Tesis: "Culture familiale"

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Lanier, Valérie. "L'accueil des enfants (d') immigrés dans les écoles françaises : éducation entre culture familiale et culture du pays d'arrivée". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00696486.

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Les enfants (d') immigrés sont porteurs d'une langue et d'une culture familiales différentes de celles de la société d'arrivée et de son école. Or, la langue et la culture familiales jouent un rôle important dans le développement harmonieux de l'enfant et son " intégration " à la société d'arrivée. L'école qui doit permettre à l'enfant d'une part de se construire en tant qu'individu et d'autre part de trouver sa place dans la société où il vit, véhicule une culture différente, considérée comme légitime. Que fait-elle des langues et cultures familiales des enfants (d') immigrés? Jusque dans les années 1970, rien de particulier n'était prévu pour les enfants (d') immigrés scolarisés. Ils devaient se fondre dans la masse des élèves. Avec la mise en place d'une politique de regroupement familial, l'institution scolaire a commencé à prendre en compte ces enfants. Deux dispositifs ont été institués : des structures d'accueil pour les enfants non francophones et des enseignements de langue et culture d'origine. Cependant, si ces dispositifs constituent un premier pas dans la prise en compte des enfants (d') immigrés dans les écoles, elles restent dans une logique simultanément assimilationniste et différencialiste. Au delà de la conception de ces dispositifs, les observations effectuées dans les classes d'accueil et les cours de langue et culture d'origine de Côte d'Or ainsi que les entretiens et les enquêtes réalisées auprès des enseignants de ce département ont montré différents problèmes matériels, techniques et humains dans leur fonctionnement. Par ailleurs, la période de scolarisation joue un rôle important dans la construction des enfants et ce que l'on y enseigne marque pour longtemps. Ainsi, la place donnée aux cultures extra-occidentales ainsi que l'image de l'autre véhiculée au cours de celle-ci, en particulier par les manuels scolaires, d'une part constituent le miroir de la manière de voir l'autre plus généralement dans la société d'arrivée, et d'autre part emportera des conséquences sur le long terme, sur la société de demain. L'occidentalo-centrisme qui caractérise l'enseignement de l'histoire et de la littérature entraîne une dévalorisation/stigmatisation de l'Autre, de ses langues et de ses cultures qui est transmise aux élèves.

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2

Billon, Dominique. "La marque Apple comme ressource dans la construction de l'identité familiale : une approche auto-ethnographique". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR015.

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La recherche se situe dans le courant de la Consumer Culture Theory dans la lignée de travaux récents visant à comprendre les relations collectives à une marque. La marque n’est plus pensée comme une « chose » fabriquée exclusivement par l’entreprise, mais comme un processus dans lequel sont impliqués de multiples acteurs échappant souvent au contrôle de l’entreprise. La thèse investigue comment la marque s’insère et est insérée dans les réseaux de relations, les pratiques et les représentations des consommateurs au sein de leur famille sur trois générations. La méthodologie est basée sur l’auto-ethnographie, une méthode rarement utilisée dans la recherche sur la marque. Le dispositif déployé permet une compréhension fine des interactions et stratégies des personnes, grâce à la prise en compte du temps long (trente ans) et à la multivocalité. La thèse étend le concept de « cultural branding » au niveau de la famille, en introduisant le concept de « réseau familial de marque » qui rend compte de la façon dont familles et marques s’imbriquent dans notre société. En décrivant une réalité différente des principes de gestion de la marque dans lesquels l’entreprise est supposée influencer un consommateur isolé, la thèse renouvelle les approches conventionnelles de la relation marque-consommateur et complète les approches communautaires de la marque
This thesis is situated in the research stream called Consumer Culture Theory (CCT), in line with recent research trying to understand the collective relationships to a brand. The brand is no more understood as a “thing” created by a company (brand as a name), but as a process (branding as a verb) in which many participants play different roles, frequently outside the control of the company. The thesis investigates how the brand becomes embedded in the networks of relationships, practices and discourses within a family through three generations. The methodology is based on an autoethnography, a method rarely used in consumer and branding research. This approach enables a deep understanding of the interactions and strategies of people, taking a long-term perspective (thirty years) and considering the multivocality. This thesis is an extension of cultural branding at the family level, by introducing the concept of « brand family network », which reports how families and brands are embedded in our society. The thesis describes a reality different from the traditional principles of brand management, based on the idea that the company is supposed to influence a single consumer. By doing so, it extends the understanding of consumer-brand relationships, and complement the approach of the brand communities

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3

Oliveira, Lira Patricia. "La maltraitance envers les enfants comme forme actuelle du malaise dans la culture". Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131003.

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La maltraitance envers les enfants occupe le devant de la scène sociopolitique dans l’actualité. Les discours à la fois moraux et savants qui la balisent, la mettent au rang des phénomènes à peine reconnus comme réalité légitime et dignes d’attention. La terreur et le scandale donnent la tonalité d’une médiatisation sensationnaliste et instaurent une suspicion généralisée où l’adulte, surtout ceux qui jouent le rôle de parents, deviennent des criminels potentiels, et où l’enfant supposé fragile et innocent, devient potentiellement victime. Cette étude, éminemment théorique, essaye de comprendre la logique subjective derrière une telle problématisation. Pour ce faire, elle part de l’hypothèse qui va à l’envers du discours prédominant, à savoir, qu’il s’agit plutôt d’une notion construite – celle de maltraitance – que d’un fait donné – celui d’un enfant maltraité – et que cette construction dévoile un rapport spécifique des subjectivités contemporaines avec la place occupée par l’enfant. Dans un premier temps, ce travail fait l’effort de situer les termes de cette construction en évoquant les notions de danger, de victime en rapport avec le traumatisme psychique et de l’enfant de droit. Dans un deuxième temps, il s’intéresse à une approche psychanalytique à partir des concepts de trauma, de l’infantile et de fantasme, articulés à l’image de l’enfant maltraité pour, finalement, considérer la notion de maltraitance comme une forme du malaise dans la culture
The question of children who are victims of mistreatment is currently a central point of the socio-politic scene. The discourses of both moral and expert points of views tend to trivialize this question. They put it away like a phenomena which is not really recognized as being legitimate and without paying attention. Terror and scandal set the tone of a sensationalist media and introduce a widespread suspicion that adults, especially those who play the role of parents, become potential criminals, and in which the child supposed to be fragile and innocent, could become a potential victim. This study which is highly theoretical issue, tries to understand the subjective logic that could be hidden behind such questioning. To respond to it, the start of our work is to adopt the opposite hypothesis of the dominant discourse. Our point of view focuses on the fact that mistreatment is anchoring in a dynamic process rather than in a simple ‘given fact’, that is ill-treated child. This mistreatment construction has specially something to do with the contemporary subjectivities and the place that occupied by the child. At first, our work strives to highlight the terms of this construction by evoking the notions of danger and of victim in relation with the psychic trauma and with of child of law. In a second time, it is interested in a psychoanalytic approach from the concepts of trauma, of infantile sexuality and of phantasm, articulated at the image of the ill-treated child to ultimately consider the notion of mistreatment as a form of the culture uneasiness

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4

Hoffet-Gachelin, Marie-Eve. "Champ culturel dans la construction de la vie psychique du tout-petit : Recherche à partir des observations de bébé au Vietnam". Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2011_hoffet.pdf.

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Comment enseigner la psychopathologie clinique d'inspiration psychanalytique au Vietnam ? La psychanalyse constitue-t-elle un savoir universel sur les souffrances des individus ? La question sera abordée à partir de l'observation d'un bébé vietnamien dans sa famille selon la méthode d'Esther Bick. Les pratiques de maternages vont se révéler très différentes selon les cultures et influencer la construction de la vie psychique. Il s'avèrera utile de différencier la construction du contenant psychique qui sera posée comme universelle et l'acquisition des contenus de penser qui sont transmis par les pratiques de maternage, elles mêmes le reflet des représentations de l'individu et de l'enfant dans une société donnée. Il devient alors nécessaire d'inclure les résultats des recherches modernes en neurosciences, en éthologie ainsi qu'en psychologie du développement pour valider cette conclusion. Ces différentes recherches donnent une place aux interactions avec les personnes qui s'occupent du tout-petit. La réflexion est engagée à partir du processus de séparation d'avec la mère, qui interroge la notion d'individu au Vietnam comme en France. La recherche tend à montrer que le concept, tel que nous avons l'habitude de le présenter, n'est pas universel, qu'il contient des inflexions culturelles qui n'ont pas été reconnue jusque dans nos propres pratiques de maternage et de leurs conséquences
How can clinical psychopathology based on psychoanalytical theories be taught in Vietnam? Is psychoanalysis a universal knowledge on the sufferings of people? Those questions will be approached through the observation of Vietnamese babies, using the method developed by Esther Bick. Mothering practices appear to be rather different depending on the cultures considered and appear to influence early steps in the construction of psyche. It turned out that it was useful to make a distinction between the construction of the psychic container, assumed to be a universal process, and acquiring thinking contents, transmitted through mothering practices, the latter themselves reflecting representations of individuals and children in a given society. It then becomes compulsory, in order to validate our conclusions, to include in the approach results obtained by recent research in neuroscience, in ethology as well as in studies on the development of the mind. Those different approaches restate its proper place to interactions among people taking care of the baby. Thought is initiated after the process of parting from the mother, a process which questions the notion of individual in Vietnam as well as in France. Our research suggests that the concept of separation from the mother, as we are used to think of it, is not of universal value and contains cultural inflexions which had not been recognized as yet in our own practices of mothering and the consequences they bear on

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5

Hakizimana, Aloys. "La politique de santé reproductive et planification familiale au Burundi, contraintes issues de la contradiction entre communication et culture dans un contexte de développement". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60593.pdf.

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6

Houvet-Carrau, Christiane. "Capital social de l'entreprise familiale : les patrimoines individuels d'habitudes des dirigeants membres de la famille comme clé d'exploration des dimensions cognitive et relationnelle". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0013.

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Cette thèse propose une exploration du lien entre le capital social familial et les dimensionscognitive et relationnelle du capital social organisationnel de l'entreprise familiale (EF). La rechercheconduite allie fondamentaux théoriques de l'EF et théories de la sociologie, psychosociologie etpsychanalyse. En considérant que la famille, via sa culture, fournit un socle de lectures partagées dela réalité et influence les schèmes d'action et de pensée de ses membres, la question se pose del'impact sur le construit socio-culturel de l'EF, de l’entrechoquement ou de la superposition de cesschèmes (entre générations, membres d’une fratrie, ou membres de la famille et salariés exogènes).Pour aborder les ambivalences animant ces synergies famille-individu-entreprise, nous adaptons leconcept de PIH (Patrimoines Individuels d'Habitudes) développé par Kaufmann (2001) aux dirigeantsfamiliaux (DF), dans le cadre d'un cas unique (EF sous contrôle familial depuis le 19e siècle) précédéd'un cas exploratoire, et en enrichissant ce concept des dimensions émotions-psyché-affects. Unmodèle de cube dialectique est exploité pour une analyse et une mise en perspective inter ettransgénérationnelle conduisant à l'identification d'un "processus de gestion des PIH" des DF.L'analyse des risques attachés à ce processus offre un double axe de réflexion et d'action aux DF,l'un relatif au capital social interne de l'organisation, l'autre à la gouvernance. Le design de larecherche, abductif, de nature qualitative et interprétative, combine techniques de récits de vie,cartes cognitives, questionnaires, matrices processuelles, génogrammes, analyses des risques etélaboration de plans d'action
The objective of this thesis is to explore the link between family social capital and the cognitive andrelational dimensions of the family firm (FF) social capital. At the crossroads of managementsciences, sociology and psychoanalysis, this work contributes to a better knowledge of the FF, whichintermingles, because of its very nature, emotions and affects in a very specific and ambivalent way.We consider that the family, through its culture, provides a shared framework to tackle reality andinfluences therefore the patterns of action and thought of its members. Thus, the question arises ofthe impact of the confrontation or superposition of these patterns (between generations, betweenbrothers and sisters, or family members and non-family employees) on the organizational culture ofthe FF. To address the ambivalences animating these family-individual-business synergies, we adaptthe concept of ICH (Individual Capitals of Habits) developed by Kaufmann (2001) to family-membermanagers (FMM), throughout a single case (preceded by an exploratory case), and we enriched itwith emotion-psyche-affect dimensions. Thus we use a dialectical cube model as a framework ofanalysis to shed light, from the inter and transgenerational angle, on a ICH management process.The analysis of the risks induced by this transversal process provides FMM with means to improveinternal organizational social capital and FF governance. The design of the research is abductive,based on a qualitative and interpretative approach. It combines FMM life stories, cognitive maps,semi directive interviews (non-family-member managers), matrices of process analysis, genograms,and risk analysis

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7

Hauswirth, Damien. "Évaluation agro-économique ex-ante de systèmes de culture en agriculture familiale : le cas de l'agriculture de conservation en zone tropicale humide de montagne (Nord Vietnam)". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure agronomique de montpellier - AGRO M, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944072.

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Pour faire face aux transitions démographiques et alimentaires en cours, une intensification des systèmes agricoles est nécessaire. Ceci génère des questions quant à la nature des systèmes à concevoir et sur les conditions de leur acceptabilité économique et sociale. Ces questions sont plus particulièrement cruciales dans des contextes de petite agriculture familiale et de pression élevée sur les ressources naturelles, dont les zones tropicales humides d'Asie constituent un exemple typique. Dans cette région, l'agriculture de conservation est considérée par différents acteurs de la recherche agronomique et du développement rural comme un moyen de parvenir à une intensification durable de l'agriculture. Dans ce contexte, notre travail avait pour objectif général d'évaluer dans quelle mesure l'agriculture de conservation peut constituer une réponse efficace au plan agronomique et adaptée aux contraintes et besoins de petits producteurs familiaux dans une région montagneuse caractérisée par une forte pression sur les ressources naturelles et un taux de pauvreté élevé. Nous avons d'abord effectué un diagnostic des facteurs critiques de durabilité associés à la diversité des systèmes agricoles conventionnels sur pente. Pour ce faire, nous avons développé une approche originale combinant différentes méthodes d'analyse multivariée et de classification. Cette approche appliquée au cas de la production de maïs sur pentes nous a permis d'identifier 5 types de systèmes de production et 7 types de systèmes de cultures aux performances contrastées en termes d'atteinte d'objectifs de durabilité. Les caractéristiques territoriales à différentes échelles, de l'écorégion au village, ont été identifiées comme prévalant sur les caractéristiques biophysiques des parcelles et l'accès aux moyens de production à l'échelle de l'exploitation pour expliquer la diversité des systèmes de culture sur pentes. Améliorer simultanément la productivité agricole et la rentabilité économique des systèmes de cultures semble réalisable. Nous avons toutefois identifié la nécessité de compromis entre rentabilité économique et pression sur l'environnement. Nous avons ensuite exploré dans quelle mesure des données collectées sur des sites de démonstration (matrices de création-formation-diffusion) pouvaient être utilisées pour déterminer la capacité de l'agriculture de conservation à être plus productive et plus rentable que l'agriculture conventionnelle dans un horizon de deux années. Dans le contexte spécifique des séquences site-climat considérées, l'agriculture de conservation pratiquée à un niveau de fertilisation suffisant n'a pas eu d'impact négatif sur les rendements la première année après conversion. L'agriculture de conservation a significativement amélioré productivité et efficacité agronomique la seconde année après conversion. Toutefois, cette amélioration des performances agronomiques n'était pas suffisante, aux conditions économiques actuelles, pour assurer une meilleure rentabilité économique que l'agriculture conventionnelle sur un horizon de deux ans, du fait de l'augmentation des coûts de production associée au passage à l'agriculture de conservation. Au-delà de ces résultats, notre travail questionne la façon dont des dispositifs de création-diffusion en agriculture de conservation, actuellement sous-exploités au plan scientifique, peuvent être mis à profit pour contribuer (i) d'une part à l'analyse des processus à l'origine des performances agronomiques et économiques des systèmes de culture, (ii) et d'autre part à l'analyse de la variabilité des performances agro-économiques des systèmes de culture dans différents contextes biophysiques et économiques. Les contraintes opérationnelles et les objectifs de démonstration sous-jacents à ce type de dispositif limitent les possibilités d'amélioration de leur organisation pour en faire des dispositifs d'expérimentation agronomique parfaitement valides au plan statistique. Utiliser les données issues de tels dispositifs dans une perspective de modélisation constitue en revanche une option privilégiée pour améliorer leur contribution à la connaissance scientifique. Dans ce cadre, le développement de modèles bioéconomiques de fermes intégrant divers horizons de décision stratégique associés aux différentiels de dynamiques de performances entre systèmes conventionnels et en agriculture de conservation constitue une voie prometteuse pour réaliser une évaluation ex-ante de l'attractivité économique de l'agriculture de conservation pour de petits producteurs familiaux. Les autres perspectives scientifiques issues de ce travail de thèse incluent une évaluation de la variabilité interannuelle des performances des systèmes de culture intégrant certains impacts environnementaux, ainsi que l'évaluation de la capacité de l'agriculture de conservation à tamponner cette variabilité. Enfin, ce travail scientifique a diverses implications pratiques pour une intensification agricole durable dans les zones de montagnes du Nord Vietnam. Les typologies de systèmes agricoles et l'analyse comparative des performances de l'agriculture conventionnelle et de l'agriculture de conservation à l'échelle du champ cultivé permettent d'élaborer de nouvelles hypothèses sur les contraintes à intégrer dans le prototypage de systèmes de culture innovants, la nature des exploitations à cibler prioritairement pour la diffusion de tels systèmes et les stratégies à mettre en œuvre pour en faciliter la diffusion. Dans ce contexte, une hypothèse majeure est qu'il est nécessaire d'envisager la valorisation au moins partielle des plantes de couverture, une conversion par étapes et/ou des incitations permettant de compenser l'augmentation de coûts générée par le passage à l'agriculture de conservation pour que celle-ci devienne économiquement attractive pour de petits producteurs familiaux dans un horizon de deux années.

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8

Hauswirth, Damien. "Evaluation agro-économique ex-ante de systèmes de culture en agriculture familiale : le cas de l’agriculture de conservation en zone tropicale humide de montagne (Nord Vietnam)". Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSAM0040/document.

