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1
Spross, Johan. "A Critical Review of the Observational Method." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Jord- och bergmekanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144207.
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Building a sustainable structure in soil or rock that satisfies all predefined technical requirements implies choosing a rational and effective construction method. An important aspect is how the performance of the structure is verified. For cases when the geotechnical behaviour is hard to predict, the existing design code for geotechnical structures, Eurocode 7, suggests the so-called “observational method” to verify that the performance is acceptable. The basic principle of the method is to accept predefined changes in the design during construction, in order to accommodate the actual ground conditions, if the current design is found unsuitable. Even though this in theory should ensure an effective design solution, formal application of the observational method is rare. It is therefore not clear which prerequisites and circumstances that must be present for the observational method to be applicable and be the more suitable method. This licentiate thesis gives a critical review of the observational method, based on, and therefore limited by, the outcome of the performed case studies. The aim is to identify and highlight the crucial aspects that make the observational method difficult to apply, thereby providing a basis for research towards a more applicable definition of the method. The main topics of discussion are (1) the apparent contradiction between the preference for advanced probabilistic calculation methods to solve complex design problems and sound, qualitative engineering judgement, (2) the limitations of measurement data in assessing the safety of a structure, (3) the fact that currently, no safety margin is required for the completed structure when the observational method is applied, and (4) the rigidity of the current definition of the observational method and the implications of deviations from its principles. Based on the review, it is argued that the observational method can be improved by linking it to a probabilistic framework. To be applicable, the method should be supported by guidelines that explain and exemplify how to make the best use of it. The engineering judgement is however not lost; no matter how elaborate probabilistic methods are used, sound judgement is still needed to define the problem correctly. How to define such a probabilistic framework is an urgent topic for future research, because this also addresses the concerns regarding safety that is raised in the other topics of discussion.<br>För att i berg eller jord kunna konstruera en anläggning, som uppfyller satta tekniska krav, krävs det att man väljer en rationell och effektiv konstruktionsmetod. En viktig aspekt i detta val är hur man verifierar konstruktionens funktion avseende exempelvis bärförmåga eller stadga. För fall när konstruktionens beteende svårt att förutsäga, erbjuder gällande standard (Eurokod 7) den så kallade observationsmetoden. Denna metod tillåter i förväg förberedda förändringar i designen under konstruktionstiden, om observationer av konstruktionens beteende indikerar att så behövs. På så vis anpassas konstruktionen till de faktiska förhållandena i marken. Trots att detta tillvägagångssätt i teorin borde ge en rationell design, används metoden sällan. Det råder därför oklarheter om vilka förutsättningar och omständigheter som krävs för att observationsmetoden ska kunna användas och dessutom utgöra den bästa lösningen. I denna licentiatuppsats granskas observationsmetoden och dess användbarhet. Målet med licentiatuppsatsen är att belysa de aspekter som kan utgöra svårigheter när observationsmetoden används. Dessa identifierades under arbetet med några fallstudier. Licentiatuppsatsen ger därmed en utgångspunkt för fortsatt forskning för att ta fram en mer användbar definition av observationsmetoden. De viktigaste aspekterna som diskuteras i uppsatsen är (1) den skenbara motsatsen mellan användandet av sannolikhetsbaserade beräkningsmetoder för att lösa komplexa dimensioneringsfrågor och kvalitativa ingenjörsmässiga bedömningar, (2) de begränsningar som finns när man använder mätdata för att utvärdera konstruktioners säkerhet, (3) att det för tillfället saknas krav på säkerhetsmarginal mot brott för konstruktioner som byggts med observationsmetoden, och (4) vad svårigheten att uppfylla Eurokodens strikta definition innebär för metodens användbarhet. Utifrån resultatet av granskningen dras slutsatsen att observationsmetoden kan förbättras genom att ge den ett sannolikhetsbaserat ramverk. För att förenkla användningen bör riktlinjer och anvisningar utformas. Även om metoden utvecklas mot en högre grad av beräkningskomplexitet, kommer ingenjörsmässiga bedömningar också framgent att vara viktiga, eftersom en avgörande aspekt är hur problemställningen formuleras. Med ett sannolikhetsbaserat ramverk ökar möjligheten att lösa de frågeställningar kring säkerhet som också diskuteras i uppsatsen.<br><p>QC 20140415</p>
2
Huxley, Craig. "An improved method to identify critical processes." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15857/1/Craig_Huxley_Thesis.pdf.
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Nearly 70% of process improvement projects are failing to provide the expected benefits (Grant 2002). The cost of process improvement projects can be quite substantial and the number of these projects occurring within organisations continues to increase. John Thorp (1998) describes an environment in which managers are struggling to demonstrate the connection between costs and expected business benefits. This eighteen month master's research project has identified a gap in both the academic literature and the business practices of most organisations. This thesis aims to make explicit the selection of processes to improve and to provide the link between process objectives and organisational goals (Davenport 1993; Hammer and Champy 1993). Published literature, coupled with the experience of the research team, has resulted in the development of a targeting methodology for defining and ranking critical processes, and then selecting which of those critical processes to improve first. Although the research team believes that the methodology is applicable to many industries, the research was undertaken in the application hosting centre (AHC) and application service provision (ASP) industry. A focus group and follow on Delphi study was used to ensure that the processes and functional area focused upon was of importance to the participants of the research. This research project was funded by the Australian Research Council's Linkage projects and undertaken with support by REALTECH. The participants included the top three information systems outsourcing companies in Australia and another in the top ten of this industry. The study commenced with identifying critical processes in the ASP environment. This involved both a focus group session and a Delphi study. The Delphi study was followed by four action learning cycles using case studies (action, observe, reflect and revise). These action learning cycles using case studies have revealed that the methodology (which includes the steps to implement the methodology) meets the needs of organisations to identify and select 'critical' processes for improvement. It provides business and researchers with a logical and explicit method to reduce the 'squeaky wheel' and 'latest fad' approaches to process improvement projects. These prior approaches improve processes not necessarily critical for achieving organisational goals consuming limited resources for little gain. The targeting method makes the alignment of process objectives with goals by explicitly linking processes to organisational goals possible. The limitations of this research project are that it does not intend to verify the achievement of business benefit, document the change to an organisation due to its use of the targeting methodology or determine the long term benefits to an organisation using the targeting methodology. These questions might be answered in a longer and larger study as this project is limited to an eighteen month time frame. As for generalisability, the study has focused on the AHC and ASP industries, and the participants, while operating within this industry, are quite different. For the different phases of this project the participants come from in-house providers, multinational outsourcing providers, commercialised government providers, specialist niche product providers, and enterprise system suppliers.
