Tesis sobre el tema "Cross field"
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Razavi, Seyed Mostafa. "CROSS-PLATFORM FORCE FIELD DEVELOPMENT BASED ON FORCE-SMOOTHED POTENTIAL MODELS". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1590770530909963.
Texto completoSöderlind, Eva y Sara Kidby. "Cross cultural cooperation : a field study about India and Sweden". Thesis, Södertörn University College, Södertörn University College, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-300.
Texto completoA successful cooperation between different cultures in a global organisation depends on a good understanding about the norms and the values in the other culture. To have a good understanding about other cultures makes it easier to build good international relationships between countries without misunderstandings and misperceptions.
In this master thesis we investigate the cultural differences between Swedes and Indians that can be found in Swedish subsidiaries in India and if these cultural differences affect the cooperation between Indians and Swedes. The five cultural aspects that are in focus in this study are the following;
1. Identity – concerns if members of a business culture see themselves as individuals or as a collective (see figure 3, p.30).
2. Time – concerns how business cultures value time (see figure 4, p.32).
3. Ambiguity – concerns how business cultures react to the uncertainties and ambiguities in the daily work (see figure 5, p.34).
4. Integrative strategy – concerns if business cultures are conflict orientated or not, emphasise competitive behaviour or not, and how they value their free time (see figure 6, p.37).
5. Power and hierarchy – concerns how business cultures divide power and what they recognise as status (see figure 7, p.40).
The empirical result was gathered during a two month field study in India where we interviewed both Swedish and Indian managers and engineers about their experience in cross cultural cooperation.
The investigation revealed that there are differences in the cultures and that they affect the cooperation between Indians and Swedes in the subsidiaries. The biggest difference in identity was the informal classification in Indian business societies. The Swedish managers sometimes had problems with recognising the differences in ranks and the informal hierarchy among the Indians which could lead to Indian employees feeling bypassed and overlooked. (See 7.1.3 Conclusion of Identity, p.60)
When it comes to differences concerning time the Indians were more optimistic about time and did not have the same respect as the Swedes regarding being on time and keeping deadlines. This could lead to problem in the cooperation because Swedes believed that time and money was wasted when deadlines were not kept. (See 7.2.3 Conclusion of Time, p.64)
In the aspect of ambiguity Swedes valued safety more than taking risks when doing business. The Indians on the other hand valued risk taking more than safety. This led to problems in the cooperation because the Indians saw the Swedish way of always analysing risks before doing business as costly. Too much concern about safety led to non-competitive prices and loss of markets. (See 7.3.3 Conclusion of Ambiguity, p.68)
In the analysis of integrative strategy we found that the Indian business society was regarding the manager as someone above the regular employee. This view led to problems in the communication between the Swedish managers and the Indian employees because the employees did not dare to criticise the manager’s decisions. The Swedish manager expected the employees to correct him when he was wrong and got disappointed when they did not. (See 7.4.4 Conclusion of Integrative strategy, p. 72)
In the cultural aspect power and hierarchy we concluded that the manager in India was seen as someone with a lot of authority and as a father figure for the employees. This was not the case in Sweden where the manager was more seen as a companion. The different management styles led to confusion among the employees when the Swedish manager demanded them to be more independent and the Indian manager expected them to be more dependent on his authority. (See 7.5.4 Conclusion of Power and Hierarchy, p. 75)
The result of this study gives a knowledge and understanding about cultural differences between Indians and Swedes and can be used as guidelines when cooperating across the Indian and Swedish culture.
Garrett, Michael Lane. "Fluctuation induced cross-field transport in Hall thrusters and tokamaks". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85776.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 113-120).