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Le besoin d'une intensification accrue des systèmes agricoles rend nécessaire l'identification des contextes et options permettant à des modes de mise en valeur intensifs et durables de se développer. Cette question est cruciale dans des contextes de petite agriculture familiale et de pression élevée sur les ressources naturelles, dont les zones tropicales humides d'Asie constituent un exemple typique. Dans cette région, l'agriculture de conservation (AC) est considérée comme un moyen de parvenir à cet objectif. Dans ce contexte, notre travail avait pour objectif d'évaluer dans quelle mesure l'AC peut constituer une réponse efficace et adaptée aux contraintes et besoins de petits producteurs familiaux dans une région montagneuse caractérisée par une forte pression sur les ressources naturelles et un taux de pauvreté élevé. Nous avons d'abord effectué un diagnostic des facteurs critiques de durabilité associés à la diversité régionale des systèmes agricoles conventionnels incorporant une production de maïs sur pente. Nous avons développé une approche originale combinant différentes méthodes d'analyse multivariée et de classification. Cette approche nous a permis d'identifier des types de systèmes agricoles aux performances contrastées en termes d'atteinte d'objectifs de durabilité. Les caractéristiques territoriales à différentes échelles, de l'écorégion au village, ont été identifiées comme prévalant sur les caractéristiques biophysiques des parcelles et l'accès aux moyens de production à l'échelle de l'exploitation pour expliquer la diversité des systèmes de culture sur pentes. Nous avons ensuite exploré dans quelle mesure des données collectées sur des sites de démonstration en AC pouvaient être utilisées pour évaluer les performances de prototypes de systèmes de culture en AC. L'AC pratiquée à un niveau de fertilisation suffisant n'a pas eu d'impact négatif sur les rendements la première année après conversion. Elle a significativement amélioré productivité et efficacité agronomique la seconde année après conversion. Toutefois, cette amélioration des performances agronomiques n'était pas suffisante, aux conditions économiques actuelles, pour assurer une meilleure rentabilité économique que l'agriculture conventionnelle sur un horizon de deux ans, du fait de l'augmentation des coûts de production associée au passage à l'AC. Les perspectives scientifiques issues de ce travail comprennent (i) l'utilisation des données issues de dispositifs de démonstration dans une perspective de modélisation pour prendre en compte, dans l'évaluation des systèmes de culture, les processus à l'origine de leur performances en fonction des variations de contexte biophysique et économique et (ii) l'évaluation de la capacité de l'agriculture de conservation à tamponner la variabilité des performances des systèmes de culture. La principale implication pratique pour l'intensification durable de l'agriculture dans le contexte du Nord Vietnam est la prise en compte de la diversité des systèmes agricoles dans le prototypage et la diffusion de systèmes de culture innovants. Une nouvelle hypothèse est qu'il est nécessaire d'envisager la valorisation au moins partielle des plantes de couverture, une conversion par étapes et/ou des incitations permettant de compenser l'augmentation de coûts générée par le passage à l'agriculture de conservation pour que celle-ci devienne économiquement attractive pour de petits producteurs familiaux dans un horizon de deux années
The global need for further agricultural intensification makes necessary to identify contexts and options for sustainable intensive land uses to develop. This question is crucial under contexts of smallholder farming and high pressure on natural resources, such as in Asian humid tropics. In this region conservation agriculture (CA) is considered a leeway towards sustainable intensification. Within this context, our work aimed at preliminary assess to which extent CA fits the needs and constraints of smallholder farmers in a mountainous region where the high level of pressure on natural resources adds-up to a high poverty rate.We implemented a diagnosis of sustainability gaps associated with the regional diversity of maize based agricultural systems on sloping land. We applied an original methodological approach combining diverse classification tools. We identified contrasted types of farming and cropping systems for management practices, performances and sustainability issues. The local diversity in maize cropping systems resulted from multi-scale interactions between territory-related factors, farm/farmer characteristics and field biophysical conditions. Territory-related factors were of prevailing importance over plot biophysical conditions and farm/farmer related characteristics to drive diversity of cropping systems.We subsequently investigated to which extent data collected at CA-demonstration sites can be used to assess performances of CA-based cropping system prototypes over a 2-year period. Within the context of our study, CA associated with sufficient fertilization levels did not depress yields the first year after conversion. The second year, CA significantly increased maize productivity and agronomic efficiency. Such improvement of agronomic performances was not sufficient to ensure better economic performances than conventional agriculture over two years, due to the increase in production costs associated with transition to CA.Main scientific perspectives from our work include (i) coupling CA-demonstrations with modeling to account in cropping system evaluation for processes driving their performances across variations in biophysical and economic conditions (ii) assessment of CA capacity to buffer variability in cropping system performances. Main implication for CA-based sustainable intensification in tropical humid highlands of Vietnam is the need to tailor technical proposals to the identified diversity of agricultural systems. To make conversion to CA worth for farmers within a period of two years, a major assumption is the requirement for cover plant valorisation, implementation of stepwise transition to CA, and/or tailoring incentives to support smallholder farmers in overcoming costs associated with conversion to CA

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9

Chauveau, Hélène. "Le colono funkeiro et la gaúcha baladeira : pratiques culturelles des jeunes de l'agriculture familiale et recomposition des territoires ruraux au Sud du Brésil". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2131/document.

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Notre thèse aborde la conjonction entre trois thématiques que les recherches et les acteurs de terrain excluent souvent mutuellement : les jeunes, le milieu rural, les pratiques culturelles et de loisir. Notre problématique est de comprendre comment les pratiques culturelles des jeunes ruraux d'une part, et la recomposition des territoires ruraux au Sud du Brésil d'autre part, s'influencent réciproquement. Les premières sont entendues comme la partie culturelle des pratiques développées par les jeunes durant leur temps libre et la seconde recouvre l'ensemble des éléments permettant d'évoquer une ressignification et une requalification profonde des territoires ruraux. Trois hypothèses sont testées : 1/ les pratiques culturelles sont mobilisées dans les expériences des jeunes ruraux comme une réponse à une crise multifactorielle des milieux ruraux ; 2/ chaque configuration spatiale et profil territorial influe sur les représentations, les moyens et les formes d'action des jeunes ; 3/ les territoires ruraux sud-brésiliens connaissent un processus de recomposition, dans lequel les rôles socio-économiques, culturels, politiques et symboliques des territoires ruraux sont modifiés par les usages de la jeunesse, en particulier par leurs pratiques culturelles.Leur migration vers les villes étant une préoccupation constante des acteurs locaux et des observateurs, les jeunes de 18 à 28 ans, qui sont restés ou allés vivre en milieu rural, sont l'objet principal de ce travail. La façon dont ces jeunes mettent en place et mobilisent leurs pratiques culturelles avec les contraintes imposées par les territoires ruraux sud-brésiliens choisis (manque d'infrastructures culturelles, difficultés pour la mobilité, pressions sociales, conflits de génération, problématique du genre), permet de comprendre comment elles influencent et sont influencées par les recompositions en cours sur ces mêmes territoires. Le Sud du Brésil possède une agriculture familiale forte, ainsi l'image et les fonctions attribuées aux espaces ruraux y ont rapidement évolué au cours des dernières décennies. Dans le même temps, si les pays développés misent sur la culture pour redéfinir leurs capitales et anciens bassins industriels, le rôle de la culture dans les espaces ruraux et agricoles, a fortiori ceux des pays émergents, est négligé. Pourtant, ces derniers se trouvent actuellement devant des choix de société incluant une recomposition des territoires ruraux, que les jeunes rencontrés envisagent comme des espaces de possible.Ce travail de géographie utilise principalement des méthodes de géographie sociale rurale (entretiens, cartographie des données) liées à celles de la sociologie qualitative (récits de vie, observation participante). D'un point de vue du terrain, la démarche comparative permet d'aborder la question de l'influence de certaines caractéristiques du territoire sur notre problématique, avec trois terrains différents, bien que tous situés dans la région Sud du Brésil (Rio Grande do Sul et Santa Catarina). La diversité ainsi que l'unité de problématique qui traverse ces trois territoires permet d'élaborer une typologie reliant les échelles d'appartenances des jeunes et la façon dont ils mobilisent les pratiques culturelles pour les alimenter. Ils ont tous dans leurs parcours de vie été confrontés au départ en ville, mais sont là et s'investissent dans la vie sociale de leurs communautés car elle est la raison de leur choix. Les pratiques culturelles qu'ils développent (théâtre, musique, danse, bals activités traditionnelles, telles que rodéos ou olympiades rurales), leur permettent de s'identifier à une ruralité toujours recomposée, recréée parfois, réinventée souvent. Les actions des mouvements sociaux, des politiques publiques, du secteur privé ou des associations dans ce domaine ont pour objectif de mobiliser les jeunes à des fins diverses. Les jeunes, quant à eux,souhaitent simplement mettre en place des alternatives pour s'approprier leurs lieux
This essay intends to point out the conjunction between three thematic areas that the research studies and the actors on the ground would both exclude : young people, rural area, hobbies and cultural practices. Our issue is to understand how both cultural practices of rural youth and the recomposition of rural territories in southern Brasil affect each other. The first are to be understood as the cultural component of young people practices in their spare time and the second covers all the elements leading to a resignification and a deep requalification of rural territories. Three assumptions are tested : 1/ cultural practices are used in the rural youth’s experiences as an answer to a multifactorial crisis of rural areas ; 2/ each spatial configuration and territorial profile influence the representations, the means and courses of action of the young people ; 3/ rural areas of southern Brasil are facing a process of recomposition in which socio-economic, cultural, political and symbolic parts of rural areas are changed by the customs of the young people, in particular by their cultural practices. Their migration to the cities being a constant concern of local players and observers, this work will focus on the young people from 18 to 28 years old who rather stayed or who went to live somewhere else in a rural area. The way in which these young people are setting up their cultural practices with the constraints imposed by rural areas of southern Brasil of their choice – lack of cultural infrastructure, difficulties in mobility, social pressure, generation conflicts, gender issues - provide a means for understanding how these constraints influence and are influenced by the recompositions in progress in these territories. Southern Brasil has a strong family farming and the image and fonctions attributed to rural areas have been evolving rapidly the last few decades. At the same time, if the developed countries are setting their sights on culture to redefine their capital cities and old industrial areas, the role of culture in rural and farming areas – especially those of emerging countries- is neglected. Yet, the latter are faced with societal choices which include a recomposition of rural areas targeted by the young people interviewed. This geographic work mainly uses social-rural geography methods - semi-structured interviews ; mapping data – linked to sociology methods – life stories, participant observation. From the field point of view, the comparative process brings us the essential question of the influence of some characteristics of the area on our issue. The focus was on three different fields – although all located in the southern region of Brasil being Rio Grande Do Sul and Santa Catarina. The diversity but also the common issue that are facing these three territories enable to create a typology bringing together the affiliation scales of young people and how they use cultural practices to nurture them. At different moments in their lives, they were all confronted with the option of moving to a city but they stayed here and play a part in the social life of their communities so important in their choice to stay. The cultural practices they develop -acting, playing music, dancing, balls, traditional activities such as rodeos or rural Olympiad – lead them to identify themselves to a rurality constantly recomposed, sometimes recreated, often reinvented. The actions of social mouvements, public policies, private sector, or associations in this field have the common goal of engaging the youth for multiple purposes. And as for young people, they simply wish to introduce alternatives to take over their living areas

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Bruelle, Guillaume. "Pertinence de l’agriculture de conservation pour tamponner les aléas climatiques : cas des systèmes de culture en riz pluvial au lac Alaotra, Madagascar". Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSAM0060/document.

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En Afrique sub-saharienne (ASS), l'agriculture de conservation (AC) est diffusée afin de d'améliorer durablement la productivité de l'agriculture familiale. Cette AC est basée sur les principes de travail réduit du sol, d'une couverture permanente et de rotations introduisant des légumineuse. Parmi tous les bénéfices potentiels de l'AC, le mulch peut améliorer le bilan hydrique et tamponner le stress hydrique, et donc sécuriser les rendements, lorsque les pluies sont limitées et/ou aléatoirement distribuées. A Madagascar, la région du lac Alaotra connaît une forte expansion de la riziculture pluviale. Etant caractérisée par une distribution des pluies très erratique, la pratique de l'AC semble pertinente pour sécuriser la production pluviale. L'objectif de cette étude est donc d'évaluer dans quelle mesure cet aléa climatique est tamponné par l'AC. Tout d'abord, à travers revue de la littérature scientifique, nous avons ouvert à une problématique plus large. En effet, au regard des projections de croissance démographique et de changement climatique (CC) en ASS, l'AC est proposée comme solution ‘climate-smart' ; i.e. une agriculture capable d'augmenter la productivité et de s'adapter au CC tout en l'atténuant. Les études identifiées en ASS montrent une capacité de l'AC à augmenter les rendements sur le long-terme, et à plus court-terme dans les contextes climatiques où les pluies sont faibles et/ou mal distribuées. Cela suggère donc une capacité de l'AC à s'adapter au CC qui prévoit une augmentation de la variabilité de la distribution des pluies en ASS. La capacité de l'AC à atténuer le CC en séquestrant du carbone (C) dans les sols reste en suspens car le stockage du C se fait principalement en surface et la stabilité de ce C est questionnée. Nous nous sommes ensuite recentrés sur le sujet et la zone de cette étude afin d'évaluer le potentiel de l'AC à tamponner l'aléa pluviométrique. En se basant sur les données de suivi de parcelles en transition vers l'AC sur quatre saisons contrastées, nous avons constaté une augmentation des rendements moyens en riz pluvial dès la première année de pratique, avec une augmentation progressive des rendements et une diminution de la variabilité. Les données ont également suggéré une sécurisation des semis précoces et tardifs en AC. Nous avons constaté un poids important du climat sur la variabilité des rendements dans la zone d'étude. Cette analyse exploratoire nous a donc permis d'observer des effets positifs de l'AC dans le contexte climatique du lac Alaotra, suggérant notamment un effet potentiel sur la ressource hydrique. Mais les informations à notre disposition ne nous ont pas permis de vérifier cette hypothèse. Nous nous sommes donc intéressés à l'impact du mulch sur le bilan hydrique et les rendements en riz pluvial dans les conditions agro-climatiques de la zone d'étude. Nous avons effectué une expérimentation virtuelle, en utilisant le modèle PYE-CA. Nous avons confirmé la capacité du mulch à réduire le ruissellement. Nous avons identifié les dates de semis pour lesquelles le riz pluvial est le moins impacté par le stress hydrique dans la région. Les résultats nous ont indiqué que pour les dates de semis majoritairement pratiquées par les agriculteurs, et dans un éventail de conditions de sol, la disponibilité en eau est très peu affectée par une modification du ruissellement. Les bénéfices d'une réduction du ruissellement apparaissent dans des conditions hydriques plus stressantes telles que des dates de semis précoce ou une intensification, en diminuant la variabilité des rendements. Cette étude nous a permis de mieux appréhender les impacts de l'AC sur le bilan hydrique dans le contexte climatique de notre zone d'étude. Pour faire sens, ces résultats sont à intégrer à l'échelle exploitation, voire plus large, pour identifier les contraintes et avantages induits par les systèmes en AC dans le contexte socio-économique du lac Alaotra
Conservation agriculture (CA) is widely disseminated at large scale in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in order to restore soil fertility and sustainably increase crop production of family farming. As defined by the FAO, CA is based on the three principles of minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and complex crop rotation. Among all the beneficial functions of CA, its ability to improve water balance through mulching can buffer water stress during crop cycle, and hence secure yields when rainfall are limited or poorly distributed. In the Lake Alaotra region of Madagascar, the area under rainfed upland rice has expanded lately. The region being characterized by an erratic rainfall distribution, intra- and inter-annually, CA practice seems appropriate to secure rainfed production. The main objective of this study is to evaluate to which extent this climate hazard can be buffered through the practice of CA. Firstly, we ran a review of the scientific literature to better understand the impact of CA in a wider context. Regarding the projections of population growth and climate change for SSA, CA is considered as a climate-smart option, i.e. an agriculture able to simultaneously mitigate climate change, adapt to this change, and sustainably increase productivity. The different studies illustrated the capacity of CA to maintain, or even increase production in the long-term, and in the shorter-term under limited or poorly distributed rainfall African contexts. These results suggested an ability of CA to adapt to climate change, predicting an increase in rainfall variability in SSA. However, the climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration under CA remained unclear because of a superficial storage which may be unsteady. Then, we focused on the study area to evaluate the potential of CA to buffer rainfall hazard. Using a 4-year dataset monitoring farmers' fields transitioning to CA, we observed a gradual increase in upland rice average yield with a decrease in variability over the consecutive years of CA practice. The data also suggested a capacity of CA to secure early or late sowing. But agro-environmental factors were mainly impacting yields in the region. This exploratory analysis allowed us to observe positive impacts of CA under the climate conditions of the Lake Alaotra region, suggesting an impact on water balance but no information was available to validate this hypothesis. Finally, we focused more precisely on the impact of mulch on water balance and upland rice yields under the climate conditions of the region, using a modeling approach. We ran an virtual experiment with the model PYE-CA to simulate a range of soil and climate conditions met in the region. We confirmed the ability of mulch to reduce, or even suppress, efficiently surface water runoff. We identified the sowing period within which rice growing would be the least impacted by water stress in the region. The results indicated that water availability for rice cropping was slightly impacted by a decrease in runoff for the majority of soil conditions and farmers' usual sowing dates. Beneficial effects of runoff reduction appeared under higher water stress conditions such as early sowing date or crop intensification and yield variability was decreased. This study allowed us to better apprehend the impacts of CA on water balance in the specific climate context of the study area. It would be interesting to integrate these results at the farm-level to identify the pros and cons of adopting CA under the socio-economic context of the Lake Alaotra region of Madagascar

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Darwich, Salem. "La relance de l'agriculture familiale au Liban : tentatives de reconversion des cultures illicites et changement des systèmes de production dans la région de Baalbeck-Hermel, Béqaa-Liban". Montpellier, ENSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENSA0035.

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Alexandre, Cécile. "Transmissions et cultures familiales : enquête sur la population de Charleville (1740-1890)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL011.

