Tesis sobre el tema "Contrôle d'attitude de satellite"
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Leduc, Harmonie. "Contrôle adaptatif robuste. Application au contrôle d'attitude de satellites". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0022/document.
Texto completoThis manuscript deals with robust direct adaptive control, and its application to CNES microsatellites attitude control. After listing the different types of time-varying controllers, we recall the characteristics of direct adaptive control. In particular, we recall that the knowledge of a stabilizing static output feedback is sufficient to design a direct adaptive controller. In parallel, we introduce the descriptor system theory. Modelizing a system into descriptor form is not usual but fits well with robust direct adaptive control. Starting from existing results about adaptive control and descriptor system theory, we provide an LMI based method which allows to compute, with the knowledge of a stabilizing static output feedback, the parameters of a stabilizing direct adaptive controller. A first result proves that the adaptive controller is at least as robust as the static output feedback. The second result allows to prove improved robustness at the expense of relaxing stability of the equilibrium point to practical stability, that is convergence to a neighborhood of the equilibrium. Then, we provide a method, LMI based as well, which allows to design a robust direct adaptive controller which has a better level of rejection of the perturbations than the static output feedback from which it is designed. All these theoretical results are applied to the attitude control of CNES microsatellites. We design a controller which stabilizes the attitude of the satellite whatever the value of its inertia. This attitude controller can also avoid the satellite reaction wheels to saturate. We design another robust adaptive attitude controller which has a better level of rejection of the perturbations than the static controller which is currently implemented aboard CNES satellites. Finally, we validate all the results of this manuscript by simulating on a AOCS CNES simulator the deployment of the satellite masts and some guiding jumps
Luzi, Alexandru. "Commande variant dans le temps pour le contrôle d'attitude de satellites". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0006/document.
Texto completoThis manuscript considers time varying control, with a strong emphasis on a satellite attitude control application. Three types of control structures have been studied: a switch-based approach, LPV control and direct adaptive control. In this last field we have introduced new theoretical results which allow structuring the gain and the adaptation law. The results have been validated in simulation and are currently tested on board a satellite. Starting from the switch-based control law currently implemented on the Myriade satellites, a first part of our work isdedicated to LPV control. Based on the specification of the control objectives by using of an LPV reference model, our approach allows obtaining new control algorithms expressed within this framework. The simulations carried out with theLPV algorithms obtained by using this method show that they meet the needs of our application. Nonetheless, the choice of a reference model proves to be difficult. This obstacle has been surpassed by using direct adaptive control. In this approach, specifications regarding the timevarying behaviour are added through constraints on the laws defining the control gains adaptation. We thus introduce anew synthesis method, based on which structured adaptive control laws are obtained. Stability proofs are established based on tools of the Lyapunov theory.The results obtained on a complete simulator show the interest of using such adaptive algorithms, which allow in particular to modify the satellite dynamics depending on the available capacity of the actuators. Based on these positive results, a fight-test campaign on the PICARD satellite is underway
Luzi, Alexandru. "Commande variante dans le temps pour le contrôle d'attitude de satellites". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979605.
Texto completoKhorev, Andrey. "Hardware/Software prototyping of a miniaturized star tracker system for a nanosatellite platform". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT248/document.
