Artículos de revistas: "Concrete frame buildings"

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Gaidar, A. M., O. P. Martysh, O. O. Martysh y A. O. Rugenskii. "INVESTIGATION OF THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A MULTI-STORY BUILDING WITH A POLYMER CONCRETE FRAME". Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, n.º 4 (016) (8 de octubre de 2023): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.290823.56.970.

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Formulation of the problem. An urgent problem in construction is the development and introduction of new types of structural materials with improved characteristics: high strength, resistance to aggressive environments, frost resistance, etc. One of these materials is polymer concrete. Polymer concretes can be effectively used in modern construction in the manufacture of monolithic elements of structures, such as wall panels, slabs, columns of frame buildings. The purpose of the work is to study the dynamic characteristics of a multi-story building with a polymer concrete frame under the action of seismic loads. Method. Dynamic calculations were carried out using the finite element method in the LIRA−CAD software complex. Scientific novelty. New analytical formulas have been obtained, which allow an approximate estimation of the dimensions of structural elements of polymer concrete buildings. It was determined how changes in the properties of the frame material affect the weight of the building, the frequency of natural oscillations and displacement under the action of seismic loading. Practical significance. The results of the work make it possible to perform design calculations related to the dynamic properties of multi-story buildings with a polymer concrete frame. Conclusions. The use of polymer concrete for the construction of frames of multi-story buildings allows to reduce the cross-sectional dimensions of structural elements, reduce the weight and material consumption of buildings.

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Marinković, Marko, Santiago Calvinisti y Christoph Butenweg. "Numerical analysis of reinforced concrete frame buildings with decoupled infill walls". Gradjevinski materijali i konstrukcije 63, n.º 4 (2020): 13–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/grmk2004013m.

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Reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with masonry infill walls are widely used in many countries all over the world. Although infills are considered as non-structural elements, they significantly change dynamic characteristics of RC frame structures during earthquake excitation. Recently, significant effort was spent on studying decoupled infills, which are isolated from the surrounding frame usually by adding a gap between frame and infill. In this case, the frame deformation does not activate infill wall, thus infills are not influencing the behaviour of the frame. This paper presents the results of the investigation of the behaviour of RC frame buildings with the INODIS system that decouples masonry infills from the surrounding frame. Effect of masonry infill decoupling was investigated first on the one-bay one-storey frame. This was used as a base for parametric study on the frames with more bays and storeys, as well as on the building level. Change of stiffness and dynamic characteristics was analysed as well as response under earthquake loading. Comparison with the bare frame and traditionally infilled frame was performed. The results show that behaviour of the decoupled infilled frames is similar to the bare frame, whereas behaviour of frames with traditional infills is significantly different and demands complex numerical models. This means that if adequate decoupling is applied, design of infilled frame buildings can be significantly simplified.

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Humar, Jag Mohan, David Lau y Jean-Robert Pierre. "Performance of buildings during the 2001 Bhuj earthquake". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 28, n.º 6 (1 de diciembre de 2001): 979–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l01-070.

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The performance of buildings during the January 26, 2001, earthquake in the Kachchh region of the province of Gujarat in India is discussed. A majority of the buildings in the earthquake region were either of load-bearing masonry or reinforced concrete framed structure. Most of the masonry buildings were built with random or coursed stone walls without any reinforcement and heavy clay tile roofing supported on wooden logs. A large number of such buildings collapsed leading to widespread destruction and loss of life. Many reinforced concrete frame buildings had infill masonry walls except in the first storey, which was reserved for parking. As would be expected, the open first storey suffered severe damage or collapsed. Observations of failures confirmed the vulnerability of some structural details that are known to lead to distress. However, an important observation to come out of the earthquake was that masonry infills, even when not tied to the surrounding frame, could save the building from collapse, provided such infills are uniformly distributed throughout the height so that abrupt changes in stiffness and strength did not occur.Key words: Bhuj earthquake, 2001; seismology of Kachchh; earthquake damage survey; performance of buildings; load bearing masonry; reinforced concrete frames; structural details vulnerable to earthquakes.

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Oladazimi, Amir, Saeed Mansour y Seyed Abbas Hosseinijou. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Steel and Concrete Construction Frames: A Case Study of Two Residential Buildings in Iran". Buildings 10, n.º 3 (12 de marzo de 2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10030054.

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Given the fact that during the recent years the majority of buildings in Iran have been constructed either on steel or concrete frames, it is essential to investigate the environmental impacts of materials used in such constructions. For this purpose, two multi-story residential buildings in Tehran with a similar function have been considered in this study. One building was constructed with a steel frame and the other was constructed with a concrete frame. Using the life cycle assessment tool, a complete analysis of all the stages of a building’s life cycle from raw material acquisition to demolition and recycling of wastes was carried out. In this research, the environmental impacts included global warming potential in 100 years, acidification, eutrophication potential, human toxicity (cancer and non-cancer effects), resource depletion (water and mineral), climate change, fossil fuel consumption, air acidification and biotoxicity. It could be concluded from the results that the total pollution of the concrete frame in all eleven aforementioned impact factors was almost 219,000 tonnes higher than that of the steel frame. Moreover, based on the results, the concrete frame had poorer performance in all but one impact factor. With respect to global warming potential, the findings indicated there were two types of organic and non-organic gases that had an impact on global warming. Among non-organic emissions, CO2 had the biggest contribution to global warming potential, while among organic emissions, methane was the top contributor. These findings suggest the use of steel frames in the building industry in Iran to prevent further environmental damage; however, in the future, more research studies in this area are needed to completely investigate all aspects of decision on the choice of building frames, including economic and social aspects.

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5

Chandra, Jimmy, Lokito V.N. y Tambuna J.A. "Seismic Performance of Precast Concrete Special Moment Frames with Hybrid Connection System in Five and Ten Story Buildings". Civil Engineering Dimension 25, n.º 2 (13 de septiembre de 2023): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.25.2.85-95.

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Precast concrete has been widely implemented in various construction projects due to shorter construction duration and consistent quality. In a previous study, Solberg et al. (2008) conducted an experiment on hybrid beam-column connections with Damage Avoidance Design concept to improve the seismic performance of precast concrete special moment frames. The objective of this study is to further evaluate the seismic performance of precast concrete special moment frames with the hybrid beam-column connections in five and ten story buildings. The evaluation was done through non-linear dynamic time history analysis using OpenSees. The analysis results show that precast concrete frame buildings exhibit insignificant difference in maximum interstory drift ratios and roof displacements as compared to conventional concrete frame buildings. However, with significantly smaller residual displacements which indicates less structural damage, precast concrete frame buildings could be preferred in the long run as they require less structural repairs after a strong earthquake event.

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Kolchunov, Vitaly I. y Olesya B. Bushova. "Deformation of reinforced concrete frames of multi-storey buildings in extreme conditions under special influences". Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 18, n.º 4 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2022-18-4-297-306.

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In order to increase plasticity during destruction along inclined sections and to protect against progressive collapse of reinforced concrete frames of multi-storey buildings, a variant of cross reinforcement of crossbars in such frames is proposed. The results of a numerical study of the reinforced concrete frame of a multi-storey building with a special impact in the form of an extraordinary hypothetical removal from the work of one of the columns are presented. The modeling of the deformation of the frame is carried out in three versions: the frame of the entire building in the rod setting, a fragment of the building in the column removal zone and a fragment of crossbars adjacent to the column being removed using volumetric finite elements. The obtained results showed the effectiveness of the proposed variant of cross-reinforcement of crossbars to protect a multi-storey frame building from progressive collapse, as well as the effectiveness of using the proposed variant of three-level models for calculating the parameters of static-dynamic deformation of the carcasses of multi-storey buildings under the considered special impacts.