One area of fundamental plasma physics which remains poorly understood is the transport of particles across magnetic field lines at rates significantly higher than predicted by theory exclusively based on collisions. This "anomalous" transport is observed in many different classes of plasma experiment. Notably, both magnetic confinement fusion devices and Hall thrusters exhibit anomalous cross-field particle diffusion. This higher than predicted "loss" of particles has significant practical implications for both classes of experiment. In the case of magnetic confinement fusion experiments, such as tokamaks, the Lawson criterion nT[tau]E >/= 10²¹ [keV. s. M- ³] dictates that the reactant particles in a fusion plasma must be confined for a sufficient time to fuse. Higher than predicted cross-field transport decreases the effectiveness of the magnetic confinement and makes fusion more difficult to achieve. For Hall thrusters, enhanced cross-field electron mobility reduces the efficiency of the thruster. As a result, more propellant and power is required to achieve the same thrust. The goal of this thesis is to review observed and predicted fluctuation induced particle transport in Hall thrusters and tokamaks. To date, significant work has been done within both the tokamak and propulsion communities to attempt to quantify the effect of turbulent fluctuations of plasma parameters on anomalous cross-field transport. However, our understanding of the fundamental physical processes that lead to anomalously high cross-field transport remains incomplete. These two regimes of plasma physics are very different in several important ways. The magnetic field strength and field orientation, the device size, the collisionality of different species, the ion mass, and the presence of neutrals are all areas with significant differences between tokamaks and Hall thrusters. However, there are similarities as well. For example, the edge density and temperature in a tokamak are similar to those found in Hall thrusters, both have magnetized electrons, drift waves occur in both regimes and many of the observed fluctuations are of similar scale. Generally, research on cross-field transport within the tokamak community is isolated from work done within the thruster community. However, analysis of physics within both regimes reveals a rich set of complex fluctuations across a broad frequency spectrum, which contribute to cross-field transport. By studying the relevant phenomena in tandem, we can reveal fundamental processes present in both regimes. Hopefully, this will lead to a global explanation for these elusive physical processes.
by Michael Lane Garrett.
S.M.
Hollmann, Eric Matthias. "Experimental studies of cross-magnetic-field transport in nonneutral plasmas /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935481.
Texto completoJohnson, Janelle Marie. "Mapping a New Field: Cross-border Professional Development for Teachers". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202740.
Texto completoYu, Guanghui. "Non-diffusive cross field transport in scrape-off-layer in Tokamak". Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3220396.
Texto completoTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed September 5, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-131).
Axelsson, Clara y Charlotte Gustafsson. "Constituting Sesame : a minor field study of a cross-cultural cooperation". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för arbetsvetenskap och medieteknik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5374.
Texto completoSesame är ett projekt mellan Blekinge Tekniska Högskola och Universitet i Pretoria som syftar till att skapa kurser där studenter från de båda universiteten ska samarbeta och därigenom utbyta kunskaper och erfarenheter. Målet med projektet är att initiera forskning, såväl som att testa och utvärdera metoder för kollaborativt lärande. Ett nyckelbegrepp inom Sesame är ? internationalisation at home?, vilket betyder möjlighet till interaktion och kunskapsutbyte mellan människor i olika länder och kulturer, utan att de fysiskt måste lämna sina länder. I den här rapporten beskriver vi planeringsfasen av Sesame där vi fokuserar på samarbetet mellan deltagarna i Sverige och Sydafrika.
Loeliger, Jennifer Blankenburg. "Japanese paddy field landscapes, a cross-cultural examination of scenic preferences". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61919.pdf.
Texto completoGoedecke, Walter 1954. "Field studies and scale modeling using cross-borehole electromagnetic diffraction probing". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278261.
Texto completoCoelho, Sergio Luis Villares. "The dynamics of the near field of entraining jets in cross-flows". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292919.
Texto completoScharfe, Michelle Kristin. "Electron cross field transport modeling in radial-axial hybrid hall thruster simulations /". May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
Texto completoNothofer, Angela. "Cross-polar coupling in GTEM cells used for radiated emission measurements". Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341840.
Texto completoRomeo, Peggy Arlyn. "Cross-cultural field experiences in Costa Rica a qualitative study of teacher change /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2122.
Texto completoTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 228 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-210).
Safie, Omar Taha. "Review of the cross-sectional field of outdoor camps, resiliency, and juvenile delinquncy". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2821.
Texto completoSiegenthaler, Scott J. "The academic achievement of cross-country and long-distance track runners a seasonal comparison /". Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001siegenthalers.pdf.
Texto completoPersson, Peter. "A pre-field, church-based training course on cross-cultural adjustment for prospective Austrian missionaries". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
Texto completoDunlavy, Jennifer K., William A. Sands, Jeni R. McNeal, Michael H. Stone, Sarah L. Smith, Monem Jemni y G. Gregory Haff. "Strength Performance Assessment in a Simulated Men’s Gymnastics Still Rings Cross". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4609.
Texto completoGunay, Emre. "Numerical Modeling Of Edremit Geothermal Field". Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614890/index.pdf.