Texto completoFrom the early days of the space age, satellites were considered as a solution for many scientific and practical tasks, notably astronomy, Earth observation and telecommunication. Traditionally and to the present day, mostly large satellites with a mass from several hundred kilograms to several tons are used for these purposes. The key success factor of such space missions is a fine control of satellite’s attitude. To ensure high pointing accuracy, satellite’s attitude determination and control subsystem (ADCS) relies on precise three-dimensional attitude data provided by an opto-electronic instrument called star tracker (ST). The use of stars as reference objects allows to determine the satellite’s attitude in real time with an arc-second precision.A significant work on miniaturization of satellite subsystems carried out in the past twenty years, allows us today to build a complete satellite with a mass of only a few kilograms. An increasing number of successful nano- and picosatellite missions demonstrates constantly improving capabilities of modern miniaturized satellite platforms. However, until recently, integration of a star tracker into a nanosatellite was not possible because of a large size of the device and relatively high power consumption, and that limited possible applications of the nanosatellites. In attempt to change the situation, in the last five years about a dozen of miniature star tracker prototypes, suitable for nanosatellite platforms, were proposed by various developers. Some were successfully tested in space, yet most prototypes, including the tiniest ones, are still at the development stage.A modern star tracker is a system, that can be represented as two modules, a digital camera module and a processing module. Use of a compact camera lens and a small-size image sensor allows to significantly reduce overall mass and size of the device, and at the same time, may cause significant image quality deterioration, due to increased distortion, uncompensated spherical and chromatic aberration, lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and overall lower light sensitivity of the camera module. Thus, embedded software of the processing module, responsible for pre-processing, star identification and attitude calculation, should take into account the limitations imposed by the miniaturization of the camera module. At the same time, hardware architecture of the processing module should have the capacity to perform necessary correction of the digital image in real time, and to ensure stability and expected performance of the star identification and attitude calculation routines.The goal of hardware and software prototyping of a miniature star tracker system, carried out in this work, is to evaluate various design solutions, that could be brought into the camera or into the processing module, in order to help the miniaturization of the system. Another goal is to analyze the impact of every hardware and software component on the overall performance of a miniaturized star tracker system. Among the list of star tracker characteristics, the initial attitude estimation time and the attitude output rate became the focus of the research. Current work addresses possible performance bottlenecks, that may appear on any step of star tracker operation, from capturing starlight to calculation of components of the attitude quaternion, and proposes an original solution to speed-up the star identification routine
Gavrilovich, Irina. "Développement d'un système robotique pour des essais au sol du système de contrôle d'attitude et d'orbite d'un CubeSat". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT329/document.
Texto completoAfter the launch of the first artificial Earth satellite in 1957, the evolution of various technologies has fostered the miniaturization of satellites. In 1999, the development of standardized modular satellites with masses limited to a few kilograms, called CubeSats, was initiated by a joint effort of California Polytechnic State University and Stanford University. Since then, CubeSats became a widespread and significant trend, due to a number of available off-the-shelf low cost components.In last years, the number of launched CubeSats constantly grows, but less than half of all CubeSat missions achieved their goals (either partly or completely). The analysis of these failures shows that the most evident cause is a lack of proper component-level and system-level CubeSat testing. An especially challenging task is Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) tests of the Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS). A system devoted to these tests shall offer reliable simulations of the space environment and allow realistic CubeSat motions. The most relevant approach to provide a satellite with such test conditions consists in using air bearing platforms. However, the possible satellite motions are strictly constrained because of geometrical limitations, which are inherent in the air bearing platforms. Despite 15 years of CubeSat history, the list of the air bearing platforms suitable for CubeSat ADCS test is very limited.This thesis is devoted to the design and development of an air bearing testbed for CubeSat ADCS HIL testing. The main novelty of the proposed testbed design consists in using four air bearings instead of one and in utilizing a robotic arm, which allows potentially unconstrained CubeSat motions. Besides the testbed design principle, this thesis deals with the related issues of the determination of the CubeSat orientation by means of contactless measurements, and of the behavior of the air bearings, as well as with the need of a mass balancing method.In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed design, a prototype of the testbed is developed and tested. Several modifications aimed at simplifying the structure and at shortening the fabrication timeline have been made. For this reason, the Adept Viper s650 robot is involved in place of a custom-designed 4DoF robotic arm. A control strategy is proposed in order to provide the robot with a proper motion to follow the CubeSat orientation. Finally, the obtained results are presented and the overall assessment of the proposed testbed is put into perspective
Le, Thuc Rémy. "Identification en vol des modes souples de panneaux solaires et application au contrôle d'attitude de satellites géostationnaires". Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4358.
Texto completoMagnani, Guido. "Advanced satellite attitude control strategies under actuation constraints and multiple sources of disturbance". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://depozit.isae.fr/theses/2024/2024_Magnani_Guido_D.pdf.
Texto completoIn a scenario of highly autonomous geostationary satellites, with self-assembly and self-maintenance capabilities, manipulator arms perturbations coupled with fuel slosh dynamics represents a significant risk of performance degradation for the satellite attitude and orbit control system. While passive fuel slosh damping solutions and manipulator arm disturbances compensators exist by their own, a unique active control solution capable of rejecting the perturbations while optimally preventing the actuators saturation is lacking and of great interest in the space industry for weight, cost and complexity of manufacturing reduction. This study explores the integration of $H_{infty}$-based robust control and model reference adaptive control techniques with reference governor schemes. The objective is to propose a unique control solution to guarantee precise satellite attitude control in the presence of unmodeled perturbations and actuator constraints. The theoretical advancements from this research also extend to scenarios such as handling propeller failures in quadrotors under state and input constraints and optimizing the design of the guidance modes for satellite missions like the CNES Microcarb mission
Valentin, Luangraj Sontsada. "Vers une approche non-linéaire de la commande d'attitude de satellites par jets de gaz". Toulouse, ENSAE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ESAE0019.
