Tesis sobre el tema "Déblais de dragage – Recyclage – Environnement"
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Lecomte, Tristan. "Évaluation environnementale des sédiments de dragage et de curage dans la perspective de leur valorisation dans le domaine du génie civil". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUI032.
Texto completoThe management and beneficial reuse of non-immersible dredged sediments are major scientific and industrial issues. The industrial research chair " Circular Economy of Sediments: EcoSed ", launched in 2014 by IMT Lille Douai, aims at answering these issues through a multidisciplinary approach. As part of this Doctoral Thesis, investigations were carried out under a partnership research context by combining sediment managers and industrial partners. More specifically, this work aims at (i) to set up a methodological approach to measuring the intrinsic eco-toxicity of sediments prior to their beneficial reuse; (ii) to implement the multi-scale national approach “SEDIMATERIAUX” to check the environmental safety of marine dredged sediment used as aggregates in road concretes; (iii) to compare the national approach on the reuse of alternative materials in road engineering with the European framework developed for environmental assessment of construction products. The results of this work allowed to propose a preparation protocol for the sediment matrix and a sensitive battery of bioassays. Environmental assessment of marine sediments reuse in the field of civil engineering (road concrete, roadbed, roller compacted concrete) allowed validating the environmental safety of these materials and to highlight the achievement of the good trace elements stabilization through their microstructure
Agostini, Franck. "Inertage et valorisation des sédiments de dragage marins". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00119833.
Texto completoLa valorisation des sédiments traités comme granulat de substitution dans les matériaux à matrice cimentaire fait l'objet de ce travail de thèse.
La caractérisation de ces granulats a révélé une porosité et une absorption d'eau très élevées. Constitués par l'agglomération de particules plus fines ils se révèlent friables. Cependant, utilisés en substitution d'un sable de Seine classique pour la confection d'un mortier, l'étude expérimentale de valorisation a montré des gains de résistance à la compression uniaxiale, et ce, même pour une substitution complète du sable. Ces gains ont été attribués au phénomène de cure interne, à l'amélioration de l'interface pâte granulat ainsi qu'à un effet filler. Cela pourrait également expliquer la réduction observée de la perméabilité au gaz. La déformabilité des granulats conduit toutefois à un retrait de dessiccation élevé. Une formulation appropriée permet également l'obtention d'un matériau durable vis-à-vis, notamment, du gel/dégel ou de l'exposition à l'eau de mer.
La valorisation dans les matériaux cimentaires est donc envisageable.
Lecomte, Tristan. "Évaluation environnementale des sédiments de dragage et de curage dans la perspective de leur valorisation dans le domaine du génie civil". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I032/document.
Texto completoThe management and beneficial reuse of non-immersible dredged sediments are major scientific and industrial issues. The industrial research chair " Circular Economy of Sediments: EcoSed ", launched in 2014 by IMT Lille Douai, aims at answering these issues through a multidisciplinary approach. As part of this Doctoral Thesis, investigations were carried out under a partnership research context by combining sediment managers and industrial partners. More specifically, this work aims at (i) to set up a methodological approach to measuring the intrinsic eco-toxicity of sediments prior to their beneficial reuse; (ii) to implement the multi-scale national approach “SEDIMATERIAUX” to check the environmental safety of marine dredged sediment used as aggregates in road concretes; (iii) to compare the national approach on the reuse of alternative materials in road engineering with the European framework developed for environmental assessment of construction products. The results of this work allowed to propose a preparation protocol for the sediment matrix and a sensitive battery of bioassays. Environmental assessment of marine sediments reuse in the field of civil engineering (road concrete, roadbed, roller compacted concrete) allowed validating the environmental safety of these materials and to highlight the achievement of the good trace elements stabilization through their microstructure
Dubois, Vincent. "Etude du comportement physico-mécanique et caractérisation environnementale des sédiments marins : valorisation en technique routière". Artois, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ARTO0201.
