Bibliografías temáticas / Cross-chain

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

Masubuchi, Yuichi, Ankita Pandey y Yoshifumi Amamoto. "Inter-Chain Cross-Correlation in Multi-Chain Slip-Link Simulations without Force Balance at Entanglements". Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 45, n.º 4 (2017): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.45.175.

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Ledford, Dennis K. "Cephalosporin Side Chain Cross-reactivity". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice 3, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2015): 1006–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2015.08.014.

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Herlihy, Maurice, Barbara Liskov y Liuba Shrira. "Cross-chain deals and adversarial commerce". Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 13, n.º 2 (octubre de 2019): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3364324.3364326.

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Masubuchi, Yuichi y Yoshifumi Amamoto. "Effect of Osmotic Force on Orientational Cross-correlation in Primitive Chain Network Simulation". Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 44, n.º 4 (2016): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.44.219.

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BINDU, RUPA SUNIL y B. B. AHUJA. "Rejuvenating the Supply Chain by Benchmarking using Fuzzy Cross-Boundary Performance Evaluation Approach". International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2, n.º 6 (2010): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2010.v2.180.

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She, Wei, Bo Wang, Zhao Tian, Jian sen Chen, Wei Liu y Zhihao Gu. "A channel matching scheme for cross-chain". International Journal of Embedded Systems 1, n.º 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2020.10027914.

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She, Wei, Zhi hao Gu, Wei Liu, Jian sen Chen, Bo Wang y Zhao Tian. "A channel matching scheme for cross-chain". International Journal of Embedded Systems 12, n.º 4 (2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2020.107646.

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Krone, Volker, Helmut Ringsdorf, Martina Ebert, Harald Hirschmann y Joachim H. Wendorff. "Cross-shaped mesogens in main chain polymers". Liquid Crystals 9, n.º 2 (febrero de 1991): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678299108035497.

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Shao, Bin y Kunpeng Li. "Cross-Sale In Integrated Supply Chain System". Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 10, n.º 5 (30 de abril de 2012): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v10i5.6979.

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In this article, we study two manufacturers, each producing a single substituting product, selling the products through their own centralized distribution channels, and also using each others distribution channel at their choice. Distribution channels are also substitutable. Using price competition and a game theoretic approach, we find that the same products can be sold at a higher price in the cross-sale channel than in its own centralized distribution channel. The first mover in doing a cross-sale doesnt necessarily enjoy the advantage in terms of higher profit. Not only manufacturers can charge higher prices for their own and cross-sold product from their competitor, but also cross-sale increases the profits of both manufacturers; and most importantly, cross-sale improves the systems profit dramatically.

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Vogt, John Joseph. "THE SUCCESSFUL CROSS-DOCK BASED SUPPLY CHAIN". Journal of Business Logistics 31, n.º 1 (marzo de 2010): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00130.x.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

Andersson, Carl-Johan. "Evaluating Cross-chain Settlement and Exchange in Cryptocurrency". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-165163.

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While Bitcoin is beginning to cement it's core protocol and principles, the related technologies around it, such as atomic swaps and lightning network could still be considered to be in an infant state when it comes to understanding and development. In this thesis you will find atomic swaps being evaluated in depth, both off-chain and on-chain together with reasoned and somewhat wel ldefined standards and protocols on how atomic swaps should be performed in the future.

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Pillai, Babu R. "Design of Blockchain Interoperability Modes through Cross-chain Integration". Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/418796.

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Blockchain has become important in business strategy and in technological discussions in industry, academia and government. Irrespective of differing views and beliefs about cryptocurrency, it has triggered significant interest and investment in research in the blockchain space. Enterprise-grade blockchains are being developed to meet specific business requirements. However, the limitations of scalability and interoperability remain design challenges. Technically, interoperability could address scalability by connecting multiple, application-specific blockchain networks. Interoperability is, therefore, emerging as one of the critical requirements of blockchain technology because of the need to address data and value silos. The general definition of interoperability, which stems from an information systems perspective, will not work for blockchain systems. The main challenges are accessing and accepting data from other networks. A preliminary study conducted by the author showed that these networks need to be integrated to interoperate. This research identifies three modes of integration with different security assumptions to address the data access issue. With the data acceptance issue, the value (asset) that each system carries needs to be categorised. Based on the category of asset, specific protocols need to be used to swap or transfer value. This paper proposes an asset classification and design decision framework for cross-chain integration that identifies the type of transfer and its security assumptions in any given scenario. In brief, this thesis proposes a novel protocol to transfer assets between blockchains while preserving the properties needed for value transfer. This protocol is built on the assumption that the integration process happens in multiple steps between mutually agreed parties, and the users initiate the trade. This protocol transfers assets from one network to another in a way that burns the asset on one network and creates proof that will be ported to another network through this integration system. The recipient’s system then mints the same asset on its network with the aid of the proof. The feasibility of the transfer process was tested by deploying the protocol in a test network and evaluating the outcome. A theoretical analysis of the transfer process proves the desired properties, including atomicity, correctness, and security, exist. Formal verification of the protocol in various adversarial conditions has been done. This research shows that atomicity, which is commonly believed to hold in the time-lock mechanism, does not hold in general cross-chain situations. This work verifies that this property only holds under certain assumptions. It also shows that the other two desired properties, correctness and security, hold in the proposed protocol.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Info & Comm Tech
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Lys, Léonard. "Sécurité et fiabilité des échanges inter-blockchain". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS228.