Texto completoTrégouët, Jean-François. "Synthèse de correcteurs robustes périodiques à mémoire et application au contrôle d'attitude de satellites par roues à réaction et magnéto-coupleurs". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESAE0033/document.
Texto completoThis manuscript reviews contributions to the development of systematic methods for analysis and control of periodic uncertain systems. An important part of this thesis is also dedicated to the design of attitude control systems for satellites whose dynamics is naturally represented as a periodic model subject to uncertainties. The first part is devoted to the developpement of a unifying presentation of the analysis and synthesis results of periodic, uncertain and discrete-time models via methods relying on linear matrix inequalities (LMI) and based on Lyapunov theory. Subsequently, the focus is on a new class of periodic control laws with memory for which the control input is constructed using history of the states of the system kept in memory. Numerical experiments show that these new degrees of freedom can outperformed the existing results. The second part deals with periodic and robustness aspects of attitude control of a satellite using magnetorquers. These actuators use the geomagnetic field that varies periodically along the orbital trajectory. Different control strategies are implemented and compared with one another with the constant concern of taking the main limitations of the actuators into account. This approach leads to a new control law regulating the momentum of the reaction wheels without disturbing attitude control for which the control effort is shared by all actuators
VALENTIN, CHARBONNEL CATHERINE. "Commande robuste avec contrainte d'ordre, par la norme h-infini et le formalisme lmi - application au controle d'attitude d'un satellite d'observation de la terre". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112268.
Texto completoChassoulier, Damien. "Suspension magnétique pour roue d'inertie orientable". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0079.
Texto completoKeraï, El-Yazid. "Contribution à l'étude du contrôle de l'attitude d'un satellite artificiel". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DENS0013.
Texto completoJean, Isabelle. "Contrôle autonome d'orbite pour un satellite de télédétection utilisant la propulsion faible". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1253.
Texto completoMattei, Giovanni. "Robust nonlinear control : from continuous time to sampled-data with aerospace applications". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112025/document.
Texto completoThe dissertation deals with the problems of stabilization and control of nonlinear systems with deterministic model uncertainties. First, in the context of uncertain systems analysis, we introduce and explain the basic concepts of robust stability and stabilizability. Then, we propose a method of stabilization via state-feedback in presence of unmatched uncertainties in the dynamics. The recursive backstepping approach allows to compensate the uncertain terms acting outside the control span and to construct a robust control Lyapunov function, which is exploited in the subsequent design of a compensator for the matched uncertainties. The obtained controller is called recursive Lyapunov redesign. Next, we introduce the stabilization technique through Immersion \& Invariance (I\&I) as a tool to improve the robustness of a given nonlinear controller with respect to unmodeled dynamics. The recursive Lyapunov redesign is then applied to the attitude stabilization of a spacecraft with flexible appendages and to the autopilot design of an asymmetric air-to-air missile. Contextually, we develop a systematic method to rapidly evaluate the aerodynamic perturbation terms exploiting the deterministic model of the uncertainty. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is highlighted through several simulations in the second case-study considered. In the final part of the work, the technique of I\& I is reformulated in the digital setting in the case of a special class of systems in feedback form, for which constructive continuous-time solutions exist, by means of backstepping and nonlinear domination arguments. The sampled-data implementation is based on a multi-rate control solution, whose existence is guaranteed for the class of systems considered. The digital controller guarantees, under sampling, the properties of manifold attractivity and trajectory boundedness. The control law, computed by finite approximation of a series expansion, is finally validated through numerical simulations in two academic examples and in two case-studies, namely the cart-pendulum system and the rigid spacecraft
Fitton, Stéphanie. "Le rôle explicatif des variables d'attitude et de personnalité dans les intentions de départ : Le cas des managers français". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0843/document.
