Tesis sobre el tema "Décision participative"
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Ferrando, y. Puig Judith. "Le citoyen, le politique et l'expert à l'épreuve des dispositifs participatifs : étude de cas sur une conférence de citoyens sur la dépendance à l'automobile et discussion". Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H014.
Texto completoPinel, Florian. "La participation du citoyen à la décision administrative". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1G020.
Texto completoCitizen participation to administrative decision is a developing concept in positive law. Still, its essence and scope have not reached consensus. The doctrine associates citizen participation to administrative democracy. Yet, participation fullfills other functions. It of course allows citizen to actively define general interest yet it also allows the citizen to defend his very own interest. At the same time, citizen participation both improves and legitimates administrative decision. Participation appears as a malleable concept. Its function depends not only on the actors psychology but also on the nature of the participatory instrument that legally implements it. The concept of citizen participation to administrative decision regroups several instruments, including the right to a hearing, representation of interests, referendum processes, and public participation procedures. The unity of participation gains meaning in its legal system, which is articulated around common guarantees ensuring the effectiveness of participation, that is to say, the right to prior information, the right to express a point of view and the right to an appropriate period of time to do so. Less systematically, the legal system of participation opens up to complementary guarantees to ensure its sincerity. This applies to the right of having a point of view considered, the presence of a third-party guarantor as well as the right to appeal. All these guarantees, however, are subject to diversified implementations. Indeed, citizen participation unity does not imply its uniformity
Patto, Vincius Sebba. "Utilisation d'agents assistants pour l'analyse et la prise de décision pour la gestion participative". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066093.
Texto completoZaleski, Laetitia. "Assistant de décision et de négociation par analyse de viabilité - Application à la gestion participative d’espaces protégés". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS432.
Texto completoGood management of shared spaces requires taking into account the multiplicity of stakeholders who each have their own values and objectives. It is subject to two recurring problems. The first is the lack of consensus, the second is a consensus on an ineffective solution in its response to the problems raised. Combining the participatory aspect with technical assistance makes it possible to address both aspects. It is possible both to help the actors in the decision-making process, while at the same time directing their reasoning towards a coherent result. In order to provide technical assistance, we choose to use the theory of viability, which proposes to users to define a set of constraints grouping the interests and objectives of each. This method has two advantages. On the one hand, it is no longer necessary to aggregate or prioritise the criteria. On the other hand, viability allows an infinite time horizon to be taken into account, implying respect for intergenerational equity. Moreover, we draw inspiration from the techniques used for the design of serious games in order to give an educational and awareness-raising aspect to our tool for participatory management. This thesis work focuses on the design, development and impact study of a tool for participatory management based on viability theory. We have implemented a prototype of an IT assistant that gives concrete form to the ideas proposed in the thesis. Then we conducted a first experimentation of its use in order to analyse its interest and the benefits brought to decision making and negotiation. This evaluation allowed us to assess the influence of this tool from the point of view of decision support, negotiation support and awareness of the issues raised by resource sharing. An application inspired by the case of Brazilian extractive reservation allowed us to illustrate this approach
Hamel, Athmane. "Conception participative et coopérative de simulations multi-agents : application à la filière avicole". Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090071.
Texto completoIn order to simulate the impacts of individual behaviours on organisations’ objectives, participatory approaches are well-established methods. This thesis proposes a new Approach for Cooperative Knowledge Acquisition (Acka). Acka is a cooperative method, based on the experts’ participation within role-playing games during meetings. Our approach proposes to build a metaphoric model as a domain model which is then used to design the multi-agent simulation model. The application of Acka to study microscopic decision-making processes within the poultry production system, and to design a multi-agent participatory simulation is illustrated. This simulation model, called AviSim, aims at understanding the impacts of individual decisional behaviours on the use of raw materials within poultry. Acka&AviSim proposes a new participatory approach, based on the coupling of two kinds of representation modes: observation-based mode and cognition-based mode. Finally, a personal reflection about the participatory design is proposed
Tendero, Marjorie. "Reconversion et aménagement durable des friches urbaines polluées : élaboration d'une méthode participative d'évaluation et d'aide multicritère à la décision". Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSARE049/document.
Texto completoBrownfield redevelopment is a key priority topreserve soils. Brownfields are often contaminated yet.Therefore, it creates numerous obstacles to reuse them.Firstly, brownfields redevelopment’s benefits areunderestimated whereas costs are overestimated bydevelopers. Secondly, brownfields are plagued with thestigma effect. This effect persists even after remediationprocess (e.g., individuals may not use facilities on aformer contaminated brownfield). Thirdly, new uses cancause conflicts between the stakeholders. As such, thisthesis deals with contaminated brownfieldredevelopment taking into account both themultidimensionality of stakeholders, their preferencesand their perceptions. developers. In a first part, we study barriers to brownfieldredevelopment and how to tackle them using a surveyamong 76 French developers.In a second part, weanalyse the importance of the stigma associated withcontaminated brownfields. A first survey (803observations), conducted at national level, investigatesindividuals’ perceptions, representations and preferencesregarding brownfield redevelopment. A second survey(338 observations), conducted among five municipalitiesimpacted by such sites, specifies their preferences usinga discrete choice experiment. In the third part, we applya participatory multicriteria decision aid. It determinesthe most consensual projects in the case of acontaminated site. They correspond to individuals’preferences that were previously analysed
Behmel, Sonja y Sonja Behmel. "Intelligent decision support system to optimize, manage and plan water quality monitoring programs based on a participative approach". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29903.
Texto completoTableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2017-2018
Cette thèse s’intéresse au développement d’un système intelligent d’aide à la décision (SIAD) destiné à la conception, à la gestion et à l’optimisation des programmes de suivi de la qualité de l’eau (PSQE). Toute son originalité repose sur le fait qu’elle aborde la question dans une perspective holistique qui se traduit par le développement d’une approche participative dans le but de déterminer les besoins en connaissances sur la qualité et la quantité de l’eau sur lesquels se base le SIAD pour assister les gestionnaires de PSQE à toutes les étapes de la planification, de la gestion et de l’optimisation d’un PSQE. ...
Cette thèse s’intéresse au développement d’un système intelligent d’aide à la décision (SIAD) destiné à la conception, à la gestion et à l’optimisation des programmes de suivi de la qualité de l’eau (PSQE). Toute son originalité repose sur le fait qu’elle aborde la question dans une perspective holistique qui se traduit par le développement d’une approche participative dans le but de déterminer les besoins en connaissances sur la qualité et la quantité de l’eau sur lesquels se base le SIAD pour assister les gestionnaires de PSQE à toutes les étapes de la planification, de la gestion et de l’optimisation d’un PSQE. ...
