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Read, David Alan. "Overcoming bias in Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) genotype detection and a population study of CTV within Southern African Star Ruby grapefruit orchards". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53554.
Texto completoThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
PhD
Unrestricted
Tsunoda, Fabio Silva. "Comissão Teotônio Vilela (CTV): direitos humanos e vocação militante". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-18042013-110243/.
Texto completoThe present work is an investigation about the process of professionalization of human rights defense in Brazil, considered through the case study of Comissão Teotônio Vilela (CTV). Founded in 1983, during the democratic transition, CTV started its work with the defense of regular prisoners and, with the democratic consolidation advancement, its claim agenda was either changed. In parallel, the trajectory of its members is also analyzed to show how they worked individually for the promotion and protection of human rights in Brazil. The research was conducted through interviews with founding members of the CTV, as well as the archives of the entity based at Center for the Study of Violence (NEV / USP), taking into account their reports, reports of visits, newspaper clippings and processes designed to seek some claim. The results suggest that the defense of human rights in Brazil was pervaded by two aspects, namely: increasing participation in state and governments and also in the internationalization process of claims.
Souza, Amancio José de. "Reação à infecção pelo vírus da tristeza dos citros (CTV) em plantas transgênicas de laranja \'Hamlin\' (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) expressando seqüências gênicas do CTV". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-25072008-123421/.
Texto completoThe Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is one of the greatest threats to the citrus industry worldwide. In Brazil, CTV continues to cause damage through strong strains despite the use of techniques like cross-protection and substitution of intolerant rootstocks. With the appearance and spread of the Citrus Sudden Death disease in 1999 and its possible relation to CTV, this virus was again among important pathogens within the Brazilian citrus industry. One of the possible solutions for controlling virus diseases in fruit crops is the development of immune or resistant transgenic plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance to CTV of transgenic \'Hamlin\' sweet orange plants containing three transgenic constructs obtained from CTV genomic sequences. The genetic constructs used aimed to activate RNAi defense routes (coat protein hairpin and a conserved sequence from CTV) and resistance mechanisms related to the coat protein expression. The transgenic plants were challenged with a weak strain of CTV, CTV-IAC, by bud and aphid (Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy) inoculation. The evaluation of viral replication was done by ELISA analysis. The transgenic plants were considered susceptible to viral replication and translocation when bud inoculated. However, a few plants showed retardation of infection. It was not possible to determine resistance in the aphid transmission assay since the controls were not uniformly inoculated.
Hjulfors, Emmelie Maria. "Optimal margins between clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV)". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-44824.
Texto completoGonçalves, Ana Claudia [UNESP]. "Separação de virus de importância fitopatológica em citros: CTV e CSDaV através de citometria de fluxo". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100738.
Texto completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Devido a grande importância econômica da citricultura no Brasil e mundo e aos problemas sanitários enfrentados sendo alguns limitantes para o cultivo, como é o caso das doenças causadas por vírus como: a tristeza cítrica, causada pelo vírus da tristeza dos citros (CTV), pertencente ao gênero Closterovirus, família Closteroviridae, uma das maiores ameaças da citricultura mundial, mesmo com a pré imunização através de estirpes fracas do vírus e substituição de porta enxertos, estirpes fortes de CTV ainda causam prejuízos consideráveis. E com o aparecimento da doença morte súbita dos citros (MSC) de etiologia não determinada. Pelo fato de não haver ainda métodos eficientes de separação de ambos os vírus presentes em uma única amostra, levantando se as hipóteses que a causa da MSC esteja relacionada a uma estirpe do vírus CTV, a um vírus do gênero Marafivirus denominado Citrus Sudden Death-associated Virus (CSDaV), pertencente ao gênero Marafivirus, família Tymoviridae, ou a uma associação entre eles. Este trabalho vem propor um método eficaz de separação por citometria de fluxo (FC) de CTV e CSDaV em amostras semi purificadas, diluídas em tampão TE, pH7,5, utilizando marcação de ácidos nucléicos com Iodeto de Propídeo (PI) e conjugação de anticorpos policlonais anti CTV com Isotiocianato de Fluoresceína (FITC), cuja eficácia do método foi comprovada pela reação da polimerase em cadeia (PCR)
Because of high economic importance of citrus in Brazil and the world and health problems being faced some limiting factors for growing as is the case of diseases caused by viruses such as sadness citrus caused by citrus tristeza virus (CTV) belonging to Closterovirus gender, family Closteroviridae, one of the biggest threats to the citrus industry worldwide, even with the pre immunization using mild virus strains and replacement of the rootstocks, strong strains of CTV still cause considerable damage. And with the onset of the disease citrus sudden death (MSC) of undetermined etiology. Because there is not yet efficient methods of separation of the two viruses present in a single sample, raising the hypotheses that the cause of SCD is related to a strain of CTV, a virus Marafivirus group called Citrus Sudden Death-associated Virus (CSDaV) belonging to the genus Marafivirus, Tymoviridae family, or an association between them, this paper proposes an effective method of separation by flow cytometry (FC) and CTV in samples CSDaV semi purified, diluted in TE buffer, pH7, 5, using marking of nucleic acids with propidium iodide (PI) and a combination of polyclonal anti CTV with Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the effectiveness of the method was confirmed by polymerase reaction chain reaction (PCR)
Justino-Kuga, Elaine Aparecida. "Avaliação de epitopos na proteina do capsideo de isolados do virus da tristeza dos citros (CTV)". [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314469.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T23:46:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Justino-Kuga_ElaineAparecida_M.pdf: 5500665 bytes, checksum: 5d07026a0dc49cbeb174c82abd0c0995 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999
Resumo: Estudos preliminares sobre a localização de epítopos na proteína do capsídeo (CP) de três isolados de CTV ('Pêra IAC', 'Pêra CB-22' e 'Pêra CB-104') foram realizados em três etapas. Na primeira, foi realizada a amplificação de oito regiões distintas do gene da CP, codificantes para três regiões Nterminais (aa 1 até 70; aa 1 até 120; aa 1 até 170), três regiões C-terminais (aa 70 até 223; aa 120 até223; aa 170 até 223) e duas regiões internas da CP (aa 37 até 67 e aa 64 até 94) onde haviam sido determinadas diferenças significativas entre as CPs dos três isolados. Na segunda etapa, foram avaliadas duas estratégias para expressão dos peptídeos de interesse: clonagem em vetor de expressão através de ligação AT (vetor Pinpoint TM Xa-1 T, Promega) e clonagem das seqüências alvo em vetores do sistema de expressão pET. O vetor Pinpoint TM Xa-1 T, carreando como inserto o gene inteiro da CPCTV, obtido como produto de PCR após amplificação do cDNA dos três isolados, transformou células competentes de E. coli JM109, mas após indução com IPTG, não houve expressão da proteína de fusão esperada. Os vetores do sistema pET, após ligação das seqüências alvo, não transformaram células competentes de E. coli BL21(DE3)pLysS. Na terceira etapa, três proteínas recombinantes (MBP-CPCTV, CB-22 e CB-104) produzidas a partir da expressão do gene da CP-CTV dos três isolados, foram clivadas com brometo de cianogênio. Os produtos de clivagem foram avaliados através de '¿Western Blotting¿ contra anticorpos monoclonais específicos para CTV. O monoclonal IC-04.6, desenvolvido contra a proteína recombinante CB-22 detectou epítopos, numa reação intensa, em peptídeos com massa estimada em 27 kDa e 18 kDa, originários da CB-22; o monoclonal 39-08, desenvolvido contra a proteína recombinante CB-104 detectou epítopos, numa reação moderada, em peptídeos com massa estimada de 28 kDa e 14 kDa, originários qa CB-104; o monoclonal MCA-13, desenvolvido contra um isolado da Florida, detectou epítopos em peptídeos originários das proteínas recombinantes MBP-CPCTV e CB-104; o monoclonal 3DF1, desenvolvido contra isolados de CTV espanhóis, detectou epítopos em peptídeos originários da CB-22 e CB-104 e o monoclonal 3CA5, desenvolvido contra isolados espanhóis de CTV, detectou epítopos apenas num peptídeo com massa estimada de 18 kDa presente na CB-22. Estes resultados sugerem que diferentes epítopos são reconhecidos pelos cinco monoclonais avaliados e que serão necessárias novas estratégias para avaliá-los