Texto completoThis research work aims to develop alternatives solutions to the traditional practice which consists in dumping at sea of dredged materials, and to provide a new granular material source for the Civil Engineering domain: in France, each year, more than 350 M tons of granular materials are used, while opening new carriers, due to environmental constraints, is more and more difficult. Dredged materials induce large volumes to manage (approximately 50 Mm3, in France, each year). Traditionally, the chosen solution to manage lightly contaminated dredged sediments consists in dumping the sediments at sea, however with the increase of environmental awareness and the progress of national and international regulation, harbours managers are concerned by developing alternative solutions to the traditional practice. The main objective of this work is to develop an alternative solution where dredged sediments are used as a road sub-base material, in the framework of a general proposed methodology, which meets technical as environmental criterions. To develop this methodology and to enhance our understanding of the general behaviour of dredged sediments: physical, chemical, mineralogical as mechanical studies were undertaken and the influence of some key parameters were explored. This study point out the role of organic matters and salts on the behaviour and puts the first stakes for modelling the mechanical behaviour of the dredged material. N the context of beneficial reuse as a road construction material, the water content reduction constitutes an important parameter to control. After dredging, generally, the water content of marine sediments is above 150 %. In this work, the natural decantation has been chosen and studied in order to evaluate the limits of this process. The last part of this study concern design of the material, treated with hydraulic binders, based on marine sediments. The durability of defined material has been evaluated through a mechanical and environmental study. This study is in the framework of collaborative research work with Dunkerque and Gravelines / Grand Fort Philippe harbours. The methodology was tested through the achievement of experimental road. In first time, this application, allowed to confront laboratory experiments with real conditions of building site
Brakni, Samira. "Première approche vers une valorisation de granulats artificiels à base de sédiments de dragage portuaire : application en génie côtier". Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0201.
Texto completoFaced with problems of dredged sediments managing and coastal erosion, it is now necessary to find solutions to solve and to limit effectively these problems. In this study, it proposes to study the feasibility of artificial aggregates with dredged sediment of ports for a beneficial use in coastal engineering. The referred application specifically concerns the use of these aggregates for beaches reloading. In a first phase, the general characterization of natural sediment consists in a specific preparation of sediment, before the step of treatment by a specific hydraulic cement, in order to ensure the consistency of cemented paste and to solidify the material. The second step is the development of a methodology for making aggregates by extrusion. The basic parameters leading to an equilibrium dynamic of the beach and to her protection define the physical and mechanical criteria required for aggregates. The impact of treatment is analysed with an environmental and mineralogical characterization of aggregates. One approach of aggregates behaviour in a wave flume under various swells reveals equilibrium dynamic and a protection of the beach, thanks to the porosity of the beach structure and to effects of drainage, accompanied by accretion of beach-face leading to dissipation of swells energy (no erosion impact)
Grégoire, Pascal. "Modèle conceptuel d'aide à la décision multicritère pour le choix négocié d'un scénario de dragage maritime". Artois, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ARTO0201.
Texto completoDredging works pose the problem of the transfer and what to do with the products to be evacuated, taking into account the economic repercussions and environmental aspects linked to protection of the environment. The environmental asssessment process, reinforced by study of the impact on the environment, within a context of information and participation of the actors concerned enables orientation of an iterative and negotiated approach that correponds to a social logic. Our aim is to make available to the numerous participants an oprerational tool for piloting operations that corresponds to the choice of thebest techniques and to theproblem what to do with the products. The approach we are proposing is based on multi-criteria analysis. This analysis takes into account the technical, economic,environmental, regulatory, health and social parameters, as well as their weighting. This weighting of criteria is necessary to assess the solutions or alternative variants in a context of durable development
Tran, Ngoc Thanh. "Valorisation de sédiments marins et fluviaux en technique routière". Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0202.