This thesis focuses on the development of an intelligent decision-support system (IDSS) to plan, manage and optimize water quality monitoring programs (WQMPs). The main originality of this thesis is to have approached thequestion of planning, managing and optimizing WQMPs in a holistic manner. The holistic approach transcends into the developing of a participative approach to identify knowledge needs on water quality and quantity to feed an IDSS which assists WQMP managers in every aspect of planning, managing and optimizing WQMPs. ...
This thesis focuses on the development of an intelligent decision-support system (IDSS) to plan, manage and optimize water quality monitoring programs (WQMPs). The main originality of this thesis is to have approached thequestion of planning, managing and optimizing WQMPs in a holistic manner. The holistic approach transcends into the developing of a participative approach to identify knowledge needs on water quality and quantity to feed an IDSS which assists WQMP managers in every aspect of planning, managing and optimizing WQMPs. ...
Testard, Christophe. "Pouvoir de décision unilatérale de l'administration et democratie administrative". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3057.
Texto completoThe unilateral decision-making power of the administration maintains an ambivalent relationship with the administrative democracy. Understood as the set of rules which tend to the governed participation in the development of administrative decisions, administrative democracy is prima facie contradictory to the dimensions of constraint and command that are part of unilaterality. Standing as an oxymoron, it has yet imposed on a power which legitimacy seemed compromised. The principle of participation of the governed irrigates now, across multiple processes and through the use of new technologies, the relationship between the "public" and the administration: the administrative democracy has seized the power of unilateral decision.Yet far from questioning this power, the administrative democracy has actually strengthened it. Limiting itself to opening up the process of drafting of certain administrative decisions, the current right of participation of the governed does not reach the characters of unilateralism. Participants only access exceptionally to the rank of co-authors and their influence on the content of the decision remains limited. Public solicitation proves to be a legitimizing instrument of the voluntarism of the public authority. With the reinforcement of the administrative judge, citizen’s participation remains a simple procedural time. The administrative democracy ultimately proves to be a malleable concept, of which the administration benefits in exercising its power of unilateral decision
Wei, Wei. "Intégrer des modèles de viabilité dans les outils d'aide à la gestion participative de territoires protégés". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818900.
Texto completoBlatrix, C. "La "démocratie participative", de mai 68 aux mobilisations anti-TGV. Processus de consolidation d'institutions sociales émergentes". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00723560.
Texto completoBa, Ousmane. "La prise de décisions locales : les procédés pour plus de démocratie". Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMD005/document.
Texto completoToday, everybody agrees that, for effective local democracy, there must be a residents' involvement in decision making. This idea is not new, and national and local authorities have realized that it can not be done without going through a decentralization of the French government to "empower" local governments and their populations. Thus in the 1970s, while the desire for decentralization is accurate, it is worn on the left by dreams and self-management, right through the modern giscardienne fraction. However, the difficulties of implementing local participatory democracy held its relationship with local representative democracy. The second dominating the first, it resulted necessarily measures of implementation of local participatory democracy and failures in its operation. Despite recent changes in standards relating to the election of members of public inter-municipal cooperation, the establishment of territorial advisors and their mode of election which show some improvement, paradoxes still exist such as the confusion of local authorities the benefit of the Executive. This is why it is time to renew and refresh the process of local decision-making by the reforms: -an overhaul of the current organization of local authorities to allow placement of a clear and identified local authority within a State refocused its sovereign powers. -taking into account practical theories of contemporary political philosophy to deepen the concept of participatory democracy
Diop, Penda. "Vers une stratégie de gestion participative multi-usages de la ressource en eau dans le delta du fleuve Sénégal : processus de décision et outils de régulation autour du lac de Guiers". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV045/document.
Texto completoThe aim of the thesis is to evaluate the relevance of the participatory approach as a leverage tool to achieve a better shared and sustainable local management of water resources around lake Guiers in Senegal. It is the only freshwater lake of importance in the country. Located in a semi-desert zone of the Sahelian ecological region, lake Guiers is coveted by several types of uses. It is considered both nationally and locally as a vital resource for drinking water supply in nearby regions and large cities as a strategic resource for maintaining food self-sufficiency, as well as being a vector of economic development of the agro-pastoral village communities.The methodological approach adopted is the "bottom-up" approach, starting from field diagnosis of the case of lake Guiers. It is based on interviews and questionnaire surveys with managers and users of the lake’s water, an analysis of the sets of actors in an evolving institutional framework and the analysis of the spatial dynamics of distribution of the uses of the lake’s water. This diagnosis demonstrates the extent to which the participatory approach advocated in the water management strategies and plans of lake Guiers is effectively implemented and strengthens the participation of water resource users in order to achieve a better shared and sustainable management of this water resource.The participatory approach is functional only if the management framework is part of a comprehensive, collaborative and integrated management approach in which all users and managers are involved in the decision-making process (co-management). Furthermore, the participatory approach is often difficult to organize. This difficulty increases when the geographical scope is large and the aim is to involve all the users and managers concerned at all levels with sometimes contradictory interests. Moreover, the thesis reveals that the increase in the implantation of economic activities that are supposed to benefit the region leads to perverse effects that run counter to the objectives of the management plans: a drop in water quality and of the available quantities (pollution caused by discharges from agro-industries and increased collection volumes). All the series of actions (services) involved imply expenditures for the management actors (maintenance of infrastructures, control of sampling, pollution control etc.). In this area, the thesis recommends that the management of water resources in the lake should take into account this decisive dimension, by developing new management tools corresponding to the economic valuation of water and by creating an observatory, an integrating tool of its sustainable future. This is a sine qua non condition for improving the living conditions of local residents. The thesis confirms, through the case of Lake Guiers, the relevance of the theories of the participatory approach to accompany and help its management actors in their apprehension and organization of the management system
Goudiaby, Tida. "De la participation des citoyens à la production des politiques publiques locales : enjeux de démocratisation et d’efficacité de l’action publique : Le cas de cinq communes au Sénégal". Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21620.
