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Tesis sobre el tema "Convergenza economica"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 11 de marzo de 2023

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1

Costantini, Barbara <1979&gt. "Gli effetti dei Fondi Strutturali sulla convergenza delle regioni europee: una valutazione non parametrica". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/170/1/tesi.pdf.

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2

Costantini, Barbara <1979&gt. "Gli effetti dei Fondi Strutturali sulla convergenza delle regioni europee: una valutazione non parametrica". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/170/.

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3

LINS, DE MORAES Michelle. "Il processo di convergenza socio-economica nel MERCOSUR, a partire dalla sua istituzione: una verifica empirica a livello sub-nazionale". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388957.

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The main objective of this work is to analyze the presence of a process of convergence in terms of socio-economic between the regions of the MERCOSUR from its inception. Despite the need for a better understanding about the asymmetries existing at the sub-national level for integration processes, most of the studies conducted about the MERCOSUR did not consider the differences between those mentioned areas. Considering that in the current debate still prevail reductionist conceptions about this integration process, this paper aims to consider some of the particularities present in that territory. Taking into account the gaps in terms of data relating to important issues such as the dynamics of convergence/divergence at the sub-national level in the five countries observed, this research tried to examine in more detail the behavior some of these aspects in one of the MERCOSUR's members: Brazil. About the two areas of inclusion /exclusion analyzed, this research found out that, at the sub-national level, the trend to a greater cohesion occurred only in very elementary aspects, not contemplating, therefore, a number of key issues necessary for an effective structural reconfiguration. JEL: R11, R12 e R13. 1 This thesis has been possible thanks to the collaboration agreement between the Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Italy) and the Universidade Federal do Maranhão (Brazil). The research was carried out partly in Italy and partly in Brazil. In Italy the work was supervised by Professor Aurelio Bruzzo (Department of Economics and Management - Università di Ferrara), while in Brazil the work was supervised by Professor Flávio Bezerra de Farias (Department of Public Policy - Universidade Federal do Maranhão).

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4

TETTAMANTI, STEFANO. "Fondi Strutturali Europei 2000-2006: Ricostruzione della distribuzione regionale e valutazione del loro impatto sulla convergenza regionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/3675.

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Ampia discussione è in corso riguardo ai Fondi Strutturali Europei, uno strumento creato dall’Unione Europea per ridurre le differenze economiche tra le sue regioni. Durante il CSF 2000-06 essi hanno rappresentato 1/3 del budget comunitario. Nonostante tale sforzo, parte della letteratura trova scarsi effetti e persistenza nei differenziali di PIL che i fondi dovrebbero ridurre. In questo lavoro si affronterà la questione osservando le regioni dell’EU-15, nel periodo 2000-07. L’effetto dei fondi è stato dapprima stimato con modelli di convergenza assoluta e considerando problemi come l’autocorrelazione spaziale e l’eterogeneità delle regioni. L’attenzione si è quindi diretta alla costruzione di un dataset contenente cifre dettagliate dei fondi pagati annualmente a ciascuna regione, tramite combinazione di informazioni da fonti ufficiali e tramite stime per coprire le cifre per cui tali informazioni erano mancanti. Con questo dataset sono quindi stati stimati modelli che considerassero effetti di spill-over e la possibilità di cluster convergence. È risultato che i fondi strutturali hanno effetti tutto sommato positivi. L’utilizzo di modelli più complessi e realistici ha però mostrato una debole convergenza, lasciando quindi dubbi sull’effettiva efficacia dei fondi.
A vast discussion is underway regarding European structural funds, an instrument the European Union created in order to reduce the economic differentials among its regions. During the 2000-2006 CSF they represented 1/ 3 of EU budget. Despite these efforts, part of the literature finds small effects and persistence in those differences in GDP which these funds should reduce. In this work the issue will be addressed by looking at regions within EU-15, in the period 2000-2007. Proof of the positive effect of funds was first searched using models of absolute beta convergence and addressing issues like spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity between regions. The attention moved then to the task of constructing a dataset which could provide detailed figures on funding paid to each region each year, by combining information available from official sources and through the estimation of those figures for which information was missing. On the base of this dataset new models were estimated, taking into account the spill-over effects and the possibility of cluster convergence. The result was that structural funds have, overall, a positive impact. Once we move to more complex and realistic models, convergence becomes weaker, casting some doubts on the effectiveness of these funds.

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5

TETTAMANTI, STEFANO. "Fondi Strutturali Europei 2000-2006: Ricostruzione della distribuzione regionale e valutazione del loro impatto sulla convergenza regionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/3675.

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Ampia discussione è in corso riguardo ai Fondi Strutturali Europei, uno strumento creato dall’Unione Europea per ridurre le differenze economiche tra le sue regioni. Durante il CSF 2000-06 essi hanno rappresentato 1/3 del budget comunitario. Nonostante tale sforzo, parte della letteratura trova scarsi effetti e persistenza nei differenziali di PIL che i fondi dovrebbero ridurre. In questo lavoro si affronterà la questione osservando le regioni dell’EU-15, nel periodo 2000-07. L’effetto dei fondi è stato dapprima stimato con modelli di convergenza assoluta e considerando problemi come l’autocorrelazione spaziale e l’eterogeneità delle regioni. L’attenzione si è quindi diretta alla costruzione di un dataset contenente cifre dettagliate dei fondi pagati annualmente a ciascuna regione, tramite combinazione di informazioni da fonti ufficiali e tramite stime per coprire le cifre per cui tali informazioni erano mancanti. Con questo dataset sono quindi stati stimati modelli che considerassero effetti di spill-over e la possibilità di cluster convergence. È risultato che i fondi strutturali hanno effetti tutto sommato positivi. L’utilizzo di modelli più complessi e realistici ha però mostrato una debole convergenza, lasciando quindi dubbi sull’effettiva efficacia dei fondi.
A vast discussion is underway regarding European structural funds, an instrument the European Union created in order to reduce the economic differentials among its regions. During the 2000-2006 CSF they represented 1/ 3 of EU budget. Despite these efforts, part of the literature finds small effects and persistence in those differences in GDP which these funds should reduce. In this work the issue will be addressed by looking at regions within EU-15, in the period 2000-2007. Proof of the positive effect of funds was first searched using models of absolute beta convergence and addressing issues like spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity between regions. The attention moved then to the task of constructing a dataset which could provide detailed figures on funding paid to each region each year, by combining information available from official sources and through the estimation of those figures for which information was missing. On the base of this dataset new models were estimated, taking into account the spill-over effects and the possibility of cluster convergence. The result was that structural funds have, overall, a positive impact. Once we move to more complex and realistic models, convergence becomes weaker, casting some doubts on the effectiveness of these funds.