Abstract: Preliminary studies about the epitopes location in the capside protein of the isolates of the citrus tristeza virus of three isolate ('Pêra IAC', 'Pêra CB-22' and 'Pêra CB-104') were accomplished. In the first phase, the amplification was accomplished with specific direct and reverse primers of eight different regions of the CP gene, coding for three N-terminal peptides (aa 1 to 70, aa 1 to 120 and aa 1 to 170), three C-terminal peptides (aa 70 to 223, aa 120 to 223 and aa 170 to 223) and two internal peptides of CP (aa 37 to 64 and aa 64 to 90). In the second phase they were appraised two strategies for expression of the peptides: cloning in expression vector through AT cloning site (vector Pinpoint TM Xa-1 T promega), and cloning of the coding sequences in vectors of the system pET. Vector Pinpoint TM Xa-1, containing as insert the whole gene of CP, obtained as PCR's product after amplification of the three isolates' cDNA, transformed competent cells E. coli JM109, but after induction with IPTG there was not expression of the peptides of interest. The vectors of the pET system didn't transform competent cells E. coli BL21 (DE3)pLysS. In the third phase, three recombinant proteins (MBP-CPC1V, CB-22 and CB-104), produced from the expression of the CP-C1V gene of the three isolates, they were broken with cyanogen bromide. The break products were evaluated through "Western Blotting" against monoclonal antibodies specific for CTV. The monoclonal IC-04.6, developed against the recombinant protein CB-22 detected epitopes, in an intense reaction, in peptides with mass esteemed in 27 kDa and 18 kDa, original of CB-22; the monoclonal 39-08, developed against the recombinant protein CB-104 detected epitopes, in a moderate reaction, in peptides with esteemed mass of 28 kDa and 14 kDa, original of CB-104; the monoclonal MCA-13, developed against the T-36 isolate from Florida, detected epitopes in original peptides of the recombinants proteins MBP-CPCTV and CB-104; the monoclonal 3DF1, developed against Spanish isolates of CTV, detected epitopes in original peptides of CB-22 and CB-104 and the monoclonal 3CA5, developed against Spanish isolates of C1V, just detected epitopes in a peptide with esteemed mass of 18 kDa present in CB-22. These results suggest that the five monoclonal recognizes different epitopes and that will be necessary new strategies to evaluate them
Mestrado
Bioquimica
Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
Gonçalves, Ana Claudia. "Separação de virus de importância fitopatológica em citros : CTV e CSDaV através de citometria de fluxo /". Araraquara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100738.
Texto completoBanca: Henrique Ferreira
Banca: Nelson Wulff
Banca: José Belasque Junior
Banca: Marcel Bellato Spósito
Resumo: Devido a grande importância econômica da citricultura no Brasil e mundo e aos problemas sanitários enfrentados sendo alguns limitantes para o cultivo, como é o caso das doenças causadas por vírus como: a tristeza cítrica, causada pelo vírus da tristeza dos citros (CTV), pertencente ao gênero Closterovirus, família Closteroviridae, uma das maiores ameaças da citricultura mundial, mesmo com a pré imunização através de estirpes fracas do vírus e substituição de porta enxertos, estirpes fortes de CTV ainda causam prejuízos consideráveis. E com o aparecimento da doença morte súbita dos citros (MSC) de etiologia não determinada. Pelo fato de não haver ainda métodos eficientes de separação de ambos os vírus presentes em uma única amostra, levantando se as hipóteses que a causa da MSC esteja relacionada a uma estirpe do vírus CTV, a um vírus do gênero Marafivirus denominado Citrus Sudden Death-associated Virus (CSDaV), pertencente ao gênero Marafivirus, família Tymoviridae, ou a uma associação entre eles. Este trabalho vem propor um método eficaz de separação por citometria de fluxo (FC) de CTV e CSDaV em amostras semi purificadas, diluídas em tampão TE, pH7,5, utilizando marcação de ácidos nucléicos com Iodeto de Propídeo (PI) e conjugação de anticorpos policlonais anti CTV com Isotiocianato de Fluoresceína (FITC), cuja eficácia do método foi comprovada pela reação da polimerase em cadeia (PCR)
Abstract: Because of high economic importance of citrus in Brazil and the world and health problems being faced some limiting factors for growing as is the case of diseases caused by viruses such as sadness citrus caused by citrus tristeza virus (CTV) belonging to Closterovirus gender, family Closteroviridae, one of the biggest threats to the citrus industry worldwide, even with the pre immunization using mild virus strains and replacement of the rootstocks, strong strains of CTV still cause considerable damage. And with the onset of the disease citrus sudden death (MSC) of undetermined etiology. Because there is not yet efficient methods of separation of the two viruses present in a single sample, raising the hypotheses that the cause of SCD is related to a strain of CTV, a virus Marafivirus group called Citrus Sudden Death-associated Virus (CSDaV) belonging to the genus Marafivirus, Tymoviridae family, or an association between them, this paper proposes an effective method of separation by flow cytometry (FC) and CTV in samples CSDaV semi purified, diluted in TE buffer, pH7, 5, using marking of nucleic acids with propidium iodide (PI) and a combination of polyclonal anti CTV with Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the effectiveness of the method was confirmed by polymerase reaction chain reaction (PCR)
Doutor
Moya, Gay Patricia. "Variabilidad genética y evolución del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV) en procesos de transmisión". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/41732.
Texto completoCTV isolates are composed of a population of sequence variants, resulting from mutation and recombination events. The frequency of these variants in the population is the outcome of different selective pressures, and migration and genetic drift phenomena generally associated to transmission processes. Here we analyzed separately the effect of different factors of the transmission process on the diversity and population structure of CTV isolates. We studied the effect of aphid transmission by nucleotide sequence comparisons between the donor and receptor plants and the collection CTV isolate. Transmission efficiency was low, and no sequence variation was observed. Aphid and graft transmission are a bottleneck resulting in a founder effect. We analysed the effect of graft transmission to a host of the same species. No obvious changes were observed in the CTV population structure and diversity We also studied if graft-transmission to different varieties propagated on Carrizo citrange could alter the CTV population. Although significant diversity changes were not observed, the population structure was occasionally altered due to the appearance of new sequence variants genetically close that became predominant in these populations. Finally, we used a clonal CTV isolate to study genetic variation generated de novo in different hosts. This isolate was serially passed by graft-transmission in different susceptible hosts and in a partially resistant host (sour orange). While CTV population was stable in the susceptible hosts, passages through sour orange caused major changes due to the appearance of new diverged sequence variants previously found in two natural isolates). Detection of minor variants phylogenetically located between these three genotypes supports the idea of an evolutionary process between the original and two new genotypes to get adapted to sour orange. Recombination events involving the three genotypes supports the presence of more than one genotype in infected sour orange. Inoculation from sour orange to susceptible hosts showed progressive loss of infectivity, due in part to the low virus titer in this host. CTV could neither be detected in Mexican lime propagated on these sour orange plants, suggesting that some host factor might also block CTV movement from sour orange to lime.
Navarro, López Josep Amadeu. "Estudio preliminar de las interacciones del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV) y su huésped". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/90468.
