Tesis sobre el tema "Contrôle de santé des structures"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Contrôle de santé des structures".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Hajrya, Rafik. "Contrôle santé des structures composites : approche expérimentale et statistique". Paris, ENSAM, 2012. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00727638.
Texto completoThe aviation industry uses materials always more effective for its aircraft and space systems. The aircraft are equipped with antenna arrays to make communications. Our thesis falls within the MSIE project (Matériaux et Structures Intelligentes pour l'Electromagnétisme). The objective of this project is to meet the demands of the aviation industry, to evaluate the concept of new materials that enable the realization of compact and reconfigurable antenna composite structures. This adaptability assumes that these structures are also equipped with sensors/actuators able to perform an active control. It then necessary to add to these future structures a Structural Health Monitoring systems (SHM) to detect possible damage (impact, delamination between the host structure and the antenna array, fiber breakage, etc. . . ), which may occur during the flight or during the aging of the structure. The development of the SHM systems is the core of our thesis. For this purpose, we have built experimental tests that took into account the industrial requirements. These experimental tests include antenna composite structures equipped with piezoelectric sensors and actuators. Through the information received from the sensors, we developed two damage detection methodologies, based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). These methods are statistical approaches, which have the particularity of not requiring any knowledge of the mechanical model of the structure to be monitored. These two methods are a way to extract features from the piezoelectric sensors of the structure in a healthy and in an unknown state. The comparison between these characteristics allowed us to calculate for each method, a damage index. Furthermore, to robustify the decision, we have associated to this damage index, a bound that decides if the structure is in healthy or damaged state. We have successfully applied the two methods to detect damage in antenna composite structures, namely: impact, delamination of the composite structures
Fendzi, Claude. "Contrôle Santé des Structures Composites : application à la Surveillance des Nacelles Aéronautiques". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0048/document.
Texto completoThis work aims at designing a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system for complex composite structures, with an application to elements of aeronautical nacelles. This work is original and is in the framework of a project, coordinated by AIRBUS Operations SAS and headed by AIRCELLE (SAFRAN Group). The main parts of the nacelle concerned with our approach are the fan cowl (composite monolithic) and the inner fixed structure (IFS, sandwich structure with honeycomb core) of the thrust reverser. These structures made from composite materials are subjected to many damages types which can affect nacelle’s useful life (fiber breaking, delamination, crack, etc…). Furthermore these structures are exposed to many environmental constraints which are for instance important thermal variations (from -55°C to +120°C). The objective of this work is to develop a SHM system aimed at detecting and localizing these damages, before the degradation of the whole structureoccurs. Piezoelectric (PZT) actuators and sensors are bonded on the structure and they are used to generate Lamb wave signals and perform measurements. The proposed SHM approach is based on successive measurements starting from an initial state, considered as healthy and regularly conducting follow-up. The difference in signals measured between two states is analyzed in order to extract some damages-sensitivesfeatures. After validation, PZT elements were glued to the fan cowl and to the IFS as well as on representative coupons and a suitable test bench is designed in order to validate our approach. Since one has to work on difference in signals, damage detection algorithms based on statistical hypothesis testing and PrincipalComponent Analysis (PCA) have been developed and validated. This was first tested for the detection of controlled damages introduced in coupons, and thereafter on the fan cowl and IFS. Robust damage localization algorithms (including with temperature variations) based on Time-of-flight (ToF) extraction from difference in signals, were developed and validated for these structures. A Bayesian approach for uncertainties quantification in the damage localization is also developed, leading to more accuracy in the damage localization results
SAINTHUILE, Thomas. "Récupération d'Energie Vibratoire pour Systèmes de Contrôle Santé Intégré de Structures Aéronautiques". Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819117.
Texto completoSainthuile, Thomas. "Récupération d'Energie Vibratoire pour Systèmes de Contrôle Santé Intégré de Structures Aéronautiques". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VALE0036/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to develop a self-powered Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system for aeronautical applications. This system has to be fully autonomous and has to be able to carry out SHM tasks such as damage detection and location. The energetic autonomy of the system is provided by a vibrational energy harvesting technology using bonded SHM piezoelectric transducers. In this document,an analytical model of the energy harvesting process has been proposed. This model, validated by the Finite Element Method (FEM), allows the optimization of the energy harvesting system by determining the ideal type of transducers as well as their optimal dimensions and locations. Then, this model has been applied to a configuration aiming to be more representative of the in-flight vibrations experienced by a structure. Good agreement has been found between the analytical simulation and the experimental measurements. A power of 1.67mW has been harvested and the wideband capability of the transducers has been verified. Afterwards, the possibility of using the vibrational energy harvesting technology to control composite structures on assembly line has been investigated. For this case study, a transducer strategically located nearby an available power supply generates Lamb waves throughout the structure to tackle the absence of natural vibration. The remaining sensors, spread all over the structure, convertthe mechanical vibrations into electrical power. Using this technology, a power of 7.36mW has been harvested. Finally, this SHM system has also been able to detect a tool drop on the composite structure and to light simultaneously and autonomously a light-emitting diode (LED) simulating the consumption required to transmit the information wirelessly
Chapuis, Bastien. "Contrôle santé intégré par méthode ultrasonore des réparations composites collées sur des structures métalliques". Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077122.
Texto completoThis document presents the development of a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) System for composite patches bonded to aluminum plates. These patches are used in aeronautic industries to repair cracked or corroded structures. The SHM System studied consists in three thin piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) discs embedded in the repair and used to generate and detect Lamb waves propagating in the structure. The defect is revealed by the echo emitted by the diffraction of the incident wave on the defect. The modelling of Lamb waves propagation in anisotropic structures enables to select the mode. In particular, the description of the focusing phenomenon shows that the use of A₀ mode has to be preferred when the anisotropy of the propagating medium is important. To set up the monitoring strategy some experiments have been performed. Pulse-echo measurements, for which the same disc is used to excite and to detect Lamb waves, are used. Moreover, it seems necessary to compare the signal measured in a given state to a baseline signal for which other non destructive techniques have checked the lack of defect in the structure. Finally, some fatigue mechanical résistance tests of a smart repair are presented. These tests have been achieved to verify that the introduction of the discs does not degrade the performances of the repair and to test the SHM System in an environment closer to operational conditions
ZHANG, Yuxiang. "Contrôle de santé des matériaux et structures par analyse de la coda ultrasonore". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00971691.
Texto completoZhang, Yuxiang. "Contrôle de santé des matériaux et structures par analyse de la coda ultrasonore". Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA1014/document.