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6

Risorto, Leonardo. "Crescita e convergenza in Europa: mente umana, propensione all’innovazione e spillover tecnologici come motori della crescita endogena nell’UE. Teoria e analisi empiriche". Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200863.

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7

BUCCELLATO, TULLIO. "Four essays on regional growth and other related issues: evidence from the Russian Federation and the Indian Union". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1098.

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La seguente tesi è composta da quattro capitoli. I capitoli sono quattro articoli indipendenti l’uno dall’altro. I primi tre articoli si riferiscono al contesto della Federazione Russa, mentre l’ultimo a quello dell’Unione Indiana. In tutti i lavori si utilizzano metodi di econometria che si adattano al meglio a dati regionali e, in tre capitoli su quattro, ciò implica l’utilizzo di tecniche di econometria spaziale. Nei paragrafi successivi si riassumono i contenuti e i principali risultati conseguiti in ciascuno dei capitoli. Il primo capitolo studia il processo di convergenza tra le regioni russe utilizzando metodi di econometria spaziale, in complemento alle tradizionali tecniche per lo studio di convergenza derivate dalla teoria economica neoclassica. L’analisi copre l’arco temporale 1999-2004. Un processo di convergenza assoluta sembra essere assente in Russia e questo risultato conferma i risultati di altri lavori antecedenti. Il coefficiente di convergenza beta comincia ad essere significativamente negativo solo dopo l’inserimento di altre variabili esplicative oltre al livello iniziale di reddito procapite. Il modello neoclassico di convergenza condizionata risulta sovrastimare il coefficiente di convergenza beta rispetto al caso in cui si inserisca un ritardo spaziale della variabile dipendente. Ciò sembra rafforzare l’ipotesi di una distorsione dei modelli neoclassici applicati a dati regionali indotta dalla presenza di una dipendenza spaziale nei dati. Le distorsioni indotte dagli effetti spaziali risultano ancora più evidenti con l’utilizzo di metodi di econometria panel. La componente spaziale sembra quindi avere un ruolo non risibile nello spiegare il processo di convergenza tra le regioni russe. Inoltre, variabili come l’estrazione di idrocarburi, il livello di apertura al commercio, e gli investimenti diretti esteri, risultano tutte avere un impatto positivo e statisticamente positivo sulla crescita economica. Il secondo capitolo si concentra sul ruolo degli idrocarburi come possibile determinante della concentrazione del reddito. Il primo capitolo aveva già mostrato come gli idrocarburi costituissero un fattore molto importante nello spiegare lo sviluppo inter-regionale in Russia. Il presente articolo mostra e discute come gli idrocarburi siano anche un importante determinante della concentrazione del reddito all’interno delle regioni russe. Dopo aver discusso la letteratura rilevante concernente le determinanti della concentrazione del reddito tra paesi e all’interno della Russia, si mostra empiricamente quali siano le determinanti intra-regionali della concentrazione del reddito in Russia, facendo uso di modelli panel dinamici. I risultati tendono a confermare che le regioni dove il petrolio e il gas vengono prodotti tendono ad avere livelli di concentrazione del reddito più alti. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato all’analisi degli investimenti diretti esteri (IDE) in Russia. Più in particolare, si esplora l’ipotesi di effetti spaziali nella distribuzione degli IDE tra le regioni russe. Il modello utilizzato descrive gli IDE come risultanti da un effetto di agglomerazione (il livello degli IDE in una regione dipende positivamente dal livello di FDI nelle regioni circostanti) e un effetto di isolamento ( la distanza di ogni regione dai più importanti investitori internazionali). Considerando un panel di 68 regioni russe per il periodo 2000-2004, si rileva che entrambi gli effetti abbiano un ruolo significativo nel determinare i flussi di IDE nella Federazione Russa. I due effetti risultano significativi anche dopo l’inserimento di una serie di variabili ci controllo che sono state rilevate importanti fattori dei flussi di IDE tra paesi (il potenziale del mercato circostante, le infrastrutture, un indice del clima degli investimenti). Nel quarto ed ultimo capitolo, si analizza il processo di convergenza/divergenza tra gli stati indiani. Dopo aver revisionato tutte le principali riforme economiche implementate durante gli ultimi decenni nell’Unione Indiana, si conduce uno studio econometrico delle determinanti della crescita economica nel quadro neoclassico del modello di Solow. Uno degli aspetti più importanti dello studio è di nuovo l’applicazione di tecniche di econometria spaziale a complemento delle tecniche neoclassiche. Si controlla per due effetti spaziali distinti, un effetto di distanza di ogni regione rispetto a tutte le altre e un effetto di condivisione di un confine. I nostri risultati sembrano suggerire che la disparità tra regioni più ricche e più povere sia costantemente aumentata durante gli anni ottanta e novanta. Più specificamente si rileva che i vincitori sono risultati essere quegli stati che hanno beneficiato maggiormente delle riforme di liberalizzazione, grazie anche ad un vantaggio derivante dalla loto posizione geografica e alla presenza di un settore dei servizi già sviluppato. Le regioni che invece mostrano un arretramento economico più marcato sono risultate essere quelle prive di uno sbocco al mare, altamente popolate, con la presenza predominante del settore agricolo e poco innovative.
This thesis consists of four separate chapters, which are all in themselves self standing. The first three papers refer to the Russian Federation context, while the last one to the Indian Union’s one. The liaison linking all the works is represented by the use of econometrics techniques, which better adapt to regional datasets and, in the most of cases, this implies the use of spatial econometrics tools. Here below I briefly summarize the contents and main findings of each of the chapters. The first paper analyses the process of convergence across Russian regions using spatial econometrics tools in addition to the traditional -convergence techniques as derived from the neoclassical theoretical setting. The study covers the period 1999-2004. Absolute convergence is absent, confirming the results obtained in previous studies on the Russian Federation. The convergence coefficient begins to be significant only after the introduction of other explanatory variables in addition to the initial level of per capita income. The neoclassical conditional convergence model is found to overestimate the absolute value of β with respect to its spatial lag model counterpart, strengthening the hypothesis of a bias due to spatial dependence in the data. When moving to the panel data analysis, the gap in convergence coefficient becomes more evident and slightly present also in the spatial error model. The spatial component appears to be non-negligible and, consequently, conventional convergence estimates suffer a bias due to spatial dependence across observations. Furthermore, variables such as hydrocarbon supply, openness to trade and FDI per capita are found to have an unambiguous, positive and statistically significant impact on growth. Results are also confirmed by the panel data specifications of the models. The second chapter focuses on the role of hydrocarbons as a possible determinant for inequality. Already in the first chapter I showed that hydrocarbons are one of the main elements constituting the great divide across fast and slow growing Russian regions. Here we concentrate mainly on the role of oil and gas as a possible determinant of within region inequality. After having reviewed the economic literature concerning determinants of inequality across countries and within Russia, we test empirically the determinants of intra-regional inequality in Russia, applying robust dynamic panel data estimators. We find that regions where oil and gas is produced tend to experience higher levels of income inequality in striking resemblance to cross-country results. The third chapter is devoted to the analysis foreign direct investment in Russia. More in particular, we explore the hypothesis of spatial effects in the distribution of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) across Russian regions. We make use of a model, which describes FDI inflows as resulting from an agglomeration effect (the level of FDI in a given region depends positively on the level of FDI received by the regions in its neighbourhood) and remoteness effect (the distance of each Russian regions from the most important outflows countries). Considering a panel of 68 Russian regions over the period 2000-2004 we find that the two effects play a significant role in determining FDI inflows towards Russia. The two effects are also robust to the inclusion of other widely used explanatory variables impacting the level of FDI towards countries or regions (e.g. surrounding market potential, infrastructures, investment climate). In the fourth and last chapter, we investigate the process of convergence/divergence across Indian states. After surveying the main economic reforms implemented during the last decades in the Indian Union, we conduct an econometric study of the determinants of economic growth in the neoclassical frame of the Solow model. One of the main novel aspects of our convergence analysis is the attention paid to the spatial pattern of growth across Indian states. Making use of spatial econometric tools, we control for two different kinds of spatial interaction: distance and neighbourhood. Our results suggest that the gap between poor and rich states has constantly increased during the 1980s and the 1990s. Specifically, we find that winners were those states that benefited the most from the recent process of reform and liberalization, thanks also to their geographical advantage and to the presence of a developed service sector. Losers were instead the landlocked and highly populated states with a predominant agricultural sector and a low level of innovation.

