi-levels health check-up. Thus scientific Ph. D. objective aims to establish items of a generic health check-up concept. It focuses specifically on the functions of anomaly detection, normalization and aggregation of different indicators to develop a synthetic index representing the overall health status for each element within the system. In that way, it is proposed a new approach for detecting conditional anomalies. This approach has the advantage of quantifying the deviation for each indicator compared to its nominal behavior while taking into account the context in which the system operates. An extension of the Choquet integral used as an operator aggregating indicators is also proposed. This extension regards on the one hand, a process of an unsupervised learning of the capacity coefficients for the lowest level of abstraction, namely components level, and on the other hand, an approach to inference them from one level to another. These contributions are implemented on a ship diesel engine which is the most critical system for the BMCI project of the MER-PACA pole to which this thesis is attached
Ibrahim, Hanadi. "Intérêt et limite des dérivés de la tétraphényl porphyrine en vue de la détection des phospholipides par association supramoléculaire fluorescente et étude de leurs interactions avec un modèle de membrane biologique dans la perspective de la thérapie photodynamique (PDT)". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA114852.
Texto completoThis work deal with the study of fluorescent supramolecular assemblies between tetraphenyl porphyrin derivatives and phospholipids in aqueous solutions. In the first part, we explored the interest of using the 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphin (m-THPP), a commercially available porphyrin, as a polarity probe for the detection of phospholipids. In the second part, three series of glycoconjugated and hydroxylated derivatives of 5,10,15,20-meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP) were studied in order to evaluate the effect of a porphyrin structure on its binding to dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) liposomes and to human serum albumin (HSA). The studied derivatives have been developed as potent photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers
Albakour, Subhy. "Stream-automl : automated machine learning overimbalanced data streams for bipartite ranking problems". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAT015.
Texto completoDespite its popularity in the scientific literature, stream learning has yet to substantiate its practical utility in industrial applications. Characterized by the incessant influx of high-velocity, voluminous, and dynamically changing data, online marketing seems to be the favorite candidate for stream learning to make its entry into the industry. In this context, state-of-theart stream learning is of little utility, as it mainly focuses on classification, while bipartite ranking constitutes better modeling of the problem of online marketing. Recently, the combination of stream learning and AutoML, i.e., Stream-AutoML, has been drawing more attention from the scientific community. This work investigates the applicability of Stream-AutoML to bipartite ranking problems when data is imbalanced. We commence by developing a framework to execute and evaluate Stream-AutoML pipelines of stream learning models. Then we propose a framework for computing AUC-ROC incrementally, as well as introducing exponential decay to serve as a forgetting mechanism. We also propose a framework for concept drift detection using AUC-ROC, for which we develop six statistical tests for differences in AUC-ROC with theoretical bounds of type I and type II errors. Finally, we propose four data generators that enrich the tool kit to evaluate concept drift detectors under controlled environments. Results have shown that the proposed methods reduce the resources allocated for evaluation considerably and detect concept drifts with very small false positives. These contributions prepare the field for Stream-AutoML to solve bipartite ranking problems, which can be then exploited in online marketing applications. Optimized implementations of the proposed methods were developed and have already been adopted in the online marketing product of IDAaaS
Holzschuch, Nicolas. "Le contrôle de l'erreur dans la méthode de radiosité hiérarchique". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004994.
Texto completoJehan-Besson, Stéphanie. "Modèles de contours actifs basés régions pour la segmentation d'images et de vidéos". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00089867.
Texto completoNous proposons de segmenter les régions ou objets en minimisant une fonctionnelle composée d'intégrales de régions et d'intégrales de contours. Dans ce cadre de travail, les fonctions caractérisant les régions ou les contours sont appelées "descripteurs''. La recherche du minimum se fait via la propagation d'un contour actif dit basé régions. L'équation d'évolution associée est calculée en utilisant les outils de dérivation de domaines. Par ailleurs, nous prenons en compte le cas des descripteurs dépendant de la région qui évoluent au cours de la propagation du contour. Nous montrons que cette dépendance induit des termes supplémentaires dans l'équation d'évolution.
Le cadre de travail développé est ensuite mis en oeuvre pour des applications variées de segmentation. Tout d'abord, des descripteurs statistiques basés sur le déterminant de la matrice de covariance sont étudiés pour la segmentation du visage. L'estimation des paramètres statistiques se fait conjointement à la segmentation. Nous proposons ensuite des descripteurs statistiques utilisant une distance à un histogramme de référence. Enfin, la détection des objets en mouvement dans les séquences à caméra fixe et mobile est opérée via l'utilisation hierarchique de descripteurs basés mouvement et de descripteurs spatiaux.
Tiganj, Zoran. "On the pertinence of a numerical transmission model for neural information". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00699623.
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