Tesis sobre el tema "Corals – Reproduction"
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Yeung, Wai-shan Christine y 楊慧珊. "Reproduction and growth of scleractinian corals in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45164071.
Texto completoPuisay, Antoine. "La reproduction sexuée et asexuée des coraux face aux changements environnementaux : Implications pour la conservation et la restauration des récifs coralliens". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP030.
Texto completoClimate change and increasing temperature impact abundance and distribution of thousands of organisms, aquatic and terrestrial, and some ecosystems are particularly sensitive to these global changes. Increasing temperature is the principal threat for coral populations, which are ecological engineers of coral reef ecosystems. While research on coral reefs has first sought to study adult corals, data are still lacking on early life stages of corals. As sexual and asexual reproduction may play a key role in the conservation and restoration of coral reefs, my doctoral research aims to better understand changes on sexual and asexual reproduction in the face of rising temperature. The first axis of my Ph. D. was built on the response of early life stages to increasing temperature, in order to assess whether pre-exposure of early life may improve their ulterior performance. Among the different experiments performed on the genus Acropora, I highlighted 1) a high thermal tolerance (+2-3°C above ambient temperature) of gametes, 2) a higher sensibility of oocytes than sperm to rising temperature exposure, and 3) the pivotal role of gamete thermal history on fertilization output. Finally, I identified optimal pre-exposure conditions in order to maximize fertilization success. While an increasing interest in sexual reproduction was observed these last years, asexual reproduction and fragmentation still remain the main tool to restore damaged reefs. Thus, in the second axis of my doctoral project, I investigated the phenotypic plasticity of corals by growing 3 different species of corals across 3 different environments. Their growth rates, health status and survival probability were determined. Results from this axis showed that differences were observed at the interspecific and intraspecific levels. This work revealed that a selection based on phenotypic plasticity among different life-traits (growth rates and health status) and different environments should allow to increase coral reef restoration strategies. Hence the selection of individuals (asexual reproduction) in a species based on coral common garden experiment allow to identify individuals of interest to use as restoration biological materials. Additionally, thermal pre-conditioning of early life stages (sexual reproduction) is another way to increase efficiency of restoration measures in the face of rising temperature. My doctoral research provided new information regarding physiological and biological processes of scleractinian corals facing environmental changes and proposed new solutions for restorations based on sexual and/or asexual reproduction
Airi, Valentina <1979>. "Reproduction of Mediterranean zooxanthellate and azooxanthellate scleractinian corals along environmental gradients". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6425/.
Texto completoMarchini, Chiara <1984>. "Reproduction and Population Structure in Temperate and Tropical Corals in Relation to Environmental Parameters". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7618/.
Texto completoUnderwood, Jim. "Routine and rare genetic connections in corals off northwest Australia and the implications for conservation". University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0158.
Texto completoStriewski, Sebastian [Verfasser], Ralph [Akademischer Betreuer] Tollrian y Klemens F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Störtkuhl. "Impact of ocean acidification on the reproduction, recruitment and growth of scleractinian corals / Sebastian Striewski. Gutachter: Ralph Tollrian ; Klemens F. Störtkuhl". Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2016. http://d-nb.info/109588414X/34.
Texto completoSherman, Craig D. H. "The importance of fine-scale environmental heterogeneity in determing levels of genotypic diversity and local adaptation". Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060726.114643/index.html.
Texto completoWaller, Rhian G. "The reproductive ecology of deep-water scleractinian corals". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402225.
Texto completoChaves-Fonnegra, Andia. "Increase of Excavating Sponges on Caribbean Coral Reefs: Reproduction, Dispersal, and Coral Deterioration". NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/5.
Texto completoVollmer, Alicia A. "Rare Parthenogenic Reproduction in a Common Reef Coral, Porites astreoides". Thesis, NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/464.
Texto completoKuba, Alyson. "Transgenerational Effects of Thermal Stress: Impacts On and Beyond Coral Reproduction". NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/429.
Texto completoChen, Cynthia. "Clock genes and female reproduction". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4149.
Texto completoVaughan, Cristin A. "Reproductive ecology of the temperate solitary coral balanophyllia elegans /". Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Texto completode, Putron Samantha Julie. "The reproductive ecology of two corals and one gorgonian from sub-tropical Bermuda". Thesis, Swansea University, 2003. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42702.
Texto completoHagman, Derek Kristian. "Reproductive dynamics of coral reef biota at the Flower Gardens /". Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008347.
Texto completoTomascik, Tomas. "The effects of eutrophication on the growth rates, reproductive potential and community structure of the inshore reef-building corals in Barbados, West Indies /". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74000.
Texto completoKabay, Lystina. "Population Demographics and Sexual Reproduction Potential of the Pillar Coral, Dendrogyra cylindrus, on the Florida Reef Tract". NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/433.
Texto completoHellström, Micaela. "Sex and symbionts : New discoveries in local and regional patterns of coral ecology and reproduction". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Systemekologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-56781.