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Le verrou technologique auquel cette thèse s'adresse est donc l'interopérabilité des blockchains. Chaque blockchain est un environnement indépendant avec son propre réseau, son protocole et ses règles. Elles n'ont pas nécessairement été conçues dans l'optique de s'interopérer. En vérifiant l'historique des transactions et en identifiant l'auteur d'une transaction grâce aux signatures numériques, il est possible de vérifier si une transaction peut ou non être ajoutée à la chaîne. Mais à ce jour, aucun mécanisme n'est prévu pour coordonner des transactions entre plusieurs chaînes afin de procéder à un échange. Un système d'échange de crypto-actifs entre deux chaînes cherche à satisfaire les propriétés suivantes; atomicité, l'échange à lieu intégralement ou pas du tout, sécurité, les participants ne risquent pas de perdre leur crypto-actifs et enfin vivacité, la durée de l'échange doit être limitée dans le temps
The technological lock that this thesis addresses is therefore the interoperability of blockchains. Each blockchain is an independent environment with its own network, protocol and rules. They were not necessarily designed with interoperability in mind. By checking the history of transactions and identifying the author of a transaction thanks to digital signatures, it is possible to verify whether or not a transaction can be added to the chain. But to date, there is no mechanism for coordinating transactions between multiple chains to make an exchange. A system for exchanging crypto-assets between two chains seeks to satisfy the following properties; atomicity, the exchange takes place entirely or not at all, security, the participants do not risk losing their crypto-assets and finally vivacity, the duration of the exchange must be limited in time

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Pagliarani, Andrea. "New markov chain based methods for single and cross-domain sentiment classification". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8445/.

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Nowadays communication is switching from a centralized scenario, where communication media like newspapers, radio, TV programs produce information and people are just consumers, to a completely different decentralized scenario, where everyone is potentially an information producer through the use of social networks, blogs, forums that allow a real-time worldwide information exchange. These new instruments, as a result of their widespread diffusion, have started playing an important socio-economic role. They are the most used communication media and, as a consequence, they constitute the main source of information enterprises, political parties and other organizations can rely on. Analyzing data stored in servers all over the world is feasible by means of Text Mining techniques like Sentiment Analysis, which aims to extract opinions from huge amount of unstructured texts. This could lead to determine, for instance, the user satisfaction degree about products, services, politicians and so on. In this context, this dissertation presents new Document Sentiment Classification methods based on the mathematical theory of Markov Chains. All these approaches bank on a Markov Chain based model, which is language independent and whose killing features are simplicity and generality, which make it interesting with respect to previous sophisticated techniques. Every discussed technique has been tested in both Single-Domain and Cross-Domain Sentiment Classification areas, comparing performance with those of other two previous works. The performed analysis shows that some of the examined algorithms produce results comparable with the best methods in literature, with reference to both single-domain and cross-domain tasks, in $2$-classes (i.e. positive and negative) Document Sentiment Classification. However, there is still room for improvement, because this work also shows the way to walk in order to enhance performance, that is, a good novel feature selection process would be enough to outperform the state of the art. Furthermore, since some of the proposed approaches show promising results in $2$-classes Single-Domain Sentiment Classification, another future work will regard validating these results also in tasks with more than $2$ classes.

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Fahy, P. "Cross cultural training and the effective integration of the construction supply chain". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445436/.

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Most professionals working within the UK construction industry are familiar with the recommendations of both the Latham and Egan reports, their conclusions called for improvement to the service that the construction industry delivers both for its clients and for the profitability of the enterprises involved. Their recommendations were the impetus for the drive within the industry to use strategic partnering as a replacement for competitive tendering and supply chain management as a means of improving the design process and reducing conflict, in order to achieve greater integration between enterprises involved in business transactions within the construction supply chain. It is however noteworthy that to date few suggestions have been made as to how to achiev e integration of partner enterprises and project teams once an agreement is made or a team formed and thus this paper seeks to investigate why fragmentation is necessary how it adds value to the overall labour process how cross-cultural training techniques can be used as a structured means of achieving the integration of partner enterprises or project teams by reducing conflict. The investigation will follow several paths. First it aims to identify the barriers to successful integration of enterprises within the construction supply chain. Second it reviews the various different techniques by which cross-cultural training is currently carried out and its effectiveness as an assimilation tool. Thirdly it looks at the effectiveness of the application of cross-cultural training in the construction context through an action research exercise carried out on a live project.

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Švehlová, Zuzana. "Cross-docking ako distribučná metóda". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73809.

