Tesis sobre el tema "Contrainte multiaxiale"
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Beurrot-Borgarino, Stéphanie. "Cristallisation sous contrainte du caoutchouc naturel en fatigue et sous sollicitation multiaxiale". Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835499.
Texto completoBeurrot, Stéphanie. "Cristallisation sous contrainte du caoutchouc naturel en fatigue et sous sollicitation multiaxiale". Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835499.
Texto completoNatural rubber is well-known for its excellent mechanical properties in multiaxial fatigue and those are generaly attributed to the ability of the material to crystallize when strained. However, the relationship between strain-induced crystallization and mechanical properties of natural rubber has never been established. The aim of this thesis is therefore to understand the origin of the great multiaxial fatigue properties of carbon black-filled natural rubber, by considering two small scales of study, as opposed to the macroscopic scale generally considered. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to uniaxial crack growth and energy dissipation mechanisms at the cracks and micro-cracks scale ; those mechanisms are determined thanks to original in-situ propagation tests observed with scanning electron microscope. In the second part of the thesis, strain-induced crystallization is studied at the macromolecular scale, in static multaxial deformation on the one hand and in uniaxial fatigue on the other hand, thanks to X-ray diffraction measurements performed at the Soleil synchrotron facility. The characteristics of crystallites, i. E. Their size, orientation, number and lattice parameters, are measured during the different mechanical tests. We observe that in multiaxial deformation, the crystallites are similar in size and have the samei lattice parameters than those nucleated in uniaxial deformation, but their orientation strongly varies with the multiaxiality of the deformation and is not influenced by the loading path. Finally, we show that in uniaxial fatigue, the characteristics of the crystallites evolve with the number of cycles, differently depending on the minimum and maximium stretch ratios reached at each cycle
Niamchaona, Wichian. "Modélisation de l'influence des défauts de surface sur le comportement en fatigue de nuances d'acier innovantes". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC086.
Texto completoThe steel manufacturers develop nowadays high strength steels as CP800 grade for automotive applications for the purpose of lightening vehicles. Such steels are strongly sensitive from the fatigue behaviour point of view to the surface defects generated by metal forming or cutting of steel sheets. Surface defects of different types and sizes were machined by electroerosion on CP800 specimens so that they are similar to the surface defects observed on steel sheets after stamping or cutting. The present study deals with the numerical and the experimental fatigue behaviour simulation of these specimens.The defect influence modelisation about the steel fatigue behaviour uses either the critical plane approach or the integral approach in multiaxial fatigue.The stress gradient influence contributes also to the fatigue life prediction of the defective simples.The numerical simulation aims to assess stress states and stress gradient fields within the tested specimens in the vicinity of their own surface defects. Accounting for stress gradients strongly improves the ability of multiaxial fatigue criteria to accurately predict the actual fatigue resistance of defective specimens. It shows also that multiaxial criteria have to be calibrated over fatigue test results with high stress gradients to properly predict the fatigue behaviour of high strength steel with surface small defect
Koutiri, Imade. "Effet des fortes contraintes hydrostatiques sur la tenue en fatigue des matériaux métalliques". Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00599125.
Texto completoBelmehdi, Yassine. "CONTRIBUTION A L'IDENTIFICATION DE NOUVEAUX INDICATEURS DE DEFAILLANCE DES MODULES DE PUISSANCE A IGBT". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00988332.
Texto completoBillaudeau, Thomas. "Fatigue multiaxiale des matériaux à défauts : mécanismes et critère d'endurance". Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2326.
Texto completoThis project aims to formulate a multiaxial fatigue criterion for metallic materials containing defects. An experimental study highlighted the influence of their geometry on the fatigue limit, under tension and under torsion. The observation of the mechanisms revealed the fatigue Stage I part of the cracks at defects, implying the necessary consideration of the creation of cracks in the material slip system. The criterion is defined by the local stress state, by mean of both deviatoric and hydrostatic part of the tensor, together with the gradient of the hydrostatic part. This gradient explains the influence of the defects on the fatigue limit. The criterion has been validated for defects of different morphologies (size and shape) under different loadings (tension, torsion and tension/torsion) and for different materials
Weber, Bastien Boivin Maurice. "Fatigue multiaxiale des structures industrielles sous chargement quelconque". Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2004. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=weber.
Texto completoHerbland, Thibault. "Une méthode de correction élastoplastique pour le calcul en fatigue des zones de concentration de contraintes sous chargement cyclique multiaxial non proportionnel". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00479991.
Texto completoPrisacari, Vasile-Ionut. "Modelisation de la relaxation partielle de la contrainte moyenne et essais biaxiaux sur l’Inco718DA". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN006/document.