Texto completoParticipation and deliberation notion invade the political place and at the same time the sphere of social and political sciences. They serve to define relations between the local councillors and the citizens, citizens and the public domain and citizen between themselves. In Senegal the application of the participative mechanism in the conduct of local policies helps to make public policy more efficient and democratic. This also encourages local development. In this way participation brings together diverse actors: local councillors, citizens associations, NGO as mediators and development sponsors. This study tries to understand how these actors who have different positions and interest appropriate participatory structures and deliberate political policy. This study goes beyond the understanding of the specific configuration of actors, of their investment in participatory forums and brings out the real stakes of participation and democratic deliberation in Senegalese districts
Lejeune, Caroline. "En quête de justice écologique : théorie politique environnementale et mobilisations sociales". Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL20022.
Texto completoThis work aims at analysing the theoretical evolution of social justice when it is progressively confronted to environmental limits. It is based on the study of the social and institutional movements that arose around an urban planning project – the Union Zone – in the metropolis of Lille, Northern France. These social movements were at first concentrating their claims on issues far from ecologicalconcerns. But a slow evolution of their claims took place when they were confronted to a project of “exemplary eco-district” (2006-2022). This work will focus on the shift from social claims (based on distributive justice and political acknowledgement) to ecological claims (where social justice is confronted to environmental limits). Drawing on an analysis of the transformation of discourses, of the participation procedures, and of the evolution of the theoretical frames used by the social movements, we offer an insight on the conditions of transformation of pluralist representative democracy. This analysis of the issues and purposes of ecological justice aims at reconsidering the way environmentallimits could be incorporated into the participative practices of democracies. Drawing on the field of green political theory, this work also aims at showing that ecological justice lays on an ecocentrist view of justice that could contribute to question the theory of democracy in the light of existentialinterdependences connecting the ecological and the social spheres
Defoort, Benjamin. "La décision administrative". Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020097.
Texto completoOne of the most characteristic expression of the administrative activities, the administrative decision is a familiar concept. Nevertheless, positive law on this subject turns out to be disparate and contingent. And behind a seeming consensus, the authors pre-sent the unilateral administrative actions with real terminological and conceptual disparities. The choice has been made to build a definition, from a critical analysis of positive law and doctrinal views, so as to test its merits with an eye to a better understanding of the Admin-istration and its law. Imperative meaning of a fixed and unilateral act of will of an adminis-trative body, the administrative decision is a useful tool to analyse the power of the Admin-istration, the judicial review of it and the place that citizens can aspire to in the process of its making and its implementation. Distinct from incitation or mere declaration of intent, deci-sion remains the preferred way of directing citizens behaviour and the main object of the judicial review of administrative acts. The explanatory impact of this definition is supple-mented by the understanding it enables of the strategical uses that actors of administrative law make of it. As a meaning, decision reveals the struggles they wage to identify, in a specif-ic case, the impact of the various acts of administrative bodies ; as a power issue, it brings out the strategies of legitimization that surround its use par public authorities
Mancini, Julien. "Information et participation de patients dans divers contextes de décision en cancérologie". Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX20683.
Texto completoGeorge-Blondel, Frédérique. "Participation à la décision et performance de l'entreprise : application à la qualité totale". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0013.
Texto completoAs taylorist management relies on workers' manual power, participative management involves workers' conceptual input. One advantage of the participative approach is that it allows the firm to use the entire knowledge of the workers. From this point of view, the workers' skills and cognitive abilities are better used in the participative model than in the taylorist one. The participative approach may thus be considered as an exchange between the employer and the employee. To succeed, such an approach has to be advantageous for the individual and for the firm. In fact, the participative approach allows the firm to achieve a twofold benefit. The social benefit results from increased employees' motivation. The economic benefit is an improvement of the productive process. Our case study is on a sample of 32 big firms which are using the total quality management (tqm). The tqm uses the intelligence of all the individuals, that is their general ability to solve problems by taking local decisions. Individual behavior is central in that it determines the organization's success. Keywords : participation, decision making, motivation, tqm (total quality management), firm's performance
Gour, Anthony. "La participation des acteurs externes dans la construction des décisions stratégiques". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090074.
Texto completoCombination of different economic, social, political and managerial factors have developed new relational modes between organizations and managers affecting in this way strategic thinking process, decision-making process and its implementation. Researchers must integrate the complexity of constructing process and considering internal and external actors. In this thesis, we want to better understand how external actors participate to the elaboration of the strategic decision. Thus, we have built theoretically two conceptions of the openness of decision-making process to external actors. We consider the first perspective as “outside-in”. It underlines a behaviour resulting of an appropriated reflection. Procedural rationality, term borrowed by Herbert Simon to psychology, depends of the process that has generated it. Manager will have to adapt to the environment and to his cognitive limits in order to deliberate satisfactorily. The second perspective, considered as “inside-out”, is characterized by a game rationality. This consists of individuals who act in relation to each other intelligently to pursue individual objectives by means of individual calculations of self-interest in order to influence final strategic decision. The apparent contradiction between these two perspectives does not hold when we enter into the process dynamic. Consequently we highlight similarities and insist on the interest to consider together these two perspectives in our framework. We distinguish three similar dimensions: the openness of strategic decision-making process to external actors is thus composed of “purpose”, “character of relationships”, and “process characteristics”. This thesis has been realized through ten cases studies to empirically confirm our theoretical building and to explain managers’ functioning modes with external actors. A typology of seven practices is developed, thanks to our analysis, to better understand how each form of openness happens and when managers use it to interact with external actors. Exposition of these practices has permitted to explore the passing of one form of openness to the other. Three notions contribute to explain it. An attention varying according to the rationality looked for managers, a will of conserving resources and power, and an imperative to translate for managers are central elements to precise these changes. To conclude, we put in evidence structuring actions and propose a conceptualization of strategic decision-making process and openness to external actors by leaning on the work of Mintzberg et al. (1976). We extend its research by explaining what led managers to interact with external actors and how they use it for their personal reflection or with others internal managers to build the strategic decision
Mambéri, Jean Didier. "Participation des enseignants à la prise de décision, une étude exploratoire au Nouveau-Brunswick". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ37855.pdf.
Texto completoPluchinotta, Irene. "Multi-Agent Modelling for Distributed Intelligent Decision in Water Management". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090006.