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The current logistics chains must be designed to copy with short life cycles of products, high stock velocity, low degree of predictability etc. The conditions for accuracy, reliability and flexibility of deliveries at the markets have been changing, and that is why it is inevitable to seek new alternative methods that would lead to higher efficiency levels, remaining competitiveness and, at the same time, fulfil the needs and wishes of customers. In this paper I focuse on cross-docking which is a newer distribution method. In the first part of the paper, I try to determine the principles of this operation in distribution, identify individual types of cross-docking and in detail describe the assumptions and conditions under which the method should be implemented to reach the requested results. The paper then continues with an analysis of the current position of cross-docking and there are given several examples of demand driven supply chains that have been using this distribution method at a certain point. These examples are followed with a discussion on current options and problems of implementing cross-docking in the case of retailers and manufacturers.

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Wang, Qinjin. "Multi Data center Transaction Chain : Achieving ACID for cross data center multi-key transactions". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-198664.

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Transaction support for Geo-replicated storage system is one of the most popular challenges in the last few years. Some systems gave up for supporting transactions and let upper application layer to handle it. While some other systems tried with different solutions on guaranteeing the correctness of transactions and paid some efforts on performance improvements. However, there are very few systems that claim the supporting of ACID in the global scale. In this thesis, we have studied on various data consistency and transaction design theories such as Paxos, transaction chopping, transaction chain, etc. We have also analyzed several recent distributed transactional systems. As the result, a Geo-replicated transactional framework, namely Multi Data center Transaction Chain (MDTC), is designed and implemented. MDTC adopts transaction chopping approach, which brings more concurrency by chopping transactions into pieces. A two phase traversal mechanism is designed to validate and maintain dependencies. For cross data center consistency, a Paxos like majority vote protocol is designed and implemented as a state machine. Moreover, some tuning such as executing read-only transaction locally helps to improve performance of MDTC in different scenarios. MDTC only requires 1 cross data center message roundtrip for executing a distributed transaction globally. ACID properties are kept in MDTC. We have evaluated MDTC with an extended TPC-C benchmark on top of Cassandra. The results from various setups have been evaluated and the result shows that MDTC achieves a good performance on throughout and latency. Meanwhile it has very low abort rate and scales well for transactions executed in a global scale.

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Haddad, S. S. G. "A comprehensive study on marketing/supply chain management cross-functional integration impact on performance". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2016. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4707/.

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A substantial body of literature is written on the benefits of cross-functional integration between marketing and Supply Chain Management (SCM), nevertheless, a major gap was identified regarding concrete actions needed to be taken to effectively implement such integration and measures to realise and evaluate the integration's impact on performance. Previous research has failed to support the claim about the positive impact of marketing/SCM cross-functional integration on performance. This research proposes a framework to conceptualise marketing/SCM cross-functional integration in order to optimise Supply Chain Performance (SCP) and overall business performance through identifying a set of integrative marketing capabilities and a measurement taxonomy to assess the impact on performance. Due to the novelty of the research, scarce studies and limited cross-functional effective practices, purposive sampling of specific case studies had to be followed. The case studies were selected from the Egyptian Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) market. Five Multinational Companies (MNC) fulfilled a set of criteria to be used as the research case studies and to reflect a global perspective. The research was divided into three phases, exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. The exploratory phase used a semi-structured research approach. At the exploratory phase, the cross-functional integration status between the marketing department and the SCM departments was examined. Moreover, a set of integrative marketing capabilities was explored. These capabilities are claimed to have the ability to impact SCP and business performance if well aligned between the demand creation side of the organisation (marketing and sales) and the demand fulfilment side (SCM). In addition, a list of integrative practical SCP measurements were investigated at this phase in an attempt to compile a measurement taxonomy capable of assessing the impact of integrating/aligning the identified marketing capabilities with SCM. At the second phase, the explanatory phase, the study attempted to support the results of the exploratory phase. The explanatory phase was divided into two parts, Part A and Part B. This phase employed a more structured approach. Part A resulted in defining the strength of the relationship/influence between each identified marketing capability and each SCP attribute (reliability, agility, responsiveness, cost and asset management). Part B resulted in a proposed comprehensive measurement matrix of 28 Performance Indicators (PI) capable of assessing the impact of marketing/SCM cross-functional integration on SCP and business performance. Thus, a conceptual framework was developed to visualise the measured impact of marketing/SCM cross-functional integration on performance through illustrating the influence of integrating each marketing capability on each SCP attribute and that this influence can be measured by specific corresponding PI. Moreover, in order to practically illustrate a cross-functional integration process, a descriptive research phase was conducted. The integration processes of each case study were mapped and in-depth observations were undertaken to follow and understand the level and scheme of cross-functional integration between the marketing department and the SCM department at the case studies. The descriptive phase resulted in a practical cross-functional integration process model based on the best practices of the five MNCs. This research phase followed an unstructured research approach to fully comprehend the cross-functional integration phenomenon. Finally the cross-functional integration process of Unilever Mashreq, a core case study, was demonstrated and the results of its integrative Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) were shown in order to serve as a real life example reflecting the integration impact on performance. The research provides an original contribution to knowledge by developing a conceptual framework that can benefit companies by offering a tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the marketing/SCM cross-functional integration leading to improved SCP and overall business performance. Moreover, this research also presents a practical integration model to marketing and SCM executives with key cross-functional processes that facilitate implementing successful practices between the demand creation side of the organisation, the marketing department, and the demand fulfilment side of the organisation, the SCM department.