Texto completoLillis, Anne M. "Capitalising on the potential of cross-sectional field studies for theory refinement in management accounting". Melbourne, Vic. : University of Melbourne, Dept. of Accounting and Business Information Systems, 2002. http://wff2.ecom.unimelb.edu.au/accwww/research/papers/0203%20ALillis&JMundy.pdf.
Texto completoGibson, Patrick. "Pulsed field of a magnetising coil wound with a solid conductor of rectangular cross-section". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9640.
Texto completoThis describes a mathematical approach to solving the pulsed magnetic field for an N-turned magnetising coil. This coil is assumed to be made from a copper conductor with rectangular cross-sectional area. The algorithm accounts for each turns physical dimensions and spatial coordinates with respect to other turns, by simulating each winding with a model helical turn. A boundary matching method is used to determine the current density distribution in the 2D plane of the call conductor and the changed impedance due to "skin-effect". By assuming this distribution and changed impedance applies for the N-turned coil volume, the effects of eddy current losses are approximated inside the call. Results of comparing field calculations with several analytical field solutions for static fields, and by measurements for pulsed fields, confirms the accuracy of the field algorithm in approximating a real coil field to within 10% error. This algorithm can be used to aid the design for generation of saturation fields for magnetisation of different ferromagnetic materials.
Pino, Ivano <1977>. "Monitoring Ice Velocity Field in Victoria Land (Antarctica) Using Cross-Correlation Techniques on Satellite Images". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1177/1/tesi_dottorato_ivano_pino.pdf.
Texto completoPino, Ivano <1977>. "Monitoring Ice Velocity Field in Victoria Land (Antarctica) Using Cross-Correlation Techniques on Satellite Images". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1177/.
Texto completoPargell, Karlsson Micaela y Elin Widén. "Cultural challenges in Thailand - An unchanged fact? : A minor field study abour cultural challenges among Swedish executives in Thailand". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76427.
Texto completoFitzgerald, Jeffrey H. "Physiological responses of elite cross-country skiers at selected exercise intensities under laboratory and field conditions". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7857.
Texto completode, la O. Schöneck Mauricio y Roshan Mathew. "Mapping cross-channel ecosystems : A case study based on a company in the field of UX". Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-37248.
Texto completoNeitz, Ole [Verfasser]. "Propagating Plane-Wave Expansions for Microwave Near-Field Imaging and Radar Cross Section Determination / Ole Neitz". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219470848/34.
Texto completoHaglind, Daniel. "Coping with success and failure – Among Swedish and Portuguese track and field athletes and coaches". Thesis, Halmstad University, Halmstad University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-122.
Texto completoThe aim of this study was to examine how athletes and coaches, in Sweden and Portugal, perceive and experience success and failure in relation to sport. Moreover, study if there were cultural differences in coping. The main objectives of the study consisted of examining differences based on culture and coaches vs. athletes in the following research questions; how athletes and coaches define, react and cope with success and failure, how they perceive consequences and how coaches help athletes to cope with success and failure. Fifteen (n=15) individual semi structured interviews was carried out with ten (n=10) Swedish and five (n=5) Portuguese sportsmen. An interview guide based on the objectives of the study was developed. 1226 raw data units were identified and categorised using categorization, tagging and regrouping of relevant concepts. The results are discussed according to several stress-coping theories. Moreover, the result showed some differences based on both culture and on coaches vs. athletes. Furthermore success was mainly defined as reaching goals and failure as performance related mistakes. Reactions on both success and failure were mainly emotional. Negative consequences of both success and failure were most common and problem- focused coping were adopted to cope with those situations. The coaches supported the athletes by adopting emotion- and problem-focused coping.
Lau, Siu-Ling Bonita. "Cross cultural differences in locus of control, field dependence-independence and uncertainty orientation among Canadians and Chinese". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28414.
Texto completoEducation, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
Jacobs, H. y V. N. Teise. "The roles of work-integrated learning in achieving critical cross-field outcomes in a hospitality management programme". Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 12, Issue 1: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/653.
Texto completoWork-Integrated Learning (WIL) is a form of Experiential Learning (EL) which implies learning by experience. This article represents the findings of a study regarding the roles of WIL and how such roles can be quantified when measured against the achievement of Critical Cross-Field Outcomes (CCFOs). The study was based on an empirical mixed-method triangulation, which allowed the researchers to use both qualitative and quantitative methods to address the research problem. The sample size is 35, constituting the third and fourth-year groups in the Hospitality Management programme at a higher education institution in South Africa. The results of the quantitative study indicate that the students have identified various roles for WIL whereas the quantitative investigation revealed that students are of the opinion that WIL contributes significantly towards the achievement of CCFOs. WIL therefore contributes to skills development in general and to the attainment of skills and attributes as represented by the CCFOs in particular. Recommendations regarding the implications of the study are made for curriculation purposes as well as for credit values to be attached to WIL.