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8

MARCON, ENZO LUIGI. "THE INTEGRATION AFTER EASTERN ENLARGEMENT: CONVERGENCE OR DIVERGENCE OF THE EU ECONOMIES? L'INTEGRAZIONE DOPO L'ALLARGAMENTO AD EST: CONVERGENZA O DIVERGENZA DELLE ECONOMIE EUROPEE?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2005. http://thesis2.sba.units.it/store/handle/item/13201.

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9

Cao, Xun. "Convergence, divergence, and networks in international political economy /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10793.

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10

Pavon-Villamayor, Victor. "Economics of technological convergence". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487040.

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In the last few years intermodal competition in the information and communication technologies industry has been driven by a technological phenomenon known as convergence: the provision of an increasing number of services through an increasing number of transmission/distribution platforms. Convergence is a complex phenomenon and its economic implications are vast. Nevertheless, the number of analytical studies discussing convergence has been alarmingly scarce. This thesis intends to fill this gap by providing a first step towards a more analytical treatment of this phenomenon. Regarding the dynamics of market dominance that emerges from the competition between converging technologies the analysis shows that processes of self-preserving dominance and dominance switching can be identified depending on the relative structure of efficiencies that prevail across platforms; It is also shown that convergence might not imply cross-industry entry and, more interestingly, that an underdog technology might have incentives to deliberately preserve its technological gap with respect to a dominant technology. In the area. of the regulatory challenges posed by the process of convergence, the analysis unravels the existence of a set of cross-industry effects that cause the implementation of welfareenhancing regulation in one industry to have a negative impact on a neighbouring industry, an instance of a cross-industry transmission mechanism. In turn, this transmission mechanism creates incentives for cross-industry regulatory replication in asymmetrically regulated industries, an action that is not always optimal from a welfare point of view. The thesis concludes with a welfare analysis of implementing 'network neutrality' policies. The analysis suggests that the welfare consequences of noneutrality provisions depend critically on the nature of the regulatory regime prevailing in the industry before no-neutrality provisions are implemented.

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11

BARBIERI, LAURA. "Un modello econometrico regionale "globale" per il mercato del lavoro italiano". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/231.

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Partendo dalla constatazione della sempre maggiore complessità del contesto economico e sociale nazionale ed internazionale, imputabile da un lato al processo di integrazione economico e monetario europeo, e dall'altro alla progressiva decentralizzazione dei poteri a livello regionale, la tesi intende proporsi come uno strumento analitico di supporto al decisore. A tal fine, in base a dati annui di fonte ISTAT-SVIMEZ per il periodo 1970-2003, viene sviluppato un modello econometrico regionale 'globale' per il mercato del lavoro italiano, estendendo un precedente modello mono-regionale proposto da Baussola (2003), ad un contesto pluri-regionale. Il modello conduce non solo a rappresentare soddisfacentemente i mercati regionali italiani, ma opera altresì efficacemente nel ricostruire i valori delle variabili a livello nazionale. Il modello si conferma robusto ed efficace nel rappresentare le realtà regionali, anche nell'ottica di analisi propria dell'econometria delle serie storiche.
The starting point of this thesis is the remark that recent decades have been characterized by a rising complexity in the economic and political context both at the national and international level. This is due both to the European economic and monetary integration process and to the regional decentralisation process. With the aim of providing a useful tool of analysis for the decision-maker,. a 'global' regional model for the Italian labour market has been constructed on the basis of annual data from ISTAT-SVIMEZ over the 1970-2003 period. This model could be viewed as an extension to a multi-regional framework of the previous one-region model developed by Baussola (2003). The model shows good performance not only in representing regional labour market specificities, but also in reproducing national variable values. It is also robust and effective in a time-series context.

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12

BARBIERI, LAURA. "Un modello econometrico regionale "globale" per il mercato del lavoro italiano". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/231.