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Schwarz, Johanna. "Effects of recurring perturbations on byproduct cross-feeding chain lengths in a digital microbiome". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176321.

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The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem with hundreds of species interacting with each other and the host. One function of the microbiome is to break down undigested nutrients into smaller nutrients, sometimes available for uptake by the host. The digestion of such macromolecules can involve several species where one feeds on another’s byproducts, forming a large cross-feeding network. The method of digital evolution can be of great aid in studying such complex ecosystems by creating models of the studied system. In this study, the digital evolution software Avida was used to study the effects of perturbations in the system on byproduct cross-feeding chain length. Intense perturbations were found to shorten the chain lengths in general whereas weaker perturbations had either a small or no effect. When perturbations ceased, most byproduct chains displayed recovery to lengths similar to the preperturbation lengths. This indicates that byproduct chain lengths may be kept short by common ecological mechanisms alone, explaining why very long chains are rarely observed while still theoretically possible.

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Lee, Jehoon. "Synthesis, characterization, and applications of the low cross-link density poly acrylate elastomers using direct reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer cross-linker". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron149798302050725.

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Libros sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

Cruijssen, Frans. Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4.

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Lattice Cross 24" Chain. Bob Siemon Designs, 2002.

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Crosslet Cross 20" Chain. Bob Siemon Designs, 2002.

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Jerusalem Cross 20" Chain. Bob Siemon Designs, 2002.

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Cross Chain Necklace Pewter. Sierra Gifts, 2000.

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Triquetra/Trinity Cross 24" Chain. Bob Siemon Designs, 2002.

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Cross with Flowers 20" Chain. Bob Siemon Designs, 2002.

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Sterling Rainbow Cross 18" Chain. Frederick Singer & Sons, 2002.

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Believer Cross Ball Chain Pendant. Monarch Creations, 2000.

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Beveled Flared Cross 24" Chain. Bob Siemon Designs, 2002.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

Cruijssen, Frans. "Cross-Chain Collaboration Typology". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 67–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_6.

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Herlihy, Maurice, Barbara Liskov y Liuba Shrira. "Adversarial Cross-Chain Commerce". En Principles of Blockchain Systems, 133–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01807-7_5.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Applications of Cross-Chain Collaboration". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 91–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_7.

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Zie, Jean-Yves, Jean-Christophe Deneuville, Jérémy Briffaut y Benjamin Nguyen. "Extending Atomic Cross-Chain Swaps". En Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 219–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31500-9_14.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Introduction". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_1.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Conclusions". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 133–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_10.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Recommendations". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 139–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_11.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Broad Developments Impacting Supply Chain Collaboration". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 9–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_2.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Logistics Developments Impacting Horizontal Collaboration". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 29–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_3.

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Cruijssen, Frans. "Collaboration in Other Industries". En Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 41–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_4.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

Shadab, Narges, Farzin Houshmand y Mohsen Lesani. "Cross-chain Transactions". En 2020 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbc48266.2020.9169477.

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Lin, Shaofeng, Yihan Kong y Shaotao Nie. "Overview of Block Chain Cross Chain Technology". En 2021 13th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmtma52658.2021.00083.

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Herlihy, Maurice. "Atomic Cross-Chain Swaps". En PODC '18: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3212734.3212736.

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Engel, Daniel y Yingjie Xue. "Transferable Cross-Chain Options". En AFT '22: 4th ACM Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3558535.3559774.

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Tefagh, Mojtaba, Fatemeh Bagheri, Amirhossein Khajehpour y Melika Abdi. "Atomic Bonded Cross-chain Debt". En ICBTA 2020: 2020 the 3rd International Conference on Blockchain Technology and Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3446983.3446987.

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Chervinsk, João Otávio, Diego Kreutz y Jiangshan Yu. "Towards Scalable Cross-Chain Messaging". En 2023 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/blockchain60715.2023.00060.

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Guo, Zhilian, Lixian Liu, Zhihong Liang y Yuxiang Huang. "Blockchain cross-chain technology research". En 2022 IEEE 5th Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imcec55388.2022.10020068.

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Chan, Eric, Marek Chrobak y Mohsen Lesani. "Cross-Chain Swaps with Preferences". En 2023 IEEE 36th Computer Security Foundations Symposium (CSF). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csf57540.2023.00031.

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Zhiping, Li, Liu Dongpo, Zhang Bo, Guo Jian y Nie Fanjie. "A cross-chain technology based on a licensed public chain". En 2022 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and Algorithms (EEBDA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eebda53927.2022.9744804.