Mejias, Roberto Jesus Pintor. "A cross-cultural comparison of group support systems (GSS) outcomes: A United States and Mexico field experiment". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187308.
Texto completoOh, Jeong-Ho. "Field monitoring and modeling of pavement response and service life consumption due to overweight truck traffic". Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1298.
Texto completoKyselovaа, K. S. "Diplomacy in the field of international business". Master's thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86557.
Texto completoУ роботі досліджені дипломатія та культурні аспекти в теорії міжнародних відносин. Проведений аналіз теоретичних положень ролі дипломатії у розвитку та зміцненні міжнародного співробітництва. Основною метою цього дослідження є пропозиція стратегічного шляху подальшого розвитку міжнародних відносин на фоні світової пандемії.
Gehring, Margaret M. "Career longevity of four women cross country and track and field coaches at the NCAA Division III level". The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1022856180.
Texto completoGehring, Margaret Mary. "Career longevity of four women cross country and track and field coaches at the NCAA Division III level /". The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486546889381717.
Texto completoGehring, Margaret M. "Career longevity of four women cross country and track and field coaches at the NCA Division III level". Connect to this title online, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5F1022856180num=osu.
Texto completoTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 233 p. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Mary O'Sullivan, Dept. of Education. Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-218).
Arenander, Charlotte. "A DiscourseAnalysis of Leadership in Non-Profit Cross-Cultural Organizations in Chiang Mai, Thailand : A Minor Field Study". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-95164.
Texto completoJohnson, Darrel E. "Estimating the Dynamic Sensitive Cross Section of an FPGA Design through Fault injection". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd803.pdf.
Texto completoOverby, Kyle Eugene. "Field based study of thrust faults in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge Province Newport, Virginia". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64983.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Buck, Dietrich. "Mechanics of Cross-Laminated Timber". Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Träteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68729.
Texto completoExternal cooperation: Martinson Group AB and Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE)
Fernandes, Bertrand. "Nondestructive Evaluation of Deteriorated Prestressing Strands Using Magnetic Field Induction". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1271432554.
Texto completoJohansson, Linda y Rebecka Hagman. "Same, Same but Different : -a Minor Field Study of the Future Red Cross Women´s Project, Malindi Branch, Kenya". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-973.
Texto completoSame, Same, but Different
-a Minor Field Study of the Future Red Cross Women’s Project,
Malindi Branch, Kenya.
In May 2005, we received a scholarship from the Swedish International Development Agency, SIDA, to conduct a Minor Field Study about the future women’s project at the Malindi Red Cross branch, Kenya. The branch has since May 2002 been involved in a Twinning cooperation with the Swedish Red Cross Southeast Region.
The aim of this thesis is by using the Logical Framework Approach and the Intersectional perspective, to examine the situation for women in Malindi and the work of the Red Cross branch, in order to propose guidelines for the future Red Cross women’s project. The questions asked were: How can the guidelines for the women’s project be formulated in order for the vision of the Red Cross to be reached? What changes within the individual, societal and political sphere have to be accomplished in order to meet the needs and interests of different women in Malindi?
The work of the Red Cross is in a political science perspective interesting as it through its role of a humanitarian organisation and NGO, plays an important role in the Kenyan civil society, performing activities and providing services that originally should be supplied by the government.
We have found that it is not possible to talk about the woman in Malindi, due to the fact that women’s backgrounds, problems, needs and interests are different. Therefore it is of great importance that the Red Cross in order to accomplish its vision, i.e. to reach the most vulnerable, includes a gender and an intersectional approach into its activities and outreaches. There is a desire in Kenya to politicize the gender issue, however the future will show the will to actually implement these laws and reforms needed for the empowerment of the women. Moreover, different gender structures can only be achieved through the questioning of the traditional gender roles from both men and women and in this process we have recognised the Red Cross as an important moulder of public opinion. Finally we also want to suggest an inclusion of the gender- and the intersectional perspective into the method of LFA, since the traditional model is not sufficient in considering the different needs of different people.