Texto completoThe many turnover models that can be found in the literature on human resources management illustrate the importance of human resources teams to consider this topic. The objective of this research is to study the organizational and individual factors that influence the intention of French managers to quit from the private sector. This involves analyzing the effects of organizational variables such as perceived organizational support, career satisfaction, work-family conflict, hierarchical plateauing, and two personality variables, locus of control and career anchors on the intentions of departure.To answer these research questions, a questionnaire survey was conducted in September 2015 with French managers from different companies. The sample is composed of 305 respondents.The results show the preponderant role of perceived organizational support, whose effects on intention to quit are moderated by the locus of control. Thus, it appears that the most internal managers, if they feel supported by their employer, are more likely to be satisfied with their careers and have less than the most external role conflicts between their family and professional lives or still have a hierarchical plateauing. On the other hand, our results show that if they have a negative perception of their employer's support, they develop more intentions than external profiles to quit.Socio-demographic variables such as length of service, length of service, age or earnings contribute to explaining the intention to leave the company
Lamy, au Rousseau Georges. "Restitution d'attitude d'un satellite à haute manoeuvrabilité par un viseur stellaire à matrice APS : Amélioration de l'autonomie et de la robustesse par couplage gyrométrique". Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES047.
Texto completoThe use of CMOS-APS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor-Active Pixel Sensor) photodetector arrays instead of CCD (Coupled Charge Device) in the star tracker applications is studied. Star trackers associated technologies and methods are first exposed. In a second time, characterisation of an APS imaging is done. The same study concerning the gyros is conducted. A conclusion allows to estimate the necessary modifications concerning the computation operations. The algorithmical approach is then examined. Two star pattern recognition algorithms, noise tolerant, are proposed. Data fusion methods, based on Kalman filter and REQUEST (REcursive QUaternion EStimator) alogithm are studied. Optimal solutions are selected to result to an attitude measurement system composed of an APS imaging array hybridised with an tri-axis gyro bloc. This system is high dynamic robust, delivers a high frequency attitude information, has a low power consumption and uses low cost components
Abi, Fadel Rima. "Analyse des performances et contrôle d'accès à un canal satellite Low Earth Orbit LEO". Paris, ENST, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENST0007.
Texto completoThe complex problem of admission control in a multi service low earth orbit satellite constellation is addressed and examined at different time scales. Such constellations present the main advantage of a possible interconnection with the terrestrial part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, ensuring its global access. The radio resource being a rare and expensive one, it is important to share it efficiently between different users with different needs. Three service classes are considered: voice, data with guarantees and data with no guarantees requirements at all. Service at different time scales is considered starting with the call level for all classes, then the service at the burst level is proposed and finally at the packet level, intermediate combinations of mixed service levels are also examined
Tra, Ferdinand. "Contrôle d'admission des connexions pour les systèmes de télécommunications par satellite avec des liaisons physiques adaptatives". Toulouse, ISAE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ESAE0021.
Texto completoDurand, Fabien. "Contrôle des couches superficielles des océans tropicaux par assimilation de données satellite : application au Pacifique tropical". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30138.
Texto completoHua, Minh Duc. "Contributions au contrôle automatique de véhicules aériens". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460801.
Texto completoAntoine, Olivier. "Contrôle optimal et robuste de l'attitude d'un lanceur. Aspects théoriques et numériques". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS196/document.
Texto completoThe first objective of this work is to study some aspects of the attitude control problem of a rigid body, in order to optimize the trajectory of a launcher during a ballistic flight. We state this problem in a general mathematical setting, as an optimal control problem with intermediate constraints on the state. Meanwhile, we also implement an optimization software that relies on the combination of a direct method and of an interior-point algorithm to optimize any given ballistic flight, with any number of intermediate constraints, corresponding to any number of satellite separations. Besides, we applied the so-called indirect methods, exploiting Pontryagin maximum principle, to the resolution of this optimal control problem. In this work, optimal trajectories with respect to the consumption are looked after, which corresponds to a L 1 cost. Known to be numerically challenging, this criterion can be reached by performing a continuation procedure, starting from a L 2 cost, for which it is easier to provide a good initialization of the underlying optimization algorithm. We shall also study other examples of applications for continuation procedures. Eventually, we will present a robust control algorithm, allowing to reach a target point from a perturbed initial point, following a nominal trajectory while preserving its bang-bang structure. The robustness of a control can be improved introducing needle-like variations, and a criterion to measure the robustness of a trajectory is designed, involving the singular value decomposition of some end-point mapping
Duchez, Aurélie. "Contrôle du courant Nord Méditerranéen dans le golfe du Lion : une approche par simulation du système d’observation". Thesis, Toulon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUL0005.