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Partendo dalla constatazione della sempre maggiore complessità del contesto economico e sociale nazionale ed internazionale, imputabile da un lato al processo di integrazione economico e monetario europeo, e dall'altro alla progressiva decentralizzazione dei poteri a livello regionale, la tesi intende proporsi come uno strumento analitico di supporto al decisore. A tal fine, in base a dati annui di fonte ISTAT-SVIMEZ per il periodo 1970-2003, viene sviluppato un modello econometrico regionale 'globale' per il mercato del lavoro italiano, estendendo un precedente modello mono-regionale proposto da Baussola (2003), ad un contesto pluri-regionale. Il modello conduce non solo a rappresentare soddisfacentemente i mercati regionali italiani, ma opera altresì efficacemente nel ricostruire i valori delle variabili a livello nazionale. Il modello si conferma robusto ed efficace nel rappresentare le realtà regionali, anche nell'ottica di analisi propria dell'econometria delle serie storiche.
The starting point of this thesis is the remark that recent decades have been characterized by a rising complexity in the economic and political context both at the national and international level. This is due both to the European economic and monetary integration process and to the regional decentralisation process. With the aim of providing a useful tool of analysis for the decision-maker,. a 'global' regional model for the Italian labour market has been constructed on the basis of annual data from ISTAT-SVIMEZ over the 1970-2003 period. This model could be viewed as an extension to a multi-regional framework of the previous one-region model developed by Baussola (2003). The model shows good performance not only in representing regional labour market specificities, but also in reproducing national variable values. It is also robust and effective in a time-series context.

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13

Crespo, Cuaresma Jesus, Stephan Klasen y Konstantin M. Wacker. "There is poverty convergence". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4807/1/wp213.pdf.

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Martin Ravallion ("Why Don't We See Poverty Convergence?" American Economic Review, 102(1): 504-23; 2012) presents evidence against the existence of convergence in global poverty rates despite convergence in household mean income levels and the close linkage between income growth and poverty reduction. We show that this finding is driven by a specification that demands more than simple convergence in poverty headcount rates and assumes a growth elasticity of poverty reduction, which is well-known to accelerate with low initial poverty levels. If we motivate the poverty convergence equation using an arguably superior growth semi-elasticity of poverty reduction, we find highly significant and robust evidence of convergence in absolute poverty headcount ratios and poverty gaps. Relatedly, we show that the results in Ravallion (2012) are driven by the special income growth and poverty dynamics in Central and Eastern European transition economies that started with low initial poverty rates and thus observed a high elasticity of poverty reduction. Once we control for their abnormal poverty dynamics, we again find robust evidence of global convergence in poverty, even in the original specification by Ravallion (2012). (authors' abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

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14

Kane, Timothy Joseph. "The convergence of nations : three papers on international growth /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3022199.

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15

D'Agnese, Lavinia <1994&gt. "Convergenza agli IFRS: l'esperienza canadese". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14759.

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Questa tesi analizza l’influenza degli US GAAP nell’adozione degli IFRS da parte del Canada, in particolar modo analizzando il comportamento di un campione di imprese canadesi nella scelta delle overt options. La tesi si struttura con un primo capitolo che introduce gli IFRS e un secondo che introduce gli US GAAP ripercorrendo il percorso di convergenza dei due principali Standard-setters. Il terzo capitolo si concentra sulle principali differenze dei due Standard-setters, il quarto ripercorre il percorso di convergenza del Canada agli IFRS, soffermandosi sull’attuale struttura contabile e infine il quinto riporta l’analisi empirica che verifica se effettivamente la tradizione contabile canadese è influenzata da quella statunitense nell’adozione degli IFRS.

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16

Baafi, Antwi Joseph. "Ghana's Economic Growth in Perspective : A time series approach to Convergence and Determinants". Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3643.

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Economic growth around the world has not been equal for a long time. Some economics grow faster while others grow slower. But economists have predicted that the slower growing economics will eventually converge with the faster growing economy as some point in the future. This is known as the convergence hypothesis. In this study, we test this hypothesis for Ghana and the Western Europeans countries with UK been a proxy for these countries, using time series data to determine whether or not it holds. We determine how fast or slow this convergence process is by using the returns to scale concept on Ghana’s economy and latter account for factor that determines economic growth in sectors. The study supported the null hypothesis of convergence i.e. Ghana is catching up with the Western European countries. The study also shown that Ghana growth accounting exhibit decreasing returns meaning convergence is relatively slow and also signifies that Ghana is not on a balanced growth path (this refers to the simultaneous, coordinated expansion of several sectors of the economy). The study showed a negative relationship between GDP and labour both in the long run and short run relationship. Again the study showed a positive relationship between GDP and capital, Agric and Industrial sector. Lastly, the study showed a negative relationship between GDP and AID and Service in the long run and positive relationship in the short run.

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17

Wyman, Matthew Christopher. "Applications of nonstandard analysis to problems in option pricing, contingent claim valuation and convergence of market models". Thesis, University of Hull, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318372.

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18

Yao, Yudong. "Provincial income convergence, international trade and long run economic growth in China 1978-1997 : a panel data approach". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248719.

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19

St, Aubyn Miguel Pedro Brito. "Evaluating tests for convergence of economic series using Monte Carlo methods with an application to real GDP's per head". Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338427.

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20

Gaynor, Kevin Brendan. "Economic convergence in a multi-speed Europe". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338679.

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Кубатко, Олександр Васильович, Александр Васильевич Кубатко, Oleksandr Vasylovych Kubatko, Олександрa Вікторівна Кубатко, Александра Викторовна Кубатко y Oleksandra Viktorivna Kubatko. "Economic and ecological convergence of Ukrainian regions". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26633.

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Кубатко, Олександр Васильович, Александр Васильевич Кубатко, Oleksandr Vasylovych Kubatko, Олександрa Вікторівна Кубатко, Александра Викторовна Кубатко y Oleksandra Viktorivna Kubatko. "Theoretic concept of economic and ecological convergence". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40742.

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The issue on whether or not poor regions tend to catch-up richer ones plays a significant role in regional growth theory. The empirical growth models were relying more on available data such as real per capita income, savings and investment, government expenditures, exports, labor force and its structure by industries, education variables like school enrollment, etc. The concept of economic convergence according to Matkoski and Prochanik (2004) should be address in two aspects. First, a tendency towards leveling (equalization) per capita incomes and growth rates among counties (regions). Second, tendency toward economic cycle convergence (that is ups and downs of economic cycles ideally should conform). Both convergence concepts are independent and tested separately. In ourresearch we address only first part of the issue, for it is assumed that within boundaries of one country economic cycles should coincide due the equality of macroeconomic conditions.

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Мельник, Леонід Григорович, Леонид Григорьевич Мельник, Leonid Hryhorovych Melnyk, Олександр Васильович Кубатко, Александр Васильевич Кубатко y Oleksandr Vasylovych Kubatko. "Ecological and economic convergence of regional development". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8218.

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24

Zhang, Yiwen. "Convergence of economies, U.S. and China /". abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/dissertations/fullcit/1430448.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005.
"May 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-51). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.

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25

Montijo, Luís Pedro Constante. "Convergência económica entre países do G20". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18071.