Davis, Stephen M. "An assessment of pre-field missionary preparation of cross-cultural church planters sent by North American independent Baptist churches". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
Texto completoJohanek, Cynthia L. "Cross-cultural learning styles studies and composition : re- examining definitions, generalizations, and applications of past field dependence-independence research". Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/864905.
Texto completoDepartment of English
Nelson, Danny y Fredrik Nordin. "It’s Like Entering Another World : A field study examining cross-cultural differences among Swedish expatriates operating in Sri Lanka". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85023.
Texto completoTuhela-Reuning, Stephen R. "A planar near-field scanning system for the measurement of bistatic radar cross-section in a compact range environment". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1413282146.
Texto completoKasper, Helmut, Mark Lehrer, Jürgen Mühlbacher y Barbara Müller. "Thinning Knowledge: An Interpretive Field Study of Knowledge-Sharing Practices of Firms in Three Multinational Contexts". Sage, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056492610370366.
Texto completoVerdegan, Laura. "Assessment of risk factors for stress fractures and future osteoporosis in female collegiate cross country runners". Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007verdeganl.pdf.
Texto completoGeho, Benjamin Francis. "Cross-cultural experiences as an integral part of the field work requirements of the Baptist Theological College of Western Brazil". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
Texto completoBaschetti, Serafina. "A new modelling of the cross-field transport in diverted edge plasma : application to 2D transport simulations with SolEdge2D-EIRENE". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDM0009.
Texto completoSteady-state operations of the next-generation fusion device ITER will require the development of reliable numerical tools to estimate key engineering parameters suitable for technological constraints at reasonable computational cost.So-called transport codes fulfil this requirement since they rely on 2D fluid equations averaged over time fluctuations, similarly to Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes models commonly used for engineering applications in the neutral fluid community. Furthermore, transport codes can gather most of the physical ingredients ruling the edge plasma behaviour, as well as realistic magnetic topology and wall geometry. However, their predictability is limited by a crude description of turbulent fluxes perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. In the plasma community, a special concern is devoted to acquire a detailed understanding of these fluxes, since they strongly impact on the power extraction and the confinement of plasma over extended periods of time. In transport codes though, turbulent fluxes, which are assumed diffusive, are crudely determined by either homogeneous, or ad-hoc diffusive coefficients, or feedback-loop procedures applied a-posteriori on experimental data.Motivated by these issues, in this work we introduce step-by-step a new approach with the aim to self-consistently estimate the distribution of turbulent fluxes in transport codes, when steady-state plasmas are concerned. The underlying strategy is inspired by the work done from the 60’s in neutral turbulence and adapted here to plasma for fusion applications.The first key concept is the Boussinesq assumption. It consists in assuming a colinearity between the Reynolds stress tensor - which represents the contribution of turbulence to the mean flow - and the mean rate of strain tensor - expressed by the gradient of the mean velocity through a coefficient: the so-called eddy-viscosity. The second concept is to express this new eddy viscosity coefficient as a function of characteristic turbulence quantities. We have focused here on the most popular in Computational Fluid Dynamics, the κ-ε model, where transport equations for the averaged kinetic turbulent energy and the turbulence dissipation rate are designed semi-empirically. Steady-state κ and ε allow for a self-consistent estimation of the eddy-viscosity coefficient, thus including the impact of turbulence in steady-state mean flows. We propose a κ-ε -like model where two transport equations for turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate are derived algebraically, including the physics of the linear interchange instability. For the numerical implementation, we exploit the flexibility of the transport package SolEdge2D-EIRENE, developed for many years through the collaboration of the IRFM at the CEA and the laboratory M2P2 at Aix-Marseille University.Since the new model is semi-empirical, it presents some free parameters to be closed. In this work, we have proposed different approaches. In particular, in order to increase the predictive capabilities of the model, a reference scaling law for the width of the heat-flux profile in the scrape-off layer has been assumed, empirically determined from the experimental measurements of the outer target heat load in various machines. The new model is integrated in SolEdge2D-EIRENE for simulations with diverted plasma in TCV and WEST-like geometries, for L-mode discharges. Steady-state results are discussed and shown to favourably compare with experimental data at both the outer mid-plane and the outer divertor. Moreover, self-consistent distributions of diffusivities are shown to exhibit poloidal asymmetries consistently with the ballooned distribution of cross-field transport due to the interchange instability and observed at the same conditions in both first-principle codes and experiments
Chan, Yan-chuen y 陳仁川. "Cross-cultural communication in a Japanese multinational company in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42577032.
Texto completo