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Mettre en évidence l’existence de cultures familiales est le but de cette thèse : les cultures familiales peuvent être définies des pratiques sociales répétées sur plusieurs générations, spécifiques à une famille et révélant un ensemble de valeurs, voire une identité, transmis de parent à enfant. Le terrain d’observation est celui de la population à Charleville, petite ville du nord-est de la France, entre 1740 et 1890, et plus précisément un échantillon de 215 familles reconstruites sur au moins deux générations dans leur descendance masculine comme féminine. La famille est ici comprise comme un ensemble plus vaste que la famille nucléaire, composée du père, de la mère et des enfants : elle comprend également les oncles et tantes ainsi que les cousins. Cet échantillon de population est représentatif de toutes les franges de la société car la sélection a été faite à partir de la première lettre du patronyme de l’époux (B, G, M, N, P, R, et T). Les sources principales utilisées sont les registres paroissiaux et les actes d’état civil, en particulier les actes de mariage. Les indicateurs à partir desquels nous analysons les cultures familiales sont la capacité de signer des conjoints, la transmission de prénoms familiaux, le choix de cousins comme témoins de mariage, l’âge au premier mariage des femmes, les naissances illégitimes ainsi que les mariages entre parents consanguins ou affins (entre le 1er et le 4e degré). Cette méthode révèle des pratiques familiales transgénérationnelles qui varient au sein d’un même milieu économique et social, ce qui permet de rendre compte de l’importance de la notion de culture familiale pour comprendre l’histoire sociale
The main of this thesis is to bring out the existence of family cultures. Family cultures can be defined as social practices repeated over several generations, specific to a family and revealing a set of values, even an identity, transmitted from parent to child. The field of observation is the population in Charleville, a small town in northeastern France, between 1740 and 1890, and more precisely a sample of 215 families reconstructed over at least two generations, by their male and female descendance. The family is understood here as a whole larger than the nuclear family, made up of the father, the mother and the children: it also includes the uncles and aunts as well as the cousins. This population sample is representative of all segments of society because the selection was made from the first letter of the husband's surname (B, G, M, N, P, R, and T). The main sources used are parish registers and civil status documents, in particular marriage certificates. The indicators from which we analyse family cultures are the ability of spouses to sign, the transmission of family first names, the choice of cousins as marriage witnesses, the age at first marriage of women, illegitimate births as well as marriages between consanguineous or related parents (between the 1st and 4th degree). This method reveals transgenerational family practices that vary within the same economic and social environment, which makes it possible to account for the importance of the importance of the notion of family culture in understanding social history

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Lajus, Claire. "Mixités familiales et stratégies éducatives parentales : le cas des couples formés par un parent italien et un parent africain en Italie". Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100027/document.

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La thèse étudie la socialisation et l’éducation des enfants issus de couples mixtes formés par un parent italien et un parent originaire d’Afrique sub-saharienne, en Italie. Le travail s’inscrit dans une perspective écologique des familles et s’appuie sur les acquis théoriques des études sur la mixité et sur les processus d’acculturation. La démarche vise à comprendre les stratégies identitaires, culturelles et éducatives réalisées par les parents à partir de leur point de vue. Trois axes complémentaires sont explorés : expérience migratoire et formation du couple, transmission identitaire et culturelle, et stratégies éducatives parentales. La démarche empirique suit une approche compréhensive. L’étude concerne 19 familles. Des entretiens narratifs ont été menés auprès de 18 mères et 11 pères. Les résultats mettent en évidence les interactions entre expérience migratoire du parent africain et dynamiques familiales. La multi-dimensionnalité des contextes familiaux mixtes (linguistique, religieuse, ethnique, culturelle, sociale) crée des profils familiaux uniques. Une multi-factorialité impacte les stratégies parentales (vécu migratoire, origine socioéconomique, stigmatisation, « migration de contact et intérieure », relations avec les familles élargies et transnationalisme, relations sociales). Le rôle du contexte social est déterminant. La perception de discriminations raciales complique la gestion des différences. L’appartenance à des réseaux sociaux soutenant, la valorisation de la culture du parent migrant et le partage de valeurs communes aident les parents à dépasser ces difficultés. L’étude fournit des connaissances nouvelles sur un milieu familial émergeant
This research studies socialization and education of children born from mixed-couples formed by an Italian and an African sub-Saharan parent, living in Italy. The study is developed within an ecological framework of families, and it is based on theoretical knowledge gained from studies concerning mixedness and acculturation processes. Our aim is to better understand identity, culture and education strategies developed by parents, and the way parents perceive such strategies. Three complementary directions of research are explored: migratory experience and union formation, transmission of identity and culture, and parenting strategies. The empirical stage of the research is based on a qualitative methodology. The investigation concerned 19 families; 18 mothers and 11 fathers were interviewed by narrative techniques. The results show the interaction between the African parent migratory experience and family dynamics. The various dimensions of the mixed familiar contexts (linguistic, religious, ethnic, cultural, social) create unique family profiles. Several factors impact parenting strategies: migration, socioeconomic background, stigmatization, « migration of contact and internal migration », relationships with the extended family and transnationalism, and social relationships. Social context is decisive. The perception of racial discrimination hinders dealing with differences. Supportive social networks, valorization of migrant culture, and sharing common values help parents to overcome these difficulties. This research provides a new knowledge about an emerging familiar context

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Cherfi, Sofiane. "L'influence des paramètres socioculturels dans la décision d'achat de la famille française d'origine maghrébine". Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ARTO0101/document.

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Cette recherche contribue à la compréhension du comportement d'achat de la famille française d’origine maghrébine. Elle étudie l’influence des paramètres socioculturels dans la prise de décision d’achat familiale. Notre hypothèse principale de travail repose sur l'existence d'une relation entre les pratiques culturelles, cultuelles et la prise de décision d’achat de ce type de famille. Pour explorer cette relation, des variables endogènes et exogènes qui jouent un rôle ont été isolé, dans la probabilité du choix d’un bien précis. Pour cela nous avons mené une étude de terrain sur un échantillon de 120 couples. L’analyse des résultats nous a permet de répondre aux principales interrogations et d’instaurer un modèle décisionnel
This research contributes to understanding the purchasing behavior of the French family of North African origin. She studies the influence of socio-cultural parameters in the decision to purchase family. Our main working hypothesis is based on the existence of a relationship between cultural, religious practices and the decision to purchase that type of family. To explore the relationship of endogenous and exogenous variables that play a role have been isolated in the probability of choosing a specific property. To do this we conducted a field study on a sample of 120 couples. The analysis of results allows us to answer the main question and create a decision model

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Castro, Maria Clara Dias da Costa Correia de. "Para um cuidado cultural congruente com a cultura familiar". Master's thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10077.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências de Enfermagem apresentada ao Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto
Este estudo de tipo qualitativo, exploratório, descritivo de orientação etnográfica na vertente de etnoenfermagem teve como pergunta de partida: "Como adequar cuidados de Enfermagem, no âmbito da promoção da saúde, que sejam congruentes com a Cultura familiar ?" O objectivo foi compreender as crenças e valores da família em relação à promoção da saúde.Recorre à investigação em campo, em contexto natural, enfatizando a abordagem EMIC pretende conhecer os pontos de vista dos informantes a fim de conhecer o seu significado cultural. O trabalho de campo decorreu durante seis meses. A população em estudo foi constituída por famílias do concelho de Belmonte. Os informantes foram seleccionados tendo por critério a amostra por conveniência num total de 32 informantes provenientes de dez famílias inscritas no Centro de Saúde de Belmonte, de diferentes origens culturais. Os instrumentos de recolha de dados foram a observação participante e a entrevista semi-estruturada. Na observação participante seguimos o modelo OPR de Leininger com 4 fases de ordem sequencial: observação, observação com pouca participação, participação com alguma observação e observação reflexiva. A entrevista semi-estruturada foi feita a sete informantes-chave. A análise dos dados teve por base a orientação de Spradley (1979). Os significados que emergiram foram agrupados em 15 domínios culturais, seguindo uma lógica de apresentação desde os aspectos a que foi atribuído significado como fundamentais para preservar a saúde seguido das práticas que utilizam para proteger a saúde. Foi feita análise taxonómica a um dos domínios. A análise temática conduziu a dois temas complementares: "a gente sabe o que faz bem e o que faz mal" e "a saúde está nas mãos de Deus" .Sugerimos a formação em Cuidado Cultural para aquisição de competência na dimensão cultural dos Cuidados de Enfermagem. Os conteúdos culturais identificados devem ser tidos em conta para fundamentar uma prática de cuidados de enfermagem à família ...

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Castro, Maria Clara Dias da Costa Correia de. "Para um cuidado cultural congruente com a cultura familiar". Dissertação, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10077.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências de Enfermagem apresentada ao Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto
Este estudo de tipo qualitativo, exploratório, descritivo de orientação etnográfica na vertente de etnoenfermagem teve como pergunta de partida: "Como adequar cuidados de Enfermagem, no âmbito da promoção da saúde, que sejam congruentes com a Cultura familiar ?" O objectivo foi compreender as crenças e valores da família em relação à promoção da saúde.Recorre à investigação em campo, em contexto natural, enfatizando a abordagem EMIC pretende conhecer os pontos de vista dos informantes a fim de conhecer o seu significado cultural. O trabalho de campo decorreu durante seis meses. A população em estudo foi constituída por famílias do concelho de Belmonte. Os informantes foram seleccionados tendo por critério a amostra por conveniência num total de 32 informantes provenientes de dez famílias inscritas no Centro de Saúde de Belmonte, de diferentes origens culturais. Os instrumentos de recolha de dados foram a observação participante e a entrevista semi-estruturada. Na observação participante seguimos o modelo OPR de Leininger com 4 fases de ordem sequencial: observação, observação com pouca participação, participação com alguma observação e observação reflexiva. A entrevista semi-estruturada foi feita a sete informantes-chave. A análise dos dados teve por base a orientação de Spradley (1979). Os significados que emergiram foram agrupados em 15 domínios culturais, seguindo uma lógica de apresentação desde os aspectos a que foi atribuído significado como fundamentais para preservar a saúde seguido das práticas que utilizam para proteger a saúde. Foi feita análise taxonómica a um dos domínios. A análise temática conduziu a dois temas complementares: "a gente sabe o que faz bem e o que faz mal" e "a saúde está nas mãos de Deus" .Sugerimos a formação em Cuidado Cultural para aquisição de competência na dimensão cultural dos Cuidados de Enfermagem. Os conteúdos culturais identificados devem ser tidos em conta para fundamentar uma prática de cuidados de enfermagem à família ...

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Chogolou, Odouwo Guillaume. "Socialisation en milieu traditionnel et éducation scolaire : enracinement et déracinement culturels en éducation (cas des Fon d'Abomey au Bénin)". Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST0005.

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Ce travail de thèse, travail de lectures, de recherches, d’enquêtes sur le terrain social, de réflexion et d’analyse m’a permis de me pencher sur la question, combien complexe, mais vitale, de l’éducation. Ma problématique a été de tenter d’explorer l’éducation donnée aux jeunes en contexte traditionnel du Bénin, et de me demander si cette éducation permet à ces jeunes de se sentir citoyens du monde à part entière, sans être totalement coupés de leurs racines. Puis de voir si par l’éducation scolaire on arrive à ouvrir ces mêmes jeunes aux valeurs universelles et à faire d’eux des citoyens du monde, sans les couper totalement de leurs racines. J’en suis arrivé à me poser la question de l’enracinement culturel et du déracinement en rapport avec la question de l’éducation scolaire. D’où le titre de cette thèse : «Socialisation en milieu traditionnel et éducation scolaire : enracinement et déracinement culturels en éducation ». J’ai analysé, d’une part, la position de mes interlocuteurs sur ce que transmet, selon eux, l’éducation familiale puis les fonctions qu’ils attendent de l’éducation scolaire, et d’autre part, j’ai étudié les véritables fonctions de l’école. J’ai abordé le tout dans une réflexion analytique et critique, avec en lumière ma problématique sur l’éducation comme entre enracinement et déracinement. Comment comprendre le fait de l’éducation comme un enracinement, c’est-à-dire une prise en compte de l’identité du sujet en éducation, de son passé, de ses racines ? Et comment comprendre l’éducation comme un déracinement, une rupture, une coupure avec les racines, une ouverture aux autres ? Au terme de ce travail qui a consisté ainsi à rechercher les représentations et les pratiques éducatives en milieu traditionnel et à l’école au Bénin, j’ai cherché à déterminer, entre tradition et modernité, le rapport entre les représentations et les pratiques éducatives en milieu traditionnel comme à l’école. Il y a parfois un écart entre les représentations et les pratiques des mêmes individus : les gens ne font pas toujours ce qu’ils disent qu’ils font. Aussi, entre éducation traditionnelle et scolarisation, le problème n’est pas tant de la conservation et de la transmission d’une échelle de valeurs mais, je dirais, de la nécessaire composition de valeurs quelquefois contradictoires entre elles
This work of thesis, work of readings, searches, fieldworks social, reflection and analysis allowed me to tilt me on the question, how much complex, but vital, of the education. My problem was to try to investigate the education given to the young people in traditional context of Benin, and to ask me if this education allows these young people to feel public-spirited of the full world, without being totally cut by their roots. Then to see if by the school education we manage to open the same young people to the universal values and to make of them citizens of the world, without cutting them totally of their roots. I managed to ask myself the question of the cultural implanting and the banishment in touch with the question of the school education. Where from the title of this thesis: " socialization in traditional environment and school education: cultural implanting and banishment in education ". I analyzed, on one hand, the position of my interlocutors on what transmits, according to them, the family education then the functions that they expect from the school education, and on the other hand, I studied the real functions of the school. I approached the whole on an analytical and critical reflection, with in light my problem on the education as between implanting and banishment. How to understand the fact of the education as an implanting, that is a consideration of the identity of the subject in education, of his past, of its roots? And how understand the education as the banishment, the break, the cut with roots, the opening in the others? In the term of this work which so consisted in looking for the representations and the educational practices in traditional environment and to the school in Benin, I tried to determine, between tradition and modernity, the report between the representations and the educational practices in environment traditional as to the school. There is sometimes a distance between the representations and the practices of the same individuals: people do not still make that they say that they make. So, between traditional education and schooling, the problem is not so much preservation and the transmission of a valuable scale but, I would say, of the necessary composition of sometimes contradictory values between them

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Griza, Anne. "Implicações das culturas organizacionais da polícia civil na vida familiar dos policiais". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/55061.

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A cultura organizacional tem sido foco de atenção da Administração desde o início do século XX. Seus estudos, inicialmente, tinham como pressuposto a mudança na cultura das organizações para a melhora da eficácia organizacional; atualmente, outras linhas de pesquisas têm demonstrado que cultura não se muda, cultura são os símbolos que comunicam o que uma organização é em dado momento. Nesse campo, poucos estudos focam a cultura organizacional da Polícia Civil e, quando o fazem, essas pesquisas tendem a repetir o discurso de outros estudos. Quando se alia a cultura da Polícia Civil à vida familiar de seus servidores, a escassez de trabalhos torna-se ainda mais evidente. Diante desse quadro, pensou-se em verificar as implicações da cultura organizacional da Polícia Civil na vida familiar dos policiais, tendo como objetivos gerais identificar e descrever a cultura organizacional dos policiais que atuam no DECA, identificar e descrever aspectos da vida familiar dos policiais do DECA e compreender as inter-relações cultura organizacional-família. Para atingir esses objetivos, esta pesquisa, de metodologia qualitativa, utilizou-se do método de estudo de caso, e as técnicas de coletas de dados basearam-se em observação participante do contexto de trabalho dos policiais e em entrevistas semiestruturadas com alguns desses profissionais e seus familiares. Os principais resultados desta pesquisa dão conta de que o cotidiano do policial é composto de diversas tarefas objetivas e subjetivas, que exigem deles conhecimentos profundos acerca das leis e habilidades comportamentais e psíquicas para o enfrentamento dos mais diversos conflitos e que se desdobram nos símbolos de suas culturas organizacionais. Sua vida familiar e a rotina de trabalho parecem inter-relacionarem-se desde o ingresso do policial na instituição, fazendo com que, conforme se torna parte da identidade desses indivíduos, as culturas organizacionais da Polícia Civil influenciam a vida familiar desses profissionais. Os símbolos culturais dessa instituição são, aos poucos, incutidos no seio familiar dos policiais e refletem-se em seus relacionamentos, em algumas mudanças de sua postura e na forma como esses profissionais encaram o perigo e representam-no para sua família. O contexto de trabalho da Polícia Civil desdobra-se em suas culturas e gera novas formas de encarar a realidade, que são transmitidas nas relações desses profissionais com suas famílias.
The organizational cultures have been the spotlight in the Administrative area since the beginning of the XX century. Initially, its studies had as presupposition the changes in the organizational cultures for the improvement of it; nowadays, other research lines have showed that cultures does not changes because are signs that communicate what an organization is in a certain moment. In this field, only a few studies focus on the organizational cultures of the Civilian Police and when done they tend to repeat the same speech of the other studies. When the Civilian Police cultures are allied to familiar life, the shortage of work become even more evident. Having this reality in mind, they decided to verify the implications into the organizational cultures of the familiar life of the Civilian Police, considering the identification and the description of those who act in DECA. Identify and describe the familiar life aspects and understand the inter relation between organizational cultures and familiar life. This qualitative research intend to reach this objectives using the study case method and data collection based on direct observation inside the police work context, including interviews with some of the police and related family. The most important results of this research is that: the police officer daily routine is compound of many different tasks, objectives and subjective which demand from them deep knowledge about laws, behavior skills and psychic for facing the various conflicts that turn to the symbols of their organizational cultures. Their familiar life and work routine seem to relate to each other since the police officer enter into the institution, making that interfering their identity. The cultural signs from this institution are little by little instilled in the familiar nucleus, reflecting on their relations and in some behavior changes. The way these police officers face the danger and transfer to their families. The Civilian Police context unfolds on their cultures and generates new ways to face the reality that are passed in the relation of these professionals and their families.

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Ramírez, Casas del Valle Lorena. "Familia y Políticas Sociales: Dos modos de observación del Sistema Familiar". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/106051.

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Silva, Lucía. "O processo de conviver com um idoso dependente sob a perspectiva do grupo familiar". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-18042007-170544/.