Texto completoCác rạn san hô là một trong những hệ sinh thái có tính đa dạng và bị đe dọa cao nhất trên trái đất. Các áp lực từ con người và nhiệt độ nước biển tăng (SSTs) đã gây ra hiện tượng “tẩy trắng” gây chết san hô ở mức độ cao chưa từng thấy trong thời điểm hiện tại. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là tìm hiểu khả năng của san hô trong thích nghi, phân tán và sống sót nhằm duy trì quần thể. Bài báo số II-III là những nghiên cứu đầu tiên về đặc điểm sinh sản của loài san hô mềm phổ biến, Sarcophyton elegan tại Australia. Bài báo số IV nghiên cứu về phân bố nguồn gen của tảo cộng sinh trong loài san hô Galaxea fascicularis, tập trung vào sự thích nghi với môi trường dọc theo vùng biển Việt Nam, khu vực bị ô nhiễm từ lục địa. Sarcophyton elegans được biết với đặc điểm sinh sản cả vô tính và hữu tính. Loài này là loài sinh sản bằng cách phân tán trứng, với tỷ lệ giới tính là 1:1 và sự sinh sản hữu tính bị khống chế nghiêm ngặt bởi kích cỡ của tập đoàn (Bài báo II, phần phương pháp của Bài báo I). Quá trình tạo trứng kéo dài từ 19 đến 24 tháng với chu kỳ sinh sản lặp lại hàng năm, và sự sinh tinh kéo dài từ 10 đến 12 tháng. Phần lớn giao tử được giải phóng trong một thời gian ngắn sau ngày trăng tròn của tháng 11, nhưng giao tử vẫn được giải phóng trong ngày trăng tròn của các tháng từ tháng 8 đến tháng 1 năm sau. Các polyp autozooid nằm phía ngoài của tập đoàn giải phóng giao tử trước, sau đó là các polyp nằm gần lõi trong các tháng tiếp theo. Các tập đoàn ngược lên trong dòng chảy thịnh hành đẻ trứng sớm hơn các tập đoàn xuôi dòng khoảng một tháng (Bài báo II). Các tập đoàn được sắp xếp thành từng đám từ 7 đến hàng trăm tập đoàn trong mỗi nhóm, bao gồm cả đực và cái. Các tập đoàn trong cùng một nhóm sinh sản cùng một thời điểm. (Bài báo II) và mỗi nhóm có cùng một kiểu di truyền (Bài báo III) có đầy đủ 13 (có thể là 22) kiểu di truyền khác nhau. Sự phân đôi và kết đôi phụ thuộc hoàn toàn vào kích thước và có lẽ là phương thức mở rộng phổ biến nhất. Sự phân đôi phải mất 2 năm hoặc hơn mới hoàn thành. Thêm vào đó, con cái trải qua quá trình phân đôi thành kích cỡ có khả năng sinh sản cao nhất (Bài báo III). Có 6 nhóm haplotypes (mtDNA) của loài G. fascicularis và tảo cộng sinh Symbiodinium (ITS2 rDNA) không đóng cặp với nhau nhưng lại gắn với các yếu tố môi trường, có thể như kết quả của phương thức sinh sản của vật chủ (Bài báo IV). Vật chủ có sự phân vùng rõ rệt giữa gần bờ và xa bờ, với sự đa dạng cao hơn hẳn của các rạn xa bờ so với các rạn gần bờ, khu vực thường xuyên bị độ đục, ô nhiễm và lắng đọng trầm tích tác động. Tảo cộng sinh Symbiodinium D1a ITS2 điểm hình của sự phân vùng gần bờ và xa bờ. Ngược lại, 5 loại C khác lại có sự phân vùng theo vĩ tuyến, với sự tăng lên rõ rệt theo chiều Bắc-Nam, cùng với sự ổn định SST và sự tăng lên của các SST. Nghiên cứu này đã chỉ rõ tầm quan trọng trong bảo vệ các loài san hô và tảo biển bản địa tại các khu vực bị đe dọa (Bài báo IV) và sự cần thiết phải hiểu các phương thức sinh sản (Bài báo II-III) và các thông số môi trường trong việc xác định mức độ đa dạn sinh học và sự hấp thụ của sinh vật cộng sinh trong san hô cứng và san hô mềm.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
Starbuck, Melanie J. "Factors affecting reproductive efficiency of cattle". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4301.
Texto completoTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 150 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-149).
Hunt, von Herbing Ione. "Reproduction and recruitment in the bluehead wrasse Thalassoma bifasciatum in Barbados". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61833.
Texto completoTorrents, Oriol. "Biologie des populations du corail rouge Corallium rubrum (L. 1758) de Méditerranée nord-occidentale". Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22072.pdf.
Texto completoThe precious Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum (L. 1758) is a long–lived colonial sessile octocorallian which develops a red calcareous skeleton well–appreciated since antiquity for its value in jewellery and ornamentation. Professional harvesting, poaching and mass mortality events associated with positive thermal anomalies are the major sources of disturbance for this species. These disturbances have caused a marked decrease both in the abundance and size of colonies in the present populations. The persistence of these populations is linked to management and conservation plans constructed using reliable information about both main life history traits and population dynamics. Despite its value meaning, little is known about the biology and ecology of red coral. The main goals of this study is to provide data about significant life history traits (growth and reproduction) of red coral populations dwelling along the Mediterranean French rocky coasts in order to contribute our understanding of the biology and ecology of this species. In addition, this study will provide information about the effects of mass mortality events on red coral populations in order to better understand how these disturbances affect its population dynamics. The mean growth rate of red coral colonies was 0. 15 mm per year in diameter. Despite the large number of populations studied, growth rates remained stable across a wide variety of habitats analysed. Habitat comparisons were made between cave entrance vs cave interior, 20 vs 40 m depth and Calanques region vs west coast of Corsica Island. However, fecundity (number of mature gonads per polyp) analysed on the same populations seems only to be influenced by food availability. Thus, red coral populations dwelling at the entrance of caves showed larger fecundity than populations dwelling at the interior of the same caves. On the other hand, populations dwelling in contrasted depths (18 – 22 m vs 39 – 42 m) did not show any significant differences on fecundity. The study of reproduction biology of red coral has been completed by studies on reproductive cycle, sex ratio (1:1 overall studied populations), age and size at first reproduction (less than 3 cm corresponding to 7 – 10 years), differential gonad maturity in contrasted locations in both cave and depth factors analyses, inter-annual variability on fecundity (it seems to be low along three years) and the effects of mass mortality events on red coral fecundity. Finally, experiments on thermal tolerance in aquaria have been performed using two populations dwelling at contrasted depths (11 – 14 vs 39 – 42 m). The upper thermal limit was 25 °C. At this temperature, red coral colonies showed necrosis after 10 – 15 days. Polyp activity and calcification was also affected by increase of seawater temperature. Three experiments indicate that colonies from shallow populations had greater thermal tolerance to elevated temperatures than those from the deeper ones. In conclusion, this study furnished data to complete information about population dynamics of red coral. It is the aim of this study is to contribute to the development of mathematical models that can be used to explore the response of red coral populations under different disturbance regimes, as well as to facilitate future research about genetic or environmental factors which can modulate responses of these populations to environmental changes associated to climate change. Finally, these informations will help to improve both management and conservation plans
Coeti, Rafaela Zani. "Biologia reprodutiva da cobra coral verdadeira Micrurus lemniscatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (SQUAMATA: ELAPIDAE)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-18102016-173519/.