Texto completoTo improve the characterization and design of aircraft engine turbine disks, the propulsion systems manufacturer Safran Aircraft Engines (SAE) develops constitutive equations, damage laws and fatigue criteria that are more adapted to real loadings. As part of this effort, the purpose of the current study is to develop a plasticity model for Inco718DA (a nickel-based alloy used in the manufacturing of high-pressure turbine disks), capable of representing several loading conditions (monotonic, symmetrical and non-symmetrical cyclic loading). The identification of the model was possible thanks to a uniaxial campaign, favoring a few but complex, innovative, tests to numerous costly fatigue tests. The tests we performed include a monotonic test with elastic discharges, a multi-level Rε = -1 test and two multi-level Rε = 0 tests that better quantify the mean stress relaxation and a test to identify ratcheting. The cyclic behavior was identified using a non-saturating kinematic hardening law with elements of Chaboche's memory surface. One of the challenges was to obtain sharp stabilized loops in a saturated cyclic plasticity regime, which was possible using parameter Γ evolving with respect to the maximum equivalent plastic strain, in the back-stress of kinematic hardening rule.A second difficulty appears in the description of mean stress relaxation, which has a considerable impact on fatigue lifetime. In chapter 3, a model is proposed for the description of the incomplete mean stress relaxation. One of the originalities is the idea that incomplete mean stress relaxation is a direct consequence of the difference between the loading and the unloading part of the hysteresis loop. The parameter we used to describe this difference, was the prefactor of the back-stress term Γ, for which the thermodynamics allows liberty. When compared to confirmed kinematic hardening laws that model non-zero mean stress relaxation, our model presents the advantage of using only one backstress, even if its description is more complex. Moreover, the model is incremental (written in a rate form in chapter 3 section 5) so it can take into account complex loadings such as multi-level strain-controlled tests.In the last chapter of the thesis, a vast biaxial campaign is presented, along with developments to make biaxial strain-controlled tests. The biaxial campaign was performed on cross-shaped samples using LASER sensors, mono and stereo full-field measurements using Digital Image Correlation (DIC). In order to analyze biaxial mean stress relaxation, a reliable measurement and control method had to be developed for the high plastic strains occurring in the region of interest of the sample. By using an Integrated-DIC (I-DIC) algorithm with adequate shape functions on one element and GPU computations we were able to obtain measurement frequencies of 100 Hz. Moreover, with its precision and speed, I-DIC proved to be a suitable technique for controlling a biaxial hydraulic machine. An important result obtained when performing equi-biaxial I-DIC strain-controlled tests was that there was very little biaxial mean stress relaxation, with respect to the uniaxial case. This result will have to be taken into account in future studies when performing finite element computations of the whole sample
Weber, Bastien. "Fatigue multiaxiale des structures industrielles sous chargement quelconque". Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1999ISAL0056/these.pdf.
Texto completoThe work of thesis deals with multiaxial fatigue. Its purpose is the fatigue life assessment of industrial structures submitted to any kind of solicitations, from the most basic case, which is uniaxial and periodical, to the most general one, which is multiaxial and of variable amplitude. The first part is dedicated to the study of multiaxial fatigue stress-based criteria. 37 criteria issued from the literature are analysed. They are divided into empirical, critical plane and global approaches. 24 criteria are validated through 233 multiaxial fatigue tests issued also from the literature. The second part aims at taking into account the stress gradient effect within the multiaxial criteria formulation. Similarly to some recent work, the stress gradient effect is introduced within the Laboratory's criteria. These propositions are validated through combined bending-torsion tests. A proposition is made to calculate the stress gradient field from finite elements results obtained over any complex industrial structure. The third part describes the evolution of the Laboratory's fatigue life prediction method under multiaxial random loading. The first step presents a plane per plane damage accumulation. The fatigue damage is calculated and cumulated on physical planes. The second step shows the influence of the so-called counting variable on the fatigue life prediction results, and leads to a new concept: the cycle counting and the damage assessment are performed plane per plane. This procedure avoids the dependence of the choice of the counting on the life assessments. A critical plane approach criterion is required for these latter methods. This work is integrated to an industrial software called Sollife allows one to simulate the fatigue behaviour of any complex structure. The first results are in good assessment with experiments. They show the important effect of metal forming process (as stamping) and result in lots of perspectives
Belmehdi, Yassine. "Contribution à l'identification de nouveaux indicateurs de défaillance des modules de puissance à IGBT". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14258/document.