Texto completoOcean circulation in the Gulf of Lions is both influenced by intense atmospheric forcings and the North Mediterranean Current (NMC). A 1/16◦ configuration of the Gulf of Lions has been used to represent the complex dynamics of this area but does not allow a correct modeling of the NMC. We have used the SEEK filter data assimilation method to combine the information contained in the model and the one coming from synthetic in situ and altimetric observations (from SARAL-AltiKa altimeter). Those observations have been extracted from a realist 1/64◦ configuration of the Gulf of Lions. To assess the quality of results, statistical and physical diagnostics have been developed and show a good quality of the experiment. Thanks to a better representation of this current at the surface and at depth as well as its mesoscale activity, we have managed to improve the quantity of cross shelf exchanges. Consequently, we have managed to improve shelf water characteristics, which have thus allowed the formation of dense waters in winter, their convection and cascading over the shelf break. Rhône river plume characteristics have also been improved thanks to data assimilation. We have finally shown that assimilating those new kinds of observations in operational systems should allow the control of small scale processes closed to the coast that are not controlled with present observational systems
Perez, Gonzalez Jose Alvaro. "Commande robuste structurée : application au co-design mécanique / contrôle d’attitude d’un satellite flexible". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0026/document.
Texto completoIn this PhD thesis, the integrated control/structure design of a large flexible spacecraft isaddressed using structured H1 synthesis. The problem is endeavored by developing a modeling technique forflexible multibody systems, called the Two Input Two Output Port (TITOP) model. This general frameworkallows the assembly of a flexible multibody system in chain-like or star-like structure, using finite elementmodels as input data. Additionally, the TITOP modeling technique allows the consideration of parametricvariations inside the system, a necessary characteristic in order to perform integrated control/structure design. In contrast to another widely used method, the assumed modes method, the TITOP modelling technique is robust against changes in the boundary conditions which link the flexible bodies. Furthermore, the TITOP modeling technique can be used as an accurate approximation even when kinematic nonlinearities can be large. The TITOP modeling technique is extended to the modeling of piezoelectric actuators and sensors for the control of flexible structures and revolute joints. Different control strategies, either for controlling rigid body and flexible body motion, are tested with the developed models for obtaining the best controller’s architecture in terms of perturbation rejection and vibration damping. The implementation of the integrated control/structure design in the structured H1 scheme is developed considering the different system’s specifications, such as system’s bandwidth or modes damping, in the form of H1 weighting functions. The integrated attitude control/structure design of a flexiblesatellite is performed using all the developed techniques and the optimization of the control law and severalstructural parameters is achieved
Guy, Nicolas. "Modèle et commande structurés : application aux grandes structures spatiales flexibles". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESAE0036/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis, modeling and robust attitude control problems of large flexible space structures are considered. To meet the required pointing performance of future space missions scenarios, we propose to directly optimize a reduced order control law on high order model validation and criteria that directly exploit the model structure. Thus, the work of this thesis is naturally divided into two parts : one part on obtaining a wisely structured dynamic model of the spacecraft to be used in the synthesis step, a second part about getting the law control. This work is illustrated on the example of the academic spring-masses system, which is the simplest representation of a one degree of freedom flexible system. In addition, a geostationary satellite study case is processed to validate developed approaches on a more realistic example of an industrial problem
Pirovano, Alain. "Contrôle d'admission et allocation de ressources dans les réseaux ATM par satellites". Paris, ENST, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENST0017.
Texto completoMesurolle, Maël. "Modélisation numérique en vue de la conception d'un actionneur SCAO magnétohydrodynamique de précision". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/16512/1/Mesurolle_Mael.pdf.
Texto completoGazzino, Clément. "Stratégies de maintien à poste pour un satellite géostationnaire à propulsion tout électrique". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30001/document.