Texto completoWater resource management can be a complex, uncertain and conflictual domain. It faces numerous problems in many regions of the world, such as the disparity of interests associated with the water resource, multiple decision makers, complex networks of administration, inoperative water distribution, various socio-political events and climate change. Consequently, environmental decision-making takes place in a highly interconnected system, in which neither the decisional ramifications nor the complexity of its impacts can be neglected. In the Apulia Region, water scarcity is the main rising problem and is affecting human and more-than-human communities.Water scarcity generates the need to enhance collaborative multi-agent decision-making processes. Researchers suggest that the “tragedy of commons” could be avoided when a shared resource is at stake, provided that communities interact and operate in a collective way and avoid, for example, the market rules constraints. This requires the development of dynamic decision-aiding tools. They should be capable to integrate the different problem frames held by the decision makers, to clarify the differences among those frames, to support the creation of a collaborative problem structuring process and to provide shared platforms and interaction spaces.In this regard, we built a dynamic interaction space (DIS), highlighting the operative criticalities and allowing the analysts to identify a shared problem definition. The emerging issues of gathering and exchanging knowledge and representing structured concepts can be solved through a combined approach. Multi-agent systems joined with system dynamics can provide unconventional alternatives that use physical and social components, with a particular focus on individual and collective behaviours in resource management with multiple decision makers.In our case study, the model was used as a platform for modelling multi-agent organizations, in order to support collective decision-making in water management. The model is capable of representing a distributed complex water management system, where simulated behaviours are based on field observations and on the participation of stakeholders. What is more, the multi–agent system approach enables the interaction and allows to formalize theIrene Pluchinotta – “Multi-Agent Modelling For Distributed Intelligent Decision In Water Management”iibehaviours of water users in the management process. A system dynamics modelling in an environment of interacting decision agents, allows us to explicitly consider the different frames and to simulate interactions when adopting a new policy. The model can showcase how the limited understanding of the interaction space affects the actions followed by each decision-makers and, finally, how it could lead to policy resistance mechanisms. In conclusion, the result is the richest possible picture of the existing problem situation that deals with irrigation water management in agricultural systems
Cieslar, Anna. "La participation des salariés aux décisions dans l'entreprise, l'exemple de la Pologne". Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100116.
Texto completoSenghor, Abdou Simon. "La participation du patient insuffisant rénal chronique aux processus de décisions thérapeutiques". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20005/document.
Texto completoThe law of March 04th, 2002 on the rights of patients and the quality of the health system and the law HPST (Hôpital, Patients, Santé et Territoires) of 2009 that grants legal framework for patients’ education, have promoted the patient’s autonomy by encouraging his participation in medical decisions. Self-management of chronic illness as favoured by public authorities in providing the legal tools to improve the quality of care has aroused our interest in patient education programs for patients with renal failure in pre-dialysis. One of the objectives of this program is to allow patients free choice when deciding on the method of dialysis.Our thesis aims to underline how the social determinants at work in medical decisions and those involved in the choice of a dialysis method are constructed.In France, patients seem to favor hospital patient care, but in some countries, medical pluralism is more frequent. The exercise of self-analysis has revealed the significant part played by economy, culture and family in health choices.Moreover, the part played by patient education in the decision-making process is neither fixed nor pre-determined: patient education can complement medical practice, can be a decision support tool for some kidney patients or be used by doctors to promote patient decision-making compliance.We have shown that patients and physicians rely on several factors that may influence the nature of the discussion.This study reveals that the choice is networked and that the decisions that are made are the outcome of several interactions and medical strategies. These determinants also help to understand how trust develops and leads to decision-making.Sometimes distributed, sometimes shifted, trust accounts for the type of information prioritized by the patient. The networked choice of the patient finally puts the shared decision-making model into perspective as it increasingly seems to have a normative character in the relationship between health professionals and patients
Droniou, Véronique. "La médiation : étude d'une nouvelle forme de participation du public aux décisions d'aménagement". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOD005.
Texto completoIn law mediation is often wrongly confused with the alternative modes of conflict settlement, such as conciliation in particular, that are aimed at avoiding a classical proceeding. Nevertheless, mediation refers to another kind of reality which may be the basis for a new form of public participation in the planning related decisions. The interest of mediation is to create a communication process closely akin to dialectics which, thanks to the intervention of a third party who is neutral, independent and devoid of any power on the parties, permits to overcome an initial situation of inertia or deadlock between the interlocutors. The initial situation overcoming process which leads to a new situation created by the parties to the mediation themselves, can give a means of getting through or avoiding many conflicts existing, inter alia, in the field of planning. When mediation is successful, new relations are created between the parties, which become participants to new planning projects thus; the development of mediation provides the choice of a mode of public participation whose practice is limited and in its infancy at the moment. However, its workings portend important changes in the administrative area. Effectively, although mediation does not relieve the administration authority of its decisional power, the preparation for, and the collective discussion on the content of the decision lead to a consensual, or perhaps even contractual project that does not belong any longer to the administration only. Inversely, without the essential contribution or participation of the administration, a common solution cannot be reached. Thus, non-institutional mediation is not a mode of substitution to the decision of the public authorities, but a process designed to ease the decision for which they are responsible. The efforts of the administration to use new forms of political actions mingling democratic practices with a straightforward management of the economic and social problems are analyzed through the mediation experiments that have been carried out in the field of nuclear waste and when the setting of the TGV-Mediterranée was under way. But the experiments should not undermine the reluctance of the administration to recognize in the citizen a participation general right because he stands out against the administration's decisional power which is based on a class
Berthier, Demonfort Sophie. "Le principe d'ouverture en droit de l'Union Européenne : Contribution à l'étude de l'influence des citoyens dans la prise de décision européenne". Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0043/document.
Texto completoThe principle of openness, mentioned in the first article of the Treaty on the European Union acts as a foundation of a global research into the interaction between taking decisions and the citizens of Europe. This approach is motivated by a willingness to improve the legitimacy of European policy. However, it should be distinguished from the democratic principal of law within the Union, in that it does not attempt to reinforce the status of European citizens within the European political regime, but attempts only to offer them possibilities of influencing the core of such decisions. The possibilities of influence are constantly looked at in depth, through reorganizing such principles as transparency and participation, and by the installation of mechanisms of dialogue through consultation, the right to petitions, the right to use a mediator or even create citizens initiatives. The study tries to measure the degree of influence that European citizens have on decision making, and to compare them to the objectives of the principle of openness
Chiron, Pierre-Yves. "La jeunesse s’engage avec passion : participation et décision dans un Conseil de Jeunes, entre prises et maitrises". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100047/document.