3
Huxley, Craig. "An Improved Method to Identify Critical Processes." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15857/.
Texto completoResumen
Nearly 70% of process improvement projects are failing to provide the expected benefits (Grant 2002). The cost of process improvement projects can be quite substantial and the number of these projects occurring within organisations continues to increase. John Thorp (1998) describes an environment in which managers are struggling to demonstrate the connection between costs and expected business benefits. This eighteen month master's research project has identified a gap in both the academic literature and the business practices of most organisations. This thesis aims to make explicit the selection of processes to improve and to provide the link between process objectives and organisational goals (Davenport 1993; Hammer and Champy 1993). Published literature, coupled with the experience of the research team, has resulted in the development of a targeting methodology for defining and ranking critical processes, and then selecting which of those critical processes to improve first. Although the research team believes that the methodology is applicable to many industries, the research was undertaken in the application hosting centre (AHC) and application service provision (ASP) industry. A focus group and follow on Delphi study was used to ensure that the processes and functional area focused upon was of importance to the participants of the research. This research project was funded by the Australian Research Council's Linkage projects and undertaken with support by REALTECH. The participants included the top three information systems outsourcing companies in Australia and another in the top ten of this industry. The study commenced with identifying critical processes in the ASP environment. This involved both a focus group session and a Delphi study. The Delphi study was followed by four action learning cycles using case studies (action, observe, reflect and revise). These action learning cycles using case studies have revealed that the methodology (which includes the steps to implement the methodology) meets the needs of organisations to identify and select 'critical' processes for improvement. It provides business and researchers with a logical and explicit method to reduce the 'squeaky wheel' and 'latest fad' approaches to process improvement projects. These prior approaches improve processes not necessarily critical for achieving organisational goals consuming limited resources for little gain. The targeting method makes the alignment of process objectives with goals by explicitly linking processes to organisational goals possible. The limitations of this research project are that it does not intend to verify the achievement of business benefit, document the change to an organisation due to its use of the targeting methodology or determine the long term benefits to an organisation using the targeting methodology. These questions might be answered in a longer and larger study as this project is limited to an eighteen month time frame. As for generalisability, the study has focused on the AHC and ASP industries, and the participants, while operating within this industry, are quite different. For the different phases of this project the participants come from in-house providers, multinational outsourcing providers, commercialised government providers, specialist niche product providers, and enterprise system suppliers.
4
Montazeri, Behzad. "Comparing Critical Chain Project Managemenet with Critical Path Method: A Case Study." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1935.
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Scheduling is a major task in project management. The current scheduling technique, Critical Path Method (CPM), has been widely applied for several decades, but a large number of projects fail to be completed on time and schedule delays occur in many projects. This raises question about the validity of the current project scheduling system. Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM), derived from Theory of Constraints, is a relatively new alternative approach toward scheduling projects. This study compared CCPM and CPM to determine which scheduling method delivers a shorter project duration and has a better usage of resources. A scheduling software called ProChain was used to reschedule a CPM based construction project using CCPM. The study concluded that the CCPM has the possibility to deliver shorter project duration and better resource usage in comparison to CPM. It was revealed that ProChain has limitation in the process of transforming a CPM schedule to a CCPM schedule. For example, ProChain treats any tasks without any predecessor as a project terminating task and puts a project buffer after it.
5
Plotnick, Fredric Leigh Martin Joseph P. "RDM - relationship diagramming method /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2934.
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Sjöberg, Jens. "Critical Making as a Design Process Learning Method." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20437.
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This study is a case study within Media Technology at Malmö University that explores the gap between design and technology in the Graphic Design course. The study uses the concept of Critical Making and how that can be used to develop a design process learning method in higher education programs, where designing and making artifacts are in focus. The aim is to implement Critical Making in order to allow students to gain deeper understanding and evaluate their material choices and their own reflections in the design process. To achieve the implementation of Critical Making the study uses didactics as a pedagogical approach. The key elements in Critical Making as a design process learning method build on context, reflection, material choice and design process that all form a common design language between students and teachers to exchange knowledge and experiences in future media productions. The common design language is shaped through open assignments, supervision and reflection from the students' material choices and context of the media production they work with during the design process. The findings in the study are also presented as a digitally interactive poster that uses Augmented Reality to show videos and images for the user.
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Isaksen, David Erland. "Indexing and Dialectical Transcendence: Kenneth Burke's Critical Method." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3091.