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7

Gorst, Nick. "Design of precast concrete floors in steel-framed buildings. Part 1: Slab design". Structural Engineer 96, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 2018): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/zinf6501.

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In the UK, steel-framed buildings with precast concrete floors are a common form of multistorey building. Such structures may be used for car parking, for commercial, retail or residential property developments, and for public buildings, such as schools and hospitals. This hybrid form of construction has many benefits, including the provision of an early, secure and broad platform from which subsequent site activities can be undertaken. This article is the first in a series of three addressing aspects of designing steel-framed buildings with precast concrete floors. The first article describes aspects of the slab design of precast prestressed concrete planks which will be installed in a steel frame.

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TAN, K. H. y T. BALENDRA. "RETROFIT OF EXISTING BUILDINGS FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE". Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 01, n.º 02 (junio de 2007): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431107000110.

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Buildings sited on soft soils are sometimes subjected to tremors due to earthquakes occurring some 400 to 700 kilometers away as a result of the amplifying effect of soft soils on low-frequency, long-distance waves. This study focuses on the seismic vulnerability of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings in Singapore that are designed primarily for gravity loads, and examines the use of externally bonded glass fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) systems in retrofitting these buildings to resist lateral forces due to seismic action. Two case studies were considered: (1) a four-story frame building, representing typical low-rise buildings; and (2) a 25-story shear wall-frame building, representing typical high-rise buildings. Pushover tests were carried out correspondingly on 1/2-scale sub-frames and 1/5-scale shear walls. The one-and-a-half bay, two-storey frame specimens represent the critical part of the low-rise building while the I-shaped wall specimens represent the lower critical 2.6 stories of the high-rise building. Test results revealed a strong column–weak beam failure mechanism for both the un-retrofitted and retrofitted frames. The retrofitted frame was 30 percent higher in ultimate strength but 12 percent lesser in ultimate drift ratio compared to the un-retrofitted frame. For the wall specimens, sudden failure of the un-retrofitted shear wall was observed at the base of the side walls due to shear. Failure of the retrofitted wall was however more ductile with FRP debonding, followed by concrete crushing and FRP rupture at the compressive base of the side wall. The ultimate load capacity and lateral displacement of the retrofitted wall increased respectively by 45 and 66 percent.

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Mo, Y. L. y S. F. Perng. "Behavior of Framed Shearwalls Made of Corrugated Steel under Lateral Load Reversals". Advances in Structural Engineering 3, n.º 3 (julio de 2000): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433001502184.

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Reinforced concrete buildings with shearwalls are very efficient to resist earthquake disturbances. In general, reinforced concrete frames are governed by flexure and low-rise shearwalls are governed by shear. If a structure includes both frames and shearwalls, it is generally governed by shearwalls. However, the ductility of ordinary reinforced concrete framed shearwalls is very limited. The experiments on framed shearwalls made of corrugated steel was recently reported. It was found that the ductility of framed shearwalls can be greatly improved if the thickness of the corrugated steel wall is appropriate to the surrounding reinforced concrete frame. If the thickness of the corrugated steel wall is too large when compared to the surrounding frame, the ductility will be reduced. It is shown in this paper that the fiber-reinforced plastic composites can be used to strengthen the critical regions of the reinforced concrete frames, so that the seismic behavior (including ductility and energy dissipation capability) is greatly improved.

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Alimov, Khikmat, Akbarov Islomiddin y Yaxyoyev Ziyodulla. "SURVEY AND RECONSTRUCTION OF LOW-RISE REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS". American Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2024): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajet/volume06issue05-03.

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This article examined the technical condition of a 2-story retail and household complex located in the city of Tashkent, and provided the necessary recommendations for reconstruction. The building is a reinforced concrete frame system and the survey process used existing methods and computer software.

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Pascua, Marie Claire Litonjua, Richard Henry y Charlotte Toma. "Review of recently constructed concrete wall-steel frame hybrid buildings". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 56, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2023): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.1602.

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Around New Zealand there has been an increasing trend of ‘hybrid’ multi-storey buildings that combine reinforced concrete walls with structural steel framing systems. This study aims to characterise and understand this type of building, focusing on buildings constructed in Auckland and Christchurch from 2014 onwards. Drawings from a total of 50 buildings were reviewed, and their structural features were documented, including building use, building height, lateral load resisting system, ductility, wall configuration, wall construction method, steel framing system and suspended floor system. Meetings with structural engineers were conducted to validate the review findings and to further understand design principles and decisions that lead to these outcomes. A typology comprising five building types with distinct lateral load-resisting systems was proposed based on the building review. Results showed regional differences between Auckland and Christchurch, owing to building use and seismic hazard in the respective cities. Auckland buildings surveyed tended to be residential buildings five storeys or higher made of precast walls connected with steel beams. Christchurch buildings, on the other hand, were primarily commercial buildings three to seven storeys high with dual frame-wall systems. Structural connections between steel frames and concrete walls were also documented, showing that bolted connections with headed stud embedment were most common. The results can be used to identify critical aspects of these mixed structural systems for further investigation and to develop archetype building designs that can be used for modelling and testing.

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., M. Muthulakshmi y M. Vinod Kumar . "Experimental Studies on Fibre Integrated Lightweight Concrete Frames Under Lateral Forces: A Review". Asian Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology 7, n.º 1 (5 de marzo de 2018): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajeat-2018.7.1.874.

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Reinforced Concrete (RC) framed structure with masonry infill is the most common type of building in which, RC frames participate in resisting lateral forces. The poor performance of RC frame buildings under lateral forces is due to its heavy mass and rigid construction. Use of Lightweight concrete (LWC) is preferred since the dead load of concrete is enormous. A low density of the LWC, decreases the weight of the building thus reducing the effect of lateral forces. However, LWC having a lower modulus of elasticity, has a faster rate of crack development in RC members. So, fibres are employed as an additive to increase the energy absorption capacity and to control the crack development. Pumice is a natural material of volcanic origin, has low density, which makes it ideal for production of LWC. Based on these ideas, Pumice aggregate is used as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate to its volume with addition of steel fibres to the volume of concrete. This paper summarizes the collected literatures related to RC frames, LWC, Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC) and thereby attempts to predict the lateral load response of RC portal frame with the use of LWC and Steel fibres.

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Shrivastava, Yash. "Use of Shear Wall System in RC Building with Reinterant Corner". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2024): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.57887.

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Abstract: The recent earthquake including the last Nepal earthquake (2015) in which many reinforced concrete structures have been severely damaged or collapsed, have indicated the need for evaluating the seismic adequacy of existing buildings. In multistoried framed building, damages from earthquake generally initiate at locations of structural weaknesses present in the lateral load resisting frames. This behavior of multi-storied framed buildings during strong earthquake motions depends on the distribution of mass, stiffness, strength in both horizontal and vertical planes of buildings. In few cases, these weaknesses may be created by discontinuities in stiffness, strength or mass along the diaphragm. Many buildings in the present scenario have irregular configurations both in elevation and plan. These in future may be subjected to devastating earthquakes. In this thesis, we have studied various configuration of shear wall in a building with irregular plan (L shape). For the study, we have considered ten test models, out of which one model is not having shear wall. This model is called bare frame. From the bare frame model other nine test models with shear wall is compared in order to define the optimum location of shear wall for L shaped building.