Texto completoRecent studies about the genus Micrurus, popularly known as “true coral snakes”, divide this taxon in two morphologically distinct groups: the group which has black rings arranged in monads (BRM) and the group which has black rings in triads (BRT) and, based on macroscopic morphology, it is assumed that these groups have different reproductive strategies. Therefore, this research analyzes and describes male and female Micrurus lemniscatus reproductive biology of some regions in Brazil. M. lemniscatus is a species complex with polyphyletic evidence, consisting of four subspecies: Micrurus l. carvalhoi, Micrurus l. helleri, Micrurus l. diutius and M. l. lemniscatus, which inhabit the Atlantic rainforest, Cerrado and Amazon rainforest. For such, animals of herpetological collections were used to obtain biometric and meristic data. In addition, these specimens were dissected and their gonads measured and collected for morphological and histological analyzes. Other features related to reproductive biology were examined, such as the presence of sexual dimorphism, macroscopic and microscopic morphology, gonadal differentiation during the seasons, and sperm storage. The reproductive cycle of Micrurus lemniscatus carvalhoi from Atlantic forest and Cerrado was studied separately from the reproductive cycle of Micrurus lemniscatus lemniscatus from the Amazon forest and the comparison between them shows considerably differences, so it is likely that the habitat is influencing the cycle of these subspecies, which can generate a reproductive barrier and future speciation between them
Massé, Lola. "Comparaison de la reproduction sexuée et du recrutement des coraux scléractiniaires entre un récif tropical (La Réunion) et subtropical (Afrique du Sud) du sud-ouest de l’océan Indien". Thesis, La Réunion, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LARE0025/document.
Texto completoCoral reproduction and recruitment in Scleractinia were compared between the subtropical reefs of South Africa and the tropical reefs of Reunion to assess variations between contrasting environments. In addition, coral larvae and juvenile polyps were exposed to elevated temperature in aquarium to simulate global warming. The two targeted species, Acropora austera and Platygyra daedalea, exhibited the same reproductive mode (hermaphroditic broadcast spawner), gamete development (5-6 months) and breeding seasonality (October to February) in South Africa and Reunion. Coral fecundity was nevertheless higher in South Africa than in Reunion. A. austera and P. certaine limite.AbstractCoral reproduction and recruitment in Scleractinia were compared between the subtropical reefs of South Africa and the tropical reefs of Reunion to assess variations between contrasting environments. In addition, coral larvae and juvenile polyps were exposed to elevated temperature in aquarium to simulate global warming. The two targeted species, Acropora austera and Platygyra daedalea, exhibited the same reproductive mode (hermaphroditic broadcast spawner), gamete development (5-6 months) and breeding seasonality (October to February) in South Africa and Reunion. Coral fecundity was nevertheless higher in South Africa than in Reunion. A. austera and P. daedalea produced respectively 43 and 100% more oocytes per polyp than their Reunion counterparts. The recruitment rate was also higher on the subtropical reefs of South Africa (548 recruits m2 year-1) compared to Reunion (305 recruits m2 year-1). Recruitment was dominated by Pocilloporidae at the two localities, followed by Acroporidae in South Africa and Poritidae in Reunion. In South Africa, an increase in sea temperature of 2°C strongly affected the larval development of the sensitive A. austera, while the more robust P. daedalea sustained temperatures up to 4°C (i.e. 30°C) above ambient. In Reunion, diminished fecundity and recruitment rate seemed to be an indicator of reef perturbation. In contrast in South Africa, the high reproductive effort and larval supply in corals associated with the low levels of disturbance on the reefs may favour coral adaptation, to some extent, under global change
Carr, Daniel. "Canopy Disturbance and Reproduction in Cornus florida L". VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2245.
Texto completoSier, Christopher J. S. "The reproductive biology and histology of three species of scleractinian corals from the Republic of Maldives, Indian Ocean". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242358.
Texto completoBrooke, Sandra Dawn. "Reproductive ecology of a deep-water scleractinian coral, Oculina Vericosa from the South East Florida shelf". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249955.
Texto completoLacks, Amy L. "Reproductive ecology and distritution of the scleractinian coral Fungia scutaria in Kane‘ohe Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i". Thesis, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/16333.
Texto completoThesis (M. A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2000. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-74).
Redwine, Angela. "REPRODUCTION AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF CORNUS FLORIDA ACROSS AN URBAN LANDSCAPE GRADIENT". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3136.
Texto completoVaskivuo, T. (Tommi). "Regulation of apoptosis in the female reproductive system". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514266676.
Texto completoZuccaro, Destefani Ilaria. "Reproductive output of the solitary zooxanthellate coral Balanophyllia europaea (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae) along a natural pH gradient at Panarea Island". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20402/.
Texto completoSouthey, Katherine. "Spawning and spatial movement in the bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum) at Barbados, West Indies". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61036.
Texto completoTarso, Gusmão da Silva Saulo De. "HEMODYNAMICS STUDIES OF THE PREOVULATORY FOLLICLE AND CORPUS LUTEUM IN CATTLE". OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1104.
Texto completoNascimento, Gabriel Artur Marciano do. "Avaliação da eficiência luteolítica de diferentes doses de cloprostenol sódico e dinoprost trometamina administradas nos dias 4 e 11 do ciclo estral de fêmeas bovinas de corte /". Jaboticabal, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191070.
Texto completoResumo: No presente estudo os objetivos foram avaliar a resposta luteolítica de meia dose (50%) ou dose inteira (100%) de cloprostenol sódico (CS) e dinoprost trometamina (DT) administrados em fêmeas bovinas de corte não lactantes cíclicas, nas fases de metaestro e diestro do ciclo estral (4 ou 11 dias após a ovulação (D0), respectivamente), quanto a: dinâmica luteínica, vascularização central e periférica, quantificação de pixels na área vascularizada do CL e dosagem de progesterona sérica (Exp.1) e morfometria das células luteínicas, imunomarcação de caspase-3 e dosagem de progesterona (P4; Exp.2). No Exp. 1, 54 fêmeas tiveram a ovulação sincronizada e receberam os seguintes tratamentos: CS 0 µg (CS0%; n=3/ grupo), CS 250 µg (CS50%; n=5/D4 e n=7/D11), CS 500 µg (CS100%; n=5/ grupo), DT 0 mg (DT0%; n=2/ grupo), DT 12,5 mg (DT50%; n=5/D4 e n=6/D11) ou DT 25 mg (DT100%; n=5/D4 e n=6/D11). No Exp. 2, 25 fêmeas foram sincronizadas, alocadas nos tratamentos no D4 e D11: CS50%; CS100%; DT50%; DT100% (n=3/ grupo, exceto DT100% no D11, n=2) e abatidas dois dias após. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA em arranjo fatorial (2x2x3, no Exp. 1 e 2x2x2, no Exp. 2) com medidas repetidas no tempo (exceto para morfometria e imunomarcação) e teste de Tukey, com significância a 5%. No Exp. 1, animais avaliados no D4 apresentaram redução numérica da concentração de P4, das dimensões e vascularização luteais. Já animais avaliados a partir de D11 apresentaram redução para todos os parâmetros avaliados a... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In the present study the objectives were to evaluate the luteolytic response of half-dose (50%) or full dose (100%) of sodium cloprostenol (SC) and dinoprost tromethamine (DT) administered in beef cattle cyclic non-lactating, at the metaestrous and diestrous stages of the estrous cycle (4 or 11 days after ovulation (D0), respectively), regarding: luteal dynamics, central and peripheral vascularization, quantification of pixels in vascularized area of CL and serum progesterone levels (Exp.1) and luteal cell morphometry, caspase-3 immunolocation and progesterone levels (P4; Exp.2). In Exp. 1, 54 females were synchronized ovulation and received the following treatments: SC0µg (SC0%; n=3/group), SC250µg (SC50%; n=5/D4 and n=7/D11), SC500µg (SC100%; n=5/group), DT0mg (DT0%; n=2/group), DT12.5mg (DT50%; n=5/D4 and n=6/D11) or DT25mg (DT100%; n=5/D4 and n=6/D11). In Exp. 2, 25 females were synchronized, assigned to treatments on D4 and D11: SC50%; SC100%; DT50%; DT100% (n=3/group, except DT100% on D11, n=2) and slaughtered two days later. Data were analyzed by ANOVA in factorial arrangement (2x2x3, in Exp. 1 and 2x2x2, in Exp. 2) with repeated measures in time (except for morphometry and immunolocation) and Tukey test, at 5% level of significance. In Exp. 1, animals evaluated in D4 showed numerical reduction of P4 levels, luteal dimensions and vascularization. Animals evaluated at D11 showed reduction for all parameters evaluated over the experimental moments. The use of 50% or 100%... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Mosher, Celeste V. "Commensalism and Reproductive Biology of the Brittle Star Ophiocreas oedipus Associated with the Octoral Metallogorgia melanotrichos on the New England Corner Rise Seamounts". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MosherCV2008.pdf.