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Xu, Junnan y Zhongyu Chen. "Design of Hybrid Cross Chain Scheme Based on Relay Chain". En 2023 International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Technology (CSAT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csat61646.2023.00072.

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Informes sobre el tema "Cross-chain"

McAndrews, Laura Ellen y Jung E. Ha-Brookshire. Working Together is Success: Examining Cross-Functional Team Performance in the Global Apparel Supply Chain. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, noviembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1443.

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Balana, Bedru, Opeyemi Olanrewaju, Kate Ambler, Alan de Brauw, Jeffrey Bloem, Didier Kadjo, Tesfamicheal Wossen, Saweda Onipede Liverpool-Tassie y Tahirou Abdoulaye. Innovations and policy design for development for cross-value chain services logistics and financial services. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136552.

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West, Chris, Rhian Ebrey, Joe Simpson, Emilie Stokeld, Frida Lager, Simon Croft, Francesco Bosello et al. Report on preliminary impact and policy insights from model and sectoral case study analysis: trade-linked cross-border impacts. Stockholm Environment Institute, enero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc025.

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Trade-linked cross-border climate impacts have the potential to severely disrupt the European economy. Yet, the research landscape that surrounds these potential impacts remains in a relatively nascent stage. Importantly, whilst quantitative approaches can be applied in isolation to develop our understanding of cascading cross-border impacts, these should ideally be supplemented by the broader development of knowledge as to how initial climate triggers might evolve via trade systems, might interact with the actions and activities of supply chain actors, and how the wider policy landscape might act as an enabler or barrier to EU climate resilience. The objective of this deliverable is to provide a set of preliminary policy insights resulting from a summary and synthesis of outputs from WP3 of the CASCADES project. Outputs of WP3 encompass the quantitative results of models applied to the exploration of the impacts of climate change on EU trade-linked systems, and qualitative analysis of stakeholder viewpoints – supplemented by information from the wider literature – which highlights key climate-linked concerns, potential responses, and interactions with policy. The deliverable is divided below into three main sections. The first provides a synthesis and related policy implications based on a summary of the outcomes of research activities conducted in CASCADES WP3. Then, the remainder of the report is divided into discrete summaries of the analysis conducted. Analysis Section 1 summarises the quantitative outcomes of WP3 models. Analysis Section 2 summarises the qualitative components of WP3 within the form of three focal trade-linked case studies: a) food systems, b) the soy supply chain, c) energy transition minerals. The depth and breadth of these three case studies differs (more explanation on scope of coverage and methods applied can be found in Analysis Section 2). The Deliverable overall is intended to act as a starting point for (for food systems and soy supply chains) a more in-depth exploration of the policy environment that surrounds trade-linked cross-border impacts that will link to WP6 of the CASCADES project.

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Dudoit, Alain. The urgency of the first link: Canada’s supply chain at breaking point, a national security issue. CIRANO, julio de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/cxwf7311.

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The creation of an intelligent supply chain is now an urgent national security priority that cannot be achieved without the joint mobilization of various stakeholders in Canada. It is not, however, an end in itself: the achievement of a single, competitive, sustainable, and consumer-focused domestic market should be the ultimate outcome of the national taskforce needed to collaboratively implement the recommendations of three complementary public policy reports published in 2022 on the state of the supply chain in Canada. The supply chain challenge is vast, and it will only become more complex over time. Governments in Canada must act together now, in conjunction with collaborative efforts with our allies and partners, notably the United States and the European Union, to ensure supply chain resilience in the face of accelerating current and anticipated upheavals, geopolitical conflicts and natural disasters. Québec's geostrategic position is a major asset, and gives it a critical role and responsibility in implementing not only the Final Report of the National Supply Chain Task Force ("ACT"), but also of the recommendations contained in the report published by the Council of Ministers Responsible for Transportation and Highway Safety (COMT) and those contained in the report of the House of Commons Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities published in Ottawa in November 2022, "Improving the Efficiency and Resilience of Canada's Supply Chains". The mobilizing approach towards a common data space for Canada's supply chain is inspired by Advantage St. Lawrence's forward-looking Smart Economic Corridor vision and builds on and integrates experience gained from various initiatives and programs implemented in Canada, the U.S. and Europe, as appropriate. Its initial implementation in the St. Lawrence - Great Lakes trade corridor will facilitate the subsequent access and sharing of data from across the Canadian supply chain in a reliable and secure manner. The accelerated joint development of a common data space is a game-changer not only in terms of solving critical supply chain challenges, but also in terms of the impetus it will generate in the pursuit of fundamental Canadian priorities, including the energy transition. This Bourgogne report offers a four-part synthesis: - An overview of a background characterized by numerous consultations, strategy announcements, measures, and mixed results. - A cross-analysis of the recommendations of three important and complementary public policy reports at federal level, as well as the Quebec strategy, “l'Avantage Saint-Laurent”. - An analysis of the fundamental issues of mobilization capacity, execution, and under-utilization of data. - Some operational solutions for moving into « Action, Collaboration and Transformation » (ACT) mode.