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Kenneth Burke has been described as arguably the most important rhetorician and critical theorist of the twentieth century, and yet an important part of his scholarship has been generally overlooked by the academic community. The pentad has become the most prominent "Burkean" framework for analyzing texts, yet Kenneth Burke himself preferred "a more direct" way of approaching texts which he named "indexing." This thesis recreates this method from the pieces found in his scholarly writing, personal correspondence, and the papers his students produced for the class he taught at Bennington College. Kenneth Burke believed indexing could uncover the "pattern of experience" or "motivational structures" a text embodies, and thereby help people become aware of the persuasive power different texts have. The method of indexing has two parts: 1. Finding the implicit equations in a text, and 2. Tracking the hierarchies of terms and God-terms in those equations. Identifying equations in a text starts with finding "key terms" in a text, meaning terms which carry special significance as indicated by their intensity and frequency of usage. One then tracks the context of these terms throughout a text to find which other words frequently occur together with these words. The second step, tracking hierarchies of terms, is done by finding how the terms in the equations relate to each other in a hierarchy. We start with specific and move upward to more general terms. On the top of the pyramid we find the God-term, which is the driving motivation and ground of all possibility in the text. Kenneth Burke hoped his method of indexing could help us understand the power language and motivational structures have to drive human action, and that we could question our own motivational structure as well as that of others and of the communities we operate in.
8
Li, Anyi. "STUDY OF QCD CRITICAL POINT USING CANONICAL ENSEMBLE METHOD." UKnowledge, 2009. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/756.
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QCD at non-zero baryon density is expected to have a critical point where the finite temperature crossover at zero density turns into a first order phase transition. To identify this point, we use the canonical ensemble approach to scan the temperaturedensity plane through lattice QCD simulations with Wilson-type fermions. In order to scan a wide range of the phase diagram, we develop an algorithm, the ”winding number expansion method” (WNEM) to fix the numerical instability problem due to the discrete Fourier transform for calculating the projected determinant. For a given temperature, we measure the chemical potential as a function of the baryon number and look for the signal of a first order phase transition. We carry out simulations using clover fermions with mπ ≈ 800MeV on 63 × 4 lattices. As a benchmark, we run simulations for the four degenerate flavor case where we observe a clear signal of the first order phase transition. In the two flavor case we do not see any signal for temperatures as low as 0.83 Tc. To gauge the discretization errors, we also run a set of simulations using Wilson fermions and compare the results to those from the clover fermion. The three flavor case is close to realistic QCD with two light u and d quarks and one heavier s quark. Any hint of the existence of the first order phase transition and, particularly, its critical end point will be valuable for the planned relativistic heavy-ion experiments to search for such a point. In the three flavor case we found a clear signal for the first order phase transition, the critical point is located at a temperature of 0.93(2) Tc and a baryon chemical potential of 3.25(7) Tc. Since the quark mass in our present simulation is relatively heavy, we would like to repeat it with lighter quark masses and larger volumes.
9
Bezděkovská, Radka. "Optimalizace procesů v dostihovém sportu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15775.
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This thesis is concerned with the use of some optimization methods in harness racing. In the first part of the thesis, both critical path method and critical chain method of the project management are applied to horse racing projects. Then a comparison is made in order to choose a suitable method under various conditions. As a result, we can suggest improvements in horse racing organization. In order to determine optimal number of racing days, races and other aspects within a season, an optimization model is created in the second part of the thesis. Minimization of cost or maximization of number of starts can be chosen as an objective function. Various constraints are considered.
10
Young, Charles P. "Method or madness federal oversight structures for critical infrastructure protection." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FYoung.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Studies (Homeland Defense and Security))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Lawson, Letitia ; Zolin, Roxanne. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 25, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-60). Also available in print.
11
RIBEIRO, ASTROGILDA MOREIRA ASSIS. "METHOD, NORM AND TOPICS IN LAW: A CRITICAL LAW THEORY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3779@1.
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O professor Friedrich Müller busca dar ao Direito um método
que lhe seja próprio. Para tanto, ergueu uma proposta
metodológica que se projeta do plano teórico ao prático.
Isto é, seu papel é fundamental dentro da teoria do Direito
e de seu processo de aplicação. Tendo em vista essa dupla
dimensão de sua metódica jurídica, tornou-se essencial a
este texto a análise de sua teoria da norma jurídica e
o seu tratamento aos elementos de aplicação tradicionais do
Direito, bem como outros elementos que vem a ser inseridos
no processo de concretização.<br>Professor Dr. Friedrich Müller researches for the proprial
Law method. He raised a methodical proposal which projects
Itself from a theoretical level to a practical one. That
is, your paper is primary in the Law theory and in your
application process. Because of the juridical mehtodic with
a double dimension, It became essential to this text the
analysis of his juridical norm theory and his treatment to
the tradicional Law application elements, well as the
others elements inserted in the application process.
12
Castillo, Jose Carlos. "The User-Reported Critical Incident Method for Remote Usability Evaluation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35513.
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<P>Much traditional user interface evaluation is conducted in usability laboratories, where a small number of selected
users is directly observed by trained evaluators. However, as the network itself and the remote work setting have
become intrinsic parts of usage patterns, evaluators often have limited access to representative users for usability
evaluation in the laboratory and the users' work context is difficult or impossible to reproduce in a laboratory
setting. These barriers to usability evaluation led to extending the concept of usability evaluation beyond the
laboratory, typically using the network itself as a bridge to take interface evaluation to a broad range of users
in their natural work settings. The over-arching goal of this work is to develop and evaluate a cost-effective
remote usability evaluation method for real-world applications used by real users doing real tasks in real work
environments. This thesis reports the development of such a method, and the results of a study to:</P>
<UL>
<LI>investigate feasibility and effectiveness of involving users with to identify and report critical incidents
in usage,
<LI>investigate feasibility and effectiveness of transforming remotely-gathered critical incidents into usability
problem descriptions, and
<LI>gain insight into various parameters associated with the method.