Texto completoWith their long and complex propagation paths, coda waves can probe the propagation medium repeatedly and show a high sensitivity to the perturbations to the medium, i.e. variations in propagation velocity. Since such variations may indicate the modification of elastic properties and Coda Wave interferometry (CWI) can determine it precisely (relative resolution of 0.001%), CWI is considered a promising method for non destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E). An experimental test is presented as an example of the CWI use on concrete for NDT&E purpose. For solving the experimental repeatability issue revealed in this test, a bias-control protocol is designed to reduce the experimental bias in CWI results. It is experimentally confirmed that this protocol can remarkably improve the reliability of CWI results and the experimental repeatability. Together with this bias-control protocol, the CWI is used to study the behaviors of concrete under uni-axial load in direct tension. Both elastic (acoustoealstic effect) and inelastic (Kaiser effect) behaviors are observed via CWI results. Effective value of acoustoelastic coefficient is then determined from CWI results and used for the detection of an early-stage damage that artificially induced to the concrete specimen. A defect-detection method of an initially linear medium (glass) is then developed by using the CWI. Due to the nonlinearity brought by the defects, acoustic mixing effect occurred, and the observation of such effect is the indication of damage. The use of a broadband pump wave and the CWI makes possible to 1) detect the damage globally without blind zone and 2) assess the damage level in an effective manner
Abou, Leyla Najib. "Contrôle santé intégré passif par corrélation de champ acoustique ambiant : Application aux structures aéronautiques". Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/fa3a198c-8d6b-49e7-96ef-883d2c5a09e1.
Texto completoStructural Health Monitoring (SHM) is an autonomous and permanent technique for checking the integrity of a mechanical structure. The interest of is to inspect the integrity of the structure in near real time, which increases reliability, and avoiding immobilization of the aircraft during the inspection phase, and thus reduce maintenance cost. The work presented here is devoted to the study of a passive SHM in aeronautics using an ambient noise cross correlation. Indeed, recent studies have shown a relationship between the correlation function of a diffuse field between two points, and the Green’s function between them. The aim is to exploit the mechanical vibrations in an aircraft during the flight. In a first step, the potential of this method is verified experimentally, and the problems and difficulties due to some imperfections of application are outlined. In a second step, a simulation tool is developed to better understand certain acoustic phenomena, and a solution to solve the problem caused by the imperfections of the application (non-diffuse field) is proposed and validated experimentally. Finally, an optimization of this solution is made with a quantification of the influence of certain parameters. For this purpose a statistical theoretical approach is made and compared with experimental results
Ghrib, Meriem. "Contrôle santé des structures composites : génération de délaminages par choc laser et quantification par apprentissage machine". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0070/document.
Texto completoIn this work, we approach delamination quantification in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates as a classification problem whereby each class corresponds to a certain damage extent. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to perform multi-class classification task. Classically, Signal Based Features (SBF) are used to train SVMs when approaching SHM from a machine learning perspective. In this work, starting from the assumption that damage causes a structure to exhibit nonlinear response, we investigate whether the use of Nonlinear Model Based Features (NMBF) increases classification performance. NMBF are computed based on parallel Hammerstein models which are identified with an Exponential Sine Sweep (ESS) signal. Dimensionality reduction of features vector using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is also conducted in order to find out if it allows robustifying the quantification process suggested in this work. The proposed quantification approach was first tested and validated using simulation results. Thereafter, experimental results on CFRP composite plates equipped with piezoelectric elements and containing various delamination severities are considered for demonstration. Delamination-type damage is introduced into samples in a calibrated and realistic way using LASER Shock Wave Technique (LSWT) and more particularly symmetrical LASER shock configuration. We have experimentally demonstrated that such a configuration of LASER shock is an effective alternative to conventional damage generation techniques such as conventional impacts and Teflon inserts since it allows for a better calibration of damage in type, depth and size
El, Rammouz Hala. "Réalisation de matrices de micro-transducteurs acoustiques : application au controle santé intégré". Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPHF0010.
Texto completoMicro-transducers networks are experiencing strong development in order to meet the require- ments of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). The latter makes it possible to assess at any time the state of health of the structure while integrating a Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) system therein. Indeed, a network of micro-transducers makes it possible to acquire several signals at the same time without carrying out a mechanical scanning making it possible to characterise the structure. At the same time, the use of ultrasonic guided waves provides an e_ective tool for the characterisation of structures. However, they have complex characteristics which make the analysis of their interactions with defects complicated. For this, it is desirable to promote the propagation of a single-mode in the structure. In this context, this thesis aims to present a model of a micro- transducers matrix for the reception of guided waves in a cylindrical structure, in particular, the _exural mode F(1,1). First, the realisation and characterisation of the micro-transducer matrices are presented. The results showed their ability to operate in the frequency range (60 kHz - 70 kHz) despite its high resonant frequency. Second, the optical and electrical measurements carried out on the matrix validated its use for applications in the SHM and the NDE of cylindrical structures while generating the F(1,1) mode
Krishna, Aditya. "Topological Imaging of Tubular Structures using Ultrasonic guided waves". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0111.
Texto completoTubular structures are widely used in a variety of industries such as Aerospace, Oil and Gas, Nuclear, etc. Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE) of these structures plays a crucial role during it’s life cycle. In order to test large structures with limited accessibility, guided wave testing was developed as a viable solution. Due to the nature of these waves, they are able to propagate over large distances without losing much of their energy. However, they are also complex in that their velocity is frequency dependent i.e. they are dispersive. Conventionally, guided wave testing require costly finite element simulations. This thesis offers an alternative to such simulations with a quick and robust method to simulate guided wave propagation in tubular structures.Based on these calculations, the aim of this work is to obtain the 3d topological image of multilayered isotropic tubular structures using ultrasonic guided waves to locate defects. A mathematical model has been proposed where the wave equation is converted to an ordinary differential equation with respect to radius 'r' using the Fourier and Laplace transforms for the spatial and temporal variables respectively. The partial wave solution, expressed as a combination of Bessel’s functions, allows for the creation of a fast robust semi-analytical algorithm to compute the Green function in tubular structures. A model to approximate numerical defects is then developed. The defect response is considered as the cumulative response of secondary sources, aiming to negate the incident and diffracted stress field present within it. Next, the numerical model is validated with experimental measurements.Finally, the technique of Topological Imaging is introduced. This method of imaging is based on the idea of performing a correlation between two wave fields for defect localization. The versatility and flexibility of the numerical tool in conjunction with the method of imaging is then successfully demonstrated by localising and imaging a multitude of numerical and experimental defects with dimensions as low as 1=40th of the wavelength
Barnoncel, David. "Etude d'un système de contrôle santé intègré pour structures sandwich composites utilisant des transducteurs piézo-électriques minces". Paris, CNAM, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CNAM0501.