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Bogdan, Hauşi Sorin. "Issues Regarding the Appropriateness of Using Precast Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures Compared to Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures, in Office Buildings and Residential Buildings". Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Construction. Architecture Section 67, n.º 3 (18 de julio de 2022): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipca-2021-0023.

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Abstract Given the current context at national and European level in terms of reducing skilled labour force in constructions, as well as the high level of density and traffic in large cities, there is an increasing emphasis on the possibility of shortening the duration of building the structural frames on site, reducing the number of workers or even reducing the level of noise pollution. Thus, the introduction of precast technologies in the case of office buildings and residential buildings, with multi-storey frame structure, is becoming an increasingly pressing and topical issue. The purpose of this paper is to enable structural engineers, architects and potential investors to consciously choose the type of optimal structure, taking into account a number of technical and economic aspects. In this sense, in order to highlight the main advantages and disadvantages of using multi-storey precast reinforced concrete frame structures, a comparative case study will be carried out between a precast frame structure and a monolithic frame structure, respectively.

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Nguyễn, Hiệp Đồng. "Tính toán chuyển vị ngang của khung phẳng bê tông cốt thép có kể đến phi tuyến vật liệu bằng phần mềm Lira-Sapr 2017". Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology 2022, vi.vol4 (diciembre de 2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.59382/j-ibst.2022.vi.vol4-1.

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The horizontal load greatly affects the horizontal displacement of the top of the reinforced concrete frame, especially for the frame with small stiffness. In high-rise buildings, it is necessary to check whether the horizontal displacement of the top of the building and the story drift is satisfied or not. This paper introduces the investigation of the influence of lateral loads on the horizontal displacement of the top of the reinforced concrete flat frame with regard to material nonlinearities using Lira-Sapr software. Therefrom, comment on the difference between the analysis of reinforced concrete frames with regard to material nonlinearity with the analysis according to the elastic.

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Ivanchenko, Gryhoriy, Galyna Getun, Iryna Bezklubenko y Andriy Solomin. "Features of design and calculations of complex reinforced concrete frames of buildings". Strength of Materials and Theory of Structures, n.º 110 (26 de junio de 2023): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2023.110.108-117.

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The article considers and systematizes the load-bearing structural systems of buildings with complex space-planning configurations, taking into account design solutions, structural loading and stress states. The features of the perception of loads and their rational distribution between the structural elements of frame buildings with complex space-planning solutions are analyzed. The main structural schemes of complex frames, schemes of their deformations and plots of moments under the influence of vertical and horizontal loads are introduced. The paper reflects the modern practice of preliminary approximate calculations of the approximate dimensions of the sections of frame structures of frame buildings for the possibility of further collecting loads and performing refined calculations using modern calculation software systems. The proposed method for modeling the nature of the work of complex frames of frame buildings and coordinating their space-planning, design and calculation systems will be useful for researchers, architects and design engineers during the design of new types of buildings, taking into account their operation under emergency conditions.

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Maldonado Rondón, Esperanza, Iván Dario Gómez Araujo y Gustavo Chio Cho. "Simulating vulnerability functions and seismic damage probability matrix for reinforced concrete frame buildings". Ingeniería e Investigación 28, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2008): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n3.15117.

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This paper outlines vulnerability functions and seismic damage probability matrixes being constructed for reinforced concrete frame buildings. These functions and matrixes were based on simulation techniques and experts’ opinion. The proposed functions and matrixes relate a building’s vulnerability to the level of damage which might be incurred, depending on an earthquake’s motion. Vulnerability was defined by estimating an index proposed by expert opinion. Damage was defined by means of a da mage index depending on nonlinear static analysis. Simulation techniques were used for constructing hypothetical buildings and thereby to building the functions and matrixes. Such buildings represented the typical characteristics of Colombian cities’ reinforced concrete frame system (Bucaramanga for example). A set of tools was made for constructing and applying these functions and matrixes, allowing us to determine the level of seismic damage by using the buildings’ characteristics for specific seismic action.

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Gur, Turel, AliCihan Pay, Julio A. Ramirez, Mete A. Sozen, Arvid M. Johnson, Ayhan Irfanoglu y Antonio Bobet. "Performance of School Buildings in Turkey During the 1999 Düzce and the 2003 Bingöl Earthquakes". Earthquake Spectra 25, n.º 2 (mayo de 2009): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3089367.

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Several school buildings were surveyed in the disaster areas of the Marmara (17 August 1999, [Formula: see text]), Düzce (12 November 1999, [Formula: see text]), and Bingöl (1 May 2003, [Formula: see text]) earthquakes in Turkey. Among them, 21 reinforced concrete buildings were found to have an identical floor plan. Lateral load resisting structural system consisted of reinforced concrete frames (moment-resisting frame) in 16 of the buildings and structural concrete walls integrated with the moment-resisting frame (dual system) in the remaining five buildings. The number of stories above ground in these buildings ranged from two to four. These school buildings provide a nearly ideal test of the effect of a single important structural characteristic on the performance of buildings with structural designs that are uniform in all other respects. Our observation is that the presence of structural walls improves the behavior of reinforced concrete systems drastically.

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Liel, Abbie B. y Gregory G. Deierlein. "Using Collapse Risk Assessments to Inform Seismic Safety Policy for Older Concrete Buildings". Earthquake Spectra 28, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2012): 1495–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000090.

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For many in the engineering community, nonductile concrete buildings are the next priority for seismic safety legislation in California. The history of such policies shows that implementation has been challenged by the high costs of seismic retrofit, opposition from building owners, and difficulty in defining and evaluating seismic safety standards. As a result, seismic legislation for existing buildings has developed in response to major earthquakes, rather than through proactive risk assessment. Advances in performance-based earthquake engineering provide a consistent framework for assessing building collapse risk using nonlinear dynamic analysis. These tools are applied to evaluate the risk of earthquake-induced collapse and fatalities in a representative set of older concrete frames. Results show that nonductile concrete frame buildings are about 35 times more likely to collapse in earthquakes than their modern counterparts. These assessments are used to investigate the impact of policy alternatives for seismic mitigation of nonductile concrete buildings.

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Lee, Ho-Haeng, Ki-Ho Kim, Seunghyun Son, Kwangheon Park y Sunkuk Kim. "TIME REDUCTION EFFECTS OF STEEL CONNECTED PRECAST CONCRETE COMPONENTS FOR HEAVILY LOADED LONG-SPAN BUILDINGS". JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 26, n.º 2 (7 de febrero de 2020): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2020.11673.

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The characteristics of large logistics buildings are their long spans and the ability to take heavy loads. Usually, PC components are used for their frames to ensure quick construction. However, the erection of most pin jointed PC structures increases the time and the cost incurred for ensuring structural stability and construction safety. To solve this problem, “smart” frames have been developed, which have tapered steel joints at both ends of the PC components. A smart frame with the moment frame concept not only assures structural stability and construction safety, but it also simplifies and quickens the erection because of its tapered joint detail. The purpose of this study is to compare the erection time and cost effects of the steel connected PC components for heavily loaded long-span logistics buildings with the existing PC frames. For this study, we selected a logistics building constructed with PC components and redesigned it as the smart frame, and the erection simulations were performed. We analyzed the time reduction effects of the smart frame. Our results confirmed that the use of the smart frame reduced the erection time and cost practically. Our investigations will help develop the erection simulation algorithms for smart frames.

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Veremeenko, Oleg. "Using rigidity elements to strengthen one-storey buildings frames". MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 02017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819602017.