</UL><br>Master of Science
13
Sharp, Paul. "A critical study of George Russell's method of jazz improvisation." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492386.
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Janzen, Loewen Patricia. "Critical and edifying? A historiography of Christian biography." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3958.
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This dissertation argues that edifying dialogue is an appropriate and satisfying component of historically critical biography. It has been a part of biography. The edifying and critical intent is traced through pre-modern biography to demonstrate that this was the case in the Hebrew, Greek, Roman, Early Christian and Medieval eras. Key authors examined include the author(s) of the Pentateuch, the Gospel writers and the authors of the Biblical epistles, Herodotus, Polybius, Livy, Plutarch, Tacitus, Athanasius, Jerome, Sulpicius Severus, and John Capgrave. It can be a part of biography even given the challenges of contemporary theory posed by the extreme positions of positivism and postmodernism (or their chastened re-formulations). Important authors discussed in this section include Arthur Marwick, Keith Jenkins, David Harlan and Peter Novick. It is a part of some biographies meant for a particular audience (such as feminist works). And hopefully it will be increasingly looked upon as the preferred way of writing biography. My dissertation follows these stages. I begin with what biography has been and argue that the Greek and Roman historians believed that the intent of biography was critical and edifying. In fact, critical and edifying intent is notable also in Biblical and medieval biographies. The next section argues that edifying discourse is compatible with both traditional and postmodern theories of history-writing. The third section of the dissertation moves from theoretical considerations to the work of two notable Christian historians, George Marsden and Harry Stout. I note that these two scholars in particular are, in theory, open to my argument but that they can hesitate to engage in edifying discourse in biography. Finally, I briefly examine a few authors who write edifying and critical biography. Toril Moi, Carolyn Heilbrun, and the Bollandists are discussed in this section.
15
Bassett, Mark Andrew. "The Influence of Training Method on Tone Colour Discrimination." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18925.
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This research addresses the question of whether one of two training methods, identification by continuous adjustment (ICA) or identification by successive approximation (ISA), is more effective in training students using a technical ear training program (TETP). No known empirical studies have examined the effectiveness of either training method within frequency spectrum-based student-targeted TETPs. Preliminary work involved the development of appropriate tests of students’ tone colour discrimination ability in isolation, on tasks sufficiently different from those encountered in TETPs. The tests were then deployed in a pilot study within a pre/post-training scenario using two groups of audio engineering students, one of which undertook an ICA and the other an ISA version of a TETP. These preliminary results indicated the suitability of a test that featured pairwise comparisons of synthetic percussive timbres to show differences in performance between the two training groups. This test was subsequently administered repeatedly in a full-scale study at regular intervals throughout a web-based TETP, in addition to before and after training. Results of the full-scale study showed the individual differences scaling (INDSCAL)-derived stimulus spaces for both groups were similar prior to undertaking the TETP. The ISA group’s post-training results were almost identical to their pre-training results, whereas the ICA groups’ post-training results showed minor, but insignificant differences. Although the full-scale study found insignificant differences in performance between training groups, the preliminary results suggest that the deployment of a pre/post-training test is an effective measure of the training method’s influence on students if the test features a task that is significantly different from those trained on in the TETP.
16
Bassett, Mark Andrew. "The Influence of Training Method on Tone Colour Discrimination." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18013.
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This research addresses the question of whether one of two training methods, identification by continuous adjustment (ICA) or identification by successive approximation (ISA), is more effective in training students using a technical ear training program (TETP). No known empirical studies have examined the effectiveness of either training method within frequency spectrum-based student-targeted TETPs. Preliminary work involved the development of appropriate tests of students’ tone colour discrimination ability in isolation, on tasks sufficiently different from those encountered in TETPs. The tests were then deployed in a pilot study within a pre/post-training scenario using two groups of audio engineering students, one of which undertook an ICA and the other an ISA version of a TETP. These preliminary results indicated the suitability of a test that featured pairwise comparisons of synthetic percussive timbres to show differences in performance between the two training groups. This test was subsequently administered repeatedly in a full-scale study at regular intervals throughout a web-based TETP, in addition to before and after training. Results of the full-scale study showed the individual differences scaling (INDSCAL)-derived stimulus spaces for both groups were similar prior to undertaking the TETP. The ISA group’s post-training results were almost identical to their pre-training results, whereas the ICA groups’ post-training results showed minor, but insignificant differences. Although the full-scale study found insignificant differences in performance between training groups, the preliminary results suggest that the deployment of a pre/post-training test is an effective measure of the training method’s influence on students if the test features a task that is significantly different from those trained on in the TETP.
17
Yeon, Seong Mo. "Large-eddy simulation of sub-, critical and super-critical Reynolds number flow past a circular cylinder." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1518.
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Large-eddy simulations of turbulent flows past a circular cylinder have been performed at sub-, critical and super-critical Re using an orthogonal curvilinear grid solver, CFDship-Iowa version 6.2. An extensive verification and validation study has been carried out. Various aspects of the flow field have been investigated.
The aspect ratio of the computational domain has major effects on the results. In general, large aspect ratio produced best results for the sub-critical Re. Small dependency on both aspect ratio and grid resolution was observed for the critical Re. Small aspect ratio and conservative scheme produced best results for the super-critical Re.
Overall flow features and the drag crisis phenomenon have been correctly predicted. A lot of experimental and numerical studies of flow past a circular cylinder were collected and used for the validation of the present LES study. Integral and local variables were in fairly good agreement for the sub-critical Re. Sharp behavior including drag crisis was predicted for the critical Re. Although some discrepancy including early formation of turbulent separation was observed, local flow structures including separation bubble were observed for the super-critical Re.