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Com o processo de envelhecimento natural e com o aparecimento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, os idosos podem apresentar certo grau de dependência para a realização de atividades, sendo indicado que permaneçam sob os cuidados de sua família. A presença de um idoso dependente afeta todos os membros da família e, dependendo da cultura familiar, o envelhecimento e a dependência são encarados de diversas maneiras. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificar os aspectos culturais que orientam o convívio da família com o idoso dependente. O estudo de abordagem metodológica qualitativa utilizou as perspectivas do ciclo vital, da família como sistema e da influência da cultura sobre a saúde familiar como quadro teórico. Como método adotou-se o estudo de caso embasado em alguns pressupostos da etnografia. Os participantes foram 11 integrantes de cinco famílias que tinham entre seus membros um idoso dependente e que faziam parte da área de abrangência de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de um município do interior paulista. Os dados foram coletados principalmente de setembro a dezembro de 2005, por meio do Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar e entrevista semi-estruturada. A partir da análise dos sistemas familiares constatou-se que cada família era composta de quatro a cinco membros e a renda familiar aproximada variou entre 880 e 3000 reais. A análise de conteúdo latente a que foram submetidas as entrevistas permitiu identificar duas categorias: em \"A VELHICE E A DEPENDÊNCIA COMO EVENTOS DA VIDA\" constatou-se que não só o envelhecimento é percebido como natural, mas também o declínio funcional, a dependência e, por conseguinte, a ida do idoso para a casa da família; em \"A ADAPTAÇÃO FAMILIAR PARA O CONVÍVIO COM UM IDOSO DEPENDENTE\" os aspectos culturais relacionados à compreensão, à cooperação mútua e à valorização do idoso influenciam sobre o tipo de estratégia adotada pela família para se adaptar à situação. Este estudo constatou que os fatores culturais, como os valores e as crenças familiares, têm influência direta sobre a forma de adaptação da situação de envelhecimento com dependência e, portanto, devem ser empenhados esforços não apenas por parte dos profissionais de saúde mental, mas também por parte daqueles que adotam a família como sua unidade de cuidado para promover um ajustamento familiar saudável à velhice, apoiando as perdas percebidas pela família (papéis sociais, declínio fisiológico e funcional) e colaborando para a criação de uma efetiva rede de suporte social que favoreça a manutenção do idoso na comunidade.
As they get older naturally and with the appearance of chronic non-contagious diseases, older people may exhibit a certain degree of dependency in carrying out activities. It is recommended that they remain at home, in the care of their family. The presence of a dependent older person affects all members of the family and, depending on the family culture, ageing and dependence are faced if different ways. The purpose of this research was to identify the cultural aspects that guide family life with a dependent older person. The qualitative methodological approach study used, as theoretical framework, the late stages of life from a perspective of the life cycle, of the family as a system and of the influence of the culture on family health. The method utilized was the case study based on some assumptions of ethnography. The participants were 11 members of 5 families who had a dependent older person as one of their members and who were part of the coverage area of a Family Health Unit in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The data were collected mainly from september to december of 2005, by means of the Calgary Model of Family Assessment and semi-structured interviews. Starting with the analysis of the family systems, it was noted that each family was composed of 4 to 5 members and that the approximate family income varied from 880 to 3000 Reales. The analysis of the latent content implicit in the interviews made possible the identification of two categories: in \"OLD AGE AND DEPENDENCY AS LIFE EVENTS\" evidenced that not only aging is perceived as natural, as the functional decline, the dependence and, therefore, the gone of the older person for the house of his family; in \"FAMILY ADAPTATION FACED WITH LIVING WITH A DEPENDENT OLDER PERSON\" evidenced that the cultural aspects related to the understanding, to the mutual cooperation and the valuation of the older person influence on the type of strategy adopted for the family to adapt themselves to the situation. This study found that cultural factors, such as family values and beliefs, directly influence the manner of adapting to the situation of aging with dependence and thus, efforts must be exerted by the mental health professionals and by those who adopt the family as care unit, to adopt a healthy family adjustment to old age, granting support for the losses perceived by the family (social roles, physiological and functional decline) and cooperating in the creation of an effective support network that favors keeping the older person in the community.

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Monticelli, Marisa. "Aproximações culturais entre trabalhadoras de enfermagem e famílias, no contexto do nascimento hospitalar". Florianópolis, SC, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/86428.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-21T06:54:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Este estudo teve como objetivos compreender as relações que se estabelecem entre trabalhadoras de enfermagem e famílias que vivenciam o período pós-parto em Unidade de Alojamento Conjunto, bem como identificar as perspectivas ou referências que estas trabalhadoras adotam, ao interagirem com as famílias que vivenciam o pós-parto, durante a hospitalização, com o propósito de compreender o universo cultural que permeia tais relações. Foi realizado em uma Unidade de Alojamento Conjunto de uma maternidade pública localizada no sul do país. O suporte teórico envolveu quatro abordagens de uma mesma vertente proveniente da Antropologia da Saúde: os conceitos de illness, disease e sickness; a realidade clínica como o "lugar de onde se fala"; a narrativa na prática clínica e; o conhecimento autoritativo relacionado ao nascimento. O método etnográfico foi selecionado como caminho metodológico, utilizando-se a observação participante como guia habilitador principal e a entrevista etnográfica como guia complementar no levantamento de dados. Dentre os informantes-chave participantes do estudo, 19 eram trabalhadoras (cinco técnicas, oito auxiliares, cinco atendentes e uma enfermeira) e 42 eram membros das famílias, englobando puérperas, homens-pais, avós, bisavós, além de duplas puérperas-companheiros, mães-filhas e genros-sogras. As trabalhadoras que não se incluíram nos critérios de seleção dos informantes-chave e os membros das famílias que demonstraram atuação mais periférica no decorrer dos cuidados pós-natais foram considerados como informantes gerais. A análise dos dados foi construída com base na "etnoenfermagem" de Madeleine Leininger, constando de quatro fases: coleta, descrição e documentação dos dados brutos; identificação e categorização dos descritores e componentes; identificação de padrões recorrentes e; formulação de temas, achados relevantes e formulações teóricas. Os temas que surgiram foram: a) "Entre o leito e o berço: a vivência do processo de cuidar de dois", que apresenta um modelo de cuidado considerado sui generis na enfermagem hospitalar; b) "Aqui a autoridade sou eu: o status do conhecimento biomédico", cujo teor segue padrões decorrentes do modelo da biomedicina, aprendido durante a formação profissional e a prática cotidiana da assistência; c) "Tem coisas que são do conhecimento da gente: o status do conhecimento das famílias", que envolve o lugar hierárquico do saber experiencial das famílias; e d) "Conhecimentos que se constróem em narrativas terapêuticas: possibilidades de vitalização do pós-parto", onde são apresentados saberes que se constróem interativamente, sem que se descaracterizem os conhecimentos que todos os atores sociais trazem de seus sistemas culturais de origem. Os resultados apontaram que as relações entre as trabalhadoras de enfermagem e as famílias na Unidade de Alojamento Conjunto, bem como as referências que as mesmas utilizam para cuidar das puérperas e dos recém-nascidos, mostram-se complexas e permeadas pelo exercício de poderes e diferentes conhecimentos autoritativos que ora beneficiam e ora enfraquecem os participantes. Tais resultados trazem contribuições na área da assistência, na formulação de políticas públicas relacionadas com o nascimento, para a produção de conhecimentos e para o ensino da enfermagem, principalmente em nível médio profissionalizante.

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Muniz, Rosani Manfrin. "Os significados da experiência da radioterapia oncológica na visão de pacientes e familiares cuidadores". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-07072008-111311/.

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O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos da experiência da radioterapia oncológica para o paciente e o familiar cuidador, e integrá-los em significados socialmente construídos, por meio da análise etnográfica interpretativa. Para isso tomou-se apoio no referencial teórico da antropologia interpretativa de Clifford Geertz, da corrente da antropologia médica e do método da etnografia em centros urbanos. Foi uma pesquisa com abordagem metodológica qualitativa, realizada no Centro Regional de Oncologia em um município do sul do Brasil. Participaram do estudo 20 informantes, sendo 10 pacientes e 10 familiares cuidadores, que freqüentaram o serviço no período de março a agosto de 2007. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas semi-estruturadas no domicílio dos informantes, durante o período da radioterapia e trinta dias após o seu término; também foram elaborados os genograma e ecomapa para a contextualização dos informantes. A análise dos dados apoiou-se nos pressupostos analíticos de Hammersley e Atkinson, dentre outros autores. Foram identificados os códigos que apontaram o sentido da experiência para os informantes e que, posteriormente, serviram de guia para as unidades de sentidos e a construção dos núcleos de significados: \"Do adoecer por câncer à radioterapia - uma trajetória construída\"; \"A experiência da radioterapia: remédio e veneno\" e \"As teias da sobrevivência oncológica\". No primeiro núcleo, abordo os sentidos atribuídos para a trajetória do diagnóstico do câncer e o seu sentido impactante de morte, a via crucis pelo serviço de saúde público e as decisões terapêuticas, além da incorporação da identidade da pessoa como paciente oncológico, com o apoio das redes sociais, como a família, os amigos e a religião. O segundo tema versa sobre a entrada dos informantes no mundo da radioterapia, que se revelou como um momento desgastante, angustiante e sofrido; porém, também teve o sentido de um combate, uma vez que os pacientes submeteram-se à terapêutica com a visão de um remédio-veneno, poderoso e capaz de aniquilar o câncer e possibilitar a cura. No terceiro tema, abordei o tecer da teia para os informantes se ajustarem à nova vida e ao surgimento da nova identidade: a de sobrevivente do câncer. Nessa nova identidade, eles retomaram as atividades diárias e planejaram o futuro com esperança, apesar de uma sombra de incerteza em relação à cura. Finalizei com a consideração de que o significado da experiência da radioterapia oncológica para esse grupo de pessoas, da classe popular, significou a necessidade de submeter-se a uma terapêutica com uma característica de remédio-veneno que causa temor, mas que é necessária, se a perspectiva de vida é a cura ou mesmo a sobrevivência ao câncer.
The study aimed at understanding the senses of the experience of the radiotherapy oncologyc for the patient and the relative caretaker, and to integrate them in meant socially built, through the analysis interpretative ethnographic. For that was taken support in the theoretical referential of Clifford Geertz\'s interpretative anthropology, of the current of the medical anthropology and of the method of the ethnography in urban centers. It was a research with qualitative methodological approach, accomplished in the Regional Center of Oncology and Radiotherapy in a municipal district of the south of Brazil. Took part of the study 20 informers, being 10 patient and 10 family caretakers, which frequented the service in the period of March to August of 2007. For the collection of data, participant observations and semi-structured interviews were accomplished in the home of the informers, during the period of the radiotherapy and thirty days after the end of the treatment, and also elaborated genogram and ecomap for the contextualization of the informers. The analysis of the data was supported on the analytical presuppositions of Hammersley and Atkinson, among other authors. It was identified the codes that pointed the sense of the experience for the informers and that, later, they served as guide for the units of senses and the construction of the meanings nucleus: \"Of getting sick for cancer to the radiotherapy - a trajectory built\"; \"The experience of the radiotherapy: medicine and poison\" and \"The webs of the survival oncologic\". In the first nucleus, were approached the senses attributed for the trajectory of the diagnosis of the cancer and its sense of impact of death, the via crucis for the public service of health and the therapeutic decisions, besides the incorporation of the person\'s identity as a oncological patient with the support of the social nets, as the family, the friends and the religion. The second turns on the entrance of the informers in the world of the radiotherapy, that was revealed as a moment stressful, distressing and suffered; however, it also had the sense of a combat, once the patients underwent the therapeutics with the vision of a medicine-poison, powerful and capable of to annihilate the cancer and to make possible the cure. In the third theme, it was approached weaving of the web for the informers if they adjust to the new life and the appearance of the new identity: the one who survivor to the cancer. In that new identity, they retook the daily activities and they planned the future with hope, in spite of an uncertainty shadow in relation to the cure. It was concluded with the consideration that the meaning of the experience of the radiotherapy for that group of people, of the popular class, meant the need to submit to a therapy with a characteristic medicine-poison that causes fear, but that is necessary, if the life perspective is the cure or even the survival to the cancer.

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Navrkal, Denise Antionette. "Teenage pregnancy: Cultural and familial predictors". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1094.

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Benmostefa, Fériel. "La transmission des entreprises familiales en Tunisie". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0218/document.

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Selon une étude réalisée par le Cabinet Price Water House Coopers en 2008,l’entreprise familiale constituerait la structure la plus répandue dans le monde,jouant à ce titre un rôle essentiel dans l’économie mondiale. Ainsi, les entreprisesfamiliales représenteraient plus de deux tiers des entreprises dans la sphère despays occidentaux (B.A Kirshoff, J.J Kirshoff ; 1987).La transmission de l’entreprisefamiliale, opération délicate, représente sans aucun doute, l’expérience la plus ago-nisante pour ses membres et la plus menaçante pour l’avenir de l’entreprise concer-née.Selon un rapport publié en 2009 par Fitch Ratings : les pratiques de gouver-nance d’entreprises en Tunisie « manquent encore de maturité » et un travail co-lossal attendrait les entreprises familiales en matière de transmission.Alors, le choix du thème de « la transmission des entreprises familiales en Tunisie» parait d’autant plus opportun, qu’il coïncide avec une conjoncture appropriée, àsavoir la phase finale de la transition démographique de La Tunisie, qui verra unegénération quasi-totale de chefs d’entreprise installés à l’aube de l’indépendancepasser la main ou en voie de le faire prochainement.Ainsi, la transmission de l’entreprise familiale constitue aujourd’hui un pro-blème général auquel se trouvent confrontés les pays occidentaux mais qui se poseavec une acuité particulière en Tunisie compte tenu de caractéristiques propres.LaTunisie évolue dans un environnement spécifique caractérisé par une culture al-liant tradition et modernité où la sphère religieuse occupe de manière conscienteou inconsciente une place conséquente. Cette tendance expliquerait une certaineiiévolution de l’entreprise familiale la différenciant de son homologue occidental.Une gouvernance spécifique en matière de transmission des entreprises familialesmettant en œuvre les facteurs culturels constitue le cœur de cette investigation
According to a study done in 2008 by the Cabinet Price Water House Coopers, the family business built the most common structure in the world, in this way,ithad a key role in the global economy.So, family firms represent more than two thirds of companies in the sphere ofWestern countries (BA Kirshoff, JJ Kirshoff ; 1987). The family firms successionwas undoubtedly a delicate operation, the most agonizing experience for its mem-bers and the most threatening to the future of the company concerned.Also, according to a 2009 Fitch Ratings’ report : corporate governance practicesin Tunisia was qualified as "still immature" and a colossal work expected familyfirms in the transmission. So the choice of the theme of "the transfer of family firmsin Tunisia" seems the most appropriate. It also coincides with a suitable situationin the final stage of the demographic transition in Tunisia, which will create analmost total generation of entrepreneurs installed just after independence to handor in process to do sosoon.The family firms succession is now a general problem that will confront theWest but it will particularly acute in Tunisia . This country evolves in a specificenvironment characterized by a culture combining in the same time tradition andmodernity, where also religious sphere occupies consciously or unconsciously animportant place.This tendency explains some evolution of the family business differentiating itswestern counter part. A specific governance of transmission of family firms imple-menting cultural factorsis the heart of this investigation

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Silveira, Maryane Meneses. "Farinhada: construção simbólica na reprodução da agricultura familiar". Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2006. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5504.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This work deals with the tradition of knowing how to make flour, the farinhada , as a cultural heritage. It is an indigenous cultural heritage absorbed by the Portuguese during the Colonial Period and kept up till now as a cultural expression of the small farmers through the cassava transformation process, exchanging tradition and modernity. The space in study involved farinhadas occurred in the municipalities of Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, São Domingos, Malhador and Moita Bonita located in the state of Sergipe. It was observed that the practice of making flour reproduces the social and belonging relations since it is the domestic group who constructs the farinhada annually in a symbolic appropriation of the space of the casa de farinha (flour house). They gather together in a supportive way in order to produce flour and tapioca in rituals that alternate the work itself with songs and games, making this activity an enjoyable experience. In this context, it was verified that the farinhada is a cultural manifestation that, although with a resignificance, remains as an important practice to the familiar farming reproduction.
Este trabalho aborda a tradição como herança cultural do saber-fazer da farinha, a farinhada. Trata-se de uma herança da cultura indígena absorvida pelos portugueses no período colonial e mantida como expressão cultural dos pequenos agricultores até o presente, num processo de transformação da mandioca, intercambiado com o tradicional e o moderno. O espaço estudado compreendeu farinhadas ocorridas nos municípios sergipanos de Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, São Domingos, Malhador e Moita Bonita. Observou-se que o fazer da farinha reproduz as relações sociais e de pertencimento, pois é o grupo doméstico que constrói a farinhada anualmente numa apropriação simbólica do espaço da casa de farinha. Eles se reúnem de forma solidária para produzir a farinha e a tapioca em rituais que intercalam o trabalho com cantos e brincadeiras, traduzindo um fazer prazeroso entre compadres e as comadres . Nesse contexto verificou-se que a farinhada constitui-se numa manifestação cultural que, embora ressignificada, permaneceu como prática importante na reprodução da agricultura familiar.

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Fossá, Maria Ivete Trevisan. "A cultura de devoção nas empresas familiares e visionárias : uma definição teórica e operacional". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2232.

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O trabalho propõe uma definição teórica e operacional para o construto cultura de devoção em empresas familiares e visionárias. Trata-se de uma tentativa de compreender e explicar a dinâmica que envolve a formação de vínculos afetivos entre empregados e organizações do tipo familiares e visionárias. Presume-se que empresa familiar visionária seja toda aquela organização que tem sua origem e história vinculadas a uma família ou grupo familiar e está alicerçada em valores essenciais formulados por seus fundadores. Além do mais, a empresa é líder em seu setor de atuação, passou por vários ciclos de produtos ou serviços e, se não consolidou, pelo menos deu início ao processo sucessório. O trabalho recupera a ideologia básica - valores e objetivos essenciais - que se mantém em todas as fases de desenvolvimento da organização, levando em consideração a declaração desta ideologia, sua continuidade histórica e a coerência entre aquilo que é declarado como essencial e o que é vivido no cotidiano da organização. A maneira como os empregados se apropriam dos valores difundidos decorre de um estruturado sistema de comunicação, de uma consistente política de recursos humanos e de uma adequada administração dos elementos formadores da cultura organizacional. Através de pesquisa empírica com três empresas de um mesmo grupo familiar, observou-se que a identificação dos empregados com os valores organizacionais pode ser explicada pela forma como os empregados se apropriam dos valores difundidos, pelo modo de circulação e consumo dos valores organizacionais, pela política de recursos humanos que reforça o desenvolvimento pessoal interno e pelos elementos simbólicos da cultura organizacional que fortalece o imaginário coletivo e solidifica as significações acerca da idéia de empresa como uma grande família.

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Leite, Raphael de Almeida. "Os sentidos dos cuidados paliativos oncológicos atribuídos pelo familiar cuidador". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-31102011-093229/.