Texto completoPower electronics has a role increasingly growing up in transport:electric and hybrid vehicles, trains and aircraft. For these applications, security is a critical point, thus the reliability of the power assembly must be optimized. The knowledge of time to failure is very important information for the designers of these systems. Inthis context, an early failure indicator would predict system failuresbefore it becomes effective. In this thesis, we focused on the electromechanical characterization of power transistors: MOSFET and IGBT. Based on these results this electromechanical characterization should help us in the longer term, to highlight an early failure indicator of the power assembly
Adalian, Céline. "Comportement du bois en compression dynamique multiaxiale : application à la simulation de crashs de conteneurs". Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10614.
Texto completoWood is a material used a energy absorbing device in containers for the transportation of dangerous materials. The design of these containers is more and more often done with finite element modelling. So, the aim of this research work was to create a numerical model for wood, the "wood model" in order to describe the behaviour of wood under dynamic multiaxial compression. We present experimental results and their analytical modelling for wood under static and dynamic compression which involves large deformations. This "wood model" is based on the experimental results mentioned before. It is used in a finite element explicit non-linear dynamic code. LS-DYNA3D. By this way, we can compare this model with other models used to characterize wood model as impact limiter crashed at 52 to 65 m/s with numerical results made with our wood model and with other numerical materials types used to model the behaviour of wood under compression with large deformations
Fares, Youssef. "Dimensionnement en fatigue des assemblages boulonnés à l'aide de critères de fatigue multiaxiale". Toulouse, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAT0016.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is the use of multi-axial fatigue criterion in bolted assemblies design. From a comparative analysis of several criterion, we chose those of SINES and DANG VAN that we generalised to limited fatigue life. These criterion require the knowledge of the stress level in the screw at the bottom of its first thread in contact with the nut, where fatigue failure occurs. For this, we used a finite elements model of the bolt. On the other hand, several fatigue tests were undertaken; with the number of cycles to failure related to the stress level at the bottom of threads obtained by simulation, we characterised the multiaxial fatigue behaviour of the tested bolts. Then, the use of these criteria to industrial bolted joints was experimentally validated on a flanged type assembly. To overpass the finite elements model of the bolted joint, we used NEUBER's generalised rule and ESED method to determine the stress level at the bottom of the first thread under a cyclic loading. The fatigue tests were carried on two types of bolts: cold rolled then heated-tempered bolts, and heated-tempered then cold rolled bolts. The improved performance on this last type of bolts has put in evidence the influence of chronology of the different manufacturing operations. This improvement is explained by the residual stresses induced by rolling that we tried to simulate
Delahay, Thomas. "Développement d'une méthode probabiliste de calcul en fatigue multiaxiale prenant en compte la répartition volumique des contraintes". Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12846.
Texto completoBerrehili, Abdelmoutalib. "Comportement cyclique et tenue en fatigue sous chargement multiaxial d'un polyéthylène : expériences et critère d'endurance". Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00517401.
Texto completoRejzner, James. "Modélisation des alliages à mémoire de forme soumis à des sollicitations multiaxiales ou a des gradients de contrainte". Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA2027.
Texto completoGautier, Ewann. "Plasticité cyclique multiaxiale en zone confinée : approche théorique et expérimentale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ENTA0002.
Texto completoThe structural components exhibit zones of stress concentrations leading to heterogeneous stress states, that can lead to local plasticity and low cycle fatigue failure. In this work, two parts are proposed to study the local cyclic elasto-plastic behavior at the critical point. First, an analytical method is proposed to predict the local response only at the critical point of the structure. In the second step, experimental measurements are obtained through in-situ X-ray diffraction measurements to question the predictions of the simplified finite element method. The study of the behavior at the critical point of the structure is carried out using a method based on the use of an Adjustable Location Operator (ALO). Until now, two strategies have been used to identify this operator on a structure. Based on these methods, two lines of improvement are proposed to improve the numerical predictions. These two in the presence of a new interesting compromise between the identification cost and the quality of the predictions with respect to the numerical reference. In order to compare these numerical results with experimental results, a protocol for in-situ stress monitoring by X-ray diffraction was set up. Subsequently, tests were carried out to observe cyclic behavior, with a progressive and continuous relaxation of the average stress until the initiation of a crack
Papasidero, Jessica. "Experimental and numerical analysis of ductile fracture under multiaxial loading". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/94/53/67/PDF/THESE_PAPASIDERO_RUPTURE_DUCTILE.pdf.