Texto completoApproximately 3500 councils of children and youth councils take actions with local authorities inFrance today. Introduced in the 60s and 70s, this form of implication and commitment has considerablydeveloped. It became an important vehicle for the participation of the young people, a vehicle for transmissionand education in the values of the commitment, the local public service and the citizenship.Few investigations, nevertheless, went to examine, from the inside, in plenary meetings and in working groups,the way these exchanges are taking place. It is what is studied in this research.The work presented here is based on an observation, about nine months of a youth council and morespecifically a workgroup of this council. The modalities of decision, in the group Valuation, were used as a baseto a qualitative analysis. How are decisions, between the young people and the facilitators of the device, taken? What part do they have in this decision-making ? If the involved young people (students about 22 or 23 yearsold for the most part) are well registered in a role of decision by the community that hosted them, the researchshows a far more nuanced reality. The participation is evolutionary and uneven on duration. In everyday life,actors' sets, humour, weight of the institution, are shown to be important determinants of decision-making.In the end of this browsing in a universe of collective project, despite a displayed good faith, the communityseems to achieve the arrival bridge it had set. It is thus proposed to the involved young people, a relativelyrestricted space for participation, in which the demand for autonomy is not long in appearing
Cissé, Karine. "La décision individuelle de participation à une action de boycott de consommation : contribution à l'étude des déterminants". Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0053.
Texto completoThis research examines the boycott. It tries to unterstand foundations, caracteristics and evolution context. In particular it seeks to present individual decision's determinants of participation and of non participation in a boycott action. The reflection relies on questioning about cooperative and non cooperative behavior toward brand or boycotting group. Two perspectives were adopted in literature review. In a first perspective, the boycott is considered as a relational breakdown between the consumer and the brand. Determinants concerning quality of relationship before the boycott call (satisfaction, trust, commitment) are examined. In a second perspective, the boycott is considered as a social dilemma. The consumer is in a situation where he must choose between maximization of his interests or those of boycotting group. Three groups of determinants (instrumental, expressive, normative), likely to lead consumer to decide to participate in a boycott action, are examined. Literature contributions are confronted with results of exploratory study made with 22 experts and consumers who boycott. On the basis of Churchill's procedure, the methodology permits to create and validate numerous scales. Results of survey made with a sample of 632 undergraduates succeed in appreciating measures quality and testing model fit with structural equations method (Amos). The contribution of this resarch is triple. From a theoretical point of view, it permits identification and test of determinants, never made until now. On a methodological level, it participes to development of scales peculiar to boycott situation. Finally, from a managerial perspective, it offers useful recommendations to practitioners to prevent boycott actions and/or to prepare a best crisis management
Tirasangka, Vannapar. "La participation du citoyen aux décisions administratives en matière d'aménagement et d'environnement en droit thaïlandais". Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4025.
Texto completoSince the historic political change in 1932 In Thailand, the establishment of a new constitutional monarchy takes democratic principles into account. After the promulgation of the Constitution in 1997, and the current Constitution in 2007, citizen participation to the administrative decision making process became a constitutional right. In effect, the notion of citizen participation as provided for by the Constitution leads to the revision of certain previous laws. For instance, the possibility of citizen participation in administration is stated with a view to solving problems of citizen participation as they may have existed in the past. However, the implementation of citizen participation faces obstacles to its development and progress. From a legal and political standpoint, political changes and constitutional instability in Thailand have stalled the bill on citizen participation. From a social point of view, the quality of the relationship between the administration and constituents remains a persistent problem. This problem is a major obstacle to the development of citizen participation in Thailand
Pires, Ferreira Ana Cristina. "La prise de décisions, participation et autonomie dans la gestion de l'éducation au Cap-Vert". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1401.
Texto completoAllaire, Anne-Sophie. "Facteurs influençant la participation des médecins à un programme de développement professionnel continu en prise de décision partagée". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28639/28639.pdf.
Texto completoLandwehrlen-Weill, Agnès. "Débat public et gestion des déchets nucléaires en France : vers une amélioration du processus démocratique entre participation et décision ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ028L.
Texto completoThe purpose of the research is with regards to public debate's place in the decision democratic process in the 21rst century France, and applied to the problematic of the radioactive wastes management. The starting hypothesis, relying on the disposals multiplying debates forms since the 80's, is to assert the increasing place of the public debate in the decision and construction process of the general interest. More precisely, researches focus on the communication modes of the set of the actors and their audiences, involving institutional public debate organized by the National Commission for the Public Debate, but also involving debate in a general meaning, therefore evoking the generic designation of any kind of public discussion about collective choices. What's interrogating us on the put in prospect of the democratic game between all the different actors : political ones, experts, industrial ones, administrative ones and "ordinary" citizens, may it be at a local level (with the example of an installation of a radioactive wastes stocking center on a territory) or else at a national level – frame in which the implementation of the public action results in political decisions framed by legislative work. This double problematic interrogates deliberation and decision processes of the Public Powers, regarding scientific and technologic choices domain, since we're dealing here with nuclear, which is a particularly complex domain, target of many socio-technical controversies, since it contains technological stakes, as well as political, economical and social ones, with a strong ethic value. Here, we'll be dealing with wondering – through this "radiography" of the French public debate – about its stakes and its purposes as well as its mediator ability between social actors
Oliveira, Matheus Valle de Carvalho e. "La participation à la gestion de l'eau : le cas du bassin du São Francisco au Brésil". Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030130.
Texto completoThis thesis argues about the role of participation as an element of the integrated water management in Brazil. After decades of water exploitation for different policies, a reform movement arises among water technicians and seeks the transformation of the water management praxis, which can be considered as centralized and insufficient. At the gestation of the reform the idea of participation appears as a central element. The broad political context is that of the decline of dictatorship and emergence of new social movements. The participation becomes afterwards a principle for public goods management. But at the moment of the formalization of the water reform an important odification takes place: it does not characterize the water management but the water management system. Materialization of the participation principle, this participatory system should implement the reform towards an integrated water management. The conflicts between this project and the heritage are the most important obstacles to the reform. The participatory decision making on the São Francisco River is analyzed at two levels: the regional planning at the river basin level (the study of the approval of the transposition of its waters, a big construction project) and the local level of the irrigation service (the study of the tariff change at the Maniçoba irrigation district). The way it was implemented in the case of the São Francisco River basin, participation did not contribute to integrated water management
Landwehrlen-Weill, Agnès. "Débat public et gestion des déchets nucléaires en France : vers une amélioration du processus démocratique entre participation et décision ?" Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ028L.