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The study focuses on strengthening industrial buildings frames by introducing rigidity elements. Materials concentration principle in rigidity elements in the form of reinforced concrete columns is used and the influence degree on a building frame operation is estimated. This changes the performance of the overlay disk as an element that distributes horizontal forces. The paper describes basic dependencies determining the correlation between rigidity characteristics of rigidity elements and ordinary columns. They are determined by reinforced concrete frame movements when the lower section columns moments reach limit values. In resulting exposure rigidity elements accept basic horizontal efforts, and ordinary columns work as centrally compressed. Calculation results are presented as graphs of force variation depending on correlation between rigidity characteristics of rigidity elements and ordinary columns. The paper outlines that after introducing rigidity elements they act as basic distributing horizontal loads element. The overlay disk has the final load bearing capacity and regulates the limit distances between rigidity elements. The introduction of rigidity elements into the building frame should be accompanied by appropriate measures to strengthen structure foundations. The research proves that this method of one-storey industrial buildings frames reinforcement enables to use materials and technologies during reconstruction more efficiently.

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Johan, C., I. Satyarno, A. Awaludin, R. Fikri y A. F. Setiawan. "Analysis Of RC Precast Modular Building with Frame Element Approach". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1244, n.º 1 (1 de septiembre de 2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1244/1/012014.

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Abstract Concrete buildings with modular systems are still not widely used for high-rise buildings. One of the main reasons is the lack of knowledge regarding the structural design of concrete modular buildings. In Indonesia itself, there are not even many concrete modular buildings because the majority of the area is surrounded by earthquake zones. This study aims to develop a frame analysis method using a section designer for structural analysis of concrete modular buildings. The function of using frame elements is to simplify the calculations that should be modelled with shell elements in order to ensure that the connection between segments occurred only vertically. The analysis was carried out for an 8-storey apartment modular building composed of 4 module segments (M-24A, M-24B, M-36A and M-36B). Seismic analysis was carried out using the parameters of the city of Kutai with Sds = 0.27 and Sd1 = 0.3. All module segments are capable of enduring the maximum moment caused by seismic loading. The M-36B segment has a maximum moment capacity of 62,318.73 kNm and can withstand an ultimate moment of 2,227.55 kNm. The combined effect of the earthquake due to the response spectrum created maximum building story drift of 0.11% does not exceed the required limit of 2%.

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Banik, Arijit y Lipika Halder. "Period Formula for Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Infill Walls". Applied Mechanics and Materials 857 (noviembre de 2016): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.857.177.

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The calculation of fundamental time period of vibration is a crucial step in seismic design and analysis of the structures to assess global response of the structure. Different international code proposed empirical expressions considering only height for bare frame structures and height and width of the buildings with infill to estimate the fundamental time period. This paper summaries the effect of the following parameters of building height, bay width, number of bays, cracked or un-cracked section of the structural member and support condition at the base on the fundamental time period of reinforced concrete bare frame and buildings with infill. Modal analysis of 360 building models with selected parameters is investigated in this study. A new equation, which is a function of the selected parameters (building height, bay width, number of bays, type of support condition, cracked or un-cracked sections and type of frame chosen for analysis) is also proposed using multiple linear regression analysis for predicting the fundamental period of buildings. The proposed simple model, including the building height, bay width, number of bays, type of support condition, cracked or un-cracked sections and type of frame chosen for analysis, showed better estimate in predicting the fundamental period of buildings compared to the code equations.

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Bothara, Jitendra K. y Kubilây M. O. Hiçyılmaz. "General observations of building behaviour during the 8th October 2005 Pakistan earthquake". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 41, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2008): 209–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.41.4.209-233.

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The paper presents the authors’ observations on the performance of buildings during the 8th October 2005, Kashmir earthquake in parts of Pakistan-administered Kashmir, and the North Western Frontier Province of Pakistan. A majority of the buildings in the earthquake region were non-engineered, owner-built, loadbearing masonry or reinforced concrete framed structures. Most of the masonry buildings were built with random or semi-dressed stone-walls without any reinforcement. The reinforced concrete frame buildings were deficient in strength, lacked ductile detailing and were poorly constructed. A large number of such buildings collapsed, leading to widespread destruction and loss of life. The building damage was the main cause behind the human and property loss. The collapse of floor and roof structures, the brittle behaviour of concrete buildings, a lack of integrity in masonry structures, and a lack of incorporation of seismically resistant features in building structures are found to be main reasons for the catastrophe.

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25

Awayo, Daniel Dibaba. "Seismic Fragility Analysis of Hollow Concrete Block Infilled Reinforced Concrete Buildings". International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology 06, n.º 12 (2022): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2022.612008.

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Masonry infills are usually treated as nonstructural elements in buildings, and their interaction with the bounding frame is often ignored in analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures. The main aim of this study is to develop a seismic fragility curves showing the probability of exceeding a damage limit state for a given structure type subjected to a seismic excitation. For the purpose of this study, three distinct buildings namely, seven-story, eleven-story and sixteen-story, with typical floor plan were proposed as the case study. Each building cases are explicitly modeled as a bare frame and HCB infilled model with varying percentage of infill configurations. All building models under the case study were analyzed using Seismo-Struct software to assess seismic vulnerabilities. Non-linear dynamic time history and pushover analysis were employed to generate fragility curves. 30 generated artificial accelerograms were employed in the nonlinear dynamic time history analysis. Accordingly, for developing a fragility curve, nonlinear dynamic analyses of 30 building models for each case are conducted and the maximum roof displacement (ID) for each ground motion is recorded. Results of the study showed that bare frame has a highest probability of failure and building models with a larger percentage of infill configurations have lesser failure probability than slightly infilled building models. Basically these infills have significant contribution in arresting large lateral deflections and results in lower and most tolerable story displacements under excited earthquake motion and eventually reducing the structure’s probability of failure at life safety and collapse prevention limit states

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26

Linkevičius, Edgaras, Povilas Žemaitis y Marius Aleinikovas. "Sustainability Impacts of Wood- and Concrete-Based Frame Buildings". Sustainability 15, n.º 2 (13 de enero de 2023): 1560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021560.

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The European Commission adopted a long-term strategic vision aiming for climate neutrality by 2050. Lithuania ratified the Paris agreement, making a binding commitment to cut its 1990 baseline GHG emissions by 40% in all sectors of its economy by 2030. In Lithuania, the main construction material is cement, even though Lithuania has a strong wood-based industry and abundant timber resources. Despite this, approximately twenty percent of the annual roundwood production from Lithuanian forests is exported, as well as other final wood products that could be used in the local construction sector. To highlight the potential that timber frame construction holds for carbon sequestration efforts, timber and concrete buildings were directly compared and quantified in terms of sustainability across their production value chains. Here the concept of “exemplary buildings” was avoided, instead a “traditional building” design was opted for, and two- and five-floor public buildings were selected. In this study, eleven indicators were selected to compare the sustainability impacts of wood-based and concrete-based construction materials, using a decision support tool ToSIA (a tool for sustainability impact assessment). Findings revealed the potential of glue-laminated timber (GLT) frames as a more sustainable alternative to precast reinforced concrete (PRC) in the construction of public low-rise buildings in Lithuania, and they showed great promise in reducing emissions and increasing the sequestration of CO2. An analysis of environmental and social indicators shows that the replacement of PRC frames with GLT frames in the construction of low-rise public buildings would lead to reduced environmental impacts, alongside a range of positive social impacts.

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27

Van der Westhuyzen, S. y J. Wium. "A development cost comparison between a multi-storey mass timber and reinforced concrete building in South Africa". Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering 63, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2021/v63n4a4.