Texto completoEl virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV) es un closterovirus con un RNA genómico (gRNA) de ssRNA (+) y ¿20 Kb organizado en 12 pautas de lectura abierta (ORFs) que codifican al menos 17 proteínas, algunas de función desconocida. Las proteínas p25 y p27 forman parte de un grupo de genes implicados en el ensamblaje del virión, y se ha demostrado que p25 junto con p20 y p23 son supresores de silenciamiento génico en algunas especies de Nicotiana, y la última es también un determinante de patogénesis. CTV tiene una gama de huéspedes muy restringida y de forma natural sólo infecta el floema de algunas especies de cítricos. Por ello, para trabajar con este patosistema virus-huésped, se requiere un huésped experimental adecuado y un sistema genético eficiente de CTV. Durante los últimos años hemos desarrollado un sistema genético de CTV basado en la agroinfección sistémica de Nicotiana benthamiana, una especie no-natural de este virus, con clones infecciosos del genotipo T36. Dicha infección va acompañada de síntomas característicos, algunos de los cuales son similares a los que el virus induce en cítricos. La interacción CTV-N. benthamiana es muy variable y genotipo-dependiente, sólo algunos aislados se replican en esta especie y únicamente T36 la infecta sistémicamente. En este trabajo, abordamos la función de las proteínas p20 y p25 de tres aislados de CTV que difieren en sus características patogénicas. La expresión transitoria de las p20 y p25 fusionadas a proteínas fluorescentes reveló su idéntica localización subcelular en N. benthamiana y cítricos. La proteína p20 se localizó en el citosol y el núcleo celular en agregados amorfos asociados a regiones perinucleares e inclusiones nucleares puntuales. En cambio, la expresión de la p25 de T36, T318A y T385 de CTV reveló una localización diferencial. Mientras la de T36 y T385 fue nuclear, la de T318A fue citosólica. Un análisis detallado de las regiones implicadas en dicha localización, reveló la existencia de una señal de exportación nuclear NES rica en leucinas en la región Nt de la proteína. Un análisis de la capacidad patogénica de p20 y p25 en N. benthamiana en un contexto de infección viral heterólogo a través de PVX, mostró que p25 no es un determinante de patogenicidad en esta especie, pero p20 sí. Por otra parte, el interactoma de la p25-T36 resultó mucho más complejo y diverso que el de la p25-T318A, interviniendo potencialmente en mayor número de procesos metabólicos de fotosíntesis, actividad redox, homeóstasis y transporte celular, biosíntesis y degradación de proteínas, unión a proteínas de los plastidios y ácidos nucleicos o de respuesta a estrés (biótico y oxidativo) o defensa mediada por la ruta del jasmónico, del ciclo de metilación, señalización por ROS y proteínas HSP. Las interacciones mayoritarias de la p25-T318A se relacionaron con transporte/localización y respuesta a estrés, principalmente con interactores implicados en procesos de apoptosis, patogénenis y proteínas HSP, de unión a calcio o redoxinas. También hemos conseguido la evolución experimental de CTV por pases seriados en N. benthamiana. Dicha evolución conlleva un conjunto de características adaptativas significativas como: el aumento del prendimiento de injertos, de la tasa neta de infectividad, del título viral y del adelanto de los síntomas causados en esta especie herbácea con el aumento de los pases. Las características adaptativas también se reflejaron a nivel molecular en la variabilidad genética y estructura de las poblaciones de los virus evolucionados en dos linajes independientes. Virus evolucionados en N. benthamiana resultaron menos infecciosos inicialmente por inoculación mecánica de regreso a cítricos, y se acumularon menos que el virus parental durante el primer año. Dicha re-adaptación de los virus evolucionados se reflejó a nivel molecular en la pérdida progresiva de las m
El virus de la tristesa dels cítrics (CTV) és un closterovirus amb un RNA genòmic de ssRNA(+) i 20 Kb organitzat en 12 pautes de lectura oberta (ORFs) que codifiquen, al menys, 17 proteïnes, algunes de les quals de funció desconeguda. Les proteïnes p25 i p27 formen part d'un grup de gens implicat en l'assemblatge del virió, i s'ha demostrat que p25, junt a p20 i p23, són supressors de silenciament gènic en algunes espècies de Nicotiana, i la última també és un determinant de patogènesi. La gama d'hostes de CTV és molt restringida i de forma natural sols infecta el floema d'algunes espècies de cítrics. Per això, per a treballar amb aquest patosistema virus-hoste, es requereix un hoste experimental adequat i un sistema genètic eficient de CTV. Durant els últims anys hem desenvolupat un sistema genètic de CTV basat en l'agroinfecció sistèmica de Nicotiana benthamiana, una espècie no-natural d'aquest virus, amb clons infecciosos del genotip T36. Aquesta infecció va acompanyada de símptomes característics, alguns dels quals són similars als que el virus indueix en cítrics. La interacció CTV-N. benthamiana és molt variable i genotip depenent, ja que sols alguns aïllats es repliquen en aquesta espècie i únicament T36 la infecta sistèmicament. En aquest treball hem abordat la funció de les proteïnes p20 i p25 de tres aïllats de CTV que difereixen en les seues característiques patogèniques. L'expressió transitòria de les p20 i p25 fusionades a proteïnes fluorescents va revelar la seua idèntica localització subcel·lular en N. benthamiana i cítrics. La proteïna p20 dels aïllats T36, T318A i T385 es va localitzar al citosol i al nucli cel·lular formant agregats amorfs associats a regions perinuclears, i inclusions nuclears puntuals. En canvi, l'expressió de la p25 de T36, T318A i T385 de CTV va revelar una localització diferencial. Mentre la de T36 i T385 fou nuclear, la de T318A fou citosòlica. Una anàlisi detallada de les regions implicades en eixa localització va revelar l'existència d'una senyal d'exportació nuclear (NES) rica en leucines a la regió Nt de la proteïna. L'anàlisi de la capacitat patogènica de p20 i p25 en N. benthamiana en un context d'infecció viral heteròloga a través de PVX, va mostrar que p25 no és un determinant de patogenicitat en aquesta espècie, però p20 sí. D'altra banda, l'interactoma de p25-T36 va resultar molt més complex i divers que el de p25-T318A, intervenint potencialment en un major nombre de processos metabòlics de fotosíntesi, activitat redox, homeòstasi i transport cel·lular, biosíntesi i degradació de proteïnes, unió a proteïnes dels plastidis i àcids nucleics o de resposta a estrés (biòtic i oxidatiu) o defensa mediada per la ruta del jasmònic, del cicle de metilació, senyalització per ROS i proteïnes HSP. Les interaccions majoritàries de la p25-T318A es relacionaren amb transport/localització i resposta a estrés, principalment amb interactors implicats en processos d'apoptosi, patogènesi i proteïnes HSP, d'unió a calci o redoxines. També hem aconseguit l'evolució experimental de CTV per passes seriats en N. benthamiana. Aquesta evolució comporta un conjunt de característiques adaptatives significatives com: l'augment de la supervivència dels empelts, de la taxa neta d'infectivitat, de la càrrega viral i de l'ajornament dels símptomes causats en aquesta espècie herbàcia amb l'augment dels passes. Les característiques adaptatives també es reflectiren a nivell molecular amb la variabilitat genètica i estructura de les poblacions dels virus evolucionats en dos llinatges independents. Virus evolucionats a N. benthamiana resultaren menys infecciosos inicialment per inoculació mecànica de tornada a cítrics, i s'acumularen menys que el virus parental durant el primer any. Aquesta re-adaptació dels virus evolucionats a N. benthamiana de tornada a cítrics es va reflectir a nivell molecular amb
Navarro López, JA. (2017). Estudio preliminar de las interacciones del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV) y su huésped [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/90468
TESIS
Kahlon, Amandeep Singh. "Molecular characterization of the population diversity of selected isolates and subisolates of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) from Florida". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011870.
Texto completoXue, Wei xue. "Measurements of Cellular Intrinsic Magnetism with Cell Tracking Velocimetry and Separation with Magnetic Deposition Microscopy". The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461231847.
Texto completoGómez, Muñoz Neus. "ESTUDIO DE LA INTERACCIÓN DIFERENCIAL ENTRE AISLADOS DEL VIRUS DE LA TRISTEZA DE LOS CÍTRICOS (CTV) Y SUS HUÉSPEDES". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/94624.