Texto completoA stocky tubular tension-torsion specimen geometry was optimized to characterize the effect of the stress state (stress triaxiality and Lode angle parameter) on metals ductility, at low stress triaxialities. Biaxial tests (proportional and non-proportional) were performed on 36NiCrMo16 steel and 2024-T351 aluminum alloy. Strain fields were measured by stereo-correlation of digital images during the tests. Loading paths to fracture (evolution of the equivalent plastic strain, the stress triaxiality and the Lode angle parameter at the critical point) were determined. The evolution of aluminum ductility with respect to the stress triaxiality measured from tension-torsion tests differed substantially from that obtained by Bao and Wierzbicki in 2004. Indeed, the latter suggested a minimal ductility under shear, while the tension-torsion technique revealed a maximal ductility under shear. Non-proportional loading paths were shown to have an influence on ductility, by means of tests consisting in a pre-compression, pre-tension or pre-torsion, followed by a proportional loading sequence under combined tension-torsion. SEM observations of metallographic sections from biaxial interrupted tests, a real-time monitoring of the surface strain and damage during in-situ torsion tests in the SEM, and a crack propagation test coupled with in-situ X-ray synchrotron laminography brought evidences of localization phenomena at different scales, and of the growth of some cavities, even under pure shear, by contrast with the total collapse predicted by unit cell models. This growth may be due to the significant axial elongation measured under pure torsion (Swift effect). Shear localization was identified as the main coalescence mechanism, which justifies the choice of the Hosford-Coulomb fracture initiation criterion. Used in conjunction with a non-linear damage indicator, it accounts for the measured ductilities, even under possibly non-proportional loadings
Torrenti, Jean-Michel. "Comportement multiaxial du béton : aspects expérimentaux et modélisation". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529740.
Texto completoFeaugas, Xavier. "Microstructure et modélisation du comportement en fatigue uniaxiale et multiaxiale d'un alliage de titane biphasé". Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD772.
Texto completoPapasidero, Jessica. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de la rupture ductile sous chargement multiaxial". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00945367.
Texto completoKlimkeit, Bert. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation du comportement en fatigue multiaxiale d'un polymère renforcé pour application automobile". Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464186.
Texto completoFogue, Médard. "Critère de fatigue à longue durée de vie pour des états multiaxiaux de contraintes sinusoïdales en phase et hors phase". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376051198.
Texto completoHourdou, Théophile. "Modélisation numérique du revêtement d'isolation thermique de canalisations pétrolières sous-marines". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLM073.
Texto completoThe installation of oil&gaz pipelines using the reel-lay method induces bending which leads to a rapid cracking of their thermal insulation coating.The critical coating material consists of a syntactic glass polypropylene foam.This study deals with a comprehensive characterization of the mechanical response and the failure of this material under various stress conditions.The evolution of its microstructure was observed thanks to emph{in-situ} tensile tests using synchrotron tomography.The mechanisms of decohesion of microsphere-matrix, followed by coalescence with crazes in the matrix were highlighted, leading to the failure of the material.These mechanisms were taken into account in the constitutive relationships using an elasto-viscoplastic model with porosity added as an internal variable.Fine modelling using a multi-scale process was used to simulate the evolution of the microstructure in relation to the macroscopic response, which was consistentwith experimental data.Numerical simulations of laboratory tests were used to identify the maximum of the largest principal stress as a load parameter allowing the localization of the crack initiation.Temperature dependent diagrams associating this load parameter with the local strain rate were established.These latter diagrams were then successfully compared with data from bending tests on tubes where the coating had failed.The transferability of the results from laboratory tests to engineering structures was therefore validated
Gadouini, Hicham. "Influence des défauts sur la tenue en fatigue des métaux soumis à des sollicitations cycliques multiaxiales : application à des éléments de liaison au sol". Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2322.
Texto completoKerkour-El, Miad Abdelhamid. "Modélisation micromécanique du comportement cyclique des polycristaux sous chargements multiaxiaux à déformation et à contrainte imposées avec l'effet de la forme du grain". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066326.
Texto completoSelles, Nathan. "Cavitation et rupture du Polyamide 6 sous état de contrainte multiaxial en traction monotone, fluage et fatigue. Dialogue entre imagerie 3D et modélisation par éléments finis". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM038/document.