Texto completoThis PhD is a study of a Integrated Health Monitoring System (IHMS) for a sandwich structure : Rafale nose. The goal of the IHMS is to detect, localize and estimate the size of damages appearing during the life. The characterization of the damages is made with Lamb waves that propagate in the structure. In order to have an integrated system we use slim piezo-electric devices. The use of the flexural wave at low frequencies is adapted to the shape of the damages. The method used with the IHMS needs to knowledge of the sandwich Lamb waves with charateristics (dissipation, Phases speed). In order to measure theses characteistics which have build a NDE system. That have also give a visualisation of the interaction of the waves with damages. The use of special signal processing method and a base references made by simulation with the IHMS signal gives a method to detect, localise and estimate the size of a real damage
Genari, Helói Francico Gentil. "Damage-Tolerant Modal Control Methods for Flexible Structures". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0032/document.
Texto completoSmart structures have increasingly become present in different industry applications and particularly in the fields of aeronautics and civil engineering. These structures have features that allow interactions with the environment, adapting their characteristics according to the needs (stiffness, damping, viscosity, etc.), monitoring their health or controlling their vibrations. Today smart structure active control methods do not respond appropriately to damage, despite the capacity of external disturbances good rejection. Damage-tolerant active control (DTAC) is a recent research area that aims to develop integrated approaches to reduce the vibrations while monitoring the integrity of the structure, identifying damage occurrence and reconfiguring the control law of the adopted active vibration control method.This thesis contributes to DTAC area, proposing a novel modal control framework and some applying strategies. Developed methods focus in non-collocated flexible structures, where multiples piezoelectric sensors and actuators are used to attenuate damaged structure vibration. The chapters present four main topics and the conclusions. Chapter 2 reviews the regular suboptimal H∞ problem and its respective solution based on the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach, which is a fundamental tool for the development of subsequent topics. Chapter 3 introduces the modal H∞-norm based method for vibration control, which reveals high modal selectivity, allowing control energy concentration on damage effects and presenting robustness to spillover and parameter variation. A new control strategy is developed in Chapter 4, taking into account existing knowledge about the structure stressed regions with high probability of damage occurrence, leading to specific requirements in the modal H∞ controller design. A structural health monitoring (SHM) technique assesses each damaged mode behavior, which is used to design a preventive controller. Chapter 5 presents a novel modal double-loop control methodology to deal with the unpredictability of damage, nevertheless ensuring a good compromise between robustness and performance to both healthy and damaged structures. For this purpose, the first loop modal controller is designed to comply with regular requirements for the healthy structure behavior, and the second loop controller is reconfigured aiming to ensure satisfactory performance and robustness when and if damage occurs, based on a state-tracking observer and an SHM technique to adapt the controller online. In all these chapters, simulated (analytical and finite elements based) and/or experimental aluminum structures are used to examine the proposed methodology under the respective control strategies. The last chapter subsumes the achieved results for each different approach described in the previous chapters
Grondel, Sébastien. "Contribution à l’optimisation du contrôle santé intégré par ondes de Lamb : Application à la surveillance de structures aéronautiques". Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/78128995-960f-471e-a183-bca2c37f9aa6.
Texto completoFribourg-Blanc, Eric. "Actionneurs en couches minces pour le contrôle santé de structures aéronautiques : étude de films de PZT et de PMNT". Valenciennes, 2003. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5bc13e2c-2559-483a-84e1-d033a921efdb.
Texto completoThe study of PZT (Pb(Zr,Ti)O3) films was undergone to demonstrate high power density actuators for structure. Based on theoretical considerations, it is experimentally shown that : a thin film coupled on a structure performs the same deformation than a bulk piezoelectric layer under the same voltage, consequently the effective transverse-plane piezoelectric coefficient is independant of the thickness of the piezoelectric material, this coefficient is constant with applied electric field, the electromechanical coupling coefficient is proportional to the actuator's thickness. This study has also clarified the evolution of electrical properties and dielectric breakdown strength of PZT films as function of their thickness and composition. Finally the synthesis and study of PMNT (Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)1-xTixO3) films give a preliminary basis for further enhancement of electromechanical power of these thin film actuators
Hoang, Huu Tinh. "Contrôle santé intégré passif par ondes élastiques guidées de tuyauteries pour applications nucléaires et pétrolières". Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPHF0023.
Texto completoStructural Health Monitoring (SHM) consists in embedding sensors into a structure in order to monitor its health inreal time throughout its lifetime. The research works carried out in this thesis aimed at developing a new approachof SHM for the detection of corrosion/erosion in pipes. This manuscript presents a new quantitative imaging method,called passive elastic guided wave tomography, based on the use of an embedded network of piezoelectric sensors(PZT) listening and analyzing only the ambient elastic noise which is naturally generated by the fluid circulation inpipes. This passive method offers many advantages for a SHM system, such as reduction of energy consumption,simplified electronics and ability to perform an inspection while the structure is in operation. In addition, thispassive method makes SHM systems possible to use Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBG) which have several advantagesover traditional PZT sensors (low intrusivity, resistance to harsh environments, etc.) but which are not able to emitwaves. A first demonstration of the feasibility of corrosion/erosion imaging by FBG is illustrated experimentallythanks to a result obtained by hybrid tomography in which wave emission is performed by PZT and reception byFBG. All these works offer promising perspectives for the application of passive tomography on industrial structuresusing a pure FBG system. Among the various results presented in this thesis, we also show that corrosion/erosiondefects can be characterized by tomography on a straight pipe without the need for a baseline measurement in apristine state. It is feasible by using a new method of auto-calibration of the data used for tomography. The absenceof baseline measurement makes the method very reliable and avoid false alarms of the system. Finally, preliminarystudies on tomography for more complex structures such as a bended pipe have been realized and validated throughsimulations
Ding, Wenxiang. "Structural health monitoring of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourges, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ISAB0008.