Texto completoTristeza is the most important viral disease affecting citrus plants and Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the causal agent of this disease. CTV induces at least one of this syndromes: I) decline and death of sweet orange (SwO), grapefruits and mandarin trees grafted on sour orange (SO) rootstock, this syndromes is known as "tristeza", II) stunting, stem pitting (SP) and small fruits, and III) stunting and leaf chlorosis of lemon, grapefruit and SO seedlings (seedling yellows, SY). The host range of CTV is restricted and until recently no experimental herbaceous host was known. The agroinoculation Nicotiana benthamiana with clones of complementary DNA (cDNA) from the CTV isolate T36 cause the systemic infection of the plant and similar symptoms to those observed in citrus, although the infection is not limited to the phloem. T36 isolate induces SY and SP of Mexican lime (ML), but not in other hosts such as grapefruit and SwO. Therefore, to study the genetic determinants responsible of the SP syndrome induction was necessary to develop a genetic system based on agroinoculated clones from an isolate able to induce these symptoms, such as the Spanish isolate T318A. To do this, full length cDNA clones from T318A were obtained. They are able to replicate in N. benthamiana leaves but unable to induce systemic infection and showed several mutations in their protein of the minor coat, p27. The correction of these mutations and the construction of new clones of complete length from T318A labeled with the gfp gene, showed a proper replication in agroinoculated leaves of N. benthamiana, but they were still unable to induce systemic infection in this experimental host. The differential response of N. benthamiana to different CTV strains allows the study of the potential factors involved in the virus-host interaction. The aim of this work was study the interaction between the viral proteins p20 and p25 from the isolates T36 and T318A with N. benthamiana proteins with an analysis consisted in: I) the transitory expression of p20/p25 fused to Strep-Tag in N. benthamiana leaves, II) purification of the CTV protein-host protein complex and interatomic analysis of the data, and III) the study of the direct interaction between p20/p25 and selected plant proteins by the analysis of the double hybrid in yeast and bimolecular complementation of fluorescence (BIFC). The proteomic analysis showed strong differences between isolates that may partially explain the differential behavior of the T36 and T318A isolates in this experimental host. The induction of decline syndrome by CTV in citrus has leaded the use of tolerant rootstocks to decline. However, the use of such rootstocks is less suitable. Citrus plants propagated on SO rootstock and infected by CTV show phloem necrosis below the bud union that reduces the flow of carbohydrates to the roots. These symptoms may be a consequence of the activation of defense pathways in the plant, such as the hypersensitive reaction, hormone salicylic acid (SA) pathways or the RNA mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). Their relation is essential to know their implication in the decline. Therefore, the role of different genes involved in SA and PTGS has been studied by the silencing of plant genes using a viral vector (VIGS) based in the genome of the citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV). The gene silencing of the SA and PTGS in SO and the inoculation of three different pathogenicity CTV isolates showed that both pathways are involved in the SO defense against CTV. The analysis of the proteins p20, p23 and p25 as possible suppressors of the AS indicating that the more virulent CTV isolates possess the more powerful suppressors.
La Tristesa és la malaltia viral més greu del cultiu dels cítrics. CTV induïx un o més de les síndromes següents: I) decaïment i mort de taronger dolç§ (ND), pomelo i mandariner empeltats sobre el patró taronger amarg (NA), síndrome conegut com "Tristesa", II) nanisme, estries en la fusta i fruita de xicotet calibre (SP) i III) nanisme i tonalitat groguenta de plantes de llavor de llimera, pomelo i taronger amarg (SY). El rang d'hostes de CTV és molt restringit i fins fa poc no es coneixia cap hoste herbaci experimental. Actualment es sap que la infecciò sistèmica en Nicotiana benthamiana amb clons de DNA complementari (cDNA) de l`aïllat de T36 provoca la infecció sistemàtica de la planta, acompanyada de síntomes similars als induïts en cítrics, si be la infecció no queda llimitada al floema. L' aïllat T36 induïx SY i estries en la fusta de Llima Mexicana (LM), però no en altres hostes com a pomelo, ND o NA, l'estudi dels determinants genètics responsables de la inducció de la síndrome de SP requeria desenvolupar un sistema genètic basat en clons agroinfecciosos d'un aïllat inductor d'estos símptomes, com l'aïllat espanyol T318A. Per a això, es va partir de clons de cDNA longitud completa de T318A prèviament desenvolupats al laboratori, capaços de replicar-se en fulls de N. benthamiana però incapaços d'induir infecció sistèmica i que presentaven varies mutacions en la seua proteïna de càpsida minoritatia p27. La correcció d`aquestes mutacions i la construcció de nous clons T318A de longitud completa marcats amb el gen gfp, van mostrar una correcta replicació en fulls agroinfiltradas de N. benthamiana però van resultar incapaços d'induir infecció sistèmica en aquest hoste experimental. La resposta diferencial dependent d'aïllat en N. benthamiana front CTV permet estudiar els possibles factors de la interacció virus- hoste. Es va dur a terme l'estudi de la funció de les proteínes virals p20 i p25 dels aïllats T36 i T318A amb proteïnes de N. benthamiana utilitzant un abordatge consistent en: i) l' expressió transitòria de les dues proteïnes p20/p25 marcades amb una etiqueta Strep-Tag en fulls de N. benthamiana, ii) purificació dels complexos proteïna CTV-proteïna hoste i anàlisi interactómic de les dades, i iii) estudi de la interacció directa per mitjà de doble híbrid en llevat i complementació bimolecular de fluorescència (BIFC) de les proteïnes virals i determinades proteïnes de N. benthamiana. Aquest abordatge proteòmic va mostrar clares diferències entre aïllats que poden explicar el comportament diferencial dels aïllats T36 i T318A en aquest hoste experimental. La inducció de la síndrome de decaïment per part de CTV en cítrics ha obligat la utilització de patrons tolerants al decaïment. No obstant, aquestos patrons són agronòmicament menys adequats. Les plantes de cítrics propagades sobre NA i infectades por CTV mostren necrosi als tubs cribosos i disminució del floema funcional. Aquestos símptomes poden ser conseqüència de l'activació de les rutes de defensa de la planta com la reacció d'hipersensibilitat, desencadenada per la ruta de l'àcid salicílic o el silenciamient gènic mediat per RNA (PTGS). Amb l'objectiu d'analitzar la implicació d¿aquestes rutes en la defensa, es va estudiar el paper de diferents gens implicats en la ruta de l'AS i del PTGS per mitjà del silenciamient gènic induït per virus basat en el genoma del tacat foliar dels cítrics (CLBV). El silenciamient gènic de les rutes AS o PTGS en plantes NA i la inoculació de tres aïllats de CTV patogènicament diferents va mostrar la implicació de les dues rutes en la defensa del NA front CTV. L'analisis de les proteïnes p20, p23 i p25 com a possibles supressors de la ruta de l'AS va indicar que els aïllats més virulents de CTV posseïxen supressors més potents.
Gómez Muñoz, N. (2017). ESTUDIO DE LA INTERACCIÓN DIFERENCIAL ENTRE AISLADOS DEL VIRUS DE LA TRISTEZA DE LOS CÍTRICOS (CTV) Y SUS HUÉSPEDES [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/94624
TESIS
Soler, Calvo Nuria. "Transgenic resistance against Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and analysis of the viral p23 protein as pathogenicity determinant in citrus". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/31631.
Texto completoCitrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the causal agent of one of the most devastating viral diseases of citrus trees in the world. CTV is phloem-restricted in natural citrus hosts, and has evolved three silencing suppressor proteins acting at intra- (p23 and p20) and inter-cellular level (p20 and p25) to overcome strong host antiviral defense in citrus. RNA interference (RNAi), an approach based on using dsRNA to trigger RNA silencing, has been widely used for generating transgenic plants resistant against viruses. Considering the important role of p23, p20 and p25 in CTV pathogenesis, we have transformed Mexican lime plants with an intron-hairpin vector carrying full untranslatable versions of genes p25, p20, p23 and the 3¿-UTR from the CTV strain T36, to attempt silencing their expression in CTV-infected cells. Complete resistance to viral infection was observed in three transgenic lines, with all their propagations remaining symptomless and virus-free after graft-inoculation with CTV-T36, either in the non-transgenic rootstock or directly in the transgenic scion. Accumulation of transgene-derived siRNAs was necessary but not sufficient for CTV resistance. Challenging immune transformants with a divergent CTV strain resulted in partial breakage of the resistance, stressing the importance of sequence identity in the underlying RNAi mechanism. This is the first evidence that it is possible to achieve full resistance to CTV in a highly sensitive citrus host by targeting simultaneously its three viral silencing suppressors through RNAi. The p23 protein encoded by the virus is additionally an important pathogenicity factor. Ectopic expression of p23 in transgenic citrus plants induces developmental aberrations resembling CTV symptoms. To explore in more detail the role of p23 in CTV pathogenesis, the p23 gene from CTV T36 and three truncated versions thereof under the control of the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter were used to transform Mexican lime. Only the truncated version expressing amino acids 1 to 157 (p23¿158-209) elicited CTV-like symptoms, similar to, albeit milder than, those incited by expressing the whole p23 protein (209 amino acids), thus delimiting the region responsible for p23 pathogenesis in citrus to a 157 amino acid fragment including the Zn finger and flanking basic motifs of the protein. RNA silencing suppressor activity of p23 in N. benthamiana was abolished by all mutants tested, indicating that silencing suppression involves most p23 regions. To better define the role of p23 in CTV pathogenesis, we next restricted the expression of p23-derived transgenes to phloem-associated cells in Mexican lime plants by means of using the phloem-specific promoter from Commelina yellow mottle virus (CoYMV). Constructions carrying the complete gene p23 from either the severe T36 or the mild T317 CTV strains, or a fragment comprising the zinc-finger and flanking basic motifs from the former, either under the control of the CoYMV promoter or the constitutive 35S promoter were used for genetic transformation of Mexican lime. Expression of these constructs in the phloem incited aberrations resembling CTV-specific symptoms, but not the unspecific symptoms observed when p23 was constitutively expressed. Moreover, appearance and intensity of the most notorious CTV-like phenotypic aberrations induced by the phloem-specific expression of the p23 gene were positively related with the aggressiveness of the source CTV strain used. Additionally, expression in phloem-tissues of the p23 fragment comprising the zinc-finger domain and flanking basic motifs was sufficient to induce CTV-like symptoms, corroborating that the N-terminal region (delimited by amino acids 1 and 157) determines, at least in part, CTV pathogenesis in Mexican lime.