Texto completoThe purpose of the research is with regards to public debate's place in the decision democratic process in the 21rst century France, and applied to the problematic of the radioactive wastes management. The starting hypothesis, relying on the disposals multiplying debates forms since the 80's, is to assert the increasing place of the public debate in the decision and construction process of the general interest. More precisely, researches focus on the communication modes of the set of the actors and their audiences, involving institutional public debate organized by the National Commission for the Public Debate, but also involving debate in a general meaning, therefore evoking the generic designation of any kind of public discussion about collective choices. What's interrogating us on the put in prospect of the democratic game between all the different actors : political ones, experts, industrial ones, administrative ones and "ordinary" citizens, may it be at a local level (with the example of an installation of a radioactive wastes stocking center on a territory) or else at a national level – frame in which the implementation of the public action results in political decisions framed by legislative work. This double problematic interrogates deliberation and decision processes of the Public Powers, regarding scientific and technologic choices domain, since we're dealing here with nuclear, which is a particularly complex domain, target of many socio-technical controversies, since it contains technological stakes, as well as political, economical and social ones, with a strong ethic value. Here, we'll be dealing with wondering – through this "radiography" of the French public debate – about its stakes and its purposes as well as its mediator ability between social actors
Bittencourt, Mariana. "L’évaluation de la durabilité des bâtiments universitaires : une application d'un outil multi-critères et participatif pour soutenir le processus de prise de décision". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV080/document.
Texto completoIn France, the university buildings have significant challenges to meet the environmental transition requirements for green growth. At the same time, they are key elements for the spread of the sustainable development objectives at the building, the university campus, and the city scale. Universities are institutions capable of promoting changes in society, but also are institutions that need to be changed. In other words, before being a model for society, universities should implement sustainable behavior through the promotion of sustainable practices on campus. It is possible to say that energy consumption, CO2 emissions and lack of integration with the city are the major problems faced by French universities.Nowadays, the sustainable strategies implementation to improve buildings performance faces many challenges, including the lack of experience and information to support decision-making. A participatory tool for support decision-making was developed and tested to measure the performance of the ‘Aile Sud’ building renovation strategies in the Bergerie Nationale. The performance of the ‘Aile Sud’ building renovation strategies was assessed, and some recommendations for performance improvement were suggested in a continuous improvement approach
Benoist, Jean-Claude. "Projet et prise de décision dans des institutions de formation : "étude du management participatif d'associations éducatives en Ille-et-Vilaine "". Tours, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOUR2001.
Texto completoIt is common in decision making, to associate however the information level of different actors with their own plans (h. A. Simon). The determining elements in decision making are integrate into an evolutionary field in a decisional mode include in an organizational structure. In there you can find the information system end his control, the operational standardized procedures and the personality of the different actors. One may also think that the field of decision in an association has its own characteristics and that it can be probably affected in its planning procedures by the rationality of decisions to be made. The multiplicity of partners, the great number the of interactions possibilities, the negociations between the various elements can change the processes. The following study attempts to apprehend the opposition between "planning and decision making" for peoplewho are working in training establishments with alternation pedagogy in "maison familiales of ille et vilaine france". To give a special pertinence to our "action research" we have using with nine associations the nominal group technique (ngt). This tool (ngt), virtually unknown in france, but used in usa and canada proved here, to be effective in management throught the participation in decision making with about one hundred actors. The ngt turned out to be a precise instrument as regards planning for associations and a good
Pledel, Iannis. "De l'économie de l'information à l'écologie de la communication : le rôle de la délibération dans le journalisme citoyen". Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32080.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the blog and the participative website as communications tools which place deliberation at the centre of the citizen journalism. The blog offers freedoms of expression and information which permits deliberation. However, technical and social environments create norms and boundaries. Informational closure, especially and spatial closure limite the deliberation and the democratical possibilities
Giannakourou, Georgia. "Le cadre institutionnel de l'urbanisme en Grèce". Paris 12, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA12A001.
Texto completoThe institutional system of urban planing in greece is underlined by two phenomena. The first one is an intense segmentation of the administrative actors interfering in the urban planing and a fragmentation of urban decision, both geographical and sectorial. However, and thisis the first paradox of the system, this excessive segmentation takes place in a strongly centralised administrative context. The second one, is a major intervention of social actors in the urban decision making process. Nevertheless, and this is the second paradox of the system, this intervention has, principaly, the character of an informal participation in urban decision whereas the official procedures of consultation and "concertation" remain auxiliary. Although these phenomena give evidence of the contradictions which are actually spanning the greek institutional system of urban planing, they express, at the same time, the capacity of the systel to establish a complex and delicate unity between its different elements as well as a unique capacity ofthe institutions to adapt to the pressures and demands of their environnement
Forest, Mariève. "La participation des députés à la fabrique de la décision politique : ethnographie d'une députée de l'opposition élue au Parlement du Canada". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30419.
Texto completoConchon, Aline. "Les administrateurs salariés en France : contribution à une sociologie de la participation des salariés aux décisions de l’entreprise". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM0954/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the study of board-level employee representatives, i.e. employee representatives elected by the workforce under trade union nomination who serve on their company’s board of directors [BoD] or supervisory board [SVB] with the same rights and duties than that of other directors, including the right to vote on strategic decisions. Thanks to a methodology which combines different survey techniques (documentary analysis, two case studies, questionnaire distribution, participant observation), we question the nature of the social regulation which takes place within such so-called “democratised” companies. As this subject continue to lead to misunderstanding, we start setting the scene against a twofold context: a conceptual one, going back to the definition of “workers’ participation in decision-making” in order to underline the idiosyncrasy of the BoD or SVB as a participatory scene; an historical one, analyzing the non-linear dynamics of board-level employee representation’s institutionalisation in order to shed light on its de jure dimension. We then turn to its de facto dimension. First, we question the effectiveness of this rule and we observe that, on the one hand, its application directly depends on its anchorage in a source of binding law and, on the other hand, that the uniqueness of this provision is reflected in the profile of the union members selected to serve on the board whose great majority has a particularly well-developed “activist capital”. This is because, secondly, board-level employee representative’s action specificity lies both in the corporate governance and the industrial relations systems. If his/her capacity of action is limited to the sphere of influence in the former, the BoD of SVB could however be deemed a relevant arena of collective action provided that the trade union engages in an effort aimed at articulating the various scenes of workers’ representation. We demonstrate that workers’ participation in strategic decision-making does not automatically lead to a rebalancing of power within the company, but that it can produce a reshaping of industrial relations as long as the various involved actors seize it
Mazri, Chabane. "Apport méthodologique pour la structuration de processus de décision publique en contexte participatif : Le cas des risques industriels majeurs en France". Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090031.