Texto completoThis work is undertaken in the framework of a general topic developed in Civil Engineering & Environmental Department of the Ecole des Mines de Douai relating to the development of alternative solutions for a better management of dredged and flushed sediments. The research carried out in this work focus on the beneficial use of marine and river sediments in road engineering. Following an identification of the physical and the mechanical characteristics, the mineralogical composition, the environmental impact of raw sediments and the potential use of these materials in road engineering are evaluated. To improve, in particular, the mechanical performances of the sediments, granular correctors (dredged and career sands) were used. The design of the materials for a use in road foundation was based on two methods: the experience gained in the laboratory through studies of sediments from the West port of Dunkirk and the port of Gravelines and the Compressible Packing Model largely developed for design of concrete. For the latter method, a new technique for the measurement of the actual packing density of granular class is developed. The experimental method complies with the method used for samples preparation for performing mechanical tests in road construction domain. The mixtures defined are then treated with cement and/or lime to improve their mechanical performances. Based on this approach, the developed mixtures fulfill the criteria allowing their use in road foundation (from mechanical point of view). The environmental impact of the mixtures developed is also explored through leaching tests. Finally, the design of a structure of the pavement on the base of mixtures created was undertaken. The objective of this modeling is to compare the thickness of layers obtained as compared to a structure of the pavement type with standard materials, but also to undertake the first comparative study between a numerical tool dedicated to design pavements and a generalist computer code "ABQUS". The latter will allow the integration of more realistic models for materials behaviors than the elastic models used in specific tools of roadways design
Amar, Mouhamadou Al Amine. "Traitement des sédiments de dragage pour une valorisation dans les matrices cimentaires". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10154/document.
Texto completoIn France, construction sector annual needings for granular materials are close to 400 million tonnes, of which 96% are natural origin. Therefore it becames highly necessary to find alternatives solutions, in particular by valorisation of industrial by-products (IBP) such as dredging sediments. Marine sediments are designated as a secondary raw material in this study. However, the latter may present some levels of pollution, with the presence of organic matter (5% to 30%), relatively high water content (50% to 200%) and a fairly fine granulometry (≤ 300 µm). Currently, research target to use them as a supplementary mineral addition in concrete after efficient methods of treatment that improve some physico-chemical properties. The aim of this this study is to establish a profitable methodology for the use of sediments in cementitious matrix. We first lead a bibliographical review on this subject. At the experimental level, a physico-chemical characterization was carried out, determining the major parameters to be considered, the effects of the treatment on material properties, the likely impact of the presence of sediments in the cementitious matrix, and an experimental methodology to quantify these various effects. The cementitious materials formulated will be analysed and characterized at four scales: physico-chemical, mechanical, durability and the environmental impact. An analysis of the mechanical results makes possible to assess the activity of this material and to implement adapted formulation laws
Miraoui, Mohamed. "Prétraitement et traitement des sédiments de dragage en vue d'une valorisation dans le génie civil". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10168/document.
Texto completoThis work is integrated in global thematic developed in Civil Engineering & Environmental Department of the Ecole des Mines de Douai. This thematic relate to the valorization of industrial co products to development an alternative solutions in terms of civil engineering materials. The experimental study developed in this thesis consists to use two materials: dredged sediment and steel slag.The manuscript content five chapters for discuss this approach to developed an experimental methodology to the valorisation of these materials in road construction. In the first chapter, a literature study of dredged sediments and steel slag has been realised. In this part, we studied composition, current management and actual legislation setting their management. In the second chapter, the general characterisation of used materials has been achieved. This part tends to understand the physical, mechanical and environmental behaviour of dredged sediment and steel slag. The third chapter, the natural drying of two types of fine dredged sediments is discussed. In the following, the efficiency of the evaporation and/or drainage has been discussed. The object of this part is to observe the results in terms of water-content decrease by evaporation and drainage in terms to physical characteristics, composition and initial water content of the sediments. The fourth chapter consists to develop a formulation of road materials of dredged sediments mixed to steel slag. Firstly, the treatment of the efficiency of sediment treatments with lime and cement are discussed. Then, a making of a road material with dredged sediment treated with steel slag is discussed. In this part we adapted of packing density model to sediments and steel slags. The last chapter considers the design of base course composed of sediments and steel slags. The design is realised according to méthode française de dimensionnements des chaussées
Dia, Moussa. "Traitement et valorisation de sédiments de dragage phosphatés en technique routière". Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0206/document.