Soler Calvo, N. (2013). Transgenic resistance against Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and analysis of the viral p23 protein as pathogenicity determinant in citrus [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31631
TESIS
Ruiz, Ruiz Susana. "El virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV): desarrollo y aplicación de herramientas para establecer un sistema genético eficaz". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9509.
Texto completoThe common CTV isolates in Spain are not very aggressive and they only produce decline of varieties grafted on sour orange, while in other countries more virulent isolates that produce the seedling yellows (SY) and stem pitting syndromes (SP) in grapefruit or sweet orange prevail with independence of the rootstock used. The general objective of this thesis was the development of tools to control the most virulent isolates of CTV. To accomplish this, the development of an effective genetic system that allow the characterization of the genetic determinants of the symptoms of SY and SP has begun. To set up an effective genetic system that permit the identification of the pathogenicity determinants of the symptoms of SY and SP the aggressive Spanish isolate T318A (inductor of SY and SP) was used, that was characterized biological and molecularly. A peculiarity of this isolate is the presence in its population of defective RNAs of high size that possess capacity of autonomous replication. To evaluate the replicative ability of the cDNA clones it was developed a real-time RT-PCR assay using SYBR Green for specific and reliable quantitative detection of CTV in different citrus species and tissues infected with pathogenically distinct CTV isolates sampled from plants growing in the greenhouse or in the field. Also, to identify isolates potentially dangerous in the field (able to induce SP in grapefruit or sweet orange trees) a new protocol of real time RT-PCR was developed with three Taqman LNA probes that allow the detection and quantification of characteristic sequence variants of each of the three main CTV groups observed, that include mild, severe SP, and T36-like isolates, respectively (SY but non SP). Finally, in the development of a genetic system based on T318A, the agroinfiltration of these clones provided an efficient replication in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana although the accumulation of genomic RNA of T318A suggests that this isolate does not move to neighbouring cells neither it produces a systemic infection.
Jin, Xiaoxia. "Investigation of Intrinsic Cell Magnetophoresis for Label-Less Cell Separation and Analysis and the Optimization of the CTV Instrumentation for Such Studies". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1268002273.
Texto completoGuzman, Barney Maria Monica. "Caractérisation biologique, sérologique et moléculaire des isolats du virus de la tristeza des agrumes en Corse". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28614.
Texto completoMuniz, Fabiana Rezende. "Caracterização molecular e avaliação da resistência ao vírus da tristeza dos citros (CTV) em plantas transgênicas de laranja \'Valência\' (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-10022009-094528/.
Texto completoIn Brazil, citrus is one of the most important cultures. The productivity of this culture in the country is still considered low and this fact is due to several pests and diseases that affect the crop. Among the diseases there is the tristeza, caused by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). This pathogen can also be related with another important disease, the citrus sudden death. Therefore, CTV acquired much more significance. This work aimed to characterize with molecular analysis and to evaluate the resistance to CTV of transgenic Valência plants (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), containing genomic fragments of CTV, in three different transgenic constructs. The plants were confirmed as transgenic by Southern blot. The transcription of the transgene was evaluated by RT-PCR. The transgenic plants were challenged with a weak strain of CTV, CTV-IAC, by bud inoculation with two infected bubbles, and by the infected vector Toxoptera citricida. After four weeks of inoculation, the evaluation of viral replication in the transgenic seious was done by ELISA indirect sandwich with monoclonal antibody against the CTV coat protein. The results indicated variation of the resistance to the translocation of the virus between the different transgenic constructs used and between clones of the same plant. All the inoculated plants indicated the presence of the virus in, at least, one of the three evaluated clones, when inoculated by grafting. When inoculated by the vector some plants had all their clones with low values of virus, indicating a possible resistance to the pathogen.
Keys, Wendy y n/a. "Grown-Ups In a Grown-Up Business: Children's Television Industry Development Australia". Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060928.135325.
Texto completoKeys, Wendy. "Grown-Ups In a Grown-Up Business: Children's Television Industry Development Australia". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366792.
Texto completoThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts, Media and Culture
Full Text
Bernet, Zamanillo Guillermo Pablo. "Análisis genético de la interacción entre el virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV)y las citradias. Obtención y selección de genes candidatos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9500.
Texto completoCitrus is an extensively apomictic genus and transposable elements might be importantly involved in its genetic instability and genome evolution. The presence of gypsy-like retrotransposons, their heterogeneity and genomic distribution in Citrus and Poncirus have been investigated. Eight clones containing part of the POL coding region of gypsy- like retrotransposons have been isolated from a commercial variety of C. clementina, one of the few sexual species in Citrus. Four of the eight clones might correspond to active elements given that they present all the conserved motifs described in the literature as essential for activity, no in-frame stop codon and no frame-shift mutation. Nested copies of gypsy-like elements are scattered along the Citrus and Poncirus genomes. IRAPs based on gypsy and copia types of retrotransposons seem to distribute differently providing a new, complementary set of molecular markers now available in Citrus to study and follow genetic variability, specially for disease resistance. Several studies have reported markers linked to a putative resistance gene from Poncirus trifoliata (Ctv-R) located at linkage group 4 that confers resistance against one of the most important citrus pathogens, citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Two progenies derived from P. trifoliata, by self-pollination and by crossing with sour orange, the well-adapted citrus rootstock to arid and semi-arid areas, were used for linkage group 4 marker enrichment. Two new methodologies were used to enrich this region with expressed sequences. The enrichment of group 4 resulted in the fusion of several C. aurantium linkage groups. Surprisingly, sour orange resulted as resistant to the CTV isolate tested as P. trifoliata was. The genetic analysis of virus-plant interaction in the family derived from C. aurantium after a CTV chronic infection showed the segregation of five types of interaction which is not compatible with the hypothesis of a single gene controlling resistance. Transferring Ctv-R from P. trifoliata to sour orange might not avoid the CTV decline of sweet orange trees. Resistance against CTV was analysed as a quantitative trait (CTV accumulation) by QTL analysis to avoid the assumption of monogenic control. Three major resistance QTLs were detected. Up to 5 minor QTLs were also detected.
Muniz, Fabiana Rezende. "Avaliação de plantas transgênicas de laranja doce (Citrus sinensis) e transformação genética de laranja azeda (Citrus aurantium) para resistência ao Citrus tristeza virus (CTV)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-05072012-111358/.