Texto completoModern democratic societies experience an important development of Stakeholders' participation in public decision processes. The management of such complex processes appeals both to scientific and practical answers. The aim of this thesis is to propose a conception approach that helps decision-makers to define participation structures adapted to their specific context. The distinctive characteristic of those structures is the promotion of certain rules that are, in our point of view, necessary to achieve public welfare. Those rules are fairness, competence, efficiency and legitimacy. The relevance and validity of the conception approach have been specifically studied for a particular type of public decision processes developed in France and known as Technological Risk Prevention Plans (TRPP). More precisely, the application of the proposed approach has led to the proposition of a participation guide that defines an innovative participation structure specifically adapted to the TRPP contexts
Lacan, Camille. "Les déterminants de la décision d'émettre du bouche-à-oreille sollicité : le cas des contributeurs à une campagne de financement participatif". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED055.
Texto completoDriven by the rapid evolution of the Internet, online social networks have become new channels of expression to issue and consult Word-of-Mouth (WOM). Marketers are increasingly interested in better using WOM in a communication policy. They develop strategies of “solicitation” for asking a person a recommendation of an offer to his family and acquaintances in order to achieve a goal. If the use of solicited WOM is growing, the question of an individual's response to a WOM solicitation remains unsettled. Drawing on Goal-Directed Behaviour theory (Perugini & Bagozzi, 2001), this research proposes a general model of the response to a WOM solicitation which integrates the influence of the solicitation formulation (gain vs loss), time remaining before the deadline and the type of project. The model is tested in the context of crowdfunding where a WOM solicitation is frequently used to increase the campaigns' low success rate (20%). The results of six studies show that (1) individuals respond more favourably to a WOM solicitation when the deadline is close and that effect depends on the formulation. (2) By adapting the formulation to the deadline, a solicitation is able to make the WOM action more desirable and generate an anticipated emotion of pride which in turn increases the WOM intention. The moderating effect of social risk is also validated in the response to a solicitation. (3) Finally, a WOM solicitation makes it possible to develop the visibility and increases the campaign' success rate
Debue, Anne-Sophie. "Un autre regard : enjeux de la participation infirmière durant les décisions de limitations et d'arrêts de traitements en réanimation". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASK006.
Texto completoEnd-of-life decision-making in the Intensive Care Units (I.C.U.) is often a source of dissatisfaction, moral distress & conflict among critical care workers. In this work, we focused on the French legal concept of “collegial procedure”, which is supposed to apply to end of life decision making and requires nurses participation. First, we studied the decisional processes and found they followed 5 steps : 1) Triggers for questioning the ongoing project, 2) Shared questioning, 3) Organization of a team meeting, 4) Informing the patient & his/her relatives, & 5) implementation of the final decision. We focused on variations for each of these steps and tried to understand barriers to a fruitful & satisfying collaborativeness. In a second part of this work, we tried to understand the specificities nurses may add to those end-of-life decision-making processes. We found that nurses are experts on the patient’s body & lived body (how does she/he inhabits her/his body in health but when dealing with illness). We used J.Lawler concept of somology. The third part of this work deals with the narrative work ICU caregivers manage around their unconscious patients, especially in the context of changes in the therapeutic project. This PhD thesis, hopefully, focuses on three aspects of a classical topic that are seldomly studied and provide new tools to think and improve overall satisfaction around end of life decision-making
Cardi, Quentin. "Les normes de la démocratie à l'épreuve de la participation citoyenne numérique institutionnalisée : une étude de l'appropriation du numérique par le politique dans le cadre des processus de participation citoyenne". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H200/document.
Texto completoThis thesis examines the way in which institutions use digital in their application of participatory procedures, in order to analyze how this use can solve some of the problems associated with the elements of democratic participation we frame as ''traditional''. The example of the Participatory Budget of Paris, in particular, makes it possible to highlight a new way of conceiving citizenship (which stresses the direct role of citizens in the decision making process or even autonomous decision-making on their part), representation (through case-based representation) and deliberation (which motivates the questioning of aggregation phenomena in collective decision-making processes and a study of the value ascribed to such phenomena). This work is intended to pave the way, in a reflective manner, for a widened spectrum of opportunities to be gained from the use of digital tools, in the context of a substantially evolving perception of democracy issues
Marleau, Donais Francis. "Intégrer le transport durable dans les processus décisionnels pour le réaménagement de rues : application de l’aide multicritère à la décision". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69240.
Texto completoThe numerous negative impacts linked to the democratization of cars in the last century led to rethink transportation systems and transportation planning practices. Transportation systems should be planned to safeguard long-term ecological vitality, provide basic accessibility and ensure equal access to transport services. This is sustainable transportation. Many actions and strategies were proposed in the last decades to implement sustainable transportation. Redesigning streets in favor of active and public transportation is one of these strategies. However, there is currently a gap between the plans, that adopt a sustainable transportation vision, and practices, that still realize unsustainable transportation projects. The different government levels require new decision aid tools to change their decision processes. Multicriteria decision aiding (MCDA) is one method that is more and more discussed in the transportation literature to integrate a holistic perspective to decision processes. In this regard, this thesis studies more specifically the use of MCDA to improve decision processes linked to street redesigns. First of all, a descriptive literature review was conducted to better understand the evaluation methods that are currently used in transportation decision processes. The two main evaluation methods in the field (cost-benefit analysis and MCDA) were examined according to their perceived strengths and weaknesses, to the different ways to combine them and to their abilities to integrate sustainable development principles in the decision processes. To take into account the different conceptualizations of decision-aiding, the results were analyzed according to four decision-aiding approaches based on the concept of communicative action from Habermas (objectivist, conformist, adjustive and reflexive). Subsequently, a method to develop a multicriteria spatial decision support system (MC-SDSS) to prioritize the streets to redesign as Complete Streets was proposed and applied in collaboration with the City of Quebec in Canada. Complete streets is a popular movement in North America for sustainable transportation to design " streets for everyone ". The MC-SDSS was developed during multidisciplinary group workshops (transportation, urban planning, environment, infrastructure, urban design and public participation) gathering Quebec City professionals using the MCDA method MACBETH. The development of the MC-SDSS was split in five phases: (1) structuring the problem, (2) constructing attractiveness scales, (3) deriving scaling constants, (4) validating the model and (5) producing priority maps. The process has been successful. Indeed, Quebec City has been using this MC-SDSS in the elaboration of its Complete Streets strategy since 2017. Following the MC-SDSS developed in Quebec City, a post-project evaluation framework, specific to MCDA, was generated and applied to the MC-SDSS. The evaluation framework is based on five questions: why evaluate?, what to evaluate?, on what is the evaluation based?, how to evaluate? and who is involved in the evaluation?. The evaluation was applied under the form of a series of individual interviews carried with the professionals involved in the development and use of the MC-SDSS. The interviews were about the development, use and future of the MC-SDSS and were analyzed according to the thematic analysis method. Based on the challenges and difficulties identified in the thematic analysis, various recommendations are suggested to improve practices. Finally, to assess the potential to export the development of MC-SDSS to other contexts, the practices and perceptions of professionals from 11 municipalities in the Province of Quebec were documented during multidisciplinary group workshops (infrastructure, transport, urban planning, environment and geomatics). The objectives of these workshops were (1) to create a portrait of current practices for street rehabilitation and redesign to integrate urban planning, transportation and environment and (2) to identify the issues and challenges of developing MC-SDSS in various municipal contexts. The workshops were analyzed by schematizing the current decision processes and by using the causal mapping method. A series of guidelines is proposed to allow the development of MC-SDSS with the municipalities. Those guidelines aim at easing the development of a new type of decision support system for municipalities, but also at allowing the improvement of current municipal decision processes by better integrating the sustainable vision adopted in the politics and plans and the projects realized by the professionals.