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High-rise timber buildings have experienced a resurgence internationally during the past two decades. This paper presents an investigation into the financial feasibility of a multi-storey mass timber building for South Africa through a development cost comparison. Two 8-storey commercial buildings - a mass timber frame and a reinforced concrete frame - were first designed by independent engineering consultants. A focus group workshop, conducted with industry professionals, assisted with the development of construction schedules. Subsequently, a financial model was developed to determine the overall development cost and financial feasibility of each option. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate the effect ol certain variables on the overall profitability of the mass timber frame development. The focus group workshop identified that the construction of the reinforced concrete frame building and mass timber frame building will take 42 weeks and 21 weeks, respectively. The total capital investment required for the mass timber frame development was found to be 10% more than that of the reinforced concrete frame development (R115 691 000 versus R 105 118 000). A five-year internal rate of return (IRR) of 20.9% and 25.7% was calculated for the mass timber and reinforced concrete frame developments, respectively. A significant finding of the sensitivity analysis was that the mass timber frame building proved to generate a higher five-year IRR than that of the reinforced concrete frame once the mass timber building achieved a rental premium of 7.8% or more. The sensitivity analysis further showed that the importation of the mass timber elements remains an expensive option, with a 16.4% five-year IRR for the imported mass timber frame (at a R17:€1 exchange rate).

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28

Kuang, J. S. y A. I. Atanda. "Enhancing ductility of reinforced concrete frame buildings". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 158, n.º 4 (agosto de 2005): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2005.158.4.253.

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29

de Paula Filho, José Humberto Matias, Marina D’Antimo, Marion Charlier y Olivier Vassart. "Life-Cycle Assessment of an Office Building: Influence of the Structural Design on the Embodied Carbon Emissions". Modelling 5, n.º 1 (22 de diciembre de 2023): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/modelling5010004.

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In 2020, 37% of global CO2eq. emissions were attributed to the construction sector. The major effort to reduce this share of emissions has been focused on reducing the operational carbon of buildings. Recently, awareness has also been raised on the role of embodied carbon: emissions from materials and construction processes must be urgently addressed to ensure sustainable buildings. To assess the embodied carbon of a building, a life-cycle assessment (LCA) can be performed; this is a science-based and standardized methodology for quantifying the environmental impacts of a building during its life. This paper presents the comparative results of a “cradle-to-cradle” building LCA of an office building located in Luxembourg with 50 years of service life. Three equivalent structural systems are compared: a steel–concrete composite frame, a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame, and a timber frame. A life-cycle inventory (LCI) was performed using environmental product declarations (EPDs) according to EN 15804. For the considered office building, the steel–concrete composite solution outperforms the prefabricated concrete frame in terms of global warming potential (GWP). Additionally, it provides a lower GWP than the timber-frame solution when a landfill end-of-life (EOL) scenario for wood is considered. Finally, the steel–concrete composite and timber solutions show equivalent GWPs when the wood EOL is assumed to be 100% incinerated with energy recovery.

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30

Ghiţă, Ana-Maria. "Seismic Design Of Low-Rise Office Buildings According To Romanian Seismic Codes. Case Study." Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering 11, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2015): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmce-2015-0007.

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Abstract The paper presents a study case and highlights the changes made by the new, in force, seismic Code P100-1/2013 in comparison with the former P100-1/2006, concerning the reinforced concrete frame structural systems design. Different seismic designed RC frames systems, compatible with modern office requirements, were studied. The influence of the earthquake codes provisions on design of regular buildings, having openings fitted for open spaces, with a story height of 3.50m, was assessed. The benefits of tubular structures, with rigid frames made of closely spaced columns on the building perimeter, were analyzed as well. The results of the study case are presented emphasizing the consequences of the application of the new seismic Code on the computation of the reinforced concrete frame structures.

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31

Mony, Ratanak. "An Investigation of Seismic Behaviour of Prestressed Concrete Frame Structures using Pushover Analysis". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, n.º 7 (31 de julio de 2024): 572–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63588.

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Abstract: The prestressed concrete system is a prominent material in civil engineering, with applications ranging from buildings, bridges, foundations, piling, silos, stadiums, roadways, and other infrastructure. However, this work is primarily concerned with its applicability to building frame constructions subjected to seismic loading. The prestressed concrete system for frame constructions not only reduces the amount of structural components, but it is also a cost-effective technology that provides outstanding strength and stiffness, as well as quick and simple site erection. Hence, we will be able to use these prestressed concrete components to their full capacity, unlocking engineering and social benefits that were previously impossible. Prestressed concrete designs, as opposed to reinforced concrete designs, can give structures with substantially longer spans, no cracks, or fewer cracks with tiny crack widths. Nonetheless, research on the seismic behaviour of prestressed concrete frame structures is relatively restricted, with the majority of studies focusing on reinforced concrete structures. Finally, the provisional versions of modern building codes such as ACI 318, GB50010, and EC2 do not provide thorough processes for seismic design of prestressed concrete structures. In this work, the seismic design and behaviour of prestressed concrete building frames are explored using the most recent design code. Three model-building codes will be investigated and compared, including ACI 318- 14, Eurocode 2004-2, and Chinese GB500010-2010. The 10-story prestressed concrete frame system is subjected to gravity and seismic loading, and the strong-column weak beam mechanism is archived to conform with the newly implemented building design code. To examine the behaviour of prestressed concrete frame structures, nonlinear static pushover analysis is used to capture the reaction under earthquake loading. The stiffness and strength needed will be designed in compliance with the three major building codes indicated. In addition, the finite element model will be created using CSI Sap200 to capture its actions.

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Jamšek, Aleš y Matjaž Dolšek. "The Reduced-Degree-of-Freedom Model for Seismic Analysis of Predominantly Plan-Symmetric Reinforced Concrete Wall–Frame Building". Buildings 11, n.º 8 (21 de agosto de 2021): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080372.

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A reduced-degree-of-freedom (RDOF) model for seismic analysis of predominantly plan-symmetric reinforced concrete (RC) wall–frame buildings is introduced. The RDOF model of the wall–frame building consists of elastic beam–column elements with concentrated plasticity used for simulating cantilever walls and predominantly plan-symmetric RC frame buildings that are represented by the improved fish-bone (IFB) model. In this paper, the capability of the RDOF model is demonstrated for two frame buildings and two wall–frame buildings. The RDOF models were defined directly from the building information model. This is an advantage of RDOF models with respect to single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) models, while the computational robustness of the RDOF models also makes them attractive for the seismic analysis of building stock. The imposed cyclic displacement analyses conducted for the investigated buildings proved that the condensation of the degrees of freedom for RDOF models was appropriate. Consequently, only minor differences were observed for maximum storey drift IDA curves, maximum storey acceleration IDA curves, and seismic fragility functions for different limit states. However, development is needed to make RDOF models appropriate for preliminary seismic performance assessment of plan-irregular buildings.

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33

ILIUSHCHENKO, T. A., V. I. KOLCHUNOV y S. S. FEDOROV. "CRACK RESISTANCE OF PRESTRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME STRUCTURE SYSTEMS UNDER SPECIAL IMPACT". Building and reconstruction 93, n.º 1 (2021): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2021-93-1-74-84.