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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
Esta dissertação tem por objetivo estudar o processo de convergência económica entre os países que compõem o G20, com enfoque especial nas chamadas Economias Emergentes que integram aquele grupo (E11). O trabalho parte de um enquadramento teórico sobre teorias do crescimento para apoiar o trabalho empírico que se consubstanciou na recolha e análise de dados sobre alguns indicadores, no sentido de caracterizar as evoluções registadas nas economias objeto de estudo no período compreendido entre 1990 e 2016, na estimação de um modelo de regressão linear simples para averiguar da existência ou não de convergência Beta absoluta ao nível do PIB per capita em PPP no mesmo período e em cálculos para detetar a convergência Sigma também ao nível do PIB per capita em PPP entre 1990 e 2016.
This dissertation aims to study the process of economic convergence between the countries that integrate the G20, with special focus on the so-called Emerging Economies which integrate that group (E11). The dissertation starts from a theoretical framework on theories of growth to support the empirical work that consubstantiated in the collection and analysis of some indicators, in order to characterize the changes registered in the economies under study in the period between 1990 and 2016, in the estimation of a simple linear regression model to ascertain whether there is absolute convergence at the level of GDP per capita in PPP in the same period and in calculations to detect the convergence Sigma; also at the level of per capita GDP in PPP between 1990 and 2016.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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26

JÃnior, JosÃ Nilo de Oliveira. "Ensaios economÃtricos sobre a dinÃmica o Pib agrÃcola". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1295.

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Universidade Federal do CearÃ
A tese intitulada "Ensaios Econometricos sobre a dinÃmica do Pib AgrÃcola" Ã composta de trÃs artigos. O primeiro artifo Ã intitulado "Setor AgrÃcola Brasileiro: Uma anÃlise de ConvergÃncia Microregional" analise o processo de convergÃncia microregional agrÃcola utilizando o Modelo Threshold no perÃodo de 1970 a 1996. Os resultados mostraram a existÃncia de cinco clubes de convergÃncia; um com um grupo de microregiÃes mais ricas, um com um grupo de microregiÃes mais pobres e trÃs grupos intermediÃrios. Os resultados tambÃm mostraram que o capital fÃsico Ã mais importante que o capital humano na explicaÃÃo do processo de crescimento. O segundo artigo intitulado: "O Setor AgrÃcola Brasileiro: Uma aplicaÃÃo do Modelo de TendÃncias e Ciclos Comuns no perÃodo de 1990 a 2005", analisa o comportamento das variaveis produto agrÃcola, taxa de cÃmbio real e saldo da balanÃa comercial agrÃcola brasileira. Utilizou-se a tÃcnica de cointegraÃÃo para identificar um sistema de vetores auto-regressivos com tendÃncias estocÃsticas comuns e para investigar as respostas do sistema a choques transitÃrios e permanentes. Os testes comprovaram a existÃncia de uma tendÃncia estocÃstica comum e dois ciclos comuns entre as variÃveis. As decomposiÃÃes das variÃncias indicam que os choques transitÃrios explicam a maior parte das flutuaÃÃes de curto e longo prazo no produto agrÃcola. Constatou-se tambÃm que os choques permanentes sÃo mais importantes para explicar as variÃncias da taxa de cÃmbio e da balanÃa comercial agrÃcola, principalmente no longo prazo. O terceiro artigo intitulado: "PrevisÃo da Taxa de Crescimento do Produto AgrÃcola Brasileiro: Uma aplicaÃÃo de Modelos de Ãndice de DifusÃo Linear e NÃo Linear" aplica os modelos linear e nÃo linear de Ãndice de difusÃo com efeito threshold para prever, um perÃodo Ã frente, a taxa de crescimento trimestral do Pib agrÃcola brasileiro. Estes modelos sÃo compostos por fatores que sÃo observÃveis e representam uma caracterÃstica comum das variÃveis explicativas, permitindo uma reduÃÃo significativa do nÃmero destas variÃveis. Em seguida Ã feita a comparaÃÃo das previsÃes destes modelos entre si e em relaÃÃo ao modelo AR que Ã tomado como benchmark. Verifica-se que o modelo de Ãndice de difusÃo linear apresentou uma pequena superioridade, em termos de eficiÃncia preditiva, em relaÃÃo aos modelos nÃo linear e AR, que apresentaram resultados semelhantes.
The thesis entitled "Econometrical assays on the dynamics of the agricultural Gdp" is composed of three papers. The first article is entitled "Brazilian Agricultural Sector: An Analysis of Microregional Convergence" analyzes the process of agricultural micro regional convergence using the Threshold Model in the period 1970 to 1996. The results show the existence of five clubs of convergence: one with a group of richer micro regions; one with a group of poor micro regions and three intermediates groups. The results also show that physical capital is more important than human capital in the explanation of the growth process. The second paper with title "The Brazilian Agricultural Sector: A Application of the Model of Common Cycles in the period os 1990 the 2005" analyzes the behavior of Agricultural Gdp, real exchange rate and the current account balance agricultural in Brazil during the period of 1990 to 2005. Cointegration techniques were used to identify a VAR system with common stochastic trends, and to investigate the system responses to transitories and permanent shocks. The tests had proven the existence of a common trend and two cycles between the variables. Variance decompositions indicates that transiotories shocks accont form most of the short and long run fluctuations in agricultural Gdp. It was found that permanent shocks explain most of the variance of the exchance rate and of the current account balance mainly in the long run. The third paper entitled "Forecast of the Rate of Growth of the Brazilian Agricultural Gdp: An Application of Models of Diffusion Index Linear and Non-Linear". This article applies the linear and non-linear diffusion index model with a threshold effect to forecast, one step ahead, the qyarterly growt rate of Brazilian Agricultural Gdp. These models are composed by common factor which allow a significant reduction in the number of the original explaining variables. After comparing forecast of these two models between themselves and to an AR model, used as benchmark, one comes to the conclusion that the linear model presents a small superiority, in terms of predictive efficiency, in relation to the nonlinear and AR models.

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27

Minto, Silvia <1966&gt. "Convergenza di crescita e inquinamento - Rassegna di studi". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11472.

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Growth and Pollution Convergence. Studies Review. The thesis examinates growth and air pollution realtionship in modern economies. It investigates some authors’ assumption of income convergence across world countries economies, and related pollutant emissions convergence across countries. Economic models and methods to measure convergence are evaluated to understand premises and tests results. The question isn’t only about different countries economies convergence towards the same optimum steady state for income and air pollution, but also on feasibility of paths towards growing income and improving environmental quality and healthy air. Facing climate change problems may be a difficult challenge to conciliate human needs of growth, income, development and environment improvement and good air.