The formation of secondary vortex near the cylinder wall and its evolution into separation bubble were observed. The spectral analysis showed that the separation bubble had the instabilities close to the shear layer frequency. The proximity of shear layer to the cylinder enhanced the mixing process of boundary layer and shear layer and led to the formation of separation bubble. A snapshot POD method was used to extract flow structures in the boundary layer, shear layer and wake. In the boundary layer, the secondary vortices and separation bubble were successfully extracted. Due to the weak TKE distribution, specific flow structures were hard to find in the shear layer. Large two-dimensional flow structures representing the Karman shedding vortices were extracted for the sub- and super-critical Re.
18
Moffat, Sandra. "Reading in both directions, a critical autobiographic method of film interpretation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/NQ41245.pdf.
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Hong, Z. "Numerical solution of critical state in superconductivity by finite element method." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604204.
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Bulk high temperature superconductors have increasing potential to be used in a number of devices including motors, levitated transportation, flywheels, cables, transformers and fault current limiters, etc. To optimize the design of such systems, it is necessary to predict their behaviours. The research presented in this thesis aims to fulfil this need by implementing a range of critical state models using finite element method in order to calculate field distributions, current densities, trapped magnetic fields and AC losses. A numerical solver of critical state is proposed which is based on a set of Maxwell’s equations using magnetic field as the known. The equations are used with <i>E-J</i> constitutive law and are incorporated with commercial finite element software to give fast and accurate solutions. Four case studies surrounding the application of using superconducting materials as wires and trapped field magnets are investigated. The phenomenon of MgB<sub>2</sub> wires carrying transport current is investigated in order to determine the AC loss in the wires. Two finite element models based on different assumptions are introduced to solve the AC losses in YBCO coated conductors both in self field and external field conditions. The crossed field effects on bulk high-temperature superconductors are studied. A bulk YBCO single domain is premagnetized with the applied field parallel to their shortest direction and then subjected to several cycles of the application of a transverse magnetic field parallel to the sample surface plane. The decay of magnetization is investigated both experimentally and numerically. The remagnetization process is studied by applying rotational field to a bulk YBCO which has been partially demagnetized by a transverse field. It is shown that all principal features of the experimental data can be reproduced quantitatively or qualitatively by using the model proposed in this thesis.
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Weedman, Mark Edward. "Sacrament and unity a critical examination of William Robinson's theological method /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Currie, Dave. "The apologetic method of Ravi Zacharias a critical appraisal and evaluation /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Mann, Timothy Lee 1950. "Critical path tracing as a diagnostic evaluation method for sequential systems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276675.
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Diagnostic tests are designed to detect and isolate faults in sequential systems. The problem is to evaluate the effectiveness of the design. For stuck faults a diagnostic model can be used. A fault simulation strategy is presented for generating this model. First, definitions, for identifying critical inputs are derived. A definition is a statement of the conditions to sensitize an input. Then a fault free simulation is used to generate a critical value array. A critical path is traced through the sensitized inputs marked in the array using a critical value array tracing algorithm that is developed. This algorithm traces a path back in time, as required for a sequential system, to identify detectable faults for the model.
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Gregory, Victor Paul. "Monte Carlo computer simulation of sub-critical Lennard-Jones particles." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11242009-020125/.
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Kim, Paul Y. "A new method for the critical speed calculation of rotor-bearing systems." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5135.
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Steffen, Adrienne. "Affective reactions to critical experiences in shopping centres; a mixed-method approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510867.
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Alsaqqa, Obada. "Fuzzy Time-Delay Model in Fault-Tree Analysis for Critical Path Method." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429772426.
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Noland, Martin R. "Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutics as the end of the historical-critical method." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Edwards, Melissa Gilbert. "High School Teachers' Perceptions of Developing Critical Thinkers via the Socratic Method." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6555.
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A global concern exists regarding the lack of critical thinking skills in young adults and college graduates. Fortune 500 companies have reported the need for better development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills to prepare employees to be successful in the workplace. This study focused on teacher perceptions of the Socratic method (SM) in developing critical thinking skills in high school students. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative case study was to describe high school teachers' perceptions regarding the development of critical thinkers via the Socratic method. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development was used in this qualitative study to explore perceptions of 7 teachers. The central research question and subquestions that guided this study were focused on teachers' perceptions of the SM and its effectiveness in developing critical thinking skills in high school students. Data were collected with face-to-face interviews with 7 teachers and classroom observations. Data were recorded via a systematic approach with chart and diagrams. Themes, patterns, and any identified relationships were categorized and coded to comprise data tracking. Results indicated that a lack of professional development, teacher comfort level, and student participation all played a role in low SM execution. The resulting project was designed to provide teachers with materials and learning opportunities to increase their SM skill level and stimulate teachers to use their new knowledge to increase critical thinking skills in high school students. The online professional development course evaluation provided both summative and formative assessments. The project contributes to social change by helping improve the way teachers teach and students learn the SM, which may result in improved critical thinking skills in students.
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Govier, Clive E. "The majority text debate: A study in New Testament text-critical method." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/963.