Texto completoUltrasonic transducers have been widely used in medical diagnostic, therapy, non-destructive evaluation, cleaning, underwater sonar, and other applications. The proper functioning of the transducer itself is a key factor in the reliability of the entire system. However, due to the misuse of operators or material degradation, defects may occur, such as breakages in cables, cracks, damaged or weakened crystals, and delamination between layers. This contribution focuses on a detail analysis of the influence of bonding delamination on the performance of the transducer, aiming to determine procedures to facilitate the monitoring of the behavior of the transducer during its lifetime and the detection of degradations before they significantly affect the performance of the system.In the frame of this work, an original two-dimensional analytical model for coupled vibrations of finite piezoelectric resonators is proposed. General solutions for all the physical quantities in Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate systems are deduced from the governing equations. They are expressed as a series of trigonometric or Bessel functions. Electrical impedance, mode shape, and frequency spectrum of piezoceramics are calculated by the proposed analytical method as well as by the finite element method. Comparison of the results of these two methods shows an excellent agreement.A systematic investigation of the influence of different kinds of bonding delamination on the performance of single-element and linear array ultrasonic transducers is presented. Finite element models are developed to show the impact of bonding delamination as well as other factors on the electromechanical admittance (EMA) of ultrasonic transducers, which are composed of a piezoceramic disk or parallelepiped, a backing, and a matching layer. Experimental studies are set up to validate the models and quantitative indicators are proposed. 3D printed backings and matching layers are mounted on piezoceramic elements to obtain an intact model transducer and delaminated ones. Comparison between numerical and experimental results show a good agreement, which allows to affirm that changes in EMA can reveal the occurrence and extent of a delamination in an ultrasound probe
Lizé, Emmanuel. "Détection d'endommagement sans état de référence et estimation de la température pour le contrôle santé intégré de structures composites par ondes guidées". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0058/document.
Texto completoThis thesis work concerns the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of aeronautical composite structures by guided waves with piezoelectric transducers (PZT). Conventional detection methods are based on the comparison of signals from the inspected structure in the current state with those measured in a healthy state (the baseline). Temperature significantly alters the measured signals and the associated diagnosis if its influence is not considered in the baseline. Also, the acquisition of the baseline is very constraining for the deployment of SHM systems in real conditions. The first contribution of this thesis is the estimation of the temperature field from the PZT measurements (modal frequency shift and static capacity), which allows to compensate the effect of temperature in the baseline without adding dedicated sensors. The second contribution of this thesis concerns baseline free methods. The detection performance of four methods are compared (reciprocity principle, amplitude variation, Lamb mode analysis and instantaneous baseline) on a numerical model and experimental cases of damages at different temperatures on a highly anisotropic composite plate. The results obtained show that the decomposition of Lamb wave modes in signals measured via dual PZTs (PZTs consisting of two concentric electrodes - a ring and a disk - on their upper side) significantly improves the detection performance of these methods. A dimensioning process for the deployment of these methods on complex anisotropic structures is proposed. These results open up promising opportunities that potentially contribute to the transfer of SHM technologies from laboratories to industry
Druet, Tom. "Tomographie passive par ondes guidées pour des applications de contrôle santé intégré". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0032/document.
Texto completoThis manuscript presents a baseline-free quantitative method for the imaging of corrosion flaws present in thin plates. This method only requires an embedded guided waves sensors network in a fully passive way. The field ofapplications are Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of critical structures with heavy constrains on both sensors intrusiveness and diagnostic reliability. A promising solution allowing to increase the number of measurement points without increasing the intrusiveness of the system is provided by the Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). However, unlike piezoelectric transducers generally used in SHM, the FBGs cannot emit elastic waves. The idea consists in using passive methods in order to retrieve the Green function from elastic diffuse fields - naturally present in structures - measured simultaneously between two sensors. In this manuscript, two passive methods are studied: the ambient noise correlation and the passive inverse filter. It is shown that the latter gives better results when coupled with tomography. Several tomography algorithms are assessed with numerical simulations and then applied to active and passive datasets measured by a PZT network. In order to make passive tomography robust, a time of flight identification method is proposed, based on a time-frequency representation. Finally, a novel experimental demonstration of passive measurements with FBGs only is presented, suggesting high potential for FBGs passive tomography
Taupin, Laura. "Modélisation des méthodes ultrasonores de surveillance de structures aéronautiques instrumentées en vue de leur optimisation". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00653553.
Texto completoTaupin, Laura. "Modélisation des méthodes ultrasonores de surveillance de structures aéronautiques instrumentées en vue de leur optimisation". Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/65/35/53/PDF/manuscrit_LTAUPIN.pdf.
Texto completoStructural health monitoring (SHM) using elastic guided waves is under study for the inspection of aircraft multilayered composite stiffened plates. Two simulation tools are developed to discuss its feasibility. The first predicts the wave propagation in the plates as a modal series by the semi-analytical finite element method (SAFE). The second tool is a hybrid computing predicting diffraction of guided waves in arbitrary incidence on a composite stiffener. The diffraction is calculated locally by finite element (FE), the global propagation by the SAFE method. The link between the two calculations is done through transparent boundaries of the FE domain avoiding artificial reflections, allowing the projection of the field in the stiffener on the modes of the plate and minimizing the FE computation domain. The tools are used in typical cases, the predictions are discussed in view of the industrial application of SHM
Goursolle, Thomas. "Propriétés acoustiques non linéaires classiques et non classiques : Applications au contrôle de santé des matériaux de l'industrie aéronautique". Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00262426.
Texto completoShahdin, Amir. "Surveillance vibratoire de l'endommagement dû à l'impact sur poutres en matériaux composites stratifiés, sandwiches et matériaux enchevêtrés par variations des paramètres modaux". Toulouse, ISAE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ESAE0019.
Texto completoDemol, Thierry. "Etude de transducteurs en barrette adaptés au contrôle santé par ondes de Lamb de structures aéronautiques composites : application a la caractérisation de l'impact basse vitesse". Valenciennes, 1998. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/97d8f63c-45e8-4817-9d51-8352caa3e003.