Amrouche, Ahmed. "L’examen de la relation entre la participation à la prise de décision et la satisfaction au travail : application aux enseignants du secondaire algérien". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9247.
Texto completoPaillès, Nathalie. "Approche globale d'aide à la décision d'investissement dans une stratégie de flexibilité pour les projets industriels : application à l'automobile, O.D.I.S.A.I". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0619.
Texto completoGélinas, Jocelyne. "Les effets de la participation des travailleurs à la prise de décisions sur la manifestation des comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5008/1/000611372.pdf.
Texto completoMonnet, Sophie. "L'apprentissage collaboratif, outil d'évaluation de la décision en aménagement forestier : L'étude du cas de la Table de concertation AC 043-20". Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22781/22781.pdf.
Texto completoThe public increasingly influences forestry policy in Québec. Today, in addition to the traditional decision-makers (forestry industry and governmental agency for resource management), other forest users are encouraged to participate in drafting of sustainable forest management (SFM) plans. Exchange of information during debates between participants nourishes their learning. Conversely, the roots of the debate arise from stakeholders’ knowledge and social skills. An assessment of collaborative learning can therefore throw light on the impacts of cooperation between groups. Mostly qualitative, our research combines the sociological, political and educational domains in a forestry context. Results come from an amalgamation of observations and measurements of the stakeholders’ perception during the participation process. The appraisal was performed with datas gathered from five collection tools (direct observations meetings of an advisory committee, questionnaires, evaluation forms of SFM workshops, semi-guided individual interviews and a literature review). Two focus groups were also used to validate analyses and to allow a return of results to the participants. Deliberation and collaboration strategies drive individual and collective changes. The formal expression of the SFM plan and the commitment to continual improvement process induce stakeholders’ satisfaction. Learnings partially improve fairness and the effectiveness of the decision making process. However, group members have an ambiguous perception about time while the participation process moves on to further stages. Also implementation of the plan involves some uncertainties for the participants. Moreover, the power linked to information, as the limits of representativeness of certain participants, creates relationships of differing influence between participants. Taking into consideration the dominance of the forest industry, integration of various participants’ expertise in forest planning represents an important challenge. In helping to clarify the frame of participative policies, this research offers a new indicator for monitoring cooperative decision-making. Although this research is a case of study, ten points are identified to facilitate collaborative decision making in forest management planning.
Sohi, Julia. "Favoriser la communication entre les professionnels de la santé, le patient et ses proches dans le processus de choix de soins en contexte de maladie grave : planification d'une intervention dans le cadre d'une recherche-action". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5961.
Texto completoBerny, Nathalie. "L'Union des producteurs agricoles et les interventions gouvernementales sur les problèmes d'environnement d'origine agricole, participation et contribution d'un acteur à un processus de décision publique". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ47168.pdf.
Texto completoPelletier, Mathieu. "LA DÉCISION TERRITORIALE EN CONFLIT. Analyse spatiale de l'activité conflictuelle, Ville de Québec, 1989 à 2000". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26484/26484.pdf.
Texto completoAt a time when population concentration in urban spaces is increasing and cities continue to grow into huge urbanised areas, issues related to management planning for these “ new ” territories is of interest. Such spaces which undergo deep mutations give rise to new stakes and challenges for territorial planning. Occasionally, due to lack of compatibility between the respective actors’ standpoints with respect to high stakes arising from divergent interests, conflicts emerge. Indeed, conflicts that originate from a territorial project are no longer the exception. This thesis strives to better understand the relationships that bind together territorial specificities and the dynamics of conflict activity in terms of its spatial frequency, duration and intensity. The current work uses a quantitative procedure that seeks to understand conflict dynamics by means of a spatial approach. The basis of this research is a database made up of conflicts which occurred in Quebec City over the period from 1989 to 2000. The 199 conflicts considered herein have been collected from the regional press (the newspaper daily Le Soleil). The conceptual framework proposed addresses the conflict through the prism of territorial decision-making processes. We also join in the territorial decision is geographic spaces: action space, consequences space and stakeholders’ space. It is through these spaces and, more particularly throught the stakeholders’ one that a spatial representation of conflict activity is made possible. Statistical analysis indicated that (1) the tendency of individuals to regroup around local associations and community organisations along with their ability to make their voices heard, as (2) the nature of the social composition seemed to be fundamental components both of the emergence and unravelling of the protesters’ approach. The study of the effects of local contexts suggests that conflicts are longer though not necessarily more intense or more frequent in the area where (1) the ability of individuals to come together and take the floor is moderate and (2) the population is both the most easily mobilizable and the better off at the regional level. We believe that these are the conditions that lead to a conflict activity with long duration, ie individuals with time and resources, but not well equipped in terms of action strategies in times of conflict activity.