Texto completoDredging of sediments is necessary in order to maintain maritime activities and for flood prevention. However increased industrial activities are causing accumulation of pollutants in the sediments. The main contaminants are heavy metals and organic compounds. Because of the cost of storage, treatment and valorization can be economically sound. This study focuses on the technology to treat heavy metals from dredged sediments using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) (the Novosol®process developed by Solvay company) with a goal to stabilize heavy metals by capturing them in a calcium phosphate matrix and to destroy organic matter by calcination at 650°C. Several studies have been conducted in this field. The stabilized materials obtained have been used in civil engineering. However these studies have never assessed the effect of the composition of the phosphoric acid on the treatment. In this thesis dissertations the effect of two types of phosphoric acids with various purities and origins provide by PRAYON company were compared. The investigation focuses on the effect of the phosphoric acids on the environmental behavior of metals and on the geotechnical properties of the dredged sediment. The environmental study has shown that the concentration of heavy metals released by materials made from treated sediments are below the regulation limits . The results obtained with the different types of acids are comparable. This allows to consider the use of treated dredged sediment by process Novosol® as road materials
Banoune, Brahim. "Comportement mécanique et durabilité des matériaux routiers à différents dosages en sédiments fins". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0032.
Texto completoManagement of large volume of sediment from the dam and river dredging is important economic and environmental challenge. An ecological alternative of storage or disposal at sea must be considered in order to develop this raw material. These sediments are interesting in civil engineering particularly for the roadworks sector. In this thesis we focused on dredging materials of Kherrata and Wadi Soummam.We studied the physical characteristic, mineralogical and mechanical of sediments. This characterization showed that it is necessary to improve their mechanical properties if we hope to used sediments on roadworks. For that we have chosen to realized an hydraulic treatement with binder (hydrated lime and cement). A non-exhaustive parametric study was conducted by varying percentage of binder in sediment. We are also interested to the influence of particle size correctors on the mechanical behavior. The treatment with lime or cement can improve the mechanical caracteristic. However, cement treatment offers the advantage to be more interesting in terms of incorporated dosage and length of treatment. From the durability point of view cement treatment of our sediment is more appropriate and provides a final material to be used in subgrade layer in accordance with the GTR reglementation
Khezami, Issameddine. "Approche expérimentale de valorisation des sédiments de dragage dans des applications de Génie Civil". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10179/document.
Texto completoThe topic on the use of sediments is booming for several years. It mainly concerns marine and river sediments. As for the latter, they have a particular physico-chemical composition with higher amounts of minerals and organic matter compared to marine sediments. Moreover, compared with other parts of French territory, the sediments of the region of Nord –Pas-de-Calais are characterized as "contaminated". That's why many researchs were initiated to find new avenues for development of dredged sediments in civil engineering. The main purpose of this research aims to propose a solution for the use of dredged sediment mainly three river sediments from the Nord-Pas-de Calais region for a valuation on road under layers , eco modeled landscape and the development of cementitious materials. In experimental management point of view, the choice of sediment mixtures was determined by the requirements of each reclamation operation. For this, a mixture of sediment of Deule and Croix was chosen for the valuation landscaped mound, a formulation containing sediments of Deûle and Hem has been studied for a valuation road construction. As for the valuation cementitious materials, we used the sediment of the Deule. A mathematical model of decision support validated the choice of different formulations. This work was done in collaboration with the GPMD and LMCU. The validation of the scientific method has been tested on a semi-industrial scale, through the construction of two experimental boards, which helped, initially, to assess the impact of sediments on valuation and the industrial feasibility on site
Boucard, Linda. "Etude experimentale : valorisation de sediments fluviaux stabilises". Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECLI0002.