Texto completoNowadays, aerospace industries widely use composite materials because of their attractive characteristics. Therefore, suitable nondestructive evaluation methods have been developed. Among them, the use of Lamb waves allows the inspection of large plates with a small number of transducers, making it possible to consider eventually the design of smart materials and structures. Within these developments, the objective of this work is to design and evaluate thin transducers, consisting in several independent piezoelectric elements, called “array transducers”. In the first part, we study the propagation of Lamb waves in stratified carbon-epoxy composites, and the different methods available to inspect these materials are presented. In the second part, we design two couples of moveable transducers. The generated waves are identified using different methods and the efficiency of those transducers is compared with that of classical angled transducers. The principle on which the transducers work is verified experimentally, then improvements are proposed. In the third part, the surface of composites of different lay-ups is equipped with array transducers in order to evaluate their efficiency. The final part is devoted to an assessment of the passive behavior of the transducers when a plate is submitted to the low velocity impacts to which the composites under study are highly sensitive. The experimental results show beyond doubt that the impacts responsible for internal damage can be detected through simple signal processing. As is finally shown, all these results open up new prospects as regards the possible uses to which these array transducers can be put
Hamdi, Seif Eddine. "Contribution au traitement du signal pour le contrôle de santé in situ de structures composites : application au suivi de température et à l’analyse des signaux d’émission acoustique". Thesis, Le Mans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEMA1017/document.
Texto completoStructural health monitoring (SHM) of materials is a fundamental measure to master thedurability and the reliability of structures in service. Beyond the industrial and human issuesever increasing in terms of safety and reliability, health monitoring must cope with demandsincreasingly sophisticated. New health monitoring strategies must not only detect and identifydamage but also quantify the various phenomena involved in it. To achieve this objective, itis necessary to reach a better understanding of the damage process. Moreover, they frequentlyoccur as a result of mechanical and environmental stresses. Thus, it is essential, first, to developsignal processing methods for estimating the effects of environmental and operational conditions,in the context of the analysis of precursor events of damage mechanisms, and on theother hand, to define the damage descriptors that are the most suitable to this analysis. Thisstudy proposes signal processing methods to achieve this goal. At first, to the estimation ofexternal effects on the scattered waves in an active health control context, in a second step, tothe extraction of a damage indicator from the signals analysis of acoustic emission in a passivehealth monitoring context.In the first part of this work, four signal processing methods are proposed. These allow takinginto account the variation of environmental conditions in the structure, which in this thesis,were limited to the particular case of temperature change. Indeed, temperature changes have theeffect of altering the mechanical properties of the material and therefore the propagation velocityof ultrasonic waves. This phenomenon then causes a dilation of the acoustic signals that shouldbe estimated in order to monitor changes in temperature. Four estimators of dilation coefficientsare then studied: the intercorrelation sliding window, used as reference method, the stretchingmethod, the minimum variance estimator and the exponential transform. The first two methodshave already been validated in the literature while the latter two were developed specificallyin the context of this study. Thereafter, a statistical evaluation of the quality of estimates isconducted through Monte Carlo simulations using synthetic signals. These signals are basedon a scattered signal model taking into account the influence of temperature. A raw estimateof the computational complexity of signal processing methods also completes this evaluationphase. Finally, the experimental validation of estimation methods is performed on two types ofmaterial: First, in an aluminum plate, homogeneous medium whose characteristics are known,then, in a second step in a highly heterogeneous environment in the form of a compositeglass/epoxy plate. In these experiments, the plates are subjected to different temperatures in acontrolled thermal environment. The temperature estimates are then faced with an analyticalmodel describing the material behavior.The second part of this work concerns in situ characterization of damage mechanisms byacoustic emission in heterogeneous materials. Acoustic emission sources generate non-stationarysignals. The Hilbert-Huang transform is thus proposed for the discrimination of signals representativeof four typical sources of acoustic emission in composites: matrix cracking, debondingfiber/matrix, fiber breakage and delamination. A new time-frequency descriptor is then definedfrom the Hilbert-Huang transform and is introduced into an online classification algorithm. Amethod of unsupervised classification, based on the k-means method, is then used to discriminatethe sources of acoustic emission and the data segmentation quality is evaluated. Thesignals are recorded from blank samples, using piezoelectric sensors stuck to the surface of thematerial and sensitive samples (sensors integrated within the material)
Hamdi, Seif Eddine. "Contribution au traitement du signal pour le contrôle de santé in situ de structures composites : application au suivi de température et à l'analyse des signaux d'émission acoustique". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770664.
Texto completoHourany, Karl. "Contribution à l'exploitation du bruit ambiant pour le contrôle santé intégré passif des barres et des tubes". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0039/document.
Texto completoThe works presented in this manuscript are based on previous studies conducted at the Institute of Electronics Microelectronics and Nanotechnology of the University of Valenciennes and Hainaut Cambrésis. They concern the development of an embedded monitoring system for the control of materials and structures used in different transport domains (pipeline, aerospace, railway ...). This is the Structural Health-Monitoring principle. The idea is to integrate sensors into the surfaces of the controlled structures in order to achieve a non-destructive control system for the control of the latter during their entire lifetime. First the work done at the laboratory in this domain, are illustrated, some definitions such as ultrasonic waves, the Non Destructive Testing and the Structural Health Monitoring are recalled, to switch later to the explanation of the passage from an active control to a passive control. In a second step, an images comparison algorithm based on the local minima present in these images has been proposed and tested on simple images of sixteen pixels and was used to test the degree of resemblance between them. The explanation of the developed algorithm is divided into two parts. In the first one, we explain how to extract the local minima of an image. The second part describes the procedure for determining the rate of resemblance between the images. The simulation of the propagation of a signal in a reverberant plate and the obtaining of the frequency time images corresponding to filtered correlation (autocorrelation) has been described. The algorithm was validated on those images allowing the localization of an unknown source position
Zhou, Huan. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de systèmes à ondes de surface dans des structures multicouches piézomagnétiques pour des applications en contrôle santé intégré de MEMS par imagerie acoustique non linéaire". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991915.
Texto completoNdiaye, Elhadji Barra. "Contrôle santé de structures sandwichs composites, caractérisation et évaluation non destructives de l’adhésion et du vieillissement : simulations par éléments finis et expérimentation par mesure d’impédance et par ultrasons multiéléments". Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0007/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the ultrasonic non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) of composite materials contributing in part to the concept of structural health monitoring (SHM). Specifically, adhesion phenomena and aging of composite sandwich core honeycomb structures are of crucial interest for aeronautics. The properties related to these two phenomena were studied using theoretical models, numerical simulations and experimental results. Based on previous works, using Lamb waves allow to characterize adhesion and aging. Additional simulations were carried out with the finite element software Comsol Multiphysics©. Adhesion defects such as delamination or debonding at the interfaces have been detected and located by means of the Short Term Fourier Transform (STFT) by sliding window, both numerically and experimentally. In view of NDT industrial rates, phased array transducers allow inspection and characterization of local bonding. By comparison, the Debye series method (DSM) was conducted locally to solve the inverse problem of a cut plane of a honeycomb composite. First, sandwich structure aging was investigated using Lamb waves in the air. Second, the aging was evaluated by measuring the electromechanical impedance of a transducer in contact with the samples. These experimental results show that the resonance frequencies and widths variations depend on the degree of porosity, indicating the sensitivity of these methods to the aging
Methenni, Hajer. "Modélisation mathématique et méthode numérique pour la simulation du contrôle santé intégré par ultrasons de plaques composites stratifiées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAE002.