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Dzebo, Adis y Kevin M. Adams. The coffee supply chain illustrates transboundary climate risks: Insights on governance pathways. Stockholm Environment Institute, abril de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.002.

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The interconnections between countries in a globalizing world continue to deepen and are central to the modern international economy. Yet, governance efforts to build resilience to the adverse risks and impacts of climate change are highly fragmented and have not sufficiently focused on these international dimensions. Relationships between people, ecosystems and economies across borders change the scope and nature of the climate adaptation challenge and generate climate risks that are transboundary (Challinor et al., 2017). Climate impacts in one country can create risks and opportunities – and therefore may require adaptation – in other countries, due to cross-border connectivity within regions and globally (Hedlund et al., 2018). These Transboundary Climate Risks (TCRs) may develop in one location remote from the location of their origin. This dynamic necessitates examining the governance structures for managing climate change adaptation. For example, with regard to trade and international supply chains, climate change impacts in one location can disrupt local economies and vulnerable people’s livelihoods, while also affecting the price, quality and availability of goods and services on international markets (Benzie et al., 2018). Coffee is one of the most traded commodities in the world with an immensely globalized supply chain. The global coffee sector involves more than 100 million people in over 80 countries. Coffee production and the livelihoods of smallholder coffee farmers around the world are at risk due to climate change, threatening to disrupt one of the world’s largest agricultural supply chains. The coffee supply chain represents an important arena for public and private actors to negotiate how resource flows should be governed and climate risks should be managed. Currently, neither governments nor private sector actors are sufficiently addressing TCRs (Benzie & Harris, 2020) and no clear mandates exist for actors to take ownership of this issue. Furthermore, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the main body for climate change policy and governance, does not provide any coherent recommendations on how to manage TCRs. This governance gap raises questions about what methods are likely to effectively reduce climate risk and be taken seriously by coffee market stakeholders. This policy brief explores different ways to govern TCRs, and how public and private actors view their effectiveness and legitimacy. Focusing on the Brazilian-German coffee supply chain, the brief presents a deductive framework of five governance pathways through which TCRs could be managed. It is based on 41 semi-structured interviews with 65 Brazilian and German public and private experts, including roasters, traders, cooperatives, associations and certification schemes, as well as government ministries, international development agencies, international organizations and civil society representatives.

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Anderson, Olin y Gad Galili. Development of Assay Systems for Bioengineering Proteins that Affect Dough Quality and Wheat Utilization. United States Department of Agriculture, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568781.bard.

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The quality and utilization of wheat is largely dependent upon the exact physical/chemical properties of the doughs made from flour/water mixtures. Among the wheat seed components most correlated with dough visoelastic parameters are the high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits whose disulfide cross-linked macropolymer is critical for dough functionality. We have used the tools of molecular biology, wheat transformation, heterologous expression of HMW-glutenin subunits in bacteria, and dough micro-mixing experiments to examine some of the molecular basis of HMW-glutenin functionality. In addition, we have developed sets of modified and synthetic gene constructs and transgenic wheat lines that will allow further examination of the role of the HMW-glutenins. Among the results from this work is evidence that the HMW-glutenin repeat domain is directly related to dough properties, the demonstration that interaction between subunits is dependent upon domain presence but not order, a novel understanding of the restrictions on intra-vs inter-chain disulfide bonds, the demonstration that HMW-glutenin genes can be transformed into wheat for simultaneously high expression of the transgene and suppression of the endogenous genes, and the construction of a set of modified HMW-glutenins capable of being epitope tagged for studying polypeptide subcellular processing and the fate of HMW-glutenins in dough mixing experiments.

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Morrison, Mark y Joshuah Miron. Molecular-Based Analysis of Cellulose Binding Proteins Involved with Adherence to Cellulose by Ruminococcus albus. United States Department of Agriculture, noviembre de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695844.bard.