Texto completoMany industrial structures subjected to quasi-static (creep) or cyclic (fatigue) long-term loadings are made of semi-crystalline polymers. Such is the case, for instance, of pressure vessels and pipes. It is therefore considered critical to study the issues related to their durability in order to be able to anticipate and control their end of life. Furthermore, they generally have complex designs and are subjected to multiaxial stress states.The material which has been studied was a semi-crystalline Polyamide 6. Its structure consisted of amorphous and the crystalline phases and a spherolitic microstructure.As a first step, the links between the mechanical behaviour at the global scale of the specimens and the underlying micro-mechanisms of deformation that lead to failure have been established experimentally for monotonic and creep loadings that show similar results and then for fatigue loadings. The influence of the multiaxiality of the stress state has been studied using circumferentially notched round bars with different notch root radii and Compact Tensile specimens. The cavitation phenomena were characterized using synchrotron radiation tomography and laminography techniques that enabled the observation and quantification of the spatial distributions of the voids and the anisotropy of the cavities. An analysis of the fracture surfaces has shown that the initiation of ductile failure resulted from void growth and coalescence mechanismsA poro-visco-plastic model with two mechanisms (that allow the behaviours of the amorphous and crystalline phases to be distinguished) has been used. Thanks to this model, the global behaviour (loading curves) under steady strain rates and steady loads but also the spatial distributions of the void volume fraction could be reproduced numerically. In addition finite element calculations have permitted the spatial distributions of the stress field to be studied and the influence of the stress state on the cavitation state to be investigated. The temporal evolutions during the deformation of the hydrostatic pressure have been linked to the spatial distributions of void volume fraction. The void anisotropy (and thus the void morphology and shape factors) has been related to the evolutions of the components of the Cauchy stress tensor. Finally, the definition of a rupture criterion based on a critical value of the void volume fraction has enabled crack propagation under steady strain rate and steady load to be simulated
Warneboldt, Iona. "Multiaxial fatigue design of elastomeric parts using Equivalent Fatigue Loads". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ENTA0002.
Texto completoThis thesis introduces an Equivalent Fatigue Load (EFL) approach for the multiaxial fatigue design of elastomeric parts. As direct Finite Element Analysis (FEA) calculations of automotive in-service loads (Road Load Data (RLD)) are too expensive, the objective is to derive simplified load blocks as a realistic input for numerical damage calculations. Three streps are applied for this method: the localization method, the material damage function and the EFL determination process. Various fatigue tests have been conducted (415 samples) to study the fatigue behavior of this complex type of relaxing and non-relaxing multiaxial loading on natural rubber specimens. Lifetime and crack features are analyzed to eventually introduce an appropriate critical planebased fatigue measure and to establish a novel mean strain effect model. This criterion is generalized throughout an original critical plane search method. To estimate the local mechanical response (localization method), this thesis identifies an axes-coupling method that is fitted for the nonlinear nature of elastomeric structures. It is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient tensors. These two steps are then implemented in the framework of the EFLdetermination process. For this, a global optimization method is added to determine the simplified load blocks, causing locally the same fatigue behavior in the given structure. The computational costs of this optimization are reduced by only considering a subset of the most damaged material points for EFLdetermination. Finally, the method has been challenged on a specimen to outline its capabilities and to validate the approach
Ferré, Romain. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de la durabilité d'un contact représentatif de l'interface aube / disque de soufflante grenaillé soumis à des chargements de fretting / fatigue / usure". Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDL0012.
Texto completoThis work aims at studying the crack initiation risk of a blade/disk contact under fretting/fatigue loading. The fan stage of a civil engine is studied and the material used is a titanium alloy: Ti-6Al-4V. This complex issue concerns small contacts which are subjected to high contact pressures and micro-displacements. Thus, a complex multiaxial loading occurs on the structure. Fretting, static stressed fretting and fretting fatigue testing are performed in order to quantify the crack nucleation thresholds. In addition, several geometries which present different stress gradient values are used. The experimental results show a stress gradient effect on the crack initiation. Thus, using a wide range of stress gradient, it has been confirmed that stress gradient delays crack nucleation. A multiaxial fatigue criterion is used to determine the equivalent stress field under the contact. Then, a non-local approach, identified thanks to one fretting experimental condition, is employed in order to consider the stress gradient effect. This approach provides the prediction of the whole experimental results. In this way, a predictive method of the initiation fatigue life has been introduced. This numerical approach takes into account the multiaxial loading, the stress gradient effect, the plastic-elastic behavior of the interface and the fatigue strength limits of the material. The blade/disk contacts of the engine are shot-peened. During the flight, interfaces are subjected to low displacement amplitudes leading to crack initiation. On the other hand, during landing and take-off, contacts are submitted to high displacement amplitudes leading to the interface wear. As a consequence, competition between wear kinetic and nucleation one is studied and “bell curves” are plotted (i.e. fatigue life time versus displacement amplitude).Moreover, the effect of the shot-peening residual stresses on fatigue life time is observed. In case of un-treated material, a beneficial impact on the fatigue life time is observed due to wear process. Compressive residual stresses of shot-peening increase the fatigue life when fretting/fatigue on partial slip regime occurs. Nevertheless, a decrease of the fatigue life time is observed when wear process is activated by the gross slip condition. Finally, the complex loading of the engine blade/disk contact has been reproduced in the laboratory. To achieve this, a new testing, using an experimental machine composed of three hydraulic actuators is developed. Thus, the global life time of the representative interface of the fan stage is studied. Oligocyclic (low frequency) and polycyclic (high frequency) solicitations interact themselves and lead, firstly, to a rearrangement of the residual stresses, and secondly, to an increase of the wear kinetics. This research work highlights the interest to consider the polycyclic loadings to design the blade/disk structure. These solicitations reproduce the “cracking” fatigue phenomenon, the cumulative damages and the wear kinetics of the interface
Wu, Bo. "Contribution à l'étude des critères de fatigue multiaxiaux pour les assemblages soudés en alliage d'aluminium". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-285.pdf.