Texto completoJardin, Catherine. "Biologie de la reproduction de quelques coraux scleractiniaires en polynesie francaise : application a la restauration d'un site lagonaire degrade". Pacifique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PACI0008.
Texto completoSt, Gelais Adam T. "Reproductive Ecology of Siderastrea siderea: Histological Analysis of Gametogenesis, Spawning, and Latitudinal Fecundity Variation". NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/200.
Texto completoDe, Marchis Hayley. ""The Effects of Ocean Warming and Sedimentation on the Survival and Growth of Acropora cervicornis" and "Differential Prevalence of Chimerism during Embryogenesis in Corals"". NSUWorks, 2017. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/463.
Texto completoKornder, Niklas Alexander. "Using Regression-Based Effect Size Meta-Analysis to Investigate Coral Responses to Climate Change". NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/415.
Texto completoGalvão, António Miguel Gonçalves Travassos. "New insights in the immuno-endocrine regulation of equine reproduction : in vitro studies on luteal and endometrial function". Doctoral thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3738.
Texto completoCoordination of reproductive events in the ovary and uterus demands the action of diverse factors as steroid hormones, eicosanoids, growth factors or cytokines on the regulating of processes such as angiogenesis, cell growth and differentiation, and apoptosis. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), interferon gamma (IFNG) and Fas Ligand (FASL) on the regulation of secretory function, angiogenesis, cell viability and apoptosis in the equine: (i) corpus luteum (CL) during luteal establishment and functional and structural regression; and (ii) endometrium during follicular phase (FP) and mid luteal phase (MLP), at cell, gene and molecular levels. All studied cytokine ligands and receptors were expressed in the equine CL, throughout the luteal phase, and in the endometrium, throughout the estrous cycle. During CL growth, TNF was shown to stimulate in vitro P4 and PGE2, to inhibit PGF2α secretion and to increase VEGF expression and angiogenic factors production. Thus, among all cytokines studied, TNF might give a luteotrophic contribution for CL establishment. Conversely, during CL regression, all cytokines alone reduced P4 and PGE2 secretion, while both FASL and TNF stimulated PGF2α secretion. TNF and IFNG reduced angiogenic factors secretion and FASL decreased VEGF expression. Cytokine association (TNF+IFNG+FASL) effectively promoted apoptosis and reduced luteal cell viability. Besides, they stimulated PGF2α and inhibited P4, PGE2 secretion and angiogenesis. In conclusion, cytokines interaction appears to coordinate functional and structural luteolysis in the mare. Concerning TNF role on endometrial cells, it can be concluded that during MLP, this cytokine stimulated PGE2 secretion, promoted angiogenic activity and NO secretion and increased endometrial cells viability. The interaction between TNF, oxytocin and steroid hormones was shown to be determinant for physiologic regulation of equine endometrium.
RESUMO - Novas perspectivas na regulação imuno-endócrina da reprodução equina: estudos in vitro da função lútea e endometrial. - A coordenação da função reprodutora no ovário e no útero requer a participação de diversos factores como hormonas esteróides, eicosanóides, factores de crescimento ou citocinas, responsáveis por regular processos biológicos como a angiogénese, o crescimento e diferenciação celular e a apoptose. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objectivo avaliar a influência das citocinas factor de necrose tumoral α (FNT), interferão gama (IFNG) e Fas Ligando (FASL) na regulação da função secretora, angiogénese, viabilidade celular e apoptose: (i) no corpo lúteo (CL) durante o seu estabelecimento e regressão funcional e estrutural; e (ii) no endométrio durante as fases folicular (FF) e lútea média (FLM), a nível celular, molecular e genético na égua. A expressão de todos os ligandos e receptores das citocinas estudadas foi confirmada no CL, ao longo da fase lútea, e no endométrio, ao longo do ciclo éstrico. Durante o crescimento do CL, FNT estimulou a produção in vitro de P4 e PGE2, inibiu a secreção de PGF2α e aumentou a expressão de VEGF e a produção de factores angiogénicos. Desta forma, de todas as citocinas estudadas, FNT poderá contribuir como factor luteotrófico para o estabelecimento do CL. Contrariamente, aquando da regressão lútea, todas as citocinas individualmente reduziram a secreção de P4 e PGE2, enquanto FASL e FNT estimularam a secreção de PGF2α. FNT e IFNG inibiram a secreção de factores angiogénicos e FASL diminuiu a expressão de VEGF. A associação de citocinas FNT+IFNG+FASL promoveu de forma efectiva a apoptose e a redução da viabilidade das células lúteas. Além disso, estimulou a secreção de PGF2α e diminuiu as de P4 e PGE2, bem como inibiu a angiogénese. Concluindo, a interacção entre as várias citocinas parece coordenar a regressão funcional e estrutural do CL na égua. Considerando o papel do TNF nas células endometriais, conclui-se que, durante a FLM, este factor estimulou a secreção de PGE2, promoveu a produção de factores angiogénicos e de NO e aumentou a viabilidade das células endometriais. A interacção entre o FNT, a ocitocina e as hormonas esteróides provou ser determinante para a regulação fisiológica do endométrio equino.