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The results of experimental and theoretical researches of crack resistance, development and growth of cracks of a fragment of a reinforced concrete multi-storey frame of a monolithic building with prestressed beams for a special emergency impact caused by a sudden removal of one of the load-bearing elements are presented. Removal of the middle column of the frame was considered as an emergency impact. Analysis of the pattern cracking in the frames with a prestressed beam before and after a special impact is carried out against the pattern cracking in an unstressed frame structure. Based on the increments of cracks width in the beam, the coefficient of dynamic additional loading in prestressed frame structures from a special impact was calculated. The obtained results of experimental and theoretical researches of the crack resistance of frame structures in considered influences can be used in the development of methods for protecting the frames of monolithic multi-storey buildings against progressive collapse.

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34

Blazhko, V. P. y L. N. Smirnova. "Technical solutions of a prefabricated monolithic building for reinforced concrete plants with limited technological capabilities". Concrete and Reinforced Concrete 618, n.º 4 (19 de octubre de 2023): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/0005-9889-2023-4(618)-28-35.

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Introduction. The article discusses the innovative structural system of SPMF (prefabricated monolithic spatial frame) in terms of its practical implementation at enterprises producing precast reinforced concrete structures. In particular, we mean low-capacity plants located in the regions and not having a developed technological base. The introduction of SPMF at these enterprises will allow to organize the production of products for the construction of social and cultural facilities, as well as residential buildings in conventional and seismically active areas. The structural system consists of H-shaped frames arranged orthogonally to each other and interconnected in height by monolithic inserts, and horizontally by ties. The floors are prefabricated from solid reinforced concrete slabs, connected to each other through embedded parts by welding. It is possible to use multi-hollow flooring. Enclosing structures made of small-piece elements or hinged panels on a frame with effective insulation.H-shaped frames are located on a grid of axes of 6 × 3 m or 6 × 6 m – in the case of multi-hollow flooring. The frame is manufactured in a horizontal position. The size of the molds in length does not exceed 3,000 mm, one half-frame is made in the mold. The dimensions of the half-frame are 2,000 × 3,000 mm. The half-frames have rebar outlets in the crossbar part for subsequent enlargement assembly. The consolidation assembly can be carried out at the factory or on the construction site during the installation process. Products are transported in a horizontal position by flatbed trailers.For low-rise buildings, seismic protection is provided using the "sliding foundation" technology.Materials and methods. On the basis of a given architectural and planning solution of a residential 4-storey building located in the Prokopyevsk area, for the concrete plant of LLC Promkombinat in Kaltan, Novokuznetsk region, at the "concept" stage, the layout schemes of frames, floor slabs, as well as the main technical solutions of nodal connections were developed, the calculation of the building was carried out.The range of products for the construction of the aboveground part of the house consists of 10 positions: half-frame – 2 units; floor slabs – 2 units; stiffness diaphragms – 2 units; staircases – 2 units; staircases – 2 units.The foundation for the building is provided from monolithic concrete with an active seismic isolation device in the form of a sliding belt, which is arranged under the pillars of H-shaped frames. A pair of fluoroplast F-4 – steel is considered as a sliding element.Results. A practical example of the implementation of an innovative frame system of SPMF at a specific enterprise is given.Conclusions. During the development work on the adaptation of the SPMF frame system at the precast concrete plant, technical solutions were obtained for a 4-storey residential building located in an area with seismic activity of 8 points. The main load-bearing elements of the H-shaped frame and the ceiling are made in horizontal forms available at the enterprise. The dimensions of the products do not exceed those established for transportation by flatbed vehicles. The introduction of this system at the enterprise makes it possible to establish the production of residential buildings in the region, as well as social and cultural facilities.

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Pavlikov, Andrii, Serhii Mykytenko y Anton Hasenko. "Effective Structural System for the Affordable Housing Construction". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 3.2 (20 de junio de 2018): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14422.

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This article falls within vital question in quickly builds construction – theoretical method for calculating the slabs and columns of such buildings. Calculation research of buildings with reinforced concrete frame slabs is described in the article. The features of work the collapsible flat plate ceiling in composition of reinforced concrete framework of building are analyzed. Problems in the design of framework building are considered in order to increase its reliability. The suggestions for directions of perfection the calculation of flat plate frame construction elements are proposed in the article. The novelty of this work is to get new theoretical data about bearing capacity and deformability of structural system for the affordable housing construction from reinforced concrete.

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Kiselyov, Dmitriy, Lidya Berzhinskaya y Pavel Gorbach. "FRAME BUILDINGS MADE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN SEISMICALLY DANGEROUS AREAS". Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2022, n.º 1 (16 de mayo de 2022): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2022-1-171-172.

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37

Fatiha, Cherifi, Farsi Mohammed y Kaci Salah. "Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of Reinforced Concrete Frame buildings". MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 02036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814902036.

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The seismic activity remains strong in the north of Algeria since no less than 30 earthquakes per month are recorded. The large number of structures built before the introduction of the seismic standards represents a high seismic risk. Analysis of damage suffered during the last earthquakes highlighted the vulnerability of the existing structures. In this study the seismic behavior of the existing buildings in Tizi-Ouzou city, located in the north of Algeria, is investigated. To make this assessment, a database was created following a building inventory based on a set of technical folders and field visits. The listed buildings have been classified into different typologies. Only reinforced concrete frame buildings are considered in this paper. The approach adopted to estimate structures damage is based on four main steps: 1) construction of capacity curves using static nonlinear method “push-over”, 2) estimate of seismic hazard, 3) determination of performance points, and finally 4) deduction of damage levels.

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38

Patel, Nirav y Deepak Koirala. "Linear and Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Building with V Shape Steel Bracing". INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem26031.

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In this study, the RC-MRCBFs were used with V braced frame. The core objective of this examination is to understand the earthquake behavior of the RC-MRCBFs in steel V braced frames. Response spectrum analysis (RSA) is used to understand the seismic performance of the steel braced and un-braced RC frames. Total 12 steel braced RC frames and 12 un-braced frames for all 4 story, 8story, 12 stories and 16 stories are studied and observed the seismic parameter such as fundamental time period (FTP), top story displacements, inter-story drift, base shear and story stiffness of the structures. After studying the parametric study of the 4 to 16 story buildings with a linear and nonlinear analysis tool it was observed that to get the effective braced frame with expected failure mechanism, ductility, the columns should be designed such that, they resist at least 50% base shear contributions. It is observed that using the steel V bracing in the low rise to mid-rise buildings, improves the seismic behaviors of the structures. The steel bracing reduces the maximum top story displacements, drift and time period of the building and increases the seismic base shear demand, stiffness of the structures. The result shows that as increasing the base shear contribution in the columns, the drift and displacement of the story increases and base shear decreases. Key Words: Response Spectrum Analysis, displacement, Maximum storey drift, Storey shear, Storey stiffness, braced frame, RC buildings.

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Oladazimi, Amir, Saeed Mansour, Seyed Hosseinijou y Mohammad Majdfaghihi. "Sustainability Identification of Steel and Concrete Construction Frames with Respect to Triple Bottom Line". Buildings 11, n.º 11 (22 de noviembre de 2021): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11110565.