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28

Wellmann, Volker. "Convergence in incomplete market models". Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3802.

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The problem of pricing and hedging of contingent claims in incomplete markets has lead to the development of various valuation methodologies. This thesis examines the mean-variance and variance-optimal approaches to risk-minimisation and shows that these are robust under the convergence from discrete- to continuous-time market models. This property yields new convergence results for option prices, trading strategies and value processes in incomplete market models.Techniques from nonstandard analysis are used to develop new results for the lifting property of the minimal martingale density and risk-minimising strategies. These are applied to a number of incomplete market models:The restriction of hedging dates in a general class of discrete- and continuous-time models is studied and it is shown that the convergence of the underlying models implies the convergence of strategies and value processes.Similar results are obtained for multinomial models and approximations of the Black-Scholes model by direct observation of the price process. The concept of D 2-convergence is extended to these classes of models, including the construction of discretisation schemes. This yields new convergence results for these models as well as for option prices in a jump-diffusion model.The computational aspects of these approximations are examined and numerical results are provided in the case of European and Asian options.For ease of reference a summary of the main results from nonstandard analysis in the context of mathematical finance is given as well as a brief introduction to mean-variance hedging and variance-optimal pricing.

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29

Miao, Xing. "Cross-country convergence in income inequality". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45884.

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Neoclassical models imply convergence of the entire distribution, not just the mean income levels. In this paper, we analyze convergence in income inequality by using the considerably enlarged data bases, from the World Bank (Povcal) and the World Institute for Development Economic Research (WIDER). Convergence in gini indices of inequality is tested across 55 countries. We consider three sample subsets; one for the developing countries, second of the developed countries and third with all countries together. We test for convergence in gini indices over a period of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 years. Additionally we use cross-section (OLS),panel (GMM) and a novel OLS estimation methods. Our results uniformly indicate that inequality levels among developing countries converged. Evidence of convergence is weaker among developed countries. Developing countries appear to converge faster than developed countries.

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30

Rasmidatta, Pinchawee. "The Relationship Between Domestic Saving and Economic Growth and Convergence Hypothesis : Case Study of Thailand". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9451.

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The fact that saving is one of the main factors to economic growth is unquestionable. Accumulated saving can be consider as the sources of capital stock to which play a crucial role in creating investment, production, and employment. And all these activities eventually enhance the economic growth. Therefore the main objective of this paper, ―The relationship between domestic saving and economic growth and convergence hypothesis: case study of Thailand‖, was to investigate the causality relationship between the domestic saving and economic growth of Thailand. This paper will analyze whether the direction of causality go from domestic saving to economic growth, or vice versa. Granger causality test were conducted by using time series annual data from 1960 to 2010, and the empirical result suggests that the direct of causality go from economic growth to domestic saving only. Aiming to grow its economy, Thailand had had development plans which used both saving and direct investment to stimulate economy. This paper examine whether the convergence hypothesis does hold in Thailand. This part would check whether or not Thailand is in the process of convergence, catching up, lagging behind, loose catching up, loose lagging behind or divergence over time compared with other developed countries. This test was conducted in pairwise between Thailand-Singapore, Thailand-United States, Thailand-United Kingdom, deployed data from 1970 to 2010, and the Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) Test. The regression results demonstrate that convergence hypothesis does not hold in Thailand. Finally, the result of Granger Causality report that economic growth rate does matter lead to growth rate of domestic savings in Thailand only. Thus, in order to learn the effect of gross domestic saving per capita growth rate can help narrow the different of GDP between two countries concerned, this paper will examine the correlation of two variables, deployed the OSL methods to investigate the correlation between gross domestic saving growth rate and the different of GDP per capita between Thailand and Singapore. This test also examine whether saving does help support convergence hypothesis for Thailand or not. The test results shows that domestic saving growth rate does not help narrowing the range of different of income of Thailand and Singapore which mean that domestic saving growth rate does not support the convergence hypothesis in Thailand.

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31

Long, Emily C. "Economic Assimilation for Immigrants in Chile: An Employment Convergence Analysis". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/885.

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Blending migration studies and labor economics, this thesis explores the economic implications of immigrant assimilation in Chile by using probit models to test for employment convergence and labor market convergence between immigrant groups and native Chileans. Using census data from 1992 and 2002, we find significant differences in the employment and labor force participation rates for these demographic groups, affected by the immigrants’ gender, decade of arrival, and country of origin. We see evidence of the nascent care industry in Chile, as well as the implications of the Chilean visa system and employment contracts. Additionally, we see employment probabilities fall for all immigrants prior to the 1993-2002 cohort, due to differences in demographic characteristics and potentially due to labor market discrimination as well. Therefore, we recommend reevaluating and updating the existing Chilean migration legislation to adapt to changing trends, as well as further exploring the immigrant experience and their economic integration in Latin American countries specifically.

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32

Bacelle, Camilla <1989&gt. "Innovazione e Sostenibilità: punti di convergenza e interazione". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4269.

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Con questo elaborato si vogliono analizzare i temi dell'Innovazione e della Sostenibilità, partendo dalla letteratura di riferimento fino all'applicazione da parte delle imprese. In particolar modo, si vuole capire se esista un collegamento tra innovazione e sostenibilità, non solo a livello teorico ma anche nell'operatività delle imprese e per questo vengono prese in esame 13 aziende riconosciute come le più sostenibili da un lato, e le più innovative dall'altro da classifiche internazionali.

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Vellutini, Charles. "Foreign investment and convergence". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18683.

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Todo cuidado foi dispensado para respeitar os direitos autorais deste trabalho. Entretanto, caso esta obra aqui depositada seja protegida por direitos autorais externos a esta instituição, contamos com a compreensão do autor e solicitamos que o mesmo faça contato através do Fale Conosco para que possamos tomar as providências cabíveis.
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In a model of two open economies with intertemporal optimization, we characterize optimal paths toward convergence and show that the richer country achieves higher utility than it would in autarchy, while the poorer country's convergence toward the steady state is speeded up. However, the short-term effects of free trade and free capital flows on the richer economy are negative in terms of wages and consumption. The richer country will maintain its assets in the poor country indefinitely.

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34

Hachichou, Julia Maria. "How has technical progress contributed to the economic development of countries? - Are these countries converging or diverging away from each other, economically? : Global economic growth: A study on how technical progress contributes to economic growth". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36286.