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The aim of textual criticism is to recover the original text of the New Testament. By studying and comparing the many extant manuscripts it is hoped to discover which of them, or the variants they contain, arc closest to the original Text In choosing between the many variant readings, New Testament scholars developed the method of grouping manuscripts into different fom1s of text which fit the pattern of their variants. In contrast to this approach, J. W. Burgan propounded a method later identified as "The Majority Text" approach. This focuses on the Byzantine textual tradition, and assumes that its numerical preponderance is prima facie evidence of a superior text. With the lapse of time, and due to the results of the many studies made of newly discovered papyri, there is growing uncertainty as to the value of the traditional groupings of manuscripts. Both current research and contemporary methods of criticism may indicate that F. J. A. Hort's description of the Byzantine text (Majority text), as late, inferior, and recensional, needs to be reevaluated. There is a loss of methodological consensus; differing ways have emerged of estimating the many variant readings of the New Testament. This depends on whether the critic relies on the supposed history of the text, or prefers to focus on stylistic and philological issues. The need is to find a text-critical method acceptable to all. Recent debate between scholars advocating different approaches to textual criticism has addressed several key theoretical issues, whose outcome determines whether the Majority text method is a viable alternative to other approaches. This study responds to the recommendation of Kurt Aland (1987) that interested students should test the Majority text method, by considering several texts from the Gospels which arc relegated to the critical apparatus of the Greek New Testament (UBS4). This is done by employing Burgan's "Seven Notes of Truth", and the results are compared with Aland's conclusions, as well as with the conclusions of other critics who follow similar or varying methods. Not surprisingly it was found that, of all the verses examined on the basis of the Majority text method, the textual decisions were markedly different from those made by Aland and the UBS editors. In contrast, the Majority text conclusions for half of the verses considered were in agreement with those reached by the more radical approach of G. D. Kilpatrick who was willing to evaluate some Byzantine variants as good readings. The differing approaches indicate that New Testament textual criticism is at a methodological impasse. II is hoped that a clearer understanding of the history of the text will provide an objective basis for making sound textual choices. This quest must include a more exact method of patristic studies to enable the critic to place the Text more accurately in the context of its time and location. If a consensus emerged which accepted that Hart's views of the origins of the Byzantine text are no longer tenable, this may encourage scholars to study Burgon's work more closely, and thereby assess the value of the Majority text method.
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Robinson, Louise Ann. "Facilitated case discussion as a method of multiprofessional, clinical audit." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287841.
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Urrutia, Valdés Erik. "Fungerar kritisk realism i teori och praktik? : En studie om den kritiska realismens analytiska förmågor, med hjälp av en granskning av Tunnelkommissionens slutrapport." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-301880.
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Visionen med tunnelbygget i Hallandsåsen var att det skulle generera vinster på olika plan, men det kom mer att handla om snabba problemlösningar som inte alls blev tidseffektiva. Tunnelkommissionen analyserade problemen och släppte en slutrapport där lösningar föreslagits. Syftet med denna uppsats är att sammanfatta kritisk realism som en vetenskapsteori vars ontologiska och epistemologiska grunder skiljer sig från andra och som därmed behandlar teoretiska och praktiska aspekter annorlunda inom forskning. Därefter ska kritisk-realistiska angreppssätt analyseras i relation till Tunnelkommissionens slutrapport för att sedan kunna se om någon av dem reflekterar svagheter eller styrkor i olika anseenden. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att Tunnelkommissionen har svagheter i deras ställningstagande mot förståelser av grundläggande faktorer och endast finner lösningar som ur ett kritisk-realistiskt perspektiv skulle anses vara temporära. Kritisk realism däremot har svagheter i den bemärkelsen att det är svårt att komma fram med specifika tillvägagångssätt som reflekterar deras ontologiska och epistemologiska grunder i praktiken. Däremot visar denna undersökning att kritisk realism också förmedlar nya insikter inom forskning genom att förmedla nya grundläggande ställningstaganden.
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Lukito, Daniel Lucas. "A critical analysis of the theological method and Christology of Choan-Seng Song." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Kazemi, Parimah. "A Constructive Method for Finding Critical Point of the Ginzburg-Landau Energy Functional." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9075/.
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In this work I present a constructive method for finding critical points of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional using the method of Sobolev gradients. I give a description of the construction of the Sobolev gradient and obtain convergence results for continuous steepest descent with this gradient. I study the Ginzburg-Landau functional with magnetic field and the Ginzburg-Landau functional without magnetic field. I then present the numerical results I obtained by using steepest descent with the discretized Sobolev gradient.
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Kazemi, Parimah Neuberger J. W. "A constructive method for finding critical point of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9075.
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Rosenthal, Daniel Jay. "The critical properties of thermally stable and unstable fluids using a low residence time flow method." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10223.
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Masquelier, Charles. "Labour, knowledge and communication : rethinking the practical content of critical social theory." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7343/.
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In response to the reification of social reality caused, according to the first generation of the Frankfurt School, by the instrumental mastery of nature, Adorno, Horkheimer and Marcuse have elaborated a critique of instrumental reason aimed at providing the theoretical tools for a treatment of the social realm as a field of human practice. Concerned with the risks of reproducing the relationship between humanity and nature hindering human emancipation, they have nevertheless sought to limit the task of critical theory to a theoretical form of resistance, thereby divorcing social theory from the practical orientations found in Marx‟s critique of political economy. It was not until the works of second-generation critical theorist Jürgen Habermas, that one could find a renewed attempt to link theory with the objective conditions of existence thought to be required for human emancipation. With these theoretical developments, however, social theory was effectively stripped of its critique of technology, and became primarily concerned with the problem of human emancipation as a matter strictly regarding intersubjective relations. The present work proposes that the formulation of a social critique oriented towards the institutionalisation of emancipatory practice cannot presuppose or apologise for the instrumental mastery of external nature. It shall be argued that in order to achieve such a task, the critique of instrumental reason elaborated by the first generation of Frankfurt School theorists must be complemented and completed with the broad outline of an institutional framework capable of indicating the conditions of existence required for the actualisation of human emancipation as the labour-mediated reconciliation of humanity with both internal and external nature, and for which the works of G.D.H. Cole provide a potential basis for rethinking critical theory and updating libertarian socialism.