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O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os sentidos dos cuidados paliativos atribuídos pelos familiares cuidadores de pacientes com câncer, internados em uma unidade. A base teórica foi à antropologia médica, que tem como essência a análise da cultura. O método foi o relato oral pontual, na perspectiva da metodologia interpretativa. Este relato foi obtido por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, gravadas. O local da pesquisa foi uma unidade de cuidados paliativos, de uma instituição oncológica do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Aceitaram em participar, 20 familiares que acompanhavam pacientes oncológicos em primeira internação na unidade de cuidados paliativos exclusivos, isto é, submetidos a tratamentos apenas para o alívio dos sintomas, devido à gravidade da doença. Destes, 19 eram mulheres, a maioria era casada, na faixa etária de 25 a 76 anos, e com ensino fundamental incompleto; todos eram seguidores de uma seita religiosa. Todos eram integrantes do núcleo familiar e assumiram este papel voluntariamente. Os dados obtidos foram transformados em textos. A análise dos mesmos foi realizada na perspectiva da análise temática indutiva. Elaboramos três temas de sentidos: a trajetória da doença até os cuidados paliativos, a comunicação da necessidade de internação em cuidados paliativos, os sentidos atribuídos aos cuidados paliativos pelos FC. A trajetória da doença até os cuidados paliativos revelou que os cuidadores acompanham os pacientes por vários meses, alguns tinham conhecimento da doença, relacionaram explicações para ela baseadas em acontecimentos passados que marcaram o paciente ou aos seus comportamentos não saudáveis na vida pregressa. A confirmação do diagnóstico foi marcada por dificuldades do sistema de saúde nacional em detectar a doença precocemente e da comunicação inadequada dos médicos. Inicialmente os familiares narraram a não aceitação do diagnóstico, seguido de uma conformação. O segundo tema discorreu sobre a comunicação da necessidade de internação em cuidados paliativos, realizada pelos médicos, de forma verdadeira, mas que em algumas situações deixaram os familiares esperançosos. De qualquer modo, a terminalidade do paciente foi expressa, provocando muitas incertezas e medos. O terceiro tema descreveu os cuidados paliativos como local de alívio de sintomas, principalmente da dor. Com o alívio de sintomas, os familiares deram sentidos estigmatizantes para o tratamento paliativo, aprendidos no convívio com outros pacientes e familiares da instituição. Reconhecem a condição terminal de seu parente e assumem a estratégia de enfrentamento da esperança, que é uma prática cultural. Estes sentidos geram dúvidas, emoções, sofrimento e esperança, em relação ao morrer e a morte do paciente. Destaco a importância da comunicação e do relacionamento do enfermeiro com os familiares, com foco nas suas necessidades. Para isso, os enfermeiros precisam compreender os sentidos dados ao tratamento paliativo, para que possam refletir sobre suas práticas e se realmente os familiares estão sendo situados no centro do cuidar.
This study aims to identify the meanings of palliative care given by family caregivers of cancer patients admitted to a hospital unit. The theoretical basis was the medical anthropology, which is essentially the analysis of culture. The method adopted was the oral accurate report, from the interpretive methodology. This account was obtained through semi-structured interviews which were recorded. The research site was a palliative care unit of a cancer institution in the state of São Paulo. 20 family members agreed to participate in this study. They were accompanying cancer patients who were admitted to the exclusive palliative care unit for the first time, in other words, the patients receive treatment for the relief of symptoms due to disease severity. 19 of those family members were women; most of them were married, aged 25 to 76. They didn\'t finish elementary school and all of them were followers of a religious sect. They were all members of the families and accepted that role voluntarily. The obtained data was converted into text. The analysis of the data was performed from the perspective of inductive thematic analysis. Three themes of meaning were developed: the trajectory of the disease to palliative care, communication of the need for patient\'s admission to the palliative care unit, the meanings attributed to palliative care by the family caregiver. The trajectory of the disease to palliative care revealed that caregivers have accompanied patients for several months, some of them were aware of the disease. They related explanations to the illness either based on past events which left their marks on the patient or the patient\'s unhealthy behaviors in early life. The diagnosis confirmation was marked by difficulties of the national health system to detect the disease precociously and the physician\'s inadequate communication. Firstly, the family members expressed the non-acceptance of the diagnosis, followed by conformation. The second theme discussed was about the communication of the necessity for hospital admission under palliative care, this procedure was performed by doctors in a truthful way, but in some cases they left the family hopeful. Anyway, the terminal status of the patient was expressed, causing a lot of uncertainties and fears. The third theme described the hospice as a place of relief from symptoms, especially pain. With the relief of symptoms, the family gave stigmatizing meanings to the palliative treatment, facts learned through observation of other patients and family members of the institution. They recognize the terminal condition of his/her relative and take the coping strategy of hope, which is a cultural practice. These meanings bring about doubts, emotions, suffering and hope, in relation to dying and the death of the patient. It\'s highlighted the importance of communication and relationship between the nurse and the patient\'s family members, focusing on their needs. Therefore, the nurses need to understand the meanings given to palliative care, so they can reflect on their practices and whether the family members are actually located in the center of care.

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Silva, Roseane Grossi. "Empresa e família: instituições que se entretecem na continuidade de uma cultura organizacional". Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2010. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/11940.

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Understanding enterprise and performing actions to achieve the desired goals is to unravel the rules, customs, habits, social rules, dreams, emotions and meanings that constitute it. It is to recognize that economic rationality is intertwined with subjectivity, ultimately. It is to understand the individuals and the relationships they build their organizational culture. Interpreting the culture of an organization is to recognize the ambiguities arising from experiences that are unique to each individual who composes it and cannot be given a concept that refers only to homogeneity. The culture is heterogeneous, composed simultaneously by consensus, clarity and consistency of events. It is formed by the differences, making subcultures and it is ambiguous in that consensus, clarity and consistency exist in certain circumstances, being ephemeral.In a family business functions and activities of the company are fostered by relatives. The enterprise starts the process of growth and there are multiple challenging and limiting factors to their continuity, allowing or not that the business can persist over generations and by time developing activities toward the future and achieving long-term success. Organizational culture may be indicated as a factor taxpayer of the continuity of family businesses, emerging from the need to understand which would be the events in those companies that interfere in its perpetuity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to answer as the cultural events, from the standpoint of integration, differentiation and fragmentation of a family organization at Uberlandia, act limiting and/or enabling its continuity? The study has a qualitative approach and it is descriptive. The method of procedure used was based in ethnography. The case study was used as a strategy to reach the proposed objective. As regards to techniques for data collection were used non-participant observation, participant observation and search for documents focusing on five categories: How Things Work, The jokes that people make; Adequacy of Physical Structure and Equipment, Remuneration Policy and Relationships Among Pairs and Other Groups. For data interpretation, a content analysis and discourse analysis were performed. The choice of object was caused by information that characterized the enterprise declaredly a family organization. It was noted that the marked influence of organizational culture in the universe of these enterprises as well as revealed characteristics associated with cultural events which unveiled topics allowing the enrichment of literature and contributing to studies on family businesses. The presence of an organizational culture from the perspective of integration, differentiation and comminution could be verified. At the same time the culture had demonstrations that can enable its continuity. Other events that go against them, limiting perpetuity, were found. Or due to interweaving of family and business, that permeates the culture of the organization, constantly linking the two institutions, there is the presence of events, which limit both its continuity as possible, simultaneously. It was noted that relative influence not only is one of these enterprises but also is essential, directing and motivating the harmony of the organizational system
Compreender uma empresa e executar ações para alcançar os objetivos desejados, é desvendar as normas, costumes, hábitos, regras sociais, sonhos, emoções e significados que a constituem; é reconhecer que a racionalidade econômica se entretece com a subjetividade; enfim, é entender os indivíduos e as relações que constroem a sua Cultura Organizacional. Interpretar a cultura de uma organização é reconhecer as ambiguidades resultantes das experiências que são próprias a cada indivíduo que a compõe, não podendo assim, ser-lhe atribuída uma noção que remete apenas à homogeneidade. A cultura é heterogênea, composta simultaneamente pelo consenso, claridade e consistência das manifestações; é formada pelas diferenças, compondo subculturas; e é ambígua, em que o consenso, a clareza e a consistência existem em determinadas circunstâncias, sendo efêmeros. No negócio de família as funções e atividades da empresa estão amparadas pelos familiares. A empresa inicia o processo de crescimento e surgem múltiplos fatores, instigantes e limitantes de sua continuidade, permitindo, ou não, que o negócio possa se perpetuar por gerações e pelo tempo desenvolvendo as atividades em direção ao futuro e obtendo sucesso em longo prazo. A cultura organizacional pode ser apontada como fator contribuinte da continuidade das empresas familiares, emergindo a necessidade de compreender quais seriam, então, as manifestações imbricadas nessas empresas que interferem em sua perpetuidade. Assim, a proposta deste trabalho é responder como as manifestações culturais, sob a perspectiva da integração, diferenciação e fragmentação, de uma organização familiar de Uberlândia, atuam limitando e/ou possibilitando à sua continuidade? O estudo possui abordagem qualitativa e é descritivo. O método de procedimento utilizado buscou aporte na etnografia. O estudo de caso foi utilizado como uma estratégia para alcançar o objetivo proposto. No que se refere às técnicas para coleta de dados foram utilizadas a observação não participante; observação participante e; pesquisa de documentos, centradas em cinco categorias: Como as Coisas Funcionam; As Brincadeiras e Piadas que as Pessoas Fazem; Adequação da Estrutura Física e Equipamentos; Política de Remuneração; e Relacionamento Entre os Pares e Outros Grupos. Para interpretação dos dados, foi realizada a análise de conteúdo e análise de discurso. A escolha do objeto se deveu por informações que caracterizavam a empresa, declaradamente, uma organização familiar. Foi constatada a influência marcante da cultura organizacional no universo dessas empresas, bem como reveladas características associadas as manifestações culturais, que desvendaram temas, possibilitando o enriquecimento da literatura e contribuindo com os estudos sobre empresas familiares. Pôde ser verificada a presença de uma cultura organizacional sob a perspectiva da integração, diferenciação e fragmentação. Ao mesmo tempo em que a cultura apresentou manifestações que podem possibilitar sua continuidade, foram encontradas outras manifestações, que vão de encontro destas, limitando a perpetuidade. Ou ainda, devido ao entretecimento entre família e empresa, que perpassa pela cultura da organização, estar constantemente associando ambas as instituições, há a presença de manifestações, tanto que limitam como possibilitam sua continuidade, simultaneamente. Pôde ser verificado que a influência familiar não só faz parte dessas empresas, como também são imprescindíveis, direcionando e motivando a harmonia do sistema organizacional.
Mestre em Administração

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Pereira, Ana Maria. "LESBIANIDADE: um assunto muito familiar!" Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2008. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/976.

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Lesbianidade: a very familiar! It follows an enterprise, where the objective is to analyze and understand how women, to take lesbianidade to experience the affection and erotic, established the relationship with them and with their families in the city of Maceio. The transit by sociological theories and the empirical world, through focus groups and discussions, revealed a web of relationships and behaviors, incomparably complex. Within this complexity are the games of power, politics, the constraints and social representations, the socio-historical construction of sexuality and cultures and, basically, the subject. Those that are not fixed and not apathetic to events, show that the identities are an eternal becoming, so each being can set in historical subject. By questioning values misóginos, heterossexistas and homophobic, can turn into proposer of other stories. Several speeches lesbian women, exposed along the search, show the possibility of not legitimize the families patrilineares as the only model of familiarity and suggest other forms of sociability, either through speeches expressed verbally or non-speeches themselves, as is the androginias the case.
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Lesbianidade: um assunto muito familiar! Resulta de um empreendimento, onde o objetivo consiste em analisar e compreender como as mulheres, ao assumirem a lesbianidade para vivenciarem os afetos e a erótica, estabeleceram o relacionamento consigo e com suas famílias na cidade de Maceió. O trânsito pelas teorias sociológicas e no mundo empírico, através dos grupos focais e de discussões, revelou uma teia de relações e comportamentos, incomparavelmente complexos. Dentro dessa complexidade, estão os jogos de poderes, a política, as coerções e representações sociais, a construção sócio-histórica da sexualidade e das culturas e, fundamentalmente, os sujeitos. Esses que não são fixos e nem apáticos aos acontecimentos, mostram que as identidades são um eterno devir; assim sendo, cada ser pode se constituir em sujeito histórico. Ao questionar valores misóginos, heterossexistas e homofóbicos, podem transformar-se em propositores de outras histórias. Vários discursos das mulheres lésbicas, expostos ao longo da pesquisa, revelam a possibilidade de não legitimar as famílias patrilineares como o único modelo de familiaridade e apontam outras formas de sociabilidade, seja através dos discursos verbalmente expressados ou dos discursos nãoditos, como é o caso das androginias.

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Anjos, Anna Cláudia Yokoyama dos. "As repercussões do cuidar do idoso em quimioterapia oncológica na vida do familiar cuidador". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-14012011-093014/.

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A quimioterapia antineoplásica apresenta efeitos adversos intensos, que afetam a qualidade de vida do paciente e trazem repercussões para o contexto familiar. No contexto nacional, um dos familiares acaba assumindo as funções de cuidador do idoso, nem sempre com preparo para essa atividade. Com essa perspectiva, este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os sentidos atribuídos à experiência de ser cuidador do idoso com câncer submetido à quimioterapia pelo familiar. Empregamos o referencial teórico da antropologia interpretativa e o estudo de caso etnográfico como método. Participaram da pesquisa quatro familiares cuidadores de pacientes atendidos em duas instituições de saúde do interior do Estado de Minas Gerais. As informantes eram do sexo feminino, com idades variadas, sendo duas também idosas; duas eram filhas e as outras eram esposas dos pacientes; três se dedicavam às atividades domésticas e uma era cuidadora de idoso. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e de observações, nos domicílios das participantes; foram elaborados genogramas e ecomapas para visualizar suas redes sociais e familiares. Empregamos a análise temática indutiva para a identificação das unidades de sentidos, reunidas em três temas: a opção por ser cuidadora, o cuidado necessário ao idoso, a re-significação da vida do cuidador. A opção por ser a cuidadora decorreu da atribuição sociocultural à mulher, por disponibilidade ou por ser da área de saúde. Todas demonstraram falta de preparo para aplicar cuidados específicos às condições dos pacientes pelo tratamento; suas preocupações focalizavam principalmente a alimentação e a continuidade do tratamento, além de cuidados gerais. O cotidiano da vida das participantes foi totalmente alterado, ressaltando situações de conflitos ou aproximação dos familiares, solidão, estresse, perda do lazer, sobrecarga de tarefas e problemas financeiros. Os resultados mostram a importância da atenção do enfermeiro para o cuidado com o familiar cuidador do idoso em quimioterapia.
Antineoplastic chemotherapy entails intense adverse effects that affect the patients\' quality of life and cause repercussions in the family context. In Brazil, one of the relatives ends up assuming the functions of caregiver for the elderly, but is not always prepared for this activity. In this perspective, this research aimed to analyze the feelings family members attributed to the experience of being a caregiver for elderly cancer patients submitted to chemotherapy. The theoretical framework of interpretative anthropology was used and the ethnographic case study was adopted as the method. Research participants were four family caregivers of patients attended at two health institutions in the interior of Minas Gerais. The informants were women of different ages, two of whom were also elderly; two were daughters and the others the patients\' wives; three were housewives and one took care of elderly patients. Data were collected through interviews and observations at the participants\' homes; genograms and ecomaps were elaborated to visualize their social and family networks. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify the units of meaning, joined in three themes: the option to be a caregiver, the necessary care for the elderly, the re-signification of the caregiver\'s life. The option to be a caregiver derived from women\'s sociocultural attribution, as a result of availability or the caregiver\'s health background. All women demonstrated lack of preparation to deliver specific care to the patients\' conditions due to the treatment; their concerns mainly focused on meals and treatment continuity, besides general care. The participants\' daily life was totally changed, highlighting situations that caused conflict or greater approximation among relatives, solitude, stress, loss of leisure, task overload and financial problems. The results show that it is important for nurses to pay attention to care delivery for family caregivers of elderly patients undergoing chemotherapy.

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Gall, Jean-Marie. "Rene schickele environnement familial social et culturel (1883-1904)". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR20038.

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Les travaux interessant rene schickele concernent en premier lieu l'ecrivain confirme. La phrase initiale de sa vie n'a pas donne lieu a une etude specifique. De nouveaux documents permettent de pallier cette insuffisance. Le "deutsche literaturarchiv" de marbach conserve le journal (1899-1900) du collegien. Le fonds schickele de la bibliotheque municipale de munich compte lui, 36 messages d'atant 1905. Avec ceux des autres fonds, nous arrivons a un total de 55 messages rediges de 1899 a 1900. Ces lettres fournissent, en plus des renseignements d'ordre biographique d'interessants apercus sur les recueils de poesies "sommernachte" et "pan" et le poeme en prose"das lied der ebene". L'etat civil, les publications des etablissements scolaires, de l'universite de strasbourg, des livres d'a adresses constituent une source d'information supplementaire. Pour ce qui est des publications du groupe des sturmer je decouvris un album inconnu, la st. Georges. Il fournit la cle de cet ouvrage insolite qu'est le "stankerer". L'etude du journal et des revues auxquels rene schickele collabora, permit de completer la liste de ses oeuvres de jeunesse. Notre etude situe dans le temps les sejours hors d'alsace de rene schickele, documente certains episodes de sa vie et eclaire la psychologie du personnage. Quant a la plus jeune alsace (das jungste elsass), nous avons releve ce qui l'insere dans le mouvement des idees de l'europe d'alors
The writtings about rene schickele chiefly regard the etablished writer. The initial period of his life has not given matter to any specific study. New documents have allowed to mitigate that indiquacy. The "deutsche literaturarchiv" in marbach keeps the schoolboy's diary (1899-1900). 36 letters are included in the schickele fund of munich's town library. Adding those contained in other funds, we get a total number of 55 messages, all written between 1899 and 1904. Those letters not only provide biographical information, but interesting high lights on the poetry collections "sommernachte" and "pan". A further source of information derives from the registry office, as well as publications issued by educational etablishments, the university of strasbourg, address books, etc. . As to the publications by the "sturmer" group, i discovered one album unknown to literary history: la st. Georges, and completed rene schickele's list of youth works. Our study throws light on rene schickele's stay abroad, that is outside alsace, and on certain episodes of his life, such as his first great passion, as to the joungest alsace, we have called attention to the share he tock in the movement of ideas that prevailed in the europe of that time

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Camargo, Regina Aparecida Leite de. "Agricultura familiar e ruralidade em Ouro Fino-MG". [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256926.