Fleyfel, Mimi. "La traduction des titres de presse économique : analyse et reproduction stylistique et rhétorique". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA039/document.
Texto completoThis research aims at exploring problematic issues relating to the translation of headlines in popular, economic magazines. Hence, it means to derive relevant empirical observations and propose a translation theory adapted to the headlines in question.With that objective in mind, we have allotted the initial part of our research to the theoretical and practical approaches encountered in translation studies and examined the various elements at work during the translation process. We have also proposed a model of translation adapted to headlines and their linguistic and stylistic characteristics. This approach calls for an analytical exploration of the source text at the linguistic and stylistic levels in order to establish an equivalence that reflects its structural formation and preserves its impact, on the one hand, and conveys its rhetorical effects, on the other. Such an approach is also decisive in establishing the process to follow to deliver the equivalence being sought through three types of translation: bijective, injective, surjective, or free. In the empirical part of our study, we have analyzed two selected bodies based on the types of translation proposed. The analysis of the first body was meant to evaluate the degree of adequacy of each rendition in terms of semantic relevancy and functionality. The analysis of the second body, which is made up of headlines selected for their stylistic peculiarities, was meant to establish illustrative equivalences of the configurative transmissional model we have proposed.In the concluding part of our research, we have formulated observations of all the processes studied in the selected bodies and in the proposed model
McMahon, Nicholas J. "Optimization of Light Irradiance During the Early Life of Sexually-Produced Porites astreoides and Agaricia agaricites Recruits". Thesis, NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/493.
Texto completoMacêdo, Luã Barbalho de. "Imunolocalização de receptores de leptina no ovário de preás (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831)". Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, 2017. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/637.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Leptin, a cytokine produced by adipose cells, is the target of the scientific community for believing that it has an impact on the reproduction of the animals promoting puberty, folliculogenesis and oogenesis, estrous cycle and aiding in fertilization. The understanding of the mechanisms controlling the reproductive activity of Spix's Yellow-toothed Cavy (Galea spixii) plays a relevant role in the preservation of the species. Thus, the present work proposed to analyze the immunolocalization of leptin receptors (Ob-R) in the ovary of cavies. Ovaries from 20 adult, non-pregnant, healthy females were collected. The samples were fixed in 4% phosphate buffered paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sectioned for immunohistochemistry. The sections were photomicrographs and intensity of the reaction was measured. Strong immunoreaction was observed in oocyte and theca cells, moderate in ovarian stromal cells and large luteal cells and weak stained in granulosa, endothelial, perivascular and small luteal cells. When compared to receptor expression along follicular development it was observed that the oocyte and the theca cells remained with expression at the same intensity. However, the granulosa cells presented strong stained in the preantral stages, whereas in the antral follicles it presented low intensity. We conclude that in the ovaries of Galea spixii there is the presence of Ob-R in the main structures of the ovary sugesting that this hormone plays a fundamental role in the reproduction of this species
A leptina, uma citocina produzida pelas células adiposas, possui ação na reprodução dos animais promovendo a puberdade, foliculogênese e oogênese, ciclo estral e auxiliando na fecundação. A compreensão dos mecanismos que controlam a atividade reprodutiva de preás (Galea spixii) possui papel relevante para a preservação da espécie. Desta forma, o presente trabalho propôs analisar a imunolocalização dos receptores de leptina (Ob-R) no ovário de preás. Coletaram-se os ovários de 20 fêmeas adultas, não prenhes e saudáveis. As amostras foram fixadas em paraformaldeído a 4% em tampão fosfato, incluídas em parafina e seccionadas para a realização de imunohistoquímica. As secções foram fotomicrografadas e avaliadas quanto à intensidade da reação. Observou-se forte imunorreação no oócito e nas células da teca, moderada nas células do estroma ovariano e nas células luteínicas grandes e fracamente coradas nas células da granulosa, endoteliais, perivasculares e células luteínicas pequenas. Quando comparado a expressão de receptores ao longo do desenvolvimento folicular foi observado que o oócito e as células da teca se mantiveram com expressão na mesma intensidade. Entretanto, as células da granulosa apresentaram forte marcação nos estádios pré-antrais enquanto que nos folículos antrais apresentou fraca intensidade. Concluímos que em ovários de Galea spixii existe a presença de Ob-R nas principais estruturas do ovário sugerindo que este hormônio desempenhe papel fundamental na reprodução desta espécie
2017-03-30
Neri, Humberto Luis Del Hoyo. "Perfil de progesterona sérica em fêmeas bovinas utilizando implantes vaginais em diferentes situações fisiológicas". Universidade Jose do Rosario Vellano, 2013. http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/139.