Texto completoCitrus tristeza virus (CTV) occurs in almost all citrus-growing areas of the world. Control of citrus tristeza relies mainly on the use of tolerant rootstocks and scion cross protection. Obtaining transgenic sweet oranges cultivars or sour orange resistant to CTV would allow a better use of this excellent rootstock. This way, the aim of this work was to evaluate transgenic sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) lines and to obtain transgenic sour orange (Citrus aurantium) for the resistance to CTV, in order to offer another alternative for the control of the disease in citrus. Transgenic sweet orange cv. Valencia and cv. Hamlin containing three different genetic constructs were evaluated. One gene construct contains a sense sequence (684 pb) of the coat protein gene of CTV (pCTV-CP), another contains a conserved sequence (559 pb) of CTV (pCTV-SC), and the last one a hairpin type, containing the sense and antisense sequences of the coat protein gene separated by an intron (pCTV-dsCP). Ten transgenic lines of each gene construct and each cultivar were previously confirmed by Southern blot and RT-PCR analysis, totalizing 60 transgenic lines. These lines were cloned and grafted into C. limonia and into C. aurantium, totaling 360 plants. The plants, along with non-transgenic plants used as control, were challenged four times with the CTV by means of viruliferous Toxoptera citricida. Indirect ELISA using monoclonal antibody against the CTV coat protein or the Real-time PCR using primers to amplify the CTV genes p20 and p23 were used to detect the virus in the tested plants, 4 weeks after inoculation. Variation in the virus resistance was observed among different transgenic constructs and different clones of the same plant. Some clones were not infected with the virus even after the fourth inoculation, indicating a possible resistance to the pathogen. A total of 30 genetic transformation experiments of sour orange were performed, using as explants internodal segments, epicotyl segments and cotyledon fragment with hypocotyl attached. GUS reaction detected two shoots positive (transformation efficiency of 0,13%). These shoots were in vitro grafted in Carrizo citrange, but only one shoot developed. The plant obtained was acclimatized in greenhouse.
Rouamba, Ky-Zerbo Odette. "Enjeux et limites du conseil et du test du VIH (CTV) dans un pays de basse prévalence en Afrique Subsaharienne : cas du Burkina Faso". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT035/document.
Texto completoBackground. Treatments are effective for people living with HIVAIDS (PLWHA) care and prevention. However, only 55% of PLWHA are aware of their status. This rate is lower in Central and West Africa (35%). In July 2015, WHO published new guidelines on HIV testing. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there are many studies which results are used to define policies and guidelines on HIV testing at the international level. Few of them are implemented in low HIV prevalence countries, notably French-Speaking West Africa. The overall objective of this thesis is to analyze the challenges and limitations of HIV testing and counselling (HTC) policies and programs in low prevalence countries, over the situation in Burkina Faso and propose new measures to increase the access to HTC services.Methods. Two studies have been conducted. The first one was carried out in the « Multi-country African Testing and Counselling for HIV » (MATCH) project which was implemented in four countries (Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda). It aimed to analyze the motivations and barriers to HTC services practices by users, non-users and providers. In Burkina Faso, the study was carried out in Urban (Ouagadougou) and rural (Dédougou) areas in 2008-2009. In each locality, study sites (client initiated testing and provider initiated testing sites) were chosen, given the level of utilization. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The second study was conducted in 2015, with HTC providers and decision makers at national level. The objective was to analyze their perceptions on WHO 2015 guidelines. A data collection tool explaining the changes introduced in the guidelines has been designed and transmitted via electronic means. Their opinions were analyzed.Results. Guidelines for HTC in Burkina Faso were from 2008. In client initiated testing sites, there were more women (58.5%). However, men (p=0.02), 18-34 years old (p=0.01), and the more educated ones (p=0.001) appeared to have used early services. In multivariate analysis, those categories used often campaigns. Women (p=0.008), 35 years of age and over (p<0.001) and less educated people (p<0.001) sought more often the test in fixed sites. The use of HTC services during campaigns is associated with the desire to know one's HIV status (p<0.01), while outside of campaigns, the health status of the user, the illness or the partner's death was the main concern (p=0.001). Campaigns are associated with the hope of knowing one’s HIV status (p<0.001). There were 61% of users who were repeat testers (2 or more tests). In a multivariate analysis, repeat testing for HIV negative people was associated with higher education, young age and for PLWHA living in urban areas. HTC Providers declared that they faced logistic and material challenges. It resulted in a low quality of services, in particular post-test counselling sessions that were partially done and a low effective reference of PLWHA towards care services. HIV stigma was found to be very high (46% of PLWHA faced internal stigma, 40% of interpersonal stigma, and 11% in health services). Decision-makers and providers have found most of the 2015 guidelines relevant, but were pessimist about their feasibility.Conclusion. This work has identified limitations of HTC at the individual, community, health services and institutional levels in Burkina Faso, and provides significant elements for African low prevalence countries. Given the scarcity of resources, there is a need for innovative strategies for equitable access to HTC, in order to attract more men, and test earlier women, less educated and 34 years or older. Strengthening the capacity of service providers to include a comprehensive range of quality services is necessary. All the aforementioned should be supplemented by the fight against stigma. Paying attention to national HTC experts’ opinion will help for national guidelines review and adapt them to WHO guidelines
Beyhs, Monica Elisa [Verfasser] y Marcus [Akademischer Betreuer] Niewald. "Employment statistics and positioning accuracy of three different image-guidance systems; CTV-PTV margin calculation for two different populations / Monica Elisa Beyhs ; Betreuer: Marcus Niewald". Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116249610X/34.
Texto completoGrisoni, Michel. "Le virus de la tristeza des agrumes (ctv). Variabilite de l'agent pathogene et epidemiologie de la maladie dans les conditions de l'ile de la reunion". Montpellier, ENSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENSA0002.
Texto completoZhang, Huading. "Immunomagnetic cell separation continued development of fundamental model of magnetophoretic mobility and further applications /". Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1099068680.
Texto completoDocument formatted into pages; contains xix, 219 p. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2005 Oct. 29.
Haskell, David Millard. "Evangelicals in Canadian national television news, 1994-2004 : a frame analysis of reports from global, CBC and CTV television networks and a survey of national television journalists / David M. Haskell". Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1716.
Texto completoBesoain, Canales Jimena Alejandra. "Incidencia, caracterización y epidemiología del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos en Chile". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/2009.
Texto completoBesoain Canales, JA. (2008). Incidencia, caracterización y epidemiología del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos en Chile [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/2009
Palancia
Tsogkas, Ioannis [Verfasser]. "Wert des CBV-ASPECTS im Vergleich zum CTA-ASPECTS bei Patienten mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall / Ioannis Tsogkas". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223171604/34.
Texto completoHagood, Kendra, Keagan Davis Hackworth, Chukwunyere Ifeanyichukwu Umeh, Garret Mudd, Kristen Michaud, Morgan Cunningham, Ruben Torrenegra y Victoria Palau. "The Cytotoxic Effects of Novel Flavonoids CT1 and CT3 on Breast Cancer Cells are Independent of the Presence of ER, PR, and HER2 Receptors". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/34.
Texto completoCole, Ian R. "Modelling CPV". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/18050.
Texto completoMäkivierikko, Aram. "CTG Carbon Calculator". Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101181.
Texto completoA carbon dioxide emission calculator for buildings created by the U.S.-based company CTG Energetics, Inc. and based on a Excel file has been converted to a ASP.NET / SQL Server web application. Carbon dioxide emissions are calculated using data given by the user (i.e. floor area, workdays per year) in combination with statistical data used in user-selectable presets (i.e. building type, climate zone, type of water-using fixtures). In most cases a custom value can be inserted instead of using a preset. Emissions attributable both directly and indirectly to the building such as building energy use, domestic water use, landscape/irrigation, transportation, materials used for the building/parking lot and the disposal of solid waste are calculated. The emissions can be compared with a national average and/or emissions from alternate scenarios created for the same building. The web application contains some upgrades and extra functionality that would not have been possible in Excel such as user handling.
BERMEO, LOURDES DEL ROCIO DE LA CRUZ. "CATV NEW TECNOLOGIES". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1997. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8871@1.
Texto completoA presente dissertação pretende descrever e analisar as potencialidades futuras oferecidas por sistemas CATV operando serviços de comunicação iterativos e de faixa larga. Neste contexto, visando determinar as configurações mais adequadas para a parte óptica da rede, são analisadas diversas alternativas de implementação envolvendo os dispositivos constituintes básicos: laser, modulador externo, EDFA, e fibra, sendo neste último caso, tanto a utilização de fibra padrão quanto a de dispersão deslocada. Dentro do espírito de serviços de faixa larga, implementa- se em laboratório um sistema WDM com duas portadoras ópticas. A primeira, em 1310 nm, é modulada em intensidade com 2.48 Gbits/s. a segunda, em 1550nm, é modulada em AM- VSB. As interferências mútuas são então medidas e confrontadas com resultados previstos teoricamente, validando este último modelo. A formulação teórica permite então prever a deterioração mutua em um WDM com duas portadoras digitais em 2.48Gbit/s. Os resultados obtidos sugerem a viabilidade deste último arranjo para portar vídeo digitalizado. Dando seqüência, são apresentadas novas soluções para compressão de vídeo, técnicas de modulação e tecnologias de transporte. Finalmente, os resultados obtidos anteriormente, tanto os práticos quanto os teóricos e os simulados, são usados para propor novas arquiteturas de redes de CATV explicitando as sugestões para o caso de redes HFC (preferencialmente destinado a operadoras de TV a cabo) e também para configurações FTTC, estas últimas, preferencialmente destinadas às operadoras telefônicas.