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Orientador: Julieta Teresa Aier de Oliveira
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: As discussões sobre "novas" ruralidades chamam a atenção para as outras funções, significados e atribuições do espaço rural, não mais visto apenas como local de produção agrícola, mas também como portador de tradições e, sobretudo, de uma natureza a ser conservada. Nesse sentido, a agricultura familiar é evocada como potencialmente mais diversificada, menos daninha ao equilíbrio natural e mais propensa à conservação de uma paisagem compatível com a imagem de mundo rural buscada pelos citadinos. No contexto brasileiro, acreditamos que essa discussão deva ser permeada pela análise de como processos diferenciados de distribuição fundiária e desenvolvimento econômico e o tipo de agricultura resultante geram ruralidades específicas com características como, no caso da agricultura familiar, a manutenção de práticas sociais e de trabalho marcadas pelas relações de parentesco e vizinhança presentes numa sociedade de interconhecimento. É nesse caminho que segue esse trabalho ao analisar a agricultura familiar do município de Ouro Fino - MG através do estudo de um de seus muitos bairros rurais usando como metodologia básica a análise de sistemas agrários. Saber quem são os agricultores familiares, que atividades exercem, que área ocupam, que projetos e esperanças guardam para o futuro e para os filhos pode ajudar a esclarecer que tipo de ruralidade aquela realidade específica gera e qual seu potencial para atrair outras categorias sociais e outras atividades econômicas distintas ou complementares à agricultura. Corroborando com os autores que defendem a existência de pontos de continuidade e ruptura entre a agricultura familiar e o campesinato a pesquisa aqui apresentada examina de que forma a herança camponesa persiste no contexto de uma agricultura familiar modernizada e totalmente integrada ao mercado de insumos e produtos. É essa continuidade com o passado camponês que permite a manutenção de uma paisagem diversificada e atraente e assegura a persistência de laços de solidariedade encontrados nas relações entre os habitantes do bairro e entre comunidades vizinhas tanto na realização do trabalho como por ocasião das festas em louvor ao santo padroeiro
Abstract: The debate about "new" ruralities calls attention to the other functions, meanings and destinations of rural spaces now seen not only as the place for agricultural production, but carrying traditions and a natural richness that must be preserved. In that sense family farming is evoked as potentially more diversified, less dangerous to the natural balance and more prone to keep a rural atmosphere compatible with the image of the countryside seeked by urban people. In the Brazilian context we believe that such debate must be permeated by the analyses of how differentiated processes of land distribution and economic development and the resulting kind of agriculture generate specific ruralities with characteristics such as, in the case of family farming, the maintenance of social and work practices marked by the relations among relatives and neighbours present in a interrelation society. This work follows that path, analyzing family agriculture in Ouro Fino - MG through the study of one of its many rural neighbourhoods and using the agrarian systems analyses as basic methodology. To know who the family farmers are, what are their activities, what area they occupy, what projects and hopes they keep for the future and for their children can help clarify the kind of rurality a specific reality creates and what potential it has to attract other economic activities distinct and complementary to agriculture. Corroborating with authors that defend the existence of points of continuity and rupture between family agriculture and peasantry the research here presented examines the way in which the peasant heritage persists in the context of a modern family agriculture totally integrated in the market economy. It is this continuity with the peasant heritage that allows the permanence and the preservation of a diversified and attractive environment and assures the persistence of solidarity bonds found in work and social relations among local inhabitants and neighbour communities
Doutorado
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

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Rossato, Neto Félix João. ""Ainda somos os mesmos e vivemos como os nossos pais" : o processo sucessório nas bancas do Mercado Público de Porto Alegre". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2179.

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Esta pesquisa objetiva compreender e interpretar os fatores que levam os filhos dos permissionários a sucederem a seus pais nas bancas do Mercado Público de Porto Alegre. Para isso resgata-se a trajetória de vida, profissional e pessoal dos permissionários e dos seus familiares, identificando como os filhos dos permissionários percebem o processo sucessório e inserem-se nos negócios, como os permissionários preparam e coordenam esse processo em relação aos seus filhos, como se caracterizam as relações familiares e organizacionais que se estabelecem entre os permissionários e os seus prováveis sucessores e os aspectos facilitadores e os entraves com que se defrontam as empresas familiares quando no processo de sucessão. Para isso, o presente estudo utiliza-se do aporte teórico da Administração, da Antropologia e da Psicologia, e o método escolhido foi o estudo etnográfico (típico dos estudos Antropológicos). Os resultados mostram a existência de uma extensa rede familiar entre os permissionários da primeira geração que ajudam os mesmos a estabelecerem os seus negócios. Na sua grande maioria, os permissionários da primeira geração vieram da colônia para cidade e são filhos e/ou netos de imigrante italianos. Enquanto a primeira geração não teve oportunidade de estudo, muitos filhos da segunda geração, presente no Mercado, têm segundo grau ou curso superior. Muitos pais resistem à idéia de se aposentar e deixar o negócio para o filho. Os pais querem que as filhas estudem e que não trabalhem no Mercado, ao mesmo tempo, que se mostram ambivalentes quanto a possibilidade de os filhos seguirem na sua banca. Os filhos começam a trabalhar bem jovens na banca dos pais, muitas vezes, porque preferem o trabalho ao estudo, e as filhas iniciam a trabalhar no Mercado, na maioria das vezes, por razões financeiras, seja por não conseguirem emprego em sua área de formação, seja por ficarem viúvas, seja por se separarem dos maridos. Constatou-se ainda que não há planejamento para o processo sucessório, pois o mesmo acontece de forma natural, e que a passagem de cotas dos pais para os filhos é um momento marcante nesse processo. Os maiores conflitos familiares surgem por causa da visão diferenciada entre as gerações em relação ao negócio. O trabalho no Mercado se caracteriza por ser manual e ter um extenso horário. Os filhos aprendem a administrar a banca na prática, ao lado do pai.

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Souza, Robson Carlos de. "Cultura da empresa familiar x gestão empresarial". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8707.

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This dissertation presents a study on the culture of wholesale the familiar company Santos, in that it says about to the management of this company, who was made without taking in without the essential concepts of management. In the case illustrated in this dissertation, the family Santos worries more in gaining money, of that to all develop of supported form the growth of the company, who had its apex in the year of 1994 when reaching an invoicing ofUSS342,960,OOO.OO/yr, selling from the state ofthe Espirito Santo for all over BraziL The certainty is that the family did not attempt for the necessity of preparing itself to manage a business that grew of unordered form, insisting on not professionalizing the company, either enabling all the members of the family that already they occupied management positions, or contracting managers of recognized ability and technique. Thus being, this study investigates and analyzes the causes and effects of the success and failure of the management of wholesale the familiar company Santos, standing out the necessity of the professionalism on the conduction of the businesses of the family for managers prepared for such attribution, being member or not of the family proprietor of the company.
A presente dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre a cultura da empresa familiar Santos Atacadista, naquilo que diz respeito à gestão desta empresa que foi feita sem levar em consideração os conceitos essenciais de Administração. No caso ilustrado nesta dissertação, a família Santos se preocupa mais em ganhar dinheiro, do que desenvolver de forma sustentada o crescimento da empresa, que teve o seu ápice no ano de 1994 ao atingir um faturamento de US$342,960,OOO.OO/ano, vendendo do estado do Espírito Santo para todo o Brasil. O certo é que a família não atentou para a necessidade de se preparar para gerenciar um negócio que cresceu de forma desordenada, insistindo em não profissionalizar a empresa, seja capacitando todos os membros da família que já ocupavam cargos gerenciais, ou contratando administradores de reconhecida competência técnica. Assim sendo, este estudo investiga e analisa as causas e efeitos do sucesso e fracasso da gestão da empresa familiar Santos Atacadista, ressaltando a necessidade de se profissionalizar a condução dos negócios da família por gestores preparados para tal atribuição, sendo membro ou não da família proprietária da empresa.

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Paiva, Luciana. "A qualidade de vida e a experiência do trauma para vítimas e seus familiares". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-30062009-103348/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender o significado cultural de qualidade de vida para pessoas que vivenciam o processo de reabilitação de múltiplos traumas. A antropologia interpretativa, a etnografia e o Modelo Conceitual de Qualidade de Vida do Centre for Health Promotion foram utilizados como referencial teórico, nesta investigação. Participaram, deste estudo etnográfico, 11 sujeitos que estiveram internados, na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, e dez familiares. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação direta no domicílio dos participantes. A partir da análise e interpretação dos dados, constatou-se que os sentidos atribuídos pelos participantes à experiência do trauma estão relacionados às sequelas do trauma e a suas consequências, aos sentimentos de medo e insegurança, à vulnerabilidade vivenciada no pós-trauma associada ao surgimento de novas patologias e agravamento do quadro clínico e às percepções negativas da imagem corporal e das limitações físicas. Os sujeitos atribuíram o trauma e suas consequências aos desígnios de Deus, a hábitos como bebidas e uso de drogas ilícitas, ao ambiente de trabalho inseguro. Mencionaram que, apesar das consequências do trauma (incapacidades físicas, mudanças nas relações sociais, mudanças no estilo de vida), a experiência trouxe um melhor convívio familiar. As dimensões de qualidade de vida consideradas importantes para o grupo social foram ter saúde, trabalho e apoio. Considerando o Modelo Conceitual de Qualidade de Vida do Centre for Health Promotion, apresentado por Renwick (2004), a dimensão ser para os participantes deste estudo refere-se ao aspecto físico (dependência física, a preservação da imagem corporal), psicológico (ter felicidade) e espiritual (ter fé em Deus). Ao mencionarem o trabalho como um importante aspecto de reinserção social, observaram-se em suas narrativas as noções de ser já que é preciso ter saúde, recuperar a mobilidade e a independência; o que requer a noção pertencer, ou seja, o apoio social, espiritual e familiar, e associado à noção tornar-se, à medida que auxiliaram nas adaptações às mudanças vivenciadas no pós-trauma. . Os participantes expressaram que o trauma possibilitou a oportunidade de ver a vida com outro olhar. Os familiares e os pacientes procuraram reestruturar suas vidas em função do trauma, das dificuldades encontradas e de seu significado social.
The aim of this study was to understand the cultural meaning of quality of life for the people who live the rehabilitation process of multiple traumas. The interpretative anthropology, the ethnography and the Conceptual Model of Quality of Life of Centre for Health Promotion were used as theoretical reference in this investigation. In this ethnographic study, eleven subjects who were hospitalizes at the Intensive Care Unit of School Hospital of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro and ten relatives. For the data collection, semi-structured interview and the direct observation at the participants domicile were used. From data analysis and interpretation, it was observed that the senses attributed by the participants to the trauma experience are related to the sequelas and their consequences, to the feelings of fear and lack of confidence, to the vulnerability lived at post trauma associated with the upcoming of new pathologies and aggravation of clinical situation and to negative perceptions of body image and physical limitations. The subjects attributed trauma and its consequences to Gods will, to habits such as drugs and alcohol abuse, to the unsafe working place. It was mentioned that, in spite of trauma consequence (physical disability, social relationship changes, life style changes), the experience has brought a better familiar relationship. The quality of life dimensions considered important for the social group were those of having health, work and support. Considering the Conceptual Model of Quality of Life of Center for Health Promotion presented by Renwick (2004), the dimension of being for the participants of this study refer to the physical aspect (physical dependence, body image preservation), psychological (having happiness) and spiritual one (having faith in God). At mentioning the job as an important aspect of social reinsertion, it was observed, in their narratives, the notions of being, once it is necessary to have health, recover mobility and independence; which requires the notion belonging, which is, the social, spiritual and familiar support, and associated with the notion becoming, as they have helped in the adaptations to the changes lived at posttrauma. The participants expressed that trauma made possible the opportunity to see life with other eyes. The relatives and the patients tried to re-structure their lives due to the trauma, to the difficulties and their social meaning.

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Chaarani, Majeda. "Educations familiales et dynamiques identitaires et interculturelles au Liban- Philosophie de la différence et question de l’identité entre vie privée et environnement socioculturel et politique". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20127.

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16 familles libanaises (père, mère, et jeune), ont été l’objet d’une étude rétrospective, non aléatoire, afin d’explorer les notions de transmission et de dynamique identitaires, en relation avec les diverses éducations familiales. Les critères d’inclusion furent la cohésion familiale, et le niveau d’instruction des jeunes, supérieur ou égal au Baccalauréat. Les familles étaient choisies selon les principales communautés structurales d’une société pluricommunautaire, à savoir la société libanaise (et plus particulièrement, les communautés confessionnelles, géographiques, et socioéconomiques).L’analyse compréhensive et interprétative des données collectées, suivit une méthodologie de type qualitatif, selon la méthode de théorisation ancrée : 1) établissement de repères interprétatifs initiaux ; 2) co-construction de sens ; 3) analyse inductive / déductive ; 4) catégorisation en cours d’analyse de diverses conceptualisations ; 5) modélisation de ces catégories conceptualisantes en deux étapes (bidimensionnelle, et tridimensionnelle), et dont le résultat fut une modélisation théorique de l’identité individuelle ; 6) usage de cette modélisation afin de proposer une approche originale des transmissions identitaires et des dynamiques identitaires et interculturelles ; et 7) ultimement de dégager une théorisation sur « le cristal interculturel imparfait » (C.I.I.), et sur ses éventuelles et potentielles, applications et implications, en particulier, sur le plan éducatif. Le principal repère interprétatif initial personnel fut dégagé du terme arabe « oumour » : une représentation en termes temporels de l’Existence. Les principales conceptualisations que cette étude permit de catégoriser, sont : 1) la distinction entre trois formes d’appartenance : les identités existentielles, l’identité essentielle liée au sexe (gender), et l’identité nécessaire liée au « oumour » ; 2) la structure tripartite des appartenances existentielles, du fait de la double influence qu’y exercent la famille et la société ; 3) l’individualisation d’un troisième cercle intermédiaire d’appartenance, entre les cercles, privé, et public, qui est le cercle de la « assabiyya » ; 4) le caractère incomplet de chacun des trois cercles d’appartenances ; et 5) le concept de « dynamique identitaire nécessaire » (D.I.N.), qui est la somme indissociable de deux mouvements identitaires nécessaires. Quant à la théorisation du ʺcristal interculturel imparfaitʺ, celle-ci correspond à une simplification, dans un but didactique, de notre compréhension de la structuration de l’identité individuelle, de sa transmission, et de sa dynamique. Elle s’appuie sur deux notions fondamentales : 1) les souscomposantes identitaires, ou particules élémentaires de ce cristal imparfait ; et 2) D.I.N. de l’être, qui dynamise le tout, à travers des processus internes de rationalisation et de relativisation. L’approche interculturelle tient une place de choix, dans cette théorisation, eu égard la compréhension de la transmission et de la dynamique, identitaires. Si bien que l’altérité, se présente comme étant la relation élémentaire de cette structuration. Et dont l’approche use de façon combinée, interactive et obligatoire de trois logiques distinctes : 1) la logique intersubjective et existentielle ; 2) la logique subjective et essentielle ; et 3) la logique nécessaire, quant au sens que donne l’être à son existence, et qui est liée à son « oumour » (à sa D.I.N.)
16 Lebanese families (father, mother and youth) have been the subject of a retrospective, non-randomized study, to explore notions of identity transmission and dynamics, in relation to the various family educations. Inclusion criteria were family cohesion and the level of youth instruction level, greater than or equal to High School. Families were selected according to the main structural communities in a multi communitarian society, namely the Lebanese society (specifically: confessional, geographic, and socioeconomic communities). The comprehensive and interpretative analysis of data collected, followed a qualitative methodology, according to the grounded theory method: 1) establishment of initial interpretive markers; 2) co-construction of meaning; 3) inductive / deductive analysis; 4) categorization, while analysis is in progress, of various conceptualizations; 5) modeling of these conceptualizing categories in two stages (two-dimensional and three dimensional), the result of which was a theoretical modeling of individual identity; 6) use of this model to propose an original approach o identity transmissions, and identity and intercultural dynamics; and 7) ultimately to reach a theorization about the “intercultural imperfect crystal”, (I.I.C.), and about its eventual and potential applications and implications, especially in terms of education. The main initial interpretive and personal landmark, was that of the Arabic word of “oumour”: a representation, in temporal terms, of Existence. The main conceptualizations that this study made it possible to categorize, were: 1) the distinction between three forms of belonging: the existential identities, the essential gender-related identity, and the necessary “oumour”-related identity; 2) the tripartite structure of existential belongings, due to the double influence carried on by the family and the society; 3) the individualization of a third intermediate circle of belonging, between the private and public, circles, which is the circle of “assabiyya”; 4) the incompleteness of each of the three circles of belonging; and 5) the concept of “necessary identity dynamics” (N.I.D.), which is the sum of two inseparable necessary identity movements. As for the theorization of the “intercultural imperfect crystal”, this corresponds to a simplification, for didactic purposes, of our understanding of the structuring of individual identity, of its transmission, and of its dynamics. It is based on two fundamental concepts: 1) identity subcomponents, or elementary particles of this imperfect crystal; and 2) the N.I.D. of the being, that “dynamizes” the whole, through internal processes of rationalization and “relativization”. The intercultural approach is prominent in this theory, on regard of the understanding of the identity transmission and dynamics.That’s why otherness is presented as the elementary relationship of this structure. And whose approach is characterized by its combined, interactive and mandatory use of three distinct logics: 1) the inter-subjective and existential logic; 2) the subjective and essential logic; and 3) the necessary logic, as to the meaning, that the individual gives to his being, and which is related to his “oumour” (his N.I.D.)

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Ulbrich, Katharina. "Familiale Generationenbeziehungen und der Übergang in die Elternschaft". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-78572.