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Brulin, Emet. "Re-Construction for the New : Gilles Deleuze’s Text-Critical Method in Différence et répétition." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Filosofi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-40799.
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This thesis argues, contrary to Gilles Deleuze’s critique of method and disavowal of textuality, that there is a re-constructive textual method at work in Deleuze’s 1968 treatise Différence et répétition. It is a method not for interpretation, representation, or deconstruction but for prolonging and reactivating historical and contemporary texts into the present and for the future. It is demonstrated how Deleuze’s method synthesises temporally and thematically heterogeneous texts and make them resonate with each other. The analysis is conducted, first, through a notion of telling stories as a complementary device to Deleuze’s definition of philosophy as the creation of concepts. Second, by showing how Deleuze – instead of offering solutions – connects, develops, and repeats problems from which the new is drawn. Third, by discussing his positive and re-constructive concept of critique and by arguing that his use of free indirect discourse should be understood as a metaphysical and political tool. Finally, by claiming that Deleuze’s concept of multiplicity can be viewed as a synthetic and methodological device that brings a heterogeneous given together. In concluding, it is proposed that Deleuze draws on tools and technics developed in literature and mathematics, specifically differential calculus and geometry, to develop methods for philosophy. Studying Deleuze’s method in Différence et répétition not only offers a prism for throwing new light on Deleuze’s philosophy through his understudied methodology, but also contributes to the development of innovative philosophically inspired methods for re-constructing the present. In addition, this study shows that while Deleuze pushed continental philosophy beyond its hermeneutic, structuralist, and existentialist heritage, he also contributed to the development of novel methodologies. (For a copy of the full text, do not hesitate to contact me: emet.brulin[at]gmail.com)
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Matushewski, Bradley. "Critical Investigation of the Pulse Contour Method for Obtaining Beat-By-Beat Cardiac Output." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/713.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of two existing pulse contour analysis (PCA) models for estimating cardiac stroke volume from the arterial pressure waveform during kicking ergometer exercise and head-up tilt manoeuvres. Secondly, one of the existing models was modified in an attempt to enhance its performance. In part I, seven healthy young adults repeated two submaximal exercise sessions on a kicking ergometer, each with three different sets of steady-state cardiac output comparisons (pulsed Doppler vs. pulse contour). Across all exercise trials regression results were found to be PCA = 1. 23 x Doppler-1. 38 with an r2 = 0. 51. In part II, eight young and eight older male healthy subjects participated in a head-up tilt experiment. Cardiac output comparisons were again performed during the supine and tilt conditions using pulsed Doppler and pulse contour cardiac output. Regression results revealed that PCA performed best during supine conditions and preferentially on the older subjects. In all instances, impedance-calibrated pulse contour analysis will provide reasonable beat-by-beat cardiac output within very narrow confines and will result in a progressively more significant bias as cardiovascular dynamics change. In addition, it appears that heart rate variability negatively influences beat-by-beat pulse contour cardiac output results, further limiting application of existing models.
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Coșobea, Timeea. "“Asia as Method” Now and Then : Investigating the Critical Concept of Inter-Asia Referencing." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för Asien-, Mellanöstern- och Turkietstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-147570.
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Yin, Tingyun. "The critical spirit in everyday object design : a study of Maywa Denki's creative method." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118499.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 59).<br>Maywa Denki is a Japanese crossover creative company. It is an art studio as well as a toy design company. Maywa Denki saw the value of the meaning expressed in art works, and managed to turn such expression into the attractiveness of products. The possible connection of art and product design is to provide meaning for the public with skillful expression. Such expression has its own techniques, one of which used by Maywa Denki could be traced back to the technique used in ritual objects in traditional culture. Maywa Denki is a successful crossover company because it manages to promote individual expression. Inspired by Maywa Denki products, I proposed my own work "the Floating World". It is based on the observation of individual living condition and it includes graphic design, story-telling, object design and short videos. This thesis analyzed that technique of Maywa Denki, Maywa Denki's crossover product development path and described my own design work.<br>by Tingyun Yin.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Salci, Moses. "A Theoretical Study of Atomic Trimers in the Critical Stability Region." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1257.
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Kim, Jae-Kwon. "Monte-Carlo simulation study of problems of quantum field theory and critical phenomena." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185853.
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In chapter one, we explain briefly the continuum limit, scaling, and high temperature expansion of critical phenomena, Monte Carlo algorithms and fitting. In chapter two, different continuum limits of the Ising model in dimensions (D) 2, 3 and 4 are investigated numerically. The data indicate that triviality occurs for D = 4 and fails for D < 4 in each limit. In chapter three, a relation between the critical exponents of the leading and confluent scaling terms is derived using the finite size scaling argument. We also determine the new scaling variable of the 4D Ising model based on a new Monte Carlo simulation data. In chapter four, a Monte Carlo study of two dimensional diluted Ising systems is reported. It is shown that regular dilution does not affect critical exponents, while a random one does, with critical exponents varying continuously with impurity concentration. The importance of fluctuations in producing such effects is emphasized. In chapter five, a different point of view regarding the critical exponent of the specific heat of the 3D Ising model is presented. Based on the analysis of high temperature expansion, finite size scaling and Monte Carlo data in the symmetric phase of the 3D Ising model, it is shown that logarithmic scaling behavior of specific heat is more consistent than power scaling behavior.