Texto completoThis thesis is embedded in the context of « Structural Health Monitoring ». This method of non-destructive testing aiming at monitoring in-situ an engineered structure is increasingly used in numerous industrial fields, e.g. the aeronautics industry. It is based upon elastic guided waves propagating over large distances. The interactions between incident wave fields and structural defects are gathered through a network of receiving sensors. The dispersive nature of guided waves, combined with the inherent anisotropy of some industrial materials, such as composites, makes the interpretation of the output signals difficult. The goal of this thesis is to provide meaningful numerical tools enhancing the understanding and analysis of propagation and interaction phenomena, appearing during the control experiment. The thesis lies between the physical and mathematical modelling of elastic waves and the construction of relevant numerical schemes, altogether in an innovating industrial context involving complex geometries and materials
Mounsade, Kpoundia Fadimatou. "Sida et mutations professionnelles dans les structures de santé au Cameroun : l'exemple de la prise en charge psychosociale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3122.
Texto completoThe reorganisation of HIV care in Cameroon, now essentially driven by the will to control the social aspects of the illness, disturbs the usual knowledge and practices of hospitals carriers. Firstly, the psychosocial work appears as a mix of nutritional education, social assistance and psychology follow-up. Secondly, new actors, coming in major from HIV/AIDS associations without any diploma training as doctors and nurses, are introducing as counsellors to insure the psychosocial care. The HIV patient is integrating in the treatment process by bringing models of seropositivity’s acceptation and as well as therapeutic follow up. They also insure the “pair-seropositive” psychological support. Yet, although these new agents play a central role in HIV care, they are not considering as health professionals. The tag of this thesis is to analyse how psychosocial care is ensure and how it brings out the lay expertise in order of understanding the impact of counsellor’s activities on HIV health centre and on the associations they are affiliated. This study is based on ethnographic data collected from the interview and observation of the professional practises of 193 interviewers in 15 health centres and 26 associations against HIV/AIDS were observed in 5 regions in Cameroon
Chaouch, Olfa. "Tomographie passive des ondes acoustiques : Prédiction et identification à partir du bruit ambiant". Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1035/document.
Texto completoThe work presented is in the domain of SHM. An identification method based on the cross correlations functions between piezoelectric sensors was proposed and gave birth to two criterion of identification. The first is a visual criterion, it is based on the superposition of the envelopes of the cross correlation functions obtained by Hilbert transform for two configurations, the first is a defect free configuration of reference and the other is with defect.The second criterion is numerical; it is the mean of the differences between two envelopes. The performance of these criterions was tested first on an aluminum plate in free edges conditions, using a source located in space; the intensity of this source was not controlled. The results of the first experiment has certainly shown the sensitivity of these criterion to the appearance of defects despite the randomness of the source, but also highly sensitivity to changes in the position of the source was found. In the second experiment a source not localized in space was used, and the plate was in clamped edges conditions. The proposed criterions have been tested using a single frequency sine signal as a source first and using a white noise filtered signal secondly. With the proposed criterion, the defect was certainly identified; however, it remains to find a way to locate and to characterize the defect
Goutaudier, Dimitri. "Méthode d'identification d'un impact appliqué sur une structure admettant des modes de vibration basse fréquence faiblement amortis et bien séparés". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1225/document.
Texto completoMany industrial structures operate in an environment with a high risk of collision. The detection of impacts and the assessment of their severity is a major preoccupation in Structural Health Monitoring. This work deals with the development of an impact identification technique that is applicable to a large composite structure, numerically robust and time efficient, and that requires a low number of sensors. The first step was to describe the image of the impact point in the vibration response as a modal participation vector. The idea was to introduce the existence of a discriminating modes familly to make a bijective link between the modal participations and the impact point. A least-squares procedure is developed to estimate those modal participations by measuring the vibration response of a single point on the structure. The second step was to extend the procedure to the identification of a parametric law representing the impact load history. Some conditions on measurement parameters and modal properties of the structure are identified to guarantee both the accuracy and the robustness of the procedure. The approach developed in this work is new regarding the state of the art: only one measurement point is considered for identifying an impact event. An experimental validation on an A350 crown panel indicates that the methodology is valid for large composite structures
Gélébart, Yann. "Évaluation non destructive par ultrasons du vieillissement thermique d'une structure composite". Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0002.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the detection of thermal ageing by ultrasonic methods. Fours series of plates have been tested. They correspond to different thermal ageing. Three ultrasonic non destructive evaluation methods are presented: measurement of the transmission coefficient of plane wave, measurement of the electromechanical impedance of a commercial transducer coupled to the unknown medium, a method based on the propagation characteristics of Lamb waves. For each of these methods, a model able to simulate the experimental result is presented. After a sensitivity analysis, they are used in an inverse procedure in order to obtain the evolution of the parameters of the models with ageing. It is observed that the elastic parameters C33 and C55 decrease deeply. The inhomogeneity of the plates increases with the ageing duration
Nerlikar, Vivek. "Digital Twin in Structural Health Monitoring for Aerospace using Machine Learning". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG080.