Texto completoGeostationary spacecraft have to stay above a fixed point of the Earth, on a so-called geostationary Earth orbit. For this orbit, the orbital period of the spacecraft is equal to the rotation period of the Earth. Because of orbital disturbances, spacecraft drift away their station keeping position. It is therefore mandatory to create control strategies in order to make the spacecraft stay in the vicinity of the station keeping position. Due to their high thrust capabilities, chemical thrusters have been widely used. However nowadays electric propulsion based thrusters with their high specific impulse are viable alternative in order to decrease the spacecraft mass or increase its longevity. The use of such a system induce the necessity to handle operational constraints because of the limited on-board power. These operational constraints are difficult to take into account in the mathematical transcription of the station keeping problem in an optimal control problem with control and state constraints. This thesis proposed two techniques in order to solve this optimal control problem. The first one is based on the computation of first order necessary conditions and consists in decomposing the overall problem in three sub-problems, leading to a three-step decomposition method. The first step solves an optimal control problem without the operational constraints. The second steps enforces these operational constraints thanks to dedicated equivalence schemes and the third one optimises the switching times of the control profile thanks to a method borrowed from the switched systems theory. The second proposed method consists in parametrising the on-off control profile with binary functions. After a time discretisation of the station keeping horizons, the operational constraints are easily recast as linear constraints on integer variables, the dynamics is numerically integrated and the station keeping problem is recast as a mixed integer linear programming problem. After the resolution of the problem over a short time horizon of one week, the station keeping problem is solved over a long time horizon of one year. To this end, the long time horizon is split in shorter horizons over which the problem is successively solved. End-of-cycle constraints have been set up in order to ensure the feasibility of the solution one short horizon after another
Duchez, Aurélie. "Contrôle du courant Nord Méditerranéen dans le golfe du Lion : une approche par simulation du système d'observation". Phd thesis, Université de Toulon et du Var, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627365/en/.
Texto completoBin, Ahmad Khairol Amali. "Surveillance de la fiabilité du positionnement par satellite (GNSS) pour les applications de véhicules terrestres dans les milieux urbains". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESAE0007/document.
Texto completoThis thesis addresses the challenges in reliability monitoring of GNSS aided navigation for land vehicle applications in urban environments. The main objective of this research is to develop methods of trusted positioning using GNSS measurements and confidence measures for the user in constrained urban environments. In the first part of the thesis, the NLOS errors in urban settings are characterized by means of a 3D model of the urban surrounding. For the second part of the thesis, the work proposes a reliability monitoring technique in the range domain for urban environ ment using a trusted velocity sensor. Finally, the research developed a novel experimental scheme in integrity monitoring for positioning in urban environment. By monitoring the test statistic against a specific threshold, the positioning integrity and continuity are met at a certain level of confidence. In addition, the Horizontal Protection Level (HPL) computation using a composite approach has also been proposed
Collard, Florian. "Etude et optimisation du protocole E-SSA, méthode d'accès multiples à haute efficacité spectrale pour système de communications par satellite". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0028/document.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis focuses on the satellite communication protocol named “Enhanced Spread Spectrum Aloha” (E-SSA) and developed in 2009 by the European Space Agency (ESA). The E-SSA structure, based on fully asynchronous random access, perfectly copes with low-duty cycle bursty transmissions adapted to satellite messaging. High performance in terms of spectral efficiency is possible by exploiting iterative successive interference cancellation (SIC) while keeping minimal complexity at the terminal side. If the first exploitation of the protocol concerned mobile applications in S-band, it has been extended to fleets of fixed terminals in other frequency bandwidths (C, Ku or Ka). Starting from these two scenarios, this thesis proposes different innovations to further boost the E-SSA global system capacity. These technical solutions particularly include a fine optimization of protocol parameters and new power control algorithms
Messié, Monique. "Contrôle de la dynamique de la biomasse phytoplanctonique dans le Pacifique tropical ouest". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137145.
Texto completoGreiner, Eric. "Mise en oeuvre de méthodes de contrôle optimal pour l'assimilation de données in situ et satellitaires dans les modèles océaniques". Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066108.
Texto completoHidden, Guillaume. "Développement d'un nouveau revêtement de contrôle thermique pour satellites d'orbite géostationnaire : étude de l'influence de nanoparticules conductrices sur les propriétés thermo-optiques et électriques du composite". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30031.
Texto completoLévèque, Frédérique-Anne. "L'humour du contact anglo-tahitien : dynamique interactionnelle, discursive et métadiscursive : "attitude switching and structural perversion of identity towards self-interest"". Polynésie française, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POLF0002.