Texto completoProgesterone (P4) is an important steroid hormone in FTAI programs. Hormonal protocols used in FTAI programs involve considerable financial values, in which P4 represents 43% of the total cost. The P4 release process from vaginal implants occurs by passive diffusion, i.e., the drug release is driven by concentration gradient and enhanced by the contact area between the implant and vaginal epithelium. Given the importance of P4 in the protocols and the significance of this steroid in the treatment costs, several studies described the reutilization of P4 vaginal implants as an alternative to make this technology feasible. However, the results are controversial and the pattern of P4 releasing from vaginal implants used in cows with different luteal activity (amount of endogenous P4 synthesis) is not yet described. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the P4 profile in cows with different luteal activity treated with a new vaginal implant (1g of P4) for 8 days; evaluate and compare to each other and to a new vaginal implant the P4 releasing from implant previously used in females with different endogenous progesterone conditions; and correlate progesterone releasing from new and used (second use) implants with follicular dynamics. For this purpose, two experiments were performed. Experiment 1: Group 1(G1a) with corpus luteum during all treatment period; Group 2 (G2a) with corpus luteum during half of treatment period; Group 3 (G3a) without corpus luteum. At the beginning of treatment (D0), G1a and G2a animals had a functional corpus luteum which was formed eight days prior to implant insertion. Three day after implant insertion (D3), 0.15 mg of D-cloprostenol were administered in G2a animals. The G3a animals (n=10) started the treatment without ovarian luteal activity. Blood samples were collected on D0 in the morning and afternoon, D3, D5 and D8. P4 concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Average P4 concentrations in each collection were compared by Tukey s test. G1a and G2a was different from G3a on D0 (5,3+3,1a; 5,3+1,4a and 0,6+0,3b ng/mL, respectively (p<0,05)) and on D3 (5,7+2,6a; 5,4+1,95a and 3,6+0,8b ng/mL, respectively (p<0,05)). On D5, 36 hours after PGF administration, P4 concentration of G2a became similar to G3a and both were different from G1a (G1a=3,3+1,6a, G2a=2,4+0,9b and G3a=2,1+0,7b ng/mL (p<0,05)). On D8, the groups maintained the same characteristics (G1a=3,1+1,3a, G2a=1,8+0,8b and G3a=1,6+0,6b ng/mL (p<0,05)). Furthermore, the difference in the P4 serum concentration between D3 and D0 were lower in G1a and G2a than in G3a (G1a=0,4+1,8a; G2=0,2+1,4a e G3=2,8+0,9b ng/mL (p<0,05)). In experiment 2, the same animals were reallocated into 4 groups without CL. Group 1(G1b) implants from G1a of Exp1; Group 2 (G2b) implants from G2a of Exp1; Group 3 (G3b) implants from G3a of Exp1; and Group 4 (G4b) new implants. There is no difference in the number of animals with P4 lower than 1 ng/mL (G1b = 16.7%, G2b = 66%, G3b = 50% and, G4b = 0; P=0,14) and in the number of times that this occurred in relation to the amount of samples evaluated (G1b = 12.5 %, G2b = 22.9 %, G3b = 12.5 % and, G4b = 0; P=0,07), i.e., there were no P4 releasing pattern from used implants and only new implants properly maintained the concentration of this hormone. The average follicular growth rate (G1b = 1,0+0,5; G2b = 1,0+0,3; G3b = 0,7+0,5 e G4b = 0,8+0,3) mm/day) and the diameter of the largest follicle on D8 (G1b = 13,0+3,3; G2b = 12,0+2,3; G3b = 10,5+2,9 e G4b = 11,4+0,6 mm) were also not affected by the releasing pattern of the implants. In conclusion, animals with CL and endogenous P4 during FTAI protocols consumed less P4 from the implants when compare to animals without CL; new P4 vaginal implants maintained adequate levels of P4 for TFAI, regardless the physiological condition of the treated animal; implants previously used by animals with different ovarian activity did not maintain the P4 profile similar to that observed with new implants; follicular dynamics was not changed by the lack of P4 releasing pattern from the used implants when compared to new implants; despite the greater progesterone release, did not affect follicular development pattern in heifers.
A progesterona (P4) é imprescindível para a aplicação da técnica de Inseminação Artificial em Tempo Fixo (IATF). Os protocolos hormonais utilizados para a IATF movimentam importante valor financeiro, em que a P4 representa 43 % do custo total. A liberação da P4 pelos dispositivos vaginais ocorre por difusão passiva, ou seja, a droga é liberada obedecendo gradiente de concentração, potencializado pela área de superfície de contato entre o dispositivo e o epitélio vaginal. Dada a importância desse esteroide nos protocolos, vários estudos descrevem a reutilização dos dispositivos como uma alternativa de viabilizar a técnica. No entanto, os resultados são controversos e não há uma descrição sobre o padrão de liberação da P4 de implantes utilizados em vacas em diferentes etapas do ciclo estral. Os objetivos foram: 1) avaliar o perfil de P4, de implantes novos contendo 1g de P4, utilizados por 8 dias, em fêmeas com diferentes condições de atividade ovariana luteal; 2) avaliar e comparar entre si e em relação a um dispositivo novo, a liberação de P4 de implantes previamente usados em fêmeas com diferentes condições de progesterona endógena e 3) correlacionar a liberação de progesterona de implantes de 1º e 2º uso com a dinâmica de desenvolvimento folicular. Para isso, foram realizados dois experimentos. Exp. 1: Grupo 1 (G1a): com corpo lúteo durante todo o tratamento; Grupo 2 (G2a): com corpo lúteo a metade do tratamento e Grupo 3 (G3a): sem corpo lúteo. Os animais dos Grupos G1a e G2a iniciaram o tratamento (D0) com um corpo lúteo funcional, formado oito dias antes da inserção do implante. No G2a, foi aplicada , três dias após a inserção do implante, D3, (0,15 mg de D-cloprostenol) visando luteólise. Os 10 animais do G3a iniciaram o tratamento sem atividade ovariana luteal. Duas amostras de sangue foram coletadas no D0, pela manhã e à tarde, e no D3, no D5 e no D8, à tarde. O nível de P4 foi obtido por radioimunoensaio (RIA). As médias de P4 das amostras foram comparadas pelo teste de tukey. G1a e G2a diferenciaram de G3a no D0 (5,3+3,1a; 5,3+1,4a e 0,6+0,3b ng/mL, respec. (p<0,05)) e no D3 (5,7+2,6a; 5,4+1,95a e 3,6+0,8b ng/mL, respec. (p<0,05)). Em D5, 36 horas após a PGF do G2a, este passou a níveis semelhantes a G3a e ambos se diferenciaram de G1a (G1a=3,3+1,6a, G2a=2,4+0,9b e G3a=2,1+0,7b ng/mL (p<0,05)) e no D8 os grupos mantiveram as mesmas características (G1a=3,1+1,3a, G2a=1,8+0,8b e G3a=1,6+0,6b ng/mL (p<0,05)). Além disso, a diferença entre o nível sérico de D3 e D0 também foi diferente de G1a e G2a quando comparadas com G3a (G1a=0,4+1,8a; G2=0,2+1,4a e G3=2,8+0,9b ng/mL (p<0,05)). Exp. 2: Os mesmos animais foram redistribuídos e, desta vez, divididos em quatro grupos sem a presença de CL. Grupo 1 (G1b): implantes do G1a, Exp. 01; Grupo 2 (G2b): implantes do G2a, Exp. 01; Grupo 3(G3b): dispositivos de G3a, Exp. 1 e Grupo 4(G4b): implantes novos. Não houve diferença no percentual de animais que apresentaram P4 abaixo de 1 ng/mL durante o tratamento (G1b = 16,7%; G2b = 66%; G3b = 50% e G4b = 0; (p=0,14)) e no número de vezes que isso ocorreu em relação à quantidade de amostras avaliadas (G1b = 12,5 %; G2b = 22,9 %; G3b = 12,5 % e G4b = 0; (p=0,07)), ou seja, não houve padrão na liberação de P4 de implantes reutilizados e somente os implantes novos mantiveram níveis adequados desse hormônio. A média das taxas de crescimento folicular (mm/dia) (G1b = 1,0+0,5; G2b = 1,0+0,3; G3b = 0,7+0,5 e G4b = 0,8+0,3) e o diâmetro (mm) do maior folículo em D8 (G1b = 13,0+3,3; G2b = 12,0+2,3; G3b = 10,5+2,9 e G4b = 11,4+0,6) também não foram alterada pelo perfil de liberação a partir dos dispositivos. Diante desses resultados, conclui-se que animais com a presença de CL e P4 endógena durante o protocolo de IATF consomem menor quantidade de P4 dos implantes que animais sem CL; implantes de P4 novos mantêm níveis satisfatórios de P4 para a IATF, independentemente da condição fisiológica da fêmea tratada; dispositivos reutilizados oriundos de animais em diferentes condições de ciclicidade não mantêm perfis de progesterona semelhantes àqueles do uso prévio (1º uso); a dinâmica folicular não foi alterada em função da ausência de padrão na liberação de P4 dos implantes reutilizados quando comparados a implantes novos e que Implantes novos, a despeito da maior liberação de progesterona, não interferem no padrão de desenvolvimento folicular em novilhas.