Texto completoBen, Ammar Yamen. "Traitements thermomécaniques des colonies de lamelles parallèles du Zircaloy-4 trempé-β". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849217.
Texto completoRekik, Mahmoud. "Mesure et modélisation du comportement magnéto-mécanique dissipatif des matériaux ferromagnétiques à haute limite élastique sous chargement multiaxial". Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0019/document.
Texto completoThe research presented in this thesis is motivated by the design of rotors for high speed rotating machines. The increased power density of these devices requires a higher rotation speed, leading to higher levels of centrifugal forces and stress in the rotor. A first point is to ensure good mechanical strength of the materials. A second point is to take into account changes in the magnetic behavior (and ultimately torque) when they are subjected to a multiaxial stress state. The present study aims at exploring the influence of biaxial stress states on the magnetic behavior of the materials of the rotor. The challenge lies in the development of methods for the characterization of the magneto-mechanical dissipative uniaxial and multiaxial behavior of metal sheets developed by Aperam Alloy and used by Thales Avionics for their aeronautical applications (in FeCo-2V and non-oriented Fe-3%Si). Non conventional experiments are performed on cross-shaped samples in order to apply biaxial stress representative of the loadings experienced by rotors of rotating machines. These experiments are performed on a multiaxial testing machine, Astrée. Stress level is estimated thanks to digital image correlation and X-ray diffraction Both anhysteretic and dissipative magnetic responses to magneto-mechanical loadings have been recorded. On the other hand, a multi-scale multiaxial model describing the behavior of a RVE from the energy balance at the microscopic scale is presented. The approach is based on a comparison of the free energy of each domain. A probabilistic comparison is made to determine the volume fraction of domains used as internal variables. Different strategies for modeling the static dissipation are discussed. Then we present the chosen magneto-elastic approach, improving the description of the effect of stress on ferromagnetic materials behavior
Rial, Djihad. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle des flexibles hydroformés et tressés en statique et en fatigue". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2184.
Texto completoHydroformed flexible tubes are essential structures used in several industrial sectors such as the automotive sector, the aviation industry or energy production, such as the production of renewable energy in solar thermal energy farms where the panels must both be supplying fluid along and follow the direction of the sun. These structures serve as connecting parts between the rigid parts different mechanisms, primarily used for damping vibrations and acoustic emissions, and, as their name suggests, they also allow flexibility and pressure expansion, which considerably improves the fatigue strength. The mastery and prediction of the mechanical behavior of these structures are very important from a safety point of view and an economic point of view. Indeed, their accidental breakage can cause very serious consequences due to their use in sensitive areas such as the nuclear industry. In this context, this thesis was launched between Compiegne University of Technology and industrial BOA-group to create digital approaches to behavioral predictions and estimating the life braided hoses that take into account extreme conditions (temperature and pressure) and the forming parameters and properties of the materials used. In terms of use, these products are subject to thermomechanical charge-discharge cycles and vibrations can induce complex deformed piping of wear due to friction and damage by fatigue, The purpose of the study is to develop a numerical approach validated by the experience to certify products and improve the design. This approach will allow to estimate the lifetime of braided wavy taking into account: - the initial state of the product after forming and assembly, - thermomechanical stresses, is defined by the specification, or encountered in specific use cases, - vibrations encountered during use in real cases. The expected results are the life of the products from a calculation model of their behavior using the characteristics of the materials and interaction braid / tube
Iben, Houria Mohamed. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de la durée de vie en fatigue d'un alliage d'aluminium de fonderie A356-T6 sous chargement multiaxial". Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0007/document.