Texto completoThe very first Anglo-Tahitian contact, associated with the Enlightenment period is dealt with in the perspective of humour and otherness. A dialogic study allows the author to consider both synchronic historical evolutions and diachronic readjustments which depend on ideological beliefs. After observing the British significant material and intellectual changes on the London social scene, the survey of the interactions in Tahiti reveals that humour acts both as a means to compromise and to sustain contradictory meanings. Tahitians possess a social ability to adopt challenging initiatives and get round many frustrations. As a consequence, the exclusive principle, together with the theory of control and conflict are reconsidered from a phenomenological viewpoint. The British visitors and their Tahitian hosts set up strategies either to create an identity synthesis or reveal a gap in the construction of sense and meanings. With the successive calls, both parties resort to humour to express their mutual growing intolerance. The author detects an attitude switching from kind to satirical laughter, built on a structural perversion of identity preparing for the development of irony
Henninger, Helen Clare. "Étude des solutions du transfert orbital avec une poussée faible dans le problème des deux et trois corps". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4074/document.
Texto completoThe technique of averaging is an effective way to simplify optimal low-thrust satellite transfers in a controlled two-body Kepler problem. This study takes the form of both an analytical and numerical investigation of low-thrust time-optimal transfers, extending the application of averaging from the two-body problem to transfers in the perturbed low-thrust two body problem and a low-thrust transfer from Earth orbit to the L1 Lagrange point in the bicircular four-body setting. In the low-thrust two-body transfer, we compare the time-minimal case with the energy-minimal case, and determine that the elliptic domain under time-minimal orbital transfers (reduced in some sense) is geodesically convex. We then consider the Lunar perturbation of an energy-minimal low-thrust satellite transfer, finding a representation of the optimal Hamiltonian that relates the problem to a Zermelo navigation problem and making a numerical study of the conjugate points. Finally, we construct and implement numerically a transfer from an Earth orbit to the L1 Lagrange point, using averaging on one (near-Earth) arc in order to simplify analytic and numerical computations. In this last result we see that such a `time-optimal' transfer is indeed comparable to a true time-optimal transfer (without averaging) in these coordinates
Luong, Bruno. "Techniques de contrôle optimal pour un modèle quasi-géostrophique de circulation océanique : application à l'assimilation variationnelle des données altimétriques satellitaires". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005055.
Texto completoAbelló, Barberán Albert. "Turbo égalisation à haute performance pour la transmission par satellite au-delà de la cadence de Nyquist". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0025/document.
Texto completoIn order to increase the spectral efficiency of digital communications systems,the faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) approach increases the symbol rate beyond the occupied bandwidthof the transmitted signal independently of the constellation type and size. It has beenshown that information rates of FTN systems are greater than those of Nyquist systems.However, the non-compliance of the Nyquist criterion causes inter-symbol interference to appearand therefore appropriate reception techniques must be used. At reception, the channelshortening approach consists on a receiving filter followed by a BCJR algorithm computingapproximate a posteriori symbol probabilities by considering a modified channel response ofreduced length. In the literature, the channel shortening receiving filters are chosen to maximizethe generalized mutual information (GMI). Such optimization is performed by usingnumerical optimization methods. In this PhD thesis, we propose a closed-form solution forall channel shortening filters considering the GMI maximization criterion. We show that theminimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer is a particular case of the channel shorteningapproach. Within the frame of turbo equalization, we then study a suitable estimator allowingto obtain symbols a priori information from the information provided by the a decoder. Finally,we study the performance of the complete system with channel coding over an additivewhite Gaussian noise channel
Chaillou, Thomas. "Contrôle de la masse et du phénotype musculaires en hypoxie : leçons tirées de modèles de croissance du muscle squelettique chez le rongeur". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716380.
Texto completoLosa, Damiana. "Planification de manoeuvres à poussée forte vs à poussée faible pour le maintien à poste de satellites géostationnaires". Phd thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002163/en/.
Texto completoBerrebi, Johanna. "Contribution à l'intégration d'une liaison avionique sans fil. L'ingénierie système appliquée à une problématique industrielle". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00800141.
Texto completoLuzi, A. R. "Commande variante dans le temps pour le contrôle d'attitude de satellites". Phd thesis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01021457.
Texto completoTregouet, Jean-François. "Synthèse de correcteurs robustes périodiques à mémoire et application au contrôle d'attitude de satellites par roues à réaction et magnéto-coupleurs". Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782111.
Texto completoGauvin, Philippe. "Le président Eisenhower et la crise du satellite Sputnik : entre discours et réalité (1957-1958)". Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5247/1/M12679.pdf.
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