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At the beginning of this project, it was clear that R. albus adhered tightly to cellulose and its efficient degradation of this polysaccharide was dependent on micromolar concentrations of phenylacetic acid (PAA) and phenylpropionic acid (PPA). The objectives for our research were: i) to identify how many different kinds of cellulose binding proteins are produced by Ruminococcus albus; ii) to isolate and clone the genes encoding some of these proteins from the same bacterium; iii) to determine where these various proteins were located and; iv) quantify the relative importance of these proteins in affecting the rate and extent to which the bacterium becomes attached to cellulose. BARD support has facilitated a number of breakthroughs relevant to our fundamental understanding of the adhesion process. First, R. albus possesses multiple mechanisms for adhesion to cellulose. The P.I.'s laboratory has discovered a novel cellulose-binding protein (CbpC) that belongs to the Pil-protein family, and in particular, the type 4 fimbrial proteins. We have also obtained genetic and biochemical evidence demonstrating that, in addition to CbpC-mediated adhesion, R. albus also produces a cellulosome-like complex for adhesion. These breakthroughs resulted from the isolation (in Israel and the US) of spontaneously arising mutants of R. albus strains SY3 and 8, which were completely or partially defective in adhesion to cellulose, respectively. While the SY3 mutant strain was incapable of growth with cellulose as the sole carbon source, the strain 8 mutants showed varying abilities to degrade and grow with cellulose. Biochemical and gene cloning experiments have been used in Israel and the US, respectively, to identify what are believed to be key components of a cellulosome. This combination of cellulose adhesion mechanisms has not been identified previously in any bacterium. Second, differential display, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DD RT-PCR) has been developed for use with R. albus. A major limitation to cellulose research has been the intractability of cellulolytic bacteria to genetic manipulation by techniques such as transposon mutagenesis and gene displacement. The P.I.'s successfully developed DD RT- PCR, which expanded the scope of our research beyond the original objectives of the project, and a subset of the transcripts conditionally expressed in response to PAA and PPA have been identified and characterized. Third, proteins immunochemically related to the CbpC protein of R. albus 8 are present in other R. albus strains and F. intestinalis, Western immunoblots have been used to examine additional strains of R. albus, as well as other cellulolytic bacteria of ruminant origin, for production of proteins immunochemically related to the CbpC protein. The results of these experiments showed that R. albus strains SY3, 7 and B199 all possess a protein of ~25 kDa which cross-reacts with polyclonal anti-CbpC antiserum. Several strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Ruminococcus flavefaciens strains C- 94 and FD-1, and Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 produced no proteins that cross-react with the same antiserum. Surprisingly though, F. intestinalis strain DR7 does possess a protein(s) of relatively large molecular mass (~200 kDa) that was strongly cross-reactive with the anti- CbpC antiserum. Scientifically, our studies have helped expand the scope of our fundamental understanding of adhesion mechanisms in cellulose-degrading bacteria, and validated the use of RNA-based techniques to examine physiological responses in bacteria that are nor amenable to genetic manipulations. Because efficient fiber hydrolysis by many anaerobic bacteria requires both tight adhesion to substrate and a stable cellulosome, we believe our findings are also the first step in providing the resources needed to achieve our long-term goal of increasing fiber digestibility in animals.

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Gelb, Jr., Jack, Yoram Weisman, Brian Ladman y Rosie Meir. Identification of Avian Infectious Brochitis Virus Variant Serotypes and Subtypes by PCR Product Cycle Sequencing for the Rational Selection of Effective Vaccines. United States Department of Agriculture, diciembre de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586470.bard.

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Objectives 1. Determine the serotypic identities of 40 recent IBV isolates from commercial chickens raised in the USA and Israel. 2. Sequence all IBV field isolates using PCR product cycle sequencing and analyze their S 1 sequence to detennine their homology to other strains in the Genbank and EMBL databases. 3. Select vaccinal strains with the highest S 1 sequence homology to the field isolates and perform challenge of immunity studies in chickens in laboratory trials to detennine level of protection afforded by the vaccines. Background Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a common, economically important disease of the chicken. IB occurs as a respiratory form, associated with airsacculitis, condemnation, and mortality of meat-type broilers, a reproductive form responsible for egg production losses in layers and breeders, and a renal form causing high mortality in broilers and pullets. The causative agent is avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Replication of the virus' RNA genome is error-prone and mutations commonly result. A major target for mutation is the gene encoding the spike (S) envelope protein used by the virus to attach and infect the host cell. Mutations in the S gene result in antigenic changes that can lead to the emergence of variant serotypes. The S gene is able to tolerate numerous mutations without compromising the virus' ability to replicate and cause disease. An end result of the virus' "flexibility" is that many strains of IBV are capable of existing in nature. Once formed, new mutant strains, often referred to as variants, are soon subjected to immunological selection so that only the most antigenically novel variants survive in poultry populations. Many novel antigenic variant serotypes and genotypes have been isolated from commercial poultry flocks. Identification of the field isolates of IBV responsible for outbreaks is critical for selecting the appropriate strain(s) for vaccination. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the Sl subunit of the envelope spike glycoprotein gene has been a common method used to identify field strains, replacing other time-consuming or less precise tests. Two PCR approaches have been used for identification, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct automated cycle sequence analysis of a diagnostically relevant hypervariab1e region were compared in our BARD research. Vaccination for IB, although practiced routinely in commercial flocks, is often not protective. Field isolates responsible for outbreaks may be unrelated to the strain(s) used in the vaccination program. However, vaccines may provide varying degrees of cross- protection vs. unrelated field strains so vaccination studies should be performed. Conclusions RFLP and S1 sequence analysis methods were successfully performed using the field isolates from the USA and Israel. Importantly, the S1 sequence analysis method enabled a direct comparison of the genotypes of the field strains by aligning them to sequences in public databases e.g. GenBank. Novel S1 gene sequences were identified in both USA and Israel IBVs but greater diversity was observed in the field isolates from the USA. One novel genotype, characterized in this project, Israel/720/99, is currently being considered for development as an inactivated vaccine. Vaccination with IBV strains in the US (Massachusetts, Arkansas, Delaware 072) or in Israel (Massachusetts, Holland strain) provided higher degrees of cross-protection vs. homologous than heterologous strain challenge. In many cases however, vaccination with two strains (only studies with US strains) produced reasonable cross-protection against heterologous field isolate challenge. Implications S1 sequence analysis provides numerical similarity values and phylogenetic information that can be useful, although by no means conclusive, in developing vaccine control strategies. Identification of many novel S1 genotypes of IBV in the USA is evidence that commercial flocks will be challenged today and in the future with strains unrelated to vaccines. In Israel, monitoring flocks for novel IBV field isolates should continue given the identification of Israel/720/99, and perhaps others in the future. Strains selected for vaccination of commercial flocks should induce cross- protection against unrelated genotypes. Using diverse genotypes for vaccination may result in immunity against unrelated field strains.