Texto completoThis study aims to investigate the fatigue behaviour of A356-T6 aluminum alloy. Experimental fatigue tests at 106 cycles have been performed for two loading ratios: Rσ = 0 and Rσ = -1. The first experimental investigation was conducted on specimens from a ‘V’ wedge casting with natural and artificial defects which provides a variation of the microstructure. Following the experimental results, we have shown that defects characterized by their size and the microstructure characterized by SDAS, are the main parameters that control the fatigue limit. By comparing the results obtained for both loading ratios, it appears that the mean stress has an effect on the sensitivity to the defect size effect and microstructure.The DSG criterion was modified to introduce the effect of SDAS. This improved DSG criterion has been employed to predict the Kitagawa diagram for multiaxial loading for different loading cases. The simulation of the modified DSG criterion showed that the reduction of the fatigue limit with the defect size and SDAS is well described. In the last part a numerical model was developed to perform a simulation of the fatigue limit starting from the casting process. Using this numerical model, we simulated the defect size and SDAS depending on the solidification time, eventually the fatigue limit issimulated using the improved DSG criterion. With combining between Weibull law and modified DSG,we predict the probability of failure at each point of the structure. We proposed in this part a mold which let to obtain samples with two different microstructures. In this study, a second fatigue tests was carried out on these samples to validate the numerical simulation on the proposed mold. It turns out that the numerical model provides reasonably well the obtained experimental results
Manai, Asma. "Sur une approche pragmatique de l'endommagement anisotrope par fatigue basée sur un critère de fatigue et ses gradients". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS068.
Texto completoA new practical engineering methodology for the analysis of structures under cyclic loading is proposed in this work . A new anisotropic fatigue damage model is developed. The evolution of material properties degradation depends on a failure criterion and its gradient. The anisotropic material degradation will guide the damage propagation. The propagation of damage is mainly depending on the ridges of the criterion’s « surface » (zero gradients). The proposed approach can describe the initiation and propagation of the damage until the structural failure under fatigue loading. For each finite element, non-homogeneous anisotropic distributions of material properties are associated. Schematically, it seems like a material « surfing » on the criterion’s « surface » and damages follow the crest of the criterion’s « surface » (level and gradient). A global approach criterion, based on invariants of the stress tensor, is adopted. The reduction of material properties is assigned to a number of cycles and a global level of stresses, using an experimental Wöhler curve. Two simplified forms of the model are proposed and results are compared with a cruciform experimental reference example and an industrial case. A mapping with Dang Van criterion is also computed to analyze the numerical results
Bellecave, Johan. "Stress Gradients In Fretting Fatigue". Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0036/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is part of an international research program (IRG Cognac) initiated by the engine manufacturer SNECMA (SAFRAN group) involving ENS Cachan, UnB, ENSMA, CNRS, Snecma, Turbomeca et Messier Bugatti Dowty. The thesis focuses on the effect of a stress gradient in fretting fatigue. Fretting-fatigue refers to the damage process localized at the frontier of the contact between two contacting bodies subjected to fatigue loadings. The prediction of this phenomenon is of major importance in determining, for instance, the lifetime of fan's disc. In the vicinity of the contact front, the stress field inherited from the contact loads is maximal at the surface and displays a strong gradient from the surface. It was shown in this thesis, for a Ti-6AL-4V alloy, that local approaches, based on local stresses at the most critical point, are not appropriate to predict fretting fatigue lives. As a matter of fact, short cracks initiated at the most critical point may stop if the stress decay from the surface is strong enough or may continue their growth, up to the failure of the component, if the stress gradient from the surface is not string enough. A second difficulty is the multiaxial and non-proportional nature of the loading conditions. Fatigue-fretting stems from the combination of loads that have neither the same spatial distribution nor the same time-dependency. In fretting-fatigue tests, three loading components are considered, the fatigue loading of the component (cyclic), the normal part (assumed to be constant) and the in-plane part (cyclic) of the loads between the two contacting components. To quantify the effect of the stress gradient, tests were carried out on a fatigue testing contact bench developed at the University of Brasilia, with experimental conditions ensuring different stress gradient while keeping the maximal stress the same. Damage mechanisms were studied using post-mortem analysis and optical microscopy on the contact elements tested. The prediction of the fretting fatigue life was done using different approaches. The first one is based on the Critical Distance Method and a fatigue criterion. The second is based on a K-based short crack arrest method. Finally, a new criterion was proposed. This method considers a generalized von Mises yield criterion for the crack tip region and accounts for the T-stresses in the asymptotic LEFM development
Refai, Khalil. "Effet de la méso-architecture sur le comportement en fatigue des structures lattices optimisées obtenues par fabrication additive". Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE028.