Texto completoThe river transport is a major stake for the development of the human societies. It generates employment, unblocks the road traffic and contributes to the sustainable development. The silting of the inland waterways makes necessary and compulsory their maintenance. The absence of clearing out of the sediments accentuates the risks of flood, involves a river traffic restraint going until the complete inactivity of certain water ways, causing deviations and the fall of competitivity for a whole sector. The extraction of the sediments is not systematic because it raises problems of an ecological, political and financial nature. The important volume of sediments polluted (heavy metals, organic matter. . . ) to dredge requires an assumption of responsibility, currently, unsuitable or non-existent. Our samples were treated so that heavy metals are stabilized there. After a study of the various solutions and existing treatments, we worked in partnership with the company SOLVAY which developed the chemical process NOVOSOL® based on phosphoric acid. The valorisation of these new stabilized products was the objective of this work of thesis. After an environmental and mineral characterization of the sediments before and after treatment, we worked out and characterized new building materials containing stabilized river sediments. The applications were limited to compressed elements and concretes. These first tracks of valorisation offer attractive and evolutionary prospects thanks to the acquired lesson, with the improvement of methodology, a better control of materials and of their implementation
Azrar, Hassane. "Contribution à la valorisation des sédiments de dragage portuaire : technique routière, béton et granulats artificiels". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10171/document.
Texto completoIn front of problems of management of harbour dredging sediment, today, it appears necessary to find potential solutions of valosisation allowing to answer effectively these problems. the valorisation in civil engineering, of not immergeables sediments of ports of Dunkirk and Saint Louis, presents an alternative solution to the management of these materials. the works undertaken within the framework of this thesis are focused on the one hand, on the valorisation of Saint Louis sediment in road construction, and the other hand on the valorisation of Dunkirk sediment in concrete as well as artificials agregates. After physicochimical characterisation, mineralogical and mechanical, environmental impact of raw sediment of Saint Louis harbour and the potential use of these materials in road constuction are evaluated. the study of formulation of materials, for use in layer fondation, was based on an experimental method of determination of maximum compactness. The optimal granular mixtures fulfilling the terms of a use in a layer fondation are the evaluated through leaching tests. The concrete party concerns the formulation of the concretes containing Dunkerk sediment. After the characterisation of these materials, three concretes were the object of a durability study vis-a-vis the external sulphate attack associated with a not destructive characterisation in order to study the influence of incorporation of sediment on properties of concretes. The artificial aggregates party presents the feasibility study of aggregates with sediment, the granular plate and the big-bag technique are two making method used
Banoune, Brahim. "Comportement mécanique et durabilité des matériaux routiers à différents dosages en sédiments fins". Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0032.
Texto completoManagement of large volume of sediment from the dam and river dredging is important economic and environmental challenge. An ecological alternative of storage or disposal at sea must be considered in order to develop this raw material. These sediments are interesting in civil engineering particularly for the roadworks sector. In this thesis we focused on dredging materials of Kherrata and Wadi Soummam.We studied the physical characteristic, mineralogical and mechanical of sediments. This characterization showed that it is necessary to improve their mechanical properties if we hope to used sediments on roadworks. For that we have chosen to realized an hydraulic treatement with binder (hydrated lime and cement). A non-exhaustive parametric study was conducted by varying percentage of binder in sediment. We are also interested to the influence of particle size correctors on the mechanical behavior. The treatment with lime or cement can improve the mechanical caracteristic. However, cement treatment offers the advantage to be more interesting in terms of incorporated dosage and length of treatment. From the durability point of view cement treatment of our sediment is more appropriate and provides a final material to be used in subgrade layer in accordance with the GTR reglementation
Nguyen, Thanh Binh. "Valorisation des sédiments de dragage traités par le procédé NOVOSOL(R) dans des matériaux d'assises de chaussée : comportement mécanique et environnemental". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/704/.