Abdo, Michael A. "Tumour necrosis factor : alpha signal transduction in rat corpus luteum apoptosis". University of Western Australia. School of Anatomy and Human Biology, 2002. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2003.0024.
Texto completoPretorius, Willem S. "An alternative approach to premature luteal regression". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17406.
Texto completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: Premature luteal regression occurs on average in 30% of superovulated sheep ewes. This phenomenon occurs early in the cycle before the embryo’s can be collected and is a major contributor to failure in embryo transfer programs. This research was done to understand the physiological mechanisms involved. Chapter two provides a general background of the physiology of natural luteolysis and the maternal recognition of pregnancy. The chapter introduces some new concepts on the topic of cell death and provides a recent literature review on research done on the phenomenon of premature luteal regression. This chapter forms the base of ideas and arguments that follows in the two studies containing new original work in this field. The research contained in this thesis comprises of two in vivo studies. The first study (Chapter 3) compare premature luteal regression to Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) induced regression with emphasis on the changes in levels of the steroid hormones progesterone (P4) and estradiol - 17β (E2-17β) and changes in structure and ultra structure. The following conclusions were made: 1. Premature luteal regression is not merely inadequate luteal support, but indeed early luteal regression, since seasonal influences could merely be nutritional influences, and a definitive increase in P4 were recorded in animals exhibiting the phenomena. 2. Nutritional influences could play a role, but the type and quality of nutrients and mechanism involved, is still unclear. 3. PGF2α-induced regression differs from premature luteal regression in that: a) The progression of functional and structural regression in PGF2α -induced regression is slower than in premature luteal regression. b) Regressed corpora lutea do not occur with normal functioning corpora lutea. 4. There is a distinct second E2-17β peak preceding the decline in P4 in animals that exhibits signs of premature luteal regression. A threshold initiating premature luteal regression was not established. The second study (Chapter 4) compares the changes in the ovine β estradiol - 17 β receptor (oERβ) between premature luteal regression and PGF2α induced regression. The study concludes that there could be a potential role for oERβ in premature luteal regression. The findings of these two studies raise some questions about the conventional perception that early release of PGF2α is the cause of premature luteal regression. The thesis concludes in a hypothesis (Chapter 4) explaining the phenomenon.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Premature luteale regressie kom gemiddeld in 30% van gesuperovuleerde skaap-ooie voor. Die verskynsel kom vroeg in die siklus voor, voor die embrios gekollekteer kan word, en is een van die belangrikste oorsaake van mislukkings in ‘n embrio-oorplaasingsprogram. Die huidige navorsing poog om die fisiologiese meganismes betrokke by premature luteale regressie te verstaan. Hoofstuk twee verskaf ‘n algemene agtergrond van die fisiologiese aspekte betrokke by natuurlike luteale regressie en maternale herkenning van swangerskap. Die hoofstuk stel nuwe konsepte voor oor sel afsterwing en verskaf ‘n opgedateerde literatuuroorsig met betrekking tot die navorsing wat in die veld oor die verskynsel gedoen is. Die hoofstuk vorm die basis vir die idees en argumente, wat volg in die twee studies en wat oorspronklike nuwe navorsing bevat oor die onderwerp. Die navorsing in die tesis bestaan uit twee in vivo studies. Die eerste studie (Hoofstuk 3) vergelyk premature luteale regressie en prostaglandien F2α (PGF2α) ge-induseerde regressie met ‘n klem op die vlakke van die steröiedhormone progesteroon (P4) en estradiol - 17β (E2-17β) en veranderinge in die mikroskopiese struktuur en ultra struktuur van die corpus luteum. Die studie bevind: 1. Premature luteale regressie is nie slegs onvoldoende luteale funksie nie, maar vroë luteale regressie aangesien seisoenale invloede eitlik voedings invloede kan wees en P4 gestyg het in diere waar die verskynsel voorgekom het. 2. Voeding kan ‘n rol speel maar die tiepe en gehalte van die voedingstowwe en die meganismes betrokke is nie duidelik nie. 3. PGF2α - ge-induseerde regressie verskil van premature regressie in dat: a) Die verloop van funksionele en strukturele regressie is stadiger in PGF2α - ge-induseerde regressie in vergelyking met premature luteale regressie. b) Corpora lutea wat regressie ondergaan het kom nie voor saam met corpora lutea wat normal voorkom nie. 4. Daar die ‘n duidelike tweede piek van E2-17β gaan die afname in P4 vooraf in diere waar premature regressie voorkom. 5. Daar is nie geslaag om ‘n drempel vas te stel waar premature regressie ge-inisieer word nie. Die tweede studie vergelyk die veranderinge in estradiol-17β reseptore (oERβ) in die skaap tydens premature luteale regressie en PGF2α geinduseerde regressie. Die studie bevind dat daar ‘n moontlike rol is vir ERβ in premature luteale regressie. Die bevindinge van die twee studies bevraagteken die konvensionele opvatting dat vroë vrystelling van PGF2α verantwoordelik is vir premature luteale regressie. Die tesis sluit af met ‘n nuwe hipotese om die verskynsel te verduidelik.
Gawriluk, Thomas R. "Targeted Knockout of Beclin-1 Reveals an Essential Function in Ovary and Testis". UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/biology_etds/19.