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The question of economic growth is one of the most fascinating concepts the development economics department is experiencing. It has been proven that some theories of economic growth can explain the course of development at an accumulated degree in this paper I’m going to investigate if the countries technical progress contributes to its economic growth. Another interesting thing to look at is how growth emerges in different places at different times. This big change in GDP first started to appear in Britain and then in the United States. In countries like Brazil and Japan the standards of living started to rise in the past century and in China GDP growth started just a few decades ago. GDP have exploded in the most recent two or three centuries. Standard of living has been very low thru most of history. This thesis investigates the relationship between economic growth and the level of technology, and how ever the countries are converging or diverging away from each other. With the help of secondary collected data and a cross country regression model. The results showed similar results according to previous studies, that technical progress contribute to economic growth, some evidence indicating economic convergence were also found.

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35

Cancado, Luciana P. "Economic Growth: Panel Data Evidence from Latin America". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1127143858.

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OGLIARI, MATTEO. "Financial reporting: international convergence". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/77521.

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37

Nybom, Martin. "Convergence of GDP per capita in EU25 : Does it happen and how can it be explained?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7657.

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The EU25 Member States’ GDP per capita levels converged in 1994-2005. Convergence occurred at an average speed of approximately 1.5 percent per year. In the first part of this paper unconditional convergence is analyzed by looking at both β- and σ-convergence and the performances of the catch-up economies are compared, discussed and related to the convergence definition. In a second stage, the catch-up performances are analyzed in relation to theory of economic integration. Substantial increases in labor productivity explain a great deal of the catch-up for poorer economies such as the Baltic states, while increases in employment have been relatively more important for the less poorer economies such as Spain, Portugal and Slovenia. Labor productivity is further elaborated and it is found that both FDIs and internal savings have been consistently higher for the catch-up economies than the non-catching-up economies. FDIs are also assumed to have indirect effects such as promoting incorporation of technology.

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38

Pokorný, Jan. "Structural Funds and regional convergence across EU : Study of convergence patterns across European NUTS-2 regions between 2000 and 2016". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49659.

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39

Samouilhan, N. L. "Convergence, rationality and accuracy in South African consensus forecasts". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5699.

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40

Bazan, Rodolfo S. Cermeno. "Evaluating convergence with median-unbiased estimators in panel data". The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1277906836.

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41

LI, Na. "Price convergence between Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland". Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2003. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/econ_etd/17.

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Over the past decade, goods and capital flows between Hong Kong and Chinese Mainland have increased substantially, however, there have been few rigorous empirical study on whether and to what extent the two economies integrated. This study intends to fill this gap by testing whether relative prices of different goods and services converge between Hong Kong and Mainland China for the period from 1997 to 2002. Using a panel of 17 commodity prices from Hong Kong and four major cities of Chinese Mainland (Beijing, hanghai, shenzhen, Guangzhou), I find statistical evidence of price convergence between Hong Kong and Chinese Mainland. So, this study suggests that there is a growing economic integration between Hong Kong and Chinese Mainland. However, the speed of price convergence between them is less than that among four Mainland cities, which might have resulted from the differences in the degree of factor mobility, monetary and tax policy, and government regulations. The speed of convergence also differs significantly across the spectrum of products. In particular, I find that prices converge more quickly for tradable goods. Meanwhile, using Shenzhen as benchmark city, I find prices converged at a much slower speed between Shenzhen and Hong Kong than between Shenzhen and other Mainland cities, though the geographic distance between Shenzhen and Hong Kong is much shorter than that between Shenzhen and other Mainland cities. Thus, this empirical study demonstrates a strong border effect between Hong Kong and Chinese Mainland.

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42

Colombo, Chiara <1993&gt. "La Tv al tempo di Internet. Il processo di convergenza". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12355.

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Con questo lavoro di tesi si vuole studiare il nuovo panorama televisivo italiano che risulta essere nel pieno di un consistente cambiamento sia dal punto di vista delle tecnologie adottate sia dal punto di vista dell’esperienza di consumo dei contenuti da parte del telespettatore/consumatore. Queste novità rappresentano per i diversi player del settore, sia per gli storici come Rai, Mediaset e La7 sia per i nuovi come Sky e Discovery, una serie di minacce-opportunità con le quali questi si devono scontrare e che dovranno assimilare e sfruttare a proprio vantaggio. In particolare risulta rilevante il ruolo guadagnato dal mondo internet-enabled nel mercato dell’intrattenimento televisivo con la conseguenza di rendere lo spazio web e dei social media il luogo per eccellenza dove poter intercettare la potenziale audience, negli ultimi anni infatti si è diffuso sempre di più il termine di Social Tv. I cambiamenti nella fruizione dei contenuti che sono stati riscontrati, soprattutto nelle generazioni più giovani della popolazione italiana, hanno spinto le media company ha rivalutare e riorganizzare la propria cultura aziendale integrando i nuovi servizi nati dalla convergenza tra Internet e Tv. Per quanto riguarda i cambiamenti nel comportamento dei consumatori quello che più ha rivoluzionato il settore concerne le relazioni con attori e contenuti e la propensione alla partecipazione al processo di creazione dell’offerta televisiva, cioè i programmi che presi nel loro insieme specificatamente per ogni player ne formano il palinsesto, ciò è stato reso possibile proprio grazie ai social network e alla sempre maggior presenza della popolazione sul web.È all’interno di questo scenario che ora si trovano player e consumatori e da qui si vuole partire per analizzare i nuovi modelli di business che si sono sviluppati e quali sono attualmente gli strumenti a disposizione dei broadcaster per intercettare il nuovo tipo di consumatore che si sta delineando, la cui principale caratteristica è la maggior presenza nel mondo del web e della conseguente volontà di partecipazione che lo rende anche produttore portando alla coniazione del termine prosumer. Appare così naturale per gli operatori televisivi dover investire nel settore della pubblicità online e nei social media per sfruttare i nuovi strumenti digital e social che ora sembrano indispensabili per poter ingaggiare i telespettatori.

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43

Šedbaras, Giedrius. "Lietuvos ir Latvijos ekonominės konvergencijos, siekiant narystės EPS, analizė ir vertinimas". Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110804_093534-27318.