This work is aiming at discussing the future possibilities the CATV systems are likely to offer, concerning iterative communications and broadband services. In what concerns the system optical section, a search is carried out in order to reach suitable arrangements and configurations concerning the basic used components, namely: laser, external modulator, EDFA and the optical fiber. Both standard and dispersion shifted fiber utilization are considered. Considering broadband utilization, a practical experiment is carried out. A two carrier WDM system is tested in the laboratory. The first carrier - 1310 nm - is digitally modulated at 2.48 Gbit/s, while the second one - 1550 nm - carries an AM-VSB modulation. Crosstalk is measured and the obtained results are compared with those from a proposed theoretical model. A satisfactory agreement validates the model. Next, the same model is then used for predicting crosstalk level in another two carrier WDM, however now, with both carriers being digitally modulated at 2.48 Gbit/s. the obtained results suggest that this last arrangement is worthwhile to be used for efficiently carrying digital video. A discussion on new solutions for video compression, modulation formats and transport techniques is follwed. The work is closed with a number of new CATV network solutions being suggested. Previously obtained results and performed suggestions are used for achieving two basiv lines of applications. The first one is based on HFC arrangements, mainly conceived for cable TV operators. The second on is based on FTTH arrangements, being this last suggestion better suited for traditional telephone companies.
Christiansen, Birgit. "Die Ritualtradition der Ambazzi eine philologische Bearbeitung und entstehungsgeschichtliche Analyse der Ritualtexte CTH 391, CTH 429 und CTH 463". Wiesbaden Harrassowitz, 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2783898&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Texto completoChristiansen, Birgit. "Die Ritualtradition der Ambazzi : eine philologische Bearbeitung und entstehungsgeschichtliche Analyse der Ritualtexte CTH 391, CTH 429 und CTH 463 /". Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2783898&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Texto completoEngland, Angela. "CCTV, privacy and shopping". Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2005. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/587/.
Texto completoOliveira, Paulo de Tarso Guerra. "Revisão de modelos CTL". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-25032014-092409/.
Texto completoModel checking is one of the most robust techniques in automated system verification. But, although this technique can handle complex verifications, model checking tools usually do not give any information on how to repair inconsistent system models. In this dissertation, we show that approaches developed for CTL model update cannot deal with all kinds of model changes. We introduce the concept of CTL model revision: an approach based on belief revision to handle system inconsistency in a static context. We relate our proposal to classical works on belief revision. We define an operator for model revision and we show that it obeys the classical rationality postulates of belief revision. We propose an algorithm for model revision based on the algorithm used by the model update approach. We discuss problems and limitations of our proposed algorithm and show that this strategy of adaptation is not an appropriate solution.
Hill, Alberto Daniel. "MPEG-4 sobre CATV". Diss., Universidad Católica del Uruguay, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71550.
Texto completoFleckenstein, Corinna Sandra Helga. "Entwicklung eines CMV-Microarray und Untersuchung des Einflusses von CMV auf verschiedene Zelltypen /". Frankfurt a.M, 2007. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000252774.
Texto completoDubarry, Jean-François. "Les greffes pulmonaires à haut risque d'infection par le cytomegalovirus (CMV) : donneurs CMV positifs, receveurs CMV négatifs. Etude d'un groupe de 17 transplantés". Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M122.
Texto completoVila, Nova Ana Beatriz de Matos Machado. "Avaliação da resposta imunitária humoral induzida pela vacinação para esgana e parvovirose caninas". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13950.
Texto completoO vírus da esgana (CDV) e o parvovírus (CPV) são dois vírus responsáveis por elevadas taxas de mortalidade nas populações caninas, que infetam cães não vacinados ou com protocolos vacinais incompletos. As vacinas têm desempenhado um papel fundamental na prevenção destas doenças no entanto, a vacinação não é um procedimento inócuo e deve ser realizado apenas com a frequência necessária para manter os cães imunizados. Por outro lado, são vários os fatores que podem originar falhas na imunização, sendo a neutralização do antigénio vacinal por anticorpos maternos a causa mais comum. Neste estudo foi avaliada a proteção humoral para o CDV e CPV a 13 cachorros durante a primovacinação (Grupo A e Grupo B) e, a 7 cães adultos, não vacinados há pelo menos 3 anos (Grupo C). O grupo A incluiu 5 cachorros com início do protocolo vacinal às 6 semanas e o grupo B contemplou 8 animais que iniciaram a primovacinação entre as 8 e as 12 semanas. De cada animal foram recolhidas três amostras de sangue, coincidentes com as consultas de vacinação, com 3 a 4 semanas de intervalo. A resposta humoral foi avaliada recorrendo a testes rápidos, baseados na técnica de ELISA indireta para deteção de anticorpos, que permitem avaliar de forma rápida, simples e económica a proteção ou suscetibilidade de cada animal. Verificámos que a resposta à vacinação para CDV foi mais precoce em comparação com a resposta para CPV. Relativamente ao CPV, 80% dos animais do grupo A, ainda se encontravam desprotegidos após a administração de duas doses da vacina. Já os animais do grupo B revelaram proteção humoral para CPV após duas administrações vacinais, sendo que quatro animais (50%) ficaram logo protegidos após a primeira dose. Nos cães adultos foi realizada apenas uma colheita de sangue que funcionou como um rastreio serológico para aferir a necessidade de revacinação. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que, durante a primovacinação, a resposta à vacinação é individual e depende sobretudo do título inicial de anticorpos maternos adquirido pelo neonato. A variabilidade encontrada reforça a necessidade da determinação dos níveis de imunidade humoral individuais. Deste modo, os kits de ELISA são uma ferramenta muito vantajosa, pois permitem avaliar a proteção a um custo relativamente reduzido. Estes testes deverão ser utilizados para validar a eficácia vacinal induzida pela primovacinação, auxiliando o médico veterinário a estabelecer protocolos vacinais individuais.
ABSTRACT - EVALUATION OF THE HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE INDUCED BY VACCINATION FOR CANINE DISTEMPER AND PARVOVIRUS - Canine distemper virus (CDV) and parvovirus (CPV) are two viruses responsible for high mortality rates in the canine population that infect unvaccinated dogs and dogs with incomplete vaccination protocols. Vaccines continue to play a key role on the prevention of these diseases however vaccination is not an innocuous procedure and must be done only with the required frequency to keep dogs immunized. On the other hand, there are several factors that can lead to immunization failures, being the neutralization of the vaccine antigen by the maternal antibodies the main cause. In this study, the humoral protection for CDV and CPV was evaluated in 13 dogs during primary vaccination (Group A and Group B) and in 7 adult dogs that had not been vaccinated for at least 3 years (Group C). Group A included 5 dogs which started the vaccine protocol at 6 weeks and group B included 8 animals that started primary vaccination at 8 to 12 weeks. Three blood samples were collected from each animal, coincident with the vaccination visits, at 3 to 4 weeks apart. The humoral response was evaluated using rapid tests based on the indirect ELISA technique for antibody detection, which allow a rapid, simple and economical evaluation of the protection or susceptibility of each animal. We found that the response to CDV vaccination was precocious compared to the response to CPV. With regard to CPV, 80% of group A dogs were still unprotected after administration of two doses of the vaccine. In contrast, the dogs of group B showed humoral protection for CPV after two vaccination administrations, with four dogs (50%) being protected immediately after the first dose. In adult dogs, only one blood sample was taken for serological screening to estimate the need for revaccination. The results suggest that during primary vaccination the response to vaccination is individual and mostly depends on the initial titer of maternal antibodies acquired by the neonate. The variability found supports the need to measure individual humoral immunity levels. Thus the ELISA kits are a very helpful tool, because they allow the evaluation of the protection at a relatively reduced cost. These tests should be used to validate the vaccine efficacy induced by primary vaccination, helping the veterinarian to establish individual vaccination protocols.