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Das Forschungsinteresse der Arbeit zielt auf die Funktion und Bedeutung familialer Beziehungen in einem Mehrgenerationennetzwerk aus Sicht verschiedener Akteure und in verschiedenen kulturellen Kontexten. Die Rekonstruktion familialer Generationenbeziehungen zwischen erwachsenen Kindern und ihren Eltern erfolgt im Rahmen eines spezifischen Lebenslaufereignisses: dem doppelten generationalen Übergang in die (Groß-)Elternschaft. Dieses familiale Übergangsereignis bringt ein Aufrücken der einzelnen Familienmitglieder im Generationengefüge und eine Pluralisierung individueller Generationenzugehörigkeiten mit sich und führt so zu verstärkten (inter-)subjektiven Aushandlungsprozessen und einer Neubestimmung von familialen Rollen. Gleichzeitig ist die Arbeit als ein Kulturvergleich zwischen ostdeutschen und süditalienischen Familien angelegt. Damit wird die Absicht verfolgt, die Funktion und Bedeutung intergenerationaler Familienbeziehungen in unterschiedlichen geschlechterkulturellen Kontexten zu untersuchen. Es handelt sich um eine qualitative Untersuchung, in deren Rahmen insgesamt 19 leitfadengestützte teilnarrative Interviews mit Müttern und Vätern eines Kindes bis max. 3 Jahre und den dazugehörigen Großmüttern durchgeführt wurden. Jeweils drei der untersuchten Familienkonstellationen stammen aus Dresden und Neapel. Aus dem empirischen Material wurde ein vierstufiges Phasenmodell des Übergangsprozesses entwickelt, welches diesen als einen Prozess der geschlechterspezifischen Elternrollendifferenzierung auf der Paarebene konzipiert. Zentral sind dabei die beiden komplementären Konzepte der natürlichen Mütterlichkeit und der fragilen Väterlichkeit. In Analogie dazu wurden für die Beziehungen der neuen Eltern zu den jeweiligen Herkunftsfamilien die komplementären Konzepte der natürlichen Matrilateralität und der fragilen Patrilateralität entwickelt, welche das Muster einer latenten intergenerationalen Asymmetrie zum Ausdruck bringen. Der Übergang in die Elternschaft wird somit als ein familiales Übergangsereignis beschrieben, welches maßgeblich zur Reproduktion einer weiblichen bzw. matrilinearen Dominanz im familialen Bereich beiträgt. Dieses Muster findet sich sowohl bei den deutschen als auch bei den italienischen Familien und kann somit in gewissem Sinne als kulturübergreifend angesehen werden. Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Untersuchungsgruppen zeigen sich hingegen mit Blick auf grundlegende Wertorientierungen, die der alltäglichen Lebenspraxis und den familialen Beziehungen zugrunde liegen. So sind die Familienbeziehungen deutscher Interviewpartner(innen) stärker durch Vorstellungen von Unabhängigkeit und Autonomiestreben (independence) charakterisiert. Italienische Interviewpartner(innen) hingegen brachten stärker am Prinzip der wechselseitigen Abhängigkeit und Verbundenheit (interdependence) orientierte Vorstellungen und Einstellungen zum Familienleben zum Ausdruck.

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Verdun, Marie Davilla. "Représentations et pratiques de l'éducation interculturelle institutionnelle et parentale dans un contexte diglossique : le cas de La Réunion". Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0049/document.

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Les représentations et les pratiques de l’éducation scolaire et de l’éducation familiale dans une île multiculturelle sont concomitants d’une éducation interculturelle, notamment dans un milieu où une situation diglossique existe. En effet, la langue française, langue administrative, est « considérée comme supérieure » à la langue créole, langue locale réunionnaise. Ce contexte diglossique n’agit pas dans l’intérêt des élèves ayant comme langue maternelle et familiale la langue créole. Autrement dit, la dévalorisation de la langue locale au profit de la langue administrative ne permet pas un accompagnement éducatif égalitaire des élèves, notamment dans leur scolarité. Aussi, la dévalorisation de leur langue, et donc de leur culture d’origine (car la langue créole réunionnaise a une histoire et c’est à travers elle que les Réunionnais se reconnaissent) ne leur offre pas un épanouissement complet. L’épanouissement est reconnu pour être à l’origine de toute réussite. Ce qui nous intéresse, dans notre recherche, ce sont les représentations qu’ont les jeunes scolarisés de cet écart entre la culture scolaire et la culture familiale, notamment les représentations de l’écart qui existe entre les deux langues, sachant que la langue familiale de beaucoup d’entre eux n’occupe pas la même position à La Réunion. Cette recherche nous a permis de voir de quelle manière nos jeunes scolarisés réunionnais se représentent l’éducation scolaire par rapport à leur éducation familiale, notamment à travers la langue ainsi que la place de l’interculturel dans notre île. Nous avons donc constaté que nos jeunes opposent une interculturalité interne de ce qu’ils vivent en famille à une culture scolaire sociale prescrite. En conclusion, nous pouvons remettre en cause ce fossé existant entre la langue, et donc la culture familiale et la culture scolaire administrative. Le but, n’a été nullement de remettre en question l’administration française, mais vraiment et uniquement d’apporter de la reconnaissance à tout ce qui affecte l’être humain au plus profond de lui-même. Nous proposons donc une éducation plus ouverte vers l’interculturel et une valorisation de la culture d’autrui
The representations and practices of school education and family education on a multicultural island are concomitant with intercultural education, especially in an environment where a diglossic situation exists. Indeed, the French language, the administrative language, is "considered superior" to the Creole language, the local Reunion language. This diglossic context does not act in the interest of pupils having as mother tongue and family, the Creole language. In other words, the devaluation of the local language for the benefit of the administrative language does not allow for equal educational support for pupils, particularly in their schooling. Also, the devaluation of their language, and therefore their culture of origin (because the Creole language La Reunion has a history and it is through it that the Reunionnais recognize themselves) does not offer them full bloom. The blossoming is acknowledged to be at the origin of all success. What we are interested in in our research is the representations that the young people in school have of this gap between the school culture and the family culture, in particular the representations of the gap between the two languages, knowing that the family language many of them do not occupy the same position in La Reunion. This research has enabled us to see how our young schoolchildren in La Reunion see education in relation to their family education, particularly through language and the place of interculturality in our island. We have found, therefore, that our young people oppose an internal interculturality of what they live with their families to a prescribed social school culture. In conclusion, we can question the existing gap between language, and therefore family culture and administrative school culture. The aim was not to question the French administration, but to truly and solely to give gratitude to everything that affects the human being in the depths of itself. We therefore propose a more open education towards intercultural and a valorisation of the culture of others

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Hughes, Nia. "Collectors in their familial social and cultural worlds". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527156.

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Oliveira, Evandro de. "Cultura e agroecologia: a influência de aspectos culturais na adoção e manutenção da agricultura agroecológica". Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2014. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1492.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
In contemporary society the conventional agricultural model permeated with the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers has gotten more importance since the late 1950 and it has spread throughout the world. This conventional agriculture benefited the large landowner, leaving the small producer on the fringes of rural development. Facing this unfavorable panorama to family farming, many small-scale farmers have opted for rural exodus, while those who stayed in rural areas try to survive by choosing alternative production. One of the alternatives to the family-owned is the Agroecology, which aims to produce food in a sustainable manner as well as the development of small farmers. However, in the Agroecology there are many obstacles that make it difficult the diffusion and maintenance of this agriculture. One of the issues that influence the adoption and perpetuation of Agroecology is about cultural elements. The existing culture in rural areas is a hybrid culture, whatever, it. is not a "pure" rural culture, but a culture in which is included several features that are unique to the rural environment. In this respect, many cultural aspects of rural surroundings influence the ecological agriculture. But it's not just rural cultural factors that influence Agroecology, cultural issues "external" the countryside also influence this agricultural practice. It is worth mentioning that culture also provides factors that contribute directly or indirectly in Agroecology, and also some cultural aspects "internal" or "external" in the rural environment that can intervene in Agroecology. It is in this perspective that the main objective of the dissertation is, to identify and understand the influence of culture on the adoption and maintenance of Agroecology. The study will be done with Agroecological family farmers associated in the Association of Family Farmers and Ecological Medianeira-AAFEMED. This association is located in Medianeira, Parana. The theoretical basis of the dissertation is based on theoretical-methodological ideas of Karl Mannheim, Norman Long, Michel Callon and Bruno Latur and some authors who work with the themes, culture, agroecology and family farming. The research will attempt to expose the cultural networks that influence the adoption and maintenance of Agroecology
Na sociedade contemporânea o modelo agrícola convencional permeado pelo uso de agrotóxicos e fertilizantes químicos ganha preponderância a partir da década de 1950 e se espalha pelo mundo. Esta agricultura convencional beneficiou o grande latifundiário, deixando o pequeno produtor à margem do desenvolvimento rural. Diante deste panorama desfavorável à agricultura familiar, muitos pequenos agricultores optaram pelo êxodo rural, enquanto os que ficaram no espaço rural tentam sobreviver optando por alternativas de produção. Uma das alternativas para a propriedade familiar é a agroecologia, que visa à produção de alimentos de maneira sustentável bem como também o desenvolvimento dos agricultores de pequeno porte. Contudo, a agroecologia possui muitos empecilhos que dificultam a difusão e manutenção desta agricultura. Uma das questões que influenciam na adoção e perpetuação da agroecologia são os elementos culturais. A cultura existente no meio rural é uma cultura hibrida, ou seja, não é uma cultura rural pura , mas uma cultura em que estão inseridas diversas características que não são exclusivas do ambiente rural. Neste sentido, muitos aspectos culturais do meio rural influenciam a agricultura agroecológica. Mas não são apenas fatores culturais do rural que influenciam na agroecologia, questões culturais externas do meio rural também influem nesta prática agrícola. Vale ressaltar que a cultura também propicia fatores que contribuem direta ou indiretamente na agroecologia, e, também, alguns aspectos culturais internos ou externos do ambiente rural que podem intervirna agroecologia. É nesta perspectiva que reside o principal objetivo da dissertação, que é identificar e entender a influência da cultura na adoção e manutenção da agroecologia. O estudo será realizado com agricultores familiares agroecológicos associados à Associação dos Agricultores Familiares e Ecológicos de Medianeira- AAFEMED. Esta associação localiza-se na cidade de Medianeira, Paraná. A base teórica da dissertação baseia-se nas ideias teóricas-metodológicas de Karl Mannheim, Norman Long, Michel Callon e Bruno Latur e alguns autores que trabalham com as temáticas, cultura, agroecologia e agricultura familiar. A pesquisa tentará expor as redes culturais que influenciam na adoção e manutenção da agroecologia

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Moraes, Marcelo Baêta de. "Estilo de liderança como um diferencial competitivo em uma organização familiar: o caso magazine luiza". Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2006. http://www.adm.ufba.br/sites/default/files/publicacao/arquivo/dissertacao_marcelo_baeta.pdf.

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As diversas organizações sofreram com as constantes mudanças nesses últimos tempos, isso fez com que buscassem novas formas de, não só se adaptarem, mas principalmente tornarem-se competitivas. Estruturadas nesse novo modelo – mais enxuto e ágil – viram-se à procura de orientação. Aqueles indivíduos que, através de um mapeamento detalhado do ambiente organizacional e contando com a colaboração dos que a compõem, conseguiram redefinir prioridades e crescer, foram percebidos como líderes. Nesse trabalho, buscar-se-á entender como uma organização familiar paulista conseguiu, através de um determinado estilo de liderança, destacar-se dentro de um setor de intensa competição e inúmeros concorrentes. Abordará, não somente a figura central da organização, mas também a história e a maneira como se delineia tal estilo na cultura interna da empresa, analisando como essa trajetória de inovação e crescimento através dos anos, foi influenciada por esse importante fator organizacional, que é a liderança.
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Vila, Vanessa da Silva Carvalho. "O significado de qualidade de vida: perspectivas de indivíduos revascularizados e de seus familiares". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-17012007-170807/.

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O objetivo desse estudo etnográfico foi descrever a realidade social vivenciada por pessoas durante o período de reabilitação da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, para compreender os significados da experiência da enfermidade e da qualidade de vida. Os referenciais teóricos foram a antropologia interpretativa e o modelo conceitual de qualidade de vida do Centre for Health Promotion. Participaram do estudo onze sujeitos que realizaram a cirurgia em uma instituição filantrópica, na cidade de Goiânia, Goiás, e dez familiares. Para coleta de dados realizou-se observações diretas e entrevistas semi-estruturadas no domicílio dos participantes. A partir da análise e interpretação dos dados, constatou-se que os sentidos atribuídos pelos participantes à experiência do problema cardíaco e da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio estão relacionados à surpresa ao saber que o problema era no coração, ao medo da morte, à entrega da vida nas mãos de Deus e à conformação, pois sem a cirurgia não seria possível sobreviver. As explicações para a doença relacionaram-se a causas psicossociais, comportamentais, sobrenaturais e à presença de outras condições crônicas de saúde. Mencionaram que, apesar das conseqüências (difícil retorno ao trabalho, necessidade de adotar um novo estilo de vida, dependência de familiares; necessidade de tomar medicamento), a cirurgia trouxe a possibilidade de sobreviver e aliviar sintomas. Para os participantes, qualidade de vida significa ter saúde, trabalho e harmonia familiar. Essas foram consideradas as dimensões importantes para uma vida ?tranqüila e feliz?. Considerando-se o modelo conceitual de qualidade de vida, observou-se que a dimensão ?ser? relacionou-se a ter saúde do ponto de vista físico (alimentar bem, dormir, não sentir dor), psicológico (paz) e espiritual (ter fé em Deus). Na dimensão ?pertencer?, os participantes mencionaram o trabalho relacionado aos cuidados da família e, principalmente, o trabalho que envolve o desenvolvimento social e que gera condições financeiras para promover o desenvolvimento pessoal, a independência, o lazer e o bem-estar físico. A dimensão ?tornar-se? envolveu a harmonia familiar como aspecto importante para o crescimento no sentido de adaptações às mudanças que aconteceram em decorrência da cirurgia (desemprego, invalidez, dependência). De um modo geral, apesar de mencionarem que não estão satisfeitos com todas essas dimensões, as pessoas afirmam que são felizes, pois consideram que não podem reclamar do que têm apesar de tudo. O significado de qualidade de vida é construído a partir da interrelação entre essas dimensões, resultando no tema: qualidade de vida - ser feliz à medida do possível. Conclui-se que a compreensão do processo saúde e doença é permeada por subjetividade e o grande desafio para a busca de soluções e implementação de ações em saúde que tenham como objetivo promover saúde e melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas. A compreensão da experiência da doença e do significado de qualidade de vida contribui para que pesquisadores, profissionais que cuidam de seres humanos, com ou sem incapacidades ou uma condição crônica de saúde, possam repensar sua prática e, então, buscar modelos de atenção à saúde mais integralizadores em que a alteridade, o humanismo e a individualidade sejam aspectos valorizados e norteadores de suas ações
This ethnographic study aimed to describe the social reality experienced by patients during rehabilitation after myocardial revascularization, in order to understand the meanings of the disease experience and quality of life. The theoretical reference frameworks were interpretative anthropology and the Centre for Health Promotion?s conceptual model of quality of life. Study participants were eleven subjects, who were operated on at a philanthropic institution in Goiânia, Goiás, and ten relatives. Direct observations and semistructured interviews at participants? homes were used for data collection. Data analysis and interpretation revealed that the meanings participants attributed to the experience of the heart problem and the myocardial revascularization surgery are related to the surprise in knowing that they had a heart problem, to the fear of death, handing over their life to God and conformation, as they could not survive without the surgery. Explanations for the disease were related psychosocial, behavioral and supernatural causes, as well as to the presence of other chronic health conditions. They mentioned that, in spite of the consequences (difficult return to work, need to adopt a new lifestyle, dependence on relatives, need to take medication), the surgery opened up the possibility of surviving and relieving symptoms. According to the participants, quality of life means being healthy, having a job and a harmonious family. These were considered important dimensions for a ?tranquil and happy? life. With respect to the conceptual model of quality of life, we found that the dimension of ?being? was related to being healthy from a physical (eating well, sleeping, not feeling pain), psychological (peace) and spiritual perspective (believing in God). In the ?belonging? dimension, participants mentioned work related to care for the family and, mainly, work involving social development, independence, leisure and physical well-being. The dimension of ?becoming? involved family harmony as an important aspect for growth, in the sense of adaptations to the changes that occurred as a result of the surgery (unemployment, disability, dependence). In general, despite mentioning that they are not satisfied with all of these dimensions, people affirm that they are happy, as they consider that they cannot ?complain of what they have in spite of everything. The meaning of quality of life is constructed on the basis of the interrelation between these dimensions, resulting in the theme: Quality of life ? being happy as possible. We conclude that the understanding of the health and disease process is permeated by subjectivity and constitutes the main challenge in seeking solutions and implementing health actions aimed at promoting health and improving people?s quality of life. The contribution of understanding the disease experience and the meaning of quality of life is that is allows researchers, professionals who take care of human beings with or without disabilities or a chronic health condition to rethink their practice and, then, look for more comprehensive health care models in which alterity, humanism and individuality are valued and drive their actions

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Coury, Cibele. "Liderança e cultura organizacional: estudo de caso em uma empresa manufatureira de origem familiar". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18157/tde-03122014-163140/.

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A maior parte das empresas do mundo tem origem histórica vinculada à família e assim permanecem por toda a sua existência. Neste tipo de empreendimento os sistemas família, propriedade e negócio encontram-se sobrepostos e tanto abordagens econômicas quanto psicológicas são importantes para a o entendimento. Esta pesquisa, realizada em uma empresa familiar, buscou compreender as relações entre a dinâmica de liderança da família dirigente e dimensões da cultura organizacional. O método utilizado foi o estudo de caso com delineamento qualitativo analisado sob a ótica sistêmica e psicodinâmica. A triangulação de dados provenientes de diferentes fontes foi utilizada para articular a visão dos participantes da pesquisa. Os instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram: levantamento de informações sobre a organização utilizando o Questionário de Caracterização da Empresa e Diário de Campo; a dinâmica familiar relacionada à liderança foi avaliada por meio da Entrevista Organizacional Estruturada (EOE) e para identificarmos a cultura organizacional foi utilizada a Escala de Cultura Organizacional - ECO a fim de medir sete variáveis da cultura organizacional. A dinâmica de liderança encontrada nos membros da família indica tendência à liderança autocrática, situacional, diferenciada e inadequada. Foram identificados vários mitos permeando a dinâmica da família e seu relacionamento com a empresa. A cultura organizacional apresentou-se como pouco flexível, centralizadora, burocrática e com baixo reconhecimento da qualidade do trabalho executado pelos profissionais. As dimensões de CO analisadas apresentaram sinergia com práticas e políticas gerenciais praticadas pelo fundador da empresa ao longo de sua história. Os resultados deste estudo também apontam para a relevância dos instrumentos de avaliação de grupos sob a ótica psicodinâmica e sistêmica na pesquisa qualitativa. A Entrevista Organizacional Estruturada mostrou ser um rico material para análise psicodinâmica de empresas familiares. Sugere-se aplicação futura tanto da entrevista (EOE) como da escala (ECO) em avaliações de saúde e desempenho organizacional.
Most of firms in the world has a historical origin linked to the family and remain so throughout its existence. In this type of enterprise systems family, property and business are overlapping and both economic and psychological approaches are important for the understanding. This research, performed in a family business, sought to understand the relationships between the dynamics of family leadership and leadership dimensions of organizational culture. The method used was the case study with qualitative design analysis from a systemic and psychodynamic perspective. The triangulation of data from different sources was used to articulate the vision of the research participants. The instruments for data collection were: gathering information about the organization using the Company\' Questionnaire Characterization, Field Diary; family dynamics related to leadership was assessed by Organizational Structured Interview (EOE) and to identify the organizational culture was used to Scale Organizational Culture (ECO) to measure seven variables of organizational culture. The dynamics of leadership found in the family members was autocratic, situational, differentiated and inadequate. Several myths permeating the dynamics of the operation of the company were also identified. Organizational culture was presented as inflexible, centralized, bureaucratic and low recognition of the quality of work performed by professionals. The dimensions of CO analyzed showed synergy with managerial practices and policies adopted by the founder of the company throughout its history. The results of this study also point to the validity of the use of assessment tools from the perspective of groups psychodynamic and systemic in qualitative research. The Organizational Structured Interview proved to be a rich material for analysis of psychodynamic family businesses. Future implementation of both the interview (EOE) and scale (ECO) in health assessments and organizational performance is suggested.