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As one of the most prominent industries in developed and developing countries, the construction industry has had substantial impacts on different aspects of the environment, society, and economy. In recent years, sustainable construction has been introduced as an approach to evaluate the various construction phases based on environmental, economic, and social dimensions, also known as the triple bottom line (TBL). To conduct a sustainability analysis of the buildings in Tehran, the capital city of Iran, two conventional construction frames were selected, namely steel frame and concrete frame. In this research, three conventional approaches for the evaluation of the TBL, namely the life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (SLCA), were, respectively, used for the study of environmental, economic, and social impacts. The main results of the study are summarized as the following: Overall, based on the LCA results, the concrete frame led to almost 38% more environmental pollution than steel frame. In terms of the total prices of the buildings, considering their LCC and with respect to the present value (PV) method, the steel frame was almost 152,000 USD more expensive than the concrete frame. The quantified results of the social dimension by the SLCA method showed that concrete and steel buildings had a score of 0.199 and 0.189, respectively, which indicates that concrete had a slightly better social performance based on expert opinions. A multi-criteria assessment and sensitivity analysis of the results were conducted by a graphical tool, namely the mixing triangle, and showed that the overall preference of each alternative depends mainly on the importance weights given to each aspect of the assessment. However, one of the main findings of the research was that overall, giving a high importance weight to environmental dimension leads to sustainability preference of steel over concrete frame, while giving high importance weights to economic or social dimensions leads to sustainability preference of concrete over steel frame. Findings of the study are beneficial to decision-makers in the construction industry since they can decide on the best alternative among concrete and steel frames based on their strategies.

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Dang, Yu y Ying-ke Liu. "Deformation of Overlong Isolated Buildings Caused by Thermal and Concrete Shrinkage". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/139159.

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Temperature variations and concrete shrinkage influence structural behavior by reducing the strength of materials and changing their thermal strain contributions. This problem is particularly important for isolated buildings that are characterized by large horizontal dimensions and are sensitive to thermal action and shrinkage. In this study, the measurement of an overlong isolated building shows that the deformations of some isolators exceed the allowed deviation during the construction phase because the building is completely exposed. These deformations are induced by climatic thermal changes and shrinkage effects and cause the complex dynamic behavior and instability of the structure. To ensure the safety of overlong isolated buildings, the structural stress and deformation caused by temperature variations and shrinkage effects are studied. A three-story frame model is developed, and the rule of deformation within isolated frame buildings is analyzed by the deformation distribution method. The theoretical predictions are consistent with the experimental measurements. Therefore, the theoretical model is used to predict the deformation of isolated buildings caused by temperature variations and shrinkage effects. For reinforced concrete frame isolated buildings, expansion joint distances are proposed according to different thermal design regions and heating design conditions.

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Jain, Sudhir K., Keya Mitra, Manish Kumar y Mehul Shah. "A Proposed Rapid Visual Screening Procedure for Seismic Evaluation of RC-Frame Buildings in India". Earthquake Spectra 26, n.º 3 (agosto de 2010): 709–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3456711.

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Poor performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings in India during past earthquakes has been a matter of serious concern. Hence, it becomes important to identify and strengthen the deficient buildings. When dealing with a large building stock, one needs evaluation methods for quick assessment of the seismic safety of existing buildings so that corrective retrofitting measures may be undertaken on the deficient buildings. This paper presents a review of some of the available methods for rapid visual screening (RVS) of RC-frame buildings and proposes a RVS method for RC-frame buildings in India based on systematic studies on damage data of the 2001 Bhuj earthquake.

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42

Dhakal, Sulata. "Assessing Seismic Behavior in RC Buildings with Varied Vertical Aspect Ratios: A Comparative Study". International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) 11, n.º 10 (17 de octubre de 2023): 944–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i10.ec02.

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Limited space in cities due to urbanization and population growth has given rise to tall and distinctively designed buildings. This study focuses on how a building's vertical aspect ratio (height-to-width ratio) affects the seismic performance of residential concrete buildings. In earthquake-prone Nepal, seismic analysis is crucial for buildings in high-risk areas. We investigated the impact of vertical aspect ratio and the presence of masonry infills and soft stories in reinforced concrete frame buildings. Rectangular base models were analysed at 3, 5, and 7 stories. These models were categorized into bare frames, infill frames, and infill frames with soft stories at the ground level. Linear analysis, non-linear analysis, and design of the building have been performed as per the relevant Indian codes of practice. The effect of infills on dynamic characteristics, yield patterns and capacity has been studied with the help of Non-Linear Analysis. The result of the analysis indicates that the structures have lesser capacity and higher drift with the increase in vertical aspect ratio. It also has been observed that infills contribute to a large increase in the stiffness and strength of the structure, so the deformation capacity of the structure gets reduced.

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Ratna Hapsari, Isyana, Senot Sangadji y Stefanus Adi Kristiawan. "Seismic performance of four-storey masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame building". MATEC Web of Conferences 195 (2018): 02017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819502017.

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Masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames are a structural system commonly used for low-to-mid-rise buildings. Generally, this type of structure is modelled as an open frame neglecting the strength and stiffness contribution of the masonry infilled panel. In order to describe realistic behaviour under lateral loading, this paper evaluates the seismic performance of the building by modelling the contribution of masonry as a compression strut acting diagonally in the panel. The non-linear static procedure is employed by subjecting the building to pushover loads. The performance of the building is then analysed based on the obtained capacity curve. Seismic performance is assessed in terms of building fragility which is the conditional probability of exceeding certain damage state for a given ground shaking intensity. Fragility functions eventually are expressed as series of log-normal curves of both the open and masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame. Based on this study, the infilled frame can resist a maximum load of 20.3x103 kN, while the open frame is only able to withstand a maximum load of 15.2x103 kN. From the fragility curve, it can be concluded that the probability of the infilled frame to reach a certain damage state is lower than that of the open frame.

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Syed Kaleem Afrough Zaidi, Shobharam and Imran. "Parametric Seismic Study of Steel-Concrete Composite Frames". International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, n.º 09 (12 de octubre de 2020): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060905.

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In India mostly multi story buildings are constructed with reinforced concrete,steel and recently the trend of construction is going toward composite structure which has beenstarted is in growing stage.Therefore the main aim of this research is to the parametric study on reinforced concrete, steel and steel- concrete composite frames.A 3D (G+9) stories building is situated in seismic zone IV and designed for same gravity loads. The reinforced beam and column were design according to the IS: 456-2000 and the composite fill sections were design according American standard AISC: 360-10.Further the beam and column sections were made by reinforced concrete, steel and steel-concrete composite. The reinforced concrete slab of uniform thickness was considering for all type of frames. Load combination is assigned according to IS: 1893-2002. The entire frame were modeled and analyzed by response spectrum method using E-tabs software 2015.Finally the results were obtained and compared in a parametric study .This study concludes that composite frame show better performance compared to reinforced concrete and steel frames.

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Arumugam, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi Keshav, Aravindan Achuthan y Somashekar Dasappa. "Seismic Evaluation of Advanced Reinforced Concrete Structures". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (16 de mayo de 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4518848.

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Many reinforced concrete frame buildings were developed and constructed in Coimbatore zone III before 2002. In 2002, the seismic code IS 1893 was updated. As a result, structures constructed earlier in 2002 do not meet the codal criterion. The majority of structures through infilled walls were nondesigned with infills in consideration. This paper goals to appraise seismic exposure of an advanced reinforced present concrete building with infilled and without infilled frames. A pushover analysis was used to conduct this analysis. According to ATC40, the analysis shows the comportment levels of several building components for various stated concert objectives.

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Shendkar, Mangeshkumar R., Denise-Penelope N. Kontoni, Ercan Işık, Sasankasekhar Mandal, Pabitra Ranjan Maiti y Ehsan Harirchian. "Influence of Masonry Infill on Seismic Design Factors of Reinforced-Concrete Buildings". Shock and Vibration 2022 (27 de febrero de 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5521162.