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Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama Lietuvos ir Latvijos ekonominė konvergencija, siekiant tapti visateisėmis Europos Pinigų Sąjungos narėmis 2004-2010 m. laikotarpiu. Teorinėje darbo dalyje apibrėžta ekonominės konvergencijos koncepcija ekonominių teorijų ir Mastrichto sutarties kontekste; apibūdinta Euro zonos sąvoka bei pagrindiniai, narystei šioje sąjungoje būtini, ekonominės konvergencijos kriterijai. Praktinėje dalyje, atliekant Lietuvos ir Latvijos ekonominės konvergencijos analizę kiekybiniais ir kokybiniais tyrimo metodais, išanalizuotas ekonominis suartėjimas su Europos Sąjungos šalimis, remiantis BVP parametrais; atlikta makroekonominių rodiklių atitikimo konvergencijos kriterijams 2004-2010 m. analizė, atskleidžiant jų netolygumams turėjusius pagrindinius veiksnius ir ateities perspektyvas. Atliktos analizės rezultatai pagrindžia Lietuvos ir Latvijos ekonomines galimybes 2014 m. įsivesti eurą. Kiek palankesni šansai vertinami Lietuvos atveju, nors kita vertus, abi kaimyninės šalys, spėjama susidurs su valstybės finansų stabilizavimo ir infliacijos pažabojimo būtinybe. Ekonominė konvergencija vyksta ir yra tvari, tik jos mastus pakoregavo, labiausiai Lietuvą ir Latviją paveikusi ekonominė krizė.
In bachelor’s thesis is examining the Lithuanian and Latvian economic convergence in order to become full members of the European Monetary Union, 2004-2010 period. In the theoretical part the conception of economic convergence was defined in context of economic theory and the Maastricht Treaty; specified the euro area term and the basics economic convergence criteria, necessary for membership in the union. In the practical part analysing Lithuanian and Latvian economic convergence of both quantitative and qualitative research methods; analyzed the economic convergence with the European Union countries, on the basis GDP parameters; carried out the analysis of macroeconomic indicators compliance with the convergence criteria 2004-2010 period, revealing the inequalities which had the key factors and future prospects. The carried out analysis findings support Lithuanian and Latvian economic opportunities in 2014 to adopt the euro. How much more favorably rated the chances of Lithuania's case, although in the other hand, both neighboring countries will estimate to face with the stabilization of public finances and inflation targeting need. Economic convergence is taking place and is sustainable, but economic crisis, the most affected Lithuania and Latvia, have adjusted the scale.

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44

Unger, Brigitte y Elisabeth Klatzer. "Will Internationalization Lead to a Convergence of National Economic Policies?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Department of Economics, 1992. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6286/1/WP_12.pdf.

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45

Asteriou, Dimitrios. "Essays on economic growth : convergence, financial development, education and uncertainty". Thesis, City University London, 2000. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8056/.

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This dissertation deals with the issue of economic growth, specifically with the examination of the determinants of economic growth, from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. The first chapter introduces the issue and summarizes the main results. The dissertation is divided into three parts. The first part comprises of two chapters (chapters 2 and 3) considering the issue of per capita income convergence. The first chapter presents the theoretical background and re-examines the convergence debate among the neoclassical and endogenous growth models while the second chapter examines empirically the convergence hypothesis using both cross-sectional and time series econometric techniques for the case of Greek regions. The second part comprises of three chapters examining the unexplained factors affecting economic grwoth. The two first chapters (chapters 4 and 5) of this part deal with the neglected role of finance and financial intermediation in the process of economic growth of a country. One chapter presents the theoretical literature on this subject. Most of the empirical studies on the determinants of economic growth use cross-country analysis. Such an analysis, however, ignores dynamic information that can explain part of the variation in growth rates. In our empirical analysis, which is conducted in the fifth chapter, we employ time series techniques for the examination of the relationship among financial development and economic growth, using UK data. The third chapter of the second part (chapter 6) examines empirically the role of education, for the case of the greek economy. Finally, the last part examined the role of uncertainty on economic growth. Specifically, chapter 7 deals with the role of uncertainty steming from political instability on UK's economic growth using time series data and techniques while chapter 8, considers the role of uncertainty on investments and economic growth examining empirically its effects for a panel of 59 developed and developing countries.

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46

Aritenang, A. F. "The impact of state restructuring on Indonesia's regional economic convergence". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1348855/.

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In recent decades, the state restructuring of trade liberalisation and decentralisation has emerged globally as attempts to promote more equal economic growth. This staterestructuring also occurs in Indonesia following the Asia financial crisis in 1997. As a case study, Indonesia provides two important insights on the study of staterestructuring on regional convergence. First, Indonesia is a member of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) that its institutional arrangements emphasis on member countries freedom to determine their own trade liberalisation sectors and schedules. Second, Indonesia decentralisation is a rapid and significant shift of politico-economy and social. Second, there is a rapid and significant shift of politico-economy and social institutional arrangements from centralised to decentralisation regime. These external and internal state-restructuring are expected influence the variety of regional economic development and convergence. This study aims to analyse the impact of state restructuring on disparities at the district level for the period from 1993 to 2005. The study divides the period under observation into three sub periods, the pre-decentralisation, the decentralisation and the whole period. This research aims to achieve this objective with three empirical studies as follows, first, using economic indices, the thesis examine inequality level of district economic growth and industry concentration. Second, econometrics analysis explores the impact of trade openness and decentralisation on regional economic growth. Finally, this thesis adopts comparative political analysis by using the historical institutionalism approach to understand the variation of state restructuring impact. The main findings show that despite evidence of regional convergence, disparities are persistent and severe in the post state restructuring period. The quantitative analysis shows that AFTA has insignificant impact and decentralisation significantly contract regional economic growth. While qualitative case studies in the Batam and Bandung cities found that institutional history and path development strongly influence development progress and discourses. Politico-economy shocks only act as critical juncture that provides opportunity for the state and regions to create new development path. However, path dependence of institutional changes and economic development is bounded by the regions’ past institutional arrangements and knowledge. For Indonesia, a country with long history of authoritarian regime, the role of nation-state remains important to promote balance local development.

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47

Barrientos, Quiroga Paola Andrea. "Theory, history and evidence of economic convergence in Latin America /". Aarhus : Institut for Økonomi, Aarhus Universitet, 2007. http://mit.econ.au.dk/Library/Specialer/20050086.pdf.

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48

Kumbunlue, Sorayod. "Economic development and integration in Southeast Asia economic convergence, distribution and integration von Sorayod Kumbunlue". [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de/madoc/volltexte/2007/1393/.

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49

Murphy, Dale Dennis. "Open economies and regulations : convergence and competition among jurisdictions". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11373.

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50

Tondl, Gabriele. "Can EU's cohesion policy achieve convergence?" Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1995. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1536/1/document.pdf.

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In this paper I would like to raise the question at which extent the Union's cohesion policy can promote convergence within the Union. I will discuss major aspects of an analysis on the justification and of the design of the Union's cohesion policy. For this purpose recent empirical data and policies will be investigated. The paper will focus on the weaker Member States of the European Union. (author's abstract)
Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut

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