Texto completoModern engineering systems and structures often utilize a combination of materials such as metals, concrete, and composites, carefully optimized to achieve superior performance in their designated functions while also minimizing overall economic costs. Primarily, engineering structures are subjected to dynamic loads during their operational life. The manufacturing issues and/or the perpetual dynamic operations often lead to some changes into a system that adversely impact its present and/or future performance; these changes can be defined as damage. The identification of damage is a crucial process that ensures the smooth functioning of equipment or structures throughout their life cycle. It alerts the maintenance department to take the necessary measures for repair. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a potential damage identification technique which has attracted more attention in the last few decades. It has the capability to overcome the downsides of traditional Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). In this thesis, we used Ultrasonic Guided Waves (GW) technique for SHM. However, sensitivity of GW to Environmental and Operational Conditions (EOC) modify the response signals to mask defect signatures. This makes it difficult to isolate defect signatures using methods such as baseline comparison, where damage-free GW signals are compared with current acquisitions Baseline-free methods can be an alternative, but they are limited to simple geometries. Moreover, high sensitivity of GW to EOC and measurement noise poses a challenge in modelling GW through physics-based models. The recent advancements in Machine Learning (ML) has created a new modelling axis, including data-driven modelling and physics-based modelling, often referred to as Scientific ML. Data-driven modelling is extremely helpful to model the phenomena that cannot be explained by physics, allowing for the isolation of subtle defect signatures and the development of robust damage detection procedures. However, ML-based methods require more data to capture all the information to enhance the generalization capability of ML models. SHM, on the other hand, tends to generate mostly damage-free data, as damage episodes seldom occur. This particular gap can be filled through physics-based modeling. In this approach, the modeling capabilities of physics-based models are combined with measurement data to explain unexplainable phenomena using ML. The primary objective of this thesis is to develop a data-driven damage detection methodology for identifying defects in composite panels. This methodology is designed for monitoring similar structures, such as wind or jet turbine blades, without requiring pristine (damage-free) states of all structures, thereby avoiding the need for direct baseline comparisons. The second goal is to develop a physics-based ML model for integrating physics-based simulations with experimental data within the context of a Digital Twin. The development of this physics-based ML model involves multi-fidelity modeling and surrogate modeling. To validate this model, we utilize an experimental and simulation dataset of an Aluminium panel. Furthermore, the developed model is employed to generate realistic GW responses at the required damage size and sensor path. These generated signals are then used to compute a Probability of Detection (POD) curve, assessing the reliability of a GW-based SHM system
Cury, Alexandre. "Techniques d'anormalité appliquées à la surveillance de santé structurale". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00581772.
Texto completoGarant, Vivianne. "Perception de contrôle, désir de contrôle et santé psychologique". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1993. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5253/1/000607725.pdf.
Texto completoHervieux, Geneviève. "Formes de relations et d'unions entre supérieur et subordonné (RSS) : étude dans un milieu hospitalier". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29967/29967.pdf.
Texto completoThe literature is overflowing with research on leadership and workplace communication, but relatively few studies deal specifically with the superior-subordinate relationship (SSR). The topic of our research is thus the SSR and its individual and organizational impacts. The goal of this thesis was to identify the characteristics of the SSR and its implications, using a relationship or bond typology inspired from Bauman (1995). This new typology, informed by sociological and philosophical theory, proposes four kinds of SSRs along a continuum of relationship intensity: being-aside, being-with, being-aligned, and being-for. The exploratory and qualitative research, which was conducted in a hospital setting with 26 superior-subordinate dyads (semi-structured interviews with 9 managers and 26 employees), yielded 11 elements that could be grouped under 4 descriptive relationship characteristics: social and organizational regulation, relationship closeness-distance, commonality of interests, and concern for the other. The content analysis revealed eight being-with dyads and 14 being-aligned dyads. It further demonstrated a significant reciprocity in actors' perceptions about their SSR: we found 22 balanced dyads, wherein superiors and subordinates perceived their relationship the same way (85%) and four unbalanced dyads (15%). With respect to the balanced dyads, our data yielded a description of these SSR types and their impacts. The latter relate mostly to workplace climate, motivation, sense of trust, communication, and authenticity of interactions. The links between the SSR types and the relationship characteristics are also discussed. The unbalanced dyads were essentially associated with negative work-engendered consequences, specifically with respect to emotional and psychological well-being. The organizational context factors that foster or limit the development of SSRs were also investigated, along with the notions of leadership, subordination, power, and communication. Finally, this research presents the potential implications of this SSR model as well as its limitations. More empirical studies are needed to investigate this SSR model further. Keywords: superior-subordinate relationship (SSR), relationship closeness-distance, commonality of professional interests, concern for other, leadership, communication, psychological well-being, emotions in the workplace, organizational impacts, individual impacts, exploratory approach, qualitative research.
Suweca, Wayan. "Contrôle vibratoire des structures". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECDL0032.
Texto completoVu, Duc-Chuan. "Contrôle sismique des structures". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLY015/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is motivated by various questions that arise regarding the use of base isolation in the nuclear industry. Unlike the majority of previous work on base isolation in general and mixed isolation in particular, which focus mainly on the response of the isolated structure (interstorey drifts, maximum accelerations of floors, etc.), this work focuses on the behavior of equipment, through the study of floor response spectra. The main objective is to reduce the deformation of the isolators without amplification of the response of the higher modes, which may appear under certain conditions and which can be a source of equipment solicitation. To this end, alternatives to the commonly used base isolators are explored. These are combinations of a low damping rubber bearing with a Maxwell element (relaxation isolator) or a semi-active hydraulic damper (mixed base isolation system).Maxwell element behaves like a damper in low frequency and as a low stiffness spring in high frequency. Hence it meets the above objectives. . Regarding isolation systems, three semi-active control techniques are proposed. In order to improve the performance of the control, the seismic excitation and the characteristics of the damper are taken into account in the design of the controller. Numerical analyzes confirm the effectiveness of these systems. Having in mind implementation of these methods to real structures, some practical aspects such as, observation of the system, effects of model reduction, considered by the controller, or time delay on the control performance, as well as the control of a set of redundant semi-active devices, are also studied
Bouaziz, Hamza. "Contrôle vibratoire des structures assemblées". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC041/document.
Texto completoBecause of their lightness the aerospace structures are vulnerable to vibrations whose the amplitudes need to be mitigated through the active and the semi active methods. For extreme temperatures (<20oC and > 100oC), Coulomb friction might provide more structural damping than polymers. Nevertheless, there is a consensus to say that these friction-damping values are often lower than 5%. Moreover friction damping is amplitudedependent. Therefore, engineers have to tune the normal load in order to get the maximum damping for the average vibration level. The first objective of the thesis is to define a coefficient indicator of the ability of the tightening force to control the vibration levels. This coefficient is a design tool of real structures witch need controlling. The second objective is to design semi-active control laws of the clamping force for free and forced modal problem of two degrees of freedom. The ultimate goal is to design a device that can be integrated to an assembly structure for controlling the normal load in the joints and then experimentally test the effectiveness of the laws control for an academic or an industrial structure. The tightening control forces is effected with the use of piezoelectric patches
Collet, Manuel. "Contrôle actif des structures rayonnantes". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0029.
Texto completoHafidi, Alaoui Hamza. "Imagerie topologique ultrasonore des milieux périodiques". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0388/document.