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Infill walls are the most common separator panels in typical reinforced-concrete (RC) frame structures. It is crucial to investigate the influence of the infill walls on the earthquake behavior of RC frames. The load resistance of infill materials was often not taken into account in the designing phase, whereas the infill walls have significant contributions to the structural behavior under lateral and vertical loadings. A three-dimensional 4-story RC building is designed, and in order to make a realistic model, different infill walls configurations were taken into account with the openings in the infill. Four different models were created for structural analysis for infill wall effects, namely, full RC infilled frame (Model I), corner infill at ground story RC infilled frame (Model II), open ground story RC infilled frame (Model III), and bare RC frame (Model IV). Static adaptive pushover analysis has been performed for all structural models by using the SeismoStruct software. The double strut nonlinear cyclic model was used for modeling the infill walls. In this study, three different compressive strengths of infill walls are taken into consideration, and the effects on seismic design factors (namely, the response reduction factor, the ductility, the overstrength factor, and the deflection factor) are calculated. The obtained values of the response reduction factor (R) are compared with the given values in the BIS code. The results show that the R factors of all RC infilled frames are decreased when the compressive strength of the masonry infill reduces. However, the R values of bare frames are less than the corresponding values recommended in the BIS code. It is worth noting that the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) provisions underestimate the deflection factors of the reinforced-concrete (RC) frames according to the evaluated deflection factors of the herein studied RC frames.

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47

Nizamani, Zafarullah, Wong Che Luk y Syed Muhammad Bilal Haider. "Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Plane Frame, Shear Wall with and without Openings". E3S Web of Conferences 65 (2018): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186502007.

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Malaysia is situated at Sunda plate which has geographic advantage in seismic zone. However, an earthquake occurred in Sabah, east of Malaysia without a warning in 2015. This scenario raised the question regarding the structural performance of high-rise buildings in Malaysia in response to seismic activity. This study is to analyze the effects of the shear wall on seven RC buildings by using pushover analysis. This pushover analysis is a simple approach where a building is subjected to increasing horizontal lateral loads until the building fails. SCIA Engineer software is used to model three different designs of seven storeys buildings are model in accordance with the Eurocode 8. The pushover analyses are carried out on three models, pushover curves (base shear vs. roof displacement) are plotted, and they are compared to explore both elastic and inelastic properties of the building response to the seismic action. The frame model without shear wall can resist less base shear. The plane frame model also approaches maximum allowable displacement of 60 mm earlier as compared to the other two models. Therefore, the high-rise buildings with shear wall design are highly recommended for the lifelong seismic resistance of reinforced concrete buildings.

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48

Jiang, You Bao, Yu Lai Zhao, Wei Jun Yang y Zhi Ling Gong. "Parametric Reliability Analysis of the Seismic Bearing Capacity of Bottom Columns in Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure". Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (octubre de 2012): 2478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2478.

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After the Wenchuan earthquake, Chinese Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB50011-2010) adjusts some seismic design parameters. Taking into account the randomness of gravity load and earthquake action and the uncertainty of steel strength and concrete strength, this paper analyzes the reliability of seismic bearing capacity of reinforced concrete frame bottom columns. Based on the structural analysis software PKPM, which is in accordance with code for seismic design of buildings, the reliability index of seismic bearing capacity of reinforced concrete frame bottom columns is calculated by the Monte Carlo method with different parameters, such as different seismic intensity, different building storey number, different seismic adjustment coefficient (increment coefficient of frame columns end moment and increment coefficient of design value of combination moment of underlying frame columns lower end section), different horizontal span number, different column location (side column and interior column) and so on. The results indicate that the reliability index can reach 2.0 or above, and can meet the target requirements for all cases which are designed with the current code for seismic design of buildings (GB50011-2010).

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Gondaliya, K. M., T. N. Palsanawala, V. Bhaiya, S. A. Vasanwala y A. K. Desai. "Seismic Vulnerability of Code Compliant RC Frame Building with Unreinforced Masonry Infill Walls". Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, n.º 1 (19 de diciembre de 2022): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.603.

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Unreinforced masonry (URM) infill walls in Reinforced concrete (RC) buildings are normally designed as non-structural elements. However, in the past, the post-earthquake response of the RC frame building showed that URM infill walls increase the strength and stiffness of the RC frame buildings. Further, it is also observed that URM helped to prevent the disastrous destruction by acting as a structural member in RC frame. In the present study, the performance assessment of a four-storey URM infill RC frame with different infill configurations, namely bare and Open Ground Storey (OGS) is done using fragility analyses. Nonlinear masonry material is modelled as the equitant three strut model in ETABS. Nonlinear static pushover analysis is applied for the analysis of the configured RC frames. The probability of damage states is determined by firstly converting pushover curves into capacity curves and accordingly, performance-point values of Spectral acceleration and Spectral displacement for seismic demand Zone-V (Elastic Response Spectra as per IS 1893:2016) using the capacity-spectrum method (ATC-40) are determined. The fragility function used is an approximation of the continuous to discrete distribution. Fragility curves and mean damage matrix are derived to compare performance with each other. From the vulnerability analyses, it is observed that the OGS framed RC building performs better as compared to the bare frame.

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50

GETUN, Galyna, Vira KOLIAKOVA, Iryna BEZKLUBENKO y Andriy SOLOMIN. "CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS FOR EXPLOSION-RESISTANT BUILDINGS WITH CIVIL PROTECTION FACILITIES". Building constructions. Theory and Practice, n.º 13 (23 de diciembre de 2023): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2522-4182.13.2023.41-50.

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In the conditions of the large-scale war led by russia in Ukraine, the issue of designingblast-resistant buildings with civil defense facilities that can withstand additional special loads and impacts has become crucial. These impacts include artillery and missile attacks, bomb explosions, blast waves, and the spread of fires, among others. An analysis of the consequences of building and structure destruction resulting from military operationsindicates that reinforced concrete structures of buildings have superior load-bearing capacity compared to traditional brick and steel frames of pavilion-type buildings.Reinforced concrete is a non-combustible material with significant mass, improving its inertialresistance. It possesses high strength and plasticity characteristics, allowing it to deform and redistribute forces between adjacent structures, thereby preventing progressive collapse – the cascading destruction of buildings.The main principles of designing blast-resistant reinforced concrete frames for high-rise buildings involve rational constructive systems and schemes with simple and compact configurations and symmetrical plans. The structural solution of the reinforced concrete frame must ensure the redistribution of gravity loads between adjacent structures. Therefore, the joints of vertical and horizontal structures must be plastic, capable of dissipating a significant amount of explosion energy. The load-bearing elements of buildingstructures must withstand cycles of large deformations in different directions, such aspressures from the lifting of floor slabs opposing ordinary gravity loads. For buildings classified with medium (CC2) and significant (CC3) consequences, where more than 50 individuals are constantly present or periodically more than 100 people, it is necessary to design civil protection premises. These premises should be strategically located below the planned ground level.The construction of civil protection premises located in the underground floors of an explosionproof building must withstand all types of main and episodic loads and impacts and resist the spread of fire. Building frames with monolithic reinforced concrete ribbed ceilings and systems of main and secondary beams or transversely located beams rigidly fixed to vertical supporting structures – columns, pylons, walls – can withstand such loadsbest. The article investigates the reasons for the destruction of reinforced concrete slabs in high-rise frame monolithic buildings when subjected to bending or pressure from explosive loads below. It also explores the potential twisting of the building as a result of reverse explosive effects.The article presents measures to strengthen sections of floor structures in high-rise framemonolithic buildings that may be destroyed due to reverse explosive loads and upward pressure from explosive forces. The expediency of reinforcing critical areas of monolithic reinforced concrete floor slabs with external reinforcement – adhering reinforcing mats in the form of fabrics, lamellas, or carbon fiber nets to the upper zones of slabs near vertical supports – is justified.

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