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Heibein, Jeffrey Alexander. "Caspase-independent CTL-mediated killing". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60296.pdf.
Texto completoReinholdsson, Madeleine. "CSV i den textila värdekedjan". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10248.
Texto completoLacinová, Michaela. "Detekce CNV v bakteriálních genomech". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400996.
Texto completoPleskačová, Barbora. "Detekce CNV v sekvenačních datech". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413021.
Texto completoAizpuru, Aitor. "Biofiltration d'un mélange de COV". Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3004.
Texto completoFonseca, Joana da Silva. "Selantes butílicos isentos de COV". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21088.
Texto completoOs selantes butílicos, ou simplesmente mastiques, são produtos à base de borracha butílica que possibilitam a selagem, impedindo a passagem de fluidos através de superfícies e aberturas em diversos materiais. A facilidade de aplicação e a possibilidade de remoção após o seu uso, são duas vantagens que os distinguem de outros selantes, além de um rácio custo/benefício também bastante vantajoso. Estão disponíveis para venda, diluídos em solvente com aplicação a frio e isentos de solvente com aplicação a quente. Este projeto teve como objetivo desenvolver dois selantes de borracha butílica isentos de solvente (COV) para aplicação a frio: Selbutil-1 e Selbutil-2, tendo por base os produtos atualmente preparados pela empresa que contêm solvente (Sikabutyl-1 e Sikabutyl-2). Foi necessário reformular estes produtos no sentido de manter as suas características de desempenho ou, se possível, melhorá-las, diminuindo o impacto ambiental e torná-los menos perigosos para quem os manuseia. Desta forma recorreu-se a matérias-primas alternativas, seguindo-se o desenvolvimento de formulações e produção laboratorial. Efetuou-se um planeamento fatorial de experiências usando a metodologia de desenho de misturas para otimizar a percentagem de cargas, sílicas, plasticizantes e auxiliar de processo na formulação, sendo as variáveis resposta o escorrimento e o tempo de extrusão do selante. Os novos selantes Selbutil-1 e Selbutil-2 obtidos evidenciaram propriedades equivalentes aos de referência, nomeadamente, viscosidade, densidade, consistência e não possuem escorrimento. A única diferença foi a ausência de formação de pele, que se mostra estar associada à inclusão de solvente na preparação. As análises FTIR e os ângulos de contacto medidos sugerem que a composição à superfície do selante se modifica com a secagem do solvente possivelmente devido à migração preferencial de alguns constituintes da mistura como os plasticizantes.
The butyl sealants, or simply mastics, are butyl rubber based products that allow the sealing, preventing the passage of fluids through surfaces and openings in various materials. The ease of application and the possibility of removal after use, are two advantages that distinguish them from other sealants, as well as a quite advantageous cost / benefit ratio. They are available for sale, diluted in solvent for cold application and solvents free for heat application. This project aimed to develop two butyl rubber sealants free of solvent (VOC) for cold use: Selbutil-1 and Selbutil-2, which were based on two products currently produced by the company containing solvent (Sikabutyl-1 and Sikabutyl-2). It was necessary to reformulate these products to maintain its performance characteristics or if possible improve them, reducing the environmental impact and make them less dangerous for those who handle them. This way we used alternative raw materials, following the development of formulations and laboratory production. A factorial planning of experiences was developed using Mixture Design methodology to optimize the percentage of fillers, silicas, plasticizer and processing aid in the formulation, being response variables the outflow and the extruding time of the sealant. The new sealants obtained, Selbutil-1 and Selbutil-2, revealed equivalent properties to the references, in particular, viscosity, density, consistency and do not have outflow. The only difference was absence of skin formation, being a result of inclusion the solvent in the preparation. FTIR analyses and the measured angles of contact suggest that the composition at the surface of the sealant changes with the drying of the solvent, possibly due to preferential migration of some components of the mixture, as plasticizers.
Justo, Lourenço Salomão Gonçalves. "Controle total de frotas - CTF". Florianópolis, SC, 2002. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/84403.
Texto completoMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-20T09:01:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Nos últimos anos, a economia mundial e a economia brasileira têm sofrido mudanças importantes. Fusões, aquisições e alianças estratégicas têm se multiplicado. Parte considerável destas mudanças relaciona-se com profundas alterações nos sistemas de valores de todos os segmentos industriais. A busca da competitividade relaciona-se cada vez mais com a busca do ótimo sistêmico além das fronteiras da empresa. Neste contexto, a administração logística ganha nova dimensão, envolvendo a integração de todas as atividades ao longo da cadeia de valores e do sistema de valores, das matérias-primas ao cliente final. A competitividade não é sustentada apenas na capacidade das organizações em criar novos produtos e serviços, e sim na oferta de valor aos seus clientes com o menor custo possível, especialmente nas indústrias em que a diferenciação de produtos pode não ser viável como a indústria do petróleo. No Brasil, como parte das mudanças no setor petróleo do país, o governo tomou várias medidas que visando eliminar os subsídios na distribuição e implantar a liberação de preços. Neste contexto - elevada concorrência, com o consumidor tendendo a optar pelo preço mais baixo - as grandes empresas do setor estão oferecendo uma variedade de serviços com o objetivo de manter os seus clientes. No sistema Petrobras a atividade de distribuição de derivados de petróleo é executada pela Petrobras Distribuidora. Entre os serviços oferecidos pela Petrobras Distribuidora, destaca-se o CTF - Controle Total de Frotas, voltado para o segmento de grandes empresas de transporte rodoviário. A proposta desse trabalho foi verificar a contribuição do CTF na agregação de valor para os clientes da Petrobrás Distribuidora. Inicialmente foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de modo a se conhecer o papel da logística na competitividade empresarial. Em seguida, através de um estudo de caso, buscou-se identificar no CTF os elementos logísticos que agregam valor aos clientes. Como conclusão do trabalho verificou-se o serviço logístico representado pelo CTF proporcionou uma agregação de valor ao criar condições para a melhoria da capacidade competitiva aos clientes do segmento de transporte rodoviário da Petrobras Distribuidora. In the last years the world and the Brazilian economy have been changing deeply. Fusions, acquisitions and strategic alliances are multiplying everywhere. Most of these changes are related with deep modifications in the value systems, affecting all industries. The search for competitiveness is more and more concerned with the search for the optimal systemic beyond organizational frontiers. Within this context, logistics management gains a new dimension, encompassing the integration of all activities related to the value system, from raw materials to the final customer. The competitiveness only is not supported in the capacity of the organizations in creating new products and services, and yes in it offers of value to its customers with the lesser possible cost, especially in the industries where the differentiation of products can not be viable as the oil industry. In Brazil, as part of the changes in the oil industry, the government took some measures that aiming at to eliminate the subsidies in the distribution and to implant the release of prices. In this context - raised competition, with the consumer tending to opt to the price lowest - the great companies of the sector are offering a variety of services with the objective to keep its customers. In the Petrobras system Petrobras Distribuidora executes the activity of distribution of oil derivatives. It enters the services offered for the Petrobras Distribuidora, is distinguished the CTF - Total Control of Fleets, come back toward the segment of great companies of road transport. The proposal of this work was to verify the contribution of the CTF in the aggregation of value for the customers of Petrobras Distribuidora. Initially a bibliographical revision was carried through in order to know the role of the logistic one in the enterprise competitiveness. After that, through a case study, one searched to identify in the CTF the logistic elements that add value to the customers. As conclusion of the work the logistic service represented by the CTF was verified provided to an aggregation of value when creating conditions for the improvement of the competitive capacity to the customers of the segment of road transport of the Petrobras Distribuidora.
Ganebo, Bereket. "Stripe Based CTF Gradient correction". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknik och hälsa (STH), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105882.
Texto completoWade, Parker, Miranda Green, April Weaver, Omri Coke, Ruben Torrenegra y Victoria Palau. "Additional Hydroxyl group on CT6 (3,4-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone), a flavone extracted from Chromolaena Tacotana potentially confers additional activity against pancreatic cancer as compared to CT7 (4-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone)". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/228.
Texto completoLaw, Ka-man. "Vaccine development against the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) using SARS-CoV spike protein". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36774480.
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