Texto completoThe detection, localization and monitoring of the evolution of defects in periodic media and waveguides is a major issue in the field of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). Wave propagation in such media is complex, for example when the velocity depends on the frequency (dispersion) or direction of propagation (anisotropy). The signature of the defect can also be "embedded" in the acoustic field reflected by the structure (reverberation or multiple diffusion). It is to answer these stakes of the size that the Topological Optimization (TO) has been adapted to the problems of diffraction of the acoustic waves by infinitesimal defects in order to obtain reflectivity images of the inspected media. The method can be applied to all kinds of media, regardless of their complexity, provided an exact simulation of the wave propagation in a reference medium (without defects) is performed. Inspired by the TO, the work of this thesis proposes to implement qualitative imaging methods adapted to the specificities of Phononic Crystals (PC) and waveguides. First, we focus on the description of the mathematical formalism of Topological Optimization and Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI). Although these methods do not try to solve the same inverse problems, we highlight their similarities. In a second step, we apply Topological Imaging (TI) to the inspection in pulse-echo configuration of weakly heterogeneous media. Thirdly, we draw inspiration from TI to define a new variant of this method called Hybrid Topological Imaging (HTI).We apply these methods for the pulse-echo configuration inspection of PCs created by steel rods immersed in water.We compare the performance of these methods according to the kind of defects in the PC. Numerical simulations for some case studies are supported by conclusive experimental trials. In a fourth step, we adapt the TI to a pitch-catch configuration in order to implement a new method of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of waveguides. In this regard, we have developed a new imaging method that is better suited than TI to pitch-catch configurations
Lemartinel, Antoine. "Development of self-sensing structural composites parts for wind mill blades monitoring". Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS466.
Texto completoThe growing demands for electrical energy, especially renewable, is boosting the development of wind turbines equipped with longer composite blades. To reduce the maintenance cost of such huge composite parts, the structural health monitoring (SHM) is an approach to anticipate and/or follow the structural behaviour along time. To do so, a proper instrumentation is necessary and has to be as less intrusive as possible. To this end, the development of carbon nanotube- epoxy Quantum Resistive Sensor (QRS) is presented. QRS can be as well glued on the surface or embedded in the core of the composite structure during the stacking sequence. During manufacturing, both the temperature and resin crosslinking can be detected with the change in the QRS electrical characteristics. Once the structural part is made, the effect of the external parameters (strain rate, temperature, humidity, Poisson ratio…) on the electrical characteristics of QRS has been studied. During the composite life, the QRS electrical behaviour has also demonstrate its capability to detect the initiation and propagation of damage until final failure. A non-intrusive monitoring with QRS of the structure life cycle, from manufacturing until final breakage is therefore possible
Roberti, Vincent. "Contrôle de structures : théories et applications". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ECDL0019.
Texto completoColasse, Sophie. "Hôpital, Territoire, Santé : l'émergence d'un contrôle de gestion médicalisé ?" Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00732241.
Texto completoCoustal, Pierre. "Contribution au contrôle robuste des structures flexibles". Paris, ENMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMP0763.
Texto completoAmrane, Mohamed Nadir. "Contrôle passif et actif des structures planes". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECDL0006.
Texto completoMokrani, Sabrina. "L'évolution du contrôle de l'état sur les établissements de santé". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0302/document.
Texto completoA study about the regulation of the health facilities is essential regarding the many evolutions in the matter. This activity’s oddity allowed to introduce legal processes disturbing the application of public law. The necessity to maintain a right of inspection on every health’s facility has favored the overtake of a regulation based on the organic standard to introduce a new way of control based on a primarily functional approach of the health system. The care offer’s perception allows, on the one hand, to harmonize the rules applicable to the entirety of health’s facilities, on the other hand, to exceed the divide between public and private law. Besides, the study broached as part of this work allows to reveal that the traditional conceptions of regulation are progressing. Consequently, the latter seems to extend in the way to slip inside a new kind of regulation inspired by Anglo-Saxon’s model based on guidance. This new approach is not without consequences, because it gradually brings about a reassessment of autonomy and freedoms known to privates and publics health’s facilities
Tuloup, Corentin. "Process and structural health monitoring of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMC) using embedded piezoelectric transducers". Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. https://bibliotheque.utc.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/2020COMP2593.
Texto completoThis innovative work studies the interest of integrating piezoelectric transducers (ceramic and/or polymer-based) within Polymer- Matrix Composite materials (PMC) to perform real-time and in-situ monitoring of their manufacturing process (Process Monitoring PM) as well as their lifespan (Structural Health Monitoring SHM). To do this, the piezoelectric transducers were integrated into the heart of the fibrous stacks using an innovative methodology developed within the "Materials and Surfaces" research team at the Roberval laboratory. The Liquid Resin Infusion (LRI) manufacturing system used (PM campaign), as well as the resulting samples tested mechanically (SHM campaign), were multi-instrumented using several Non-Destructive Testing devices (NDT: Acoustic Emission (AE), Infrared Thermography (IRT), Digital Image Correlation (DIC), etc.) in order to establish multi-physical couplings between the signals of external NDT techniques and the internal signature (electrical capacitance) coming from the transducers integrated into the heart of the material. In PM, the piezoceramic (PZT) transducers were found to be sensitive to the various key steps of the LRI process (flow front passing, impregnation, end of injection, chemo-physical transitions during curing and associated consolidation rates) achieved at different hardener rates, and able to detect manufacturing defects. These results showed great potential, worthy of future use on an industrial scale. In SHM, after verification of the non-intrusiveness of the ceramic and polymer-based transducers integrated into the heart of the mechanical test specimens, the polymer transducers allowed a real-time evaluation of the triaxial strain state and the rigidity loss experienced by the host PMC during its mechanical loading. However, despite a Non-Working Threshold (NWT) linked to the brittleness of their constitutive material, the piezoceramic transducers have shown a high sensitivity to the detection and monitoring of damage in real-time when they are positioned intelligently with respect to the mechanical stress. These thesis works ended with a first attempt aimed at transposing the knowledge acquired on PM and SHM of in-situ piezoelectric transducers from a 2D “laboratory” scale to a 3D structural one closer to industrial realities. The multi-instrumented manufacturing of an “Omega” stiffener PMC structure integrating 14 piezoelectric transducers (PZT and P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer) and reinforced through-the-thickness by a carbon tuft thread allowed confirming the previously evidenced PM abilities of the PZT, and showed a difference between how the electrical capacitance signals of PZT and copolymers react to the whole manufacturing process