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Bhatkhande, Yogesh Dilip. "Comparison of Traditional and Activity Theory Based Analysis Methods for Verbal Protocol Data." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34221.
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The think aloud method has been used in this research to generate data that
reveals the thoughts of participants of a study while they are performing tasks. The
pioneers of this method, Simon and Ericsson, have provided a method to analyze the
data so as to obtain meaningful results. However, this analysis method is complicated
and time consuming. Most researchers use some form of categorization to perform their
analysis. Critical incidents were used to categorize the data gathered in the tests
conducted as part of this research. This research proposed the use of tenets of Activity
Theory while performing data analysis so that the cultural and environmental aspects
that influence task performance are identified and addressed as part of the analysis. A
data analysis template was created that directs the analyst to follow activity theory while
performing the analysis. Sample data was gathered using the Think Aloud Method. The
results obtained after analyzing this data using the proposed Activity Theory Based
method were compared with those obtained when the same data was analyzed using a
representative traditional method of analysis. The research included positive critical
incidents, negative critical incidents and level of severity of negative critical incidents as
the dependent measures. No significant differences were found between the two
methods based on these dependent measures. Task type had a significant effect on the
number of positive and negative critical incidents identified.<br>Master of Science
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Morrison, Rob. "Culturally-relevant information literacy : a case study /." Digital version available through National-Louis University's Digital Commons; click to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/20/.
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Johansson, Viktor. "How to study the Occurrence of Cascading Effects in Critical Infrastructure : Evaluating and Developing a Method for gathering data on critical infrastructure dependencies." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160656.
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This thesis evaluates and develops a method for studying the occurrence of cascading effects between critical infrastructures. The thesis also analyzes how the results of previous research using the method may have been affected by certain aspects of the method. Applying different inclusion thresholds and exploring how material could be gathered differently, the thesis provides some tentative answers to the value of using newspaper articles when studying cascading effects. In addition, the thesis offers recommendations for future research and policy on the protection of critical infrastructures.
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IKEDA, Keiko, and 佳子 池田. "A Critical Examination of the Interview as a Research Method for Qualitative Language-Based Studies." 名古屋大学大学院国際言語文化研究科, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10082.
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Tahir, Khadija B. M. "A critical assessment of the finite element method for calculating magnetic fields in electron optics." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10585/.
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Pienaar, Petrus Terblanche. "The use of the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method as a method of valuation within the South African property industry: A critical review." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14125.
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The Discounted Cash Flow method of property valuation is a fairly new method and research in other English speaking countries indicated a trend towards the use of the DCF method in preference to the Capitalization method despite an initial hesitance due to the perceived complexity of the method. The aim of this study was therefore to form an understanding if similar perception of complexity exists in South Africa and how these perception influence the perceptions and preference of use of the DCF method of valuation by valuation professionals within the South African context. The research was guided by three specific research questions which probed valuers' methodology preference, valuers' education, and difficulties experienced in accessing data needed for DCF valuation input variables. A mixed method research approach was adopted using questionnaire and document surveys to gather data from valuation professionals, lecturers of valuation education programs accredited with the SACPVP, and the curricula of these programs. The results indicate a general low preference for the use of the DCF method of valuation while the Capitalisation method is indicated as the most preferred method. This low preference was found to be the result of a high degree of difficulty experienced in accessing data needed for DCF valuation input variables. It was also found that the level of valuation education increases the acceptance and preference for the use of the DCF method.
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Al, Marhoon Hussain Hassan. "A Practical Method for Power Systems Transient Stability and Security." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/114.
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Stability analysis methods may be categorized by two major stability analysis methods: small-signal stability and transient stability analyses. Transient stability methods are further categorized into two major categories: numerical methods based on numerical integration, and direct methods. The purpose of this thesis is to study and investigate transient stability analysis using a combination of step-by-step and direct methods using Equal Area Criterion. The proposed method is extended for transient stability analysis of multi machine power systems. The proposed method calculates the potential and kinetic energies for all machines in a power system and then compares the largest group of kinetic energies to the smallest groups of potential energies. A decision based on the comparison can be made to determine stability of the power system. The proposed method is used to simulate the IEEE 39 Bus system to verify its effectiveness by comparison to the results obtained by pure numerical methods.
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Palmerini, Claudia. "On the smoothed finite element method in dynamics: the role of critical time step for linear triangular elements." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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Il metodo agli elementi finiti (FEM) è molto utilizzato per risolvere problemi strutturali in diversi ambiti dell’ingegneria. Negli anni, è stata sviluppata una famiglia di nuovi metodi ottenuta combinando il FEM standard con la tecnica “strain smoothing”, giungendo ai cosiddetti “smoothed finite element method” (SFEM). In questa tesi, l’attenzione è stata concentrata sul node-based SFEM (NS-FEM) e sull'edge-based SFEM (ES-FEM), che appartengono a questa nuova famiglia di metodi. Dopo una literature review, volta a metterne in luce le proprietà e gli aspetti fondamenti, i due metodi sono stati confrontati con il FEM standard. L'implementazione dei due metodi è stata eseguita con il software MATLAB. Lo studio è stato fatto in ambito dinamico, utilizzando due metodi di integrazione numerica nel tempo: il metodo delle differenze centrali e il metodo di Runge-Kutta. Come problema test è stato studiato il problema delle vibrazioni libere di un elemento strutturale in stato piano di tensione. Il confronto è stato portato avanti su due fronti: il costo computazionale dei metodi ed il calcolo del “critical time step”. I risultati hanno mostrato che il NS-FEM e l'ES-FEM hanno un costo maggiore rispetto al FEM standard, mentre, lato critical time step, sono paragonabil al FEM standard.