Texto completoYvorra, Alain. "Croissance folliculaire et developpement du corps jaune chez le lezard vivipare, lacerta vivipara jacquin : evolution au cours du cycle sexuel et analyse des mecanismes de regulation". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066270.
Texto completoBijoux, Jude peter. "Reef fish spawning aggregation sites : the ecology of aggregating and resident species". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4013.
Texto completoFish spawning aggregation (FSA) sites are areas where repeated concentration of conspecific fish gathers for the purpose of spawning. Despite of their importance in the reproduction of many coral reef fishes, few FSA sites are actively managed. The aim of this study, conducted in the Seychelles, was to improve general understanding on the ecology of FSA sites to facilitate their management. It focuses on both the individuals that aggregate at FSA sites to spawn and those that are resident at FSA sites. Acoustic telemetry and underwater visual census were used to study three species that form spawning aggregations (spinefoot shoemaker (Siganus sutor), Camouflage grouper (Epinephelus polyphekadion) and Brown-marbled grouper (E. fuscoguttatus)) and the resident fish assemblages at FSA sites. Acoustic detections found individual S. sutor to have high fidelity to individual FSA sites and to show significant periodicity with the full moon period in the timing of their arrival and departure from FSA sites. Conversely, spawning aggregations of E. fuscoguttatus and E. polyphekadion overlapped spatially and temporally, with strong periodicity for spawning aggregation to form with the new moon period. The formation of E. fuscoguttatus and E. polyphekadion FSAs caused complex changes in the fish assemblage that is resident at the FSA site. The effect of lunar phase on the resident fish assemblages at S. sutor FSA sites appeared to be scale-dependent, having greater impact at the larger than the smaller FSA site. Information on the spatial and temporal dynamics of aggregating and resident fish species is used to propose management actions to improve the protection of FSA sites
Masmoudi, Dammak Abir. "Approche hybride pour la reconnaissance automatique de la parole en langue arabe". Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1040/document.
Texto completoThe development of a speech recognition system requires the availability of a large amount of resources namely, large corpora of text and speech, a dictionary of pronunciation. Nevertheless, these resources are not available directly for Arabic dialects. As a result, the development of a SRAP for Arabic dialects is fraught with many difficulties, namely the lack of large amounts of resources and the absence of a standard spelling as these dialects are spoken and not written. In this perspective, the work of this thesis is part of the development of a SRAP for the Tunisian dialect. A first part of the contributions consists in developing a variant of CODA (Conventional Orthography for Arabic Dialectal) for the Tunisian dialect. In fact, this convention is designed to provide a detailed description of the guidelines applied to the Tunisian dialect. Given the guidelines of CODA, we have created our corpus TARIC: Corpus of the interaction of the railways of the Tunisian Arab in the field of SNCFT. In addition to these resources, the pronunciation dictionary is indispensable for the development of a peech recognition system. In this regard, in the second part of the contributions, we aim at the creation of a system called conversion(Grapheme-Phonème) G2P which allows to automatically generate this phonetic dictionary. All these resources described before are used to adapt a SRAP for the MSA of the LIUM laboratory to the Tunisian dialect in the field of SNCFT. The evaluation of our system gave rise to WER of 22.6% on the test set
Chen, Chieh-Jhen y 陳倢蓁. "Sexual reproduction of scleractinian corals in northern Taiwan and roles of Dmrt gene family in coral reproduction". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j526xq.
Texto completo國立臺灣大學
海洋研究所
105
Coral reef ecosystem is now facing severe threats due to irreversible disturbances caused by natural disasters, anthropogenic effects and global warming. Coral communities in Taiwan are found in both subtropical and tropical regions and contain about 317 species that are also under threats. The persistence and recovery of coral communities depend partly on the success of reproduction after the disturbances. It is, therefore, important to study their reproductive biology in order to propose the effective strategy for the management of the coral reef ecosystem. Most of the previous studies documenting the sexual reproduction in scleractinian corals, however, concerned mainly the tropical-living species. To date, among the reported species in Taiwan, only 56 species including a model species, Euphyllia ancora, have been investigated. Little was known from other species. The objectives of this dissertation are 1) to study the coral spawning in the subtropical coral communities in northern Taiwan by comprehensive field samplings and observations conducted from 2013 and 2016, and by the assessments from histological analyses of the collected samples; 2) to characterize the sexual system, mode of reproduction as well as gametogenesis of Porites lichen living in Pitoujiiao, northern Taiwan by histological analyses and in situ aquarium observations; 3) to investigate the possible roles of the Dmrt gene family in coral reproduction by using Euphyllia ancora as a model. First, field observations and histological examinations revealed a large annual variation of spawning pattern among species and individuals. Forty-three species classified into 19 genera and six families spawned asynchronously in the nights (between 8 pm to 10 pm) July and/or August from 2013 to 2014. In addition, corals spawned asynchronously within the same colony. Second, the combined results from the histological examinations and others revealed that the gonochoric P. lichen is a polygamodioecious brooder that displays a seasonal pattern of sexual reproduction in gametogenesis and embryogenesis. In addition, I also reported two new morphological configurations during the early stage of gametogenesis with oocytes being developed within spermaries in bisexual polyps and melanin granular cells being clustered into spermaries. Third, I successfully isolated and characterized seven paralogous Dmrt genes (EaDmrtA, EaDmrtB, EaDmrtC, EaDmrtE, EaDmrtF, EaDmrtG, and EaDmrtH) from the gonochoric E. ancora. I found that EaDmrtE is predominantly expressed in oocytes. This oocyte-specific DmrtE is not closely related to neither the DM1 gene (i.e. currently known as DmrtA; its function is possibly related to sexual reproduction) of Acropora millepora nor to Dmrt1 of vertebrates based on the result of phylogenetic analysis; these two genes are involved in sexual reproduction, especially in sex determination (e.g. vertebrate Dmrt1 gene). High levels of EaDmrtE transcripts were detected in unfertilized mature eggs, and that were retained in newly formed zygotes and, then, the levels of expression decreased during embryonic development. I suggest that this newly discovered gene possibly plays an important role during oogenesis and early embryogenesis in corals as a maternal factor. These results strongly support a complex evolutionary history for the sexual reproduction-associated Dmrt genes with the possibility that such kinds of the genes have originated multiple times early in the evolution of metazoans. The identification of female-specific genes (E. ancora DmrtE) not only provides useful biomarkers to determine the sex of gonochoric corals, but also provide materials for molecular studies on the characterization of the genetic pathways underlying the sexual reproduction in corals.