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Lopes, Stella Maris Brum. "Cultura, linguagem e fonoaudiologia: uma escuta do discurso familiar no contexto da saúde pública". Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-27082002-130828/.

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Este estudo buscou compreender o contexto cultural que envolve as práticas das mães residentes na comunidade pesqueira de Zimbros em Bombinhas, Santa Catarina e foi construído a partir do diálogo entre Fonoaudiologia, Saúde Pública e as Ciências Sociais. O caminho metodológico contou com contribuições da Etnografia, utilizando-se na pesquisa a observação participante realizada na sala de espera da Unidade de Saúde do bairro. A partir da análise dos textos dos diários de campo, observei a importância de construir-se uma escuta em relação à população e explorar mais o espaço da Unidade de Saúde como um espaço comunicativo para que a população possa ressignificar as suas práticas. As práticas das mães refletem a maneira como a comunidade entende as questões de linguagem. Neste local há um silêncio em relação às questões de linguagem que estão atreladas ao desejo da criança de falar, a espera do tempo certo para falar, sendo mais evidentes para as mães as questões atreladas ao uso de chupeta, à amamentação e/ou alimentação. A função das mães circula entre atender os desejos do filho ou repassar normas de conduta. Portanto, a Fonoaudiologia deve aprofundar as questões relacionadas à linguagem e cultura; construir formas alternativas de abordar a população, buscando situações dialógicas e que possam auxiliar outros profissionais a valorizarem as falas das mães.
This study has sought to understand the cultural context which involves the practice of the mothers living in the fishing community of Zimbros in Bombinhas, Santa Catarina State, and was developed from the dialog among Speech Therapy, Public Health, and Social Sciences. The methodological path featured the contributions from Etnography, by using, in the research, the participant observation carried out in the waiting room of the neighborhoods Health Department. From the analyses of the field diary texts, I have noticed the importance of developing a hearing related to the population and futher exploring the Health Department space as a communicative space so that the population may give a new meaning to their practices. The mothers practices reflect the way in which the community understands the language issues. In this place, there is a silence with reference to the language issues which are linked to the childs desire to speak, the right waiting period to speak, where the issues which are more evident to the mothers included the use of pacifiers, breastfeeding and/our feeding. The mothers roles range from meeting the childs wishes to passing on behavior rules. Therefore, Speech Therapy must further study the issues related to language and culture, develop alternative ways of approaching the population, seeking dialogical situations that may help other professionals to value the mothers' speeches.

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Klimasmith, Elizabeth. "At home in the city : urban domesticity in American literature and culture, 1850-1930 /". Durham : University of New Hampshire press, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40052609r.

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Delpino, Gabriela Barcelos. "Simbologia do uso de plantas medicinais por agricultores familiares descendentes de pomeranos no Sul do Brasil". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1879.

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In all ages and cultures man has learned to take advantage of local natural resources, including the use of medicinal plants. Understanding that each culture is composed of a web of meanings that will guide the actions of men in their daily lives, they will assign different meanings to these symbols present in their culture. Therefore, the symbology of the use of medicinal plants is particular in each culture and can have different meanings. This work aimed to investigate the meanings of the use of medicinal plants to the family farmers descendants of Pomeranians living in São Lourenço do Sul / RS and know the symbology of the use of medicinal plants in health care from the perspective of these farmers. The research was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, held in São Lourenço do Sul. This study is part of the research "Bioactive plants for human use by families of farmers from ecological base in southern Rio Grande do Sul", developed by the School Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas and Temperate Climate Embrapa. The study included five farming families descendants of Pomeranians, selected from the snowball methodology, proposed by Goodman. The data collection occurred from January to June 2011. The instruments used were semi-structured interviews, participant observation, photographic record of plants and georeferencing. It was used the thematic analysis. Within the symbolic universe of the farmers are descendants of Pomeranians there are different meanings attributed to the use of medicinal plants. The main symbols were observed: medicinal plant as an economic symbol, as a symbol of the first care of health, as a religious symbol and medicinal plant associated with symbology of food. The medicinal plant is considered easy acquisition by being present in the environment and because it is a more economical alternative before of allopathic medicinesIt symbolizes a connection between the symbol of care and economic value. These seek to maintain a healthy diet and they try to include the use of medicinal plants in their day to day. With regard to religion in this community is strong and regulates the mode of thinking and acting of the descendants of Pomeranians. It is important that the nurse knows the values and beliefs and how these relate to medicinal plants. Should consider that the care is a construct made with the subjects and for that it is necessary to understand the symbols present, valuing human action, the day to day social group and the various interpretations that they make in everyday life, so that their health action be effective. The nurse must understand that under the gaze of other symbologies the medicinal plant is not seen as a medicine, but takes on different meanings.
Em todas as épocas e culturas o homem aprendeu a tirar proveito dos recursos naturais locais, incluindo-se o uso de plantas medicinais. Entendendo que cada cultura é composta por uma teia de significados que irá guiar os homens em suas ações do cotidiano, estes irão atribuir diferentes significados aos símbolos presentes em sua cultura. Portanto, a simbologia do uso de plantas medicinais é particular em cada cultura e pode possuir diferentes significados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar os significados do uso das plantas medicinais os agricultores familiares descendentes de pomeranos que residem no município de São Lourenço do Sul/RS e conhecer a simbologia do uso das plantas medicinais no cuidado à saúde na perspectiva destes agricultores. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada no município de São Lourenço do Sul. Este estudo faz parte da pesquisa Plantas bioativas de uso humano por famílias de agricultores de base ecológica na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul , desenvolvido pela Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Pelotas e Embrapa Clima Temperado. Participaram do estudo cinco famílias de agricultores descendentes de pomeranos, selecionados a partir da metodologia bola de neve proposta por Goodman. A coleta dos dados ocorreu de janeiro a junho de 2011. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: entrevista semi-estruturada, observação participante, registro fotográfico das plantas e georreferenciamento. Foi utilizada a análise temática. Dentro do universo simbólico dos agricultores descendentes de pomeranos existem diferentes significados atribuídos ao uso de plantas medicinais. Os principais símbolos observados foram: a planta medicinal como um símbolo econômico, a planta medicinal como um símbolo de primeiro cuidado à saúde, a planta medicinal como um símbolo religioso e a planta medicinal associada à simbologia alimentar. A planta medicinal é considerada de fácil aquisição por estar presente no ambiente e por se tratar de uma alternativa mais econômica frente aos medicamentos alopáticos. Simboliza uma articulação entre o símbolo do cuidado e de valor econômico. Estes procuram manter uma alimentação saudável e para isso buscam incluir o uso de plantas medicinais em seu dia a dia. Com relação à religião esta é forte na comunidade e regula o modo de pensar e agir dos descendentes de pomeranos. É importante que o profissional enfermeiro conheça os valores e crenças e como estes se relacionam com as plantas medicinais. Deve considerar que o cuidado é uma construção realizada com os sujeitos e que para isso necessita compreender os símbolos presentes, valorizando a ação humana, o cotidiano do grupo social e as diversas interpretações que formulam no cotidiano, para que assim sua ação de saúde seja efetiva. O enfermeiro precisa compreender que sob o olhar de outras simbologias a planta medicinal não é vista como um medicamento, mas assume diferentes significados.

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Karastergiou, Maria. "Enfance, cultures, langage(s) : du biculturalisme familial à la psychopédagogie interculturelle". Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080875.

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Cette recherche repose sur l'hypothese que le bi mutilinguisme, et le bi multiculturalisme ne sont pas a priori, source de desequilibre psychologique pour l'enfant; il importe toutefois que les langues et les cultures en question soient valorisees par l'entourage familial et l'environnement preelementaire et que les deux soient en collaboration etroite afin de creer une ambiance favorable au developpement global de l'enfant. Son but essentiel est de fournir une base theorique au bilinguisme et au biculturalisme des enfants de familles biculturelles. La partie methodologique consiste a etudier la dynamique du biculturalisme des enfants de couples "mixtes" a travers les familles franco-helleniques (f h). Le niveau du bilinguisme de leurs enfants, les strategies communicatives au sein de la famille, les enjeux d'une education preelementaire bilingue, biculturelle, sont analyses. Cette analyse a ete faite a partir d'un ensemble d'etudes de terrain menees aupres d'enfants f h qui habitent a paris et a athenes ; les premiers "prescolarises" en milieu francais ou f h les deuxiemes, notamment en milieu francais (ils frequentent une "mini-school" grecque un apres-midi par semaine). Cette etude est fondee sur un recueil de donnes effectues a l'aide de questionnaires destines aux parents des enfants f h, qui frequentent les centres d'accueil preelementaires f h et d'un enregistrement video des activites de ces etablissements. L'analyse des resultats a montre que quand les deux milieux (familial et preelementaire) sont bilingues, biculturelles les enfants sont equilibres, et le niveau du bilinguisme des enfants est satisfaisant. A l'inverse, quand le milieu preelementaire est monolingue (soit francais, soit hellenique) le niveau du bilinguisme des enfants n'est pas satisfaisant. Le facteur ecole bilingue joue ainsi un role significatif dans l'obtention d'un haut niveau de bilinguisme. Ces conclusions n'ont aidee a aborder une pratique psychopedagogique interculturelle ; le mets ainsi en avant la necessite de promouvoir une psychopedagogie "sur mesure" pour les enfants bi multilingues, bi multiculturels qui s'appuie sur le. .
Research on the dynamics of the biculturalism in the early childhood. It's an interdisciplinary approach that draws upon an extensive faculty of differents disciplines like education, psychology, sociology, linguistics, anthropoligy, etc. The principal hypothesis of this study was that the bi multiculturalism and the bi multilingualism are not source of confusion ; under the condition however, that the family and the pre-school enviroment, are favourable and colaborate together in order to create a climate of assurance, and self confidence to the bicultural, bilingual children. This research is related also to the bilingual kindergarten schools. The analysis of differents contexts and situated action in a number of french-hellenic lindergarten schools in athens, greece, constitutes the subject of the experimental part of this study. One questionnaire and a video recording of the intercultural activities of those schools were the methodological instruments that assisted me to accomplish this part of the study. The initial hypothesis was actually confirmed; the more favourable the family enviroment is towards bilingualism, the higher the degree of bilingualism is and vice versa. The results of this study demonstrated also that the identity processes of the bicultural french hellenic children are in close contact with the type of schooling of these children (either monolingual - greek or french - or bilingual - french hellenic-). It was found that there is a significant difference, as to the degree of bilingualism, among children that frequent a bilingual kindergarten or a. .

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48

Mullerova, Alzbeta. "Maternal employment in the Czech transition : effects of family policy and gender norms". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100193/document.

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En république tchèque, les politiques de conciliation travail/famille ont été profondément remodelées à l’occasion de la transition systémique vers l’économie de marché : l’objectif de cette thèse est de décrire les récentes évolutions de politique familiale et d’estimer leurs effets sur l’emploi des mères. Malgré l’accession du pays à l’UE en 2004 et une disponibilité croissante de données, la littérature économique sur le régime d’Etat social, les politiques sociales et familiales et leur effet sur le marché du travail reste très rare. Je montre que l’orientation des politiques familiales après 1989 a induit un fort recul de garde publique d’enfants et creusé un très fort écart d’emploi entre les femmes avec et sans enfants en âge préscolaire. J’analyse les effets de deux réformes de congé parental : la réforme de 1955 qui a prolongé le paiement de l’allocation parental à 4 ans par enfant sans prolonger la durée de la protection d’emploi (3 ans), puis la réforme de 2008 qui a au contraire encouragé un retour en emploi plus rapide qu’auparavant. J’utilise l’Enquête Emploi et j’applique la méthode des Différences-de-différences pour estimer l’impact sur l’emploi des mères à court et moyen terme. Enfin, j’examine les déterminants culturels de long terme des préférences des ménages tchèques en termes de conciliation travail/famille, et je mets en évidence une évolution des valeurs de genre vers un modèle conservateur de la division des tâches. Cette évolution, qui court sur les années 2000, s’oppose à la tendance Européenne générale et est susceptible d’influencer l’orientation des politiques familiales ainsi que leurs effets sur les ménages
Czech work-life conciliation policies and practices have gone through dramatic changes since the 1989 transition from centrally planned to market economy. The objective of this thesis is to describe the recent evolutions of family policies, and to assess their effects on maternal employment. Surprisingly, despite the country’s EU accession in 2004 and an increasing data availability, the economic literature on the Czech welfare state regime, its social and family policy and its effects on labour market outcomes is extremely scarce. I show that post-transitional policies differed from the former interventionist and paternalist orientation, and resulted in a sharp decrease in public childcare supply and the widest parenthood-related employment gaps among OECD countries (41 pp in 2011). I focus on two reforms of the parental leave system: the 1995 Parental Benefit reform which extended the payment of universal parental benefit to 4 years instead of 3 without an equivalent extension of the job protected parental leave; then the 2008 Multi-Speed Parental Benefit reform, which encouraged yet again a faster return to employment. I use the Labour Force Survey and rely on a difference-in-differences strategy to assess the net effect of these reforms on mother’s labour market participation, in both short and medium run. Last but not least, I investigate long-run cultural determinants of the observed work-life conciliation preferences and show that a significant evolution towards conservative gender roles has been taking place in the post-transitional decades. This opposes the general European trend, and is likely to influence family policy orientations as well as the reforms’ outcomes

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49

Baudin, Thomas. "L'analyse des comportements de fécondité : politiques publiques et facteurs culturels". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00401964.

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Ma thèse apporte une contribution à l'analyse économique des déterminants de la croissance de la population et de son impact sur le bien-être. Elle se concentre particulièrement sur les comportements de fécondité, déterminant majeur de la croissance démographique. Le premier chapitre de cette thèse explore les recommandations de politique économique du modèle Beckerien standard. Il est démontré que, dans ce cadre, toute politique de subvention à l'éducation doit être complétée par une politique familiale. Cette politique consiste à taxer les naissances lorsque les externalités liées à l'investissement éducatif sont fortes. Le second chapitre propose un modèle où l'apparition et le timing de la transition démographique dépendent de l'interaction entre déterminants économiques et culturels des comportements de fécondité. La transition démographique est alors le fruit d'un progrès technique asymétrique en faveur du secteur industriel et d'une transition culturelle. Le troisième chapitre propose de mesurer l'impact de l'appartenance et de la pratique religieuse sur les comportements de fécondité en France. Cet exercice est le premier du genre en France et il conclut que l'intensité de la pratique religieuse est la seule variable religieuse qui influence significativement la fécondité : plus un individu est pratiquant et plus sa fécondité est élevée. Il apparaît que la transmission des comportements de fécondité et des valeurs familiales entre générations sont également des déterminants significatifs de la fécondité en France. Les effets Beckeriens standards sont également validés.

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50

Costa, Adriana Maria da Silva. "Fatores econômicos e culturais da sucessão na agricultura familiar: um estudo sobre o Oeste Catarinense". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4124.

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Family farming is responsible for most of the food supply, the majority of productive employment and to keep active most of the key cultural characteristics of the Brazilian countryside. However in spite of its expressiveness in agricultural production and ability to interact with other social and economic activities, literature has also pointed out that family farms are going through a redirect in the sociocultural and economic relations and sought to sustain a successor in ownership. In this context, the study aims to examine the succession process in family farming in the Far West of Santa Catarina, trying tounderstand the weight of sociocultural factors on output or the permanence of the young in rural areas. We made theoretical and empirical research in three microregions in western Santa Catarina, which present different aspects in the process of colonization. As intervening factors to the processes of succession, the region remains heterogeneous socio-cultural traits related to the religiosity and offspring, especially among farmers, responsible for the colonization of the micro study. As the survey results, we find the families of farmers sociocultural factors internal to family farmers and large responsible for the migration of rural youth, mainly in relation to patriarchal power. The survey also showed that the migration of young people is seen by the current managers as a means of keeping a child in the property as his successor, giving the condition of economic stability and maintain the property productive and profitable.
A agricultura familiar é responsável por grande parte do abastecimento alimentar, pela maioria da ocupação produtiva e por manter ativa grande parte das características culturais fundamentais do rural brasileiro. No entanto apesar, de sua expressividade na produção agrícola e capacidade de interação com outras atividades econômicas e sociais, a literatura vem apontando que os estabelecimentos familiares estão passando por um redirecionamento nas relações socioculturais e econômicas buscando sustentar um sucessor na propriedade. Neste contexto, o referido trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o processo de sucessão na agricultura familiar no Extremo Oeste Catarinense, tentando compreender o peso dos fatores socioculturais na saída ou na permanência do jovem no meio rural. Para tanto, realizamos pesquisa teórica e empírica, em três microrregiões no Oeste de Santa Catarina, que apresentam aspectos distintos no processo de colonização. Como fatores intervenientes aos processos sucessórios, a região, mantém traços socioculturais heterogêneos referentes, à religiosidade e descendência, principalmente entre os agricultores familiares, responsáveis pela colonização das microrregiões de estudo. Como resultados da pesquisa, encontramos nas famílias de agricultores fatores socioculturais internos a famílias de agricultores familiares como grandes responsáveis pela migração dos jovens do meio rural, principalmente ao que se refere ao poder patriarcal. A pesquisa evidenciou ainda que, a migração dos mais jovens é vista pelos atuais gestores, como meio de manter um filho na propriedade como sucessor, dando a este estabilidade econômica e condição de manter a propriedade produtiva e rentável.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Culture familiale"

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