Texto completoA numerical approach is proposed to assess the high cycle fatigue strength of periodic cellular structures produced by SLM under multiaxial loads. The model is based on a general numerical homogenisation scheme and an explicit description of the Elementary Cell combined to an extreme values analysis making use of a fatigue indicator parameter based on Crossland’s criterion. Also, geometric discrepancy and surface roughness are experimentally characterised and considered in the numerical model using three methods which are compared to the experimental fatigue strength. Topology optimisation (TO) pushes the boundaries of design freedom even further. In our study, Topology Optimisation was developed to prevent fatigue failure using SIMP method revisited and reformulated within the mathematical framework of Non-Uniform Rational BSpline functions
Camara, Aliou Badara. "Analyse du comportement en fatigue d'assemblages boulonnés". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC105.
Texto completoThe structural integrity of mechanical components and their assemblies is a major design purpose. The applications may concern the aeronautics, the automobile, the railway as well as structures such as bridges or masts subjected to cyclic loads or to variable amplitude stress states. This leads the design engineer to take into account various phenomena, including fatigue, a dominant factor that may lead, under dynamic stress, to the failure of structures or parts of them. The mechanical components are generally subjected in service to multiaxial stress states. Taking into account the triaxiality of stress states requires the use of multiaxial fatigue criteria. They are suitable tools for assessing the material fatigue resistance against periodical stress states, especially when they are multiaxial. A fatigue post-processing tool is developed and implemented under Matlab software to assess on the one hand, the damage level at the fixed endurance limit of the material (2.106 cycles) and, on the other hand, the fatigue life up to crack initiation from an iterative fatigue calculation process. The two multiaxial fatiguecriteria used are Dang Van criterion (critical plane approach) and Zenner criterion (integral approach). Then, the fatigue post-processing tool is validated by fatigue test results from the bibliography. These fatigue tests are performed on M10 bolts of 8.8 quality class. The results are compared with those obtained from existing standards (Eurocode 3 and VDI 2230). The two multiaxial fatigue criteria used inthis work are compared and validated from the database of multiaxial tests found in the literature. Bolted or welded assemblies are singular areas in the structures. In order to better understand the fatiguebehavior of the bolt in an assembly, a tee-stub in which the bolt can be pre-stressed by clamping is modeled by finite elements under Salome-meca software. The preload is modeled numerically by imposing a relative axial displacement between the nodes of the nut and those of the rod of the screw. The FB axial force and the MB bending moment obtained in the screw with the numerical model of the tee-stub is validated by analytical solutions on the one hand and by experimental results (static tension tests on a tee-stub) on the other hand. A parametric study is conducted to analyze the fatigue influences of the bolt preload, its diameter, its location with respect to the tee-stub soul and the flange thickness. The analysis first focused on the bolt damage level, then on its fatigue life using the multiaxial fatigue post-processing tool built as part of this work. Numerical simulations of damage and fatigue life show a different behavior of the two multiaxial fatigue approaches to take into account the effect of a significanttightening. Experimental tests run on a tee-stub were also conducted to validate the numerical model with respect to the FB axial force and the MB bending moment
Guellec, Corentin. "Caractérisation en fatigue à grand nombre de cycles par mesures d’auto-échauffement des aciers d’arbres de transmission pour application navale sous chargements cycliques complexes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ENTA0001.
Texto completoMarine shaft lines undergo complex cyclic loadings. In order to characterize these structures in fatigue, two complementary objectives are achieved. Firstly, the marine shaft’s loads are characterized in order to identify relevant fatigue cycles. During this step, an original parametric fatigue design method is implemented. This method is based on the definition of an equivalent load considering multiaxiality, variability, non-proportionality and mean stress. This method allows to distinguish two damage modes with a mode associated with the established cyclic regime of rotary bending and a mode associated with the ship’s maneuvers. Secondly, a rapid characterization method is implemented to characterize in fatigue the marine shafts’ steels for a large number of loading configurations. The method is based on a model which enables fatigue identification behaviors from self-heating measurements. The steels of the study are characterized in tension-torsion for various configurations of mean stress and nonproportionality of the loading. In this context, the notion of iso-self-heating surfaces is introduced. It allows, for a specimen, to model the elastoplastic and dissipative behavior of the material in the dedicated stress space. Their use makes it possible to define a multiscale fatigue criterion based on the invariants of the stress tensor. In the study, a modeling of the behavior of the material is proposed for very low amplitude loads (VHCF) exhibiting a strong difference in dissipation compared to the regime of higher amplitudes (i.e. HCF domain)