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Willis, C., F. Jorgensen, S. A. Cawthraw, H. Aird, S. Lai, M. Chattaway, I. Lock, E. Quill y G. Raykova. A survey of Salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and antimicrobial resistance in frozen, part-cooked, breaded or battered poultry products on retail sale in the United Kingdom. Food Standards Agency, mayo de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xvu389.

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Frozen, breaded, ready-to-cook chicken products have been implicated in outbreaks of salmonellosis. Some of these outbreaks can be large. For example, one outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis involved 193 people in nine countries between 2018 and 2020, of which 122 cases were in the UK. These ready-to-cook products have a browned, cooked external appearance, which may be perceived as ready-to-eat, leading to mishandling or undercooking by consumers. Continuing concerns about these products led FSA to initiate a short-term (four month), cross-sectional surveillance study undertaken in 2021 to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in frozen, breaded or battered chicken products on retail sale in the UK. This study sought to obtain data on AMR levels in Salmonella and E. coli in these products, in line with a number of other FSA instigated studies of the incidence and nature of AMR in the UK food chain, for example, the systematic review (2016). Between the beginning of April and the end of July 2021, 310 samples of frozen, breaded or battered chicken products containing either raw or partly cooked chicken, were collected using representative sampling of retailers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland based on market share data. Samples included domestically produced and imported chicken products and were tested for E. coli (including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, colistin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant E. coli) and Salmonella spp. One isolate of each bacterial type from each contaminated sample was randomly selected for additional AMR testing to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a range of antimicrobials. More detailed analysis based on Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data was used to further characterise Salmonella spp. isolates and allow the identification of potential links with human isolates. Salmonella spp. were detected in 5 (1.6%) of the 310 samples and identified as Salmonella Infantis (in three samples) and S. Java (in two samples). One of the S. Infantis isolates fell into the same genetic cluster as S. Infantis isolates from three recent human cases of infection; the second fell into another cluster containing two recent cases of infection. Countries of origin recorded on the packaging of the five Salmonella contaminated samples were Hungary (n=1), Ireland (n=2) and the UK (n=2). One S. Infantis isolate was multi-drug resistant (i.e. resistant to three different classes of antimicrobials), while the other Salmonella isolates were each resistant to at least one of the classes of antimicrobials tested. E. coli was detected in 113 samples (36.4%), with counts ranging from <3 to >1100 MPN (Most Probable Number)/g. Almost half of the E. coli isolates (44.5%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Multi-drug resistance was detected in 20.0% of E. coli isolates. E. coli isolates demonstrating the ESBL (but not AmpC) phenotype were detected in 15 of the 310 samples (4.8%) and the AmpC phenotype alone was detected in two of the 310 samples (0.6%) of chicken samples. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing showed that five of the 15 (33.3%) ESBL-producing E. coli carried blaCTX-M genes (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-55 or CTX-M-15), which confer resistance to third generation cephalosporin antimicrobials. One E. coli isolate demonstrated resistance to colistin and was found to possess the mcr-1 gene. The five Salmonella-positive samples recovered from this study, and 20 similar Salmonella-positive samples from a previous UKHSA (2020/2021) study (which had been stored frozen), were subjected to the cooking procedures described on the sample product packaging for fan assisted ovens. No Salmonella were detected in any of these 25 samples after cooking. The current survey provides evidence of the presence of Salmonella in frozen, breaded and battered chicken products in the UK food chain, although at a considerably lower incidence than reported in an earlier (2020/2021) study carried out by PHE/UKHSA as part of an outbreak investigation where Salmonella prevalence was found to be 8.8%. The current survey also provides data on the prevalence of specified AMR bacteria found in the tested chicken products on retail sale in the UK. It will contribute to monitoring trends in AMR prevalence over time within the UK, support comparisons with data from other countries, and provide a baseline against which to monitor the impact of future interventions. While AMR activity was observed in some of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. examined in this study, the risk of acquiring AMR bacteria from consumption of these processed chicken products is low if the products are cooked thoroughly and handled hygienically.

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PV Supply Chain and Cross-Cutting Technologies: Upcoming Funding Opportunity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/939531.

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