Texto completoThe management of dredged sediments is a challenge for our society because of their huge volume. The contamination of heavy metals and organic micro pollutants make that the majority of dredged sediments are regarded as dangerous waste and are put in discharge. This isn't in the same point of view of the durable development policy: the French law supports the valorization so that only ultimate waste is put in discharge. In this context, Solvay Company has developed the process NOVOSOL(r) for the treatment of the dredged sediments polluted. The process comprises two stages: an immobilization of heavy metals by formation of apatite under a phosphatising reaction with acid phosphoric and a destruction of the organic matter by a calcination. The goal of this thesis is to use river sediments treated by the process NOVOSOL(r) in road base materials. Experimental studies in laboratory comprise two aspects: mechanical performance and leaching behaviour. The treated sediments by NOVOSOL(r) are introduced into road base mixes treated with cementitious binders as substitute for regular sand. The preparation of materials according to the normalized methodology in laboratory does not present any difficulty. As the treated sediments content increases, the water demand increases and the materials are less compact than reference material. This is due to the characteristics of treated sediments: important ratio of fines, friability and the porosity of granular. These characteristics have as a consequence to weaken the granular skeleton, which results in a reduction in the stiffness module of materials. On the other side, the reactivity of treated sediments NOVOSOL(r) in the matrix of cimentitious binder and a better homogeneity of materials lead to an improvement of the tensile strength. Mechanical performance of all the materials with of treated sediments NOVOSOL(r) evaluated by index of elastic quality is better than that of the reference material. .
Bel, Hadj Ali Imen. "Contribution à l'étude des sédiments marins tunisiens : cas des ports de Radès et de Gabès". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0022.
Texto completoCommercial harbors, which represent the basis for numerous exchanges of goods and services at the national and international levels, play a key role in the Tunisian economy. Then, dredging of accumulated sediments has always been required to have a proper functioning of trade by sea. These sediments are either discarded at sea or landfilled. Disposal at sea is prohibited for polluted sediments but it remains the most adopted solution in Tunisia as it is the cheapest one.The objective of this research project is to study the environmental and geotechnical characteristics of sediments dredged from two Tunisian harbors: Rades and Gabes and to find new paths of management of at least one of these dredged sediments. Focus is made on the possibility of a recycling method, which consists in the reuse of sediments as added product in construction or road materials. This solution should have a great economic and environmental interest. The first harbor represents the main facility place in the national transport chain. The second one is selected as its sediments present a serious ecological constraint caused by the discharge of wastes into the marine environment. Physical, chemical, mineralogical and environmental characteristics are determined in order to draw up an accomplished synopsis of studied sediments
Kasmi, Abdelhafid. "Prétraitement et traitement des sédiments fluviaux en vue d’une valorisation en technique routière". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10173/document.
Texto completoThe work in this thesis focuses on the valorization of river sediments in sub-base. The characterization of these sediments allowed us to draw up their detailed identity card including physico-chemical geotechnical and environmental properties. This characterization is essential before any approach aiming to evaluate the potential use of the sediments in road engineering. The dehydration of the sediments is an essential pretreatment. Their dehydration has been optimized by using a method known as “bed of drying”. The influence of dehydration on the sediments characteristics by adding polymers (auxiliary of flocculation) was explored. In order to improve the mechanical performances of sediments, several treatments were developed and tested such as hydraulic binders or addition of granular reinforcements. These various treatments were tested on flocculated and non-flocculated sediments. To optimize the compacity of river sediments-additions (Bolonnais Sand) mixtures, we used the Compressible Packing Model. These results lead us to build an experimental board to validate our approach of valorization. A mechanical and environmental follow-up and analysis of percolation and runoff waters were carried out. The results achieved in laboratory and in-situ consolidate us to use rivers sediments in sub-base
Bel, Hadj Ali Imen. "Contribution à l'étude des sédiments marins tunisiens : cas des ports de Radès et de Gabès". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957865.
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